Project Report of Online Examination

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Project Report On

Online Examination

for partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of the Degree of

B.Tech

UIET, Panjab University, Chandigarh

Submitted By:

Guneet Mittal(UE103037)

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Many persons have contributed to make this application, Online Examination system. I would

especially like to express my appreciation to Mr. Amit Jain for his unstinted support,

encouragement and his painstakingly and meticulous effort towards developing this application.

Finally, I wish to express our sincere thanks to all my family members, especially my

Parents for their constant moral support and encouragement.

I would welcome constructive suggestions to improve this application, which can be

implemented in our further attempts.

Gunnet Mittal

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

S.No Name of Topic Page No.

1 Abstract of the project 4

2 Introduction 5

3 System Study 6-7

4 Scope and Features 8

5 Feasibility Study 9

6 Requirement Specification

10

7 Technology used 11

8 Introduction To PHP 12-19

9 Methodology 20

10 ER- Diagram 21

11 Database 22-24

12 Testing 25-35

13 Future Scope 35

14 Conclusion 36

15 Bibliography 37

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PROJECT ABSTRACT

The process of system analysis and design is an analogy to the process of creation. Here the

process of creation begins a long before writing the first letter of code. To eliminate the process,

a full fledged study of existing system is required, taking proper care of the shortcomings as well

as the positive aspects that may lead to new innovative ideas which may assist in development of

an improved design both in terms of outlook as well as logic.

Here the complete stress is on the developing layer keeping in view the

requirements of the system, also taking care of the implementation. With the advents of

computer and technology, our lives have been blessed with higher efficiency, accuracy and

integrity as well. The initialization of computerized process all over has helped a great deal in

shorting out better, more convenient lives for all of us.

Education is the greatest factor considered for a person, to be successful.

Every person wants to be qualified at every stage of life, so that he/she is acceptable by the

changing world. When the students join any institute they have need to give the entrance test. In

this case it is very difficult to handle all this by paper form. So the computerized examination

system is adopted. It provides to the students such an examination system would much faster,

reliable and easily manageable. All students details and the management of these details are

computerized. It eliminates human errors and provides speedy and efficient result of the students.

It improves upon the response time required to evaluate an examination paper. This software

enhances the present capabilities of the institute to cater to the requirements of the students and

faculty members in a more efficient manner.

Candidates can give exams to their respective institutions by the

computerized examination system. Today computerized examination system is adopted

everywhere, whether they are the entrance exams to any or any evaluation exams. In these exam

students do login with their respective registration numbers, after that they attempt the question.

They can see the result after attempted the question.

Thus the computerized examination system is also good for the

administrating or organizing persons to have full control over the exam details. Computerized

examination system provides two interfaces: one is for students, to give the exam and second is

for administrator, to make changes in course work or questions and to work with students

registration, reports and result.

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INTRODUCTION

Online Examination System is used for conducting online objective test, the test will be

customized such that system will have automated checking of answers based on the user

interaction. This project helps the faculties to create their own test based on the subject. This also

helps the instruction to perform online quiz, test paper such that the academic performance of the

students can be increased and can take the feedback from both students and parents.

Exam System is very useful for Educational Institute to prepare an exam, safe the time that will

take to check the paper and prepare mark sheets. It will help the Institute to testing of students

and develop their skills. But the disadvantages for this system, it takes a lot of times when you

prepare the exam at the first time for usage. And we are needs number of computers with the

same number of students.

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SYSTEM STUDY

A system study comes into being when the end user or the management encounters a problem. It

is important that analyst should take into account all the complaints and find out exact problem

in the clear terms. Only a clear understanding of problem would make it possible to suggest

alternative solutions.

EXISTING SYSTEM

The Existing system of conducting examination process is manual. It has so many problems. So

we introduce a new system, which is fully computerized. Existing system is a large man power

process and is difficult to implement. Working of existing system is given below: -

Student Registration is the first process .As the part of the registration, the student has to enter

his name, address etc into the registration form. After the registration, make the question papers

and it will give to the prospective student. The question papers contain total mark, subject,

duration, questionpaper etc. A group of person does evaluation of answer sheet. After the

evaluation of the Answer sheet , the result is published. And also make the mark list.

