8/17/2019 Project Ppt line follower robot
1/24
A
PRESENTATION
ON
SOLAR USING LINE
FOLLOWER ROBOT WITH
ROBOTIC ARM
8/17/2019 Project Ppt line follower robot
2/24
13-May-16 2
Contents:
Introduction Block diagram
Hardware equipment
Working
Embedded system
Components used
References
8/17/2019 Project Ppt line follower robot
3/24
INTRODUCTION
What is Line Followe!
Line follower is a machine that can follow a path !he path can be
"isible like a black line on a white surface #or "ice$"ersa% or it can be
in"isible like a magnetic field
Wh" to #$ilt a Line %ollowe!
&pplications'$
&utomated cars running on roads with embedded magnets#E(Celectronic stability control%) guidance system for industrial robots
mo"ing on shop floor etc
13-May-16 3
8/17/2019 Project Ppt line follower robot
4/24
BLOC& DIAGRAM
13-May-16 4
8/17/2019 Project Ppt line follower robot
5/24
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
13-May-16 5
8/17/2019 Project Ppt line follower robot
6/24
WOR&ING
13-May-16 6
8/17/2019 Project Ppt line follower robot
7/24
• Robot is following white line on black
background
Left sensor Right sensor Left motor Rightmotor
1 1 1 1
1 0 0 1
0 1 1 0
13-May-16 7
8/17/2019 Project Ppt line follower robot
8/24
13-May-16 8
• When a sensor is on the black line it reads * and when it is on the
bright surface read+' and sensor module gi"es the "alue tocontroller to generate control signal according to programmer
•When both right and left sensors are on bright surface #read +% then
both couple of motor mo"e
•When left sensor comes in black #for white line tracer% region then
left motor stops while right motor continue to mo"e so that left turn
takes place and robot returns on black line
•When right sensor comes in black region then right motor stops
while left motor continue to mo"e so that right turn takes place and
robot returns on black line
8/17/2019 Project Ppt line follower robot
9/24
13-May-16 9
•When both sensors comes on black surface simultaneously#read *% than both motor stop
•&fter mo"ement of left$ right motor of lifter the motor for
lifting and gripping mo"e one by one for some definite time
duration defined in program using timer of controller
•!he lifter and gripper arm ha"e "arious gear arrangement) so
that after mo"ement of each motor of arm one by one the arm
pick an ob,ect or work piece softly
•&fter mo"ement of gripper motor) all the motor of arm starts
mo"ing in re"erse direction of pre"ious mo"ement) one by one
Conti('
8/17/2019 Project Ppt line follower robot
10/24
13-May-16 10
•&fter picking an ob,ect by gripper and lifter arm) either left or right
wheel motor starts mo"ing until the robot re"erts his path and both
sensor comes on bright surface after crossing a black surface
between
•&t destination both sensors read * simultaneously) so that pre"ious
process is repeated and the ob,ect is now placed by same mo"ement
of motor
•!he robot re"ert its path and repeats the pick and place process
again and again continuously
8/17/2019 Project Ppt line follower robot
11/24
HARD WARE E)UIPMENTS:
-.WER (/--L0'$ 1 "olt 2C Battery 3 (olar -anel
4ICR.C.5!R.LLER #&!67(89%
2C :E&R 4.!.R
4.!.R 2RI;ER'$ L976*8
IR (E5(.R(
RE(I(!.R( 3 C&-&CI!.R(
-IC? 3 -L&CE &R4
13-May-16 11
8/17/2019 Project Ppt line follower robot
12/24
EMBEDDED S*STEMS
2efinition for '$ EMBEDDED S*STEMS
& combination of hardware and software which together
form a component of a larger machine
&n e@ample of an embedded system is a microprocessor that
controls an automobile engine
&n embedded system is designed to run on its own without
human inter"ention) and may be required to respond to
e"ents in real time
13-May-16 12
8/17/2019 Project Ppt line follower robot
13/24
Mi+o Contolle:
6?B of In$(ystem -rogrammable #I(-% Alash 4emory
=*; to 88; .perating Range
Crystal Arequency ++ 4H
!hree$le"el -rogram 4emory Lock
=*; to 88; .perating Range
981 @ 6$bit Internal R&4
8/17/2019 Project Ppt line follower robot
14/24
-ins D!&L+ and D!&L9 are pro"ided for connecting a
resonant network to form an oscillator
Crystal frequency ranges from +4H to 9= 4H) one crystal
of ++*8794H and two capacitor is connected in this two pins+7 and +6 and its your clock circuit
!he 6*8+ has an acti"e high reset pin) a reset input must go
high for two machine cycles when power is first applied andthen goes low
0Contin$e(1
8/17/2019 Project Ppt line follower robot
15/24
PIN DIAGRAM OF AT,-S./:
13-May-16 15
8/17/2019 Project Ppt line follower robot
16/24
So%twae Re2$ie3ents:
?eil Compiler
Language' Embedded C
8/17/2019 Project Ppt line follower robot
17/24
LM4/50COMPARATOR1
17
!he -orts takes two "oltage inputs at positi"e and negati"e pin
respecti"ely) compares them and gi"es a digital output in the form
of logical HI:H or logical L.W
IC L4
8/17/2019 Project Ppt line follower robot
18/24
IC 6,7.
