National Water-Quality Assessment Program Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods Development Scientific Investigations Report 2012–5045 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey
National Water-Quality Assessment Program
Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods Development
Scientific Investigations Report 2012–5045
U.S. Department of the InteriorU.S. Geological Survey
Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods Development
By Julia E. Norman, Kathryn M. Kuivila, and Lisa H. Nowell
National Water-Quality Assessment Program
Scientific Investigations Report 2012–5045
U.S. Department of the InteriorU.S. Geological Survey
U.S. Department of the InteriorKEN SALAZAR, Secretary
U.S. Geological SurveyMarcia K. McNutt, Director
U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia: 2012
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Suggested citation:Norman, J.E., Kuivila, K.M., and Nowell, L.H., 2012, Prioritizing pesticide compounds for analytical methods development: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012–5045, 206 p.
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FOREWORD
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is committed to providing the Nation with reliable scientific information that helps to enhance and protect the overall quality of life and that facilitates effective management of water, biological, energy, and mineral resources (http://www.usgs.gov/). Information on the Nation’s water resources is critical to ensuring long-term availability of water that is safe for drinking and recreation and is suitable for industry, irrigation, and fish and wildlife. Population growth and increasing demands for water make the availability of that water, measured in terms of quantity and quality, even more essential to the long-term sustainability of our communities and ecosystems.
The USGS implemented the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program in 1991 to support national, regional, State, and local information needs and decisions related to water-quality manage-ment and policy (http://water.usgs.gov/nawqa). The NAWQA Program is designed to answer: What is the quality of our Nation’s streams and groundwater? How are conditions changing over time? How do natural features and human activities affect the quality of streams and groundwater, and where are those effects most pronounced? By combining information on water chemistry, physical characteristics, stream habitat, and aquatic life, the NAWQA Program aims to provide science-based insights for current and emerging water issues and priorities. From 1991 to 2001, the NAWQA Program completed interdisciplinary assess-ments and established a baseline understanding of water-quality conditions in 51 of the Nation’s river basins and aquifers, referred to as Study Units (http://water.usgs.gov/nawqa/studies/study_units.html ).
National and regional assessments are ongoing in the second decade (2001–2012) of the NAWQA Program as 42 of the 51 Study Units are selectively reassessed. These assessments extend the findings in the Study Units by determining water-quality status and trends at sites that have been consistently monitored for more than a decade, and filling critical gaps in characterizing the quality of surface water and ground-water. For example, increased emphasis has been placed on assessing the quality of source water and finished water associated with many of the Nation’s largest community water systems. During the second decade, NAWQA is addressing five national priority topics that build an understanding of how natural fea-tures and human activities affect water quality, and establish links between sources of contaminants, the transport of those contaminants through the hydrologic system, and the potential effects of contaminants on humans and aquatic ecosystems. Included are studies on the fate of agricultural chemicals, effects of urbanization on stream ecosystems, bioaccumulation of mercury in stream ecosystems, effects of nutrient enrichment on aquatic ecosystems, and transport of contaminants to public-supply wells. In addition, national syntheses of information on pesticides, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), nutrients, trace ele-ments, and aquatic ecology are continuing.
The USGS aims to disseminate credible, timely, and relevant science information to address practical and effective water-resource management and strategies that protect and restore water quality. We hope this NAWQA publication will provide you with insights and information to meet your needs, and will foster increased citizen awareness and involvement in the protection and restoration of our Nation’s waters.
The USGS recognizes that a national assessment by a single program cannot address all water-resource issues of interest. External coordination at all levels is critical for cost-effective management, regulation, and conservation of our Nation’s water resources. The NAWQA Program, therefore, depends on advice and information from other agencies—Federal, State, regional, interstate, Tribal, and local—as well as nongovernmental organizations, industry, academia, and other stakeholder groups. Your assistance and suggestions are greatly appreciated.
William H. WerkheiserUSGS Associate Director for Water
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Contents
Abstract ...........................................................................................................................................................1Introduction.....................................................................................................................................................2
Background............................................................................................................................................2Other Chemical Prioritization Approaches .......................................................................................2
Purpose and Scope ......................................................................................................................................4Water ....................................................................................................................................................4Sediment.................................................................................................................................................4
Methods...........................................................................................................................................................4Data Types and Sources ......................................................................................................................5
Physical-Chemical Properties ...................................................................................................5Pesticide-Use Data ......................................................................................................................5Aquatic-Life Benchmarks and Toxicity Information for Water ............................................6Sediment Benchmarks and Toxicity Information ....................................................................6Human-Health Benchmarks .......................................................................................................6
The Tiering Process ..............................................................................................................................7Water ...........................................................................................................................................7
Surface Water .....................................................................................................................8Measured Concentrations in Streams ...................................................................8Predicted Concentrations in Streams ..................................................................10Detection Frequency in Streams ...........................................................................10
Groundwater ......................................................................................................................10Measured Concentrations in Groundwater ........................................................11Predicted Concentrations in Groundwater .........................................................11Detection Frequency in Groundwater ..................................................................12
Other Factors .....................................................................................................................12Pesticide Degradates .......................................................................................................12
Sediment......................................................................................................................................12Measured Sediment Occurrence .................................................................................13Predicted Likelihood of Occurrence in Sediment .......................................................15Aquatic Toxicity .................................................................................................................15Pesticide Use and Additional Screening Criteria ........................................................15Other Factors .....................................................................................................................16Pesticide Degradates .......................................................................................................16
Results and Discussion ...............................................................................................................................16Water ..................................................................................................................................................16
Priority Pesticide Compounds for Water ...............................................................................16Basis for High Priority for Pesticide Compounds in Water .................................................34Other Important Compounds for Water–Tier 2 ......................................................................48
Sediment...............................................................................................................................................51Priority Pesticide Compounds for Sediment .........................................................................51Basis for High Priority of Pesticide Compounds in Sediment ............................................51Other Important Compounds for Sediment–Tier 2 ................................................................60
Comparison of Tier 1 Compounds for Both Water and Sediment ...............................................66
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Summary and Conclusions .........................................................................................................................70Acknowledgments ......................................................................................................................................72References Cited..........................................................................................................................................72Appendix 1. Physical-Chemical Properties Used in the Evaluation of Pesticide
Compounds for Analytical Methods Development for Water and Sediment ....................75References Cited, Appendix 1 ..........................................................................................................76
Appendix 2. Persistence Score Methodology .....................................................................................77References Cited, Appendix 2 ..........................................................................................................78
Appendix 3. Aquatic-Life and Human-Health Benchmarks Used in the Evaluation of Pesticides for Water .....................................................................................................................79
References Cited, Appendix 3 ........................................................................................................114Appendix 4. Aquatic-Life Benchmarks or Toxicity Values With Resulting Aquatic-Life
Toxicity Bins and Available Sediment Benchmarks Used in the Evaluation of Pesticides for Sediment ..............................................................................................................115
References Cited, Appendix 4 ........................................................................................................166Appendix 5. Concentration Statistics for 83 Pesticide Compounds Sampled in Agricultural
and Urban Land-Use Streams Over a 1-Year Period from the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program Monitoring Studies, 1993–2000 .......................................167
Reference Cited, Appendix 5 ..........................................................................................................172Appendix 6. Summary of the Multi-Compound Watershed Regressions for Pesticides
(WARP) Model Methodology .....................................................................................................173References Cited, Appendix 6 .........................................................................................................176
Appendix 7. Detection Frequencies in Agricultural and Urban Streams and Groundwater from the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program Monitoring Studies, 1993–2006 .......................................................................................................................177
Appendix 8. Concentration Statistics for 83 Pesticide Compounds Sampled in Agricultural, Urban, and Mixed Land-Use Groundwater Networks from the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program Monitoring Studies, 1993–2003 ..............188
Reference Cited, Appendix 8 ..........................................................................................................192Appendix 9. Summary of the Groundwater Regression for Pesticides Model Methodology ....193
Background........................................................................................................................................194Model Development .........................................................................................................................194References Cited, Appendix 9 ........................................................................................................196
Appendix 10. Summary of Occurrence of Pesticide Compounds in Bed Sediment from Agricultural, Urban, and Mixed Land-Use Streams Sampled by the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program, 1992–2001 ..................................................198
Appendix 11. Summary of Occurrence of Pesticide Compounds in Lake Core Sediment from Urban and Reference Lakes Sampled Across the United States by the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program, 1992–2001 ..................................................201
Appendix 12. Summary of Occurrence of Legacy and Current-Use Pesticide Compounds in Stream Bed and Suspended Sediment from Agricultural and Urban Streams Sampled by the Toxics Program, 2001–08 ................................................................................203
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Figures 1. National Research Council framework for evaluating chemical ranking schemes ..........3 2. Flow chart for the evaluation of pesticides and degradates in surface water and
groundwater ..................................................................................................................................9 3. Flow chart for the evaluation of pesticides and degradates in sediment .........................13 4. Chart showing breakdown of Tier 1 pesticide compounds for water by reason for
high priority ..................................................................................................................................34 5. Graphs showing detection-frequency distributions for surface-water and
groundwater pesticide datasets ..............................................................................................49 6. Chart showing distribution of Tier 1 pesticide compounds for water among
pesticide-use groups .................................................................................................................50 7. Chart showing breakdown of Tier 1 pesticide compounds for water by chemical
class ..............................................................................................................................................50 8. Chart showing breakdown of Tier 1 pesticide compounds for sediment by reason
for high priority ............................................................................................................................60 9. Chart showing distribution of Tier 1 pesticide compounds for sediment among
pesticide-use groups .................................................................................................................65 10. Chart showing breakdown of Tier 1 pesticide compounds for sediment by
chemical class ............................................................................................................................66
Tables 1. Thresholds for Aquatic-Life Toxicity Bins for pesticides in sediment .................................7 2. Description of screening pathways for sediment .................................................................14 3. Physical-chemical properties and thresholds used to predict likelihood for
occurrence in sediments ...........................................................................................................15 4. Tier 1 and selected Tier 2 pesticides and degradates in water, and reasons for tier
placement ....................................................................................................................................17 5. Benchmark quotients and detection frequencies for surface water and
groundwater for Tier 1 pesticides and degradates in water ...............................................35 6. Counts summarizing the number of compounds that meet the criteria for Tier 1 for
water .............................................................................................................................................48 7. Tier 1 pesticides and degradates in sediment with pathways for tier placement ...........52 8. Detection-frequency data for pesticide compounds in sediment from three U.S.
Geological Survey (USGS) datasets ........................................................................................61 9. Example of modifying thresholds for three prioritization criteria for sediment ...............65 10. Summary of parent pesticide compounds co-listed in Tier 1 for water and
sediment .......................................................................................................................................67
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Appendix Tables 1–1. Physical-chemical property values and sources used for prioritization of
pesticide compounds in water and sediment .......................................... excel spreadsheet 2–1. Thresholds for determining the persistence score...............................................................78 3–1. Aquatic-life and human-health benchmarks used in the evaluation of pesticides
for water .......................................................................................................................................80 4–1. Aquatic-life benchmarks or toxicity values with resulting Aquatic-Life Toxicity Bins
and available sediment benchmarks used in the evaluation of pesticides for sediment .....................................................................................................................................116
5–1. Concentration statistics for 83 pesticide compounds sampled in agricultural and urban land-use streams over a 1-year period from the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program Monitoring Studies, 1993–2000 .....................................168
6–1. Coefficients for variables in the annual mean and 95th percentile Watershed Regressions for Pesticides (WARP) models ........................................................................174
6–2. Pesticides used in estimating the adjustment factor coefficients for the adjusted atrazine Watershed Regressions for Pesticides (WARP) model ......................................175
7–1. Detection frequencies in agricultural and urban surface water and groundwater from the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program Monitoring Studies, 1993–2006 ...............................................................................................178
8–1. Concentration statistics for 83 pesticide compounds sampled in agricultural, urban, and mixed land-use groundwater networks from the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program Monitoring Studies, 1993–2003 ...........189
9–1. Statistics for Tobit regression model .....................................................................................196 10–1. Summary of occurrence of pesticide compounds in bed sediment from
agricultural, urban, and mixed land-use streams sampled by the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program, 1992–2001 ..............................................199
11–1. Summary of occurrence of pesticide compounds in lake core sediment from urban and reference lakes sampled across the United States by the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program, 1992–2001 ..............................................202
12–1. Summary of occurrence of legacy and current-use pesticide compounds in stream bed and suspended sediment from agricultural and urban streams sampled by the U.S. Geological Survey Toxics Program, 2001–08 ...................................204
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Conversion Factors
Multiply By To obtain
Length
meter (m) 3.281 foot (ft) kilometer (km) 0.6214 mile (mi)meter (m) 1.094 yard (yd)
Area
square kilometer (km2) 0.3861 square mile (mi2)Volume
liter (L) 33.82 ounce, fluid (fl. oz)liter (L) 0.2642 gallon (gal)milliliter (mL) 0.0002642 gallon (gal)
Mass
gram (g) 0.03527 ounce, avoirdupois (oz)kilogram (kg) 2.205 pound avoirdupois (lb)
Pressure
kilopascal (kPa) 0.009869 atmosphere, standard (atm)kilopascal (kPa) 0.2961 inch of mercury at 60°F (in Hg)
Temperature in degrees Celsius (°C) may be converted to degrees Fahrenheit (°F) as follows:
°F=(1.8×°C)+32
Concentrations of chemical constituents in water are given in micrograms per liter (μg/L).
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Acronyms and Abbreviations
AAPCO Association of American Pesticide Control Officials
AIC Akaike Information Criterion
AL Aquatic-life
BQ Benchmark quotient
CAS Chemical Abstract Service (American Chemical Society)
CCL Contaminant Candidate List
CCL3 Third Contaminant Candidate List (USEPA)
DEA Deethylatrazine, an atrazine degradate
DEG Degradate of Parent Pesticide (Numbers after acronym denote Tier of parent pesticide)
EC50 50-percent effective concentration
ECOSAR Ecological Structure Activity Relationships (ECOSAR) Class Program (part of EPI Suite, USEPA)
ECOTOX ECOTOXicology database (USEPA)
EPI Suite™ Estimation Programs Interface Suite (USEPA)
FIFRA Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act
GfK GfK Kynetec
GLWQA Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement
HBSL Health-based screening level (USGS)
HPV High-production volume or high-production-volume chemical
Koc Soil organic carbon-water partitioning coefficient
LC50 50-percent lethal concentration
LOC Level of Concern
log Kow Base-10 logarithm of the octanol-water partition coefficient
LT-MDL Long term-method detection level
MAC Maximum acceptable concentration (Health Canada)
MCL Maximum contaminant level (USEPA)
NAWQA National Water-Quality Assessment (USGS)
NDWAC National Drinking Water Advisory Council
NIA No information available
NRC National Research Council
NRWQC National Recommended Water-Quality Criteria, Office of Water (USEPA)
OF Other Factors
OPP Office of Pesticide Programs (USEPA)
p Probablity
PBT Persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic
PEC Probable effect concentration
PEL Probable effect level
pHBSL Provisional Health-based screening level (USGS)
POPs Persistent Organic Pollutants
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PPDB Pesticide Properties Database (University of Hertfordshire, UK)
pR2 pseudo-R 2
R2 coefficient of determination
RED Reregistration Eligibility Decision, OPP (USEPA)
SDWA Safe Drinking Water Act
SFIREG State FIFRA Issues Research and Evaluation Group
SRC Syracuse Research Corporation
SWMI Surface Water Mobility Index
TEC Threshold effect concentration
Toxics Program Toxic Substances Hydrology Program (USGS)
UCMR Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Regulation (USEPA)
U.S. United States
USEPA U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
USLE Universal Soil Loss Equation
USM Ultimate Survey Model
USGS U.S. Geological Survey
WARP Watershed Regressions for Pesticides
WMPT Waste Minimization Prioritization Tool
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AbstractThe U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has a periodic need
to re-evaluate pesticide compounds in terms of priorities for inclusion in monitoring and studies and, thus, must also assess the current analytical capabilities for pesticide detection. To meet this need, a strategy has been developed to prioritize pesticides and degradates for analytical methods development. Screening procedures were developed to separately prioritize pesticide compounds in water and sediment. The procedures evaluate pesticide compounds in existing USGS analytical methods for water and sediment and compounds for which recent agricultural-use information was available. Measured occurrence (detection frequency and concentrations) in water and sediment, predicted concentrations in water and predicted likelihood of occurrence in sediment, potential toxicity to aquatic life or humans, and priorities of other agencies or organizations, regulatory or otherwise, were considered.
Several existing strategies for prioritizing chemicals for various purposes were reviewed, including those that identify and prioritize persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic compounds, and those that determine candidates for future regulation of drinking-water contaminants. The systematic procedures developed and used in this study rely on concepts common to many previously established strategies. The evalu-ation of pesticide compounds resulted in the classification of compounds into three groups: Tier 1 for high priority com-pounds, Tier 2 for moderate priority compounds, and Tier 3 for low priority compounds.
For water, a total of 247 pesticide compounds were classified as Tier 1 and, thus, are high priority for inclusion in analytical methods for monitoring and studies. Of these, about three-quarters are included in some USGS analytical method; however, many of these compounds are included on research methods that are expensive and for which there are few data on environmental samples. The remaining quarter of Tier 1
compounds are high priority as new analytes. The objective for analytical methods development is to design an integrated analytical strategy that includes as many of the Tier 1 pesti-cide compounds as possible in a relatively few, cost-effective methods.
More than 60 percent of the Tier 1 compounds are high priority because they are anticipated to be present at concen-trations approaching levels that could be of concern to human health or aquatic life in surface water or groundwater. An additional 17 percent of Tier 1 compounds were frequently detected in monitoring studies, but either were not measured at levels potentially relevant to humans or aquatic organisms, or do not have benchmarks available with which to compare con-centrations. The remaining 21 percent are pesticide degradates that were included because their parent pesticides were in Tier 1. Tier 1 pesticide compounds for water span all major pesti-cide use groups and a diverse range of chemical classes, with herbicides and their degradates composing half of compounds. Many of the high priority pesticide compounds also are in several national regulatory programs for water, including those that are regulated in drinking water by the U.S. Environmen-tal Protection Agency under the Safe Drinking Water Act and those that are on the latest Contaminant Candidate List.
