Progress and poverty

Discussant

Cecilia F. Espinosa

Ed. D., 2015

Dr. Borjal ( Profs.)

Poverty

Progress

Poverty Vs. Progress

The state of being poor; lack of

the means of providing material

needs or comforts. While

Development, advancement, or

improvement, as toward a goal.

Poverty is general scarcity or dearth, or the state of one who lacks a certain amount of material possessions or money. It is a multifaceted concept, which includes social, economic political elements.

Progress

The elevation of standard of living

Poverty reduction

Poverty reduction is a major goal and issue for many international organizations such as the United Nationsand the World Bank

Causes of PovertyThe main causes of poverty in the country include the

following:

low to moderate economic growth for the past 40 years;

low growth elasticity of poverty reduction;

weakness in employment generation and the quality of jobs generated;

failure to fully develop the agriculture sector;

Causes of Poverty

high inflation during crisis periods;

high levels of population growth;

high and persistent levels of inequality (incomes and assets), which dampen the positive impacts of economic expansion; and

recurrent shocks and exposure to risks such as economic crisis, conflicts, natural disasters, and "environmental poverty."

Natural Disaster

Effect :POOR AND HOMELESS. Makeshift tents for poor families that have lost everything due to Super Typhoon Yolanda.

Natural calamities

Floods

Natural Calamities

After Floods

Earthquake

The impact of an Earthquake

Loss of lives, property

Other Causes of Poverty

Gambling

Corruptions

Sickness

Over Population

Inequality Employment

TOP PRIORITY. Economic planning secretary

Arsenio M. Balisacan says the top priority

remains to be significantly reducing poverty

through “massive generation of quality

employment.”

Insurgency

Employment

“Employment is a basic right and full employment should be the primary objective of economic policy… Nobody willing and ready to work for just a wage should be without a job. Society must be able to provide jobs for all.

An unemployed person is someone who is not working, but is seeking employment.

An underemployed person is someone who is only working part time and wants to be full time and also someone who is over qualified for the job he is in ( i.e, a rocket scientist working as a cab driver). In other words working at less than his full capacity or ability. . Inadequate Skills + Insufficient Jobs = High Unemployment/Underemployment

Unemployed and underemployed

Poverty Reduction and Empowerment of the Poor and Vulnerable

To translate the gains from good governance into direct, immediate and substantial benefits for the poor.

Poverty Reduction and Empowerment of the Poor and Vulnerable

Social Protection and Welfare

Education

Healthcare

Affordable Housing

Agrarian Reform

Progress

The elevation of status in life from poor to rich from rich to millionaires, from millionaires to billionaires.

Progressivisms 2

Believe that individuality, progress, and change are fundamental of one's education

Progress in transportation

Transportation

1 Land

transportation

1.1 Roads

1.2 Highways

1.3 Expressways

1.4 Railways

Water transportation

2 River ferries

2.3 Ferry services

2.4 Ports and harbors

3 Air transportation

3.1 Airports

3.2 Airlines

Progress in Education

1. Line education

2. Enhancement of Curriculum both Private and

Public

3. Many Courses to be Offered

Connection

The connection between progress and poverty lie in these laws governing the distribution of wealth:

a. Law of rent

b. Law of interest

c. Law of wages

d. Law of distribution

Law of Rent

The Law of Rent states that the rent of a land site is equal to the economic advantage obtained by using the site in its most productive use, relative to the advantage obtained by using marginal (i.e., the best rent-free) land for the same purpose, given the same inputs of labor and capital[2]

Whatever the production goes to land owner must necessarily determine what is left over from labor and capital.

Law of interest

Merchandise interest - 20%

Bank interest – deposited and loan interest plus the penalty

Housing- Principal plus interest plus penalty

Law of wages

=Mean a compensation paid to someone hired render services

Wages for manual labor

Salary for professionals

Law of wages

The Iron Law of Wages is a proposed law of economics that asserts that real wages always tend, in the long run, toward the minimum wage necessary to sustain the life of the worker

Law of distribution of wealth

Property

• Land – includes all natural resources

• Labor- the effect of labor saving improvement will be to extend the demand of the land.

Labor Policy

Labor Policy in the Philippines is specified mainly by the country’s through other labor laws. They cover 38 million Filipinos that belong to the labor force and to some extent, also the overseas workers. They aim to address Filipino workers’ legal rights and their limitations with regard to the hiring process, working conditions, benefits, policymaking on labor within the company, activities, and relations with employers.

Labor Policy

The Labor Code and other legislated labor laws are implemented primarily by government agencies, namely, Department of Labor and Employment and Philippine Overseas Employment Agency. Non-government entities, such as the trade unions and employers, also play a role in the country’s labor policy by actively ensuring their proper implementation and on the political level, by lobbying for development or modification of work-related laws.

Law of distribution of wealth

Land with settlers- settlers will organize an association and will seek the help of the Gov’t with the land owner with MOA agreed upon loaning thru CMP or known as Community Mortgaged Program. Acquired land thru CMP can be apply as a non-taxable or exempted from the capital gain .

Law of distribution of wealth

Land intended for Subdivision will apply land conversion to LRA/ Bureau of lands from agricultural land to residential. Land owner shall pay the property tax as a whole until the residential owner has fully paid.

Owners should pay the capital gain tax to the gov’t upon transferring the title to the another buyer

Connection

The connection between progress and poverty lie in these

laws governing the distribution of wealth:

a. Law of rent

b. Law of interest

c. Law of wages

d. Law of distribution

Law of Rent

Whatever the production goes to

land owner must necessarily

determine what is left over from

labor and capital.

Law of interest

Accrued interest- A term used to describe

an accrual accounting method

when interest that is either payable or

receivable has been recognized, but not

yet paid or received.

Law of wages

=Mean a compensation paid to someone hired

render services

Wages for manual labor

Salary for professionals

Law of wages

Labor Law-Body of rulings pertaining to working people and

their organizations, including trade unions and

employee unions, enforced by government agencies. There

are two categories of labor laws; collective and individual.

Collective labor law involves relationships between the union,

the employer and the employee. Individual labor law

involves concerns for employees' rights in the workplace.

Labor laws first became standard during the Industrial

Revolution. Also called employment law.

Law of distribution of wealth

Property

• Land – includes all natural

resources

• Labor- the effect of labor

saving improvement will be to

extend the demand of the

land.

Law of distribution of wealth

Land with settlers- settlers will organize an association and will

seek the help of the Gov’t with the land owner with MOA

agreed upon loaning thru CMP or known as Community

Mortgaged Program. Acquired land thru CMP can be apply as a

non-taxable or exempted from the capital gain .

Land intended for Subdivision will apply land conversion to LRA/

Beauru of lands from agricultural land to residential. Land owner

shall pay the property tax as a whole until the residential owner

has fully paid.

Owners should pay the capital gain tax to the gov’t upon

transferring the title to the another buyer.

Thank you very much for listening