18
& 8olta9e e9$lato is an electricalregulator designed to automatically maintain
a constant "oltage le"el
Heat sink pro"ided in the center to releaseheat generated due to drop across the IC
Input "oltage of about 8 to +6 ; is gi"en)
:round is * ; and regulated output of F8;
13-May-16
8/17/2019 Project Ppt line follower robot
19/24
L/-4D 0HBi;9e1
•
4otors are arranged in a fashion calledH$Bridge
• H$Bridge$It is an electronic circuit
which enables a "oltage to be applied
across a load in either direction
• It allows a circuit full control o"er a
standard electric 2C motor !hat is)
with an H$bridge) a microcontroller)
logic chip) or remote control can
electronically command the motor to go
forward) re"erse) brake) and coast
13-May-16 19
8/17/2019 Project Ppt line follower robot
20/24
IR TRANSMITTER 0 EMITTING DIODE1
• !he IR LE2 emitting infrared light is put on in
the transmitting unit IR or ;I(IBLE light is
emitted from the emitter
•
!his emitted light strikes the surface and getsreflected back If the surface is white) more
intensity of light gets reflected and for black
surface "ery less intensity of light is reflected
IR RECEI
8/17/2019 Project Ppt line follower robot
21/24
13-May-16 21
PIC& AND PLACE ROBOTIC ARM
8/17/2019 Project Ppt line follower robot
22/24
13-May-16 22
• (marter "ersions of line followers are used to deli"er mails
within office building and deli"er medications in a hospital
• !his technology has been suggested for running buses and
other mass transit systems and may end up as a part of
autonomous cars na"igating the freeway
• /sed in hea"y machinery industry
• /sed where high load and risky operation going on
• /se in place of the crane
FUTURE SCOPE
8/17/2019 Project Ppt line follower robot
23/24
13-May-16 23
REFERENCES :
•wwwa"rfreakscom) Microcontrollers,Atmel
• septiembre$9**+ wwwatmelcom• !he 6*8+ 4icrocontroller and Embedded (ystems /sing
&ssembly and C By 4uhammad &li 4aidi) Ganice :illispie
4aidi 3Rolin 24c?inley•&tmelCorp 4akers of the &;R microcontroller •wwwatmelcom•wwwelectronic pro,ectscom•wwwhowstuffworkscom
http://var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_1/http:%2F%2Fwww.avrfreaks.com,microcontrollers,atmel%2Fhttp://var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_1/http:%2F%2Fwww.avrfreaks.com,microcontrollers,atmel%2Fhttp://www.atmel.com/http://www.atmel.com/http://www.atmel.com/http://www.atmel.com/http://var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_1/http:%2F%2Fwww.avrfreaks.com,microcontrollers,atmel%2Fhttp://var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_1/http:%2F%2Fwww.avrfreaks.com,microcontrollers,atmel%2Fhttp://var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_1/http:%2F%2Fwww.avrfreaks.com,microcontrollers,atmel%2F
8/17/2019 Project Ppt line follower robot
24/24
13-May-16 24