For sediment, a total of 175 pesticide compounds were classified as Tier 1 and, thus, are high priority for inclusion in analytical methods available for monitoring and studies. More than 60 percent of these compounds are included in some USGS analytical method; however, some are spread across several research methods that are expensive to perform, and monitoring data are not extensive for many compounds. The remaining Tier 1 compounds for sediment are high priority as new analytes. The objective for analytical methods develop-ment for sediment is to enhance an existing analytical method that currently includes nearly half of the pesticide compounds in Tier 1 by adding as many additional Tier 1 compounds as are analytically compatible.
Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods Development
By Julia E. Norman, Kathryn M. Kuivila, and Lisa H. Nowell
2 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods Development
About 35 percent of the Tier 1 compounds for sedi-ment are high priority on the basis of measured occurrence. A total of 74 compounds, or 42 percent, are high priority on the basis of predicted likelihood of occurrence according to physical-chemical properties, and either have potential toxicity to aquatic life, high pesticide useage, or both. The remain-ing 22 percent of Tier 1 pesticide compounds were either degradates of Tier 1 parent compounds or included for other reasons. As with water, the Tier 1 pesticide compounds for sediment are distributed across the major pesticide-use groups; insecticides and their degradates are the largest fraction, mak-ing up 45 percent of Tier 1. In contrast to water, organochlo-rines, at 17 percent, are the largest chemical class for Tier 1 in sediment, which is to be expected because there is continued widespread detection in sediments of persistent organochlorine pesticides and their degradates at concentrations high enough for potential effects on aquatic life. Compared to water, there are fewer available benchmarks with which to compare con-taminant concentrations in sediment, but a total of 19 Tier 1 compounds have at least one sediment benchmark or screening value for aquatic organisms. Of the 175 compounds in Tier 1, 77 percent have high aquatic-life toxicity, as defined for this process.
This evaluation of pesticides and degradates resulted in two lists of compounds that are priorities for USGS analyti-cal methods development, one for water and one for sedi-ment. These lists will be used as the basis for redesigning and enhancing USGS analytical capabilities for pesticides in order to capture as many high-priority pesticide compounds as possible using an economically feasible approach.
IntroductionTo ensure that the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS),
and specifically, the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program is prepared to address future pesti-cide monitoring needs, a strategy for prioritizing pesticide compounds for analytical methods development is needed that considers a very broad range of pesticides that can be important in either streams or groundwater. When character-izing pesticides in streams, the more water-soluble pesticide compounds are most readily determined by sampling the water column, whereas the more hydrophobic pesticide compounds are more likely to be detected in sediment. Some persistent, hydrophobic pesticide compounds that tend to accumulate in sediment also can bioaccumulate in the tissues of fish and other aquatic organisms, though prioritization for fish tissue methods was not included in the scope of this report.
The prioritization strategy described in this report includes screening procedures for water and sediment, with the goal of identifying the highest priority compounds to include in future analytical methods. The “universe” of more than 600 compounds considered includes 447 pesticide com-pounds for which agricultural pesticide use information was
available, selected degradates, and other pesticide compounds currently on USGS analytical methods for pesticides in water and sediment. Pesticide degradates included primarily those that have been analyzed by USGS methods and do not represent all possible degradates of the agricultural pesticides evaluated. Criteria incorporated into the prioritization strategy include measured detection frequency and concentration in streams, groundwater, and sediment; predicted concentrations in streams and groundwater; agricultural and non-agricultural pesticide use estimates; physical-chemical properties; aquatic-life benchmarks and toxicity data; human-health benchmarks; and priorities of other agencies or organizations.
Background
Past assessments of pesticides by NAWQA have pro-vided comprehensive national- and regional-scale analyses of pesticide occurrence and concentrations in streams and groundwater. Previous approaches for prioritizing pesticide compounds for analytical methods development for NAWQA Program studies have focused on selected pesticides, and their degradates, with high agricultural or urban uses (Gilliom and others, 2001). Pesticide use is constantly changing, however, with new pesticides being registered and introduced into use, while other pesticides are restricted or banned from use. When pesticides are applied in the environment, there are concerns for toxicity to non-target organisms, including aquatic life and humans. It is important to monitor and assess compounds that could occur at concentrations of potential concern to aquatic organisms, humans, or both, particularly those that are most likely to occur and persist in the environment. In addition to parent pesticide compounds, pesticide degradation products also need to be considered because these compounds can persist in the environment and also can be toxic to non-target organisms.
Other Chemical Prioritization Approaches
Chemical prioritization or ranking systems provide a means to synthesize information about the relative exposures, hazards, and risks posed by chemicals to assist in the alloca-tion of monitoring or other resources. Ranking and scoring systems have been developed for many purposes, includ-ing regulatory action, priority setting, and impact evalua-tions (Davis and others, 1994). When the National Research Council reviewed 10 existing chemical prioritization schemes, they characterized them using a common framework shown in figure 1 (National Research Council, 1999). “Selection of Contaminant Pool” refers to the universe of chemicals con-sidered in each of the prioritization schemes; “Determination of Exposure” refers to the factors, such as occurrence in the environment, considered in evaluating the potential exposure to a contaminant; and “Determination of Toxicity” refers to the factors considered in evaluating the potential health effects of a contaminant. Finally, “Prioritization Scheme” refers to
Introduction 3
the algorithm by which exposure and toxicity are combined to provide a metric for ranking or prioritizing contaminants.
Prioritization efforts undertaken in the United States and internationally have included those that focus on persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic (PBT) chemicals, contaminants for potential regulation in drinking water, high production-volume chemicals, and emerging contaminants. PBT programs include the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (USEPA’s) PBT Chemical Program, which has relied upon tools to prioritize chemicals, such as the PBT Profiler, an online risk-screening tool that predicts a chemical’s potential to persist, bioaccu-mulate, and be toxic to humans or aquatic organisms (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010b), and the Waste Minimization Prioritization Tool (WMPT), a tool developed to prioritize chemicals on the basis of persistence, bioaccumula-tion potential, toxicity, and quantity (U.S. Environmental Pro-tection Agency, 2000a). Other PBT prioritization efforts were conducted by the 2001 Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs, http://chm.pops.int/default.aspx); the Canadian government, as part of its Chemicals Manage-ment Plan “Challenge” program for high-priority chemical substances (http://www.chemicalsubstanceschimiques.gc.ca/challenge-defi/index-eng.php); and the state of Oregon, which recently created a prioritized list of persistent pollutants to guide the state’s pollution prevention efforts (Oregon Depart-ment of Environmental Quality, 2009). One recently published prioritization effort identified new persistent and bioaccumula-tive organic chemicals that are not included in current moni-toring programs but are present in the environment (Howard and Muir, 2010), and other studies have prioritized emerging or trace environmental contaminants in freshwater, including potential endocrine-disrupting chemicals (Kumar and Xagoraraki, 2010; Murray and others, 2010).
USEPA’s Contaminant Candidate List (CCL) program prioritizes chemicals for regulation in drinking water by using a detailed classification approach developed through recom-mendations from the National Research Council (NRC) of the National Academy of Science (National Research Coun-cil, 2001) and the National Drinking Water Advisory Coun-cil (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2009b). Every 5 years the USEPA is required to publish a list of unregulated contaminants that are known or anticipated to occur in public water systems and which may require future regulations under the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA). USEPA is required to develop the CCL by using specific data sources and criteria and must consider health effects and occurrence information to identify contaminants of greatest concern to public health from exposure to drinking water. The most recent list is the Third Contaminant Candidate List (CCL3), which was finalized in August 2009 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2009b).
None of these approaches completely meet USGS needs for prioritizing pesticide compounds. Many of the approaches rely on separate scoring techniques for exposure and toxicity components and then apply algorithms to combine compo-nent scores into an overall score for a chemical. The USGS prioritization strategy for pesticide compounds described herein follows the general framework illustrated in figure 1 to meet the goals of creating systematic procedures for water and sediment that are objective, semi-quantitative (to the extent possible), and absolute (not relative rankings). For example, the availability of modeling tools for water made it possible to combine potential exposure and toxicity components to express predicted environmental pesticide concentrations, or predicted exposure, relative to toxicity as a fraction of potentially toxic levels.
sac11-0422_fig 01
Selection of contaminant pool
Determination of toxicity
Determination of exposure
Prioritization Scheme
Figure 1. National Research Council framework for evaluating chemical ranking schemes (National Research Council, 1999).
4 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods Development
Purpose and Scope This report describes the process of prioritizing pesticide
compounds for methods development to identify those com-pounds that are most likely to occur frequently or be present at concentrations potentially harmful to humans or aquatic organisms in the environmental matrix of interest: water or sediment. Separate screening procedures were developed to prioritize pesticide compounds for water and sediment because of differing availability of data. In both media, compounds were prioritized into three levels of relative importance, and the highest priority group of compounds for water and sedi-ment are the main focus for analytical methods development and inclusion in future monitoring programs.
The more than 600 pesticide compounds screened include pesticides for which recent agricultural pesticide-use data were available, selected degradates, and other pesticide compounds currently included in USGS analytical methods for pesticides in water and sediment. The prioritization strategy reflected the fact that pesticide studies may have a number of different goals. Pesticide compounds that are known, or anticipated, to occur frequently in the environment, regardless of their concentrations, can, for example, be important to monitor for trends or studies of fate and transport. Additionally, pesticide compounds can be important to consider for potential effects on human health or aquatic life if they have been measured, or are anticipated to occur, at concentrations approaching relevant threshold concentrations for organisms with potential exposure. Because this was a screening process, thresholds for occurrence and concentrations, and decisions for pri-oritizing pesticide compounds into tiers, were intentionally conservative.
Water
The goal of the prioritization for water was to identify pesticides and degradates that are likely to occur widely in streams or groundwater, or that are anticipated to occur at concentrations potentially relevant to the health of humans, in streams and groundwater, or aquatic organisms in streams. The 619 pesticides and degradates screened for water were evaluated by considering (1) measured pesticide concentration and detection-frequency data from NAWQA Program studies of streams and groundwater; (2) predicted pesticide concentra-tions in streams and groundwater, which incorporated pesti-cide-use estimates and physical-chemical properties; and (3) potential toxicity to humans and aquatic organisms. Pesticide compounds were further evaluated for their regu-latory and non-regulatory importance to other agencies or organizations.
Pesticide compounds analyzed in previous NAWQA studies were evaluated in terms of both detection frequency and measured concentrations. Modeling procedures were used to predict concentration statistics for current-use pesticides, and selected degradates, for which recent agricultural-use
estimates were available. Pesticide compounds with data from previous NAWQA studies that also have current agricultural-use data were evaluated for both measured and predicted occurrence. Pesticide concentrations, either predicted or mea-sured, were placed in the context of toxicity to humans and aquatic life by using benchmarks and toxicity information.
Sediment
The goal of the prioritization for sediment was to identify pesticides and degradates that frequently occur, or are likely to occur in sediment, and that could be toxic to aquatic organ-isms. The universe of pesticide compounds in sediment started with the list of 619 compounds from the screening for water, which was completed first. Pesticides and degradates included in USGS analytical methods, both approved and research, for sediment that are not included in any water methods were added to the list. The list was further refined to exclude con-stituents such as mixtures, microbial pesticides, and inorganic compounds, which resulted in a list of 611 pesticides and degradates to be screened for sediment.
The screening for sediment considered (1) measured occurrence in stream bed, suspended, and lake sediments from prior USGS studies; (2) predicted likelihood of occurrence in sediment on the basis of physical-chemical properties; (3) potential toxicity to aquatic organisms; and (4) pesticide-use levels. As with water, pesticide compounds also were evaluated according to the priorities of other agencies or organizations.
Pesticide compounds analyzed in previous USGS studies were evaluated for their detection frequency. For pesticide compounds without occurrence data, physical-chemical prop-erty data were examined to determine the likelihood of the compound occurring in sediments. When possible, measured pesticide concentrations were evaluated relative to toxicity to aquatic organisms by comparing concentrations to screening values for sediment. Aquatic toxicity also was incorporated into the sediment prioritization by classifying pesticides that occur, or are likely to occur, in sediment according to their relative degrees of toxicity to identify the most toxic compounds.
MethodsThe prioritization strategy incorporated the same general
data elements in the screening procedures for water and sedi-ment. This section first describes the common data elements used and then separately describes the tiering processes for water and sediment. Specifics about measured occurrence data for water and sediment, details about models used to estimate predicted concentrations in water, and agency and organization priorities considered are given under the water and sediment tiering process subsections.
Methods 5
Data Types and Sources
Several types and sources of data were used to prioritize pesticide compounds for water and sediment. The following subsections discuss physical-chemical properties, pesticide use information, aquatic-life benchmarks and toxicity infor-mation, sediment benchmarks and toxicity information, and human-health benchmarks.
Physical-Chemical PropertiesPhysical-chemical property data for pesticides were com-
piled from several sources, including the Pesticide Properties DataBase (2009) from the UK FOOTPRINT project (PPDB), a literature compilation of property data from primary sources conducted by the NAWQA Pesticide National Synthesis group (various sources cited in tables), and experimental and estimated values from USEPA’s Estimation Programs Interface (EPI) Suite™ software program (U.S. Environmental Protec-tion Agency, 2009a). Three properties were used to predict pesticide concentrations in streams by using the multi- compound Watershed Regressions for Pesticides (WARP) model: vapor pressure, the organic carbon-water partition-ing coefficient (Koc), and aerobic soil degradation half-life (+). When property data were available from more than one source, a priority of existing sources was used to select the value for each property in order to obtain the greatest consis-tency in the type of value selected and to rely on values com-piled from the literature. The priority of sources for selected property values were as follows:
• Vapor pressure—(1) PPDB or (2) EPI Suite™ experi-mental or estimated value.
• Koc—(1) literature value, (2) PPDB, or (3) EPI Suite™ experimental or estimated value.
• Soil half-life—(1) PPDB “typical” (the “typical values” are those given in the general literature and are often a mean of all studies, field and laboratory), field study, or lab study, or (2) field or lab study value compiled from literature.
Selected properties also were used to determine the predicted likelihood of occurrence of pesticide compounds in sediment: aerobic soil degradation half-life, to indicate per-sistence; octanol-water partitioning coefficient (Kow) or water solubility, to indicate hydrophobicity; and Koc, to indicate soil sorption (appendix 1). As with water, with the exception of soil half-life, when property data were available from more than one source, a priority of available sources was used to select the value for each property. The priority of sources for selected Kow values was (1) PPDB, (2) literature value, or (3) EPI Suite™ experimental or estimated value. The priority of sources for selected water solubility values was (1) literature
value at 25 degrees Celsius (°C), (2) EPI Suite™ experimental or estimated value at 25°C, or (3) PPDB value at 20 or 25°C. Water solubility values from the PPDB were given lowest priority because most are given at 20°C, compared to the stan-dard 25°C used in most other sources. The priority of sources for Koc values selected was the same as for water. A conserva-tive decision was made to choose the maximum, or longest, of the available soil degradation half-life values, using the same sources as those listed for water, because a compound’s per-sistence was the primary factor in predicting the likelihood of occurrence in sediments. For a limited number of compounds for which measured soil half-life values were not available as a measure of persistence in sediment, but for which other properties that were required to determine predicted likelihood of occurrence in sediment, estimates of persistence were relied upon. These estimates also are listed in appendix 1 and were of two types: (1) a “Persistence score” (see appendix 2 for the scoring methodology), determined from output of the BIO-WIN model, a component of EPI Suite™ (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2009a), and (2) estimated soil half-life from the PBT Profiler, a property estimation screening tool developed to screen chemicals lacking experimental data, to identify chemicals that potentially persist, bioaccumulate, and are toxic to aquatic life (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010b).
Pesticide-Use DataEstimates of agricultural pesticide use for 2007 were
obtained from unpublished proprietary data from GfK Kynetec (GfK), for 331 pesticides (GfK Kynetec, 2007). The data from GfK include pesticide-use estimates for active ingredients col-lected through annual surveys of more than 80 crops, includ-ing major field crops, some fruit and specialty crops, and other agricultural land use, such as pasture and rangeland. Annual crop surveys are based on a statistical sample of commercial farm operations distributed throughout crop reporting districts (Thelin and Stone, 2010). Of the 447 pesticide compounds in the database of use estimates for the years 1992 to 2007, 331 compounds had agricultural use for the most recent year, 2007. These data were used in the screening procedure for water in models used to estimate pesticide concentrations in streams and groundwater. Estimates of non-agricultural pesticide-use ranges were based on information collected dur-ing 2000–07 obtained from the USEPA (Gail P. Thelin, U.S. Geological Survey, written commun., 2009); these estimates, along with 2007 agricultural pesticide-use estimates, were used qualitatively in the screening procedure to prioritize pesticide compounds in sediment. Agricultural pesticide-use trends—increasing or decreasing—from the most recent 5 years of unpublished proprietary data, 2003–07, from GfK Kynetec also were considered.
6 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods Development
Aquatic-Life Benchmarks and Toxicity Information for Water
Aquatic-life benchmarks for water used in this prioriti-zation effort included USEPA Office of Pesticide Programs’ (OPP) aquatic-life benchmarks for freshwater (U.S. Envi-ronmental Protection Agency, 2009d); USGS aquatic-life benchmarks, developed using the same methods used to develop OPP benchmarks as well as aquatic-life toxicity data compiled from OPP Reregistration Eligibility Decision (RED) and ecological risk assessment documents for indi-vidual compounds, which are available at http://www.epa.gov/oppsrrd1/reregistration/status.htm (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010c); and USEPA Office of Water’s National Recommended Water-Quality Criteria (NRWQC) for the protection of aquatic life (U.S. Environmental Protec-tion Agency, 2002). Benchmark values were selected in the previously listed order of priority among sources. For a given compound, if multiple benchmarks were available for different taxonomic groups or for acute or chronic exposures, then the lowest (most conservative) value was selected.
