G L O B A L L I G H T N I N G S O L U T I O N S PRODUCT CATALOG ac Power Protectors dc Power Protectors Grounding Solutions Protected Bias-T dc Blocked Filters Combiner Protectors dc Blocked Single Transmitter Twisted Pair Cable Protectors We are the authority on lightning and surge protection ensuring uninterrupted communications for a connected world. Vol. 4 PolyPhaser Corporation Product Catalog Vol. 4 American International Radio (A.I.R.), Inc. www.airadio.com [email protected]Distributed by
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PRODUCT CATALOG - Airadio · the protector (no dc continuity through the protector). This “mechanism” can be a capacitor or “strip line” coupling. Coaxial protectors utilizing
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G L O B A L L I G H T N I N G S O L U T I O N S
PRODUCT CATALOG
ac Power Protectors
dc Power Protectors
Grounding Solutions
Protected Bias-T
dc Blocked Filters
Combiner Protectors
dc Blocked Single Transmitter
Twisted Pair Cable Protectors
We are the authority on lightning and surge protection
ensuring uninterrupted communications for a connected world.
Coaxial 5Coaxial Protector Quick Search 6SX Series 12CT Series 14B50 Series 16HF Series 18GX Series 20Baseband Series 24Single Transmitter Matrix 26Combiner/High-power Matrix 28dc Pass Matrix 30Bias-T Matrix 34
Data 37
ac/dc Power Protectors 45
Accessories 51
Grounding Overview 52Glossary of Terms 60Terms and Conditions of Sale 64
To ensure immediate access of PolyPhaser’s products and support, we have established a global distribution network with physical presence in over 50 countries. For a list of these distribution partners, contact PolyPhaser Customer Service at 800-325-7170 or visit our website at: www.polyphaser.com and click on Partners.
ISO 9001 & 14001 Certified
PolyPhaser’s Markets:
TransportationApplications include railroad sig-nal/communication line integrity,automated highway infrastructuresystems, weather sensing devicesand public safety. Based upon oursuccessful history in the protectionof mission-critical applications,GSM-R has awarded PolyPhaser thehighest certification possible:PolyPhaser products are mandatedto be installed on all applicationswhere worker safety is threatened.
Additional MarketsSCADA, Petro-Chemical, Telemetry,Process and Control, Utilities,Industrial Automation
IntroductionAt PolyPhaser, our on-time deliveryrecord and Quality Assurance programs are testimony to our commitment to total customer satisfaction. Our performance in these areas is measured via a series of Key PerformanceMeasurements where zero defectsand 100% on-time delivery are daily requirements. We are active members of the American Societyfor Quality and all products arequalified through a rigorous testingprotocol derived from military andindustry standards. Products are100% tested prior to shipping andour P3/ISO 9001 Quality System is continually monitored to ensurePolyPhaser’s commitment to manufacturing excellence is met.
For 30 years, PolyPhaser’s “focus-on-the-future” business philosophy has been the cornerstone of our success. Our global network of sales andsupport professionals ensure daily,technical involvement in theWireless Communications Industry.Whether using our standard,patented lightning protection or acustomized solution, PolyPhaser’sname has become globally synonymous with high-quality and superior performance.
PolyPhaser Capabilities PolyPhaser’s Markets
PolyPhaser: The authority on lightning and surge protection;ensuring uninterrupted communications for a connectedworld. We protect people, data, and equipment for global communications, transportation,defense, security, and industry.
With 125 years of combined technical expertise in RF path protection and over 3,000,000 unitsinstalled in 75 countries, PolyPhaserhas become the benchmark inTelecommunications global lightningsolutions®. Receiving our first ofeight patents in 1982, we haveexpanded our lightning protectionplatforms to include board-levelprotection, power supplies, bias-T’sand customized integrated solutions.
Resulting from the merger withSmiths Interconnect (SI) in 1997,PolyPhaser now has access to aglobal manufacturing network,allowing us to provide local serviceand support for an international
customer base. CombiningPolyPhaser's technical expertise and brand recognition with SI'sFinancial strength, we have openeda Sales and Manufacturingfacility in Shanghai; Smiths
Interconnect China (SIC), to provideproduct and customer services tothe emerging Asian telecommunica-tions markets.
Utilizing the most modern designand manufacturing capabilities, wehave created a protection technologythat virtually ensures an uninter-rupted communications flow ofdata and information through global networks. We differentiateourselves by providing a technolog-ically advanced solution designedto overcome the inherent weak-nesses associated with gas tube andquarter-wave technology. Our dcblocked, RF or Bias-T surge protec-tors have the lowest lightning surgelet-through in the industry, thusensuring the integrity of a globalcommunications path.
Smiths Interconnect China (SIC) Mr. Stephen Phipson, Managing Director of the Interconnect Division looks on as employees manufacture PolyPhaser products at our facility in Shanghai.
Lightning damages communicationssites all over the world every day. Most lightning strikes are to the tower.Although lightning is a dc pulse, thetime from zero current to peak currentcan be very fast. The fast rise currentpulse generates significant RF components up to frequencies greaterthan 1 GHz. Most of this RF energy isdistributed between dc and 1 MHz.When lightning energy traverses a coaxial cable, there is high frequencyroll-off and a slight propagation delaythat occurs due to the unbalancedinductances of the shield and the centerconductor, and the center conductor’scapacitive relationship through thedielectric to the shield. The higher frequency shield energy will arrive atthe equipment first, followed by thecenter conductor energy spread outover time. Since the pulse energyarrives at different times, a differentialvoltage occurs that must be equalizedand prevented from reaching the equipment. The amount of energyreaching the equipment through the coaxial protector is known as“Throughput Energy.”
The rated “Throughput Energy” specification indicates how much lightning energy can reach the equipment input during a standardwaveform test. A very low throughputenergy specification can be achievedwith a “dc blocking mechanism” insidethe protector (no dc continuity throughthe protector). This “mechanism” can be a capacitor or “strip line” coupling.Coaxial protectors utilizing gas tubes orinductors to ground can be combinedwith dc blocking to reduce the through-put energy to insignificant levels, andstill maintain a low PIM (-dBc).
A gas tube type coaxial protector without dc blocking has dc continuity
from surge side connector center pin toequipment side connector center pin.The fast rise time lightning pulse canachieve over 1,000 volts across the gastube before the gas can ionize andbecome conductive. Since there is no dc blocking mechanism, this highvoltage pulse is applied directly to the equipment input before the gas tube“turns on.” If the equipment input isthrough a ferrite circulator/isolator, theincoming pulse is converted to currentin the ferrite’s resistive load, creating a magnetic field that can realign the critically adjusted field in the circulator,change the magnet’s flux density, anddamage or destroy the resistive load. If the incoming voltage pulse appearsacross a coupling loop (as in most filters& combiners), it sees a low resistanceshort and is almost entirely convertedto current. A dc shorted equipmentinput loop directly shorts the gas tube.The gas tube might never see enoughvoltage to “turn on” until the equip-ment has been damaged, since currentflow must go through the coaxial cablejumper and equipment input before an inductive voltage drop across the gas tube could reach a potential highenough to ionize the gas.
The “quarter wave stub” coaxial protector is based on well known bandpass/band reject principles. By using acoaxial “T” fitting, and calculating thelength of a quarter wave coaxial sectionfrom the horizontal center conductor tothe grounded base of the “T”, a bandpass filter can be formed at a given frequency. Since most of the energy in alightning strike is from dc to 1 MHz, itwould fall on the lower frequency rejectside of the band pass filter and be conducted to ground. However, if theequipment input is also dc shorted as inthe above gas tube example, the quarterwave stub will allow significant divideddc and low frequency energy to flowtowards the equipment input. While the
above gas tube protector could eventually “crowbar” to ground, the quarter wave stub will continue dividing energy between the protector’sground and the equipment input for the entire duration of the strike or series of strikes. The grounding conductorapplied to either the straight throughgas tube or quarter wave stub protectormust be short and very low inductance,or the inductive voltage drop across thegrounding conductor will be additive to the center conductor voltage applied to the equipment input.
A PolyPhaser dc blocked coaxial protector line has the lowest through-put specifications in the industry. dc blocked filter type protectors, whentested with the same pulse in the same test environment as the above protectors, will let through less than 500 millivolts peak. Attenuation atlightning frequencies is negative 98dbor better.
For Applications Requiring dc toPower Tower Top Electronics:
A PolyPhaser coaxial protector dcblocks the RF path and also injects,passes through, or picks off a specifieddc voltage on the coaxial cable centerconductor for tower top electronics. Thedc is decoupled from the RF, passesthrough a dc protection circuit, and canbe recoupled to the coaxial cable centerconductor. The RF protector can also beused as a dc injector or “bias-T” pick-offcircuit. This combines the lightning protection for the RF and dc in one unitwhile eliminating separate devices fordc injection at the equipment or dcpick-off at tower-mounted amplifiers.An injector/pick-off combination eliminates a separate dc feed to thetower electronics, along with the dcconductor’s lightning protectionrequirements.
Coaxial Lightning protectors can be classified into two major groups:
The most common group include those applications which do NOT require dc on the coaxial cable. The second group include those applications which require dc to power up Tower Top Electronics, Tower Mounted Amplifiers or active antennas (Global Positioning Systems).
The below flow chart will guide you to the most common protectors for these applications. Make your choice of dc versus no dc, then by frequency.
Applications NOT requiring dc on coaxial cable < 800MHz B50 (Low/high power) Pg 16HF (Combiner/high-power) Pg 18
Applications requiring dc on coaxial cable < 400MHz BB (data, video, HF receive) Pg 24
> 400MHz GX (dc-Pass and Bias-T) Pg 20
The product series listed above are our most popular, more choices are available by using the appropriate product matrix:
Single Transmitter: use for applications where there is no dc on the coaxial cable and the system utilizes a single transmitterCombiner/High Power: use for applications where there is no dc on the coaxial cable and the system utilizes multiple transmitters also excellent single high power transmitter protectors
dc-Pass: use for applications where dc voltage is on the coaxial cable to power up Tower Top Electronics or active antennasBias-T: use to inject onto or pick-off dc voltage from coaxial cable to power up Tower Top Electronics or active antennas
The above matrix depicts our most popular products by frequency application. All units except for the CGX andDGX are used for systems not requiring dc.
For those applications not listed, please contact the factory. We will need as much of the information requestedbelow to recommend the correct protector.
Frequency Range(s) or Center Frequency(ies) and Bandwidth(s)Impedance (usually 50Ω; 75Ω for video) Connectors
Most common for 50Ω systems: N, DIN and UHF. UHF are nominally 50Ω.Most common for 75Ω systems: N, F and BNC.
Males required? Antenna (MA) or Equipment (ME) side? dc-Blocked. Normal status unless powering pre-amp, etc.
If not, maximum voltage (on coax): Vdc or ( Vac @ Hz)Maximum current: Adc or ( Aac)
Bias-T dc-PassInsertion Loss Required: VSWR Required:
If transmit, need:Worst case VSWR of system
Transmit (Tx) or Receive Only (RO) If transmit, need:
Single or Multi-channel (@ Frequency) If Multi-channel, how many channels and spacing between them? Transmit Power (after combiner, if multi-channel) Recommend obtaining Power/ChannelIf value after combiner unknown, get transmitter power and dB loss through combinerModulation type (AM, FM, SSB, Pulse, Other [Specify]): Duty Cycle: % On-Time per Day:
Most lightning strikes are to thetower. Although lightning is a dcpulse, the rise time to peak currentcan be very fast. The fast rise current pulse generates significantRF components. Most of this RFenergy is distributed between dcand 1 MHz. When lightning energytraverses a coaxial cable there ishigh frequency roll-off and a slightpropagation delay that occurs dueto the unbalanced inductances ofthe shield and the center conductorand the center conductor’s capacitive relationship through thedielectric to the shield. The higherfrequency shield energy will arriveat the equipment first, followed bythe center conductor energy spreadout over time. Since the pulse energy arrives at different times, a differential voltage occurs thatmust be equalized and preventedfrom reaching the equipment. Theamount of energy reaching theequipment through the coaxial protector is known as “ThroughputEnergy.”
