Processes & Social Processes & Social Forms of Remembering & Forms of Remembering & Shaping Memories Shaping Memories Collective Collective Memory and Memory and Public Public Discourse Discourse School of School of Communication, Communication, SFU, Spring 2007 SFU, Spring 2007 Professor: Professor: Jan Marontate Jan Marontate African Drum Workshop, Healing Weekend, Black Loyalist Heritage Site, Nova Scotia, 2006
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Processes & Social Forms of Remembering & Shaping Memories Collective Memory and Public Discourse School of Communication, SFU, Spring 2007 Professor:
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Processes & Social Forms Processes & Social Forms of Remembering & Shaping of Remembering & Shaping MemoriesMemoriesCollective Memory Collective Memory and Public and Public DiscourseDiscourseSchool of School of Communication, SFU, Communication, SFU, Spring 2007Spring 2007
Professor: Professor: Jan MarontateJan Marontate
African Drum Workshop, Healing Weekend, Black Loyalist Heritage Site, Nova Scotia, 2006
Recall: Course AdministrationRecall: Course Administration Handout # 1Handout # 1: Syllabus, Grading, Schedule: Syllabus, Grading, Schedule Course WebsiteCourse Website Handout #2Handout #2: Partial List of Readings for : Partial List of Readings for
Last Day: Core concepts in Last Day: Core concepts in Studies of Collective MemoryStudies of Collective Memory
Focus onFocus on– History of scholarly work on “collective memory” History of scholarly work on “collective memory”
and origins of early interestsand origins of early interests– Terminology & related issuesTerminology & related issues– Early Interest in Collective Memory: Social Construction of Early Interest in Collective Memory: Social Construction of
Non-places, Silencing: Non-places, Silencing: Memories of Amish Memories of Amish Schoolhouse KillingsSchoolhouse Killings Site where Site where childrenchildren werewere killedkilled Destruction Destruction ofof AmishAmish SchoolhouseSchoolhouse
Innovations as Rejection of Innovations as Rejection of Memories of the Past or Memories of the Past or revivals?revivals?– Invention of new Invention of new
ceremoniesceremonies
– new “fashions” new “fashions” (today could it be (today could it be rejection of the rejection of the burka?)burka?)
Typology of Memory Claims Typology of Memory Claims (Connerton)(Connerton)
1-Personal Memory1-Personal Memory– Sources: Connections with individual’s life historySources: Connections with individual’s life history
2-Cognitive memory2-Cognitive memory– Not necessary about the past but enabled by Not necessary about the past but enabled by
something we have learned to help us decipher something we have learned to help us decipher past, present & futurepast, present & future
3-Habit Memory3-Habit Memory– Performative but not necessarily grounded in Performative but not necessarily grounded in
specifiv memoriesspecifiv memories
Discussion of Last week’s Film Discussion of Last week’s Film ScreeningScreening
Rabbit-Proof FenceRabbit-Proof Fence– Fact-based storyFact-based story
Personal Memories?Personal Memories? Collective Memories?Collective Memories?
Today: Processes & FormsToday: Processes & Forms
Historical notionsHistorical notions– memory as “positive”memory as “positive”– way of preserving way of preserving
knowledge & skillknowledge & skill ways of lifeways of life
– sense of identitysense of identity Assumptions about mnemonic tracesAssumptions about mnemonic traces
– Cognitive vs. unconscious processesCognitive vs. unconscious processes– Time Maps as ways of making connections Time Maps as ways of making connections
(Zerubavel)(Zerubavel)
““Time Maps” & the Social Time Maps” & the Social Shaping of Memory DiscoursesShaping of Memory Discourses
Questions of relevanceQuestions of relevance Long and short term (Annales School notion Long and short term (Annales School notion
of longue durof longue durée)ée) Making connectionsMaking connections Delimiting discontinuitiesDelimiting discontinuities
Example: Plotlines & Narrative Example: Plotlines & Narrative Forms Forms
Progress narrativesProgress narratives
Decline narrativesDecline narratives(examples from Zerubavel (examples from Zerubavel Time MapsTime Maps))
Historical “Phrasing” in Historical “Phrasing” in NarrativesNarratives
– Things, odours, ex. Madeleine Things, odours, ex. Madeleine (Proust, (Proust, Remembrance of things Remembrance of things pastpast, triggered by smell and taste , triggered by smell and taste of Madeleines, a style of French of Madeleines, a style of French cupcakecupcake))
Varieties of Personal MemoryVarieties of Personal Memory
What do we become aware of when we What do we become aware of when we remember and how do we do it? remember and how do we do it? (David Gross (David Gross Lost Lost TimeTime, 2000), 2000)– Semantic memory (words)Semantic memory (words)– Propositional memories (kinds of Info.)Propositional memories (kinds of Info.)– Implicit memories (ex. How to play an instrument)Implicit memories (ex. How to play an instrument)– Episodic memory (beginning & end, aura)Episodic memory (beginning & end, aura)– Other kinds Other kinds
Projects (Odysseus and faithfulness to project of returning home)Projects (Odysseus and faithfulness to project of returning home) Revisionist (confessions)Revisionist (confessions) Happy/sad episodes, feelings & emotions (ex. Proust)Happy/sad episodes, feelings & emotions (ex. Proust)
Biography & Autobiography as Biography & Autobiography as ways of creating relationshipsways of creating relationships– Discursive process that shapes Discursive process that shapes
Association/assimilationAssociation/assimilation Periods, epochs as mnemonic transformation of Periods, epochs as mnemonic transformation of
historical continuumhistorical continuum
History & Prehistory in History & Prehistory in Mnemonic TraditionsMnemonic Traditions Example: Pre-contact and Post contact history of Example: Pre-contact and Post contact history of
N. AmericanN. American
Discussion of Fieldwork: Discussion of Fieldwork: ideas ideas for term work byfor term work by–1-Viewing one of each1-Viewing one of each
a a documentary filmdocumentary film a « fact-based » fictionalized film a « fact-based » fictionalized film MMust be ust be aboutabout past events (can be very recent past) or the past events (can be very recent past) or the
history of a group, a place etc….something that history of a group, a place etc….something that involves involves sharing memoriessharing memories
–2-Doing « fieldwork ». Visiting an historic 2-Doing « fieldwork ». Visiting an historic site, reconstruction or public monument or site, reconstruction or public monument or building building that is intended to commemorate or express that is intended to commemorate or express memories of a group or eventmemories of a group or event..
Vilm Clip Screening: Vilm Clip Screening: The The Return of Martin GuerreReturn of Martin Guerre
Personal story of impersonation?Personal story of impersonation? Framing collective memories of the past?Framing collective memories of the past?