Protest and Economics Chapter 21
Protest and Economics
Chapter 21
Civil Rights and Environmentalism
Chapter 21 sections 4 & 5
African Americans Seek Greater Opportunity
• Equal access to education• To intergrade schools the
Supreme Court ordered busing outside their neighborhoods
• Many whites moved their kids out of public schools
• 20,00 white students in Boston went to parochial schools
Affirmative Action
• Called for companies, schools and institutions dealing with federal government to recruit African Americans
• 1978 Supreme Court ruled in California Regents V Bakke 5-4 that his civil rights were violated
New Political Leaders
• Jesse Jackson former Martin Luther King aid formed PUSH (People United to Save Humanity)
• 1988 sought the Democratic presidential nomination
• 1971 first time since reconstruction African Americans became more influential
• Who was the founder?– Jesse jackson
A Protest Movement Emerges
• 1961 400 tribes met in Chicago to discuss problems
• 1968 congress passes the Indian Civil Rights Act– Recognized tribal law– Gave protection of the Bill of
Rights
• 1969 protest at Wounded Knee and also took over Alcatraz– Was led by AIM (American
Indian Movement)
A Protest Movement emerges
• 1975 congress passes the Indian Self Determination and Educational assistance Act– Expanded local control
over federal programs
The Disability Rights Movement
• Started in Berkeley in 1970s for people with disabilities to live freely in society
• 1968 Architectural Barriers Act-building built with federal funds have access for people with disabilities
Disability Rights Movement
• -No qualified individuals with a disability can be excluded or denied benefits under any programs receiving federal funds
• 1975 Education for all handicapped children Act-all students with disabilities receive an appropriate education
Disability Rights Movement
• 1990 congress passes the American with Disabilities Act- banned discrimination in
Environmentalists Speak Out
• 1960s-1970s scientists learned more about toxic waste
• Toxic waste- poisonous byproduct of human activity
• Concerns over- coal, smog, pesticide abuse, and polluted rivers
Environmentalists Speak Out
• Rachael Carson writes Silent Spring– Describes the deadly
affect of pesticides that they were having on birds and animals
• She insisted human activity drastically altered the environment
• Her work caused Congress to bad DDT– DDT was a pesticide
• 1968 Cuyahoga River catches fire in Cleveland Ohio
Inaugurating Earth Day
• Nationwide protest called for Earth Day
• Cuyahoga River fire made it seem like predictions were coming true
• April 22, 1970 First Earth Day, 20 million people took part
• There were concerns if government should take over private property
A President Turns Environmentalist
• 1970 Nixon asks Congress to create Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)– Mission to protect the
entire ecological chain– Sought to eliminate
pollutants
A President Turns Environmentalist
• Nixon signs Clean Air Act (1970) to combat pollutants
• Clean Water Act (1973) limit pollution by agriculture and industry
• Endangered Species Act (1973) promote the protection of endangered species and animals