Product Quality

PRODUCT QUALITY

By

Tosha Chaniyari L-007

Pramod Kumar L-008

Arpan Garg L-009

Aashee Garg L-010

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INTRODUCTION

DEFINITION:

• “The group of features and characteristics of a saleable good which

determine its desirability and which can be controlled by a

manufacturer to meet certain basic requirements defines product

quality”.

• Product quality is the product's ability to fulfil the expectations and

needs set by the end user

DUPLICATE PRODUCT ORIGINAL PRODUCT

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CLASSIFICATION

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IMPORTANT FACTORS FOR

PRODUCT QUALITY

• THEY INCLUDE :-

oThe type of raw materials used for making a product.

oHow well are various production-technologies implemented?

oSkill and experience of manpower that is involved in the production process.

oAvailability of production-related overheads like power and water supply, transport, etc.

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SPECIFICATION AND

CHARACTERISTICS

Specifications and product characteristics include

• Dimensions :- length, diameter, thickness or area

• Physical properties :- weight, volume or strength

• Electrical properties :- resistance, voltage or current

• Appearance :- finish, colour or texture

• Functional qualities :- output or kilometre per litre

• Effects on service :- taste, feel or noise level.

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NEED FOR PRODUCT QUALITY

• If a product fulfils the customer’s expectations, the customer will be

pleased and consider that the product is of acceptable or even high

quality.

• Quality needs to be defined, which vary from product to product.

• To ensure product quality, the entire process of producing the product

must be “Established” and “Streamlined”.

This invariably includes:-

• Fixing product specifications.

• Preparing product design.

• Procuring suitable raw materials.

• Preparation for manufacture.

• Manufacturing and post manufacturing.

• End/Final product in the hands of the customer.6

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NEED FOR PRODUCT QUALITY

(contd)..• In many instances, however, the correction of quality deficiencies is

also required at the end of the process since in spite of all the efforts

made, the required quality will sometimes not be attained and a

company may be faced with a pile of scrap and rework.

• Corrective and preventative actions have to be taken to avoid

unnecessary wastage and rework.

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FOCUS ON PRODUCT QUALITY

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PARAMETERS OF PRODUCT QUALITY

Eight Parameters can be used at a strategic level to analyse

product quality characteristics. They are as follows :-

• Performance

• Features

• Reliability

• Conformance

• Durability9

• Serviceability

• Aesthetics

• Perceived Quality

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PERFORMANCE

• Performance refers to a product's primary operating

characteristics. This dimension of quality involves measurable

attributes; brands can usually be ranked objectively on

individual aspects of performance.

0-60 mph – 2.7sec0-60 mph – 9secAcceleration

Bugatti Toyota Prius

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FEATURES

• Features are additional characteristics that enhance the

appeal of the product or service to the user.

• Secondary aspects of performance.

• Ex :- Cruise control, Leather seats, Smart parking

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RELIABILITY

• Reliability is the likelihood that a product will not fail

within a specific time period. This is a key element for

users who need the product to work without fail.

• The likelihood that the product will not fail within a

specific time period.

• The common measure of reliability is the failure rate per

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CONFORMANCE

• Conformance is the precision with which the product or

service meets the specified standards.

• To what extent the product design and the operating

characteristics meet the pre-established standards.

• Service businesses measures is of conformance normally

focus on accuracy and frequent mistakes. 13

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DURABILITY

• Durability measures the length of a product’s life. When

the product can be repaired, estimating durability is more

complicated. The item will be used until it is no longer

economical to operate it.

• Reliability and Durability are closely linked

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SERVICE ABILITY

• Serviceability is the speed with which the product can be

put into service when it breaks down.

• Means the consumer's ease of obtaining repair service

• This includes:

• Responsiveness of service personnel

• Willingness of repair personnel

• Reliability of service

• Speed 15

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AESTHETICS

• Aesthetics is the human perception of beauty, including

sight, sound, smell, touch, taste, and movement.

• Aesthetics refers to how the product looks, feels, sounds,

tastes or smells.

• This is a matter of personal judgment.

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PERCEIVED QUALITY

• Perceived Quality is the quality attributed to a good or

service based on indirect measures.

• Reputation is the primary stuff of perceived quality

• The perceived quality may be base on images, advertising

and brand names.

• Perception is not always reality.17

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IMPORTANCE OF PRODUCT QUALITY

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IMPORTANCE OF PRODUCT QUALITY

Importance of product quality can be seen through two sides:

1. For company :

This is because, bad quality products will affect the consumer'sconfidence, image and sales of the company. It may even affect thesurvival of the company. So, it is very important for every company tomake better quality products.

2. For consumers :

• They are ready to pay high prices, but in return, they expect best-quality products. If they are not satisfied with the quality of productof company, they will purchase from the competitors.

• Nowadays, very good quality international products are available inthe local market. So, if the domestic companies don't improve theirproduct’s quality, they will struggle to survive in the market.

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PRODUCT QUALITY ASPECTS

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PRODUCT QUALITY TESTING

• Testing is done as an integral part of the manufacturing

process to ensure quality.

• Product testing seeks to ensure that consumers can

understand what products will do for them and which

products are the best value.

• PRODUCT TESTING:

• Income testing- it prevent the entry of those goods that

do not fulfill the quality requirements from entering the

production process

• In-process testing- it provides data for making

decisions on the product as well as the process

• Final testing- it is done only when the manufacturing

process is complete.21

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PURPOSE OF PRODUCT

TESTING• Determine if, or verify that, the requirements of a

specification, regulation, or contract are met

• Decide if a new product development program is on track:

Demonstrate proof of concept

• Provide standard data for other scientific, engineering, and

quality assurance functions

• Validate suitability for end-use

• Provide a basis for technical communication

• Provide a technical means of comparison of several options

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• Provide evidence in legal proceedings: product liability,

patents, product claims, etc.

• Help solve problems with current product

• Help identify potential cost savings in products

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PURPOSE OF PRODUCT TESTING (Contd..)

Example:• DAIRY PRODUCT:

• Quality control of milk products and packing are carried out by equipped laboratories in the factory.

• Procedural steps:

• Receive Milk

• Take a sample

• Conduct Physical, chemical, sensory tests of raw milk

• Milk received in the lab is to identify whether it meets the necessary standards or not.

• Example of an Ice-cream: it needs to be smooth not grainy so therefore testing should be done so that the quality of the product can be maintained.

• Example of a table: it should be smooth not rough from the top so therefore testing should be done to maintain the quality of the product. 24

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