A test was performed on 50 feet ofLMR1200 (7/8”) coaxial feeder. Thecenter conductor and shield on thesurge side were shorted to simulatea shunt-fed antenna. The currentfrom the resulting voltage dropacross two 0.001 Ohm current viewing resistors at the far end ofthe cable was viewed using an HP-54522C Oscilloscope. The coaxial feeder assembly was pulsedwith a combinational waveform.The surge generator was set for acombinational waveform output of1.2 x 50 us, 6kV open circuit voltageand 8 x 20 us 3kA short circuit current. The resulting peak currentson the shield were +1531/-688Amperes. The currents on the center conductor were +234/-63Amperes. A slight propagationdelay was noted on the center conductor’s peak current referencedto the shield peak current.
Product Applications
PolyPhaser has designed a productportfolio to protect a myriad ofmission-critical applications spanning a varied cross-section of vertical markets. Whether protecting key coaxial systems,twisted pair /data, dc or ac, matching the appropriate productfor the specific needs of the application is paramount to ensureoptimum protection.
dc Blocked Filter:Use with passive (no pre-amp)antennas. These will NOT pass the dc (or low frequency ac power)voltage(s) diplexed onto the center conductor. They providemaintenance-free service and theindustry’s lowest throughput energy.
dc Blocked/Single Transmitter:Use with passive (no pre-amp)antennas. These will NOT pass thedc (or low frequency ac power)voltage(s) diplexed onto the centerconductor for feeding pre-amps,relays or sequencers. Use in singletransmitter situations only. If combiners are used, a combinerprotector should be specified.
dc Injector/Bias-T:Protects active antennas, pre-ampsor other situations requiring dc (orac) power on the center conductor.The dc and RF paths (RF is dc-blocked) are separated, individuallyprotected, and recombined. Alsobias-T models for injecting the
dc (or ac) power onto the center conductor or picking off the dc (or ac) power to feed the powereddevice.
Combiner Protectors:For multi-channel or multi-transmitter applications. Also excellent single transmitter protectors.
The above pulse was applied to a 50' long, 7/8" coax feeder. One end was shorted to simulate a shunt-fed antenna, while the other end
went to separate 0.001 Ohm current viewing resistors.
2430
SCOPE
SHORT
GEN.
SURGE
TWO 0.01 CURRENTVIEWING RESISTORS
COAX51 FOOT
BA
PolyPhaser protects schools and institutions by providinglightning surge protection for the video surveillance systems and Police and Fire communication systems that make it a safer place.
We also provideuninterruptedtelecommunications for WI-FI networks, WLANand CAT5-6data transmission.
COAX PROTECTIONTo determine the proper protector,the following properties should betaken into consideration.
IMPEDANCEPolyPhaser products are either 50 or75 Ω impedance devices. All of ourproducts have constant impedancethroughout their entire frequencyrange.
TURN-ON SPEEDOur continuously enabled filters areband pass/ band reject protectorsthat have effectively zero turn-ontime.
FREQUENCY RANGEPolyPhaser has a wide range ofproducts that cover a diverse rangeof applications and frequencyranges up to 10GHz. We manufac-ture hybrid protectors for HF; UHF;and VHF frequencies from 50-1000MHz. DC blocked cavity filters andDC-pass bias-tee are manufacturedto cover GSM, CDMA, and UMTSapplications from 450-2700 MHz, aswell as, microwave frequencies 2.4GHz and higher used in LAN andMAN applications such as IEEE802.11 and 802.16.
TRANSMIT, TRANSCEIVE, ORRECEIVE ONLYIf multiple transmitters are combined, the number of transmitsignals is important. Gas tube protectors are voltage sensitive andmulti-transmitter signals are voltage additive. Two 100-Watttransmission signals combine for
200 Watts of power, but the additivevoltages have peaks of 200V, whichequates to a single 400 Watt signal.Therefore, multi-channel simultane-ous transmit systems must have ahigher turn-on voltage and bedesigned to handle the higher peakinstantaneous RF currents. Thispeak turn-on voltage calculation isnot required for our filter type protectors.
PRES.ENCE OF AC/DC ALONGWITH THE RF SIGNALIf dc is required on the center pin ofthe coax cable to power tower topelectronics a dc pass protectorshould be used. PolyPhaser makesa protected bias-tee that capitalizeson dc blocking for superior surgeprotection. These low resistanceprotected bias-T’s come in a varietyof user voltages.
MOUNTINGBulkhead panels are the recommended mounting method.Flange style protectors may be mounted on abus bar or a single-point groundpanel. A ground strap or largeground conductor should be usedto connect to a low impedance
ground system. For more ongrounding, see GroundingOverview section and PPC’s ownpublication Lightning Protectionand Grounding Solutions forCommunication Sites (LPGS).
CONNECTOR AND GENDERType N and 7/16 Din connectorsare standard, yet TNC, BNC, SMA,and F connectors, as well as, reversepin models are also available. Theconnector gender can be chosen formale and/or female combinations.Since most of our protectors aredirectional for surge (bi-directionalfor RF,) care must be taken to properly orient the protector.
Cell Site Typical Application
The highlighted areas in the above cell site identifygeneral locations for the installation PolyPhaser’spatented lightning protection.
Each highlighted area contains colored dots thatreference a specific PolyPhaser product set identified in the table on this page and throughoutthe catalog.
B50, 50NX series. dc Blocked Single Channel Coaxial Protectors (gas tube)SXL series. dc Blocked Combiner/High Power Coaxial Protectors (filter) CT/PT series. dc Blocked Combiner Coaxial Protectors (gas tube)GX series. dc-Pass/Bias-T Coaxial Protector (hybrid: separate RF and dc paths)75BB series. Security Camera System Protectors (dc-pass, baseband)IX series. Data ProtectionVDC series. DC Power Protectors
PolyPhaser's best in-line equipment protectorHigh surge current capabilityLow let-through voltage and throughput energydc-Shorted filter design, no dc continuity between center pinsUse for applications where dc is NOT required on coaxial cable.Weatherized body, normal connector weatherization required
Part Connector Frequency RF VSWR InsertionNumber Range Power LossDSXL N 800 to 2500MHz 300 1.1 to 1 0.1DSXL-D DIN 800 to 2300MHz 500 1.1 to 1 0.1DSXL-DN DIN to N 800 to 2300MHz 500 1.1 to 1 0.1DSXL-T TNC 800 to 2300MHz 500 1.1 to 1 0.1DSXL-NS N to SMA 800 to 2300MHz 300 1.1 to 1 0.1PSXL N 1.2 to 2.8GHz 300 1.1 to 1 0.1LSXL N 1.8 to 3.8 & 4.2 to 6.0GHz 10 1.3 to 1 0.2
For less exposed subscriber systems:
AL-LSXM N 2.0 to 6.0GHz 10 1.3 to 1 0.2AL-LSXM-RT-ME TNC (RP)* 2.0 to 6.0GHz 10 1.3 to 1 0.2
add: -MA for Male Surge (Antenna) Connector-ME for Male Protected (Equipment) Connector
* RP = Reverse Polarity
SX Series
PolyPhaser's best in-line equipment protectorHigh surge current capabilityLow let-through voltage and throughput energydc-Shorted filter design, no dc continuity between center pinsUse for applications where dc is NOT required on coaxial cable.Weatherized body, normal connector weatherization required
Part Connector Frequency RF VSWR InsertionNumber Range Power LossDSXL N 800 to 2500MHz 300 1.1 to 1 0.1DSXL-D DIN 800 to 2300MHz 500 1.1 to 1 0.1DSXL-DN DIN to N 800 to 2300MHz 500 1.1 to 1 0.1DSXL-T TNC 800 to 2300MHz 500 1.1 to 1 0.1DSXL-NS N to SMA 800 to 2300MHz 300 1.1 to 1 0.1PSXL N 1.5 to 2.8GHz 300 1.1 to 1 0.1LSXL N 1.8 to 3.8 & 4.2 to 6.0GHz 10 1.3 to 1 0.2
For less exposed subscriber systems:
AL-LSXM N 2.0 to 6.0GHz 10 1.3 to 1 0.2AL-LSXM-RT-ME TNC (RP)* 2.0 to 6.0GHz 10 1.3 to 1 0.2
add: -MA for Male Surge (Antenna) Connector-ME for Male Protected (Equipment) Connector
PolyPhaser's best narrow band high power system protectorNarrow band for Cellular (800 to 900MHz) and Paging (860 to 980MHz) High power gas tube design, no dc continuity between center pinsUse for applications where dc is NOT requiredUse indoors; if to be installed outdoors, weatherize using WK-1
RF Power: 750W single channelVSWR: 1.1 to 1 over frequency rangeInsertion loss: 0.1dBTurn-on: 1200VdcTo calculate Vp : 1.414 * x * (√Pch*50)Vt = Vp1 + Vp2 …+ Vpn, Vt shall be ≤ 1800VTurn-on Time: 7ns for 2kV/nsec
Part Mounting Connector Frequency Let-through Through-put NoteNumber Range Voltage Energy
