Prospectus News 19 MAR 2014

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WednesdayMarch 19, 2014

Volume 6, Number 9

Your source for Parkland College news, sports, features and opinions.

Human blood is blue when it’s in your veins and turns red when it hits oxygen.

(Find the answer on page 3)

Less alcohol-related issues seen during Unofficial 2014

Lifestyle - Page 3

Full Story - Page 8

Resources for undecided majors

at Parkland

20th century travel technology

in an advanced tech. world

Cobra Baseball hits the South

Featured artist: The Chain Gang of 1974

News - Page 2

Photo by Ted Setterlund/Prospectus NewsStudents began their celebrations for Unoffical during the day by dressing in green and heading out to the local bars on Green Street. The University of Illinois at Champaign-Urbana was the first college to celebrate Unofficial St. Patrick’s Day back in 1996, due to St. Patrick’s Day falling on their Spring Break.

Mace MackiewiczStaff Writer

On Friday, March 7, 2014 the University of Illinois at Champaign-Urbana students others from around the area celebrated a holiday known as Unofficial St. Patrick’s Day. The 18th annual Unofficial celebration went off with what seems to be the least amount of incidents yet, but not without at least some hitches.

Unofficial itself is celebrated on the U of I campus a week before the actual St Patrick’s day and students from surrounding universities show up and drink in excess on Friday.

Some students even begin drinking before noon and continue to drink into the early morning of the next day. This type of binge drinking has been seen as hazardous to the students and the people around them so the town has tried to regulate it and curve the event so that it would be less impactful, but it just keeps getting bigger every year.

One thing that deters some people from outside of campus from attending Unofficial is the lack of public parking on campus, with most of it being private. The threats of being towed on campus are a very real inconvenience that some people avoid it altogether.

U of I campus during the celebration was bustling with students and law officials alike. The sidewalks were crowded with people bar hopping and walking to their next party destination.

Green Street seemed to be the busiest street in town with students going between bars and restaurants as well as cops patrolling the area heavily. Springfield

and Kirby were also packed with students stumbling around in their green holiday gear. It wasn’t uncommon to see police officers talking to a group of students or the flash of lights from their patrol cars through campus.

No roads were closed this year like they were a couple of years back indicating that there weren’t really any massive parties this time blocking the roadways. Instead there were a lot of little parties scattered and usually contained throughout the campus.

One concern on Unofficial is underage people drinking which is why most bars change their rules so that customers must be 21 to get inside instead of the standard 19 and up that a lot of them hold throughout the year.

“The bars were pretty busy this year, some of them were hard to maneuver in they were so crowded. It was hard to hear what anyone was saying and there was a lot of yelling but I suppose that’s part of the fun of unofficial. The only downside though was when someone got sick it was hard to avoid,” Graphic Design major Christopher Haga said.

The bars this year were fairly restricted on what they could do on Unofficial as the mayor instituted some special rules to help with safety.

Some of the rules included bars not being able to serve alcohol in pitchers, not being able to serve alcohol at all until after 10 a.m., stricter ID checks as well as many regulations on what kind of containers alcohol could be sold and contained in.

According to a press release by the Champaign

Police Department, only 15 people were arrested this year and brought to jail on Unofficial.

There were 115 tickets given for underage drinking, and 100 tickets were given out for people who had public possession of alcohol. There were also 40 calls for ambulances during Unofficial with 27 actual transports.

“Campus actually seemed to be kind of tame at least that was my experience on Friday night walking with my friend. Although I did see quite a few police officers around that seems to be the norm during this holiday. I honestly had a lot of fun and I will probably go out again next year,” Theater major Kara Arnold said.

Communications major John Larson had a different opinion of Unofficial as a whole.

“I just don’t think it’s a very intelligent thing to do even for college kids. Spending all day drinking and getting messed up while there are cops everywhere just seems like a bad idea. I don’t think I will ever participate in unofficial if only because I don’t want to risk getting arrested,” Larson said.

Regardless of opinions on the holiday it doesn’t seem like it’s going to be going anywhere anytime soon. It has become so popular that websites and vendors sell merchandise to students for Unofficial St. Patrick’s Day and the holiday has become a major pay-day for the bars and alcohol vendors in the area.

For a press release of what happened during the Unofficial celebration on U of I’s campus, please visit http://bit.ly/1e0H0t2.

Jon Marcus and Holly K. HackerThe Hechinger Report

WASHINGTON - America’s colleges and universities are quietly shifting the burden of their big tuition increases onto low-income students, while many higher-income families are seeing their college costs rise more slowly, or even fall, an analysis of federal data shows.

It’s a trend financial aid experts and some university administrators worry will further widen the gap between the nation’s rich and poor as college degrees - especially four-year ones - drift beyond the economic reach of growing numbers of students.

