Problem solving strategies

BOARD WORK

What do you do when you are worried about a problem which doesn’t have an easy solution? Explain your answer with a problem you have had.

GROUP WORK

Build the highest tower you can with all the cards.You can’t use any other material, except for something to increase friction on the surface.Before beginnig, you have to draw and explain at least 2 designs that might work

BOARD WORKWhat is the difference between a problem and an obstacle? Think about the eventual eruption of Cotopaxi Volcano to write an example.

GROUP WORKSituation: The eruption of Cotopaxi starts while you are in Montebello. Define the problems that could appear (at least 3) and the possible solutions (at least 2 per problem)

CLASS WORKCopy the ENGINEERING DESIGN PROCESS.Infer the aspect or aspects that have been overlooked and explain it

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ftgtzFaHFGE

BOARD WORKWhy are there best solutions to difficult problems?Situation: You live in a very risky area, close to Pita River. Lahars might profusely flow along it. Which one might the best solution:a. Move to another cityb. Stay there and take all the necessary

precautionsc. Wait until the orange alert is announced

and ask for shelter in a relative’s house

BOARD WORK

Compare the ENGINEERING DESIGN PROCESS and the SCIENTIFIC METHOD.Write 3 similarities

GROUP WORKCompare the steps of the scientific method with the acronym IDEAL (problem solving). Explain some characteristics they have in common

1. Make an observation2. Ask a question3. Form a hypothesis and

make a prediction4. Do a test or

experimentation5. Analyze data and draw a

conclusion

1. I: identify problem(s) as clearly as possible

2. D: define possible goals or solutions

3. E: explore ways to reach the solutions or goals

4. A: anticipate pros/cons of solutions and choose the best. Act.

5. L: look back/ learn

BOARD WORK

Which main solution strategy could help you build a high and steady tower by using only spaghetti and marshmallows?

GROUP WORK

Situation: Build a high and steady tower with spaghetti and marshmallows. Use the acronym IDEAL before you start working.

BOARD WORK

Based on the two previous situations, write three characteristics that are necessary to have best solutions to problems.

GROUP WORKUse the IDEAL acronym to identify the problems that might appear and their solutions. Be as specific as possible.Situation: Build a tall and stable tower by using only 20 sheets of paper

1. I: identify problem(s) as clearly as possible2. D: define possible solutions and variables3. E: explore ways to reach the solutions or goals4. A: anticipate pros/cons of solutions and choose the

best. Act.5. L: look back/ learn

GROUP WORKReview the IDEAL acronym to identify the problems that might appear and their solutions. Be as specific as possible.Situation: Build a tall and stable tower by using only 20 sheets of paper



TESTSituation: Build a tall and stable tower by using only 20 sheets of paper.Remember that your grade depends on the correlationship between the IDEAL and the actual tower you will build.



BOARD WORK

Which variables can you identify, which might be causes of forest fires in Quito? (at least 3)

GROUP WORKSituation: You are forest fire experts. The mayor of Quito has hired you to develop a prevention plan so that the forest fires decrease next year. Use the fishbone diagram and the IDEAL to propose a solution.

CLASS WORK

Which are the main characteristics that make teamwork successful?

GROUP WORKSituation: Untangle HUMAN KNOTArrange group members in a circle, standing shoulder to shoulder. (5 or 7 people + a leader)Put your right hand up in the air, and then grab the hand of someone across the circle from them.Then put your left hand up in the air and grab the hand of a different person.Make sure that everyone is holding the hands of two different people and that they are not holding hands with someone directly next to them.Untangle the human knot to make a circle without breaking the chain of hands.If group members break the chain you need to start over.

GROUP WORKLIMITATIONS:- Only the leader can talk- The others can’t say anything- One member of the group is blindfolded- Time: 5 minutes to design a solution and 15

minutes to untangle the knot.

BOARD WORK

Situation: Your dad’s car doesn’t start. Identify a problem, hypothesize 3 causes and predict 3 consequences

GROUP WORK

Use the fishbone diagram to identify the causes of this problem and select the most likely ones.

CLASS WORK

Why do some consequences become causes and vicerversa? Use the previous example to explain

GROUP WORK

Use the fishbone diagram to identify the causes of a problem in Montebello’s new construction and predict the consequences.

BOARD WORK

Why can the fishbone diagram and the IDEAL be complementary strategies?

