Production of Biomethane/Synthetic Natural Gas (SNG) from Dry Biomass – A Technology Review 2016 Serge Biollaz, Tilman Schildhauer Paul Scherrer Institut, Switzerland Jörgen Held Renewtec AB, Sweden Reinhard Seiser University of California San Diego, USA
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Production of Biomethane/Synthetic
Natural Gas (SNG) from Dry Biomass –
A Technology Review 2016
Serge Biollaz, Tilman Schildhauer
Paul Scherrer Institut, Switzerland
Jörgen Held
Renewtec AB, Sweden
Reinhard Seiser
University of California San Diego, USA
Outline
• Introduction
• Scale, unit operation/building block, carbon- & sulphur management
• Short presentation of selected projects
• Concepts for large and medium-scale plants
• Conclusions
• Needs for small-scale plants
• R&D trends
• Summary and Outlook
0
5
10
15
1 10 100 1000
Biomass input [MWFuel]
bio
me
tha
ne
pro
du
cti
on
co
st
[c€
/kW
h]
~ large ~ medium ~ small
biomass, thermo-chemical
coal, thermo-chemical
Indicative classification
for different scales:
GoBIGas I E.On Bio2G
biogas
GoBIGas I
(in operation)
GoBIGas II
(planned)
Bio2G
(planned)
hSNG: 60 … 70 %
hheat: 0 … 20 %
biomass, biological
Scale of SNG/Biomethane Installations
biogas
Feedstock input [MWFeedstock]
Gasification Methanation Gas conditioning
for natural gas grid
dust, S, Cl, (CO2), etc. H2O, CO2, (H2)
SNG Biomass Gas cleaning &
- conditioning
For each process step several options exist
Conversion Process “Dry Biomass-to-SNG” Multiple concepts & combination of unit operation exist
Biomass and Bioenergy. 2009, 33, 1587 – 1604, M. Gassner, F. Maréchal
Wood
SNG
CO2
Find the “best” combination
Gasification Methanation Gas conditioning
for natural gas grid
SNG Biomass Gas cleaning &
- conditioning
Conversion Process “Dry Biomass-to-SNG” Carbon management
CO + 3 H2 CH4 + H2O methanation
CO + H2O CO2 + H2 water gas shift
C2H4 + 2 H2O 2 CO + 4 H2 steam reforming
C2H4 + x H2 C2H6, CH4 hydrogenation
C + ½ O2 CO gasification
C + H2O CO + H2 steam gasification
C + CO2 2 CO CO2 gasification
Gasification
Methanation, shift, etc.
x = 1 or 2
Gasification Methanation Gas conditioning
for natural gas grid
dust, S, Cl, (CO2), etc. H2O, CO2, (H2)
SNG Biomass Gas cleaning &
- conditioning
Conversion Process “Dry Biomass-to-SNG” Sulphur management
C4H4S + 4 H2 H2S + C4H10 hydrodesulfurisation
H2S + Me(O) MeS + H2(O) chemisorption
Sulfur chemistry
MeS + 1.5 O2 MeO + SO2 regeneration
COS + H2O CO2 + H2S hydrolysis
Outline
• Introduction
• Scale, unit operation/building block, carbon- & sulphur management
• Short presentation of selected projects
• Concepts for large and medium-scale plants
• Conclusions
• Needs for small-scale plants
• R&D trends
• Summary and Outlook
Large-scale Thermo-chemical Conversion: Coal
• Dakota Gasification Company: Great Plains Synfuels Plant
• New coal-to-SNG in China (4’000 MWfuel, coal) : Siemens, Haldor Topsoe