For compounds that lacked benchmarks, aquatic-life tox-icity data were compiled. Data sources for these toxicity data, selected in the following order of priority, included USEPA OPP RED or ecological risk assessment documents (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010c), USEPA’s ECO-TOXicology Database System (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010a), USEPA OPP Pesticide Ecotoxicity Database (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2009e). Toxicity values from standard test species, endpoints, and test durations were used. In the absence of measured toxicity data, predicted toxicity values from USEPA’s Ecological Structure Activ-ity Relationships (ECOSAR) estimation program, part of the EPI Suite™ software (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2009a), were used. A level of concern (LOC) factor of 0.5 was applied to acute fish and invertebrate toxicity values to make them comparable to acute aquatic-life benchmarks consistent with USEPA OPP’s methodology (U.S. Environmental Protec-tion Agency, 2009d). The minimum, or most conservative, toxicity value (with the LOC applied to acute values) from the chosen source was selected for each compound. Henceforth in this report, the aquatic-life benchmarks or toxicity values selected for each pesticide compound and used in the prioriti-zation for water will be collectively referred to as “aquatic-life benchmarks”; these values are tabulated in appendix 3.
Sediment Benchmarks and Toxicity InformationSeveral types of sediment benchmarks for benthic organ-
isms were compiled for comparison with measured pesticide concentrations in sediment, including USEPA equilibrium- partitioning sediment guidelines (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2004), Canadian interim sediment-quality guidelines (Canadian Council of Ministers of the
Environment, 2002), sediment-quality screening values from Lopes and Furlong (2001), and consensus-based sediment-quality guidelines from MacDonald and others (2000). Some of these benchmarks—especially those from Canada and MacDonald and others (2000)—consist of a pair of screening values for each compound, with the upper screening value designating concentrations above which effects are likely or frequently observed, and the lower screening value indicating concentrations below which effects are rare or not expected.
For pesticides without sediment benchmarks for benthic organisms, aquatic-toxicity information for pesticides in water, compiled as described in the previous section, was used to categorize pesticide compounds by their potential toxicity to sediment-dwelling organisms. Aquatic toxicity from sediment exposures is predicted to occur at the same concentration in the pore water of the sediment as it would in water-only exposures, with the pore-water concentration, at equilibrium, assumed to be a function of the organic carbon content of the sediment (Di Toro and others, 1991). Therefore, in the present report, the relative toxicity of pesticides in water was used as an indicator of their relative toxicity in sediment—the influ-ence of sediment-organic carbon, which is a characteristic of the sediment, not the pesticide, need not be considered because it is a site-specific concern. Briefly, aquatic-life benchmarks were used to derive Aquatic-Life (AL) Toxicity Bins as sum-marized in table 1. Pesticide compounds with benchmarks that met the acute or chronic threshold concentrations for a given AL Toxicity Bin were classified in that bin. With respect to sediment tier assignments, which is described later, pesticide compounds in AL Toxicity Bins 1 and 2 were considered to have “high” aquatic toxicity, and compounds in AL Toxicity Bin 3, or with no information available (NIA), were con-sidered to have “low” aquatic toxicity. A table of (1) the AL Toxicity Bins with the underlying aquatic-life benchmarks and (2) the available sediment benchmarks, used in the evaluation of pesticides for sediment, is provided in appendix 4.
Human-Health BenchmarksHuman-health benchmarks used in the prioritization strat-
egy include USEPA Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs) for drinking water (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2009c); Health-Based Screening Levels (HBSLs) from USGS (Toccalino and others, 2008) or provisional HBSLs (pHBSLs), which were calculated for additional compounds that have yet to have an HBSL determined, using the HBSL methodology (Toccalino, 2007); or Maximum Acceptable Concentrations (MACs) from Canada (Health Canada, 2008). Henceforth in this report, the benchmarks described above will be collec-tively referred to as human-health benchmarks. Concentra-tions of pesticide compounds that are regulated by USEPA in drinking water under the SDWA were compared to MCLs, and concentrations of unregulated contaminants were compared
Methods 7
to HBSLs (or pHBSLs), when available, or MACs for a few compounds. MCLs are legally enforceable USEPA drinking-water standards (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2009c). HBSLs are non-enforceable benchmark concentrations of contaminants in water that were developed by the USGS in collaboration with the USEPA and others (Toccalino, 2007).
The Tiering Process
This section describes the separate screening proce-dures that were developed to prioritize pesticide compounds for analytical methods development for water and sediment. Compounds were prioritized into three tiers for each medium (water and sediment). Tier 1 includes compounds that are high priority for analytical methods development for future water-quality monitoring and studies because they are known or anticipated to widely occur in the environment, or they can occur at concentrations relevant to the health of humans or aquatic organisms; Tier 2 includes compounds that do not meet the criteria for the highest priority group but that are of moderate priority because of their regulatory status, potential for occurrence, toxicity, or importance to other agencies or
organizations; and Tier 3 includes compounds that do not meet the criteria for Tiers 1 or 2 and are currently low priority for analytical methods development efforts.
Pesticide compounds can be categorized as Tier 1, the highest priority, on the basis of measured or predicted occur-rence, or potential for toxicity to aquatic life or humans. Prioritization criteria that were common to both water and sediment procedures include measured detection frequency of greater than 10 percent in USGS monitoring studies, inclusion of pesticide degradates in the same tier as parent pesticides, and evaluation of importance to other agencies or organiza-tions. In addition, pesticide-use information and physical-chemical properties were used in both prioritization proce-dures, although in different manners. As an occurrence-based approach to prioritization, USGS, and primarily NAWQA, datasets were selected for this process because these data adhere to a consistent national design. Extending beyond these data sources into studies with designs that are not consistent with them, as well understood, or that use targeted approaches, was beyond the scope of this approach; however, expanding to outside data sources could be helpful for future work. Further, pesticide compounds with recent agricultural-use data that are not included in USGS analytical methods, as well as com-pounds that are, were evaluated by prediction means, which expanded the occurrence-based evaluation of pesticide com-pounds beyond those determined by USGS analytical meth-ods. The specific procedures and uses of data are described for each medium in the following “Water” and “Sediment” sections.
WaterThe screening procedure for pesticide compounds in
water incorporates measured or predicted pesticide concentra-tions, or both, in surface water and groundwater, historical detection-frequency data, and potential toxicity to aquatic organisms and humans. Screening procedures for pesticide compounds in water were carried out in parallel for surface water and groundwater.
Measured and predicted pesticide-concentration statistics were compared to applicable aquatic-life, or human-health benchmarks, or both when available. Benchmark quotients (BQs) were calculated by dividing the concentration statistic by the benchmark value and used to indicate the degree of potential concern for aquatic life and human health. A thresh-old value of BQ greater than 0.01 for either aquatic life or human health, resulting from either measured or predicted concentrations, was selected as a conservative measure to categorize pesticide compounds as high priority—and thus, in Tier 1. A BQ greater than 0.01 indicates that a contaminant concentration is greater than one-hundredth of the benchmark value. This threshold is more conservative than thresholds often used in analyses of water-quality data. For example, for individual contaminants, concentrations greater than one-tenth of a human-health benchmark commonly are used to identify contaminants that could warrant additional monitoring, to
Table 1. Thresholds for Aquatic-Life Toxicity Bins for pesticides in sediment.
[Abbreviations: AL, aquatic-life; NIA, no information available; µg/L, microgram per liter; <, less than; >, greater than; –, none]
AL Toxicity Bin
Benchmark type
Benchmark threshold
concentration (µg/L) 1
1 Acute 2 <50 Chronic <10
2 Acute 2 50 to 50,000 Chronic 10 to 10,000
3 Acute 2 >50,000Chronic >10,000
NIA – – 1 The acute and chronic toxicity thresholds are consistent with the
ecotoxicity categories from the Pesticide Properties Database (2009). The acute toxicity thresholds also are consistent with USEPA Environmental Fate and Effects Division’s ecotoxicity categories (http://www.epa.gov/oppefed1/ecorisk_ders/toera_analysis_eco.htm) with the highly, moderately, and slightly toxic categories collapsed into a range of concentrations corresponding to AL Toxicity Bin 2.
2 AL Toxicity Bin thresholds for acute aquatic-life benchmarks account for the level of concern (LOC) of 0.5 that was applied to acute toxicity values for pesticides to determine benchmark values, consistent with U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Pesticide Programs methodology (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2009e). Acute thresholds would be two-times greater (and ten-times greater than chronic thresholds corresponding to the same AL Toxicity Bin) if raw acute toxicity values (LC50 or EC50 values without an LOC applied) were used to determine AL Toxicity Bins. The acute thresholds for other (non-pesticide) contaminant groups evaluated for analytical methods development priorities were <100, 100 to 100,000, and >100,000 μg/L for AL Toxicity Bins 1, 2, and 3, respectively (Lisa D. Olsen, U.S. Geological Survey, written commun., 2010).
8 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods Development
analyze trends in their occurrence, and to provide an early indication of contaminant concentrations that approach their benchmarks (Toccalino and others, 2006; Toccalino, 2007). The 0.01 BQ threshold was chosen to be more inclusive for identifying compounds for methods development priorities.
There are limitations to the approach of using observed or predicted occurrence for pesticide compounds for which one particular form is measured or predicted, but multiple applica-tion forms can exist. An example of this is the chlorophenoxy acid herbicides, which also can be applied as salts or esters and, therefore, have different forms of the pesticide active ingredient introduced to the environment. In these cases, the specific pesticide compound used in the prioritization was determined according to the compound for which data were available. Analytical methods can underestimate the total pesticide concentration when, for example, a particular ester form of a pesticide is measured (for example, sulfometuron-methyl). Further, use data for current agricultural-use pesti-cides usually list only one form of these compounds but use estimates can include multiple forms. As such, predicted con-centrations can provide better estimates of the total concentra-tions for pesticide compounds such as these. Because pesti-cide compounds with USGS occurrence data that are current agricultural-use pesticides also were evaluated by predicted concentrations, this limitation is reduced. Benchmarks, when available, were matched to the specific form of the measured or predicted compound.
Detection frequencies of pesticide compounds in surface water and groundwater from NAWQA water-quality monitor-ing studies also were evaluated. A detection frequency thresh-old of 10 percent was used to identify “frequently detected” compounds, which were placed in Tier 1. This detection frequency often is selected as a threshold for frequently- occurring compounds in water-quality studies and was consis-tent with the threshold used to screen occurrence data for other contaminant groups under evaluation for analytical-methods development priorities (Lisa D. Olsen, U.S. Geological Survey, written commun., 2010).
The screening of measured occurrence data, in addition to predicted pesticide concentrations, to determine priority compounds allows inclusion of pesticides no longer registered for use and balances the need to track trends in historically prevalent compounds with the need to include newer
current-use pesticide compounds that are potentially important but have yet to be characterized.
Surface WaterThe evaluation of pesticide compounds in surface water
was based on measured and predicted concentrations in streams and detection frequency in streams, and is illustrated in figure 2. Derivation of measured and predicted pesticide-concentration statistics is described below. These concentra-tion statistics were divided by aquatic-life or human-health benchmarks, when available, to calculate BQs. The 95th-percentile concentration statistic was chosen for comparison to aquatic-life benchmarks because this concentration represents the concentration likely to be exceeded for about 2.5 weeks per year and is appropriate for comparison to chronic bench-marks; the benchmarks selected for comparison were the lowest value for a given compound and are protective of the most sensitive species for short or long-term exposures. The annual mean concentration statistic was chosen for com-parison to human-health benchmarks used in this evaluation because benchmarks are based on long-term, lifetime expo-sure. Measured pesticide detection frequency in streams also was evaluated.
Measured Concentrations in Streams
Concentration data for 83 pesticide compounds sampled in up to 113 stream sites in previous NAWQA water-quality monitoring studies were evaluated; these data are summa-rized in appendix 5. Pesticide-concentration statistics for agricultural and urban land-use streams that were sampled 8 to 50 times over a 1-year period between 1993 and 2000 were compared to aquatic-life and human-health benchmarks, when available. For a given compound, the maximum of the time-weighted 95th-percentile concentrations among stream sites was compared to the aquatic-life benchmark, and the maximum of the time-weighted annual mean concentrations was compared to the human-health benchmark. The resulting BQ values were used to identify compounds that historically have been detected in streams at concentrations approaching threshold concentrations potentially relevant to aquatic life or human health.
Methods 9
sac11-0422_fig 02
Measured1 or predicted2 AL or HH BQ greater than 0.01 in streams or
groundwater (HH only)?
Measured DF3 greater than 10 percent in
streams or groundwater?
Other agency or organization priority?
Degradate of a Tier 1 compound?
Degradate of a Tier 1 or Tier 2 compound?
To Tier 1 or 2, as appropriate
Yes
NoYes
No
NoYes NoYes
YesTier 1
Tier 2
No
Tier 3
1BQs for measured concentrations in streams are the maximum of the 95th percentile concentrations among stream sites divided by the AL benchmark, and the maximum of the annual mean concentrations divided by the HH benchmark. BQ for measured concentrations in groundwater are the 99th percentile concentration of wells divided by the HH benchmark. Measured concentration statistics are for agricultural and urban land-use streams and agricultural, urban, and mixed land-use wells.
2BQs for predicted concentrations in streams are the maximum of the 95th percentile concentrations among stream reaches divided by the AL benchmark, and the maximum of the annual mean concentrations divided by the HH benchmark. BQs for predicted concentrations in groundwater are the 99th percentile concentration divided by the HH benchmark.
3Measured DFs are for pesticide compounds measured in streams and groundwater in agricultural and urban land-use areas.
AL = aquatic-life
HH = human-health
BQ = benchmark quotient
DF = detection frequency
EXPLANATION
Figure 2. Flow chart for the evaluation of pesticides and degradates in surface water and groundwater.
10 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods Development
Predicted Concentrations in Streams
The WARP model for atrazine (Stone and Gilliom, 2009) was used to predict pesticide-concentration statistics in streams by using adjustment factors to extrapolate to other pesticides. The WARP models were designed to predict atra-zine concentrations in streams on the basis of agricultural-use intensity at the watershed scale; the models have the general form of equation 1:
log Concentration = UI + log R+ K+ WA +
101/4
101/2
( ) ( )f PERDUN + PRECIP
whereUI = atrazine-use intensity, or the
a
]
nnnual agricultural use in a watershed in kilograms dividedd by the watershed area in square kilometers;
R = rainfall errosivity factor R-factor from Universal Soil Loss Equat
( )iion
USLE ;K = soil erodibility factor K-factor
from USLE
( )( )
;;WA = area of the watershed in square
kilometers;PERDUN = perccentage of total stream flow
derivedfrom Dunne overland fflow; andPRECIP = total precipitation for May and
June in miillimeters.
(1)
Details about the application of the WARP model and coefficients for the model variables are included in appendix 6. The model was applied to other pesticides by substituting the use intensity of the pesticide of interest and adjusting the predicted concentrations by using physical-chemical proper-ties of that pesticide, as described in detail in appendix 6. Briefly, multi-compound adjustment factors incorporate physical-chemical properties of a pesticide compound—soil degradation half-life, Koc, and vapor pressure—that indicate the degree to which the compound is more or less mobile in surface water than atrazine, and adjusts the predicted concen-tration for that compound accordingly. The physical-chemical property values used in the model are listed in appendix 1. Pesticide compounds for which individual physical-chemical properties were unavailable had the properties of atrazine sub-stituted in the adjustment factor; this provides a conservative estimate of concentrations for most other pesticides because atrazine is relatively water soluble, mobile, and persistent in
the environment (Gilliom and others, 2006). Recent (2007) agricultural pesticide-use intensity estimates for 331 pesticides (unpublished proprietary data from GfK Kynetec) were used, and, as a worst-case approximation, use estimates for parent compounds were applied to an additional 111 degradation products. These degradates primarily were current analytes in USGS analytical methods and do not represent all possible degradates of the agricultural pesticides evaluated.
Predicted concentration statistics, specifically the 95th percentile and annual mean, in up to more than 62,000 individual stream reaches, depending on the area of pesticide use, were estimated for a total of 442 pesticides and degra-dates. For each compound, the maximum of the 95th per-centile and the maximum of the annual mean concentrations among stream reaches were used to determine aquatic-life and human-health BQs, respectively. The resulting BQ values were used to identify current-use pesticides and degradates that have the potential to occur in streams at concentrations approaching threshold concentrations relevant to aquatic life or human health.
Detection Frequency in Streams
In addition to screening BQ values, NAWQA detection frequency data for 218 pesticide compounds analyzed in up to 101 agricultural and 51 urban stream sites during 1993–2006 were evaluated (fig. 2 and appendix 7). Detection frequen-cies of pesticide compounds at individual stream sites were calculated, then pooled by land-use group, to give an overall mean detection frequency for each land-use group, agricultural or urban, that is site-weighted. A minimum of 12 samples per stream site were required to be included in the detection fre-quency calculations. This screening identified pesticide com-pounds that were detected frequently—these were placed in Tier 1 even though they have no aquatic-life or human-health benchmarks available or occurred at concentrations below the 0.01 BQ threshold for placement in Tier 1.
GroundwaterThe evaluation of pesticide compounds using measured
and predicted pesticide concentrations in groundwater is illus-trated in figure 2. Determination of measured and predicted pesticide-concentration statistics is described in the following sections. The 99th percentile concentrations were divided by human-health benchmarks, when available, to calculate BQs. The 99th percentile concentration was chosen as a conserva-tive statistic for groundwater concentrations without using the maximum concentration among all wells sampled, which could include high-concentration outliers. Measured pesticide detection frequency in groundwater also was evaluated.
Methods 11
Measured Concentrations in Groundwater
Concentration data for 83 pesticide compounds sampled in groundwater networks for previous NAWQA water-quality monitoring studies during 1993–2003 were evaluated; these data are summarized in appendix 8. Pesticide-concentration statistics were determined for agricultural (920 to 1,406 wells, depending on the pesticide), urban (607 to 856 wells), and mixed (1,446 to 2,732 wells) land-use wells, and the 99th percentile concentration for each pesticide in each land use was compared to human-health benchmarks, when available. The resulting BQs were used to identify compounds that historically have been detected in groundwater at concentra-tions approaching threshold concentrations that are potentially relevant to human health.
