2/18/2009 1 ADVANCES IN THE DEVELOPMENT ADVANCES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF INDIGENOUS COMPUTATIONAL OF INDIGENOUS COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS (CFD) SOFTWARE FLUID DYNAMICS (CFD) SOFTWARE IN MALAYSIA IN MALAYSIA Mohd Zamri Y soff Mohd Zamri Yusoff Centre for Advanced Computational Engineering College of Engineering Universiti Tenaga Nasional UNITEN Generates Professionals Contents CFD & Fluid Governing Equations Introduction Improved Numerical Formulations VRSIM CFD Software FLOWSIM CFD Software High Speed Transient Flows Two Phase Condensing Flows Conclusions UNITEN Generates Professionals
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Professorial Lecture Feb 2009 Final Version Notes2 Lecture...Overview of CFD Introduction CFD & Fluid Governing Equations Improved Numerical Formulations VRSIM CFD Software FLOWSIM
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2/18/2009
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ADVANCES IN THE DEVELOPMENT ADVANCES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF INDIGENOUS COMPUTATIONAL OF INDIGENOUS COMPUTATIONAL
FLUID DYNAMICS (CFD) SOFTWARE FLUID DYNAMICS (CFD) SOFTWARE IN MALAYSIAIN MALAYSIA
Mohd Zamri Y soffMohd Zamri YusoffCentre for Advanced Computational Engineering
College of EngineeringUniversiti Tenaga Nasional
UNITEN Generates Professionals
Contents
CFD & Fluid Governing Equations
Introduction
Improved Numerical Formulations
VRSIM CFD Software
FLOWSIM CFD Software
High Speed Transient Flows
Two Phase Condensing Flows
Conclusions
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Contents
CFD & Fluid Governing Equations
IntroductionIntroduction
Improved Numerical Formulations
VRSIM CFD Software
FLOWSIM CFD Software
High Speed Transient Flows
Two Phase Condensing Flows
Conclusions
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IntroductionConcept of Simulation of Reality
Real World Phenomena
PREDICTION OF REAL WORD
PHENOMENA
Fundamental Laws of Nature EmpiricalPhenomena
Further Simplifications Direct Numerical Solution
with Computer
Mathematical Models
Empirical Models
of Nature + Assumptions
Empirical Observation
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Analytical Solutions Numerical
Solutions
with Computer
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Introduction
Real World Phenomena
All the mathematical sciences are founded on relations between
physical laws and laws of numbers, so that the aim of exact science is to Phenomenareduce the problems of nature to the
determination of quantities by operations with numbers
James Clerk Maxwell (1856)
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IntroductionFluid Flow Simulations
Fluid Flow Phenomena
PREDICTION OF FLUID
FLOW PHENOMENA
Conservation Laws of Nature EmpiricalPhenomena
Further Simplifications Direct Numerical Solution
with Computer
Navier-Stokes Equation
Turbulence & Other Models
of Nature+ Assumptions
Empirical Observation
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Analytical Solutions CFD
Solutions
with Computer
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What is CFD ?Formal Definition : CFD is the Analysis of Systems Involving
Fluid Flow, Heat Transfer and Associated Phenomena Such as Chemical Reactions By Means of Computer-Based Simulation
(Verstegg & Malalasekera, 1995)( gg , )
Layman Definition : It is the attempt to predict, quantitatively if possible, what will happen if, for example:• a kettle is placed on the hot-plate of an electric cooker;• a wind-turbine is placed on a hill-top; • an ignited explosive forces a bullet from a gun;• a swimmer dives into water; or
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• a parachutist falls gradually to the ground(Brian Spalding, 2007 on his 80th Birthday Lecture)
Why Use CFD ?
Analysis and Design : Simulation-based design instead of experiment-based
Substantial reduction of lead times and cost of new designAbility to do ‘What-If’ scenario analysis
Ability to study systems where controlled experiments are difficult or impossible to perform
Full scale system e.g ship hull, aircrafty g p ,Ability to study system under hazardous conditionsVery large system e.g weather prediction
CFD code needs to be customized for accurate prediction of model-dependent fluid flow problem beca se of the comple it of the fl id flo sbecause of the complexity of the fluid flows
The cost of acquiring a commercial CFD software is very expensive which excludes Semi and Medium Scale Enterprises from acquiring the technology
The complexity requires user of a CFD software to have good understanding of the mathematical,have good understanding of the mathematical, physical principles of CFD and limitations of computational methods
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Development of Indigenous CFD Software in UNITEN
The ultimate aim is to produce a low cost CFD software that can be used by local industry including y y gthe Semi and Medium Scale Enterprises (SME)
Two-Phase
NEWRK(2D Euler)
FLOWSIM Software
Suite
Compressible Flow2D & 3DStructured & Unstructured
VRSIMIncompressible Flow3D
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FlowsVRSIM
Software3DStructured Cartesian
Improved Numerical Schemes
Transient High Speed Flow
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Contents
Overview of CFD
Introduction
CFD & Fluid Governing Equations
Improved Numerical Formulations
VRSIM CFD Software
FLOWSIM CFD Software
High Speed Transient Flows
Two Phase Condensing Flows
Conclusions
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CFD & Fluid Governing EquationsSome Quotes From the Holy Qur’an : -
"It is He who gives life and death, and when He ordains a thing, He says only 'Be' and it is"
(Al-Mukmin:68)
"He gave everything its form, then gave it guidance" (Taha:50) … His creation obeys His rules, or "laws of nature", which enables them to fit into the order of
thi
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things
“We have created all things in due measure" (Al-Qamar:49)