“We’re just exacerbating the income inequalities and educational achievement gaps,” said Deborah Santiago, co-founder and vice president of Excelencia in Education, a nonprofit group that advocates for Latino and other students.

The shift also runs contrary to an Obama administration push to make a

college education more affordable for low-income students. At a White House summit in January, college leaders and others promised to find ways to make degrees more accessible for the less affluent.

In fact, lower-income and working-class students at private colleges and universities have seen the amount they pay, after grants and scholarships, increase faster than the amount their middle- and upper-income classmates pay, according to an analysis of data that institutions are required to report to the U.S. Department of Education.

The net price - the total annual cost of tuition, fees, room, board, books and other expenses, minus federal, state and institutional scholarships and grants - rose for all students by an average of $1,100 at public and $1,500 at private universities between the 2008-09 and 2011-12 academic years, the most recent period for which the figures are available.

At private universities, students

in the lowest income group saw the biggest dollar increase over that period: about $1,700, after adjusting for inflation, according to the analysis by The Dallas Morning News, The Hechinger Report and the Education Writers Association. Higher-income students paid more overall, but their costs rose more slowly - an inflation-adjusted average of about $850 for middle-income families and $1,200 for those in the top income group.

At private research universities, including many of the nation’s most elite, the net price rose by an average of $2,700 for the poorest families - those with incomes under $30,000 a year - compared with $1,400 for their higher-income classmates. Those averages are also adjusted for inflation, and the sample is limited to students who received any federal aid.

Experts and advocates concede that, as tuition spirals ever higher, even more affluent families need help paying for it, making the situation far

more complex.Wealthier students still pay more for

college educations, on average. But to help colleges maintain enrollment numbers, keep revenue rolling in and raise standings in annual rankings, these students are getting billions of dollars in discounts and institutional financial aid that many critics say should go instead to their lower-income classmates.

College costs rising more rapidly for poorer students, analysis shows

Illustration by Rick Nease/Detroit Free

See COST on P. 5

Student Government

candidatestatements

NewsProspectus News Wednesday, March 19, 2014 Page 2www.prospectusnews.com

Student Government candidate statementsThese statements are being published as submitted by the candidates. No edits have been made.

Abby VanderklootRunning for President

Hello, my name is Abby Vanderkloot and I am running for Student Government President for the 2014-2015 school year. This past year I served as Treasurer and had a great experience. As a member of Student Government I was able to attend a leadership conference that gave me a better understanding of the leadership role.

Next year I want to see Student Government become more widely known about in the college and get more involved in college-wide events.

As Treasurer, I was able to co-run the Cookies and Concerns event in which we received suggestions from our student body. Doing this gave me a better insight of what I believe students desire on our campus. I want to increase my responsibilities from Treasurer to working with the administration at Parkland to make your experiences as a student at Parkland more enjoyable.

With my previous experience as the class president for three years at Monticello High School, I was able to create a better environment for all students by working with the administration at the high school.

I would love to have another opportunity at a leadership role that would give me more experience for our future here at Parkland College.

Tara WelchRunning for Vice President

My name is Tara Welch and I am currently a senator for Parkland College’s Student Government. My first year with this organization was educational, exciting, and all around fun! It is because of my first year experience that I am interested in running for Vice President. Being a senator, I was able to learn things I loved and things that I would like to see changed around Parkland. My main goal as your Vice President would be to increase the involvement in student life; this can range anywhere from Chess Club to Parkland’s basketball team. We, as students, go to one of the top 5 junior colleges in the nation and I find it sad that our own students don’t even know about organizations like Student Government and that the stands are bare at home sporting events. As Vice President, my goal would be to increase knowledge about the incredible clubs and activities that Parkland has to offer in hopes of seeing an increase in involvement. If I were to become Parkland’s Student Government Vice President, I would love to represent YOU! I hope to represent all students at Parkland and their opinions. Your concerns are our concerns! Aside from being a senator, I am a member of Parkland’s Speech and Debate Team, a member of the club Great Minds, and am also the Student Representative for the Smoking Task Force. This means that I can represent and put forth your opinions about smoking here on

campus! As your Vice President, I would like to increase all student life involvement, represent your opinions, and make Parkland an all around better place to be!

James TinsleyRunning for Student Trustee

Friends and fellow colleagues, it has been my honor over the past six months to have served as your Student Senator here at Parkland College. The opportunity I received from you, the student body, gave me a life experience I may not have received elsewhere. You trusted me with a responsibility and duty that I am truly proud to serve. To show my appreciation I would like to continue serving that duty and responsibility in which you have trusted me with by humbly stepping down from the Student Senator position and confidently entering as a candidate for Student Trustee.