DRAWBACKS OF EXISTING SYSTEM

1. SLOW AND INEFFICIENT: - The existing system is very slow and inefficient, as all the work is done manually.

2. ERROR PRONE: - The huge paper works makes the system error prone, as humans do everything.

3. REDUNDANCY OF DATA: - As whole the work is done manually, so there are possibilities of redundancy of data.

4. NON-CENTRALIZED DATA: - The data is stored in different files and registers that make the data non-centralized.

5. HIGHER MAINTENANCE COST: - Maintenance cost is very much high as it requires high labor cost, high stationery cost and high paper work cost etc.

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6. INCONSISTENCY OF DATA: - As the data is not centralized, it leads to inconsistency of the data.

7. CHANGES OF TAMPERING WITH THE DOCUMENTS AND DATA BY UNAUTHORIZED PERSON: - The whole work is done manually and different files or

registers are maintained to store the data. There is no solid security mechanism. These files

can easily read by any unauthorized person.

PROPOSED SYSTEM

The main objective of the online examination system is that it helps companies/institutions to

conduct exams to any number of candidates at a time, in an automated manner. It reduces the

time consumption and workload that exist in the current system of examination. It also helps in

storing the record of each examination and the results are also stored in the system. This makes

the searching of the records easier than the existing system.

OBJECTIVES OF PROPOSED SYSTEM

The main purpose of the system is to efficiently evaluate the candidate thoroughly through a

fully automated system that not only saves a lot of time but also gives fast results. It is a cost-

effective and popular means of mass- evaluation system.

The administrator of the system prepares the tests and questions for each exam. given to them

and can take the exam. The questions are shuffled in a random order so The candidates can login

through the client computers with their register number that possibilities for getting questions in

the same order for the students who are sitting near, is very less. A timer will monitor the time

and after the time limit the system itself submit the test. If it is before time, candidates can

submit it to view their result. The result analysis is very easy as it is done by the system. So it

saves a lot of time since no manual correction is needed in the system. No restriction is there

that the invigilator has to be present when the students take the test.

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SCOPE

Scope of this project is very broad in terms of other manually taking exams.

Few of them are:-

This can be used in educational institutions as well as in corporate world.

Can be used anywhere any time as it is a web based application (user Location doesnt

matter).

No restriction that examiner has to be present when the candidate takes the test.

FEATURES

After thoroughly analyzing the requirements of the system the following objectives have been

set:

Providing user friendly interface

Easy access of data

Easy Server maintenance

Maintaining data consistency

Providing better performance

Increasing the efficiency

Facility to update the data time to time

Web Based Access

Scalability

Centralized Database

Secure

Reliable and accurate

No need of examiner

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FEASIBILITY STUDY

ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY

Economic analysis is most frequently used for evaluation of the effectiveness of the system.

More commonly know as cost/benefit analysis the procedure is to determine the benefit and

saving that are expected from a system and compare them with costs, decisions is made to design

and implement the system. This part of feasibility study gives the top management the economic

justification for the new system. This is an important input to the management the management,

because very often the top management does not like to get confounded by the various

technicalities that bound to be associated with a project of this kind.

In the system, the organization is most satisfied by economic feasibility. Because, if the

organization implements this system, it need not require any additional hardware resources as

well as it will be saving lot of time.

TECHNICAL FEASIBILITY

Technical feasibility centers on the existing manual system of the test management process and

to what extent it can support the system. According to feasibility analysis procedure the technical

feasibility of the system is analyzed and the technical requirements such as software facilities,

procedure, inputs are identified. It is also one of the important phases of the system development

activities. The system offers greater levels of user friendliness combined with greater processing

speed. Therefore, the cost of maintenance can be reduced. Since, processing speed is very high

and the work is reduced in the maintenance point of view management convince that the project

is operationally feasible.

BEHAVIOURAL FEASIBILITY

People are inherently resistant to change and computer has been known tofacilitate changes. An

estimate should be made of how strong the user is likely to move towards the development of

computerized system. These are various levels of users in order to ensure proper authentication

and authorization and security of sensitive data of the organization.