1. I: identify problem(s) as clearly as possible

2. D: define possible solutions and variables

3. E: explore ways to reach the solutions

4. A: anticipate pros/cons of solutions and choose the best. Act.

5. L: look back/ learn

GROUP WORKSituation: You are expert ecologists who have been hired to help the Charles Darwin Station. They tell you that introduced plant species are causing a great impact on the Galapagos EcosystemWatch the video and use the ideas to identify a problem. Propose a solution. (Use the fishbone diagram and the IDEAL to organize your proposal)

http://www.galapagos.org/conservation/invasive-species/

GROUP WORK

Watch the video to understand the teamwork activity called SNAKE.- Groups of at least 6 people- All the members are blindfolded except the

guide- The guide can see and give instructions, but only

nonverbal.- The challenge is to pick at least one of the

objects spread on the floor and put it in a basket- Time: 10’ to design a solution and 15’ to reach

the goal

CLASS WORK

How is the snake teamwork technique related to the problem of introduced species in Galapagos?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=93yqu-1Zb10

BOARD WORK

How can you relate the domino pieces falling with the idea of cause and effect?

GROUP WORK

Situation: You are worried about the number of condors in the Andes. Based on the prework, use the ideas from the video to identify a problem. Propose a solution. (Use the fishbone diagram and the IDEAL to organize your proposal)

CLASS WORKInspite of the actions taken to save the Andean condor as hard punishments and educational campaigns, Why do some people continue hunting them?

GROUP WORK

Write an example of a sequence of cause and effect events.Use drawings, short explanatory texts and arrows to show a cause/effect chain.

BOARD WORK

Write the possible consequences that this event might cause

Bees become extinct

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mr-oz5FxU7A

GROUP QUIZ

Problem: The Amazon region has been seriously polluted with the oil extraction. Use the ideas from the video to propose a solution. (Use the fishbone diagram and the IDEAL to organize your proposal)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z0eG5e4N9ko

BOARD WORKWrite the possible consequences that this event might cause. Make sure you show an appropriate sequence of events

Sharks become extinct

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tAzxkDQFPe0

GROUP WORKSituation: Two cars crash against a wall, one at 50 mph and the other at 100 mph. It obvious that the second car will show more destruction due to the impact.What if the two cars crash against each other?Explain your prediction considering cause and effectDraw a design of the phenomenon

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r8E5dUnLmh4

QUIZUse a word map to explain the cause and effect relationship in the example of the two cars crashing into each other at 50 mph. The variables will start your causes.Make sure there is an appropriate cause/effect sequence

GROUP WORKLand mine game (TRUST)Choose a member of the group to walk on a mined area blindfolded. The other members take turns to give instructions The group that makes less mistakes wins

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=csmyPF0gFSQ

BOARD WORKWhen you design a solution or product to solve a problem, which variable is the most important one? Explain

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A6bVCXdBuD0

HUMAN CENTERED DESIGN

GROUP WORK

Analyze these two ideas and explain the difference. Use the example of an architect who has been asked to design a house for a four-member family.

DESIGNFOR SOMEBODY

WITH SOMEBODY

DESIGN THINKING

DESIGN THINKING

BOARD WORK

Read this research problem and identify the cause-effect variables using the sequence below.How can your parents’ fights affect your grades at school?

CAUSE EFFECT

GROUP WORK

Read your problem and identify the cause-effect variables.

CAUSE EFFECT

BOARD WORKRead this situation and identify the cause-effect variables using the sequence below.Nowadays, many people depend on the Internet for almost every thing due to the varied sources of information it provides. However, most of this information is useless and has even developed some bad habits as sedentarism, ostricism and obesesity since the new generations prefer to spend more time in front of a computer instead of doing sports or having actual social interactions.

CAUSE: I.V EFFECT: D.V

GROUP WORK

Prepare a role play to explain your problem with more detail.Make sure the actions and characters give a clear example of the problem

GROUP WORK

Finish, revise and enrich the fishbone diagram with clear causes

GROUP WORK

Use the IDEAL to propose a solution to the problem you have received. You have to do it until the A because the L will be fedback with the group that provided the problem. BE AS CREATIVE AS POSSIBLE

1.I: identify problem as clearly as possible2.D: define possible solutions and products3.E: explore the solutions and choose the best one4.A: anticipate pros/cons of the chosen solution5.L: look back/ learn