Before choosing this decision, I researched the true duties of a trustee’s obligation. To my findings I discovered a trustee’s duty is to defend the trust of one’s appointee. He/she is also always to conduct matters in the interest of the beneficiaries. As a Student Senator I am also a member of the Committee of Campus Concerns. While conducting a “Cookies and Concerns” event, I was able to receive an insight from the student body of suggestions and concerns that I believe will be relevant to my agenda as Trustee. With your trust and support behind me, James B. Tinsley, I will administer, to the best of my ability, an agenda suited to fit the trust and incentives of you, the Parkland Student.

Kaibin ChenRunning for Senator

I’m a Chinese student and I want to apply the senator of student government because I want to help students gain their rights and change something that are faulty. It is also a good opportunity for me to enhance my leadership ability. I think more and more international students will come to Parkland College in the future, so it is important to consider about the problems that this big group face. Student government is an institution which represents the whole students no matter native or international students. As an international student, I believe I can offer more constructive proposals.

Jose AlzaibarRunning for Senator

Parkland College is my second home here in America. Right now it is the center for everything I do: I work here, I study here, and also meet new friends. Any sort of social in teraction in my life right now goes through Parkland College. The point has come where I want to give something back, not only to Parkland College itself but to the community that comprises and inhabits its walls as well. I want to be able to represent the interests of the students that make life here and to be able to act in their favor. I work in Student Life, the place where most enrolled and even prospective students come to find a solution for their problems or have their doubts cleared. Working for Student Life has given me a unique prospective regarding how Parkland works to solve issues. This varied and in depth experience of the “insides” of Parkland coupled with previous experience as a student leader in Venezuela as a campus coordinator for Students for Liberty has prepared me to be an active member and leader for the student body here at Parkland. Lastly I am a libertarian, so I will be on the lookout for government excess or unnecessary imposition or intrusion into the regular lives and activities of everyone. I wish to keep an efficient and helpful government.

Lifeng ZhangRunning for Senator

I am interesting in Student Government and I want to be a senator this semester. In China, I used to be class monitor and officer of student union, so I believe I am able to be a good officer of Student Government. My friend, Chao Huang, who worked at Student Government before, told me Student Government is a good place to make friends and practice my English, as well as improve my leadership.

I just been America less than 8 months, so I want to make more friends and improve my English. What’s more, leadership is a very important for me because owning an own company is one of my dreams. I hope I can get this wonderful chance to improve myself. At last but not least, if the Student Government has me, it will be better.

Maisam YousefRunning for Treasurer

Hello, My name is Maisam Yousef and I have decided to run for the seat of Treasurer for this year. Some of my goals if given this opportunity would be to help the Parkland student body financially become more progressive. I went to Centennial and graduated from Central high school. I have past experiences with, the Eco club, Peer jury, Peer mediation and mostly Interact club. While in these clubs, I gained an understanding of how an organization budgets when it comes to planning functions and events. With that along with my experience as a Senator, I believe my qualities will fit relevantly with the position of treasurer.

Madelyn Witruk Running for Secretary

My name is Madelyn Witruk and I am running to become Secretary of Parkland’s Student Government. Some quick facts about me are that I am currently majoring in Art & Design, I have two part time jobs, one at Carle Convenient Care and another at the Parkland Library, and I have a thing for volunteering. Having been an active member in student council in high school and holding executive positions on council like Secretary and Co-President, I became interested in continuing in this type of an organization while at Parkland. Thus, this time last year I ran for, and became elected, a Senator position on Parkland’s Student Government. Now that a year has passed, I have decided that I want to take on a more active role in the group. If elected to the position of Secretary, my goals are to somewhat revamp the position. Social networking is a very important factor of the lives of college students today, so why not make everything that we do in student government accessible to you and all the other students of parkland through Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, etc. Some of you may already follow the student government twitter account, which right now is ran by a few of the members of the group. I would like to take a lead role in the action to make sure the students know what is going on in the “behind the scenes” stuff that we do in student government. After all, we are supposed to be a group that represents parkland college students as a whole.

LifestyleProspectus News Wednesday, March 19, 2014 Page 3www.prospectusnews.com

Mackenzie EisenmannStaff Writer

Some people know from a young age what career they want, so choosing a college major is an easy task. For others, the decision of choosing what they want to do for their career is a daunting choice that has left them struggling for an answer during their first two years at college.

Business Administration major Benie Kukosama explained that she always knew what she wanted to do.

“Ever since I was a little girl, I always wanted to be in business and travel the world to meet new people,” Kukosama said.

For others, choosing a major is a much more difficult process, taking years of deliberation. Many students begin college without having any idea what major they will choose.