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REQUIREMENTS FOR PROJECT

Software and Hardware Specifications

Hardware:

Processor : Intel Pentium 4

RAM : 128 MB

Hard Disk : 5 GB

Keyboard : Standard 101/102-Key Keyboard

Mouse : Standard Serial Mouse

Software:

Operating System : Windows 7 Professional

Language/Front End : PHP/APACHE SERVER

RDBMS/Back End : MYSQL

Operating System Environment

Software Requirements:

Apache Framework

WAMP Server

MYSQL Log

HTML EditorAny Browser which support Ajax and JavaScript

Hardware Requirements:

Windows 7 series, or later

Pentium IV

At least RAM 256 MB

Communication Network for intranet: LAN

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TECHNOLOGY USED

The web interaction figure shows the interconnectivity of php interpreter with the web server, the mail server ,the client.

Database and file system is being handled separately as shown.

The given figure clearly explains the working of a dynamic project in php language.

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INTRODUCTION TO PHP

PHP (recursive acronym for "PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor") is a widely-used Open

Source general-purpose scripting language that is especially suited for Web development and can

be embedded into HTML.

This is different from other languages like Perl or C instead of writing a program with

lots of commands to output HTML, you write an HTML script with some embedded code to do

something (in this case, output some text). The PHP code is enclosed in special start and end tags

that allow you to jump into and out of "PHP mode".

What distinguishes PHP from something like client-side JavaScript is that the code is

executed on the server. If you were to have a script similar to the above on your server, the client

would receive the results of running that script, with no way of determining what the underlying

code may be. You can even configure your web server to process all your HTML files with PHP,

and then there's really no way that users can tell what you have up your sleeve.

The best things in using PHP are that it is extremely simple for a newcomer, but offers

many advanced features for a professional programmer. Don't be afraid reading the long list of

PHP's features. You can jump in, in a short time, and start writing simple scripts in a few hours.

There are three main areas where PHP scripts are used.

Server-side scripting. This is the most traditional and main target field for PHP. You need

three things to make this work. The PHP parser (CGI or server module), a web server and

a web browser. You need to run the web server, with a connected PHP installation. You

can access the PHP program output with a web browser, viewing the PHP page through

the server. All these can run on your home machine if you are just experimenting with

PHP programming.

Command line scripting. You can make a PHP script to run it without any server or

browser. You only need the PHP parser to use it this way. This type of usage is ideal for

scripts regularly executed using cron (on *nix or Linux) or Task Scheduler (on

Windows). These scripts can also be used for simple text processing tasks.

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Writing desktop applications. PHP is probably not the very best language to create a

desktop application with a graphical user interface, but if you know PHP very well, and

would like to use some advanced PHP features in your client-side applications you can

also use PHP-GTK to write such programs.You also have the ability to write cross-

platform applications this way. PHP-GTK is an extension to PHP, not available in the

main distribution.

PHP can be used on all major operating systems, including Linux, many Unix variants

(including HP-UX, Solaris and OpenBSD), Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X, RISC OS,

and probably others. PHP has also support for most of the web servers today. This

includes Apache, Microsoft Internet Information Server, Personal Web Server, Netscape

and iPlanet servers, Oreilly Website Pro server, Caudium, Xitami, OmniHTTPd, and

many others. For the majority of the servers PHP has a module, for the others supporting

the CGI standard, PHP can work as a CGI processor.

So with PHP, you have the freedom of choosing an operating system and a web server.

Furthermore, you also have the choice of using procedural programming or object oriented

programming, or a mixture of them. Although not every standard OOP feature is implemented in

PHP 4, many code libraries and large applications (including the PEAR library) are written only

using OOP code. PHP 5 fixes the OOP related weaknesses of PHP 4, and introduces a complete

object model.

With PHP you are not limited to output HTML. PHP's abilities include outputting images, PDF

files and even Flash movies (using libswf and Ming) generated on the fly. You can also output

easily any text, such as XHTML and any other XML file. PHP can autogenerate these files, and

save them in the file system, instead of printing it out, forming a server-side cache for your

dynamic content.

One of the strongest and most significant features in PHP is its support for a wide range of

databases.

PHP also has support for talking to other services using protocols such as LDAP, IMAP,

SNMP, NNTP, POP3, HTTP, COM (on Windows) and countless others. You can also open raw

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network sockets and interact using any other protocol. PHP has support for the WDDX complex

data exchange between virtually all Web programming languages. Talking about

interconnection, PHP has support for instantiation of Java objects and using them transparently

as PHP objects. You can also use our CORBA extension to access remote objects.