IS-CS50HN-B Bulkhead N 800 to 900MHz 24 6.5nJ Sampler PortIS-CS50HD-B Bulkhead DIN 800 to 900MHz 24 6.5nJ Sampler PortIS-CT50HN-B Bulkhead N 800 to 900MHz 24 15nJIS-CT50HD-B Bulkhead DIN 800 to 900MHz 24 15nJIS-CS50HN Flange N 800 to 900MHz 24 6.5nJ Sampler PortIS-CS50HD Flange DIN 800 to 900MHz 24 6.5nJ Sampler PortIS-CT50HN Flange N 800 to 900MHz 24 15nJIS-CT50HD Flange DIN 800 to 900MHz 24 15nJIS-PS50HN-B Bulkhead N 860 to 980MHz 14 6.5nJ Sampler PortIS-PS50HD-B Bulkhead DIN 860 to 980MHz 14 6.5nJ Sampler PortIS-PT50HN-B Bulkhead N 860 to 980MHz 24 15nJIS-PT50HD-B Bulkhead DIN 860 to 980MHz 24 15nJIS-PS50HN Flange N 860 to 980MHz 14 6.5nJ Sampler PortIS-PS50HD Flange DIN 860 to 980MHz 14 6.5nJ Sampler PortIS-PT50HN Flange N 860 to 980MHz 24 15nJIS-PT50HD Flange DIN 860 to 980MHz 24 15nJ
add: -MA for Male Surge (Antenna) Connector-ME for Male Protected (Equipment) Connector
PolyPhaser's broadband protectors for general radio useBulkhead or surface mountabledc-Blocked gas tube design, no dc continuity between center pinsUse indoors, if to be installed outdoors weatherize using WK-1
Insertion Loss: 0.1dBTurn-on: 600Vdc L models, 1200Vdc H modelsTurn-on time: 2.5ns L models, 7ns H models
Mounting Part Connector Frequency RF VSWR Let-through Throughput Number Range Power Voltage Energy
Bulkhead IS-B50LU-C0 UHF 1.5 to 400MHz HF: 2kW, VHF: 375W, 1.2 to 1 900 10mJUHF: 125W
IS-B50HU-C0 UHF 1.5 to 400MHz HF: 3kW, VHF: 500W, 1.2 to 1 1200 20mJUHF: 250W
IS-B50LU-C1 UHF 50 to 700MHz VHF: 375W, UHF: 125W 1.2 to 1 750 600µJIS-B50HU-C1 UHF 50 to 700MHz VHF: 500W, UHF: 250W 1.2 to 1 800 1mJIS-B50LN-C0 N 1.5 to 400MHz HF: 2kW, VHF: 375W, 1.2 to 1 (1.5 to 2MHz), 900 10mJ
UHF: 125W 1.1 to 1 (2 to 400MHz)IS-B50HN-C0 N 1.5 to 400MHz HF: 3kW, VHF: 500W, 1.2 to 1 (1.5 to 2MHz), 1200 20mJ
UHF: 250W 1.1 to 1 (2 to 400MHz)IS-B50LN-C1 N 50 to 700MHz VHF: 375W, UHF: 125W 1.2 to 1 (50 to 60MHz), 750 600µJ
1.1 to 1 (60 to 700MHz)IS-B50HN-C1 N 50 to 700MHz VHF: 500W, UHF: 250W 1.2 to 1 (50 to 60MHz), 800 1mJ
1.1 to 1 (60 to 700MHz)IS-B50LN-C2 N 125 to 1000MHz VHF: 375W, 1.1 to 1 700 220µJ
UHF(low): 125W, 800 to 1000MHz: 50W
IS-B50HN-C2 N 125 to 1000MHz VHF: 500W, 1.1 to 1 800 800µJUHF(low): 250W, 800 to 1000MHz: 125W
Flange IS-50UX-C0 UHF 1.5 to 400MHz HF: 2kW, VHF: 375W, 1.2 to 1 1100 10mJUHF: 125W
IS-50UX-C1 UHF 50 to 700MHz VHF: 375W, UHF: 125W 1.2 to 1 650 600µJIS-50NX-C0 N 1.5 to 400MHz HF: 2kW, VHF: 375W, 1.2 to 1 (1.5 to 2MHz), 1100 10mJ
UHF: 125W 1.1 to 1 (2 to 400MHz)IS-50NX-C1 N 50 to 700MHz VHF: 375W, UHF: 125W 1.2 to 1 (50 to 60MHz), 650 600µJ
1.1 to 1 (60 to 700MHz)IS-50NX-C2 N 125 to 1000MHz VHF: 375W, 1.1 to 1 750 220µJ
UHF(low): 125W,800 to 1000MHz: 50W
IS-75F-C1 F 4 to 900MHz HF: 100W, VHF: 100W, 1.2 to 1 720 1mJUHF: 25W
add: -MA for Male Surge (Antenna) Connector-ME for Male Protected (Equipment) Connector
PolyPhaser's best in-line equipment protectorHigh surge current capabilityLow let-through voltage and throughput energydc-Shorted filter design, no dc continuity between center pinsUse for applications where dc is NOT required on coaxial cableWeatherized body, normal connector weatherization required
RF Power: 750 WVSWR: 1.1 to 1 over frequency rangeInsertion loss: 0.1 dBLet-through Voltage: 12VThrough-put energy: 0.5nJ
Part Number Connector Frequency RangeVHF50HN N 100 to 512MHzVHF50HD DIN 100 to 512MHzUHF50HN N 300 to 700MHzUHF50HD DIN 300 to 700MHz
add: -MA for Male Surge (Antenna) Connector-ME for Male Protected (Equipment) Connector
Frequency Band: C = 400 to 1200MHz, D = 800 to 2500MHzType: Z = dc-pass, J = Bias-TPolarity: + positive voltage, - negative voltageVoltage: System operating voltage; to pass through protectorSurge side connector & gender; type N, 7/16 DIN, TNCProtected side connector & gender; type N, 7/16 DIN, TNCLid configuration: -A = standard
(contact factory or visit website for alternates)
GXZ dc-Pass
Max current: 4AdcWeatherized body, normal connector weatherization requiredVSWR: ≤1.1 to 1 over frequency rangeInsertion Loss: ≤ 0.1dBTurn-on time: 4ns for 2kV/ns
GXJ Bias-T
Weatherized body, normal connector weatherization requiredMax current: 4AdcVSWR: ≤1.1 to 1 over frequency rangeInsertion Loss: ≤ 0.1dBTurn-on time: 4ns for 2kV/nsSMA connector as dc injector/pick-off port
Operating Max Let-through Through-put Through-put Turn-onVoltage RF Power Voltage Energy RF energy dc Voltage
1. Determine Application: Single Transmitter: dc-blocked, use for applications where there is no dc on the coax and the system utilizes a single transmitterCombiner/High Power: dc-blocked, use for applications where there is no dc on the coax and the system utilizes multiple transmitters
also excellent single high power transmitter protectordc-Pass: Use for applications where dc voltage is on the coax to power up Tower Top Electronics or active antennas
Bias-T: Use to inject or pick-off dc voltage to power up Tower Top Electronics
2. Determine Mounting and Impedance Option: Bulkhead: Designed to go through bulkhead, groundbar or enclosure wallFlange: Designed to be mounted on plate or ground bar
Bulkhead/Flange: May be mounted either bulkhead or flange
3. Determine Connector Type: Select desired connector type, units listed are female gender both sides, add -MA for male antenna (surge) or -ME for male equipment (protected)GX series, see below part number configurator
4. Determine Frequency Range: Select desired frequency (or range) between low and high frequencies listed
5. Determine RF Power Requirements: Select desired RF power requirement, RO = receive only
7. Part Number: Units listed have female gender connectors both sides,add -MA for male antenna (surge) or -ME for male equipment (protected)GX series, part number configurator
8. VSWR (Voltage Standing Wave Ratio): VSWR listed for entire frequency range listed, degradation occurs if used outside this range
9. Insertion Loss (dB): Insertion Loss listed for entire frequency range listed, degradation occurs if used outside this range
10. Let-through Voltage: Maximum voltage let-through the protector (typical)
11. Throughput Energy: Total energy that will be let-through to the equipment (typical)
12. Turn-on Voltage: Turn-on voltage at with a ramp of 100V/µs typical, N/A for filter units
13. Turn-on Time: Time to 50% of peak voltage during turn-on process, N/A for filter units
14. Notes: Filter: Utilizes filter technology, dc-blocked RF path, dc-shorted on surge sideReverse Bulkhead: Designed to be mounted outside screen room penetration panel
Sampler Port: Built-in BNC connector sampler port (20dB attenuation)Isolated Equipment: Equipment to be protected must be isolated from ground
15. Drawing Number: Refers to dimensional and installation drawing
Baseband Series
PolyPhaser's baseband protectorsUse for applications which may require dc on the coaxial cableVLF/HF receive only, LAN, closed circuit televisionUse indoors; if to be installed outdoors, weatherize using WK-1
Frequency Range: 50 Ohm, dc to 50 MHz, 75 Ohm, dc to 30MHz (DS-3 up to 200MHz)Receive onlyMax current: 2AdcVSWR: 1.1 to 1 over frequency rangeInsertion Loss: 0.3dBTurn-on time: 4ns for 2kV/nsOperating (Turn-on Voltage): 1.5 (2.3V), 6 (7V) and 18 (19V)
Impedance Part Connector Operating Let-through ThroughputNumber Voltage Voltage Energy
Single Transmitter MatrixSingle Transmitter Matrix
Part Connector Frequency Max WeatherizedNumber Range Power
Bulkhead 50ΩIS-B50LU-C0 UHF 1.5 to 400MHz HF: 2kW, VHF: 375W, UHF: 125W N
IS-B50HU-C0 UHF 1.5 to 400MHz HF: 3kW, VHF: 500W, UHF: 250W N
IS-B50LU-C1 UHF 50 to 700MHz VHF: 375W, UHF: 125W N
IS-B50HU-C1 UHF 50 to 700MHz VHF: 500W, UHF: 250W N
IS-B50LN-C0 N 1.5 to 400MHz HF: 2kW, VHF: 375W, UHF: 125W N
IS-B50HN-C0 N 1.5 to 400MHz HF: 3kW, VHF: 500W, UHF: 250W N
IS-B50LN-C1 N 50 to 700MHz VHF: 375W, UHF: 125W N
IS-B50HN-C1 N 50 to 700MHz VHF: 500W, UHF: 250W N
IS-B50LN-C2 N 125 to 1000MHz VHF: 375W, UHF(low): 125W, 800 TO 1000MHz: 50W N
IS-B50HN-C2 N 125 to 1000MHz VHF: 500W, UHF(low): 250W, 800 TO 1000MHz: 125W N
IS-NEMP-C0 N 1.5 to 400MHz HF: 500W, VHF: 200W, UHF: 100W N
IS-NEMP-C1 N 50 to 700MHz VHF: 200W, UHF: 100W N
IS-NEMP-C2 N 125 to 1000MHz VHF: 200W, UHF(low): 100W, 800 TO 1000MHz: 50W N
IS-GF50LN N 80 to 900MHz HF: 10W, VHF: 5W N
Flange 50ΩIS-50UX-C0 UHF 1.5 to 400MHz HF: 2kW, VHF: 375W, UHF: 125W N
IS-50UX-C1 UHF 50 to 700MHz VHF: 375W, UHF: 125W N
IS-50NX-C0 N 1.5 to 400MHz HF: 2kW, VHF: 375W, UHF: 125W N
IS-50NX-C1 N 50 to 700MHz VHF: 375W, UHF: 125W N
