Production of Biomethane/Synthetic Natural Gas (SNG) from Dry Biomass – A Technology Review 2015 Serge Biollaz, Tilman Schildhauer Paul Scherrer Institut, Switzerland Jörgen Held Renewtec AB, Sweden Reinhard Seiser University of California San Diego, USA
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Production of Biomethane/Synthetic
Natural Gas (SNG) from Dry Biomass –
A Technology Review 2015
Serge Biollaz, Tilman Schildhauer
Paul Scherrer Institut, Switzerland
Jörgen Held
Renewtec AB, Sweden
Reinhard Seiser
University of California San Diego, USA
Gasification Methanation Gas conditioning
for natural gas grid
dust, S, Cl, (CO2), etc. H2O, CO2, (H2)
SNG Biomass Gas cleaning &
- conditioning
For each process step several options exist
Biomass and Bioenergy. 2009, 33, 1587 – 1604, M. Gassner, F. Maréchal
Find the “best” combination
Power-to-Gas
Conversion Process “Biomass-to-SNG” Multiple concepts & combination of unit operation exist
Gasification Methanation Gas conditioning
for natural gas grid
SNG Biomass Gas cleaning &
- conditioning
Conversion Process “Biomass-to-SNG” Carbon management
CO + 3 H2 CH4 + H2O methanation
CO + H2O CO2 + H2 water gas shift
C2H4 + 2 H2O 2 CO + 4 H2 steam reforming
C2H4 + x H2 C2H6, CH4 hydrogenation
C + ½ O2 CO gasification
C + H2O CO + H2 steam gasification
C + CO2 2 CO CO2 gasification
Gasification
Methanation, shift, etc.
x = 1 or 2
Gasification Methanation Gas conditioning
for natural gas grid
dust, S, Cl, (CO2), etc. H2O, CO2, (H2)
SNG Biomass Gas cleaning &
- conditioning
Conversion Process “Biomass-to-SNG” Sulfur management
C4H4S + 4 H2 H2S + C4H10 hydrodesulfurisation
H2S + Me(O) MeS + H2(O) chemisorption
Sulfur chemistry
MeS + 1.5 O2 MeO + SO2 regeneration
COS + H2O CO2 + H2S hydrolysis
0
5
10
15
1 10 100 1000
Biomass input [MWFuel]
bio
me
tha
ne
pro
du
cti
on
co
st
[c€
/kW
h]
~ large ~ medium ~ small
biomass, thermo-chemical
biogas
coal, thermo-chemical
Indicative classification
for different scales:
GoBIGas I E.On Bio2G
biogas
GoBIGas I GoBIGas II
(planning)
Bio2G
(planning)
hRNG: 60 … 70 %
hheat: 0 … 20 %
biomass, biological
Scale of SNG/RNG/Biomethane Installations
EF
Gasification technologies: HPR: Heat pipe Reformer DFB: Dual Fluidized Bed
BFB: Bubbling Fluidized Bed CFB: Circulating Fluidized Bed EF: Entrained Flow
Selected key Technologies for SNG production Application Range
Large-scale Thermo-chemical Conversion: Coal
• Dakota Gasification Company: Great Plains Synfuels Plant
• New coal-to-SNG in China (4’000 MWfuel, coal) : Siemens, Haldor Topsoe