LOGO Profil Perikanan Indonesia & Dunia Suadi, Ph.D. Lab. Sosial Ekonomi Perikanan Jurusan Perikanan UGM E-mail: [email protected] http://suadi.staff.ugm.ac.id
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LOGO
Profil Perikanan Indonesia & Dunia
Suadi, Ph.D.
Lab. Sosial Ekonomi Perikanan Jurusan Perikanan UGM E-mail: [email protected] http://suadi.staff.ugm.ac.id
Definisi v Perikanan adalah semua kegiatan yang
berhubungan dengan pengelolaan dan pemanfaatan sumber daya ikan dan lingkungannya mulai dari praproduksi, produksi, pengolahan sampai dengan pemasaran, yang dilaksanakan dalam suatu sistem bisnis perikanan. (UU Perikanan 45/2009)
v a fishery refers to the interaction of human harvest activities, environmental conditions, and the population dynamics associated with one or more species of fish (Hackett 2006).
Sistem Perikanan
Faktor eksternal
seperti perubahan iklim Faktor eksternal seperti kebijakan pemerintah
Kebijakan dan Perencanaan
Pengelolaan
perikanan
Pengemba-
ngan
perikanan Penelitian
perikanan
Faktor eksternal seperti kebijakan ekonomi makro, struktur pasar, dll
Pemukiman
dan
komunitas
Pasca
Panen &
pasar
Nelayan
dan sarana
penangkapan ikan
Sumber: Widodo dan Suadi 2006, modifikasi dari Charles 2001
Sumber: SOFIA 2014
Sumber: SOFIA 2010, 2014
Sumber: SOFIA 2014
Sumber: SOFIA 2010, 2014
Annual growth rate Aquaculture vs agriculture
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
1970-1979
1980-1989
1990-1999
2000-2009 Meat
Milk
Eggs
Cereals
Fruit
Vegetables
Aquaculture
%
Source: Slide from Vannuccini, 2011
Harga pangan terus melambung
Sumber: SOFIA 2014
Produksi Perikanan Indonesia
PRODUKSI HASIL PERIKANAN 2006 - 2010
4.81 5.04 5.00 5.11 5.38
2.68 3.19 3.86
4.71 5.48
7.49 8.24
8.86 9.82
10.86
-
2.00
4.00
6.00
8.00
10.00
12.00
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Capture Fisheries Aquaculture Fisheries Total Production (MT)
PDB Perikanan
Permintaan ikan dunia
Sumber: Josupeit and Franz 2003
Utilization of fish production and per capita fish supply
Sumber: SOFIA 2014
Fish Exports in Value (2004)
Others21%
Shrimp16%
Freshwater2%Tuna
9%Salmon
9%
Small pelagics7%
Groundfish15%
Cephalopods5%
Molluscs (other)
5%
Fishmeal3%
Fish oil1%
Crustaceans (others)
7%
Sumber: Josupeit 2006
Perikanan mendominasi ekspor produk pangan
Perikanan = komoditas ekspor
Source: SOFIA 2008, 2012, 2014
1985
1995
2005
1989
1999
2009
1991
2001
2011
EKSPOR HASIL PERIKANAN 2006 - 2010
926,477 854,329
911,674 881,413
1,109,495
2,103,472 2,258,920
2,699,683 2,466,201
2,860,000
1,500,000
2,500,000
3,500,000
4,500,000
400,000
600,000
800,000
1,000,000
1,200,000
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
US$ BILLION MT
Volume (MT) Value (US$ Billion)
EKSPOR KOMODITAS UTAMA, 2010
145,092 122,450
622,932
21,537
191,564
1,056,399
383,230
898,039
208,424 317,738
0
200,000
400,000
600,000
800,000
1,000,000
1,200,000
Shrimp Tuna, skipjack
Other fish Crab Other
Volume (MT) Value (US$ Billion)
Source: Deperindag online21
Fisheries as the main agricultural export commodities
Ekspor komoditas pangan Indonesia
Source:Deperindagonline
NegaratujuaneksporprodukperikananIndonesia
22 Suadi – Japan-Indonesia Fisheries - IASA 2008
Japanasthemainpartner
Indonesia’sfisheriesexportperformance,1962-2007
Source:UNComtradeSITCRev.1code03 23
Indonesian Shrimps Export Strategies24
Suadi – Japan-Indonesia Fisheries -
IASA 2008
Tantangan Supply/Stok Sumberdaya Ikan
Perikanan Tangkap menurun laju pertumbuhannya!
SOFIA 2012
Period
Production Fishers Fishing vessels Productivity
Average(ton)
Growth(%)
Average(people)
Growth(%)
Average(units)
Growth
(%)
Motorized boat Fishers Vessels
(%) Growth(%)
(ton/fishers)
Growth (%)
(ton/vessels)
Growth(%)
1951-1955 375,200 6.2 389,200 9.4 97,340 11.6 0.5 57.1 1.0 -3.0 3.9 -4.8
1956-1960 413,400 -0.4 619,000 12.6 154,220 6.9 1.2 17.7 0.7 -11.5 2.7 -6.8
1961-1965 574,600 5.9 859,000 2.6 219,940 4.8 2.9 10.2 0.7 3.2 2.6 1.1
1966-1970 734,800 2.9 866,500 n.a. 266,342 5.4 2.7 -12.2 0.8 n.a. 2.8 -2.4
1971-1975 898,200 5.0 n.a. n.a. 270,024 -2.5 4.3 23.4 n.a. n.a. 3.4 7.7
1976-1980 1,236,000 6.6 910,571 8.0 254,029 2.8 10.9 23.5 1.4 -1.3 4.9 3.7
1981-1985 1,623,200 6.7 1,279,102 2.4 306,664 1.7 28.0 6.4 1.3 4.2 5.3 4.9
1986-1990 2,150,347 5.4 1,427,071 2.9 318,095 0.0 31.1 0.0 1.5 2.4 6.0 3.4
1991-1995 2,897,800 6.7 1,814,857 4.7 380,805 -0.8 36.5 3.2 1.6 2.0 7.6 3.3
1996-2000 3,642,200 3.0 2,262,590 4.9 427,948 1.8 44.9 5.2 1.6 -1.8 8.5 1.0
2001-2005 4,230,356 2.7 2,370,315 -5.3 512,443 4.4 60.2 13.0 1.7 4.4 8.3 -1.6
Fisheries toward a limits on growth
27 Sources: Calculated from various series of Fisheries Statistics, Krisnandhi 1967
GRAFIK TARGET LAJU PENINGKATAN PRODUKSI PERIKANAN BUDIDAYA 2005-2014
Pencapaian Target
Produksi (Juta Ton)
Ekspor - Impor Perikanan (US$)
0
50,000,000
100,000,000
150,000,000
200,000,000
250,000,000
0
500,000,000
1,000,000,000
1,500,000,000
2,000,000,000
2,500,000,000
3,000,000,000
Fish Export Fish Import
NILAI IMPOR HASIL PERIKANAN 2006 - 2010
184,240 145,227
280,179 331,893
369,282 165,720
142,750
267,659 300,261
391,815
50,000
150,000
250,000
350,000
450,000
50,000
200,000
350,000
500,000
650,000
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
US$ Billion MT
Volume (MT) Value (US$ Billion)
Importir Ikan di Indonesia
4% 0%
8% 3%
27%
7%
1%
6% 1% 3%
1% 1%
4%
14%
3% 8%
9%
Japan
Hongkong
Rep of Korea
Taiwan
China
Thailand
Singapura
Malaysia
Myanmar
Vietnam
India
Pakistan
Australia
USA
Chile
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