IS-50NX-C2 N 125 to 1000MHz VHF: 375W, UHF(low): 125W, 800 TO 1000MHz: 50W N
AL-LSXM N 2.0 to 6.0GHz 10W Y
AL-LSXM-RT-ME TNC (RP) 2.0 to 6.0GHz 10W Y
Flange 75ΩIS-75F-C1 F 4 to 900MHz HF: 100W, VHF: 100W, UHF: 25W N
NOTE:Discontinued Products:For a complete reference of discontinued product number and associated replacement products refer to the PolyPhaser website @ http://www.polyphaser.com/products/obsolete.aspx
VSWR Insertion Loss Let-through Throughput Turn-on Turn-on Time Notes Drawing Drawing Part dB Voltage (dc) Energy Voltage (dc) ns for 2kV/ns Number Page Number
Bulkhead 50Ω1.2 to 1 0.1 900 10mJ 600 2.5 A001 17 IS-B50LU-C01.2 to 1 0.1 1200 20mJ 1200 7 A001 17 IS-B50HU-C01.2 to 1 0.1 750 600µJ 600 2.5 A001 17 IS-B50LU-C11.2 to 1 0.1 800 1mJ 1200 7 A001 17 IS-B50HU-C11.2 to 1 (1.5 to 2MHz), 1.1 to 1 (2 to 400MHz) 0.1 900 10mJ 600 2.5 A001 17 IS-B50LN-C01.2 to 1 (1.5 to 2MHz), 1.1 to 1 (2 to 400MHz) 0.1 1200 20mJ 1200 7 A001 17 IS-B50HN-C01.2 to 1 (50 to 60MHz), 1.1 to 1 (60 to 700MHz) 0.1 750 600µJ 600 2.5 A001 17 IS-B50LN-C11.2 to 1 (50 to 60MHz), 1.1 to 1 (60 to 700MHz) 0.1 800 1mJ 1200 7 A001 17 IS-B50HN-C11.1 to 1 0.1 700 220µJ 600 2.5 A001 17 IS-B50LN-C21.1 to 1 0.1 800 800µJ 1200 7 A001 17 IS-B50HN-C21.2 to 1 (1.5 to 2MHz), 1.1 to 1 (2 to 400MHz) 0.1 600 1.10mJ 330 1.5 Reverse Bulkhead A001 17 IS-NEMP-C01.2 to 1 (50 to 60MHz), 1.1 to 1 (60 to 700MHz) 0.1 400 313µJ 330 1.5 Reverse Bulkhead A001 17 IS-NEMP-C11.1 to 1 0.1 415 250mJ 330 1.5 Reverse Bulkhead A001 17 IS-NEMP-C21.1 to 1 0.2 400 33µJ 90 4 A004 36 IS-GF50LN
Flange 50Ω1.2 to 1 0.1 1100 10mJ 600 2.5 A002 17 IS-50UX-C01.2 to 1 0.1 650 600µJ 600 2.5 A002 17 IS-50UX-C11.2 to 1 (1.5 to 2MHz), 1.1 to 1 (2 to 400MHz) 0.1 1100 10mJ 600 2.5 A002 17 IS-50NX-C01.2 to 1 (50 to 60MHz), 1.1 to 1 (60 to 700MHz) 0.1 650 600µJ 600 2.5 A002 17 IS-50NX-C11.1 to 1 0.1 750 220µJ 600 2.5 A002 17 IS-50NX-C21.3 to 1 0.2 3 0.5µJ N/A N/A Filter Consult factory for print AL-LSXM1.3 to 1 0.2 3 0.5µJ N/A N/A Filter Consult factory for print AL-LSXM-RT-ME
Part Connector Frequency Max Power WeatherizedNumber Range (single channel)
Bulkhead 50ΩIS-VU50HN N 50 to 550MHz 750 N
IS-CU50HN N 450 to 900MHz 250 N
IS-CS50HN-B N 800 to 900MHz 750 N
IS-CS50HD-B DIN 800 to 900MHz 750 N
IS-PS50HN-B N 860 to 980MHz 750 N
IS-PS50HD-B DIN 860 to 980MHz 750 N
IS-CT50HN-B N 800 to 900MHz 750 N
IS-CT50HD-B DIN 800 to 900MHz 750 N
IS-PT50HN-B N 860 to 980MHz 750 N
IS-PT50HD-B DIN 860 to 980MHz 750 N
DSXL N 800 to 2500MHz 300 Y
DSXL-D DIN 800 to 2300MHz 500 Y
DSXL-DN DIN to N 800 to 2300MHz 500 Y
DSXL-T TNC 800 to 2300MHz 500 Y
DSXL-NS N to SMA 800 to 2300MHz 300 Y
PSXL N 1.2 to 2.8GHz 300 Y
LSXL N 1.8 to 3.8GHz 10 Y
Flange 50ΩIS-CS50HN N 800 to 900MHz 750 N
IS-CS50HD DIN 800 to 900MHz 750 N
IS-PS50HN N 860 to 980MHz 750 N
IS-PS50HD DIN 860 to 980MHz 750 N
IS-CT50HN N 800 to 900MHz 750 N
IS-CT50HD DIN 800 to 900MHz 750 N
IS-PT50HN N 860 to 980MHz 750 N
IS-PT50HD DIN 860 to 980MHz 750 N
Bulkhead / Flange 50ΩVHF50HN N 100 to 512MHz 750 Y
VHF50HD DIN 100 to 512MHz 750 Y
UHF50HN N 300 to 700MHz 750 Y
UHF50HD DIN 300 to 700MHz 750 Y
NOTE:Discontinued Products:For a complete reference of discontinued product number and associated replacement products refer to the PolyPhaser website @ http://www.polyphaser.com/products/obsolete.aspx
Max Max Insertion Let-through Throughput Turn-on Turn-on Time Notes Drawing Drawing PartVSWR Loss dB Voltage (dc) Energy Voltage (dc) ns for 2kV/ns Number Page Number
Bulkhead 50Ω1.1 to 1 0.1 1200 2.23mJ 1800 15 B002 15 IS-VU50HN1.1 to 1 0.1 1350 2.23mJ 1200 7 B002 15 IS-CU50HN1.1 to 1 0.1 24 6.5nJ 1200 7 Sampler Port B002 15 IS-CS50HN-B1.1 to 1 0.1 24 6.5nJ 1200 7 Sampler Port B001 15 IS-CS50HD-B1.1 to 1 0.1 14 6.5nJ 1200 7 Sampler Port B002 15 IS-PS50HN-B1.1 to 1 0.1 14 6.5nJ 1200 7 Sampler Port B001 15 IS-PS50HD-B1.1 to 1 0.1 24 15nJ 1200 7 B002 15 IS-CT50HN-B1.1 to 1 0.1 24 15nJ 1200 7 B001 15 IS-CT50HD-B1.1 to 1 0.1 24 15nJ 1200 7 B002 15 IS-PT50HN-B1.1 to 1 0.1 24 15nJ 1200 7 B001 15 IS-PT50HD-B1.1 to 1 0.1 3 0.5µJ N/A N/A Filter B004 13 DSXL1.1 to 1 0.1 3 0.5µJ N/A N/A Filter B003 13 DSXL-D1.1 to 1 0.1 3 0.5µJ N/A N/A Filter Consult factory for print DSXL-DN1.1 to 1 0.1 3 0.5µJ N/A N/A Filter Consult factory for print DSXL-T1.1 to 1 0.1 3 0.5µJ N/A N/A Filter Consult factory for print DSXL-NS1.1 to 1 0.1 3 0.5µJ N/A N/A Filter B004 13 PSXL1.3 to 1 0.2 3 0.5µJ N/A N/A Filter B004 13 LSXL
Flange 50Ω1.1 to 1 0.1 24 6.5nJ 1200 7 Sampler Port B002 15 IS-CS50HN1.1 to 1 0.1 24 6.5nJ 1200 7 Sampler Port B001 15 IS-CS50HD1.1 to 1 0.1 14 6.5nJ 1200 7 Sampler Port B002 15 IS-PS50HN1.1 to 1 0.1 14 6.5nJ 1200 7 Sampler Port B001 15 IS-PS50HD1.1 to 1 0.1 24 15nJ 1200 7 B002 15 IS-CT50HN1.1 to 1 0.1 24 15nJ 1200 7 B001 15 IS-CT50HD1.1 to 1 0.1 24 15nJ 1200 7 B002 15 IS-PT50HN1.1 to 1 0.1 24 15nJ 1200 7 B001 15 IS-PT50HD
VSWR Insertion Loss Let-through Throughput Turn-on Turn-on Time Drawing Drawing PartdB Voltage (dc) Energy Voltage (dc) ns for 2kV/ns Number Page Number
Part Connector Frequency Operating Max dc Max WeatherizedNumber Range Voltage (Vdc) Current (Adc) Power (watts)
Bulkhead / Flange 50ΩCGXZ+15NFNF-A N 400 to 1200MHz +15 4 2.25 Y
CGXZ+24NFNF-A N 400 to 1200MHz +24 4 6.25 Y
CGXZ+36NFNF-A N 400 to 1200MHz +36 4 15 Y
CGXZ+48NFNF-A N 400 to 1200MHz +48 4 40 Y
CGXZ-15NFNF-A N 400 to 1200MHz -15 4 2.25 Y
CGXZ-24NFNF-A N 400 to 1200MHz -24 4 6.25 Y
CGXZ-36NFNF-A N 400 to 1200MHz -36 4 15 Y
CGXZ-48NFNF-A N 400 to 1200MHz -48 4 40 Y
CGXZ+06DFDF-A DIN 400 to 1200MHz +06 4 0.25 Y
CGXZ+15DFDF-A DIN 400 to 1200MHz +15 4 2.25 Y
CGXZ+24DFDF-A DIN 400 to 1200MHz +24 4 6.25 Y
CGXZ+36DFDF-A DIN 400 to 1200MHz +36 4 15 Y
CGXZ+48DFDF-A DIN 400 to 1200MHz +48 4 40 Y
CGXZ-15DFDF-A DIN 400 to 1200MHz -15 4 2.25 Y
CGXZ-24DFDF-A DIN 400 to 1200MHz -24 4 6.25 Y
CGXZ-36DFDF-A DIN 400 to 1200MHz -36 4 15 Y
CGXZ-48DFDF-A DIN 400 to 1200MHz -48 4 40 Y
DGXZ+06NFNF-A N 800 to 2500MHz +06 4 0.25 Y
DGXZ+15NFNF-A N 800 to 2500MHz +15 4 2.25 Y
DGXZ+15TFTF-A TNC 800 to 2500MHz +15 4 2.25 Y
DGXZ+24NFNF-A N 800 to 2500MHz +24 4 6.25 Y
DGXZ+36NFNF-A N 800 to 2500MHz +36 4 15 Y
DGXZ+48NFNF-A N 800 to 2500MHz +48 4 40 Y
DGXZ+60NFNF-A N 800 to 2500MHz +60 4 40 Y
DGXZ-15NFNF-A N 800 to 2500MHz -15 4 2.25 Y
DGXZ-24NFNF-A N 800 to 2500MHz -24 4 6.25 Y
DGXZ-36NFNF-A N 800 to 2500MHz -36 4 15 Y
DGXZ-48NFNF-A N 800 to 2500MHz -48 4 40 Y
DGXZ-60NFNF-A N 800 to 2500MHz -72 4 40 Y
DGXZ+06DFDF-A DIN 800 to 2500MHz +06 4 0.25 Y
DGXZ+15DFDF-A DIN 800 to 2500MHz +15 4 2.25 Y
DGXZ+24DFDF-A DIN 800 to 2500MHz +24 4 6.25 Y
DGXZ+36DFDF-A DIN 800 to 2500MHz +36 4 15 Y
DGXZ+48DFDF-A DIN 800 to 2500MHz +48 4 40 Y
DGXZ+60DFDF-A DIN 800 to 2500MHz +60 4 40 Y
DGXZ-15DFDF-A DIN 800 to 2500MHz -15 4 2.25 Y
DGXZ-24DFDF-A DIN 800 to 2500MHz -24 4 6.25 Y
DGXZ-36DFDF-A DIN 800 to 2500MHz -36 4 15 Y
DGXZ-48DFDF-A DIN 800 to 2500MHz -48 4 40 Y
DGXZ-60DFDF-A DIN 800 to 2500MHz -72 4 40 Y
NOTE:Discontinued Products:For a complete reference of discontinued product number and associated replacement products refer to the PolyPhaser website @ http://www.polyphaser.com/products/obsolete.aspx
Part Connector Frequency Operating Max dc Max WeatherizedNumber Range Voltage (Vdc) Current (Adc) Power (watts)
Bulkhead 50ΩIS-MD50LNZ N dc to 0.5 / 50 to 500MHz - 48 2 RO N
DC50LNZ+15 N 400 to 960MHz +15 2 RO N
DC50LNZ+20 N 400 to 960MHz +20 2 RO N
DC50LNZ+26 N 400 to 960MHz +26 2 RO N
DC50LNZ+30 N 400 to 960MHz +30 2 RO N
DC50LNZ+36 N 400 to 960MHz +36 2 RO N
IS-MR50LNZ+6 N 1.2 to 2.0GHz + 6 2 RO N
MR50LNZ+15 N 1.2 to 2.0GHz +15 2 RO N
Bulkhead 75ΩIS-MR75LBZ+6 BNC 1.2 to 1.7GHz + 6 2 RO N
Flange 50ΩIS-50UB/1.5 UHF dc to 50MHz 1.5 2 RO N
IS-50UB/6 UHF dc to 50MHz 6 2 RO N
IS-50UB/18 UHF dc to 50MHz 18 2 RO N
IS-50BB/1.5 BNC dc to 50MHz 1.5 2 RO N
IS-50BB/6 BNC dc to 50MHz 6 2 RO N
IS-50BB/18 BNC dc to 50MHz 18 2 RO N
IS-50NB/1.5 N dc to 50MHz 1.5 2 RO N
IS-50NB/6 N dc to 50MHz 6 2 RO N
IS-50NB/18 N dc to 50MHz 18 2 RO N
IS-50TB/1.5 TNC dc to 50MHz 1.5 2 RO N
IS-50TB/6 TNC dc to 50MHz 6 2 RO N
IS-50TB/18 TNC dc to 50MHz 18 2 RO N
Flange 75ΩIS-75UB/1.5 UHF dc to 30MHz 1.5 2 RO N
IS-75UB/6 UHF dc to 30MHz 6 2 RO N
IS-75UB/18 UHF dc to 30MHz 18 2 RO N
IS-75BB/1.5 BNC dc to 30MHz 1.5 2 RO N
IS-75BB/6 BNC dc to 30MHz 6 2 RO N
IS-75BB/18 BNC dc to 30MHz 18 2 RO N
IS-75BB-DS-3 BNC dc to 200MHz 2 2 RO N
IS-75FB/1.5 F dc to 30MHz 1.5 2 RO N
IS-75FB/6 F dc to 30MHz 6 2 RO N
IS-75FB/18 F dc to 30MHz 18 2 RO N