Why PHP?

PHP runs on different platforms such as Windows, Linux, Unix, etc. PHP is easy and fast

to learn and runs efficiently on the server side. C programmers can easily master PHP as

the PHP syntax is somewhat similar to C.

PHP is compatible with almost all servers used today (Apache, IIS, etc.)

PHP supports many databases such as MySQL, Oracle, PostgreSQL etc. PHP with

MySQL database and Apache Server is a very good and popular combination. PHP

combined with MySQL are cross-platform.

Because it is on the server, however, PHP cannot be modified by the client.

PHP is the widely-used, free, and efficient alternative to competitors such as Microsoft's

ASP and Sun Microsystems JSP.

PHP is often used together with Apache (web server) on various operating systems. It can

be also used with Microsoft's IIS on Windows.

Because PHP is on the server end, your PHP scripts can affect your server--such as by

keeping an activity log or updating a database.

Built-in Libraries with Many Common Tasks.

Open Source.

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BACK END-MYSQL

MYSQL is comprehensive, integrated data management and analysis software that

enables organizations to reliably manage mission-critical information and confidently run

todays increasingly complex business applications. MYSQL allows companies to gain greater

insight from their business information and achieve faster results for a competitive advantage.

The driving force behind MYSQL is the process of integration. With MSSQL 2005 the database

developer experiences a paradigm shift. He can now locate his code with reference to its

functionality; he can access data in its native formats or build complex systems that are server

driven. The integration with the OPENCART framework gives him the power of the modern

programming languages to implement functionalities within the server.

Prime Features

Business Intelligence:

Gain deeper insight into your business with integrated, comprehensive analysis and

reporting for enhanced decision making

High Availability:

Ensure business continuity with the highest levels of system availability through

technologies that protect your data against costly human errors and minimize disaster recovery

downtime.

Performance and Scalability:

Deliver an infrastructure that can grow with your business and has a proven record in

handling today's large amounts of data and most critical enterprise workloads.

Security:

Provide a secure environment to address privacy and compliance requirements with

built-in features that protect your data against unauthorized access.

Manageability:

MYSQL focuses on making it simpler and easier to deploy, manage and optimize enterprise data

and analytical applications. As a trusted data management platform it provides a single

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management console that enables data administrators anywhere to monitor, manage and tune all

of the databases and associated services across your enterprise. Management tools include:

Developer Productivity:

Build and deploy critical business-ready applications more quickly by improving

developer productivity and reducing project life cycle times.

Constraints

Primary Key:

A table usually has a column or combination of columns whose values uniquely

identify each row in the table. This column (or columns) is called the primary key of the table.

Foreign Key:

A foreign key (FK) is a column or combination of columns used to establish and

enforce a link between the data in two tables. A link is created between two tables by adding the

column or columns that hold one table's primary key values to the other table. This column

becomes a foreign key in the second table.

Unique Key:

UNIQUE constraints are used to enforce uniqueness on non primary key columns.

A PRIMARY KEY constraint column includes a restriction for uniqueness automatically;

however, a UNIQUE constraint can allow null values.

Allowing NULL Values:

The null ability of a column determines whether the rows in the table can contain a

null value for that column. A null value, or NULL, is different from zero (0), blank, or a zero-

length character string such as "". NULL means that no entry has been made. The presence of

NULL typically implies that the value is either unknown or undefined.

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FRONT END-APACHE SERVER

The Apache HTTP server, commonly referred to as Apache is a web server application notable

for playing a key role in the initial growth of the World Wide Web. Apache is developed and

maintained by an open community of developers under the auspices of the Apache Software

Foundation.

Apache supports a variety of features, many implemented as compiled modules which extend the

core functionality. These can range from server-side programming language support to

authentication schemes. Some common language interfaces support Perl, Python, Tcl, and PHP.

Most commonly used on a Unix-like system, the software is available for a wide variety

of operating systems including Unix, Linux, Solaris, Novell NetWare, OS X, Microsoft

Windows, OS/2, TPF, and eComStation. Released under the Apache License, Apache is open-

source software.

