Project PURITY

Report on Project Purity

Prepared for: Building Bridges through Leadership Training 12

Prepared by: Team Onuronon

Members:

Joy Podder

Mahir Tajwar Haque

Md. Azizul Haque

Md. Sabbir Ahmed Jubaer

Nowsheen Sharmila

Priyanbada Pikee Ranjinee

Zannatul Ferdows

Facilitated by: Mutasim Billah

Contents 1. Introduction .......................................................................................................................................... 3

1.1 Background ......................................................................................................................................... 4

1.2 Literature Review ................................................................................................................................ 5

1.3 Study Objectives ................................................................................................................................. 6

1.4 Scope ................................................................................................................................................... 6

1.5 Limitations ........................................................................................................................................... 7

2. Project Design ........................................................................................................................................... 7

2.1 Needs Assessment .................................................................................................................................. 7

2.2.1 Survey Design ............................................................................................................................... 7

2.1.2. Data representation .................................................................................................................... 8

2.1.3. System analysis ........................................................................................................................... 9

2.1.4. Problem tree ............................................................................................................................. 10

2.1.5. Problem statement ................................................................................................................... 10

2.2. Project description ........................................................................................................................... 11

2.2.1. Project name ............................................................................................................................. 11

2.2.2. Location ..................................................................................................................................... 11

2.2.3. Beneficiaries .............................................................................................................................. 11

2.2.4. Project goal ............................................................................................................................... 11

2.2.5. Project objectives ...................................................................................................................... 11

2.2.6. Theory of change ...................................................................................................................... 12

2.2.7. Implementation plan ................................................................................................................ 12

3. Impact assessment .................................................................................................................................. 15

4. Sustainability plan ................................................................................................................................... 15

5. Conclusion ............................................................................................................................................... 16

1. Introduction

Development is the prime concern of Bangladesh like many others developing country. But unfortunately many development projects in Bangladesh cannot bring the desired outputs due to the improper problem diagnosis and the lack of sustainability of such program. However many NGSs are interested to provide only the technical solution, that is very easy, but have huge scarcity in the Adaptive problems salvation in the country. Most ironically there is a continuous dilemma among the development activist about appropriateness of the infrastructural development or the human development. But according to recent study of Amartya sen, a Nobel prize winner in Economics, think that “Human development is the precondition for all others development (Book: Development as freedom). Sen Think investment in “the health” and “Education” sector can make a man enable for wage earning, healthy living, leading a sound life and capacity building among the man for meeting his or her needs. But there is gaps between the Privileged and the underprivileged people in Bangladesh that is sever in the urban areas. It is seen as the key cause of social stratification, discrimination, clash and the crime in the slum. Historically the privileged society educated and financially affluent people contribute a lot to develop into the underprivileged society. The main obstacle in front of the Development of Bangladesh is the poverty, illiteracy, unemployment, lack of sound housing condition as well as lack of easy and free access to government facilities. From such perspective the Ounoronon, a team under the BBLT-12 batch of BYLC, Conducted a project in the Kabir meeya Bosthi (Kabir’s slum) at mirpur, besides the Arambug residential areas. to build a bridge between the Onuronon and the community people. The onoronon worked with the health and hygienic problems into the slum dwellers. The main aim of the team was to bring some sustainable changes of some adaptive problems including the lack of awareness about the government health care opportunity, the important of pure drinking water through workshop, blood grouping and medical checkup and so on. Besides to build a strong understanding among the slum children about different health and hygienic issues it conducted art-competition, different interesting sports and get-togethering, storytelling and so on. It was a greatest opportunity to the Onuronon’s members to know and analysis the current state of poverty and the different socio-economic condition of the slum and obtains a practical learning about the development activities for the underprivileged community. It was a half a month community work under the Bangladesh Youth Leadership Centre (BYLC)’s BBLT_12 program. This study will help different people including Government officials, academicians, researcher, students, NGSs and many knowledge inquisitive people.