IS-75NB/1.5 N dc to 30MHz 1.5 2 RO N
IS-75NB/6 N dc to 30MHz 6 2 RO N
IS-75NB/18 N dc to 30MHz 18 2 RO N
IS-SB75F F (single LNB) 450 to 1450MHz +24 2 RO N
IS-DB75F F (dual LNB) 450 to 1450MHz +24 2 RO N
MDS+24-F-F F 10kHz to 150kHz / 10MHz to 100MHz / 300MHz to 2500MHz 24 3 50 Y
NOTE:Discontinued Products:For a complete reference of discontinued product number and associated replacement products refer to the PolyPhaser website @ http://www.polyphaser.com/products/obsolete.aspx
VSWR Insertion Loss Let-through Throughput Turn-on Turn-on Time Drawing Drawing PartdB Voltage (dc) Energy Voltage (dc) ns for 2kV/ns Number Page Number
Part Connector Frequency Type Operating Max dc Max WeatherizedNumber Range Voltage (dc) Current (Adc) Power
Bulkhead 50ΩDC50LN+15 (GC50LN+15) N 400 to 960MHz Injector (Pickoff) +15 2 RO NDC50LN+20 (GC50LN+20) N 400 to 960MHz Injector (Pickoff) +20 2 RO NDC50LN+26 (GC50LN+26) N 400 to 960MHz Injector (Pickoff) +26 2 RO NDC50LN+30 (GC50LN+30) N 400 to 960MHz Injector (Pickoff) +30 2 RO NDC50LN+36 (GC50LN+36) N 400 to 960MHz Injector (Pickoff) +36 2 RO N
Bulkhead/Flange 50ΩCGXJ+15NFNF-A N 400 to 1200MHz Bias-T +15 4 300 NCGXJ+24NFNF-A N 400 to 1200MHz Bias-T +24 4 300 NCGXJ+36NFNF-A N 400 to 1200MHz Bias-T +36 4 300 NCGXJ+48NFNF-A N 400 to 1200MHz Bias-T +48 4 300 NCGXJ-15NFNF-A N 400 to 1200MHz Bias-T -15 4 300 NCGXJ-24NFNF-A N 400 to 1200MHz Bias-T -24 4 300 NCGXJ-36NFNF-A N 400 to 1200MHz Bias-T -36 4 300 NCGXJ-48NFNF-A N 400 to 1200MHz Bias-T -48 4 300 NCGXJ+06DFDF-A DIN 400 to 1200MHz Bias-T +06 4 300 NCGXJ+15DFDF-A DIN 400 to 1200MHz Bias-T +15 4 300 NCGXJ+24DFDF-A DIN 400 to 1200MHz Bias-T +24 4 300 NCGXJ+36DFDF-A DIN 400 to 1200MHz Bias-T +36 4 300 NCGXJ+48DFDF-A DIN 400 to 1200MHz Bias-T +48 4 300 NCGXJ-15DFDF-A DIN 400 to 1200MHz Bias-T -15 4 300 NCGXJ-24DFDF-A DIN 400 to 1200MHz Bias-T -24 4 300 NCGXJ-36DFDF-A DIN 400 to 1200MHz Bias-T -36 4 300 NCGXJ-48DFDF-A DIN 400 to 1200MHz Bias-T -48 4 300 NDGXJ+06NFNF-A N 800 to 2500MHz Bias-T +06 4 300 NDGXJ+15NFNF-A N 800 to 2500MHz Bias-T +15 4 300 NDGXJ+24NFNF-A N 800 to 2500MHz Bias-T +24 4 300 NDGXJ+36NFNF-A N 800 to 2500MHz Bias-T +36 4 300 NDGXJ+48NFNF-A N 800 to 2500MHz Bias-T +48 4 300 NDGXJ+60NFNF-A N 800 to 2500MHz Bias-T +60 4 300 NDGXJ-15NFNF-A N 800 to 2500MHz Bias-T -15 4 300 NDGXJ-24NFNF-A N 800 to 2500MHz Bias-T -24 4 300 NDGXJ-36NFNF-A N 800 to 2500MHz Bias-T -36 4 300 NDGXJ-48NFNF-A N 800 to 2500MHz Bias-T -48 4 300 NDGXJ-60NFNF-A N 800 to 2500MHz Bias-T -60 4 300 NDGXJ+06DFDF-A DIN 800 to 2500MHz Bias-T +06 4 300 NDGXJ+15DFDF-A DIN 800 to 2500MHz Bias-T +15 4 300 NDGXJ+24DFDF-A DIN 800 to 2500MHz Bias-T +24 4 300 NDGXJ+36DFDF-A DIN 800 to 2500MHz Bias-T +36 4 300 NDGXJ+48DFDF-A DIN 800 to 2500MHz Bias-T +48 4 300 NDGXJ+60DFDF-A DIN 800 to 2500MHz Bias-T +60 4 300 NDGXJ-15DFDF-A DIN 800 to 2500MHz Bias-T -15 4 300 NDGXJ-24DFDF-A DIN 800 to 2500MHz Bias-T -24 4 300 NDGXJ-36DFDF-A DIN 800 to 2500MHz Bias-T -36 4 300 NDGXJ-48DFDF-A DIN 800 to 2500MHz Bias-T -48 4 300 NDGXJ-60DFDF-A DIN 800 to 2500MHz Bias-T -60 4 300 N
Max Max Insertion Let-through Throughput Throughput Turn-on Turn-on Time ns Drawing Drawing PartVSWR Loss dB Voltage (dc) Energy (RF) Energy (dc) Voltage (Vdc) for 2kV/ns Number Page Number
Data/Phone Line ProtectionTelephone central offices and computer rooms have many thingsin common. Both have computersconnected to data or phone lines,local area networks (LAN), andphone channel banks (T-carrier). Allare interconnected to the “outsideworld” with twisted pair, coaxialcable, or fiber optic interfaces.
Telephone line protectors suppliedby the phone company are a firstline of defense, but are not alwaysconnected to a high current capacity, fast transient responseground system. PolyPhaser offers aseries of data and Telco protectorswhen a higher level of protection is required.
LAN and T-carriers require protec-tors that have wide bandwidths forhigh frequency data with tightlycontrolled surge energy specifica-tions. If our catalog products do not match your requirement,PolyPhaser can supply a custom-designed product for your application.
Other special protectors are available for Telco span line andrepeater current loop lines. Pleasevisit PolyPhaser’s web site or contact our customer service formore information.
Wireless Ethernet/Internet DataLine ProtectionSurge protection for wireless powerover Ethernet equipment used for point to multipoint commu-nications, data backhaul, wireless internet hot spots and many otherwireless services that need lightningsurge protection for tower or polemounted outdoor base station or hub equipment as well as protection for indoor located computer, communications, andother equipment connected to these systems.
PolyPhaser’s IX Protection Platformcan be configured with standardmodules to provide the highestlevel of data line and supply powerprotection for your equipment. TheIX products are UL listed and meetBELCORE 1089 requirements for100Amp 10/1000 uSec waveform in a weather-tight housing. Pleasevisit PolyPhaser’s web site or contact our customer service formore information.
Data Applications
PolyPhaser’s Data Protection Platform, IX series, is available for many applications
IX Data Protection Platform
Connections: # 16 - 28 AWG Temperature: -40˚ to +65˚ C storage
-40˚ to +50˚ C operatingVibration: 1 G @ 5 Hz to 100 HzEnvironmental: (Outdoor unit)
BELLCORE #TA-NWT-000487, Procedure 4.11Wind Driven (70 MPH) Rain Intrusion Test
Surge: BELLCORE 1089, 10/1000 uSec @ 100 A
Agency Approval: UL497B - Listed
Accessory: Pole Mount (sold separately)
Configurable to your application Data only or Power over Ethernet
IX-DC24 or IX-DC48Application: (24 or 48Vdc)
Power Supply, dc voltageTurn On: +/- 32, +/- 53 VdcSeries Resistance: < 0.02 OhmsCurrent: 2.0 Adc
IX-MApplication: (up to 25Mbps)
RS 232 Turn On: +/- 30 Vdc Series Resistance: 1 Ohm TypicalCapacitance (Common Mode)
100 pF TypicalCapacitance (Differential Mode)
100 pF Typical
IX-LApplication: (up to 25Mbps)
T1/E1, RS422, RS485 Turn On: +/- 12 Vdc Series Resistance: 1 Ohm TypicalCapacitance (Common Mode)
100 pF TypicalCapacitance (Differential Mode)
100 pF Typical
IX-HApplication: (up to 100Mbps)
CAT5 Compatible, UTP, STPTurn On: + 8 Vdc, Common and
Part Series Typical Turn-on # of Max dc C Series R Let-through -3dB (600Ω) Drawing DrawingNumber Application Vdc Wires Current (Adc) Data (Ω) Vp BW Number Page
1. Determine Application: ac Series: CCTV Power Protectorac Shunt: Power mains shunt type protector, use plug-in protector at sensitive equipment
ac Plug-in: Protects at the sensitive equipmentac Plug-in Rack Mount: Plug-in type protector for 19" rack mount
dc Series: In-line battery, charge or other dc circuit protectordc Shunt: Shunt rotor control or other dc circuit protector
2. Determine Maximum Voltage: 24: Single phase (One hot, neutral and ground)120: Single phase (One hot, neutral and ground)
120/240: Bi-phase (two hot, neutral and ground)240: Single phase (One hot, neutral and ground)
120/208: Three-phase (three hot, neutral and ground)277/480: Three-phase (three hot, neutral and ground)dc Series: Allow for maximum initial charger voltage
3. Determine Maximum Current: Series: Select unit above maximum operating currentShunt: Are not affected by operating current
4. Part Number: dc Series: -NG: Negative ground, Positive Voltage-PG: Positive ground, Negative Voltage-FG: Floating Ground, Positive or Negative Voltage
5. Turn-on: Turn-on voltage at 1mAdc with a ramp of 100V/ms typical
6. Peak Vdc: Maximum voltage let-through the protector
7. Drawing Number: Refers to dimensional and installation drawing
Part ac Series Application Max ac Turn-On Pk Vdc Drawing DrawingNumber Current (Aac) Vdc Number PageIS-SPTV 24 5 39 215 D001 43
dc Shunt (Rotor Control)IS-RCT up to 8 lines 60 N/A 82 230 E007 50
ac/dc Power Protectors
POWER MAINS INFORMATIONThere are several ways in whichyour equipment can be damagedvia the power line. One is a strikeelsewhere on the power line, inducing a surge that travels toyour equipment. However, a striketo your tower or a coupled surge to the phone lines can also damageequipment since the power line can provide an alternate path toground. To ensure survival, allinputs and outputs (I/Os) must not only be protected but must bebonded in common via a commonlow inductance conductor to anearth ground. All grounds shouldbe bonded in the earth to form a single earth system.
