Promoting Physical Promoting Physical Activity Activity in Jamaica in Jamaica Dr Deanna Ashley Dr Deanna Ashley
Feb 14, 2016
Promoting Physical Promoting Physical ActivityActivity
in Jamaicain JamaicaDr Deanna AshleyDr Deanna Ashley
Healthy Lifestyle ProgrammeHealthy Lifestyle Programme
Baseline Lifestyle Survey conducted yr Baseline Lifestyle Survey conducted yr 20002000
Healthy Lifestyle Policy andHealthy Lifestyle Policy and Strategic Plan approved yr Strategic Plan approved yr
20042004 Programme implementation initiated Programme implementation initiated
2004/052004/05 Repeat Life Style Survey conducted yr Repeat Life Style Survey conducted yr
2008 2008
BackgroundBackground Jamaican Healthy Lifestyle Survey Jamaican Healthy Lifestyle Survey
2000-2001 2000-2001 (15-74(15-74 yrs oldyrs old) showed ) showed prevalence estimate ofprevalence estimate of Hypertension 20.8%Hypertension 20.8% Diabetes mellitus 7.2% Diabetes mellitus 7.2% Obesity 19.7%Obesity 19.7% Wilks et al 2002Wilks et al 2002
These health conditions are associated These health conditions are associated with a high economic cost with a high economic cost 33
3Ward E and Grant A, 2003
Lifestyle Survey 2007/08 -Study DesignLifestyle Survey 2007/08 -Study Design Wilks et al Wilks et al
Nationally representative cross-sectional Nationally representative cross-sectional surveysurvey
Interviewer administered questionnaireInterviewer administered questionnaire Target Group: 15- 74 year oldsTarget Group: 15- 74 year olds Field Work: November 2007 - March 2008Field Work: November 2007 - March 2008 Sample size: 2914Sample size: 2914
Changes in Nutritional Changes in Nutritional Status: 2000-2008Status: 2000-2008
Nutritional StatusNutritional Status JHLS-2000JHLS-2000 JHLSII-2008JHLSII-2008Nutritional StatusNutritional Status JHLS-2000(CI)JHLS-2000(CI) JHLSII-2008(CI)JHLSII-2008(CI)
Underweight Underweight (<18.5kg/m(<18.5kg/m22)) 4.9(3.4-6.4)4.9(3.4-6.4) 4.7(3.9- 5.6)4.7(3.9- 5.6)
Normal Normal (18.5-24.99 kg/m(18.5-24.99 kg/m22)) 49.4(46.2-52.5)49.4(46.2-52.5) 43.6 (40.8- 46.3)43.6 (40.8- 46.3)
OverweightOverweight(25-29.99 kg/m(25-29.99 kg/m22)) 26.1(23.5-28.7)26.1(23.5-28.7) 26.4 (24.5- 28.6)26.4 (24.5- 28.6)
Obese Obese (≥30 kg/m(≥30 kg/m22))****** 19.7(17.4-22.0)19.7(17.4-22.0) 25.3 (22.8- 27.4)25.3 (22.8- 27.4)
Increased WCIncreased WC 35.6 (32.8-38.5)35.6 (32.8-38.5) 45.2(43.3-47.1)45.2(43.3-47.1)***P< 0.001
Changes in PAL of Changes in PAL of Jamaicans in Seven YearsJamaicans in Seven Years
Nutritional Status & Nutritional Status & Activity LevelsActivity Levels
SummarySummary Almost 40% of Jamaicans Almost 40% of Jamaicans
reported having low physical reported having low physical activity levelsactivity levels
Obesity appears to be the driver Obesity appears to be the driver of this epidemicof this epidemic
Work Place Study 2003Work Place Study 2003 Ashley Ashley D.V. et alD.V. et al
Sample taken from 2 Private Sector Sample taken from 2 Private Sector CompaniesCompanies
Public Sector Health WorkersPublic Sector Health Workers
MOH vs. Private Sector Mean BMI MOH vs. Private Sector Mean BMI and Waist Circumferenceand Waist Circumference
ANTROPOMETRYANTROPOMETRY MOHMOH Private Private sectorsector