Predicted Concentrations in Groundwater
A regression model for predicting atrazine occurrence in shallow agricultural groundwater across the United States (Stackelberg and others, 2006) was modified to predict the summed concentration of atrazine and deethylatrazine (Paul Stackelberg, U.S. Geological Survey written commun., 2011). Model variables were selected to represent the environmental setting, agricultural management practices, and atrazine-use intensity. The modified model was used to predict concentra-tions of other current-use non-atrazine pesticide compounds by substituting recent (2007) agricultural pesticide-use inten-sity estimates for 331 pesticides in the present study (unpub-lished proprietary data from GfK Kynetec). The groundwater model has the form of equation 2:
log Concentration 3 46 92
1
1
1 3
0 00 0 00
0
( ) = − + ( )− (
. .
.
/use
artdrn)) + ( ) +
+
1 3 1 3
15 4
23
/ /
. .
.
( )0 0 0
0
2wtdep artdrn wtdep
per
i
mmin rech e airtemp
use
( ) + +( )( ) − ( )1 3
62 log 1 5
where
1
/
. arg .0 0 00
92200 = the intensity, in kilograms per square kilometer, off atrazine applications for agricultural purposes in 500-mmeter radial areas around each sampled well. Atrazine-use estimates were based on unpublished proprietary-use data obtained from DMRKYNETEC, Inc. (Thelin and Stone, 2010); 9200represents the average reported use for the year
use
ss 1992 2000.= the percentage of 1-square kilometer
g
−artdrn
rrid cells with subsurface drains and graded ditches as reppresented by conservation practices CP606, CP607, and/or CCP608 (U.S. Natural Resources Conservation Service, 1995)..
= depth the seasonally high water tablein meters (Na
wtdepttural Resources
Conservation Service, 1994).permeapermin = bbility of the least permeable soils
layer in centimeters pper hour U.S. Natural Resources
Conservation Service, 199(
44).mean annual groundwater recharge in
centimeterecharge =
rrs per year estimated from a base-flow analysis and mean
, annual
runoff as described in Wolock (2003) and modified to include groundwater withdrawn for irrigation purposes (Karen Burow, U.S. Geological Survey,written commun., Mayy 2009).
mean annual air temperature during 198airtemp = −0 977 in degrees C (Thornton, 2003).
12 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods Development
Details about the development and application of the groundwater model are included in appendix 9. A multi-compound model with adjustment factors for non-atrazine pesticides, like that used for streams, has not yet been devel-oped for groundwater, but this method provided a conservative estimate of future pesticide concentrations in groundwater by assuming that all pesticides behave in the environment as atrazine does. The 99th percentile predicted concentration for each compound was divided by the human-health bench-mark for the compound, when available, to calculate a BQ. The resulting BQs were used to identify current-use pesticide compounds that have the potential to occur in groundwater at concentrations approaching those relevant to human health.
Detection Frequency in Groundwater
Pesticide detection frequencies were evaluated for 216 pesticide compounds analyzed in up to 59 agricultural and 34 urban groundwater networks monitored by NAWQA during 1993–2006 (appendix 7). Detection frequencies of pesticide compounds in individual wells were pooled by network, and a mean detection frequency was calculated for each network; then networks were pooled by land-use group to give an overall mean detection frequency for the agricultural or urban land-use group that is site- and network-weighted. A mini-mum of 12 wells per network were required to be included in the detection frequency calculations. As with streams, this screening step identified pesticide compounds that have been detected frequently, that is greater than 10 percent, and places them in Tier 1—regardless of whether they have human-health benchmarks available or are below the 0.01 BQ threshold.
Other FactorsIn a final screening step, pesticide compounds were eval-
uated on the basis of other priorities relevant to aquatic life or human health (fig. 2). Pesticide compounds that did not meet the prioritization criteria for Tier 1, but were determined to be a priority to another agency or organization were assigned to Tier 2; priorities are tabulated in appendix 3. Criteria for Tier 2 priorities include pesticide compounds characterized by the following:
• Have USEPA MCL values, but do not meet the criteria for Tier 1 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2009d).
• Are on USEPA’s Contaminant Candidate List 3 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2009c).
• Have been included in USEPA’s Unregulated Contami-nant Monitoring (UCM) program on the UCM Regula-tion (UCMR) 1 or UCMR 2 list (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2006).
• Are on the Association of American Pesticide Control Officials (AAPCO), State FIFRA (Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act) Issues Research and Evaluation Group’s (SFIREG) State List of Pesticides of Water Quality Concern (Association of American Pesticide Control Officials, 2005).
• Have USEPA National Recommended Water Quality Criteria for the protection of aquatic life, but do not meet the criteria for Tier 1 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2002).
• Have specific objectives for aquatic life from the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1978).
• Have Canadian water-quality guidelines for aquatic-life (Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment, 2007).
• Have recent (1997–2008) active ingredient registra-tion with the USEPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2009b).
Pesticide DegradatesWhen possible, pesticide degradates were evaluated in
the same manner as parent pesticide compounds, as described in the previous sections, “Surface Water” and “Groundwater.” Degradates primarily included those that are current analytes on USGS analytical methods, and they do not represent all possible degradates of the parent pesticides evaluated. Many degradates, however, lack information, such as toxicity or monitoring data, with which to assess their effects or occur-rence. Therefore, pesticide degradates that were not prioritized as highly as parent compounds were elevated to the same priority as the parent as a final step to ensure that potentially important degradates were included (fig. 2).
SedimentA prioritization procedure for pesticide compounds in
sediment was developed to incorporate measured occurrence data in stream and lake bed sediments, predicted likelihood of occurrence in sediments, potential toxicity to aquatic organ-isms, and pesticide use information. Pesticide compounds were further evaluated for their regulatory and non-regulatory importance to other agencies or organizations. The procedure for sediment was less quantitative than that for water because of the limited sediment monitoring data available and the lack of modeling tools. A schematic of the screening procedure for pesticide compounds in sediment is given in figure 3, and the pathways in the schematic are listed in table 2; details of the screening are described in the subsections that follow.
Methods 13
Detection frequencies of pesticide compounds in sedi-ments from USGS monitoring studies were evaluated. A detec-tion-frequency threshold of 10 percent was used to identify “frequently detected” compounds, which were included in Tier 1. Measured pesticide-concentration statistics also were com-pared to aquatic-life benchmarks for sediment, when available. The screening of measured occurrence data, in addition to the predicted likelihood of occurrence in sediments to determine priority compounds, balances the need to track trends with the need to include newer current-use pesticide compounds that could partition to, and accumulate in, sediments and that are potentially important but have not yet been characterized.
Measured Sediment Occurrence Measured occurrence data from three USGS sediment
datasets, most of which were for organochlorine pesticides, were evaluated as follows:
1. NAWQA stream bed-sediment detection-frequency and concentration data for 34 organochlorine pesticides and degradates during 1992–2001 (appendix 10). Pesticides were analyzed in stream sites representing three land uses: agricultural, 176 to 242 samples, depending on the pesticide; urban, 71 to 125 samples; and mixed, 235 to 361 samples.
-
MEASURED OCCURRENCE
PREDICTED OCCURRENCE
OTHER FACTORS
Has compound been monitored?
Yes (USGS) No
DF > 10% DF 1 – 10% DF < 1%
High Low
AL toxicity: High if exceeds AL sediment
benchmarks OR if in AL Bin 1 or 2, else low
Tier 1: (i) high DF; (ii) moderate DF & high toxicity; (iii) moderate DF & low
toxicity but high use; (iv) high predicted occurrence & high toxicity;
or (v) high predicted occurrence & low toxicity but high use.
Tier 2: (i) moderate DF & high toxicity but no use & HL < 1 year; (ii) moderate DF & low toxicity; (iii) high predicted
occurrence & high toxicity but no use & HL < 1 year; or (iv) high predicted
occurrence & low toxicity.
Tier 3: (i) low DF; or (ii) low predicted occurrence
Pesticide degradate without available data to evaluate
No longer used, HL < 1 year & DF
low?
High or increasing use
No longer used & HL < 1 year
High or increasing
use
AL toxicity: High if in AL Bin 1 or 2, else low
Stability: High if soil HL > 30 days;OR Persistence score > 1
Hydrophobicity: High if logKow > 3 OR Sw < 1mg/L
High Low
P11
High Low
No Yes Yes No
P1
P2 P3
P6a P6b
As appropriateOF1
DEG1
OF2DEG2
P4 P5P8a P8b
No Yes Yes No
High Low High Low
Sorption to organic matter: High if Koc > 1000
P10 andP10*
P10*
Factors to ELEVATE: Compound has high use or both agricultural and non-agricultural use, but does not quite meet predicted occurrence thresholds; compound is of concern to other agencies; or compound is a degradate of a parent pesticide compound in Tiers 1 or 2.
Factors to DOWNGRADE : Compound has low measured occurrence ( < 5%) and is not persistent or hydrophobic and has low use.
P9 DEGx
OF3 DEG3
Figure 3. Flow chart for the evaluation of pesticides and degradates in sediment. Explanation: AL, aquatic-life; AL Bin, AL toxicity bin; DEG, degradate; DF, detection frequency; HL, soil degradation half life; Koc, soil organic carbon-water partition coefficient; Kow, octanol-water partition coefficient; mg/L, milligrams per liter; OF, other factors to elevate or downgrade a pesticide compound to another tier; P, pathway; Sw, water solubility; >, greater than; <, less than; %, percent.
14 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods Development
2. NAWQA lake core detection-frequency data for 14 organochlorine pesticides and degradates sampled during 1994–2001 (appendix 11). Pesticides were analyzed in up to 155 core samples collected from 40 urban and reference lakes around the U.S. Core samples represent lake sediments deposited after 1990 (1990 to 2001). Two to seven samples were analyzed from each of 15 dense urban (greater than 50 percent urban land use) lake sites; two to eight samples were analyzed from each of 17 light urban (about 8–50 percent urban land use) sites; and one to five samples were analyzed from each of eight refer-ence (less than 2 percent urban and no agricultural land use) sites (Van Metre and Mahler, 2005).
3. USGS Toxics Program stream bed- and suspended-sediment detection-frequency data for 74 legacy and current-use pesticides and degradates monitored
during 2001–08 (appendix 12). Pesticide compounds were analyzed in a total of 287 samples, with the number of samples for any individual pesticide compound ranging from 21 to 274. Samples were collected from 67 stream sites in targeted agri-cultural studies in California, which included 104 bed-sediment samples and 85 suspended-sediment samples. A total of 98 bed-sediment samples were collected from urban streams in seven states across the U.S., with 12 to 21 samples per site.
Pesticides in these datasets were screened by comparison to occurrence thresholds, as illustrated in figure 3. Frequently detected compounds, those with a detection frequency of greater than 10 percent, were categorized as high priority, or Tier 1, for sediment by pathway P1 (fig. 3 and table 2). Infrequently detected compounds, those with a detection fre-quency of less than 1 percent, were categorized in the lowest
Table 2. Description of screening pathways for sediment.
[Abbreviations: AL, aquatic life; >, greater than; <, less than]
TierPathway number
Pathway description
1 P1 Measured in >10 percent of samples in sediment datasets.1 P2 Measured in 1 to 10 percent of samples in sediment datasets; high toxicity to AL; and
current use, or recent use and soil half-life >1 year.1 P3 Measured in 1 to 10 percent of samples in sediment datasets; low or unknown toxicity to
AL; and high or increasing use.1 P4 Predicted occurrence (persistent and hydrophobic or immobile); high toxicity to AL; and
current use, or recent use and soil half-life >1 year.1 P5 Predicted occurrence (persistent and hydrophobic or immobile); low or unknown
toxicity to AL; and high or increasing use.1 OF1 Compound elevated to Tier 1 from lower Tier because of other factors.1 DEG1 Pesticide degradate placed in Tier 1 with parent because of lack of information to
evaluate on its own.2 P6a Measured in 1 to 10 percent of samples in sediment datasets; high toxicity to AL; no
longer in use, soil half-life <1 year, and low-detection frequency (<5 percent).2 P6b Measured in 1 to 10 percent of samples in sediment datasets; low or unknown toxicity to
AL; use is not high or increasing.2 P8a Predicted occurrence (persistent and hydrophobic or immobile); high toxicity to AL; no
longer in use and soil half-life <1 year.2 P8b Predicted occurrence (persistent and hydrophobic or immobile); low or unknown
toxicity to AL; use is not high or increasing.2 OF2 Compound elevated to Tier 2 from Tier 3 or downgraded from Tier 1 to Tier 2 because
of other factors.2 DEG2 Pesticide degradate placed in Tier 2 with parent because of lack of information to
evaluate on its own.3 P9 Measured in <1 percent of samples in sediment datasets.3 P10 Predicted occurrence (persistent, but not hydrophobic); mobile.3 P10* Predicted occurrence (persistence unknown, but not hydrophobic); mobile.3 P11 Predicted occurrence (not persistent).3 OF3 Compound downgraded to Tier 3 because of other factors.3 DEG3 Pesticide degradate placed in Tier 3 with parent because of lack of information to
evaluate on its own.
Methods 15
priority group, Tier 3, by pathway P9 (fig. 3 and table 2), unless subsequently elevated by other factors. Compounds of moderate occurrence, with a detection frequency of 1 to 10 percent, were further screened for (1) exceedance of sedi-ment benchmarks for aquatic life, when available, or potential toxicity to aquatic life; (2) pesticide use, both agricultural and non-agricultural; and (3) other factors to place them into Tier 1 or 2. These factors used in the screening process are further described in the subsections that follow. Pesticide compounds in the low end of the moderate occurrence range (for example, detection frequency of 1 to 4 percent) were placed in Tier 2 if physical-chemical properties indicated they were unlikely to be present in sediments.
Predicted Likelihood of Occurrence in SedimentPesticide and degradate compounds were evaluated for
predicted likelihood of occurrence in sediments on the basis of three parameters: (1) stability, (2) hydrophobicity, and (3) tendency to sorb to sediment organic matter despite a low log Kow (fig. 3). The specific physical-chemical properties and thresholds used to evaluate these parameters are summarized in table 3. The sources and selection of physical-chemical property data were described earlier in the “Methods” section under the subheading “Physical-Chemical Properties,” and the specific values and sources used for the sediment evaluation are tabulated in appendix 1.
Pesticide compounds that are both stable and hydro-phobic, or stable with a high tendency to sorb to soil organic matter, as defined by the thresholds in table 3, were further evaluated for potential toxicity to aquatic life and pesticide use (described in the following sections) in the same manner as the compounds with moderate measured detection frequency (fig. 3). Pesticide compounds that did not meet the stability criterion were placed in Tier 3 by pathway P11 (fig. 3 and table 2), and compounds that did not meet at least one of the
criteria for hydrophobicity or sorption to organic matter were placed in Tier 3 by pathway P10 (fig. 3 and table 2) on the basis that both persistence and hydrophobicity, or sorption, are needed for a compound to accumulate in sediment.
Aquatic ToxicityPesticide compounds with moderate measured detection
frequency, 1 to 10 percent, were evaluated for potential aquatic toxicity by considering (1) whether measured concentra-tions exceeded sediment benchmarks, if available, and (2) AL Toxicity Bins (fig. 3). A pesticide compound was considered to have high aquatic toxicity if it met one or both of the fol-lowing criteria: (1) more than 5 percent of samples exceeded the upper screening value sediment benchmark, or (2) the pesticide was in AL Toxicity Bins 1 or 2. These thresholds and criteria were consistent with those used for the evaluation of other, non-pesticide, lipophilic organics in sediment (Lisa D. Olsen, U.S. Geological Survey, written commun., 2010).
Pesticide compounds that were predicted to occur in sedi-ment (that is, met thresholds for stability and either hydro-phobicity or soil sorption) also were considered to have high aquatic toxicity if they were in AL Toxicity Bins 1 or 2 (fig. 3). Compounds with high or low aquatic toxicity were further evaluated for pesticide use and other criteria for placement in Tier 1 or 2, as described in the following section.
Pesticide Use and Additional Screening CriteriaCompounds with high aquatic toxicity were placed in
Tier 1 (pathway P2 or P4, fig. 3 and table 2), unless they are no longer in use, have a soil half-life of less than a year, and, for compounds with measured occurrence data, were detected fairly infrequently, that is, in the 1–4 percent range, in which case they were placed in Tier 2 by pathways P6a or P8a (fig. 3 and table 2).
Table 3. Physical-chemical properties and thresholds used to predict likelihood for occurrence in sediments.
[Abbreviations: Koc, soil organic carbon-water partition coefficient; Kow, octanol-water partitioning coefficient; mL/g, milliliters per gram; mg/L, milligrams per liter; <, less than; >, greater than; –, none]
ParameterPhysical-chemical property
(units or value)Threshold Notes
Stability Aerobic soil degradation half-life (days) >30 Highest lab or field value.orPersistence score (1, 2, or 3) >1 Limited usage for compounds
lacking half-life values.
Hydrophobicity log Kow >3 –orWater solubility (mg/L) <1 –
Sorption to organic matter Koc (mL/g) >1,000 –
16 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods Development
Compounds with low aquatic toxicity, that is, in AL Toxicity Bin 3 or having no toxicity information available, were placed in Tier 2 by pathways P6b or P8b (fig. 3 and table 2), unless they had high (top 10 percent of compounds in use volume) or increasing pesticide use. These use criteria for compounds with low aquatic toxicity only applied to two pesticide compounds that were classified as Tier 1 by pathway P5 (fig. 3 and table 2). Conceptually, the flow chart allows for compounds with moderate detection frequency that meet these criteria to be placed in Tier 1 by pathway P3 (fig. 3 and table 2); however, in this study, no compounds met all of these criteria.
Other FactorsPriorities of other agencies or organizations were consid-
ered in the screening approach as “other factors” by which a compound could be elevated from a lower Tier (fig. 3). These priorities include the following:
• Presence on the AAPCO, SFIREG State List of Pesticides of Water Quality Concern (Association of American Pesticide Control Officials, 2005).
• Presence on the USEPA’s Toxics Release Inventory Persistent Bioaccumulative and Toxic list (U.S. Envi-ronmental Protection Agency, 2009f).
• Presence on the USEPA Great Lakes Initiative list of bioaccumulative chemicals of concern in the Great Lakes (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2000b).
• Presence on the USEPA list of High Production Volume chemicals (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2005).