Power mains protectors are to be placed at the entrance panels, transfer switches or distributionpanels. They should have a lowinductance path to the earth systemand be installed with the minimallead inductance (short with gradualbends). For best protection, have an additional in-line power protector at or very near the sensitive equipment. This shouldnot be a protector that uses only the wall outlet safety ground. It should
be a protector that can be mounted/grounded (like the PLDO or MSRP)to your main earth system.
TYPES OF POWER MAINS CONFIGURATIONSPower mains come in several different configurations. The threebasic ones are single, bi-phase andthree phase. Three phase is some-times called polyphase and has further divisional classes using theletters "Y" (written "Wye") and "∆"(the Greek letter Delta).
SINGLE PHASE (One hot, neutral and ground)This is the simplest. It has one live or hot feed, a return called aneutral and a safety ground. This is commonly used for secondarywiring for a normal outlet. It may be any worldwide standardvoltage. For the U.S.A., it is 120Vac (see drawing).
BI-PHASE (Two hot, neutral and ground)This is a common feed configura-tion. It may be obtained by either asingle transformer, center tapped orby grounding one phase of a threephase delta. The former is oftencalled single phase in the U.S.A.since it often uses a single, centertapped transformer fed from one ofthree high line phases. These phasesare 180 degrees from each other so 120Vac is available as well as240Vac. This is typical for most240Vac applications in the U.S.A.(see drawing).
THREE PHASE (Three hot, neutral and groundedneutral)This is the feed for large facilities.The phases are 120 degrees apart.The Wye configuration normallyhas a neutral/return which isgrounded. The true delta (or closeddelta) normally does not have aground. The open delta has a highleg (red lead) with a higher voltageto ground than the rest. A groundeddelta has one leg grounded (see drawings).
In normally conductive soil, twoground rods should be spaced thesum of their lengths. One long deeprod or well casing will not be aseffective as an array of radials andground rods. Even if the one deeprod measures a low resistance, theinductance is usually much greater.In conductive upper layer soil conditions, saturation can occurwhich can cause eddy currents andadditional inductance.
Unlike the radials, ground roddiameter size will have little effecton impedance unless the rod is verylong. It is not always imperative toreach the water table, since this maybe too far for the rod to be effective.It may be easier to salt dope the rodor use a chemical ground rod thatcollects precipitation. In poor soilconditions, the spacing of groundrods should be closer. Poor groundconductivity will not shunt the radials’ inductance, thus moreground rods will help by eitherreaching more conductive soil orarcing to relieve the voltage potential. If not quickly dispersed,the voltage will build up at thetower and attempt to go another,perhaps unwanted, path.
All radials should be run away from the equipment building. The more radials there are, the morethe current is divided. A perimeterground system (ring) around the building will help form anequipotential plane. If this ring is approximately equal (in length) to each radial and if eight radialsare used, each will have 1/9 thetotal surge energy. This will leaveonly 1/9 the strike energy to the equipment building perimeterground. The perimeter should onlyhave one interconnection to the
tower base and should be justbelow the coax cable runs. Formountaintops, where no conductivesoil exists and only radials can beused, wide copper strap, 1-1/2" to 3" wide, should be used to minimize inductance.
The rebar in the concrete tower base should be used to augment the grounding system. Concrete is conductive because of retainedmoisture and alkalinity. Tower Jbolts or anchor bolts embedded in aconductive concrete tower base willcouple strike energy to the concrete.The surface area interface betweenbolt and concrete will conduct highcurrent levels during a strike. If the ground system is not adequate, the current density could be highenough to cause arcing at thebolt/concrete interface. When the rebar is interconnected with the bolts, there is additional surfacearea interface with the concrete,reducing current density. With more surface area and less currentdensity, arcing in the concrete is less likely to occur. If the ground systemis not adequate, the current densitywill be high enough to cause arcingat the bolts. By interconnecting therebar, the current density will bereduced and arcing will be less likely to occur. To learn more ondesigning with the rebar, consultour book, Lightning Protection and Grounding Solutions forCommunication Sites (LPGS).
It is not necessary to route a singlecopper ground wire up a large galvanized steel tower. The difference in resistance betweencopper and galvanized steel is lostwhen compared to the inductivevoltage drop due to surface area(skin effect). Placing a lightning rod
at the tower top and using the copper cable and tying it to groundis ineffective. The inductive voltagedrop of the wire (>100kV) willcause it to jump (arc) to the tower,unless it is at least 24" from thetower. In fact, the use of bare copper cable can cause a corrosionproblem to the tower and shouldnot be used unless covered. Coppershould never come in contact withgalvanized steel. Tinned copperwire should not be used in theground together with copperground rods, since the tinning willbe leached into the soil very quickly.
Increasing the distance between the tower and the coax cable entry provides additional propagationaltime for the tower ground to absorbthe strike energy. At the buildingentry bulkhead panel, coax protec-tors should be used in addition toanother set of coax grounding kits.This bulkhead panel should haveground connectors connecting it tothe perimeter ground with the samecircumferences as the combined circumferences of the coax cables.Tower lighting protectors shouldalso be included and grounded at this same point.
In a P/G system design, one shouldalso think of system noise reductionand EMI/RFI (Tempest) shielding.This can be accomplished with a single point grounding system.Sometimes the use of a singleground bus (called the PrincipalGround Window or PGW) can act as your single point. All yourequipment chassis should begrounded to this bus. It should be a large surface area connection to the ground system such as aPolyPhaser Bulkhead Panel, PEEPor PEP.
Grounding OverviewGrounding Overview
Lightning Protection InformationThe severity of a lightning strike isa statistically predictable event. An economically designed protection/grounding (P/G) system shouldtake into account a typical-to-largestrike. The P/G system should bemaintained on a monthly or at leastyearly basis. This should includetesting protectors, measuring theground system, pulling on groundrods, and cleaning/inspecting connections for corrosion and tightness. It should also involve a re-evaluation of the overall systemdesign every time new equipmentis installed, moved, or modified.
A lightning strike starts with a localbreakdown of the atmosphere (stepleader) and steps about 150 feet in1µs time increments every 50µs.During each of the 49µs dormantstages, an imaginary hemisphere of 150-foot radius can be used todetermine the next jumping dis-tance. Any object which penetratesthis hemisphere can be chosen asthe point of attachment for thereturn stroke (lightning strike).Since this is a hemisphere, thegeometry of a horizontal strike to a tower can occur anywhere abovethe 150-foot point over average terrain (side mounted antennasabove this height are vulnerable).This has led to the 150-foot radiusrolling ball concept, where an imag-inary ball is rolled along the groundin all directions. Each touch point ofthe ball with any ground-mountedobject is subject to an attachmentpoint (hit). Coax grounding kitsshould be installed every 75 feetabove the 150-foot point. Installadditional kits below 150-feet at themiddle, bottom, and prior to thebuilding entry bulkhead.
Lightning will take the path of leastimpedance which is both resistanceand inductance. The larger the conductive surface, the lower theinductance. Bends add inductance— a coil is the continuous bendingof a wire. Ground wires should belarge and run straight for minimuminductance and voltage drop. Theyalso should be separated from allother conductors by 6 to 8 inchesand should not run inside orthrough a conductor unless they are bonded to it. In conduit, groundwires should be bonded at both the entrance and the exit. Whenworking with a metal wall, bondthe ground wires to both sides. Do not go through the wall.
Your tower will be the point ofimpact like a pebble going into astill pond. The rings will be equipo-tential waves as they diffuse intothe surrounding soil. The groundwires in the soil still have induc-tance. This inductance, shunted bythe soil resistance, sets up a timeconstant or velocity of propagation(since capacitance is present also).The "ripples" will propagate fasterwith larger surface area wire andbetter conductive soil. The dopingof soil with MgSO4 salts can helpincrease soil conductivity and retainwater.
It is not necessary to run intercon-necting rings around a tower. Self-support towers will equalize thesurge current to each leg (the coaxleg may have slightly more current).Guyed towers should not haverings, even if the rings are to act asa collector for the radials. If eachradial is interconnected directly tothe tower base or leg, the induc-tance would be less than havingonly one or two connections going
to a ground ring. Rings further outwould be connecting radial groundrods that will have the same poten-tial at the same point in time, thuslittle current will flow as comparedto taking the same material andeffort and running another radialfrom the tower base.
Guy anchors should be groundedwith no dissimilar metals. In poorsoil conditions, radials can be used together with ground rods to ground the anchors. A ground system can be obtained in manyways, but the most economical is with radials and ground rods.Radials of less than 100' will disperse the tower base or guy wireenergy outward, while the groundrods can help take it to lower, moreconductive soil layers. If the surgeis not leaked or launched into the soil in the radial section(s), the ground rods, if lower soil conductivity can’t be found, willdevelop high E fields and can arc in the soil to spread the charge outward. (This arcing is less likelyin soils with higher conductivity.)
Arcing can cause glassificationaround the rod, starting at the tipand working upward. The hot plasma fuses the silica sand intoglass which is a good insulatorsince water is boiled out in the process and can no longer re-penetrate the hardened glass. This is why, as a routine maintenance, a tug on the rodwhich produces easy movement, is a possible indication of glassification.
The whole practice of lightning protection is to control the discharge path and not have it randomly disperse in any direction.
Semiconductors, whether siliconbased or Metal Oxide Varistors(MOV), will fail in a shorted modewhen they are at the end of life, orwhen overpowered beyond theirdesigned capabilities. However, ifsubjected to power levels in excessof the fusing levels of the wireleads, the unit may fuse open.
Gas tubes normally fail in a shortedmode. Once shorted, another largestrike can explode the gas tube, creating an open circuit. Lab testlevels show that our IS-NEMP, IS-B50 and IS-50 series models willvent the gas tubes at 89kA andabove using the IEEE 8/20µs waveform.
This is just an overview of proper grounding and protectorinstallation. For a more in-depthstudy, please consult our 100+ pagebook, Lightning Protection andGrounding Solutions forCommunication Sites (LPGS). Or visit our website atwww.polyphaser.com
Grounding Solutions:Everything for grounding applications except the groundrods. PEPs, PEEP-Ms and PB-Mscome with everything necessary for a complete installation: boots, copper straps, hardware, etc. UsePEPs and PEEP-Ms for "thin wall"buildings and PB-Ms for "thickwall" (cinderblock and concrete) structures. The -M suffix means‘modular’; panels can be installedside-by-side to increase the numberof ports. GSIE grounding bars can be used to provide propergrounding and expansion of existing sites.
Grounding Components:
• Rack Isolation Kit:
Isolates the rack from conductivefloors (concrete). The isolation kit will eliminate a current paththrough sensitive equipment.
• Bulkhead to Flange Adapter:Adapts most PolyPhaser bulkhead-mounted protectors to mount on a single point grounding panel orsimilar flat surface. The connectoron the antenna (surge) side must be female; i.e. will not work withthe -MA versions.
• Low Inductance CopperGrounding Strap:
To achieve a low inductance groundsystem. Copper strap has a largersurface area and lower inductanceper foot than equivalent cross section circular wire.
• Copper Strap Bonding Clamps:To bond copper strap withoutbuilding up the joint for an exother-mic weld. Use for connecting thecopper strap radial to the groundrod; to transition from copper strapto wire [sizes: #6 to #4/0 AWG];and bonding different widths ofcopper strap to each other.
• Copper to Tower Leg Corrosion-Free Grounding Clamps:
Use for attaching copper strap to a galvanized tower leg. Maximizesthe contact surface area and prevents corrosion due to dissimilarmetals. These clamps eliminate theneed for exothermic welding to the tower.
• Wire/Copper Rod Transition Clamps:
Bonds the copper strap radial to the(copper-plated) ground rod withoutbuilding up the joint for an exother-mic weld.
• Copper Cleaning Kit:
For best results, the copper shouldbe brought down to "white metal"before bonding and weather sealing.
