PROC TABULATE in Action Susan Sepanik New York Area SAS Users Group June 23, 2009
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PROC TABULATE in Action
Susan SepanikNew York Area SAS Users GroupJune 23, 2009
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Topics
What is PROC TABULATE?Why use PROC TABULATE?PROC TABULATE SyntaxPROC TABULATE ExampleAdditional Resources
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What is PROC TABULATE?PROC TABULATE generates customized
tables of descriptive statistics
It creates many of the same statistics as PROC MEANS and PROC FREQ
But, you can:Decide what goes in the rows and columnsDo analysis on several variables in one tableDecide how you want to classify variablesFormat it all into a ready-to-present table
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Why use PROC TABULATE?
To examine raw dataChecking counts and simple descriptive data in easy-to-read tables
To present data internallyAnswer specific analysis questions for a colleague or meeting
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Sample DataOriginal Data Set (abbreviated):
STUDID SCHOOL YEAR ATTRATE TSCORE TMISS
1 School A 2005 0.95 655 0
1 School A 2006 0.97 673 0
2 School B 2005 0.87 565 0
2 School B 2006 0.85 . 1
3 School C 2005 0.82 503 0
3 School B 2006 0.89 501 0
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Analysis Questions
1.Do we have the correct number of students per school and school year?
2.Does any school have particularly high or low test scores in a given year?
3.Does any school or school year have particularly high levels of missing test scores?
4.Are the attendance rates at each school for each year what we would expect?
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Getting Started
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PROC TABULATE Syntax
PROC TABULATE DATA = dataset;VAR analysis-variable-list;CLASS classification-variable-list;TABLE page-dimension,
row-dimension, column-dimension;
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Simple PROC TABULATEPROC TABULATE DATA = schooldata;
CLASS SCHOOL YEAR;TABLE SCHOOL, YEAR;
YEAR
2005 2006
N N
SCHOOL
3.00 3.00School A
School B 3.00 4.00
School C 4.00 3.00
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Adding a New Variable: Syntax(TSCORE)
PROC TABULATE DATA = schooldata;VAR TSCORE;CLASS SCHOOL YEAR;
TABLE SCHOOL, YEAR*N YEAR*TSCORE*MEAN;
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Adding a New Variable: Output(TSCORE)
YEAR YEAR
2005 2006
2005 2006 TSCORE TSCORE
N N Mean Mean
SCHOOL
3.00 3.00 574.00 619.00School A
School B 3.00 4.00 527.00 533.67
School C 4.00 3.00 597.33 605.67
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Adding Total: Syntax(ALL)
PROC TABULATE DATA = schooldata;VAR TSCORE;CLASS SCHOOL YEAR;TABLE SCHOOL ALL, YEAR*(N TSCORE*MEAN);
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Adding Total: Output(ALL)
YEAR
2005 2006
N TSCORE N TSCORE
Mean Mean
SCHOOL
3.00 574.00 3.00 619.00School A
School B 3.00 527.00 4.00 533.67
School C 4.00 597.33 3.00 605.67
All 10.00 571.00 10.00 582.00
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Adding New Statistics: Syntax(PCTN, NMISS)
PROC TABULATE DATA = schooldata;VAR TSCORE;CLASS SCHOOL YEAR;
TABLE SCHOOL ALL, YEAR*(N COLPCTN TSCORE*(MEAN NMISS));
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Adding New Statistics: Output(PCTN, NMISS)
