Protein Translocation Through Artificial Nanopores Marc Creus University of Basel ERBM4 Liège Institute of Microtechnology (Neuchâtel) Dr Urs Staufer Dr Anpan Han Prof Nico de Rooij Institute of Chemistry (Neuchâtel) Dr Marc Creus Prof Thomas Ward A WHOLE nano-world to be explored!
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Protein Translocation Through Artificial Nanopores€¦ · Protein Translocation Through Artificial Nanopores Marc Creus University of Basel ERBM4 Liège Institute of Microtechnology
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Protein Translocation Through
Artificial Nanopores
Marc Creus
University of Basel
ERBM4 Liège
Institute of Microtechnology (Neuchâtel)Dr Urs StauferDr Anpan HanProf Nico de Rooij
Institute of Chemistry (Neuchâtel)Dr Marc CreusProf Thomas Ward
A WHOLE nano-world to be explored!
First patent application for Coulter Counter: 1949
US Patent granted: 1953, USPT 2656508“You cannot patent a hole!”
Wallace H. Coulter (1913-1998)Engineer, Inventor, Entrepreneur, Visionary
Application of Coulter Principle:Blood-Cell Counter
The complete blood count or “CBC” is one of the most commonly ordered diagnostic tests worldwide.
Today, ninety-eight percent of CBCsare performed on instruments using the Coulter Principle.
Micro vs Nano
10µm
1nm(e.g. diametre ofa small protein,which is10 000 x smallerthan this small cell)
“We have friends in other fields---in biology, for instance. We physicists often look at them and say, (…) ``You should use more mathematics, like we do.'' They could answer us (…) ``What you should do in order for us to make more rapid progress is to make the electron microscope 100 times better.''
Richard Feynman, December 29th 1959“There’s plenty of room at the bottom”http://www.zyvex.com/nanotech/feynman.html
Since the nano-scale corresponds to the size of
biological macromolecules, nanopores could be
useful in biochemical analyses of proteins.
~5nm
Structure of DNA
• Genetic data• Primary structure
– Polymer of A, T, C, G
• Secondary structure- B helix– Diameter
2 nm
• Tertiary structure Alberts et al.
Structure of Proteins
• Primary structure– Polymer of 20 amino acids
• Secondary structure– α-helix, β-strands, coils
• Tertiary structure
• Quaternary structure– Multi protein complex, filaments