• Weatherproofing Kit:
When a PolyPhaser model designedfor inside use must be mounted outdoors and unprotected, use theweatherproofing kit to preventmoisture ingress. The kit can easilyhandle extreme temperatures, and is unaffected by the sun’s ultraviolet (UV) rays.
Grounding OverviewGrounding Overview
Typically, the plasma column of the lightning strike (return stroke)can have a voltage rise time of 20-50nanoseconds. If it hits a tower, thetower will handle the majority ofthe current pulse to ground. The tower will also radiate the RFenergy of the strike. The near field(high magnetic or H field) will penetrate equipment interconnect-ing wires and induce surge energy.A Faraday cage can reduce thisenergy. A halo ground system withmultiple down conductors to theoutside perimeter ground loop canact as a quasi-Faraday cage andgive some low frequency shielding.Properly bonded metal buildingpanels can act as a more effectivecage. Double-walled screen roomsoffer the greatest isolation.
Tower flasher lines, both strobe and conventional, should have protectors to prevent surge entryinto the building on the power lines as well as nuisance damage to strobe PC boards.
To ensure survival of the buildingequipment, all Inputs/Outputs(I/Os) must have protection andthey should all be ideally located at the principal ground window or bulkhead panel. If these I/Os(power, telco, etc.) enter elsewhere,protect them first at the entry point(ground protector to perimeter)next run to Perimeter GroundWindow (PGW) then protect itagain before distribution by thecable trays.(Note: All trays shouldbe grounded to the PGW or bulkhead panel.)
TYPES OF PROTECTORSThe best type of protector is an in-line type. It can better clamp and protect, while preventing the sharing of surge voltage and current with equipment. For telcolines, the best protector is neededwhen just a few lines are used.Every ground system will momen-tarily saturate or elevate withrespect to the surrounding areauntil the surge can propagate and dissipate into the soil. The evaluated site ground system canforce "on" protectors (power andtelco) and dump surge energy ontooutbound lines. The greater thenumber of telco lines, the more thesurge is divided as it is distributedover these pairs. The single pairneeds the world’s best protector to ensure equipment survivabilityfrom over-voltage stress, as largersurge energy is diverted to this single outbound pair.
LOCAL AREA NETWORKSWhen coax or twisted pairs areused in LAN or WAN systems, aproblem between different localgrounds can occur. This can causeprotectors, which protect in differ-ential mode (wire to wire) as well as common mode (wire to ground),to see a voltage over the turn-onthreshold between wires andgrounds and clip, induce a hum, or not allow the system to operate.This is not the fault of the protector,but the system design. Groundsshould be in common, or on an isolated ground adapter.
POWER LINELightning and surge protectors areno substitute for an UninterruptiblePower Supply (UPS). However,many UPS units do not have adequate surge protection. In-lineprotectors can offer filtering of theline; however, many protectors useferrite core material which will saturate on major surges and beuseless. Air core type indicatorsmay not offer as low a cutoff frequency or as much filter attenuation and are physically larger, but they will not changewith surge current or become lesseffective due to ferrite core mag-netic orientation. (PolyPhaser usesonly air core inductors.) If yourequipment is sensitive and critical,it should be on a UPS, which willbuffer any line noise from your system since the ac power is regenerated. (Filters do not absorbor dissipate energy, but merelyshunt or reflect it back to its source.)Power line protectors that cover the wall outlet when they plug in are only good for stand-aloneequipment with no other I/Os. Thisis because other I/Os can input asurge to the equipment. A powerline protector, which is far away onthe end of an inductive cord, willnot limit the over voltage due to the inductance of the cord’s safetyground wire. Protectors should be in common with (by a shortinterconnection) the chassis of theequipment that is to be protectedand not at the end of a long equip-ment power cord. This may be hardor impossible to do with consumertype protectors in plastic enclo-sures, but not with PolyPhaser’sconductive aluminum case.
EMI/RFIElectromagnetic interference: Whenan electrical disturbance from a natural phenomena (e.g., lightningor ESD) or an electrical/electronicdevice or system causes an undesired conducted or radiatedresponse in a system. RadioFrequency Interference (RFI): Existswhen either the transmitter orreceiver is carrier operated (has anantenna), causing undesiredresponses to, or from, other electronic equipment or systems.Sometimes, RFI and EMI are usedinterchangeably. This is not correct.RFI requires that at least one antenna be involved and is part of the EMI umbrella.
EMPElectromagnetic pulse: The radia-tion coming from a thermonuclearexplosion. One upper atmosphericEMP default value is a 50 kV/m E-field pulse having a rise time of5 nsec and pulse duration of 150nsec at the 50% amplitude) whichcan be captured by antennas andlong unshielded lines. Sometimesreferred to as NEMP, HEMP, etc.Lightning can also generate anEMP near the event, referredto as LEMP.
EMP RATEDRated as having a fast enough turn-on time or filtering to protectagainst the effects of an EMP event.
FARADAY SHIELDAn electrostatic (E field) shieldmade up of a conductive or partially conductive material orgrid. A Faraday cage or screen room is effective for protectinginside equipment from outside radiated RF energies.
FILTERING (EMI/RFI)Filters designed for power lineand/or signal line applications to pass a defined band and reject emissions above the cutoff frequency. Almost all EMI filters are of the low-pass type and are designed to provide some minimum attenuation in the stopband, provided they are bulkheadmounted in accordance with themanufacturers’ specifications. EMIfilters are measured in a 50-ohmsystem pursuant to MIL-STD-220A.Above about 20KHz, this causes little problem, but substantial insertion-loss errors can result atlow frequency for power lines.
FREQUENCY RANGEThe bandwidth over which both the listed maximum VSWR andInsertion Loss specifications arevalid.
GROUND IMPEDANCEThe ground resistance and theinductance/capacitance value of the grounding system, also calleddynamic surge ground impedance.
GROUND LOOP"Ground loops" are produced when a circuit is grounded at morethan one point, with noise voltage (common mode) existing betweenthe points. Solutions include single-point grounding, diversion of ground-noise currents from signal circuits (via common mode capacitors or isolation transformers), and loop-impedancemodification (with isolation transformers, opto-isolators, fiber optics, or filters).
GROUND RESISTANCEThe resistance value of a groundingsystem or given ground rod asmeasured, usually by a fall ofpotential (3 stake) method.
HFHigh Frequency – normally from 3to 30MHz; however in this catalogit covers from 1.5 to 30MHz.
HOUSED USE ONLYFor indoor use, or must be furtherenclosed or weatherproofed for outdoor usage.
IMPEDANCENominal impedance of a device or system. The variation of thisimpedance with frequency is measured as VSWR or return loss.
IN-LINEPower or signal passes throughunit. In series with line, usually a multi-stage protector. Best protection method.
ILInsertion Loss - The attenuation vs.frequency of a device placed into acircuit, cable, connector, network,etc. IL is usually expressed as thelogarithm of the ratio of a voltage,VB, before vs. after, VA, the deviceis inserted. IL = 20 log10(VB/VA).
JOULEA unit of energy measured in wattseconds. One watt for one second is equal to one joule.
Glossary of TermsGlossary of Terms
AMPERE(N): The base unit of electrical current. An ampere (current) is a (coulomb/second).
BANDWIDTH(N): Difference in frequencybetween the upper and lower 3dB down response frequencies.(A): A measure of the amount ofvoice, data or video that is sentthrough a connection, usually measured in bps = bits per second.A full page of English text is about16,000 bits. A fast modem can moveabout 56,000 bits in one second.Full-motion, full-screen videowould require roughly 10 Mb/s,depending on compression.
BI-PHASEFound as a power feed to most U.S. homes. Derived from a centertapped transformer; it contains twohot phases (180°) with a center tap neutral return. Normally suppliedas two 120 volt single phases with240 volts available across both phases. The neutral return is usually earth grounded.
CAPACITANCE(N): A measure of the ability of a circuit to resist changes in voltagemagnitude. Circuits placed closetogether generate another type of additional capacitance called mutual capacitance. Capacitanceallows a ground system to storeampere seconds, measured at1.0KHz unless otherwise stated.
CLAMPVoltage clamp or clip. To hold turn-on voltage as current isincreased. Turn-on voltage is thesame, or nearly the same, as "on-state" voltage drop.
CLAMPING RATIOThe ratio of voltage drop at a givencurrent to the turn-on voltage forTVSS devices (gas tube, MOV,SAD).
CLAMPING SPEEDMeasured with full lead lengthusing a 1kV/ns waveform in a 50 Ωsystem, with ≥300MHz or largerbandwidth of TVSS devices.
COMBINER(N): Used to combine correlated signals.(A): The summation of multiple transmitters into one transmissionline. The peak voltage from eachsignal will be additive and will behigher than the sum of the powerwould indicate.
COMMON-MODEPertaining to signals or signal components referenced to ground.
COULOMB(N): SI unit of electric charge, equal to the charge found on 6.25 x 10E18electrons; amount of charge thatcrosses surface in one second whencurrent of one ampere flows acrossit. Measurement of charge oftenused to indicate the amount oftransferred charge through a gastube to determine gas tube life. "Q" abbreviation. A coulomb is (current x time).
CROWBARAs pertains to gas tube devices: Toturn-on and clamp close to groundlevel. Having a high turn-on triggervoltage and a low "on" voltage.
DIFFERENTIAL MODE COUPLING(a tutorial): (1) Non common-moderadiation from a wire pair or coaxialline or (2) Radiation into a wire pair or coax which develops a differential-mode voltage.
DIPLEXER(N): A three-port frequency-dependent device that may be usedas a separator or a combiner of signals. A diplexer is also a multi-coupler that permits the connectionand the simultaneous use of severaldevices, such as transmitters orreceivers, to a common or singledevice, such as an antenna. It doesnot allow simultaneous transmis-sion and reception, but allows thesimultaneous transmission of twoor more signals using the same circuit, such as an antenna feed anda transmitting antenna, withoutEMI. A diplexer allows the simulta-neous reception of two or more signals using the same circuit, suchas an antenna lead, without EMI.
DUPLEXERSimultaneous receive and transmiton one transmission line. Where a T connector splits/combines thesignals to two groups of filters. The receiver filter passes the receive frequency while rejecting (bandstop) the transmitter’s frequency.The transmitter filter passes its frequency while attenuating theClass C transmit noise at the receivefrequency.
EMCElectromagnetic Compatibility:Operations of equipment and systems in their installed environments which cause no unfavorable response to, or by,other equipment and systems in the same environment.
SHUNT PROTECTORLine-to-ground. No power or signalpassage through unit. Not in-serieswith line.
SINGLE PHASEA true single phase supply. Usually a two-wire system with one hotphase and a neutral return. A safetyearth ground is also present.
SKIN EFFECTAt RF, current flows on the surface or skin of metal due to theincreased inductance in the interior.1-1/e or 63% of the current flows inthe first skin depth. The gradientconduction and propagation of RFor RF components of a surge on theouter surfaces of conductors.
TEMPERATURE LIMITSThe extremes of operating or stor-age that the unit or unit parts havebeen tested to under MIL-STD-202for thermal shock.
THREE PHASEIt consists of sinusoids 120° aparton at least three wires (Delta) andoften four wires (Wye). The fourthwire is a grounded neutral return.In a Delta system there is no reference to ground and thus it is more susceptible to lightning problems.
THROUGHPUT ENERGYThe total energy, expressed inJoules, that will be let through adevice using the indicated surgewaveform.
TOTAL SURGE ENERGYTotal sum of surge energy for alllines of a protector unit. Measuredin Joules. The minimum total energy which results in the failureof the unit.