Fortunately, Parkland College has plenty of resources available for students with undecided majors. Students with undeclared majors can visit the Career Center in room 175 in the A Wing for guidance. Its hours are 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. Monday through Friday.

When a student visits the Career Center seeking help with choosing a major, they will get assigned to an advisor. The student will take a career aptitude test to assess their interests, strengths and preferences. The student is then able to discuss their results with their advisor, who can suggest majors and careers best fit to the student.

Hundreds of career aptitude tests can be found with a quick Google search, but Sandy Spencer, an advisor at the Parkland Career Center, explained why visiting the Career Center is more helpful than simply taking an online test.

“When you take a career test online, you lose the opportunity to interact with a real person. We take into consideration a student’s aspirations as well as their test results and are able to actively discuss the results with you and map out a career plan,” Spencer said.

Parkland is hosting a job fair on Thursday, April 10, 2014 from 1:30 p.m. to 5:30 p.m. in the Dodds Athletic Center at Parkland College. During the job fair, students will get the

opportunity to network with local businesses and learn about present and future job openings as well as discover what each company is looking for in a prospective employee.

As of February 28, there were 36 employers registered to have booths at the job fair, ranging from the Urbana Park District to Busey Bank.

The Job Fair page on Parkland’s website offers advice on how to make the most of

the experience. It suggests researching the companies that will be present at the job fair, having questions ready to ask the companies and preparing a 15 second sales pitch for yourself. A sales pitch should include the student’s name, education, skills and experience.

Students planning to attend the job fair should make sure to wear professional clothing, which means no jeans, t-shirts, or hooded sweatshirts.

Students should also remember to bring a notebook and pencil to the job fair for taking notes, as well as an updated resume to give to employers students are interested in.

For help on perfecting your resume, visit the Career Center at A175 or call 217-351-2536. To find more information about the job fair, see the list of businesses signed up, and read helpful job fair tips, please visit http://goo.gl/Dn2cmU.

Resources for undecided majors at Parkland

Illustration by Doug Griswold/San Jose Mercury News

Fact or Fiction? FICTION: Human blood is never blue. It’s either dark red or bright red depending

on the oxygen level. It appears blue under the skin because of the color of the veins

it travels through.

Show current ID and receive $10 off

application fee at Westgate Apartments

1600 W. Bradley Ave. Champaign, IL

Open M-F 9am - 5:30pm, Sat. 10am - 4pm

Ken SmithStaff Writer

Spring break is right around the corner, and when students get back there are only four weeks of class before final exams. These remaining weeks are often filled with semester projects, papers, and exams that typically make up a higher portion of students’ grades over the course of the semester. Making the extra effort now is the key to academic success.

With all the extra points, this is the perfect opportunity to improve class grades, even if the first part of the semester didn’t go so well. Here are a few tips to help make final exam preparation more effective with less effort.

“Make your own study notes or review sheets prior to each exam, then re-use them when preparing for finals,” Parkland peer tutor Leo Oh said. “This will save time and effort during the crunch before the end of the semester and improve retention.”

Making review sheets is a very common review technique used throughout the semester by students and instructors alike. It’s the making of the review sheet, more so than the actual review of the material, that provides the real benefit as it forces a student to really assess their knowledge.

“Despite what most people think, devoting large amounts of time to studying for final exams aren’t really not necessary,” Parkland peer tutor Amanda Manaster said. “Taking just a little bit of time when reviewing and spending just 20 minutes a day on past topics can cover a lot of material when spread out over four weeks.”

Regardless of the study method a student chooses, at least one point all ‘A’ students agree on is to start studying early and not wait until the week of finals to begin. This is really made possible by exercising good time management skills, which are essential during the end of semester.

“With only four weeks remaining, use a syllabus to plan out the rest of the semester because time management is key, as most points are awarded after midterm it’s critical to do well,” Omar Adawi, tutoring coordinator for the Center for Academic Success said. “Making a master schedule to include project due dates, exams and any final papers or presentations will show exactly how much time is available to study and when it needs to be done”

Sometimes time management is not always enough, and extra help is needed, making use of instructor’s office hours is always a wise idea. Students can also get extra help in a wide range of topics in Parklands peer tutoring lab in room D-120.

“For complicated subjects or concepts, have someone else who understands the topic well explain the idea in their own words,” Parkland peer tutor Joe Lasser said. “Hearing things explained in different ways will paint a more complete picture, resulting in a more thorough understanding of an idea.”

Working with others is a good method to stay on track while studying, and listening to different perspectives can often crystallize understanding. Just remember to pick study partners who has similar academic goals in mind when it comes to studying as a non focused individual can be more of a distraction

to productive review rather than adding to the cooperative effort.

