RADAR & LIDAR Systems and Applications 26 November, 2015 MMEA Final Seminar Ari-Matti Harri (FMI) Juha Toivonen (TUT) Jarmo Koistinen (FMI) Heikki Turtiainen (Vaisala) Dmitri Moisseev (UH) Juha Salmivaara (Vaisala) Development of new remote sensing technologies and applications. Integration in the MMEA Platform.
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Probing the atmosphere - new radar & lidar technologies for remote sensing of atmosphere
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RADAR & LIDAR
Systems and
Applications
26 November, 2015
MMEA Final Seminar
Ari-Matti Harri (FMI)
Juha Toivonen (TUT)
Jarmo Koistinen (FMI)
Heikki Turtiainen (Vaisala)
Dmitri Moisseev (UH)
Juha Salmivaara (Vaisala)
Development of new remote sensing technologies and applications.
Integration in the MMEA Platform.
2 / 9
Eigenor
Harp Technologies
Lentokuva Oy
Space Systems Finland
Vaisala
(Aerial Oy)
Aalto University
Helsinki University
Finnish Meteorological Institute
Finnish Geodetic Institute
Partners
Trends in Remote Sensing
Lidar for wind energy
Site assessmentmeasurements
+Lowered costs
+Data from several heights
Operational wind data for turbine control
+ Longer lifespan of turbines
+ Increased output
+ Reduced turbine materialcosts
Heterodyne lidar wind speed
demo at in-door conditions
• Novel DFB laser with narrow 100 kHz linewidth was built
• High-power version with semiconductor amplifier was constructed
• Linewidth and wavelength stability the lasers have been characterized
DFB laser
structure
Cost effective lasers for lidar
J. Telkkälä, J. Viheriälä, A. Aho, P. Melanen, J. Karinen, M. Dumitrescu, and
M. Guina, Electronics Letters 47, pp. 400-401 (2011).
• Triple-PRT processing of polarimetric radar signals
developed for implementations (Eigenor, FMI, UH,
Vaisala)
• Multi-source algorithms for object-oriented meso-scale
nowcasting of thunderstorms developed (FMI, CSU)
• Operational assimilation of radar and lightning data
into the Local Analysis and Prediction System done
(FMI, Vaisala)
• New statistical method (OPT) developed for automatic
classification of radar echoes (FMI)
• Procedures for simultaneous optimal multi-radar
scanning developed (UH, Vaisala, CSU)
• Micro-physically based QPE in wet and dry snowfall
developed (UH, Vaisala, FMI)
Highlight:Triple-PRT available for weather radars
Unambiguous velocity comparisons up to 54 m/s performed
Effects of the new adaptive clutter filtering studied and validated
Utilization of multi-modal Doppler spectra information studied
Triple-PRT book ready
International application tests done and a joint tender submitted
Highlight:Automatic Classification
of Radar Observations (OPT) Manually chosen representative cases for fine-grained classes
Pattern recognition filters
New probability density model providing metric and group operators for data
analysis applying Legendre and Chebychev polynomials
Optimal subspace determination for a given classification task in 60-
dimensional data space
Bird collision demonstration
dBT O(dBT)
G(SQI) P(Birds.arctic)
Affordable innovative systems and applications
New remote sensing instrumentation and obs data
Innovative monitoring and analysis algorithms for
environmental decision-making
Establishment of cooperation
SMLEs & Ops/Res & Univs Triple Helix
Establishment of international cooperation (incl SMEs)
Scientific results documented by peer revieded
publications (~40), tens of scientific conference
presentations and 7 doctoral dissertations.
MMEA RADARS, LIDARS
& Remote Sensing
”What you cannot measure, you cannot properly understand,
manage or improve"
ADDITIONAL
SLIDES
Technical specifications
25.11.2015 24
Center Frequencies:
Ku-band: 13.96 GHz ± 25 MHz
Ka-band: 33.5 GHz ± 25 MHz
Range resolution: 80 m
Pulse length: variable from 1 µs to 60 µs
Pulse repetition time: 0.3 ms to 1 ms
Minimum operational range: 150 m
Maximum operational range: 30 km
Sensitivity: in clean air -10dBZ at 15km
Doppler velocity resolution: 10m/s
Beam width: 1 degree
Pointing accuracy: 0.2 degree
Peak Power:
Ku-band: 60 W
Ka-band: 20 W
Objectives
•Development and demonstration of high frequency radar system
•Advanced and novel characteristics:•Solid state transmitters
•Transportable
•Three high frequency bands (Ku, Ka and W)
•Platform for research and for application development•Microwave interaction with precipitation and cloud droplets
•Air traffic safety
•Aircraft wake vortices
•Now-casting for wind farms – combined use with lidars
25.11.2015 25
Ku-band roof test
25.11.2015 26
•Transmitted signal:
•Linear FM, one 50 s pulse
•Clear sky, but one condense mark from a high-
flying plane
• Oscilloscope is showing the switch control
pulse (yellow) and received calibration signal
through internal connection (blue)
Ridgeline eDAQ
Digital receiver & Arbitrary waveform generator
•Software development made by SSF
•AWG waveforms selectable:•Linear FM
•Non-Linear FM
•PSK (5, 7, 11 or 13 bits)
•Fixed Frequency-Fixed Amplitude
•Pulse length selectable
•One or two pulses
25.11.2015 27
Ku-band roof test
25.11.2015 28
•Saved data was analysed with
Eigenor software tool•Eigenor SW compatible with the data format
•received complex echoes shown: real part (blue), imaginary (red)
•Pulse lenght 50 s => first 500
range gates: transmitted pulse via
internal ”calibration” path
•eDAQ software related issues
was identified (mainly related to
switching times) => software
updating on-going
Conclusions
WP3 Task 2 (Ku/Ka/W radar) development results:
•Complete modular radar infrastructure for mobile (W-Tx/Rx missing), solid state -based multi-band radar allowing for inclusion of W-band Tx/Rx and additional bands•First field tests performed•Technology level leap in Ku/Ka/W radar field for Finnish SMEs•Establishment of international co-operation (Finnish SMEs)•Cooperation scheme established for SMEs, larger companies and scientific organizations•Applications for a mobile Ku/Ka/W -radar surveyed (scientific & operational)
•Ka-band radar development work continues, HARP is using their own resources in order to integrate the Tx/Rx module.
25.11.2015 29
WV DIAL: Comparison to
research grade Raman lidar at Kuopio
WV DIAL target applications
Target applications and motivations
Data assimilation • Improving weather forecast accuracy in general
• Prediction of convection => early warning for thunderstorm &
tornado
Verification,
calibration
• Verifying, comparing and monitoring forecast systems
Monitoring • Understanding of Earth’s water cycle and long-term climate
change
Process studies • Understanding of cloud and precipitation systems, water vapor
transport and exchange processes
Summary of WP3.3 LIDAR
•Techniques demonstrated for wind lidar: heterodyne &