YEAR
2005 2006
N ColPctN TSCORE N ColPctN TSCORE
Mean NMiss Mean NMiss
SCHOOL
3.00 30.00 574.00 0.00 3.00 30.00 619.00 1.00School A
School B 3.00 30.00 527.00 1.00 4.00 40.00 533.67 1.00
School C 4.00 40.00 597.33 1.00 3.00 30.00 605.67 0.00
All 10.00 100.00 571.00 2.00 10.00 100.00 582.00 2.00
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Changing Columns and Rows(A New Sketch)
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Changing Columns and Rows: Syntax
PROC TABULATE DATA = schooldata;VAR TSCORE;CLASS YEAR SCHOOL;
TABLE YEAR*(SCHOOL ALL),N PCTN<SCHOOL ALL> TSCORE*(MEAN NMISS);
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Changing Columns and Rows: Output
N PctN TSCOREMean NMiss
YEAR SCHOOL
3.00 30.00 574.00 0.002005 School ASchool B 3.00 30.00 527.00 1.00
School C 4.00 40.00 597.33 1.00
All 10.00 100.00 571.00 2.00
2006 SCHOOL
3.00 30.00 619.00 1.00School ASchool B 4.00 40.00 533.67 1.00
School C 3.00 30.00 605.67 0.00
All 10.00 100.00 582.00 2.00
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Adding More Variables: Syntax(TMISS ATTRATE)
PROC TABULATE DATA = schooldata;VAR TSCORE TMISS ATTRATE;CLASS SCHOOL YEAR;
TABLE YEAR*(SCHOOL ALL),N PCTN<SCHOOL ALL> TSCORE*MEAN TMISS*MEAN ATTRATE*MEAN;
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Adding More Variables: Output(TMISS ATTRATE)
N PctN TSCORE TMISS ATTRATE
Mean Mean Mean
YEAR SCHOOL
3.00 30.00 574.00 0.00 0.922005 School A
School B 3.00 30.00 527.00 0.33 0.68
School C 4.00 40.00 597.33 0.25 0.82
All 10.00 100.00 571.00 0.20 0.81
2006 SCHOOL
3.00 30.00 619.00 0.33 0.95School A
School B 4.00 40.00 533.67 0.25 0.90
School C 3.00 30.00 605.67 0.00 0.86
All 10.00 100.00 582.00 0.20 0.90
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Changing Headings: SyntaxRemoving unneeded headings:YEAR=' '
Changing headings:ATTRATE='Average Attendance Rate'
Changing or removing statistic headings:KEYLABEL N='Total Students' MEAN =' ';
Adding a table title:/BOX = 'Average Test Scores and Attendance Rates by School and Year';
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Changing Headings: SyntaxPROC TABULATE DATA = schooldata;
VAR ATTRATE TSCORE TMISS;CLASS SCHOOL YEAR;
TABLE YEAR=' '*(SCHOOL=' ' ALL='All Schools'),N PCTN<SCHOOL ALL> TSCORE='Average Test Score'*MEANTMISS='Percentage Missing Test Scores'*MEANATTRATE='Average Attendance Rate'* MEAN
/BOX = ‘Average Test Scores and Attendance Rates by School and Year';
KEYLABEL N='Total Students' PCTN='Percentage of Students' MEAN =' ';
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Changing Headings: OutputAverage Test Scores and
Attendance Rates by School and Year
Total Students
Percentage of Students
Average Test Score
Percentage of Missing
Test Scores
Average Attendance
Rate
2005 School A 3.00 30.00 574.00 0.00 0.92
School B 3.00 30.00 527.00 0.33 0.68
School C 4.00 40.00 597.33 0.25 0.82
All Schools 10.00 100.00 571.00 0.20 0.81
2006 School A 3.00 30.00 619.00 0.33 0.95
School B 4.00 40.00 533.67 0.25 0.90
School C 3.00 30.00 605.67 0.00 0.86
All Schools 10.00 100.00 582.00 0.20 0.90
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Formatting Values: SyntaxFormatting all numeric cells:
FORMAT=12.0;
Formatting specific variables:*F=12.1 *F=PERCENT12.0
Specifying amount of spaces for all row headings:RTS=25
Creating your own formats:PROC FORMAT;
PICTURE PCTPIC LOW-HIGH =' 000%';RUN;
*F=PCTPIC.