1.1 Background

Bangladesh facing terrible challenges from the poverty. Most of the urban poor are lived in the slum. There are about more than half of total slum are exist in Dhaka city. It is the most underprivileged society in the urban areas. Illiteracy, malnutrition, lack of awareness and the lack of access to the government opportunity are the main problems in this community. Kabirer meeya Bosti ( Kobir meeya’s slum) is actually a virtual community has no root of inhabitants and now they are living on a situated on a water reservoir. According to the survey, the early mirage among the girl children is very high. About 57% girl get married before the 16 years old and rest of 43% girl get marriage between the 16 to 20 years old. The malnutrition is also the prime problems inside the community man. It is most paradoxically the family average monthly income is 9642 taka where the some family earns about 15 taka and lowest income is 4000 taka. Generally the people of the slum are involved with the day labor including the Garments workers, rickshaw puling, brick and wood layer; some are involved with the home made profession. But almost 80% adult women are involved with the home made profession. They stay at their job from down to dust that was a critical challenge for us to conduct workshop or seminar for the community people during the day period. Most of the It is more interesting that about 78% slum dwellers can write their name and most of the kids who are below the 18, regular go to school. Due to geographical condition the community people are tremendously suffers from the Disturbance of mosquito, bug and rat. But it interestingly 93 % people are using the mosquito certain (mosquito net) regular basis. Very surprisingly about 93 % people do not drink the boil water due to the lack of gas fuel. So the cough, dairies, and fever are the regular disease among them. Elsewhere most of these slum people go to the pharmacy man to deal with the problem and bye medicine without prescription second largest people go to Kabiraj (non- formal Ayurvedic practitioner) and very few people went to the MBBS doctors. The key reasons behind not going to the Government or private Hospitals and clinics are because of the lack of information and the awareness government opportunities among the slum dwellers. Elsewhere most of the people do not wash hand with sop after toilet and before taking meal and about 21% people use the sanitary latrine rest of 79% dump it on the water reservoir. So the health and hygienic problem is the regular main problems into the slum. It is not due to their lowest income but also the lack of awareness and information about that. The gaps between the privileged and the underprivileged also a social problem in the urban area. The lack of cooperation and sustainable initiatives and lack of continuity of the development project into the slum is also responsible for the poor condition of their lifestyle.

1.2 Literature Review

Literature review: 01

Democracy watch: a study on Mirpure slum

The scale of urban poverty is greatly under estimated – its nature misunderstood and the best means for reducing it is rarely acted upon. In this survey we are looking at aspects of poverty which affects women and children adversely which is health. The urban slum dwellers living in tropical countries, their health condition is threatened by a variety of tropical diseases. Health equity can only be achieved by “leveling up” living conditions for the poor, and by reducing differential exposure and vulnerabilities among different groups in society. It is clear that female slum dwellers have extremely limited opportunities for a decent lifestyle: They lack the foundation for healthy and fulfilling lives, and at the same time carry immense responsibilities for maintaining their homes and families. Cultural norms dictate that women in urban slums tend to spend more time in the home caring for their families and their households. Factors in the home such as poor sanitation, leaking roofs, flooding and fire risks increase inhabitants’ vulnerability to the disease. Because women spend more time in the home, they are therefore more susceptible to the adverse health outcomes associated with inadequate housing conditions. Meanwhile, cultural hierarchies or social status often significantly disadvantage women. In urban populations of Bangladesh, healthcare is provided according to an individual's status in a household. Due to women and girls’ lower societal position, less money is spent on them for medical treatment.

literature review 02: Astudy was conducted by Professor Nazrul Islam, Team Leader; Chairman, University Grants Commission of Bangladesh (UGC) & Honorary Chairman, Centre for Urban Studies (CUS), Dhaka. Dr. AQM Mahbub, Professor, Department of Geography & Environment, University of Dhaka. On different slum of Bangladesh. They identify some key information about the slum. Though still comparatively rural, Bangladesh has an urban population of about 35 million, or just over 25 percent of its total population. Moreover, the urban population has been growing very rapidly since liberation in 1971 and continues to do so at over 3.5 percent annually. The country will likely have an urban population approaching 50 million by 2015.This rapid growth has been due primarily to migration by the rural poor, particularly to large metropolitan areas. On arrival, these poor migrants routinely turn to slums and squatter settlements for shelter. All major urban centres in Bangladesh have slums and squatter settlements, the largest concentrations being in Dhaka, followed by Chittagong, Khulna, and Rajshahi. To begin with, there is no difference between a slum and a squatter settlement. The latter are simply slums illegally located on land belonging to the government, semi-governmental units, public organizations and other organizations. Drawing on both international literature attempting to define slums as well as widely accepted definitions or norms applied in the

