Promoting a Promoting a Coordinated Approach for the Health Coordinated Approach for the Health and Well-Being of Children and Youth and Well-Being of Children and Youth Carolyn Fisher, Ed.D., CHES Elizabeth Haller, M.Ed. Division of Adolescent and School Health National Association of County and City Health Officials August 18, 2005
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Promoting a Coordinated Approach for the Health and Well-Being of Children and Youth Carolyn Fisher, Ed.D., CHES Elizabeth Haller, M.Ed. Division of Adolescent.
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Promoting a Promoting a
Coordinated Approach for the Health Coordinated Approach for the Health
and Well-Being of Children and Youthand Well-Being of Children and Youth
Carolyn Fisher, Ed.D., CHES
Elizabeth Haller, M.Ed.
Division of Adolescent and School Health
National Association of County and City Health Officials
August 18, 2005
Six Key Health Risk Behaviors Six Key Health Risk Behaviors for Young Peoplefor Young People
• Behaviors that may result in unintentional injuries
and violence
• Sexual risk behaviors
• Alcohol and other drug use
• Tobacco use
• Unhealthy dietary behaviors
• Inadequate physical activityoverweight
Howell Wechsler
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Trends in Leading Causes of DeathTrends in Leading Causes of DeathRates per 100,000 10 to 19 Year OldsRates per 100,000 10 to 19 Year Olds
1981—20011981—2001
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
Motor VehicleHomicideSuicide
Sexual Risk Behavior and Pregnancy Sexual Risk Behavior and Pregnancy Trends Among YouthTrends Among Youth
Pregnancy
80
Condom use among sexually active students46
Ever sex
54
0
20
40
60
80
100
1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001
Per
cen
t
15-17 year-old females High school students
54
2003
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Rat
e
63
47
Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Current Alcohol, Marijuana, and Cocaine Use,* 1991 – Current Alcohol, Marijuana, and Cocaine Use,* 1991 –
20032003
* Drank ≥ 1 drinks of alcohol on 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey1 Significant linear decrease and quadratic effect, p < .05
* Used marijuana 1 times during the 30 days preceding the survey1 Significant linear increase and quadratic effect, p < .05
National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1991 - 2003
51 505152
4845147
2224
272625
1815
4443322
0
20
40
60
1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
* Used cocaine 1 times during the 30 days preceding the survey1 Significant linear increase and quadratic effect, p < .05
Cocaine
Marijuana
Alcohol
Percentage of High School StudentsPercentage of High School StudentsWho Reported Current Cigarette Use*Who Reported Current Cigarette Use*
2831
35 36 35
29
22
0
10
20
30
40
50
1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
Pe
rce
nt
*Smoked cigarettes on > 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey.Significant linear increase, p < .01; significant quadratic change, p < .001.National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 1991-2003.
Percentage of U.S. Children and Percentage of U.S. Children and Adolescents Who Were OverweightAdolescents Who Were Overweight**
* >95th percentile for BMI by age and sex based on 2000 CDC BMI-for-age growth charts**Data from 1963-65 for children 6-11 years of age and from 1966-70 for adolescents 12-17 years of ageSource: National Center for Health Statistics
Ages 12-19
Ages 6-11
54
1616
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
1963-70**
1971-74 1976-80 1988-94 1999-2002
Relationship Between Relationship Between Health and EducationHealth and Education
“No educational tool is more essential than good health.” Council of Chief State School Officers
“Health and success in school are interrelated. Schools cannot achieve their primary mission of education if students and staff are not healthy and fit physically, mentally, and socially.”National Association of State Boards of Education
www.thesociety.org/pdf/connections.pdf
Components of a Coordinated School Health Program
Components of a Coordinated School Health Program
Physical Education
Health Education
Health Services
NutritionServices
Counseling, Psychological
and Social Services
Healthy School Environment
HealthPromotionfor Staff
Family and Community Involvement
Characteristics of a Quality Characteristics of a Quality Coordinated School Health Program (1)Coordinated School Health Program (1)• Secures administrative support and commitment
• Establishes a School Health Council
• Identifies a school health coordinator
• Develops an annual plan
• Uses multiple strategies
• Addresses priority health-enhancing and health-risk behaviors
• Involves youth
• Provides professional development for staff
Roles of School Health CoordinatorRoles of School Health Coordinator
• Integrate school health council priorities into overall program
• Facilitate development and implementation of effective policies and programs
• Facilitate communication among components
• Build collaboration between school and community
• Secure resources
• Coordinate evaluation and maintain accountability
Resources for School Health Councils Resources for School Health Councils and Coordinatorsand Coordinators
www2.edc.org/MakingHealthAcademic
Coordinated School Health Program ResourcesCoordinated School Health Program Resources
CDC Promising Practices in Chronic Disease CDC Promising Practices in Chronic Disease Prevention and Control for State AgenciesPrevention and Control for State Agencies
Building a Healthier Future through School Health ProgramsPriority Actions
– Monitoring– Infrastructure– Partnerships– Policies– Technical assistance– Health communication– Professional development– Evaluation