My SQL is an open-source database. PHP is a scripting language that can manipulate

information held in a database and generate web pages dynamically each time content is

requested by a browser.

Other programs may also be included in a package, such as php My Admin which provides a

graphical user interface for the My SQL database manager, or the alternative scripting languages

Python or Perl. Equivalent packages are MAMP (for the Apple Mac) and LAMP (for the Linux

operating system).

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HTML/CSS

Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) is the predominant markup language for web pages.

HTML elements are the basic building-blocks of webpages. HTML is written in the form of

HTML elements consisting of tags, enclosed in angle brackets (like ), within the web

page content. HTML tags most commonly come in pairs like and , although some

tags, known as empty elements, are unpaired.

CSS stands for "cascading style sheets". A single CSS file can contain positioning, layout, font,

colors and style information for an entire web site. The file can be referenced by each html file

on the site.CSS is a means of separating the content of an html document from the style and

layout of that document.

CSS is a style sheet language used to describe the presentation semantics (the look and

formatting) of a document written in a markup language. Its most common application is to style

web pages written in HTML and XHTML, but the language can also be applied.

CSS makes it very easy to change the style of a document. Let's say we wanted to move the

picture in the title of this page to the right by 10 pixels. This would be a nightmare in a table

based design. We would have to open every page and alter the table width manually.

Fortunately we have used CSS, and all we have to do is open our CSS file which stores the

layout of the site, and change the number relating to the position of the image. That will change

his position throughout the whole site.

The look and layout of a site can be changed beyond recognition just by altering the CSS file.

This makes CSS indispensable for large web sites.

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JAVA SCRIPT

JavaScript is the scripting language of the Web. JavaScript is used in billions of Web pages to

add functionality, validate forms, communicate with the server, and much more.

JavaScript was designed to add interactivity to HTML pages

JavaScript is a scripting language

A scripting language is a lightweight programming language

JavaScript is usually embedded directly into HTML pages

JavaScript is an interpreted language (means that scripts execute without preliminary

compilation)

Everyone can use JavaScript without purchasing a license

1. Browser support

To access flash content, you need to install flash plugin in your browser. But to use javascript,

you don't have to use any plugin at all. This is because all browsers have accepted javascript as a

scripting language for them and provides integrated support for it.

2. Can be used on client side as well as on server side

As javascript has access to Document object model of browser, you can actually change the

structure of web pages at runtime. Due to this, javascript can be used to add different effects to

webpages. On the other hand, javascript could be used on the server side as well. For example, in

Alfresco which is a popular open source enterprise content management system, javascript is

used in creating webscripts. This makes adding custom tasks to alfresco quite simple.

3. Functional programming language

In javascript, function could be assigned to variables just like any other data types. Not only that,

but a function can accept another function as a parameter and can also return a function. You can

have functions with no name as well. Clearly, this gives you the ability to code in functional

programming style.

4. Support for objects

Javascript is an object oriented language. However, the way javascript handles objects and

inheritance is bit different from conventional object oriented programming languages like Java.

Due to this, javascript supports most of the object oriented concepts while being simple to learn

and use.

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METHODOLOGY OF WORK

I have tried my level best to provide each and every functioning regarding the criteria of taking

computerized exam, to the readers. As we have seen now days education is the most important

and essential part of ones life, and complete this requirement at any stage of life. Today people

join various study centres to gather education. There is not necessary to gave exam in written

form. In todays fast life examination criteria is also changed, which give the birth of ONLINE

EXAMINATION. I have tried to give each and every type of functioning to this project and it is

totally fit and ready for working.

Our project deals with Online Exam in which we can accept Online Exam from the

Administrator. The main goal of our site is to make possible to write an exam in a short amount

of time, in a tension free atmosphere, paperless exam etc.

In this Application first of all the interface is divided into two parts.

Administrator

User

New User In This section the person who is new to the website , who doesnt have user id and

password have to sign up with our website , in which they have to provide personal

details like name , address , phone number etc . This information will be stored in database.

Existing user

Existing user will have a user id and password. So they can sign in and access details

according to their user type . They can write the exam through administrator , they can

also view the result after finishing the exam.