Bangladeshi context; slums are defined as settlements with a minimum of 10 households or a mess unit with a minimum of 25 members and:

predominantly very poor housing;

very high population density and room crowding;

very poor environmental services, especially water and sanitation;

very low socio-economic status;

lack of security of tenure

The socioeconomic status of the community is defined by low income, with the majority, or over 50 percent, of households having income below the poverty level of Tk. 5,000 per month , the majority of the labour force in informal sector occupations (e.g. rickshaw pullers, hawkers, domestic workers, etc.) or very low paying formal sector positions (in organizations ranging from factories to offices) and low levels of rent. Another important dimension is whether the settlement is socially perceived as a slum. Finally, security of tenure is captured by vulnerability to eviction.

1.3 Study Objectives

1. Identify the key socio-economic problems into the community through proper diagnosis.

2. Evaluating the efficiency of project action including the inputs, outputs, impact and the sustainability of the action.

3. Empirical analysis about on different development initiatives undertaken by Government and different development organizations in this slum.

4. Proposing key Recommendations in order to improve the efficiency of current development activities.

1.4 Scope

Among the various problems the Poor-health and unhygienic problem is most appropriate to conduct with. Because a good health is the source of all happiness. Besides the unhygienic problems adversely affecting the community people that lead to various disease, malnutrition and the early mortality rate. On the other hand the awareness building among the children and the aged people also potential to make the enable through providing most essential information regarding health care centre, ambulance, fire service, blood grouping and conduction different workshop on who to make water pure without boiling through nature process and how to wash hand and face besides the group Onuronon also conducted some workshop about the importance of education in children and motivational and entertainment programs like including Art-competition and sporting based on health and hygienic issues.

1.5 Limitations

1. The time constrained was very challenging to accomplish the vast amount of goal.

2. The large size of community and most of the individuals are stay busy from dawn to dusk

with job

3. Insufficient fund that obstacle the team from doing many initiatives

4. The scarcity of free space, to conduct the workshop and seminar, adversely hamper the

action dynamics.

5. Many group members didn’t have previous experience about such community activities

6. The improper coordination among the group members also quite hampers the action

efficiency.

7. The political instability during the period adversely obstacle the regular smooth

movement into the community

2. Project Design

2.1 Needs Assessment

2.2.1 Survey Design

Demographic Details

Target group: Inhabitants of Kobirer Bosti

Ages: 18 – 40

Average Monthly Income: BDT 10,000

2.1.1.1. Data collection methods:

We prepared a questionnaire and conducted the initial survey to understand and anticipate the needs of the community to come up with the best possible solutions. The questionnaire has been attached in the appendix. After conducting our project activities, we took verbal feedback from the beneficiaries to better understand the impact of our project

2.1.1.2. Questionnaire design:

Our questionnaire consisted of a total of 25 questions among which 3 were open ended question and the rest were multiple choice questions.

2.1.2. Data representation

The data collected during the survey were represented using the following illustrations

93%

7%

No Yes

Do you drink boiled water?

YES79%

NO 21%

Do you wash your hand after using toilet and before eating?

2.1.3. System analysis

02468

1012

What are the common disease in your family?

Number of people

Building Awareness on Health

and Hygiene

Inhabitants

Team Onuronon

Facilitator

BYLC

2.1.4. Problem tree

2.1.5. Problem statement

The 5W’s:

Who? – The inhabitants of Kobirer Bosti

What? – A lack of awareness is causing this issue. The people do not understand the importance of

these problems

When? – These issues need to be resolved as soon as possible and within the timeframe of the project

Where? – This issue is occurring in Kobirer Bosti

Why? – This needs to be resolved to allow the people of Kobirer Bosti to lead a healthier and a more

secured life

•They never felt the need very closely

•They never found reliable sources to find out such information

Causes

• Lack of awareness on healthcare and hygiene

• Lack of awareness on how to react to emergencies

Problem• They are subject

to long term health hazards

• In case of any emergency, their response times isnts fast enough

Effects

Issue Statement:

The people of the community have very little knowledge on healthcare and hygiene, and those who do

have some knowledge do not practice it on a regular basis. If this does not cease to continue, future

generations of the community will be greatly affected by it.