BMI (Kg/m2)BMI (Kg/m2) 26.0026.00 25.1225.12Waist Waist CircumfereCircumferencence(cm)(cm)
FemalFemalee
84.4884.48 77.4077.40
MaleMale 88.8388.83 87.0687.06
Self – reported Frequency of Exercise Taken for Self – reported Frequency of Exercise Taken for
>30mins>30mins Frequency Vigorous (%) Moderate (%)
Daily 3.9 24.3 3-6/week 14.2 20.4
1-3 /week 18.4 19.92-4 /month 6.4 6.4
1-3 /month 5.2 6.2
Once/month 18.1 10.3Never 33.8 12.5
Physical Activity Level – Staff at Physical Activity Level – Staff at High Risk for CVDHigh Risk for CVD
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
High Moderate Low Sedentary
Level of Physical Activity
Per
cent
age
MaleFemale
Factors Influencing Physical Activity Factors Influencing Physical Activity BehaviourBehaviour
Lack of Motivation (44%)Lack of Motivation (44%)Lack of Support (34%)Lack of Support (34%)Safety (31%)Safety (31%)Lack of Time (44%)Lack of Time (44%)Affordability (43%)Affordability (43%)Lack of Habit 22%)Lack of Habit 22%)Sedentary leisure activities (88%) Sedentary leisure activities (88%)
Integrated Healthy Lifestyle Integrated Healthy Lifestyle Programme Programme
St. Ann’s Bay H/CSt. Ann’s Bay H/CDr. Calixto Orozco MuDr. Calixto Orozco Muññoz et. aloz et. al
ObjectiveObjective To assess the impact of an integrated Healthy To assess the impact of an integrated Healthy
Lifestyle Programme on the Management of Lifestyle Programme on the Management of Chronic DiseasesChronic Diseases
Integrated Healthy Lifestyle Integrated Healthy Lifestyle Programme Programme
St. Ann’s Bay H/CSt. Ann’s Bay H/C
Target group :Target group : Patients attending the Chronic Disease Patients attending the Chronic Disease
ClinicClinic No. of participants 122No. of participants 122 58% were over age of 60 yrs58% were over age of 60 yrs
Integrated Healthy Lifestyle Integrated Healthy Lifestyle Programme – St. Ann’s Bay H/CProgramme – St. Ann’s Bay H/C
Methods Methods Two Year Integrated Lifestyle Two Year Integrated Lifestyle
Programme (August 2002-September Programme (August 2002-September 2004):2004): Health PromotionHealth Promotion PreventionPrevention Curative CareCurative Care RehabilitationRehabilitation Exercise ProgrammeExercise Programme
Integrated Healthy Lifestyle Integrated Healthy Lifestyle Programme Programme
St. Ann’s Bay H/CSt. Ann’s Bay H/CMean No. Risk Factors Before and After Mean No. Risk Factors Before and After InterventionIntervention
DiseaseDisease BeforeBefore AfterAfter Mean DifferenceMean Difference(95% CI)(95% CI)
DiabetesDiabetes(N=54, (N=54, p=0.000p=0.000))
2.32.3 1.31.3 -1 (0.7 to 1.2)-1 (0.7 to 1.2)
HypertensionHypertension(N=98, (N=98, p=0.000p=0.000))
2.22.2 1.31.3 -0.9 (0.7 to 1.0)-0.9 (0.7 to 1.0)
Integrated Healthy Lifestyle Integrated Healthy Lifestyle Programme Programme
St. Ann’s Bay H/C St. Ann’s Bay H/C
Other Results:Other Results: 23% of obese patients reduced their 23% of obese patients reduced their BMI to overweight BMI to overweight
44% of overweight patients achieved 44% of overweight patients achieved normal weightnormal weight
Clinic PatientsClinic Patients
Clinic PatientsClinic Patients
Youth CampYouth Camp
Aerobics in the ParkAerobics in the Park