One good way to avoid distractions during this sprint to the finish, to stay focused, and avoid wasting time is to ask, “Will what I’m doing right now matter in five years?” For some students, hard work now could translate into a dream job or an outstanding career, and maybe even grad school.

“Make sure past material is well understood so you can concentrate on new topics during these last few weeks,” Brian Smith, professor in Mathematics said. “It is difficult to apply new ideas when foundational ones are lacking.”

Since Parkland is not a research based educational institution, the instructors and professors here at Parkland really are focused on student learning. Upon returning from spring break students should ask their instructors where they are in the class in terms of points and grades.

Students should also double check with instructors as to what assignments are coming up and how many points are available to determine what might be needed to jump up to the next grade level. While these last few weeks can provide a great opportunity to improve scores, make sure expectations are realistic. A student performing at a C-minus level would be hard pressed to end up with and ‘A’, but a student with a ‘B’ average has a real chance to improve his score with the appropriate effort.

This is not to discourage students from trying, considering some classes a lost cause, just remember to direct your effort where it will be most effective. Getting straight ‘B’s is

usually better than a mix of ‘A’s and ‘C’s, devote the extra effort to classes that are nearest to the next grade level to achieve the maximum GPA with the least amount of effort.

When seeking acceptance at a four year institution, no single bit of information is more important than a students grades. So buckle down, get serious, and work hard and celebrate after the semester is over! For more information about study tips, preparation for finals, or for questions in general go to the center for academic success in D-120.

Study skills part two: Finishing the semester strong

Illustration by Gary Markstein/Milwaukee Journal-Sentinel

OpinionsPage 4 - Wednesday, March 19, 2014 Prospectus Newswww.prospectusnews.com

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Prospectus News staff:

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All unused issues of Prospectus News are donated to the Parkland

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Humane Society.

Photo by Oliver Douliery/KRT US News DULLES, VA -- Officials at Washington’s Dulles International Airport use biometric technologies to photograph and fingerprint visitors to the United States on Monday, January

5, 2004.

Martin SchramMcClatchy-Tribune News Service

Pull yourself away from the nonstop TV news about the lost Malaysia Airlines Flight 370 for just a few minutes. Let’s look back at what we’ve just learned about our 21st-century selves.

We are surrounded by our personal high-tech indulgences and necessities. We drive cars with OnStar technology that enables someone to locate us every moment.

Our GPS devices enable us to find any place, any time. Our smartphones, tablets and laptops can talk to one another anywhere on Earth via Wi-Fi that links with orbiting satellites and stores data in clouds, for goodness sake.

But we are hunting for Malaysia Flight 370 almost the same way we hunted for Amelia Earhart’s plane.

Radar technology is basically old and hasn’t helped much. The airplane’s transponder (that at least tells the ground where it is) was manually turned off or at least stopped functioning in mid-flight.

So the experts have told us it comes down to this: The only sure way we’ll know what happened to the plane is to first find it.

Then maybe we’ll find the black box that can tell us what really happened to

the plane. Or maybe not.And we’ve found one more tech gap

that’s perhaps even more off-putting (see also: terrifying).

In many exotic places around the planet, we are still protecting ourselves from the possibility that evil-doers may be traveling with fake identities and stolen passports about as well as we protected ourselves in the run-up to Sept. 11, 2001.

Malaysia Airlines employees apparently failed to check manually their daily worldwide list of stolen passports and compare them with their Flight 370 manifest.

Now we know two passengers were not the Europeans their passports said they were - they were Iranians, using passports the world knew were stolen in Thailand.

Whoa. What the hell is the matter with us?

Why haven’t our leaders and experts done a better job of safeguarding us with 21st-century travel technology when we fly? And, since we are asking, why haven’t those of us in the news media - who play roles of watchdogs and agenda-setters - alerted the post-9/11 world to these gaps?

Let’s start with the stolen passports, because that should be easy to fix. If you lose your ticket to a concert or football game, you can tell authorities and no

one will be able to enter the theater or stadium with your lost/stolen ticket.

Airline computer systems must be reprogrammed so passengers using stolen passports will be automatically red-flagged and prevented from boarding a plane. It can be done - now. Our safety cannot depend upon an airline employee’s human error, laziness or criminal indifference.

Now, about those black boxes. It is absurd that the world was put into a position where it has no reliable info on where Malaysia Airlines plane was flying when it went down.

But we also now know that there is far more we can do. On Tuesday, March 11, The Washington Post’s Brian Fung published an important and informative article that showed us there is more world and airline industry officials can and should be doing.

While airlines in the United States are required to have an emergency locator transmitter, the International Civil Aviation Organization, which sets global standards for emergency locator transmitters, cannot mandate that all countries require their use in airlines.