2.2. Project description

2.2.1. Project name

Project Purity

2.2.2. Location

Kobirer Bosti, Arambagh Housing Society, Pallabi, Mirpur-1216

2.2.3. Beneficiaries

Inhabitants of Kobirer Bosti

2.2.4. Project goal

To build aware in the community on proper healthcare, hygiene and reacting to emergency situations

2.2.5. Project objectives

1. To build a rapport with the community

2. To conduct workshop on the importance of blood grouping

3. To organize free blood grouping in the community

4. To conduct a sessions on how to react to emergencies

5. To hold a workshop on healthcare and how to acquire the facilities

6. To conduct a workshop of personal hygiene and safe drinking water

2.2.6. Theory of change

2.2.7. Implementation plan

2.2.7.1. Project activities

Day 1 – Telling them about us

In our first day, we spoke with a few influential people of the community and briefly told them about

our plan with the community over the next few weeks. We were careful in avoiding details of our plan

that could make them uninterested or arouse too much expectation from us. They told us that they are

going to help us with our work and provide any assistance they can give us. Furthermore, we asked

them to assign a few volunteers from their community who would work with us in helping the

community. After that we visited a few homes and talked to them about our plan

Day 2 – Ice breaking

In this day, we planned to further engage the community with us by arranging some sporting events for

the children of the community as well as some elders. We made sure that the games were held in close

proximity to the community to guarantee maximum participation from everyone. The games included

Problem•Lack of awareness on healthcare, hygiene and safe drinking water

Input •Building healthcare, hygiene and safe drinking water awareness

Activities

•Conducting group sessions on the importance of healthcare, hygiene, safe drinking water

•Provide flyers with important phone numbers

Output•Taking their feedback to see how much they have understood

Outcome•They are able to use the information to take proper care of themselves

Impact•They turn into healthier people

sprints, chocolate race and marble race. At the end of the day, a prize giving ceremony was held where

an elder of the community gave prizes to the top 3 achievers of each game.

Day 3 – Workshop on the importance of blood grouping

Since we planned to conduct a free blood grouping session for the people, we felt it was very important

for them to know and understand its importance. Therefore, we conducted this workshop to better

explain to them why they should know their blood group and how this can make a big difference in

times of emergencies. We were successful in explaining it to the people as we received many positive

feedback.

Day 4 – Token distribution

Just before the blood grouping day, we went to the community to distribute tokens to them which they

would bring to the blood grouping day. This was mainly done to increase the efficiency of the blood

grouping day.

Day 5 – Blood grouping day

The blood grouping day was held in collaboration with Sandhani Blood Bank unit of Dhaka Dental

College. In this day, we conducted blood grouping of more than 200 people of the community.

Day 6 – Workshop on healthcare and how to react to emergencies

This workshop was mainly done to build awareness on healthcare facilities and teach the people of the

community how to react in case of emergencies. This was a very interactive workshop as we were able

to take feedback from the audience and explain them better using their examples.

Day 7 – Art Competition

As our project was coming to an end, we felt we should do something for the children and this time we

wanted it to be a bit more educational. That is why we organized an art competition. We made them

into groups and asked them to draw their dream city. After they had all drawn it, we showed them how

clean and beautiful their dream city was and if they only want, our cities can also be like it.

Day 8 – Workshop on hygiene and safe drinking water

To fulfil the final objective of our project, we conducted the session on hygiene and safe drinking water.

We taught them how to wash their hands in such a way that they could clean it most effectively. We

showed them proper ways of brushing their teeth. Finally, we discussed on the importance of drinking

safe water. As many of them complained that they could not afford to boil water, we taught them other

techniques to make water safer to drink.