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tYbA_-mAtUY

GROUP WORKShare the solution with your customers and ask them for feedback to enrich the solution and adjust it to the customers’ necessities.Each group has 2 minutes to explain the solutionThe customers have 2 minutes to give feedbackThe designers have 2 minutes to ask questions to make sure they understand what the customers needOPEN MIND AND RESPECT WILL BE TAKEN INTO ACCOUNT DURING THE INTERACTION

GROUP WORK

1. Talk about issues that bother you as teens.You are free to analyze any topicMake sure you write at least three different ideas that you feel are driving you crazyThere aren’t stupid ideas. 2. Choose the issue that you think is the most common among you (Exchange problems)3. Analyze it with the fishbone diagram to understand causes and the category it belongs to.

GROUP WORK

4. Create a solution which shows a logical sequence of events (idea)5. Gather information that can help you understand the problem and solution better6. Design a solution, but centered on the clients’ needs and behaviors.7. Redesign based on interview with customer8. Create prototype9. Evaluate prototype with customer

HOMEWORK

Use a problem tree to explain the cause and effect relationship in the example of the two cars crashing into each other at 50 mph. The variables will start your causes.Make sure there is an appropriate cause/effect sequence Watch the these 2 videos to improve your map

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r8E5dUnLmh4

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MUgFT1hRTE4

BOARD WORKOnce you have designed a product or solution for somebody, why is it necessary to share it with the customer?Use the example of a fashion designer to explain your answer

GROUP WORK

Use the IDEAL to propose a solution to the problem you have received. You have to do it until the A because the L will be feedbacked with the group that provided the problem. BE AS CREATIVE AS POSSIBLE

1.I: identify problem as clearly as possible2.D: define possible solutions and products3.E: explore the solutions and choose the best one4.A: anticipate pros/cons of the chosen solution5.L: look back/ learn

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tYbA_-mAtUY

GROUP WORK

Analyze the solution/product you have designed for your customers.Draw, draft or sketch how the prototype will look

GROUP WORK

After customers’ feedback, analyze the prototype you have designed for your customers.List all the materials and tools you will need to make the prototypeDetermine how each person of the group will collaborateDescribe briefly the steps (process) you will take to make the prototype

BOARD WORKBased on all the things you have learned about problem solving, write a short definition of CREATIVITY. Ask yourself: Is our proposal a creative solution? Why?

GROUP WORK

- Review all the material you have elaborated- Discuss for 5 minutes about the customers’

view point and evaluate it- Organize all the necessary elements before

making your product- Everyone has to work actively- Remember to use your time wisely. Wasted

time will be considered in your grade- HANDS ON WORK

BOARD WORK

How could the emotional aspect cause acceptance or rejection to an offered solution or product?

GROUP WORK- Finish the Project- Think about all the details- Rehearse the presentation- The most important criterion that will be

evaluated today is your abilitity to CONVINCE

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2-ntLGOyHw4

BOARD WORK

Which specific detail of a presenter would show you that his presentation is persuasive? Explain

GROUP WORK

- Read the rubric to adjust you presentation to the assessment criteria so that you can get the highest level of performance

- Organize the presentation and rehearse it

- Rehearsal is mandatory and will be worth 1 bonus point to your final grade

COUNT THE NUMBER OF SIGNATURES: BOARD WORKS AND GROUP WORKS FROM YOUR NOTEBOOK

1 sig.= 0.102 sig.= 0.203 sig.= 0.504 sig.= 15 sig.= 1.56 sig.= 27 sig.= 2.5

TEST

- Watch the video about El Niño Phenomenon

- Identify one of the many problems that this natural phenomenon causes

- Analyze the causes by using the fishbone diagram

- Use the IDEA to propose a solution and a product

http://www.tvecuador.com/index.php?option=com_reportajes&id=711&view=showcanal&Itemid=27

BOARD WORKWatch the documentary called American Genius: Gates vs. JobsWrite an 8 line text saying who the better problem solver is and supporting your choice with 3 specific details from the documentary.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=prstbP2cG6M

DESIGN THINKING• Designing for somebody vs. Designing with somebody• Collaboration• Roles• Problem solving• Redesign• Human centered• Design for somebody vs. Design with somebody to avoid assumptions• Choice helps us identify only the need• Client’s behaviors allows you to innovate• Create the propotype• Does this design satisfies the needs of the client• Feel, imagine, do

Condor Felipe’s deathhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z_x3UKxdUiA

Problem solving strategies

Science