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Formatting Values: Syntax
PROC TABULATE DATA = schooldata FORMAT=12.0; VAR ATTRATE TSCORE TMISS; CLASS SCHOOL YEAR;
TABLE YEAR=' '*(SCHOOL=' ' ALL= 'All Schools'), N PCTN<SCHOOL ALL> *F=PCTPIC.TSCORE= 'Average Test Score' *F=12.1*MEAN TMISS='Percent Missing Test Scores'*MEAN*F=PERCENT12.0ATTRATE='Average Attendance Rate'*MEAN*F=PERCENT12.1
/BOX = 'Average Test Scores and Attendance Rates by School and Year' RTS=25;
KEYLABEL PCTN='Percent of Students' N='Total Students' MEAN=' ';
PROC FORMAT;PICTURE PCTPIC LOW-HIGH =' 000%';
RUN;
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Formatting Values: OutputAverage Test Scores
and Attendance Rates by School and Year
Total Students
Percent of Students
Average Test Score
Percent Missing Test
Scores
Average Attendance
Rate
2005 School A 3 30% 574.0 0% 92.3%
School B 3 30% 527.0 33% 67.7%
School C 4 40% 597.3 25% 81.5%
All Schools 10 100% 571.0 20% 80.6%
2006 School A 3 30% 619.0 33% 94.7%
School B 4 40% 533.7 25% 90.3%
School C 3 30% 605.7 0% 85.7%
All Schools 10 100% 582.0 20% 90.2%
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Creating an Excel File: Syntax
ODS HTML FILE = 'PROCTABULATE.XLS' STYLE = MINIMAL;PROC TABULATE DATA = schooldata;
VAR ATTRATE TSCORE TMISS; CLASS SCHOOL YEAR;
TABLE YEAR=' '*(SCHOOL=' ' ALL= 'All Schools'), (N PCTN<SCHOOL ALL> *F=PCTPIC.TSCORE= 'Average Test Score' *F=12.1*MEAN TMISS='Percent Missing Test Scores'*MEAN*F=PERCENT12.0
ATTRATE='Average Attendance Rate'*MEAN*F=PERCENT12.1) /BOX = 'Average Test Scores and Attendance Rates by School and Year' RTS=25; KEYLABEL PCTN='Percent of Students' N='Total Students' MEAN=' '; RUN;
ODS HTML CLOSE;
Creating an Excel File: Output
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Percent Missing Test Average AttendanceScores Rate
School A 3 30% 574 0% 92.30%School B 3 30% 527 33% 67.70%School C 4 40% 597.3 25% 81.50%
All Schools 10 100% 571 20% 80.60%School A 3 30% 619 33% 94.70%School B 4 40% 533.7 25% 90.30%School C 3 30% 605.7 0% 85.70%
All Schools 10 100% 582 20% 90.20%
Average Test Scores and Attendance Rates by School and Year
Total Students Percent of Students Average Test Score
2005
2006
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ConclusionPROC TABULATE generates customized tables of
descriptive statistics
You can format the output into ready-to-present Excel tables
The best way to create a table is:- Start simple with which variables you want in the
columns and rows- Add more statistics and variable relationships as
needed-Finish by formatting titles and values
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Additional resourcesBASE SAS 9.1.3 Procedures Guide, Volume 3
“Making Sense of PROC TABULATE (Updated for (SAS9)” by Jonas V. Bilenas, JP Morgan Chase Paper 230-2007http://www2.sas.com/proceedings/forum2007/230-2007.pdf
“Anyone Can Learn PROC TABULATE” by Lauren Haworth, Genentech, Inc. Paper 60-27www2.sas.com/proceedings/sugi27/p060-27.pdf
PROC TABULATE by Example, by Lauren E. Haworth, SAS Institute Inc., 1999.
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Thank you!
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Appendix: Entire Original Data Set
STUDID SCHOOL YEAR ATTRATE TSCORE TMISS1 School A 2005 0.95 655 01 School A 2006 0.97 673 02 School B 2005 0.87 565 0
2 School B 2006 0.85 . 13 School C 2005 0.82 503 03 School B 2006 0.89 501 04 School A 2005 0.9 524 04 School A 2006 0.91 . 15 School B 2005 0.27 489 05 School B 2006 0.95 522 0
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Appendix: Entire Original Data Set (continued):
STUDID SCHOOL YEAR ATTRATE TSCORE TMISS6 School C 2006 0.88 495 0
7 School C 2005 0.77 669 07 School C 2006 0.73 690 08 School C 2005 0.99 620 08 School C 2006 0.96 632 0
9 School C 2005 0.68 . 110 School A 2005 0.92 543 010 School A 2006 0.96 565 0
11 School B 2005 0.89 . 111 School B 2006 0.92 578 0
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