TRANSFER IMPEDANCEReferring to coax, is the impedance to transfer into or outside the coaxat various frequencies usuallybelow 1MHz. Due to loss of skineffect attenuation or shielding atthese low frequencies, coax can besusceptible to interference andnoise, as well as the radiation ofsuch signals.
TURN-ON TIME – GAS TUBEThe amount of time that exists inthe period that occurs when theramp voltage barely exceeds theturn-on voltage of the device, andthe point at which 50% of the peakvoltage is achieved during the turn-on (crowbar) process. Measured ina 50 Ω system with ≥300MHz bandwidth
TURN-ON VacThe maximum ac sine wave voltagethat can be passed with the peaksjust at the turn-on Vdc level.
TURN-ON VdcTurn-on voltage at 1mA dc with aramp of 100V/ms typical.
UHFUltra-High Frequency – normallyfrom 300 to 3000MHz, however inthis catalog we breakout 800 to1000MHz separately even though itis within this category.
VHFVery High Frequency - Frequenciesranging from 30MHz to 300MHz.This includes FM broadcast, VHFTV channels, VHF communications, P-band radar and some walkietalkie radios.
VLFVery Low Frequency – Frequenciesranging from 3KHz to 30KHz.
VOLT (N): The difference in potentialbetween two points of a conductingwire carrying a constant current of one ampere when the power dissipated between these twopoints equals one watt. A volt ofcharge is a (joule/coulomb).
VSWRVoltage Standing Wave Ratio - Ameasure of the degree to which aload is impedance matched to itstransmission line. A perfect matchhas a VSWR = 1.0 and poorermatches have correspondinglygreater VSWRs. VSWR =(Vincident+Vreflected)/Vincident-Vreflected).
VT MAXThe max peak voltage of all combined waveforms. Vtotal isused for multi-coupled or combinedtransmit signals.
Glossary of TermsGlossary of Terms
LEAKAGE CURRENTThe 50/60 Hz current returnedfrom (flowing through) a filtercapacitor(s) back to the safety-ground wire. The NationalElectrical Code and other regulations limit the amount ofallowable leakage current forportable apparatus as a safety consideration in case the groundterminal should accidentally break.Where ground-fault interrupters are used, they usually are set to tripwhen the leakage current exceedsabout 5 mA.
LIGHTNING(N): A transient high-current electric discharge whose pathlength is generally measured inkilometers. Lightning occurs whensome region of the atmospherebecomes sufficiently electricallycharged, allowing the electric fieldsassociated with the charge to causeelectrical breakdown of the air. The most common producer oflightning is the cumulonimbusthundercloud; however, lightningalso occurs in snowstorms, sandstorms, and in clouds overerupting volcanoes.
LOOP RESISTANCETotal resistance as measured acrossthe input with the output shorted.
MAXIMUM PEAK LET-THROUGHVOLTAGEMeasured at a given surge currentusing a given waveform, and using≥300MHz bandwidth across a loadimpedance (typically 50Ω). (Note:this impedance may be dc blocked[large bandwidth compared to thesurge frequencies present] andresistive load [termination]).
MAXIMUM POWERMaximum Continuous Wave (CW)RMS transmit power, without unit degradation.
MAXIMUM SURGEThe maximum single surge currentand specified waveform that can behandled by a device without failureduring the conduction of that wave-form and which ends the life of thedevice for conducting successivewaveforms, but does not allow anygeneration of outward projectiles.
MULTI-STRIKE CAPABILITYCapability of surge protection totake multiple lightning strikes andcontinue to provide equipment protection.
PIM: PASSIVE INTER MODULATIONThe generation of new RF signalsfrom the interaction of two or moreRF carriers with non-linear junctions in a conductive path (eg. IM3 = 2 *F1-F2).
POWERMeasured in Watts, one Watt = oneAmp X one Volt. Continuous Poweris an RMS value, while Peak Poweris the product of the voltage andcurrent values.
RECEIVER MULTICOUPLER(N): A device that:• permits the connection and the
simultaneous use of severaldevices, such as transmitters orreceivers, to a common or singledevice, such as an antenna,
• does not allow simultaneoustransmission and reception,
• allows the simultaneoustransmission of two or moresignals using the same circuit,such as an antenna feed and atransmitting antenna, withoutEMI, and
• allows the simultaneous receptionof two or more signals using thesame circuit, such as an antennalead, without EMI.
RADIO FREQUENCIESRF: In the ANSI/IEEE Standard 100-1984, the term is commonlyused to cover the frequency rangefrom 10KHz to 1,000GHz.
SAFETY GROUNDThe local earth ground. The earthground which bonds the neutralreturn. The wire may be green orbare and can be through a metal conduit. It may be earth groundedas many times as needed. (Neutralmust only be grounded once at theentry location.)
SUPER HIGH FREQUENCYSHF: Frequency ranging from 3GHzto 30GHz. This includes C, X, Kuand K-bands.
1. ORDERING GOODS. All orders forgoods must be made or confirmed inwriting. PolyPhaser’s acceptance of anyorder shall occur only after receipt ofPurchaser’s written order or confirmationand delivery of PolyPhaser’s writtenconfirmation to Purchaser.
2. PRICES. Unless otherwise quoted in afirm offer, all prices shall be as described inPolyPhaser’s price list last published beforePolyPhaser’s receipt of Purchaser’s writtenorder or confirmation. PolyPhaser shallprovide firm quotes only in writing. Unlessotherwise specified, all firm quotes shallexpire thirty (30) days from date of issuance.Prices are subject to change at any timewithout notice. Prices do not include federal,state or local taxes, freight or insurance.
3. TERMS. Sales on account are Net thirty(30) days upon previously approved creditonly. All other sales shall be Cash, Discover,MasterCard, Visa, Prepaid (before shipping)and Cash on Delivery (COD), OR paymentguaranteed by Irrevocable Letter of Credit,all bank charges paid by Purchaser.Purchaser may purchase goods on accountor credit only after written approval byPolyPhaser’s Credit Department.
4. DELIVERY AND SHIPPING. Unless otherwise requested in writing beforeshipment:(1) All domestic orders shall be shipped(a) prepaid and added to invoice, insuredto destination, UPS Ground Service; or(b) COD or on Collect account, fromPolyPhaser’s factory in Minden, Nevada;and (2) All international orders shall beshipped insured air delivery via carriersserving Reno/Tahoe International Airport.All freight and insurance charges shall bepayable by Purchaser (in addition to thepurchase price for the goods) in accordancewith Section 3 TERMS above. Except goodsshipped freight paid by factory, Purchaserbears the risk of all loss or damage to goodsin transit, and must make any claim fordamage or loss during shipment directlywith the carrier. Identification of goods shalloccur when PolyPhaser places the goods inthe custody of carrier for shipment.
5. INSPECTION AND ACCEPTANCE.All claims for damages, errors, shortages ornonconformance of goods must be made toPolyPhaser in writing within thirty (30)days of Purchaser’s receipt of the goods.Purchaser’s failure to make such claimwithin the time permitted shall constitutePurchaser’s irrevocable acceptance of thegoods.
6. MODIFICATIONS. PolyPhaser reservesthe right to modify and change specificationswith respect to any goods without notice,and to substitute such modified goodsto the extent that they meet or exceed theperformance specifications of the goodsordered by Purchaser.
7. RETURNS AND ALLOWANCES. Goodsrejected by Purchaser for damage (other thanduring shipping) or nonconformance mustbe returned to PolyPhaser within thirty (30)days of Purchaser’s timely rejection thereof.All other returns, whether for warrantyor otherwise, may be returned only afterwritten notice given by Purchaser toPolyPhaser and written authorization andacceptance by PolyPhaser. Purchaser shallship all returned goods insured freightcollect by carrier designated by PolyPhaser.Credit or adjustment for returned goodsshall be subject to inspection and acceptanceby PolyPhaser at PolyPhaser’s factory inMinden, Nevada. Non-standard catalogitems and items specially manufacturedfor Purchaser are non-cancelable, non-returnable and non-refundable except as towarranty defects and nonconformance tomanufacturing specifications.
8. LIMITED WARRANTY. POLYPHASERWARRANTS THAT AT THE TIME OFSHIPMENT THE GOODS SHALL MEETOR EXCEED ALL OF POLYPHASER’SPUBLISHED SPECIFICATIONS FOR SUCHGOODS AND SHALL BE AND REMAINFREE OF DEFECTS IN WORKMANSHIPAND MATERIALS FOR A PERIOD OF UPTO TEN (10) YEARS AFTER THE DATEOF SHIPMENT OF THE GOODS TOPURCHASER. PURCHASER AGREESTHAT THE GOODS ARE DESIGNEDACCORDING TO SPECIFICATIONSSUITABLE FOR PURCHASER’S PURPOSES,AND THAT, EXCEPT AS SET FORTH INTHIS LIMITED WARRANTY, POLYPHASERDISCLAIMS ANY WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED,INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION,ANY WARRANTY AS TO THE DESIGN,FITNESS, CONDITION, MERCHANTA-BILITY OR DESCRIPTION OF OR AS TOTHE QUALITY OF THE MATERIAL ORWORKMANSHIP IN THE GOODS,OR AS TO THEIR FITNESS FOR ANYPARTICULAR PURPOSE FOR ANYTRADE OR BUSINESS, OR ANY OTHERREPRESENTATION OR WARRANTYWHATSOEVER. Also excluded from thislimited warranty are goods covered by otherwritten manufacturer or supplier warranties,damage resulting from ordinary wearand tear, abusive use or lack of propermaintenance, work not done by PolyPhaseror PolyPhaser’s contractor or agents, or loss
or injury caused by the elements or duringshipment to or from Purchaser. Purchaseragrees to notify PolyPhaser in writing withinthirty (30) days of Purchaser’s discovery ofany problem with any goods subject to thislimited warranty. Goods determined to bedefective in materials or workmanship within the time described in this LimitedWarranty shall be repaired, replaced, or price fully refunded at PolyPhaser’s sole discretion, and only after Purchaser’s fullcompliance with the terms of RETURNSAND ALLOWANCES above, PolyPhaser’swritten approval for return, and examinationby PolyPhaser at PolyPhaser’s factory.PolyPhaser shall notify Purchaser of its decision to repair, replace, refund the purchase price, or to deny liability under thisLimited Warranty within sixty (60) days ofPolyPhaser’s receipt of the returned goods.The warranties contained in this LimitedWarranty are personal to Purchaser and arenot assignable by Purchaser to any transfereeof the goods.
9. LIMITATION OF LIABILITY.PolyPhaser shall not under any circum-stances (a) be liable to Purchaser for anywarranty claim relating to the goods orcomponents that Purchaser asserts morethan ten (10) years after the date of shipmentof the goods to Purchaser; (b) be liable toPurchaser for any damages in excess ofthe amount actually paid by Purchaserto PolyPhaser for the goods as to whichPurchaser makes a warranty claim or thecost of repair or replacement, whichever isthe smaller amount; (3) be liable to Purchaserfor any loss of use or profits or other specialor consequential damages; or (4) be respon-sible for any personal injury, or propertydamage alleged to arise as a result ofPurchaser’s or any third party’s use of thegoods. Purchaser expressly assumes therisk of and the responsibility for any andall damages for personal injury, propertydamage, loss of use or profits or other specialor consequential damages relating in anyway to the goods or use thereof. The abovelimitation shall apply even though it may bealleged that PolyPhaser or its agents havebeen actively or passively negligent.
10. VENUE AND JURISDICTION. The sole and exclusive forum for the resolutionof any disputes arising between Purchaserand PolyPhaser shall be the Ninth JudicialDistrict Court in the State of Nevada, in andfor Douglas County, or, upon proper legalbasis, the United States District Court forthe District of Nevada, Northern NevadaDivision, and Purchaser and PolyPhasereach confers jurisdiction over the resolutionof such disputes upon these courts.