Administrator

Is the one who will have all sorts of rights regarding conducting the examination, generating the

list of all the student who will give the exam, results, reports, feeding, new question in database,

answer of those question, modify and delete the question from the database.

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ER-DIAGRAM

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DATABASE DESIGN

Database is the most important part of any application. Because it serves a backbone for storing

the data and maintaining the data for the correct working of application. Thus while designing

the database elements such as tables, view etc. while constructing any table, we should decide

before the following thing.

1. Purpose of the table.

2. Number of columns.

3. Type of data to be stored in that table under each column.

4. Length of each fields entry.

Exam Table

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Feedback Table

Notice Table

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Register Table

Result Table

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TESTING

It is the most important phase of the System Development Life Cycle. Testing is the process of

executing the programs with the intention of finding out errors. During the process the program

to be tested is executed with set of test cases and the output of the program and test

cases is evaluated to determine if the program is performing as expected. Testing makes a

logical assumpt ion that if all t he parts o f the module are correct the goal wil l be

successfully achieved. Testing includes:

1) Positive testing: Positive testing is making sure that new programs do infect process

certain transaction according to specification.

2) Negative testing: It is to test those transactions which are not according to specification.

This is known as deficiencies, bugs, and errors.

1. Students have selected their subject when they login. Where as it should be selected at the time of registration.

2. The administrator cant change the password of the student if one time he/she assigned to the student.

3. To change the password of the user administrator has to remember the user name and password he cant find it from any list.

4. The administrator cant see the subject with the result of the student for which they given the exam.

5. When administrator wants to delete or modify the question they have needed to select the question from the list. They cant do next and previous the question.

6. After result the student cant see which question is correct or incorrect attempted by them. 7. Students cant know the total marks of the exam. They can know about the total marks

when the result displayed.

The above-mentioned deficiencies have remained mainly due to sort time available for project

development. If more time was made available then these errors could have averted.

However, these errors can be removed during system maintenance, as at present an initial

working system is made available to the client for scrutiny.

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HOME PAGE

COURSES

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ABOUT US

FEEDBACK

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CONTACT US

REGISTER

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LOGIN

USER:LOGIN

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ONLINE EXAMINATION

ONLINE EXAMINATION BEGINS

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RESULT

CHANGE PASSWORD

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ADMIN:LOGIN

APPROVAL

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NEW QUESTIONS

EDIT QUES

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RESULT

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FUTURE SCOPE

This application can be easily implemented under various situations. We can add new features as

and when we require. Reusability is possible as and when require in this application. There is

flexibility in all the modules.

SOFTWARE SCOPE:

is extendable in ways that its original developers may not expect.

The following principles enhance extensibility like hide data structure, avoid

traversing multiple links or methods, avoid case statements on object type and

distinguish public and private operations.

s possible as and when require in this application. We can update it

next version. Reusable software reduces design, coding and testing cost by

amortizing effort over several designs. Reducing the amount of code also

simplifies understanding, which increases the likelihood that the code is correct.

We follow up both types of reusability:

Sharing of newly written code within a project and reuse of previously written code on new

projects.

A method is understandable if someone other than the creator of the

method can understand the code (as well as the creator after a time

lapse). We use the method, which small and coherent helps to accomplish

this.

-effectiveness: Its cost is under the budget and make within given time period. It is

desirable to aim for a system with a minimum cost subject to the condition

that it must satisfy the entire requirement.

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CONCLUSION

Online_Examination has been developed and the system was tested with proper data. The system

results in regular timing preparation of the required output. In comparison with the manual

system, the benefit under a computer system considerable in to saving of manpower, working

hour and efforts.

It can observe that the information required can be obtained with ease and accuracy in the

computerized system. The user with minimum knowledge about computer can be able operate

the system easily. Online massage has been provided to help the user to take necessary, correct

action while using the system. Various validation techniques have been used to implement

accuracy of data in all formats of input. The system has produced all the report required by the

management .

This software can be used by any institute as it can be modified easily; additional features can be

added without interrupting the normal functioning of the system.

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

BOOKS:-

PHP 5 Power programming, Bruce perens

MySQL Web Development, Welling/Thomson

WEBSITES:

http://www.php-learn-it.com/

http://www.w3schools.com/

http://www.tizag.com/

http://php.net/quickref.php/