Additional factors elevated the priority of some pesticides that were not expected to be very persistent in sediments, especially those that are very toxic. Factors such as high pesticide use, or use in both agricultural and non-agricultural settings, were considered for compounds that are moderately hydrophobic (log Kow >2.8) but not very persistent. Such compounds can exhibit prolonged, semi-continuous, or steady-state, concentrations in sediments due to high or frequent usage, yet according to the predicted occurrence thresholds in the screening (fig. 3), they would fall into Tier 3. Further, some compounds that were detected very infrequently (less than 1 percent), but are persistent and hydrophobic according to the predicted occurrence thresholds, were elevated from Tier 3. In contrast, some compounds were downgraded in priority because of other factors, such as those with moder-ate measured detection frequency of less than 5 percent in sediment that are not persistent or hydrophobic according to the predicted occurrence thresholds, have low use, and are not expected to occur widely. These extenuating factors that ele-vate or downgrade compounds between Tiers are represented by pathways OF1, OF2, and OF3 in figure 3 and table 2.
Pesticide DegradatesPesticide degradates that could not be evaluated by the
screening procedure because of lack of data were placed in the same tier as their parent compound by pathways DEG1, DEG2, or DEG3 (fig. 3 and table 2). Degradates that were evaluated on the basis of their own data and that were catego-rized in a lower tier than their parent compound (for example, were not predicted to be persistent and hydrophobic) also were re-evaluated to determine if other factors indicated that they should be elevated to the same tier as their parent compound.
Results and DiscussionThe evaluation of pesticide compounds for analyti-
cal methods development priority resulted in classification of compounds into three priority tiers each for water and sediment. The results for water and sediment are presented separately.
Water
Priority Pesticide Compounds for WaterOf the 619 pesticide compounds evaluated, a total of 247
(40 percent) were placed in Tier 1 and are high priority for inclusion in analytical methods available for monitoring and studies. About three-quarters of these, or 184 compounds, are presently included in some USGS analytical method; how-ever, many of these compounds are analyzed by one of several research methods that are expensive and for which there are few data on environmental samples. The large number of analytical methods involved to cover all Tier 1 compounds, the high individual costs of operation, and the various stages of development, make cost-effective application of all the methods impractical. The remaining quarter, or 63 compounds, of which 25 are degradates, are not currently analyzed by USGS laboratories and are high priority as new analytes. The objective for development of analytical methods is to design an integrated analytical strategy that includes as many of the Tier 1 pesticide compounds as possible in a few, relatively cost-effective methods. The Tier 1 compounds are listed in table 4, along with their respective reasons for high-priority status. Table 4 also includes selected Tier 2 compounds that have regulatory relevance for drinking water (that is, they have USEPA MCLs or are on the CCL3). Depending on program objectives, the regulatory status of these Tier 2 compounds potentially elevates their priority, such that they could be included in analytical methods if space and analytical compatibility allow.
Results and Discussion 17
Tabl
e 4.
Ti
er 1
and
sel
ecte
d Ti
er 2
pes
ticid
es a
nd d
egra
date
s in
wat
er, a
nd re
ason
s fo
r tie
r pla
cem
ent.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Abb
revi
atio
ns:
AG
, agr
icul
tura
l; A
L, a
quat
ic-li
fe; B
Q, b
ench
mar
k qu
otie
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
CL3
, Thi
rd C
onta
min
ant C
andi
date
Lis
t (U
SEPA
); D
EG, d
egra
date
of T
ier 1
par
ent p
estic
ide;
DF,
det
ectio
n fr
e-qu
ency
; GW
, gro
undw
ater
; HH
, hum
an-h
ealth
; MC
L, M
axim
um C
onta
min
ant L
evel
(USE
PA);
Mea
s, m
easu
red
conc
entra
tion;
NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s (U
SEPA
); Pr
ed, p
redi
cted
co
ncen
tratio
n; S
W, s
urfa
ce w
ater
; UR
, urb
an; U
SEPA
, U.S
. Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy;
USG
S, U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey;
µg/
L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; –,
non
e]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S
Regi
stry
N
umbe
r
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e
type
/use
Prim
ary
pa
rent
pe
stic
ide
(if d
egra
date
)
Chem
ical
cl
ass
Nat
iona
l ag
ricu
ltura
l pe
stic
ide
use
(200
7)
(in p
ound
s)
On
a U
SGS
an
alyt
ical
m
etho
d fo
r w
ater
?
1 B
Q re
ason
fo
r Tie
r 1D
F re
ason
fo
r Tie
r 1
Oth
er o
r re
gula
tory
re
ason
for
Tier
Tier
11,
3-D
icar
bam
oyl-2
,4,5
,6-te
trach
loro
-be
nzen
eN
AVD
egra
date
Chl
orot
halo
nil
Poly
chlo
rinat
ed
arom
atic
de
grad
ate
–Ye
s–
–D
EG
1,3-
Dic
hlor
opro
pene
542-
75-6
Fum
igan
t–
Hal
ogen
ated
or
gani
c29
,194
,056
Yes
AL,
Pre
d SW
; H
H, P
red
SW;
HH
, Pre
d G
W
––
1-C
arba
moy
l-3-c
yano
-4-h
ydro
xy-
2,5,
6-tri
chlo
robe
nzen
eN
AVD
egra
date
Chl
orot
halo
nil
Poly
chlo
rinat
ed
arom
atic
de
grad
ate
–Ye
s–
–D
EG
1-N
apht
hol
90-1
5-3
Deg
rada
teC
arba
ryl,
napr
opam
ide
Phen
ol–
Yes
–SW
–UR
–
2-(4
-tert
-but
ylph
enox
y)-
Cyc
lohe
xano
l19
42-7
1-8
Deg
rada
tePr
opar
gite
Alip
hatic
alc
ohol
–N
o–
SW–A
G–
2,4-
D
(2,4
-Dic
hlor
ophe
noxy
ace
tic a
cid)
94-7
5-7
Her
bici
de–
Chl
orop
heno
xy
acid
27,4
36,8
79Ye
sA
L, P
red
SW;
HH
, Pre
d SW
; A
L, M
eas S
W;
HH
, Mea
s SW
SW–A
G;
SW–U
R–
2,4-
D m
ethy
l est
er19
28-3
8-7
Her
bici
de–
Chl
orop
heno
xy
acid
est
er–
Yes
–SW
–AG
–
2,6-
Die
thyl
anili
ne57
9-66
-8D
egra
date
Ala
chlo
rA
nilin
e–
Yes
––
DEG
2-[(
2-Et
hyl-6
-met
hylp
heny
l)am
ino]
-1-
prop
anol
6152
0-53
-4D
egra
date
Met
olac
hlor
Ani
line
–N
o–
–D
EG
2-A
min
o-N
-isop
ropy
lben
zam
ide
3039
1-89
-0D
egra
date
Ben
tazo
nA
mid
e–
No
AL,
Pre
d SW
––
2-C
hlor
o-2,
6-di
ethy
lace
tani
lide
6967
-29-
9D
egra
date
Ala
chlo
rA
ceta
nilid
e
degr
adat
e–
Yes
––
DEG
2-C
hlor
o-N
-(2-
ethy
l-6-
m
ethy
lphe
nyl)a
ceta
mid
e
(Ace
toch
lor/M
etol
achl
or,
seco
ndar
y am
ide)
3242
8-71
-0D
egra
date
Ace
toch
lor,
m
etol
achl
orC
hlor
oace
tani
lide
degr
adat
e–
Yes
––
DEG
2-Et
hyl-6
-met
hyla
nilin
e24
549-
06-2
Deg
rada
teM
etol
achl
orA
nilin
e–
Yes
AL,
Pre
d SW
––
Tabl
e 4.
Ti
er 1
and
sel
ecte
d Ti
er 2
pes
ticid
es a
nd d
egra
date
s in
wat
er, a
nd re
ason
s fo
r tie
r pla
cem
ent.
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Abb
revi
atio
ns:
AG
, agr
icul
tura
l; A
L, a
quat
ic-li
fe; B
Q, b
ench
mar
k qu
otie
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
CL3
, Thi
rd C
onta
min
ant C
andi
date
Lis
t (U
SEPA
); D
EG, d
egra
date
of T
ier 1
par
ent p
estic
ide;
DF,
det
ectio
n fr
e-qu
ency
; GW
, gro
undw
ater
; HH
, hum
an-h
ealth
; MC
L, M
axim
um C
onta
min
ant L
evel
(USE
PA);
Mea
s, m
easu
red
conc
entra
tion;
NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s (U
SEPA
); Pr
ed, p
redi
cted
co
ncen
tratio
n; S
W, s
urfa
ce w
ater
; UR
, urb
an; U
SEPA
, U.S
. Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy;
USG
S, U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey;
µg/
L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; –,
non
e]
18 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
4.
Tier
1 a
nd s
elec
ted
Tier
2 p
estic
ides
and
deg
rada
tes
in w
ater
, and
reas
ons
for t
ier p
lace
men
t.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Abb
revi
atio
ns:
AG
, agr
icul
tura
l; A
L, a
quat
ic-li
fe; B
Q, b
ench
mar
k qu
otie
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
CL3
, Thi
rd C
onta
min
ant C
andi
date
Lis
t (U
SEPA
); D
EG, d
egra
date
of T
ier 1
par
ent p
estic
ide;
DF,
det
ectio
n fr
e-qu
ency
; GW
, gro
undw
ater
; HH
, hum
an-h
ealth
; MC
L, M
axim
um C
onta
min
ant L
evel
(USE
PA);
Mea
s, m
easu
red
conc
entra
tion;
NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s (U
SEPA
); Pr
ed, p
redi
cted
co
ncen
tratio
n; S
W, s
urfa
ce w
ater
; UR
, urb
an; U
SEPA
, U.S
. Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy;
USG
S, U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey;
µg/
L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; –,
non
e]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S
Regi
stry
N
umbe
r
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e
type
/use
Prim
ary
pa
rent
pe
stic
ide
(if d
egra
date
)
Chem
ical
cl
ass
Nat
iona
l ag
ricu
ltura
l pe
stic
ide
use
(200
7)
(in p
ound
s)
On
a U
SGS
an
alyt
ical
m
etho
d fo
r w
ater
?
1 B
Q re
ason
fo
r Tie
r 1D
F re
ason
fo
r Tie
r 1
Oth
er o
r re
gula
tory
re
ason
for
Tier
Tier
1–C
ontin
ued
2-H
ydro
xyat
razi
ne21
63-6
8-0
Deg
rada
teA
trazi
neTr
iazi
ne–
Yes
HH
, Pre
d SW
SW–A
G;
SW–U
R;
GW
–AG
; G
W–U
R
–
3-(T
rifluo
rom
ethy
l)ani
line
98-1
6-8
Deg
rada
teFl
uom
etur
onA
nilin
e–
Yes
––
DEG
3-(T
rifluo
rom
ethy
l)phe
nylu
rea
1311
4-87
-9D
egra
date
Fluo
met
uron
Phen
ylur
ea–
Yes
––
DEG
3,4-
Dic
hlor
oani
line
95-7
6-1
Deg
rada
teD
iuro
nA
nilin
e–
Yes
AL,
Pre
d SW
SW–A
G;
SW–U
R–
3,4-
Dic
hlor
omet
hyph
enyl
urea
3567
-62-
2D
egra
date
Diu
ron
Ure
a–
Yes
AL,
Pre
d SW
––
3,4-
Dic
hlor
ophe
nylu
rea
2327
-02-
8D
egra
date
Diu
ron
Ure
a–
Yes
AL,
Pre
d SW
––
3,5-
Dic
hlor
oani
line
626-
43-7
Deg
rada
teIp
rodi
one
Ani
line
–Ye
sA
L, P
red
SW–
–3-
Hyd
roxy
carb
ofur
an16
655-
82-6
Deg
rada
teC
arbo
fura
nC
arba
mat
e–
Yes
––
DEG
3-K
etoc
arbo
fura
n16
709-
30-1
Deg
rada
teC
arbo
fura
nC
arba
mat
e–
No
––
DEG
3-Ph
enox
yben
zoic
aci
d37
39-3
8-6
Deg
rada
teC
yper
met
hrin
(a
nd o
ther
py
reth
roid
s)
Ben
zoic
aci
d–
No
––
DEG
4-(H
ydro
xym
ethy
l)pen
dim
etha
lin56
750-
76-6
Deg
rada
tePe
ndim
etha
linD
initr
oani
line
–N
o–
–D
EG4,
4′-D
ichl
orob
enzo
phen
one
90-9
8-2
Deg
rada
teD
DT,
di
cofo
lO
rgan
ochl
orin
e–
No
––
DEG
4-C
hlor
o-2-
met
hylp
heno
l15
70-6
4-5
Deg
rada
teM
CPA
Chl
orin
ated
ph
enol
–Ye
s–
SW–U
R–
4-C
hlor
oben
zylm
ethy
l sul
fone
98-5
7-7
Deg
rada
teTh
iobe
ncar
bTh
ioca
rbam
ate
degr
adat
e–
sulfo
ne
–N
o–
–D
EG
4-H
ydro
xy-2
,5,6
-tric
hlor
o is
opht
halo
nitri
leN
AVD
egra
date
Chl
orot
halo
nil
Poly
chlo
rinat
ed
arom
atic
deg
-ra
date
–Ye
s–
–D
EG
Ace
phat
e30
560-
19-1
Inse
ctic
ide
–O
rgan
opho
spha
te3,
467,
587
No
AL,
Pre
d SW
––
Ace
toch
lor
3425
6-82
-1H
erbi
cide
–C
hlor
oace
tani
lide
30,4
71,5
62Ye
sA
L, P
red
SW;
HH
, Pre
d SW
; A
L, M
eas S
W;
HH
, Mea
s SW
; H
H, P
red
GW
SW–A
G–
Results and Discussion 19
Tabl
e 4.
Ti
er 1
and
sel
ecte
d Ti
er 2
pes
ticid
es a
nd d
egra
date
s in
wat
er, a
nd re
ason
s fo
r tie
r pla
cem
ent.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Abb
revi
atio
ns:
AG
, agr
icul
tura
l; A
L, a
quat
ic-li
fe; B
Q, b
ench
mar
k qu
otie
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
CL3
, Thi
rd C
onta
min
ant C
andi
date
Lis
t (U
SEPA
); D
EG, d
egra
date
of T
ier 1
par
ent p
estic
ide;
DF,
det
ectio
n fr
e-qu
ency
; GW
, gro
undw
ater
; HH
, hum
an-h
ealth
; MC
L, M
axim
um C
onta
min
ant L
evel
(USE
PA);
Mea
s, m
easu
red
conc
entra
tion;
NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s (U
SEPA
); Pr
ed, p
redi
cted
co
ncen
tratio
n; S
W, s
urfa
ce w
ater
; UR
, urb
an; U
SEPA
, U.S
. Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy;
USG
S, U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey;
µg/
L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; –,
non
e]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S
Regi
stry
N
umbe
r
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e
type
/use
Prim
ary
pa
rent
pe
stic
ide
(if d
egra
date
)
Chem
ical
cl
ass
Nat
iona
l ag
ricu
ltura
l pe
stic
ide
use
(200
7)
(in p
ound
s)
On
a U
SGS
an
alyt
ical
m
etho
d fo
r w
ater
?
1 B
Q re
ason
fo
r Tie
r 1D
F re
ason
fo
r Tie
r 1
Oth
er o
r re
gula
tory
re
ason
for
Tier
Tier
1–C
ontin
ued
Ace
toch
lor e
than
e su
lfoni
c ac
id
(ESA
)18
7022
-11-
3D
egra
date
Ace
toch
lor
Ace
tani
lide
de
grad
ate–
su
lfoni
c ac
id
–Ye
s–
SW–A
G–
Ace
toch
lor o
xani
lic a
cid
(OA
)18
4992
-44-
4D
egra
date
Ace
toch
lor
Ace
tani
lide
de
grad
ate–
O
A
–Ye
s–
SW–A
G–
Ace
toch
lor s
ulfy
nila
cetic
aci
d (S
AA
)N
AVD
egra
date
Ace
toch
lor
Ace
tani
lide
de
grad
ate–
su
lfyni
lace
tic
acid
–Ye
s–
SW–A
G–
Ace
toch
lor/M
etol
achl
or E
SA,
seco
ndar
y am
ide
NAV
Deg
rada
teA
ceto
chlo
r,
met
olac
hlor
Ace
tani
lide
de
grad
ate–
su
lfoni
c ac
id
seco
ndar
y am
ide
–Ye
s–
W
–AG
–
Ala
chlo
r15
972-
60-8
Her
bici
de–
Chl
oroa
ceta
nilid
e1,
923,
064
Yes
AL,
Pre
d SW
; H
H, P
red
SW;
AL,
Mea
s SW
; H
H, M
eas S
W
SW–A
G–
Ala
chlo
r ESA
, sec
onda
ry a
mid
eN
AVD
egra
date
Ala
chlo
rC
hlor
oace
tani
lide
degr
adat
e–
Yes
––
DEG
Ala
chlo
r ESA
1423
63-5
3-9
Deg
rada
teA
lach
lor
Ace
tani
lide
de
grad
ate–
su
lfoni
c ac
id
–Ye
s–
SW–A
G;
GW
–AG
; G
W–U
R
–
Ala
chlo
r OA
1712
62-1
7-2
Deg
rada
teA
lach
lor
Ace
tani
lide
de
grad
ate–
O
A
–Ye
s–
SW–A
G–
Ala
chlo
r SA
A14
0939
-16-
8D
egra
date
Ala
chlo
rC
hlor
oace
tani
lide
degr
adat
e–
Yes
––
DEG
Ald
icar
b11
6-06
-3In
sect
icid
e–
Car
bam
ate
3,92
6,76
1Ye
sA
L, P
red
SW;
HH
, Pre
d SW
––
20 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
4.
