Program Title: Programmable Logic Controllers (PLC) Expected behavior: Perform an automated solution using an API Laroussi ATTIA 1.

Program Title: Programmable Logic Controllers (PLC)

Expected behavior: Perform an automated solution using an API

Laroussi ATTIA1

What is an automated system ?General structure of an automated systemComponents of an automated systemInternal architecture of PLCsProgramming and loading the programAutomated system: Advantages and limitationsIntegrated Automated System

Laroussi ATTIA2

What is an automated system ?

3

An automated system is always made up of a control part and an operative part.

To operate this system, the operator (person who will operate the system) will give instructions to the control part. This will translate these instructions into commands which will be executed by the operative part. Once completed orders, the operative part will report it to the control part (she makes a report) will in turn report to the operator.

The operator can therefore say that the work has been done.

What is an automated system ?

Railroad Crossing

Coffee machine

Fire crossroads

Manufacturing unit

4

General structure of an automated system

An industrial programmable logic controller (PLC) is a programmable electronic machine with a not-IT staff intended to accomplish in industrial environments, and "real time" functions of automation logic, combinational and sequential.

5

Control Part

Operative part

Human Machine Interface

instructions

Report

Sensors

Preactuator

Components of an automated system

Operative Part

Actuator An actuator is constituent power that converts input energy into usable energy output for a defined physical action.

Order:• Logic (All or Nothing): Electric motor, actuator,

solenoid ...• Analog: Their action is variable depending on the

data set: speed drive, the regulating valves ...…

DefinitionThe PO performs the work of material changes and thus produces added value

6


Operative Part

7

heater

rotary actuator

Fan7 segment display

Stepper

Solenoid

cylinder

Lamp

motor current content


Preactuator

speed variator

Relays and contactors

pneumatic distributors

8


Sensors

9

level sensor

pushbutton

Limit sensor ultrasonic sensor

Photoelectric sensor


Sensors: Types of transmitted signals• LOGIC from binary information (presence YES = 1 or not

NO = 0). This is the case of the all or nothing binary sensors

•Digital Incremental encoder whose rotation, on one or more steps, resulting in a series of pulses counted by an interface (controller)

•ANALOG the signal is a physical quantity proportional to Information (thermal greatness, power, strength, etc ...). •They provide a continuous value over time of the quantities detected in the form of a voltage or an electric current usually normalize (0-10V or 4-20 mA)

10


SensorsLOGIC Digital Analog

Level sensor Encoder Thermometer

Limit switch Thermocouple

Shock sensor pressure sensor

Photoelectric sensor weighing cell

Capteur de proximité flowmeter

Bouton de commande Capteur d’ammoniac

Gas sensor

1 bit Between 10 et 16 bit 1 Word

0 : Not operate1: Operate Variation:

0-10 V4-20 mA

11

Composantes d’un système automatisé

Control Part

DefinitionThe PC manages orderly actuators to achieve the desired effects from an operating model and various instructions

The PC and PO information exchange among themselves: Reports in the direction OP PC Orders in the direction PC PO

The PC and PO are permanant relationship with the environment (operator, table signs, desk ...) Human Machine Interface

12

Internal architecture of PLCs

13

power supply

Internal architecture of PLCsCase study: TSX PLC Monobloc

14


CPUThe microprocessor performs all the logic functions AND, OR, the time functions, counting, calculation ... from a program stored in its memory.It is connected to other components (memory and I / O interface) by parallel connections called "BUS" that convey information in binary form.

CPU QuantumSchneider

CPU S7-300Siemens

15


Mémoires The memory area will allow:1. To receive the information from the input sensors2. To receive the information generated by the

processor and for the control outputs (value counters, timers, ...)

3. Receive and keep the process of the program

Possible action on a memory:1. WRITE to change the content of a program2. CLEAR to remove information that is no longer

needed3. READ to read the contents of a program without

changing the

16


Mémoires Technologie des mémoires :1. RAM (Random Acces Memory): in which one can read,

write and erase (contains the program)2. ROM (Read Only Memory): Still accessible only by

reading memory.3. EPROM erased with ultraviolet rays.4. E-EPROM reprogrammable electrical erase ROMs

17


Cutting Memories

18


Cutting Memories

19


Input Interfaces

Receive information from the sensors Processing the signal by keeping it in shape, eliminating

noise and electrically insulating the control unit of the operating part.

20


Output InterfacesOrder pre-actuators and elements of system signalsAdapt the voltage levels of the control unit to that of the

operational part of the system by ensuring galvanic isolation between the latter

21


Input / Output Interfaces

Symbole

Désignation Exemple

DIDigital InputEntrée Numérique

6ES7 321-1BH01-0AA0Module de 16 entrées TOR, 24V, par groupes de 16

Référence fabriquant(siemens)16 entrées logiques

DODigital OutputSortie Numérique

6ES7 322-1EL00-0AA0Module de 32 sorties TOR, 120 V c.a./1 A, par groupes de 8

Référence fabriquant(siemens)32 sorties logiques

AIAnalogique InputEntrée Analogique

6ES7 331-7KB81-0AB0Module de 2 entrées analogiques, 12...14 bits, pour conditions climatiques élargies

Référence fabriquant(siemens)2 entrées Analogiques

AOAnalogique OutputSortie Analogique

6ES7 332-5HF00-0AB0Module de sorties analogiques AO8/12Bit

Référence fabriquant(siemens)8 Sorties Analogiques

22

Automate Siemens S7-300

HMIHumain Machine Interface

Specifications API

Number of I / O and type (Discrete, Analog ...)Memory capacity (4K, 8K, 32K, 1M ...)Type of Memory (RAM, PROM, REPROM, EEPROM ...)Monobloc or Modular.Number of counters and timersAddressing and operation on bits

Quantitative characteristics Nano Automate 10 à 20 E / S

Micro Automate < 200 E / SAverage configuration 100 < E / S < 500Big configuration E / S > 500

Siemens LogoSiemens S7-200Siemens S7-300Siemens S7-400

Internal architecture of PLCs(PLC Siemens)

23

Internal architecture of PLCs(PLC Siemens)

The 6 best performing class CPU S7-300

24

Programming and program loading

The PLC programming requires:1- A PC or console2- A specific programming software for each brand / Range3- A program loader

Marque Gamme Logiciel Chargeur de programme

Siemens S5 STEP5 S5 PC-TTY

Siemens S7-300S7-400

STEP7 PC Adapter MPI

Siemens S7200 Micro-Win PC Adapter PPI

Schneider TSX Premium(57),TSX Micro(37),TSX Nano(07),TSX Naza(08)

PL7-Pro TSXPCX3030

25

Siemens Programme loader

PC AdapterMPI

CP5512 pour carte PCMCIA

PC AdapterPPI

S5 PC-TTY26

Automated system: Advantage and Limits

Limites Avantages

Coût

Sécurité

Temps

Pérennité

Coût

Morale

27

Automated Integrated System

28

Automated Integrated System

29

Thank you for your attention

30

Program Title: Programmable Logic Controllers (PLC) Expected behavior: Perform an automated solution using an API Laroussi ATTIA 1.

Documents