2.2.7.2. Timeframe

Our project lasted more than a month from the initial site visit to final workshop. It started on March 2nd

and ended on April 9th. The project consisted of site visiting, survey designing, survey conducting, need

assessment based on survey, project designing, fund raising, mid-course corrections and community

service.

2.2.7.3. Budget plan

Date Item Cost

25-03-15 Games 485

Others 110

30-03-15 Fundraising cost 90

31-03-15 Refreshments after session 310

Others 85

01-04-15 Tokens 75

Others 60

02-04-15 Blood grouping instruments 4320

Others 55

06-04-15 Awareness session 300

08-04-15 Art stationary 1055

Decoration 420

Others 100

Prizes 665

09-04-15 Refreshments after session 640

Decoration 240

Others 305

Total 9295

Total fundraised 8300

2.2.7.4. Fundraising strategy

As advised we successfully set our objectives right. As per the project planned we identified how much

money we would actually need and by what time. In the action plan portion of this project work we

have already developed a time-frame for our project

The sources were as follows:

Business Organizations/Corporate Houses that might be considered to be a stake-holder our

initiative;

Friends and Family, other peer groups (personal contacts);

In-kind support

3. Impact assessment

The project 'PURITY' is expected to have some impacts on the people of 'Kabirer Bosti'. The people are

now more conscious about their health and hygiene. They know how to wash hands properly, how to

brush teeth properly and how to purify water. As a result, they are likely to be less affected by the

common diseases due to unhealthy and unhygienic environment.

They are now aware of their blood grouping. Everyone knows his/her own blood group. As a result, if

they fall in a situation where they need emergency blood, they can help each other.

The people know the medical and emergency facilities they have from government and other

organizations. So, now they will not go to the unskilled 'Kabiraj' and their medical expenses will decrease

in a great extent.

The children participate in an art competition where they were asked to paint their dream-city and

dream-house. This will help them to think of a healthy and clean environment apart from the

environment they have grown up.

4. Sustainability plan

Sustainability is meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future

generations to meet their own needs. Sustainability is not an end goal, but a journey that local

governments can take to improve the social equity, environmental, and economic conditions in their

jurisdiction. A common frame work to guide their efforts is a sustainability plan, which ties together a

community’s goals, strategies, implementation plans, and metrics for improving sustainability.

Our sustainability plan has two parts.

1. Financial sustainability

2. Community sustainability

Financial sustainability: In our community we work on adaptive challenges. We teach them how they

can help themselves for their betterment. Our sponsor’s money was expended on gifts, rent, medical kit,

art paper and colors. Our community people can use our given information on hospitals, blood group

card, emergency numbers, and water purification systems.

Community sustainability: We were more or less successful on building a relationship with our

community people. They listen and understand our work and promise to themselves that they will

change for their betterment.

Activities Reasons for sustainability

Emergency numbers We print all the emergency numbers for them and hand it all the

participants of our session and slum owners. Because paying guests

can be changed but not the owners.

Hospital address We provide them all nearest and affordable hospitals address and

contact number.

Maternity service centers

information

We give the nearest maternity clinic address which were “nogor sastho

kandro” at arambag, “Radda” at mirpur 11 1/2, because for maternity

emergency situations lateness can be big constrain.

Different water purification

system

We teach them three different water purification systems. First, boil

water for 20 minutes then cool it down and drink(for housewife’s)

.Second, use proper amount of “fitcury”(for senior citizens).Third, fill

up your clean plastic bottles with water, put it under the sun light for 6

to 8 hours then drink it(for working people)

Hand wash technique We demonstrate how to wash hands properly and make all our

participants wash they hands with us.

Toothbrush technique We demonstrate how to brush teeth properly and make all our

participants brush they teeth with us.

5. Conclusion The Leadership in Action phase of Building Bridges through Leadership Training has allowed us to exercise the concepts of leadership we learned in class. We have been able to understand those concepts even more deeply as we have been able to relate them practically. To conclude this report, we have to say that the project is not the only way to measure our success, but as a team we have gone through many phases and in the end we have taken many lessons from our experiences.