Information and map from MrSolar.com Protecting the Box Creating and Conserving Energy for Big Box Buildings and Stadiums with Roofs By Rey Arnaldo Phillips Santos [email protected]Spring 2004 Energy Law Professor Bosselman Chicago-Kent College of Law
45
Embed
Protecting the Box Creating and Conserving Energy for Big Box Buildings and Stadiums with Roofs By Rey Arnaldo Phillips Santos [email protected] Spring.
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
• Reduce demand for baseload power plants by– Increasing amount of power produced during
peak demand– Reducing the demand for power
Photo from www.generalgrowthproperties.com/malls/photoinfo.asp?smuid=670#
Audience
• Malls• Big box stores
– Wal-Mart
– Target
– Circuit City
– Best Buy
– Etc.
• Stadiums
Information and map from MrSolar.com
Why Stadiums?
• High-Profile• Easy way to
communicate to people of all ages
• Innovative Designs• Good publicity for the
teams
Information and map from MrSolar.com
Big Box Stores
• Many of these same ideas can be applied to big box stores.
• Target is already famous for giving to schools. This would be another connection to schools and community.
• A stadium naming tie-in with a solar panel push on all stores would be big, positive publicity, plus economically and environmentally friendly
Information and map from MrSolar.com
Typical Big Box Stores
# of stores Smallest Largest
Wal-Mart 3,559 42,000 220,000
Target 1,107 125,000 175,000
Best Buy 750 20,000 45,000
Circuit City 599 15,000 45,000
Information and map from MrSolar.com
Fun with EstimatesPossible Square Footage of Flat Roofs in USA
Wal-Mart 533,850,000
Target 166,050,000
Best Buy 22,500,000
Circuit City 17,970,000
Subtotal 740,370,000
Malls 280,000,000
Total 1,020,370,000
Information and map from MrSolar.com
Conventional Flat Roofs
• Subject to large swings in temperatures that cause cracking and leaking
• Temperatures can reach 176 degrees Fahrenheit
• Last between 5 and 20 years before replacement
• Avg cost per square foot is $55 to $85
Information and map from MrSolar.com
Urban Heat Island Effect
• The predominance of dark surfaces in urban areas—from roofs, streets, parking lots—results in higher temperatures by as much as 6 to 10 degrees Fahrenheit.
• Can reduce roof surface temperatures by 60 degrees Fahrenheit
• Most basic technique – paint the roof with a reflective paint
• Many suppliers of coatings and coverings
• Some materials may be recycled, e.g. Thermoplastic Polyolefin
Information and map from MrSolar.com
Advantages
• Relatively inexpensive—many cost the same as dark-colored roofing materials
• Moderates temperatures
• Extends roof life
• Reduces Urban Heat Island Effect by reducing the total area of dark, heat-absorbing surfaces
Information and map from MrSolar.com
Disadvantages
• Short life– Reflectance reduces over time because of dirt
and weather damage
Information and map from MrSolar.com
Roofed Stadiums
• Glasgow Ibrox, Scotland
• Seats 57,000 • Renovated in 1997• Light colored roof
reflects the heat• Roof over all of the
stands protects fans from the elements
Kingston Communications Stadium, England, seating about 26,000
Roofed Stadiums
• Kingston Communications Stadium, England
• Seats 25,500• Light colored roof
reflects the heat• Angle can be directed
toward the sun for solar panels
Information and map from MrSolar.com
Roofed Stadiums
Information and map from MrSolar.com
Conclusions
• Solar– Most expensive up front cost– Incentives would help defray– Competitive over long term– Reduces risk to price volatility – Very clean– More research might improve efficiency of
panels
Information and map from MrSolar.com
Conclusions
• Green roofs– Should be incentives– Failing incentives, energy efficiency
requirements in the building code which would encourage green roofs
– More research is needed for percentage of savings
– Greatest aid to Urban Heat Island Effect reduction
Information and map from MrSolar.com
Conclusions
• Reflective roofs– Are so inexpensive that they simply make good
business sense.– No incentives should be needed, but like with
the green roofs, energy efficiency requirements could encourage them.