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1. Dr Sitaram Khadka PharmD(Pak),PGDDM(Ind),RPh Clinical
Pharmacist Shree Birendra Hospital, Chhauni Teaching
Professionalism in Clinical Pharmacy Practice
2. The goal of clinical pharmacy education is to prepare
pharmacists with the appropriate skills, attitudes, knowledge, and
values to make them competent professionals.
3. Clinical Pharmacy as a Profession Clinical pharmacists are
practitioners who provide comprehensive medication management and
related care for patients in all health care settings They are
licensed pharmacists with specialized advanced education and
training who possess the clinical competencies necessary to
practice in team- based, direct patient care environments
4. Pharmacist Professional Commercial Personal Skill Attitude
Knowledge
5. Profession and Professionalism Profession The existence of a
specialized body of knowledge, possession and the use of which
enables to perform a highly useful social function. Society depends
on the smooth functioning of the professions. Occupation or trade
Vs Profession
6. Profession Specialized Training/ Formal Education Service
Orientatio n Leader ship Ethics/ Ideology Knowledge & Skills
Accounta bility to work Recognized setting Pride in Profession
7. Professionalism Merriam-Websters defines professionalism as
a set of attitudes and behaviors believed to be appropriate to a
particular occupation American Pharmacists Association Students of
Pharmacy (now the Academy of Student Pharmacists) and the AACP
(American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy) has described
professionalism as the active demonstration of the traits of a
professional.
8. Professionalism: comprised of attitudes and behaviors.
Attitudes often described and measured because of their
relationship to behaviors. A professional attitude a feeling,
emotion, or thought that upholds the ideals of a profession and
serves as the basis for professional behavior.
9. Attitudinal attributes of professionals are: Use of the
professional organization as a major reference, Belief in service
to the public, Sense of calling to the field, Autonomy.
10. Professional behavior can also be described as behavioral
professionalism behaving in a manner to achieve optimal outcomes in
professional tasks and interactions
11. Professional attitudes and corresponding behaviors Attitude
Behavior Accountability Takes responsibility for actions Caring
Volunteering Acts of service Desire for Self- improvement Continued
learning Self-instruction Diversity Fair treatment of all people
regardless of demographic characteristics Honesty Behaviors that
demonstrate honesty and trustworthiness Open-minded Increased
receptiveness to new ideas Respect Dresses appropriately Punctual
Maintains confidentiality Responsibility to learn Comes to
workplace prepared Actively participates in class activities, such
as engages in discussion Team Player Engages in constructive peer
assessment Accepts and applies constructive critique Values new
experience Desire to seek out and take on new challenges
12. Character Personal Reliabilit y Connection Interpersona l
Compatibilit y Competenc e Profession al Capability Professionalism
in Pharmacy
13. As given by American College of Clinical Pharmacology
(ACCP) Tenets of Professionalism for Pharmacy Students: Altruism
Honesty and integrity Respect for others Professional presence
Professional stewardship Dedication and commitment to
excellence
14. Clinical pharmacist Professionalism n Ethics Clinical
pharmacists have a covenantal, fiducial relationship with their
patients. This relationship relies on the trust placed in the
clinical pharmacist by the patient and the commitment of the
clinical pharmacist to act in the best interest of individual
patients and patient populations, within the context of legal and
ethical parameters. Clinical pharmacists exhibit the traits of
professionalism: responsibility, commitment to excellence, respect
for others, honesty and integrity, and care and compassion. They
subscribe to the pharmacy professions code of ethics and adhere to
all pharmacist-related legal and ethical standards.
15. Teaching professionalism
16. Professionalization or the development of professionalism
must begin at the earliest stage of professional education.
17. The greatest influence on students attitudes and behaviors
are: 1.The values and behaviors that students bring into
professional programs 2. Role models in the profession 3.
Environments
18. It is important to remember that students can be negatively
socialized just as easily as they can be positively socialized. If
a student comes into a program with values incompatible with those
of the profession and the academic program, has negative role
models and learns to practice in an unprofessional environment,
there is a probability that student will neither develop nor
exhibit a high level of professionalism.
19. Colleges may have some or limited control over the
influential factors for professionalism. More personal admission
processes can help us to identify students attitudes as well as
some personality traits, communication skills and other
abilities.
20. Students role models come in the form of more senior
students, teaching assistants, faculty members & staff,
administrators. We need to ask ourselves are these parties serving
as positive professional role models for our students? If the
answer is NO, then why not? What can the colleges do to enhance the
professionalism of these role models in their interactions with our
students/practitioners?
21. Colleges have some control over the learning environment.
How professional are our classrooms and laboratories? faculty
members offices? the physical building(s) itself? How professional
are the experiential settings in which students are practicing?
These questions need to be answered to be able to establish
programs to foster professional attitudes and behaviors.
22. Four phases of the educational process where colleges could
help to identify, develop and enhance student professionalism:
Recruitment, Admissions, Educational programs, and Interface with
practice.
23. Examples The colleges code of ethics/conduct. Admissions
criteria, policies, and procedures should give consideration not
only to scholastic accomplishments, but also to other factors such
as motivation, hospitals, Communities and communication
capabilities. Efforts should be made in the selection of students
to foster diversity.
24. Why is Professionalism important? Impression of you
Impression of the profession Credibility Improved relationships
Healthcare team Patients Career security
25. Professionalism is not sportsmanshipif you dont succeed,
you wont be in your profession for long
26. Challenges in teaching professionalism Lack of
understanding HOW to teach and evaluate professionalism
Communication barriers Generation gap Discomfort with discussing
professionalism Incomplete professionalization of the practice
environment
27. Strategies for teaching professionalism in clinical
practice Before the learner begins Set expectations for
professional behavior as they relate to our practice site Absences
and tardiness Following a standard practice schedule Examine your
practice environment Is it conducive to professional behavior?
28. Dress code Variation with specific patient populations
Subject matter/Clinical skills Better outcome Interactions with
patients and other health care providers Emphasis on service and
patient loyalty
29. When the learner begins... Incorporate professionalism
discussion into orientation What does professionalism mean to you
as a pharmacist? Why is it important? How will it be evaluated and
assessed during this experience?
30. Review specific expectations Policies related to dress
code, tardiness, patient confidentiality, cell phone use Review
evaluation criteria and consequences of failing to meet
expectations for professional behavior.
31. Pharmaceutical code of ethics Generally evolved from the
medical code of ethics. Include guidelines for the pharmacists
behavior and attitude both at the personal and professional levels.
Basis of moral values The Pharmacist- Patient relationship. The
Pharmacist- Colleagues relationship. The pharmacists
self-improvement at the professional level. Duties of pharmacists:
Pharmacist in relation to his job Pharmacist in relation to his
trade Pharmacist in relation to medical profession Pharmacist in
relation to his profession
32. Professionalism isnt JUST the job you DO...its HOW you DO
the job