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CFD & Fluid Governing Equations
“We are to admit no more causes of natural things than such as are both true and sufficient to explain
their appearances … To this purpose the philosophers say that Nature does nothing in vain,
and more is in vain when less will serve, for Nature is l d ith i li it d ff t t th f
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pleased with simplicity, and affect not the pomp of superfluous causes”
Isaac Newton (Rule 1, Book II of Principia, 1687)
CFD & Fluid Governing EquationsLaw of conservation of mass
Law of conservation of x, y and z momentum ~ Newton’s 2nd Law
Law of
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conservation of Energy ~ First Law of Thermodynamics
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CFD & Fluid Governing EquationsLaw of conservation of mass
Law of
( ) 0Vt
=•∇+∂∂ ρρ
conservation of x, y and z momentum ~ Newton’s 2nd Law
Law of
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conservation of Energy ~ First Law of Thermodynamics
Contents
CFD & Fluid Governing Equations
Introduction
Improved Numerical Formulations
VRSIM CFD Software
FLOWSIM CFD SoftwareFLOWSIM CFD Software
High Speed Transient Flows
Two Phase Condensing Flows
Conclusions
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FLOWSIM CFD Software
CFD Software Developed in UNITENThe Aim is to Develop a Compressible 3D NavierStokes Solver for Arbitrarily Complex GeometryStokes Solver for Arbitrarily Complex Geometry Over Wide Flow Regime6 Software Modules for 2D and 3D FlowsGUI for FLOWSIM
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FLOWSIM Software Modules
FLOWSIM-PRE : Geometry, Mesh Generator and Pre-Processor for SQUAD2D
FLOWSIM POST Post Processor for SQUAD2DFLOWSIM-POST : Post-Processor for SQUAD2D
VRSIM – Virtual Room SIMulatorFull-Fledged CFD software – Geometry Creation, Mesh Generator, Pre-Processor, Solver & Post ProcessorDeveloped in Collaboration with OYL R&D CentreThe First Complete CFD Software in MalaysiaSpecifically for Indoor Air-Flow SimulationAllow Non-Expert to Use CFD for Simulating and Visualizing Thermal Properties in Enclosed RoomDesigned with Minimal User Inputs
Transient High Speed Viscous Flow in Real Shock TubeFlow Direction
Dead Flow Region
Reattachment Point
Shear Layer
(P
a)
5.0E+05
6.0E+05
7.0E+05
0.02
0.025
0.03
se
c]
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Time (sec)
Pr
es
su
re
(
0 0.01 0.02 0.03
2.0E+05
3.0E+05
4.0E+05EXPCFD-Angle 5
NX=456NY=21Dia=14 mm
0
0.005
0.01
0.015
Ti
me
[s
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5
Distance [m]X
Y
Z
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High Speed Transient Flows
Transient High Speed Viscous Flow in Real Shock Tube
Temperature Transient
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High Speed Transient Flows
Transient High Speed Viscous Flow in Real Shock TubeComparisons with Experiment and 1D Theoretical Solution
5.5750
Sh
oc
kS
tr
en
gt
hP
2/
P1
3.5
4
4.5
5
TheoreticalCFDMeasured S
ho
ck
sp
ee
d[
m/
s]
600
625
650
675
700
725
TheoreticalCFDMeasured
ck
Ma
ch
1.9
1.95
2
2.05
2.1
2.15
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Pressure Ratio P4/P1
S
10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55
3
Pressure Ratio P4/P110 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55
575
600
Pressure Ratio
Sh
oc
10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55
1.65
1.7
1.75
1.8
1.85TheoreticalCFDMeasured
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High Speed Transient Flows
Transient High Speed Viscous Flow in Shock TunnelVelocity Transient
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High Speed Transient Flows
Transient High Speed Viscous Flow in Shock TunnelVelocity Transient
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Contents
CFD & Fluid Governing Equations
Introduction
Improved Numerical Formulations
VRSIM CFD Software
FLOWSIM CFD Software
High Speed Transient Flows
Two Phase Condensing Flows
Conclusions
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Two Phase Condensing Flow
Two Phase Condensing Flow
Extension to Include the Effect of Two-Phase Condensing Flows of SteamApplication to Cascade of LP Turbine BladeApplication to Cascade of LP Turbine Blade
DRY WET
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Two Phase Condensing Flow
Application to Cascade of LP Turbine Blade
Contours of Contours of Constant Wetness Constant Wetness FractionFraction
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Condensation Starts HereCondensation Starts Here
Two Phase Condensing Flow
Application to Cascade of LP Turbine Blade
DRYDRY WETWET
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Shock WaveShock Wave CondensationCondensation
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Two Phase Condensing Flow
Application to Cascade of LP Turbine Blade –Predicted Blade Efficiency Comparisons with Experiment
CFD has become an indispensible design and analysis tool in industryDevelopment of an indigenous CFD technology andDevelopment of an indigenous CFD technology and expertise is very strategic for the progress of Malaysian industryA significant progress has been achieved towards developing an indigenous CFD software in MalaysiaThe CFD software has been applied to various test ppcases across wide flow regimesThe results shows very good agreement with experimental and other numerical predictions
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Moving Forward
Development of general unstructured mesh generator for 3D complex geometryExtension of Normalized Variable Formulation toExtension of Normalized Variable Formulation to general 3D flowsDevelopment of 3D solver based on Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM)Development of solver for fluid-structure interaction simulation – Collocated Finite Volume MethodDevelopment of solver based on Boundary Element Method (BEM)Development of Mesh-less MethodUtilization of Grid Computing in CFD simulation