Tier
1 a
nd s
elec
ted
Tier
2 p
estic
ides
and
deg
rada
tes
in w
ater
, and
reas
ons
for t
ier p
lace
men
t.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Abb
revi
atio
ns:
AG
, agr
icul
tura
l; A
L, a
quat
ic-li
fe; B
Q, b
ench
mar
k qu
otie
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
CL3
, Thi
rd C
onta
min
ant C
andi
date
Lis
t (U
SEPA
); D
EG, d
egra
date
of T
ier 1
par
ent p
estic
ide;
DF,
det
ectio
n fr
e-qu
ency
; GW
, gro
undw
ater
; HH
, hum
an-h
ealth
; MC
L, M
axim
um C
onta
min
ant L
evel
(USE
PA);
Mea
s, m
easu
red
conc
entra
tion;
NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s (U
SEPA
); Pr
ed, p
redi
cted
co
ncen
tratio
n; S
W, s
urfa
ce w
ater
; UR
, urb
an; U
SEPA
, U.S
. Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy;
USG
S, U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey;
µg/
L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; –,
non
e]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S
Regi
stry
N
umbe
r
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e
type
/use
Prim
ary
pa
rent
pe
stic
ide
(if d
egra
date
)
Chem
ical
cl
ass
Nat
iona
l ag
ricu
ltura
l pe
stic
ide
use
(200
7)
(in p
ound
s)
On
a U
SGS
an
alyt
ical
m
etho
d fo
r w
ater
?
1 B
Q re
ason
fo
r Tie
r 1D
F re
ason
fo
r Tie
r 1
Oth
er o
r re
gula
tory
re
ason
for
Tier
Tier
1–C
ontin
ued
Ald
icar
b su
lfone
1646
-88-
4D
egra
date
Ald
icar
bC
arba
mat
e
degr
adat
e–
sulfo
ne
–Ye
sH
H, P
red
SW–
–
Ald
icar
b su
lfoxi
de16
46-8
7-3
Deg
rada
teA
ldic
arb
Car
bam
ate
de
grad
ate
– su
lfoxi
de
–Ye
sA
L, P
red
SW;
HH
, Pre
d SW
; A
L, M
eas S
W
––
alph
a-H
CH
(alp
ha-H
exac
hlor
ocyc
lohe
xane
)31
9-84
-6In
sect
icid
e m
ixtu
re
com
pone
nt,
by-p
rodu
ct,
degr
adat
e
gam
ma-
HC
H
(and
oth
er
HC
H is
o-m
ers)
Org
anoc
hlor
ine
–Ye
sH
H, P
red
SW–
–
Am
etry
n83
4-12
-8H
erbi
cide
–Tr
iazi
ne20
9,83
4Ye
sA
L, P
red
SW–
–A
min
omet
hylp
hosp
honi
c ac
id10
66-5
1-9
Deg
rada
teG
lyph
osat
eD
egra
date
of
amin
o ac
id
deriv
ativ
e
–Ye
s–
SW–A
G;
SW–U
R–
Asu
lam
3337
-71-
1H
erbi
cide
–C
arba
mat
e60
2,89
8N
oA
L, P
red
SW–
–A
trazi
ne19
12-2
4-9
Her
bici
de–
Tria
zine
74,7
79,4
92Ye
sA
L, P
red
SW;
HH
, Pre
d SW
; A
L, M
eas S
W;
HH
, Mea
s SW
; H
H, P
red
GW
; H
H, M
eas G
W
SW–A
G;
SW–U
R;
GW
–AG
–
Azi
npho
s-m
ethy
l86
-50-
0In
sect
icid
e–
Org
anop
hosp
hate
680,
052
Yes
AL,
Pre
d SW
; A
L, M
eas S
W–
–
Azi
npho
s-m
ethy
l-oxo
n96
1-22
-8D
egra
date
Azi
npho
s m
ethy
lO
rgan
othi
o-
phos
phat
e–
Yes
––
DEG
Azo
xyst
robi
n13
1860
-33-
8Fu
ngic
ide
–St
robi
n75
1,75
7Ye
sA
L, P
red
SW–
–B
enflu
ralin
1861
-40-
1H
erbi
cide
–D
initr
oani
line
64,5
60Ye
sH
H, P
red
GW
––
Ben
omyl
1780
4-35
-2Fu
ngic
ide
–B
enzi
mid
azol
e2,
894
Yes
AL,
Pre
d SW
SW–A
G;
SW–U
R–
Ben
tazo
n25
057-
89-0
Her
bici
de–
N–h
eter
ocyc
le,
thia
diaz
ine
974,
909
Yes
–SW
–AG
–
Results and Discussion 21
Tabl
e 4.
Ti
er 1
and
sel
ecte
d Ti
er 2
pes
ticid
es a
nd d
egra
date
s in
wat
er, a
nd re
ason
s fo
r tie
r pla
cem
ent.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Abb
revi
atio
ns:
AG
, agr
icul
tura
l; A
L, a
quat
ic-li
fe; B
Q, b
ench
mar
k qu
otie
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
CL3
, Thi
rd C
onta
min
ant C
andi
date
Lis
t (U
SEPA
); D
EG, d
egra
date
of T
ier 1
par
ent p
estic
ide;
DF,
det
ectio
n fr
e-qu
ency
; GW
, gro
undw
ater
; HH
, hum
an-h
ealth
; MC
L, M
axim
um C
onta
min
ant L
evel
(USE
PA);
Mea
s, m
easu
red
conc
entra
tion;
NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s (U
SEPA
); Pr
ed, p
redi
cted
co
ncen
tratio
n; S
W, s
urfa
ce w
ater
; UR
, urb
an; U
SEPA
, U.S
. Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy;
USG
S, U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey;
µg/
L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; –,
non
e]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S
Regi
stry
N
umbe
r
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e
type
/use
Prim
ary
pa
rent
pe
stic
ide
(if d
egra
date
)
Chem
ical
cl
ass
Nat
iona
l ag
ricu
ltura
l pe
stic
ide
use
(200
7)
(in p
ound
s)
On
a U
SGS
an
alyt
ical
m
etho
d fo
r w
ater
?
1 B
Q re
ason
fo
r Tie
r 1D
F re
ason
fo
r Tie
r 1
Oth
er o
r re
gula
tory
re
ason
for
Tier
Tier
1–C
ontin
ued
beta
-HC
H31
9-85
-7In
sect
icid
e m
ixtu
re
com
pone
nt,
by-p
rodu
ct,
degr
adat
e
gam
ma-
HC
H
(and
oth
er
HC
H is
omer
s)
Org
anoc
hlor
ine
–N
oH
H, P
red
SW–
–
Bife
naza
te14
9877
-41-
8In
sect
icid
e–
NAV
133,
908
No
AL,
Pre
d SW
––
Bife
nthr
in82
657-
04-3
Inse
ctic
ide
–Py
reth
roid
201,
291
Yes
AL,
Pre
d SW
––
Bro
mac
il31
4-40
-9H
erbi
cide
–U
raci
l31
2,78
2Ye
sA
L, P
red
SW;
AL,
Mea
s SW
; H
H, M
eas G
W
––
Bro
mom
etha
ne74
-83-
9Fu
mig
ant/
adju
vant
–H
alog
enat
ed
orga
nic
12,8
81,2
46Ye
sA
L, P
red
SW–
–
Bro
mox
ynil
1689
-84-
5H
erbi
cide
–N
itrile
1,93
9,55
8Ye
sA
L, M
eas S
W–
–B
utra
lin33
629-
47-9
Her
bici
de–
Din
itroa
nilin
e27
,490
No
AL,
Pre
d SW
––
Car
bary
l63
-25-
2In
sect
icid
e–
Car
bam
ate
1,05
5,99
1Ye
sA
L, P
red
SW;
AL,
Mea
s SW
; H
H, M
eas S
W
SW–A
G;
SW–U
R–
Car
bofu
ran
1563
-66-
2In
sect
icid
e–
Car
bam
ate
460,
844
Yes
AL,
Pre
d SW
; A
L, M
eas S
W;
HH
, Mea
s SW
SW–A
G–
Chl
orim
uron
-eth
yl90
982-
32-4
Her
bici
de–
Sulfo
nylu
rea
60,6
66Ye
s–
SW–A
G–
Chl
orop
icrin
76-0
6-2
Fum
igan
t/
nem
atoc
ide
–N
AV9,
912,
427
No
AL,
Pre
d SW
––
Chl
orot
halo
nil
1897
-45-
6Fu
ngic
ide
–Po
lych
lorin
ated
ar
omat
ic8,
024,
737
Yes
AL,
Pre
d SW
; H
H, P
red
SW;
AL,
Mea
s SW
––
Chl
orpy
rifos
2921
-88-
2In
sect
icid
e–
Org
anot
hio-
ph
osph
ate
7,52
1,29
2Ye
sA
L, P
red
SW;
HH
, Pre
d SW
; A
L, M
eas S
W;
HH
, Mea
s SW
SW–A
G;
SW–U
R–
Chl
orpy
rifos
oxy
gen
anal
og55
98-1
5-2
Deg
rada
teC
hlor
pyrif
osO
rgan
opho
spha
te–
Yes
AL,
Pre
d SW
––
22 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
4.
Tier
1 a
nd s
elec
ted
Tier
2 p
estic
ides
and
deg
rada
tes
in w
ater
, and
reas
ons
for t
ier p
lace
men
t.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Abb
revi
atio
ns:
AG
, agr
icul
tura
l; A
L, a
quat
ic-li
fe; B
Q, b
ench
mar
k qu
otie
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
CL3
, Thi
rd C
onta
min
ant C
andi
date
Lis
t (U
SEPA
); D
EG, d
egra
date
of T
ier 1
par
ent p
estic
ide;
DF,
det
ectio
n fr
e-qu
ency
; GW
, gro
undw
ater
; HH
, hum
an-h
ealth
; MC
L, M
axim
um C
onta
min
ant L
evel
(USE
PA);
Mea
s, m
easu
red
conc
entra
tion;
NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s (U
SEPA
); Pr
ed, p
redi
cted
co
ncen
tratio
n; S
W, s
urfa
ce w
ater
; UR
, urb
an; U
SEPA
, U.S
. Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy;
USG
S, U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey;
µg/
L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; –,
non
e]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S
Regi
stry
N
umbe
r
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e
type
/use
Prim
ary
pa
rent
pe
stic
ide
(if d
egra
date
)
Chem
ical
cl
ass
Nat
iona
l ag
ricu
ltura
l pe
stic
ide
use
(200
7)
(in p
ound
s)
On
a U
SGS
an
alyt
ical
m
etho
d fo
r w
ater
?
1 B
Q re
ason
fo
r Tie
r 1D
F re
ason
fo
r Tie
r 1
Oth
er o
r re
gula
tory
re
ason
for
Tier
Tier
1–C
ontin
ued
Chl
orsu
lfuro
n64
902-
72-3
Her
bici
de–
Sulfo
nylu
rea
79,8
69N
oA
L, P
red
SW–
–ci
s-M
ethy
l-3-(
2,2-
dich
loro
viny
l)-
2,2-
dim
ethy
l-(1-
cycl
opro
pane
)-ca
rbox
ylat
e
c618
98-9
5-1
Deg
rada
teC
yflut
hrin
Alip
hatic
ac
id e
ster
–N
o–
–D
EG
cis-
Perm
ethr
in61
949-
76-6
Inse
ctic
ide
–Py
reth
roid
–Ye
sA
L, M
eas S
W–
–ci
s-Pr
opic
onaz
ole
c602
07-9
0-1
Fung
icid
e–
Con
azol
e–
Yes
–SW
–AG
; SW
–UR
–
Cop
per
7440
-50-
8Fu
ngic
ide
–In
orga
nic
1,09
2,51
6Ye
sA
L, P
red
SW–
–C
yana
zine
2172
5-46
-2H
erbi
cide
–Tr
iazi
ne19
5Ye
sA
L, M
eas S
W;
HH
, Mea
s SW
SW–A
G–
Cya
nazi
ne a
cid
NAV
Deg
rada
teC
yana
zine
Tria
zine
–Ye
s–
–D
EGC
yana
zine
am
ide
NAV
Deg
rada
teC
yana
zine
Tria
zine
–Ye
s–
SW–A
G–
Cyfl
uthr
in68
359-
37-5
Inse
ctic
ide
–Py
reth
roid
119,
554
Yes
AL,
Pre
d SW
––
Cyh
alot
hrin
(lam
bda-
Cyh
alot
hrin
)91
465-
08-6
Inse
ctic
ide
–Py
reth
roid
251,
159
Yes
AL,
Pre
d SW
––
gam
ma-
Cyh
alot
hrin
276
703-
62-3
Inse
ctic
ide
–Py
reth
roid
5,11
5N
osa
me
as
Cyh
alot
hrin
––
Cyp
erm
ethr
in52
315-
07-8
Inse
ctic
ide
–Py
reth
roid
76,4
79Ye
sA
L, P
red
SW–
– ze
ta-C
yper
met
hrin
269
865-
47-0
Inse
ctic
ide
–Py
reth
roid
101,
250
No
sam
e as
C
yper
-met
hrin
––
Dac
thal
1861
-32-
1H
erbi
cide
–C
hlor
oben
zoic
ac
id e
ster
494,
247
Yes
HH
, Mea
s SW
SW–A
G;
SW–U
R–
Dac
thal
mon
oaci
d88
7-54
-7D
egra
date
Dac
thal
Chl
orob
enzo
ic
acid
est
er–
Yes
––
DEG
Dec
hlor
oace
toch
lor
NAV
Deg
rada
teA
ceto
chlo
rC
hlor
oace
tani
lide
degr
adat
e–
Yes
––
DEG
Dec
hlor
oala
chlo
rN
AVD
egra
date
Ala
chlo
rC
hlor
oace
tani
lide
degr
adat
e–
Yes
––
DEG
Dec
hlor
odim
ethe
nam
idN
AVD
egra
date
Dim
ethe
nam
idA
mid
e de
grad
ate
–Ye
s–
–D
EGD
echl
orom
etol
achl
orN
AVD
egra
date
Met
olac
hlor
Chl
oroa
ceta
nilid
e de
grad
ate
–Ye
s–
–D
EG
Results and Discussion 23
Tabl
e 4.
Ti
er 1
and
sel
ecte
d Ti
er 2
pes
ticid
es a
nd d
egra
date
s in
wat
er, a
nd re
ason
s fo
r tie
r pla
cem
ent.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Abb
revi
atio
ns:
AG
, agr
icul
tura
l; A
L, a
quat
ic-li
fe; B
Q, b
ench
mar
k qu
otie
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
CL3
, Thi
rd C
onta
min
ant C
andi
date
Lis
t (U
SEPA
); D
EG, d
egra
date
of T
ier 1
par
ent p
estic
ide;
DF,
det
ectio
n fr
e-qu
ency
; GW
, gro
undw
ater
; HH
, hum
an-h
ealth
; MC
L, M
axim
um C
onta
min
ant L
evel
(USE
PA);
Mea
s, m
easu
red
conc
entra
tion;
NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s (U
SEPA
); Pr
ed, p
redi
cted
co
ncen
tratio
n; S
W, s
urfa
ce w
ater
; UR
, urb
an; U
SEPA
, U.S
. Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy;
USG
S, U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey;
µg/
L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; –,
non
e]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S
Regi
stry
N
umbe
r
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e
type
/use
Prim
ary
pa
rent
pe
stic
ide
(if d
egra
date
)
Chem
ical
cl
ass
Nat
iona
l ag
ricu
ltura
l pe
stic
ide
use
(200
7)
(in p
ound
s)
On
a U
SGS
an
alyt
ical
m
etho
d fo
r w
ater
?
1 B
Q re
ason
fo
r Tie
r 1D
F re
ason
fo
r Tie
r 1
Oth
er o
r re
gula
tory
re
ason
for
Tier
Tier
1–C
ontin
ued
Dee
thyl
atra
zine
6190
-65-
4D
egra
date
Atra
zine
Tria
zine
–Ye
sA
L, P
red
SW;
HH
, Pre
d SW
; H
H, M
eas S
W;
HH
, Mea
s GW
SW–A
G;
SW–U
R;
GW
–AG
; G
W–U
R
–
Dee
thyl
cyan
azin
eN
AVD
egra
date
Cya
nazi
neTr
iazi
ne–
Yes
––
DEG
Dee
thyl
cyan
azin
e ac
idN
AVD
egra
date
Cya
nazi
neTr
iazi
ne–
Yes
––
DEG
Dee
thyl
cyan
azin
e am
ide
NAV
Deg
rada
teC
yana
zine
Tria
zine
–Ye
s–
–D
EGD
eeth
ylhy
drox
yatra
zine
NAV
Deg
rada
teA
trazi
neTr
iazi
ne–
Yes
HH
, Pre
d SW
––
Dei
sopr
opyl
pro
met
ryn
NAV
Deg
rada
tePr
omet
ryn
Tria
zine
–Ye
s–
–D
EGD
eiso
prop
ylat
razi
ne10
07-2
8-9
Deg
rada
teA
trazi
neTr
iazi
ne–
Yes
HH
, Pre
d SW
SW–A
G;
SW–U
R;
GW
–AG
; G
W–U
R
–
Dei
sopr
opyl
hydr
oxya
trazi
ne73
13-5
4-4
Deg
rada
teA
trazi
neTr
iazi
ne–
Yes
AL,
Pre
d SW
; A
L, M
eas S
W–
–
delta
-HC
H31
9-86
-8In
sect
icid
e m
ixtu
re
com
pone
nt,
by-p
rodu
ct,
degr
adat
e
gam
ma-
HC
H
(and
oth
er H
CH
is
omer
s)
Org
anoc
hlor
ine
–N
o–
–D
EG
Del
tam
ethr
in52
918-
63-5
Inse
ctic
ide
–Py
reth
roid
2,83
5Ye
sA
L, P
red
SW–
–D
emet
hyl fl
uom
etur
onN
AVD
egra
date
Fluo
met
uron
Ure
a–
Yes
–SW
–AG
; G
W–A
G–
Dem
ethy
l nor
flura
zon
NAV
Deg
rada
teN
orflu
razo
nPy
ridaz
inon
e–
Yes
–SW
–AG
; G
W–A
G–
Des
ulfin
ylfip
roni
l (M
B46
513)
NAV
Deg
rada
teFi
pron
ilPh
enyl
pyra
zole
de
grad
ate
–Ye
s–
SW–A
G;
SW–U
R–
Des
ulfin
ylfip
roni
l am
ide
(RPA
10
5048
)N
AVD
egra
date
Fipr
onil
Phen
ylpy
razo
le
degr
adat
e–
Yes
–SW
–UR
–
Dia
zino
n33
3-41
-5In
sect
icid
e–
Org
anot
hio-
ph
osph
ate
639,
789
Yes
AL,
Pre
d SW
; H
H, P
red
SW;
AL,
Mea
s SW
; H
H, M
eas S
W
SW–A
G;
SW–U
R–
24 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
4.