“The Federal Aviation Administration wants to transition to a next-generation air traffic control system that uses satellites to keep tabs on planes,” Fung reported. The

new technology, replacing our World War II era’s radar technology, is called “Next Gen. Satellites” and can monitor wide expanses including oceans. It can work along with another system called “automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast,” in planes can use satellites to transmit system information instantly back to air controllers.

In the meantime, of course, passengers could have used cellphones to transmit info instantaneously via Wi-Fi, except for one problem. Their Malaysia Airlines plane didn’t have Wi-Fi.

All of this could have already been put into practice if our leaders had taken the initiative. And that might have happened if our agenda-setters in the media had recognized the importance of their work.

But we are all lagging. That informative piece by the Post’s Fung wasn’t even a news story. It was a blog, titled “The Switch.” Since readers may never have spotted online, the newspaper’s editors at least reprinted it Tuesday - in a narrow one-column-wide strip on page A13.

If that important piece had run at the top of Page One, who knows? Maybe even members of Congress might have read it and been motivated to act on it.

---(c) 2014, McClatchy-Tribune

20th-century travel technology in an advanced tech. world

Jack ShakelyLos Angeles Times

You’ve probably never heard of donor-advised funds, but they are taking over the philanthropic world.

It all started as a matter of economics. A million dollars to most of us is a lot of money. But as start-up cash for a philanthropic foundation it’s chump change. A million-dollar foundation can easily cost more to run than it gives away.

So an alternative was created by the IRS to give modest philanthropic efforts a cheaper, easier path to existence, bundling them together under an umbrella nonprofit for investment and management. A donor-advised fund offered the wannabe philanthropist the same tax deductions as a foundation but without the red tape and with maximum donor control. No annual disbursement was required; no annual report either. The money can come in and go out whenever, however and to whomever the donor likes.

Call it foundation lite. It’s swiftly becoming the philanthropic delivery system of choice for the wealthy.

In February, the Chronicle of Philanthropy unveiled its 2013 list of America’s top givers to charity. For the first time in history, the top living donors, Mark Zuckerberg and his wife, Priscilla Chan, gave their money ($996 million) to a donor-advised fund set up with the Silicon Valley Community Foundation.

They were followed by donor couple

No. 2, John and Laura Arnold ($296 million). The Arnolds, who have a traditional foundation, nonetheless put some of their largesse into a “giving account” with the Fidelity Charitable Gift Fund, a collection of donor-advised funds run by Fidelity Investments. Just a few clicks down the list was Alfred Mann’s $70 million gift to his donor-advised fund in the Nevada Community Foundation.

These figures, impressive as they are, could be seen as an anomaly and not an indicator of a philanthropic revolution. But there’s more. Fidelity Charitable, for example, is now the second-largest nonprofit organization in the United States - bigger than the Boy Scouts, bigger than the Red Cross, bigger than the Salvation Army. Another similar donor-advised fund manager, the Schwab Charitable Fund, raised more money last year than Harvard.

It was Fidelity, in fact, that kick-started the revolution. When the IRS first established donor-advised funds, they were the philanthropic stepchildren of community foundations, whose boards and staffs considered them something of a nuisance. Ned Johnson, the canny founder of Fidelity, saw them as an opportunity to invest billions of charity dollars. He trained his staff to tout the advantages for donors and ran full-page ads in Time, New Yorker and Smithsonian magazines. Money poured into Fidelity, to copycat efforts at other investment houses, and to community foundations too.

Not that there hasn’t been a

backlash. The most common complaint, leveled by Boston College Law School’s Ray Madoff and others, is that without minimum-disbursement rules and reporting requirements, donor-advised funds have the potential to become shadowy charity warehouses, allowing a Mark Zuckerberg to get a tax deduction immediately, and then take years or even decades to distribute the funds to charity.

In fact, those fears appear to be unfounded. According to a recent study conducted by the National Philanthropic Trust, a provider of donor-advised funds, around 11 percent of the assets in such funds are disbursed every year, more than double the 5 percent payout requirement of private foundations. By law, once a donor gives money to a donor-advised fund, it may never be retrieved and must be spent only for philanthropic purposes. Besides, why someone would give away a dollar just to get a tax deduction of, at most, 39 cents defies logic. Zuckerberg isn’t putting aside a billion dollars to a donor-advised fund just to sit on it.

There are some drawbacks, however. Donor-advised funds put a thumb on the scale of the always precarious

balance of power between grant seeker and donor. They don’t publish mission statements or set up application procedures, which leaves nonprofits and individuals no easy way to target funding sources or make their appeal.

As a career fundraiser, I learned that people cannot be forced to be charitable, but it helps to remove the barriers to giving. Donor-advised funds are an easy in, easy out way to give away money.

Love it or hate it, the philanthropic revolution is on and donor-advised funds are winning.

--- (c)2014 Los Angeles Times

Philanthropic revolution for charity-givers

Illustration by Tim Lee/The News & Observer

Prospectus News Wednesday, March 19, 2014 - Page 5www.prospectusnews.com Sports

Alex WallnerSports Writer

As winter turns to spring at Parkland College and the snow slowly melts away, America’s greatest pastime begins.

The Parkland Baseball Team began the 2014 year ranked fourteenth in the country. The first weekend of the season had the Cobras traveling to Millington, Tennessee, where the team faced some very tough competition.

The Cobras opened up their campaign with a 5-4 loss to Iowa Central Community College, where Iowa Central hit an eventual game-winning home run in the bottom of the eighth inning.

Later that day, Parkland faced the now ninth ranked Southeastern Community College, losing eleven to three, a game that went nine innings and where the Cobras used seven pitchers.

The Tennessee trip would not get much easier as the Cobras next would face now eighteenth ranked Lackawanna College, losing 10-9 in the team’s second extra inning affair.

The final two games of the season saw the Cobras lose two more heartbreakers, an eight to seven loss to Century College and a 7-6 loss to Gloucester County College, which ended in 11 innings, the Cobras third extra inning game of the trip.

After a few days of preparation back in Champaign, the team then traveled down to Florida, for their annual week long business trip.

Playing down south not only gets the team away from the cold weather of Illinois, but gives the team some much needed experience heading into the middle and end of the season.

“Florida has helped us because the majority of the teams we play are nationally ranked whether it be division one, two, or three junior college,” general studies student Alex Lesiak said. “We played the defending division three junior college champions. There is a bunch of tough competition down here.”

Lesiak explained that playing in the warmth of Florida made a huge difference because it helped the players and even the coaching staff feel more positive.

It was also during this Florida trip that the baseball team saw quality pitching for the first time. The Cobras were also finally able to start throwing outside on the grass and turf instead of throwing on indoor mounds to fight the cold weather their home practices competed with.

With 23 freshmen on the team, this year’s unit is much younger than last year. Though young,

this team is returning 13 players from last year so the experience is still there.

Former Champaign Centennial pitcher and current Business Administration major Jeff Lavin admitted that the change from high school to college was difficult.

“The biggest difference is the level of intensity, since the first day I was on campus

to now, I have done something baseball related every day, compared to high school where it was a sport that was worked on February through July,” Lavin said.

Since the start of their Florida trip, the Cobras have seen a lot of improvement, winning five games, including the last three in a row, and losing only one.

Lavin explained that it’s the start of the season that he is looking forward to the most and the wins he hopes the team can earn.

“I am looking forward to playing on a highly recognized team and hopefully compete for a national title,” Lavin commented.

Coming into the season ranked in the top 15 nationally is a big step for this very young team, as the expectations are high which can put a lot of pressure on the Cobras.

But this pressure is something that the team can hopefully surpass in order to perform their best during games.

“This group has one goal and that’s to make it to nationals,” Lesiak said. “It’s been a couple years since that’s happened and I know we have the depth in the field and the mound for sure to make that happen.”

General studies student Marvin Campos feels like this year could be a great year for Cobra Baseball considering the amount of talent that this year’s team has.

“We do have high expectations for this year. The team is complete with everything,” Campos said. “We have good starting pitchers, a solid infield and great hitters that can make this team compete for a national title.”

Campos also added that the chemistry and leadership that this team has, especially by the sophomores makes this team much more special.

The baseball team concludes their Florida trip with a matchup against Itasca Community

College on Saturday, March 15, 2014 before returning home to play region opponent Spoon River on Sat., March 22 at 1 p.m., the Cobra’s first of 12 home games this season.

For more information on Parkland College’s Baseball Team, please visit http://www.parkland.edu/athletics/baseball.

Cobra baseball hits the south

Illustration by Neil Nakahodo/The Kansas City Star

“Schools are talking out of both sides of their mouths,” said Stephen Burd, a senior policy analyst at the New America Foundation, a nonprofit think tank. “They say that they support access, but in general they’re giving more and more of their aid to higher-income students.”

Burd calls the practice “affirmative action for the rich.”

Financial aid officials say higher-income families have learned to work this system, pitting institutions against one another to negotiate for even more discounts, while also capturing a lopsided share of outside scholarships.

This phenomenon is occurring even as colleges and universities contend they’re less and less able to help low-income families financially. Higher-income families also disproportionately benefit from tuition tax breaks and an outdated formula for the taxpayer-supported federal work-study program.