Tier
1 a
nd s
elec
ted
Tier
2 p
estic
ides
and
deg
rada
tes
in w
ater
, and
reas
ons
for t
ier p
lace
men
t.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Abb
revi
atio
ns:
AG
, agr
icul
tura
l; A
L, a
quat
ic-li
fe; B
Q, b
ench
mar
k qu
otie
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
CL3
, Thi
rd C
onta
min
ant C
andi
date
Lis
t (U
SEPA
); D
EG, d
egra
date
of T
ier 1
par
ent p
estic
ide;
DF,
det
ectio
n fr
e-qu
ency
; GW
, gro
undw
ater
; HH
, hum
an-h
ealth
; MC
L, M
axim
um C
onta
min
ant L
evel
(USE
PA);
Mea
s, m
easu
red
conc
entra
tion;
NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s (U
SEPA
); Pr
ed, p
redi
cted
co
ncen
tratio
n; S
W, s
urfa
ce w
ater
; UR
, urb
an; U
SEPA
, U.S
. Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy;
USG
S, U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey;
µg/
L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; –,
non
e]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S
Regi
stry
N
umbe
r
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e
type
/use
Prim
ary
pa
rent
pe
stic
ide
(if d
egra
date
)
Chem
ical
cl
ass
Nat
iona
l ag
ricu
ltura
l pe
stic
ide
use
(200
7)
(in p
ound
s)
On
a U
SGS
an
alyt
ical
m
etho
d fo
r w
ater
?
1 B
Q re
ason
fo
r Tie
r 1D
F re
ason
fo
r Tie
r 1
Oth
er o
r re
gula
tory
re
ason
for
Tier
Tier
1–C
ontin
ued
Dia
zino
n ox
ygen
ana
log
962-
58-3
Deg
rada
teD
iazi
non
Org
anop
hosp
hate
–Ye
s–
–D
EGD
icam
ba19
18-0
0-9
Her
bici
de–
Chl
orob
enzo
ic
acid
2,65
8,25
9Ye
sA
L, P
red
SW–
–
Dic
hlob
enil
1194
-65-
6H
erbi
cide
–N
itrile
1,29
3N
oH
H, P
red
GW
––
Dic
hlor
vos
62-7
3-7
Inse
ctic
ide/
fu
mig
ant/
de
grad
ate
Nal
edO
rgan
opho
spha
te–
Yes
––
DEG
Dic
ofol
311
5-32
-2In
sect
icid
e–
Org
anoc
hlor
ine
59,4
61N
oA
L, P
red
SW–
–D
icro
toph
os14
1-66
-2In
sect
icid
e–
Org
anop
hosp
hate
1,23
3,97
6Ye
sA
L, P
red
SW;
HH
, Pre
d SW
; H
H, P
red
GW
––
Did
ealk
ylat
razi
ne33
97-6
2-4
Deg
rada
teA
trazi
neTr
iazi
ne–
Yes
–SW
–AG
; SW
–UR
; G
W–A
G;
GW
–UR
;
–
Die
ldrin
60-5
7-1
Inse
ctic
ide
–O
rgan
ochl
orin
e–
Yes
AL,
Mea
s SW
; H
H, M
eas S
W;
HH
, Mea
s GW
––
Difl
uben
zuro
n35
367-
38-5
Inse
ctic
ide
–B
enzo
ylur
ea54
,483
No
AL,
Pre
d SW
––
Difl
ufen
zopy
r10
9293
-97-
2H
erbi
cide
–U
rea
98,3
62N
oA
L, P
red
SW–
–D
imet
hena
mid
8767
4-68
-8H
erbi
cide
–A
mid
e2,
807,
048
Yes
–SW
–AG
–D
imet
hena
mid
ESA
NAV
Deg
rada
teD
imet
hena
mid
Am
ide
degr
adat
e–su
lfoni
c ac
id–
Yes
–SW
–AG
–
Dim
ethe
nam
id O
AN
AVD
egra
date
Dim
ethe
nam
idA
mid
e de
grad
ate–
OA
–Ye
s–
–D
EG
Dim
ethe
nam
id-P
1635
15-1
4-8
Her
bici
de–
Am
ide
1,82
6,28
8N
oA
L, P
red
SW–
–D
imet
hoat
e60
-51-
5In
sect
icid
e–
Org
anot
hio-
ph
osph
ate
721,
316
Yes
AL,
Pre
d SW
; H
H, P
red
SW–
–
Diq
uat
85-0
0-7
Her
bici
de–
Bip
yrid
yliu
m14
9,78
6N
oA
L, P
red
SW–
–D
isul
foto
n29
8-04
-4In
sect
icid
e–
Org
anot
hio-
ph
osph
ate
46,1
51Ye
sA
L, P
red
SW;
HH
, Pre
d SW
; A
L, M
eas S
W
––
Results and Discussion 25
Tabl
e 4.
Ti
er 1
and
sel
ecte
d Ti
er 2
pes
ticid
es a
nd d
egra
date
s in
wat
er, a
nd re
ason
s fo
r tie
r pla
cem
ent.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Abb
revi
atio
ns:
AG
, agr
icul
tura
l; A
L, a
quat
ic-li
fe; B
Q, b
ench
mar
k qu
otie
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
CL3
, Thi
rd C
onta
min
ant C
andi
date
Lis
t (U
SEPA
); D
EG, d
egra
date
of T
ier 1
par
ent p
estic
ide;
DF,
det
ectio
n fr
e-qu
ency
; GW
, gro
undw
ater
; HH
, hum
an-h
ealth
; MC
L, M
axim
um C
onta
min
ant L
evel
(USE
PA);
Mea
s, m
easu
red
conc
entra
tion;
NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s (U
SEPA
); Pr
ed, p
redi
cted
co
ncen
tratio
n; S
W, s
urfa
ce w
ater
; UR
, urb
an; U
SEPA
, U.S
. Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy;
USG
S, U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey;
µg/
L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; –,
non
e]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S
Regi
stry
N
umbe
r
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e
type
/use
Prim
ary
pa
rent
pe
stic
ide
(if d
egra
date
)
Chem
ical
cl
ass
Nat
iona
l ag
ricu
ltura
l pe
stic
ide
use
(200
7)
(in p
ound
s)
On
a U
SGS
an
alyt
ical
m
etho
d fo
r w
ater
?
1 B
Q re
ason
fo
r Tie
r 1D
F re
ason
fo
r Tie
r 1
Oth
er o
r re
gula
tory
re
ason
for
Tier
Tier
1–C
ontin
ued
Dis
ulfo
ton
sulfo
ne24
97-0
6-5
Deg
rada
teD
isul
foto
nO
rgan
othi
o-
phos
phat
e–
Yes
AL,
Pre
d SW
––
Dis
ulfo
ton
sulfo
xide
2497
-07-
6D
egra
date
Dis
ulfo
ton
Org
anot
hio-
ph
osph
ate
–N
oA
L, P
red
SW–
–
Diu
ron
330-
54-1
Her
bici
de–
Ure
a2,
996,
333
Yes
AL,
Pre
d SW
; H
H, P
red
SW;
AL,
Mea
s SW
; H
H, M
eas S
W;
HH
, Mea
s GW
SW–A
G;
SW–U
R;
GW
–UR
–
Endo
sulfa
n11
5-29
-7In
sect
icid
e–
Org
anoc
hlor
ine
369,
905
Yes
AL,
Pre
d SW
––
alph
a-En
dosu
lfan
295
9-98
-8In
sect
icid
e–
Org
anoc
hlor
ine
–Ye
ssa
me
as
Endo
sulfa
n–
–
beta
-End
osul
fan
233
213-
65-9
Inse
ctic
ide
–O
rgan
ochl
orin
e–
Yes
sam
e as
En
dosu
lfan
––
Endo
sulfa
n et
her
3369
-52-
6D
egra
date
Endo
sulfa
nO
rgan
ochl
orin
e–
No
––
DEG
Endo
sulfa
n su
lfate
1031
-07-
8D
egra
date
Endo
sulfa
nO
rgan
ochl
orin
e–
Yes
AL,
Pre
d SW
––
Endo
thal
l 414
5-73
-3H
erbi
cide
–D
icar
boxy
lic
acid
3,51
4N
oA
L, P
red
SW–
–
EPTC (S
-Eth
yl d
ipro
pylth
ioca
rbam
ate)
759-
94-4
Her
bici
de–
Thio
carb
amat
e1,
936,
651
Yes
–SW
–AG
–
Esfe
nval
erat
e66
230-
04-4
Inse
ctic
ide
–Py
reth
roid
157,
969
Yes
AL,
Pre
d SW
––
Etha
lflur
alin
5528
3-68
-6H
erbi
cide
–D
initr
oani
line
1,25
1,21
5Ye
sA
L, P
red
SW;
AL,
Mea
s SW
––
Etho
prop
1319
4-48
-4In
sect
icid
e–
Org
anot
hio-
ph
osph
ate
419,
088
Yes
AL,
Pre
d SW
; H
H, P
red
SW;
AL,
Mea
s SW
; H
H, M
eas S
W
––
Etox
azol
e15
3233
-91-
1In
sect
icid
e–
Dip
heny
l ox
azol
ine
19,1
31N
oA
L, P
red
SW–
–
Fam
oxad
one
1318
07-5
7-3
Fung
icid
e–
Oxa
zolid
ined
ione
31
,006
Yes
AL,
Pre
d SW
––
Fena
mip
hos
2222
4-92
-6In
sect
icid
e–
Org
anop
hosp
hate
72,0
35Ye
sA
L, P
red
SW–
–Fe
nam
ipho
s sul
fone
3197
2-44
-8D
egra
date
Fena
mip
hos
Org
anop
hosp
hate
–Ye
s–
–D
EG
26 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
4.
Tier
1 a
nd s
elec
ted
Tier
2 p
estic
ides
and
deg
rada
tes
in w
ater
, and
reas
ons
for t
ier p
lace
men
t.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Abb
revi
atio
ns:
AG
, agr
icul
tura
l; A
L, a
quat
ic-li
fe; B
Q, b
ench
mar
k qu
otie
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
CL3
, Thi
rd C
onta
min
ant C
andi
date
Lis
t (U
SEPA
); D
EG, d
egra
date
of T
ier 1
par
ent p
estic
ide;
DF,
det
ectio
n fr
e-qu
ency
; GW
, gro
undw
ater
; HH
, hum
an-h
ealth
; MC
L, M
axim
um C
onta
min
ant L
evel
(USE
PA);
Mea
s, m
easu
red
conc
entra
tion;
NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s (U
SEPA
); Pr
ed, p
redi
cted
co
ncen
tratio
n; S
W, s
urfa
ce w
ater
; UR
, urb
an; U
SEPA
, U.S
. Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy;
USG
S, U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey;
µg/
L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; –,
non
e]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S
Regi
stry
N
umbe
r
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e
type
/use
Prim
ary
pa
rent
pe
stic
ide
(if d
egra
date
)
Chem
ical
cl
ass
Nat
iona
l ag
ricu
ltura
l pe
stic
ide
use
(200
7)
(in p
ound
s)
On
a U
SGS
an
alyt
ical
m
etho
d fo
r w
ater
?
1 B
Q re
ason
fo
r Tie
r 1D
F re
ason
fo
r Tie
r 1
Oth
er o
r re
gula
tory
re
ason
for
Tier
Tier
1–C
ontin
ued
Fena
mip
hos s
ulfo
xide
3197
2-43
-7D
egra
date
Fena
mip
hos
Org
anop
hosp
hate
–Ye
sA
L, P
red
SW–
–Fe
nbut
atin
oxi
de13
356-
08-6
Inse
ctic
ide
–O
rgan
otin
167,
625
No
AL,
Pre
d SW
––
Fenp
ropa
thrin
3951
5-41
-8In
sect
icid
e–
Pyre
thro
id11
9,46
7Ye
sA
L, P
red
SW–
–Fe
ntin
hyd
roxi
de (T
PTH
, Tr
iphe
nylti
n hy
drox
ide)
76-8
7-9
Fung
icid
e/
mol
lusc
icid
e/
herb
icid
e
–O
rgan
otin
270,
550
No
AL,
Pre
d SW
––
Fipr
onil
1200
68-3
7-3
Inse
ctic
ide
–Ph
enyl
pyra
zole
56,6
34Ye
sA
L, P
red
SWSW
–AG
; SW
–UR
–
Fipr
onil
sulfi
de12
0067
-83-
6D
egra
date
Fipr
onil
Phen
ylpy
razo
le
degr
adat
e–
Yes
–SW
–AG
; SW
–UR
–
Fipr
onil
sulfo
ne12
0068
-36-
2D
egra
date
Fipr
onil
Phen
ylpy
razo
le
degr
adat
e–
Yes
–SW
–AG
; SW
–UR
–
Flum
etsu
lam
9896
7-40
-9H
erbi
cide
–Su
lfony
lure
a12
7,34
0Ye
s–
SW–A
G–
Flum
iclo
rac 5
8754
6-18
-7H
erbi
cide
–Ph
thal
imid
e17
,649
No
AL,
Pre
d SW
––
Fluo
met
uron
2164
-17-
2H
erbi
cide
–U
rea
504,
361
Yes
AL,
Pre
d SW
; H
H, P
red
SW;
AL,
Mea
s SW
; H
H, M
eas S
W
SW–A
G–
Fono
fos
944-
22-9
Inse
ctic
ide
–O
rgan
othi
o-
phos
phat
e0
Yes
AL,
Mea
s SW
––
Fono
fos o
xyge
n an
alog
944-
21-8
Deg
rada
teFo
nofo
sO
rgan
othi
o-
phos
phat
e–
No
––
DEG
Form
etan
ate
hydr
ochl
orid
e23
422-
53-9
Inse
ctic
ide
–C
arba
mat
e87
,580
No
AL,
Pre
d SW
––
gam
ma-
HC
H58
-89-
9In
sect
icid
e–
Org
anoc
hlor
ine
4,59
3Ye
sA
L, P
red
SW;
HH
, Pre
d SW
; A
L, M
eas S
W;
HH
, Pre
d G
W
––
Gly
phos
ate
1071
-83-
6H
erbi
cide
–A
min
o ac
id
deriv
ativ
e18
0,07
5,00
0Ye
s–
SW–A
G;
SW–U
R–
Hal
osul
furo
n-m
ethy
l10
0784
-20-
1H
erbi
cide
–Su
lfony
lure
a28
,675
No
AL,
Pre
d SW
––
Hex
azin
one
5123
5-04
-2H
erbi
cide
–Tr
iazi
nedi
one
287,
895
Yes
AL,
Pre
d SW
SW–A
G–
Hyd
roxy
acet
ochl
or60
090-
47-3
Deg
rada
teA
ceto
chlo
rC
hlor
oace
tani
lide
degr
adat
e–
Yes
––
DEG
Results and Discussion 27
Tabl
e 4.
Ti
er 1
and
sel
ecte
d Ti
er 2
pes
ticid
es a
nd d
egra
date
s in
wat
er, a
nd re
ason
s fo
r tie
r pla
cem
ent.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Abb
revi
atio
ns:
AG
, agr
icul
tura
l; A
L, a
quat
ic-li
fe; B
Q, b
ench
mar
k qu
otie
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
CL3
, Thi
rd C
onta
min
ant C
andi
date
Lis
t (U
SEPA
); D
EG, d
egra
date
of T
ier 1
par
ent p
estic
ide;
DF,
det
ectio
n fr
e-qu
ency
; GW
, gro
undw
ater
; HH
, hum
an-h
ealth
; MC
L, M
axim
um C
onta
min
ant L
evel
(USE
PA);
Mea
s, m
easu
red
conc
entra
tion;
NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s (U
SEPA
); Pr
ed, p
redi
cted
co
ncen
tratio
n; S
W, s
urfa
ce w
ater
; UR
, urb
an; U
SEPA
, U.S
. Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy;
USG
S, U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey;
µg/
L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; –,
non
e]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S
Regi
stry
N
umbe
r
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e
type
/use
Prim
ary
pa
rent
pe
stic
ide
(if d
egra
date
)
Chem
ical
cl
ass
Nat
iona
l ag
ricu
ltura
l pe
stic
ide
use
(200
7)
(in p
ound
s)
On
a U
SGS
an
alyt
ical
m
etho
d fo
r w
ater
?
1 B
Q re
ason
fo
r Tie
r 1D
F re
ason
fo
r Tie
r 1
Oth
er o
r re
gula
tory
re
ason
for
Tier
Tier
1–C
ontin
ued
Hyd
roxy
alac
hlor
NAV
Deg
rada
teA
lach
lor
Chl
oroa
ceta
nilid
e de
grad
ate
–Ye
s–
–D
EG
Hyd
roxy
dim
etha
nam
idN
AVD
egra
date
Dim
ethe
nam
idA
mid
e de
grad
ate
–Ye
s–
–D
EGH
ydro
xym
etol
achl
or13
1068
-72-
9D
egra
date
Met
olac
hlor
Chl
oroa
ceta
nilid
e de
grad
ate
–Ye
s–
SW–A
G–
Hyd
roxy
sim
azin
e25
99-1
1-3
Deg
rada
teSi
maz
ine
Tria
zine
–Ye
s–
–D
EGIm
azam
ox11
4311
-32-
9H
erbi
cide
–Im
idaz
olin
one
58,0
14N
oA
L, P
red
SW–
–Im
azaq
uin
8133
5-37
-7H
erbi
cide
–Im
idaz
olin
one
41,3
70Ye
s–
SW–A
G;
SW–U
R–
Imaz
etha
pyr
8133
5-77
-5H
erbi
cide
–Im
idaz
olin
one
206,
700
Yes
–SW
–AG
–Im
idac
lopr
id13
8261
-41-
3In
sect
icid
e–
Neo
nico
tinoi
d45
0,44
9Ye
sA
L, P
red
SW–
–In
doxa
carb
1735
84-4
4-6
Inse
ctic
ide
–O
xadi
azin
e 46
,967
No
AL,
Pre
d SW
––
Ipro
dion
e36
734-
19-7
Fung
icid
e–
Dic
arbo
xim
ide
500,
834
Yes
HH
, Pre
d SW
––
Isox
aflut
ole
1411
12-2
9-0
Her
bici
de–
Isox
azol
e22
5,07
1Ye
sA
L, P
red
SW–
–K
reso
xim
-met
hyl
1433
90-8
9-0
Fung
icid
e–
Stro
bin
27,6
90Ye
sA
L, P
red
SW–
–Li
nuro
n33
0-55
-2H
erbi
cide
–U
rea
318,
944
Yes
AL,
Pre
d SW
; A
L, M
eas S
W–
–
Mal
aoxo
n16
34-7
8-2
Deg
rada
teM
alat
hion
Org
anot
hio-
ph
osph
ate
–Ye
sA
L, P
red
SW–
–
Mal
athi
on12
1-75
-5In
sect
icid
e–
Org
anot
hio-
ph
osph
ate
949,
590
Yes
AL,
Mea
s SW
SW–U
R–
Man
eb12
427-
38-2
Fung
icid
e–
Dith
ioca
rbam
ate
2,32
6,67
5N
oA
L, P
red
SW–
–M
BC
(Car
bend
azim
)10
605-
21-7
Deg
rada
teTh
ioph
anat
e m
ethy
lB
enzi
mid
azol
e–
No
AL,
Pre
d SW
––
MC
PA(2
-Met
hyl-4
-chl
orop
heno
xyac
etic
ac
id)
94-7
4-6
Her
bici
de–
Chl
orop
heno
xy
acid
2,96
7,71
5Ye
sA
L, P
red
SW;
HH
, Pre
d SW
SW–U
R–
Met
alax
yl57
837-
19-1
Fung
icid
e–
Subs
titut
ed
dim
ethy
l an
iline
4,83
4Ye
s–
SW–A
G–
28 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
4.