If this really is an era of tight resources, then we need to make every dollar count,” said Julie Strawn, a former senior fellow at the Center for Postsecondary and Economic Success. Instead, Strawn says, “We’re pitting groups of students against each other, most of them from families that make less than $30,000 a year, on the premise that there just isn’t enough money to invest in low-income people going to college.”

Just as airline passengers pay varying prices for the same trip, college students often pay different prices for the same degree.

Until a few years ago, that information was hard or impossible to find. Now, colleges and universities must annually disclose their so-called “net price,” which is what families are left to cover through savings, loans, work study and private scholarships from civic groups and other sources.

The most recent data for the University of Notre Dame, for instance, show that the poorest students, defined as coming from families with annual incomes below $30,000, paid an average net price of just over $15,000 per year. Students with family incomes between $48,000 and $75,000 paid more, around $18,500. And families that earn more than $110,000 paid the most, about $37,500.

Over the four years the data were collected,

however, the net price for Notre Dame’s poorest freshmen more than doubled, from about $7,300 in 2008-09 to $15,100 in 2011-12, while it declined slightly for students in higher-income groups.

Some colleges and universities dispute the government’s formula for determining net price, which takes into account only students who receive so-called Title IV financial aid, and only the earnings of custodial parents. Many say they use a different calculation that, among other things, is based on total assets and the incomes of both parents, even if they’re divorced.

There are shortcomings with these figures - most notably that they take into account only full-time, first-year students who receive federal financial aid. At Notre Dame, as an example, that means just under half of all freshmen are included. Still, the data offer the most comprehensive and transparent look at what students of varying financial means really pay. And because the government’s net-price figures have been calculated consistently over the years, they’re the best available measure of how financing patterns are changing.

Colleges and universities last year gave about $8.3 billion in so-called merit aid to students whose family incomes were too high for them to qualify for government-issued Pell Grants, the College Board reports. Pell eligibility varies based on such things as whether students are dependent on their parents and go to school full time or part time and the cost of their tuition. Three-quarters of Pell recipients come from families that make $30,000 or less per year.

That means public and private colleges and universities are spending more of their financial aid budgets trying to lure higher-income students, whose families earn much more than $30,000 a year, than on meeting the financial needs of low-income ones, according to a 2011 report from the U.S. Department of Education.

The colleges do this because dividing even a little money among several higher-income students means each of their families will pay the rest - filling more seats at a time when enrollments are declining, and keeping much-needed revenue coming in - while giving that same amount to a single low-income student would result in a loss to the bottom line.

Better-off students tend to come from better-funded high schools and also typically bring the kinds of entrance-test scores and grade-point

averages that make colleges look better in those annual rankings than do students from poorer districts.

The result is that, since 1995, the proportion of students receiving merit aid has overtaken the proportion that gets need-based aid, nearly doubling from 24 percent to 44 percent at private institutions, and more than doubling at taxpayer-supported public universities, from 8 percent to 18 percent, according to that 2011 U.S. Department of Education report.

Some universities concede that they use merit aid to improve their academic standings. “As an institution with a rising academic reputation and building selectivity, we do use merit strategies to employ scholarship dollars,” said Melissa Connolly, spokeswoman for Hofstra University in New York, where students whose families earn $30,000 a year or less face an average net price of about $26,800, while their wealthier classmates have seen their costs drop by about $1,100 to roughly $31,600.

“There are good arguments for institutions to make limited and judicious use of merit aid,” the University of Southern California’s Center for Enrollment Research, Policy and Practice and the Education Conservancy jointly warned as early as 2011. But “the practice has grown to the point of significantly reducing the funds to qualified students from lower-income households who could benefit from a college education.”

Universities are increasingly picking more affluent students. Federal figures show that students from families earning more than $100,000 a year got an average of $10,200 in institutional financial aid, while students from families earning less than $20,000 got an average of $8,000. Because more low-income students also receive federal Pell Grants, this difference suggests that colleges are leaving it to taxpayers to subsidize the people at the

bottom, while they use their own financial aid to court families higher up the income ladder.

“Institutions are really allocating resources to attract those not full-paying, but close to full-paying students to secure the revenue they need,” said Laura Perna, a professor at the University of Pennsylvania’s Graduate School of Education and an expert on higher education financing. “As any rational actor, they’re making decisions in their own self-interest, but those are not necessarily in the public interest.”

To see how a university or college has raised its net price, based on income, visit http://www.tuitiontracker.org/

(This story was produced by the Hechinger Report, a nonprofit education-news outlet affiliated with Teachers College, Columbia University, in collaboration with the Dallas Morning News.)

---(c)2014 The Hechinger Report

COSTcontinued from page 1

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