Tier
1 a
nd s
elec
ted
Tier
2 p
estic
ides
and
deg
rada
tes
in w
ater
, and
reas
ons
for t
ier p
lace
men
t.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Abb
revi
atio
ns:
AG
, agr
icul
tura
l; A
L, a
quat
ic-li
fe; B
Q, b
ench
mar
k qu
otie
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
CL3
, Thi
rd C
onta
min
ant C
andi
date
Lis
t (U
SEPA
); D
EG, d
egra
date
of T
ier 1
par
ent p
estic
ide;
DF,
det
ectio
n fr
e-qu
ency
; GW
, gro
undw
ater
; HH
, hum
an-h
ealth
; MC
L, M
axim
um C
onta
min
ant L
evel
(USE
PA);
Mea
s, m
easu
red
conc
entra
tion;
NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s (U
SEPA
); Pr
ed, p
redi
cted
co
ncen
tratio
n; S
W, s
urfa
ce w
ater
; UR
, urb
an; U
SEPA
, U.S
. Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy;
USG
S, U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey;
µg/
L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; –,
non
e]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S
Regi
stry
N
umbe
r
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e
type
/use
Prim
ary
pa
rent
pe
stic
ide
(if d
egra
date
)
Chem
ical
cl
ass
Nat
iona
l ag
ricu
ltura
l pe
stic
ide
use
(200
7)
(in p
ound
s)
On
a U
SGS
an
alyt
ical
m
etho
d fo
r w
ater
?
1 B
Q re
ason
fo
r Tie
r 1D
F re
ason
fo
r Tie
r 1
Oth
er o
r re
gula
tory
re
ason
for
Tier
Tier
1–C
ontin
ued
Met
am so
dium
137-
42-8
Fum
igan
t/
herb
icid
e/
fung
icid
e/
mic
robi
ocid
e/
alga
ecid
e
–D
ithio
carb
amat
e53
,197
,744
No
AL,
Pre
d SW
––
Met
cona
zole
1251
16-2
3-6
Fung
icid
e–
Con
azol
e1,
189
Yes
AL,
Pre
d SW
––
Met
ham
idop
hos
1026
5-92
-6In
sect
icid
e–
Org
anot
hio-
ph
osph
ate
157,
672
No
AL,
Pre
d SW
––
Met
hida
thio
n95
0-37
-8In
sect
icid
e–
Org
anot
hio-
ph
osph
ate
29,1
75Ye
sA
L, P
red
SW;
HH
, Pre
d SW
––
Met
hom
yl16
752-
77-5
Inse
ctic
ide
–C
arba
mat
e82
7,44
9Ye
sA
L, P
red
SW;
AL,
Mea
s SW
––
Met
hom
yl-o
xim
e13
749-
94-5
Deg
rada
teM
etho
myl
Car
bam
ate
de
grad
ate–
ox
ime
–N
o–
–D
EG
Met
hoxy
chlo
r72
-43-
5In
sect
icid
e–
Org
anoc
hlor
ine
4,21
0N
oA
L, P
red
SW–
–M
etho
xyfe
nozi
de16
1050
-58-
4In
sect
icid
e–
Dia
cylh
ydra
zine
21
5,54
0N
oA
L, P
red
SW–
–M
etol
achl
or51
218-
45-2
Her
bici
de–
Chl
oroa
ceta
nilid
e1,
511,
992
Yes
AL,
Pre
d SW
; A
L, M
eas S
WSW
–AG
; SW
–UR
; G
W–A
G
–
Met
olac
hlor
ESA
1711
18-0
9-5
Deg
rada
teM
etol
achl
orA
ceta
nilid
e
degr
adat
e–
sulfo
nic
acid
–Ye
s–
SW–A
G;
GW
–AG
; G
W–U
R
–
Met
olac
hlor
OA
1520
19-7
3-3
Deg
rada
teM
etol
achl
orA
ceta
nilid
e
degr
adat
e–
oxan
ilic
acid
–Ye
s–
SW–A
G;
GW
–AG
; G
W–U
R
–
Met
ribuz
in21
087-
64-9
Her
bici
de–
Tria
zino
ne1,
373,
567
Yes
AL,
Pre
d SW
; H
H, P
red
SW;
AL,
Mea
s SW
SW–A
G–
Mol
inat
e22
12-6
7-1
Her
bici
de–
Thio
carb
amat
e42
4,05
1Ye
sH
H, P
red
SW;
AL,
Mea
s SW
; H
H, M
eas S
W
SW–A
G–
Myc
lobu
tani
l88
671-
89-0
Fung
icid
e–
Con
azol
e11
1,65
3Ye
s–
SW–U
R–
Results and Discussion 29
Tabl
e 4.
Ti
er 1
and
sel
ecte
d Ti
er 2
pes
ticid
es a
nd d
egra
date
s in
wat
er, a
nd re
ason
s fo
r tie
r pla
cem
ent.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Abb
revi
atio
ns:
AG
, agr
icul
tura
l; A
L, a
quat
ic-li
fe; B
Q, b
ench
mar
k qu
otie
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
CL3
, Thi
rd C
onta
min
ant C
andi
date
Lis
t (U
SEPA
); D
EG, d
egra
date
of T
ier 1
par
ent p
estic
ide;
DF,
det
ectio
n fr
e-qu
ency
; GW
, gro
undw
ater
; HH
, hum
an-h
ealth
; MC
L, M
axim
um C
onta
min
ant L
evel
(USE
PA);
Mea
s, m
easu
red
conc
entra
tion;
NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s (U
SEPA
); Pr
ed, p
redi
cted
co
ncen
tratio
n; S
W, s
urfa
ce w
ater
; UR
, urb
an; U
SEPA
, U.S
. Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy;
USG
S, U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey;
µg/
L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; –,
non
e]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S
Regi
stry
N
umbe
r
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e
type
/use
Prim
ary
pa
rent
pe
stic
ide
(if d
egra
date
)
Chem
ical
cl
ass
Nat
iona
l ag
ricu
ltura
l pe
stic
ide
use
(200
7)
(in p
ound
s)
On
a U
SGS
an
alyt
ical
m
etho
d fo
r w
ater
?
1 B
Q re
ason
fo
r Tie
r 1D
F re
ason
fo
r Tie
r 1
Oth
er o
r re
gula
tory
re
ason
for
Tier
Tier
1–C
ontin
ued
Nal
ed30
0-76
-5In
sect
icid
e–
Org
anop
hosp
hate
88,5
74N
oA
L, P
red
SW–
–N
icos
ulfu
ron
1119
91-0
9-4
Her
bici
de–
Sulfo
nylu
rea
103,
804
Yes
–SW
–AG
–N
orflu
razo
n27
314-
13-2
Her
bici
de–
Pyrid
azin
one
487,
515
Yes
AL,
Pre
d SW
; A
L, M
eas S
W;
HH
, Mea
s SW
; H
H, M
eas G
W
––
Nov
alur
on11
6714
-46-
6H
erbi
cide
–B
enzo
ylur
ea34
,523
No
AL,
Pre
d SW
––
O-E
thyl
-O-m
ethy
l-S-
prop
ylph
osph
orot
hioa
te76
960-
87-7
Deg
rada
teEt
hopr
opO
rgan
othi
o-ph
os-
phat
e–
No
––
DEG
Ory
zalin
1904
4-88
-3H
erbi
cide
–D
initr
oani
line
1,92
9,46
2Ye
sH
H, P
red
SW;
AL,
Mea
s SW
––
Oxa
myl
2313
5-22
-0In
sect
icid
e–
Car
bam
ate
815,
705
Yes
AL,
Pre
d SW
––
Oxa
myl
oxi
me
3055
8-43
-1D
egra
date
Oxa
myl
Car
bam
ate
de
grad
ate–
ox
ime
–N
oA
L, P
red
SW–
–
Oxy
fluor
fen
4287
4-03
-3H
erbi
cide
–D
iphe
nyl e
ther
1,15
4,91
4Ye
sA
L, P
red
SW–
–p,
pʹ-D
DE
(p,p
ʹ-Dic
hlor
odip
heny
l-di
chlo
roet
hyle
ne)
72-5
5-9
Deg
rada
tep,
pʹ-D
DT
Org
anoc
hlor
ine
–Ye
sA
L, M
eas S
W;
HH
, Mea
s SW
; H
H, M
eas G
W
––
Para
oxon
-met
hyl
950-
35-6
Deg
rada
tePa
rath
ion-
m
ethy
lO
rgan
othi
o-
phos
phat
e–
Yes
AL,
Pre
d SW
––
Para
quat
4685
-14-
7H
erbi
cide
–B
ipyr
idyl
ium
2,94
9,75
1N
oA
L, P
red
SW–
–Pa
rath
ion-
met
hyl
298-
00-0
Inse
ctic
ide
–O
rgan
othi
o-
phos
phat
e57
6,94
4Ye
sA
L, P
red
SW;
HH
, Pre
d SW
; A
L, M
eas S
W
––
Pend
imet
halin
4048
7-42
-1H
erbi
cide
–D
initr
oani
line
8,19
3,32
9Ye
sA
L, P
red
SW;
AL,
Mea
s SW
SW–U
R–
Perm
ethr
in52
645-
53-1
Inse
ctic
ide
–Py
reth
roid
287,
998
Yes
AL,
Pre
d SW
––
Phor
ate
298-
02-2
Inse
ctic
ide
–O
rgan
othi
o-
phos
phat
e1,
023,
804
Yes
AL,
Pre
d SW
; H
H, P
red
SW–
–
Phor
ate
oxon
2600
-69-
3D
egra
date
Phor
ate
Org
anot
hio-
ph
osph
ate
–Ye
s–
–D
EG
30 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
4.
Tier
1 a
nd s
elec
ted
Tier
2 p
estic
ides
and
deg
rada
tes
in w
ater
, and
reas
ons
for t
ier p
lace
men
t.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Abb
revi
atio
ns:
AG
, agr
icul
tura
l; A
L, a
quat
ic-li
fe; B
Q, b
ench
mar
k qu
otie
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
CL3
, Thi
rd C
onta
min
ant C
andi
date
Lis
t (U
SEPA
); D
EG, d
egra
date
of T
ier 1
par
ent p
estic
ide;
DF,
det
ectio
n fr
e-qu
ency
; GW
, gro
undw
ater
; HH
, hum
an-h
ealth
; MC
L, M
axim
um C
onta
min
ant L
evel
(USE
PA);
Mea
s, m
easu
red
conc
entra
tion;
NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s (U
SEPA
); Pr
ed, p
redi
cted
co
ncen
tratio
n; S
W, s
urfa
ce w
ater
; UR
, urb
an; U
SEPA
, U.S
. Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy;
USG
S, U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey;
µg/
L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; –,
non
e]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S
Regi
stry
N
umbe
r
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e
type
/use
Prim
ary
pa
rent
pe
stic
ide
(if d
egra
date
)
Chem
ical
cl
ass
Nat
iona
l ag
ricu
ltura
l pe
stic
ide
use
(200
7)
(in p
ound
s)
On
a U
SGS
an
alyt
ical
m
etho
d fo
r w
ater
?
1 B
Q re
ason
fo
r Tie
r 1D
F re
ason
fo
r Tie
r 1
Oth
er o
r re
gula
tory
re
ason
for
Tier
Tier
1–C
ontin
ued
Phos
met
732-
11-6
Inse
ctic
ide
–O
rgan
othi
o-
phos
phat
e1,
230,
014
Yes
AL,
Pre
d SW
––
Phos
met
oxo
n37
35-3
3-9
Deg
rada
tePh
osm
etO
rgan
othi
o-ph
osph
ate
–Ye
s–
–D
EG
Pipe
rony
l but
oxid
e51
-03-
6Sy
nerg
ist
–N
AV38
,808
Yes
AL,
Pre
d SW
––
Prof
enof
os41
198-
08-7
Inse
ctic
ide
–O
rgan
othi
o-
phos
phat
e21
,737
No
AL,
Pre
d SW
; H
H, P
red
SW;
HH
, Pre
d G
W
––
Prom
eton
1610
-18-
0H
erbi
cide
–Tr
iazi
ne0
Yes
AL,
Mea
s SW
SW–A
G;
SW–U
R;
GW
–AG
; G
W–U
R
–
Prom
etry
n72
87-1
9-6
Her
bici
de–
Tria
zine
629,
255
Yes
AL,
Pre
d SW
SW–A
G–
Pron
amid
e23
950-
58-5
Her
bici
de–
Am
ide
230,
075
Yes
HH
, Pre
d SW
; H
H, M
eas S
W–
–
Prop
anil
709-
98-8
Her
bici
de–
Ace
tani
lide
5,46
8,30
2Ye
sA
L, P
red
SW;
HH
, Pre
d SW
; A
L, M
eas S
W
––
Prop
argi
te23
12-3
5-8
Inse
ctic
ide
–Su
lfite
est
er1,
129,
078
Yes
HH
, Pre
d SW
; A
L, M
eas S
W;
HH
, Mea
s SW
––
Prop
azin
e13
9-40
-2H
erbi
cide
–Tr
iazi
ne70
,014
Yes
–SW
–AG
–Pr
opic
onaz
ole
6020
7-90
-1Fu
ngic
ide
–C
onaz
ole
751,
207
Yes
AL,
Pre
d SW
––
Prop
oxur
114-
26-1
Inse
ctic
ide
–C
arba
mat
e0
Yes
AL,
Mea
s SW
––
Pros
ulfu
ron
9412
5-34
-5H
erbi
cide
–Su
lfony
lure
a16
,968
No
AL,
Pre
d SW
––
Pym
etro
zine
1233
12-8
9-0
Inse
ctic
ide
–Py
ridin
e
azom
ethi
nes
8,15
2N
oA
L, P
red
SW–
–
Pyra
clos
trobi
n17
5013
-18-
0Fu
ngic
ide
–St
robi
n1,
430,
693
Yes
AL,
Pre
d SW
––
Pyre
thrin
s80
03-3
4-7
Inse
ctic
ide
–B
otan
ical
6,37
8N
oA
L, P
red
SW–
–Py
ridab
en96
489-
71-3
Inse
ctic
ide
–Py
ridaz
inon
e17
,377
No
AL,
Pre
d SW
––
RPA
202
248
1437
01-7
5-1
Deg
rada
teIs
oxafl
utol
eIs
oxaz
ole
de
grad
ate
–N
o–
–D
EG
Results and Discussion 31
Tabl
e 4.
Ti
er 1
and
sel
ecte
d Ti
er 2
pes
ticid
es a
nd d
egra
date
s in
wat
er, a
nd re
ason
s fo
r tie
r pla
cem
ent.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Abb
revi
atio
ns:
AG
, agr
icul
tura
l; A
L, a
quat
ic-li
fe; B
Q, b
ench
mar
k qu
otie
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
CL3
, Thi
rd C
onta
min
ant C
andi
date
Lis
t (U
SEPA
); D
EG, d
egra
date
of T
ier 1
par
ent p
estic
ide;
DF,
det
ectio
n fr
e-qu
ency
; GW
, gro
undw
ater
; HH
, hum
an-h
ealth
; MC
L, M
axim
um C
onta
min
ant L
evel
(USE
PA);
Mea
s, m
easu
red
conc
entra
tion;
NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s (U
SEPA
); Pr
ed, p
redi
cted
co
ncen
tratio
n; S
W, s
urfa
ce w
ater
; UR
, urb
an; U
SEPA
, U.S
. Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy;
USG
S, U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey;
µg/
L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; –,
non
e]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S
Regi
stry
N
umbe
r
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e
type
/use
Prim
ary
pa
rent
pe
stic
ide
(if d
egra
date
)
Chem
ical
cl
ass
Nat
iona
l ag
ricu
ltura
l pe
stic
ide
use
(200
7)
(in p
ound
s)
On
a U
SGS
an
alyt
ical
m
etho
d fo
r w
ater
?
1 B
Q re
ason
fo
r Tie
r 1D
F re
ason
fo
r Tie
r 1
Oth
er o
r re
gula
tory
re
ason
for
Tier
Tier
1–C
ontin
ued
RPA
203
328
1429
94-0
6-7
Deg
rada
teIs
oxafl
utol
eIs
oxaz
ole
de
grad
ate
–N
o–
–D
EG
Sidu
ron
1982
-49-
6H
erbi
cide
–U
rea
–Ye
s–
SW–U
R–
Sim
azin
e12
2-34
-9H
erbi
cide
–Tr
iazi
ne6,
307,
887
Yes
AL,
Pre
d SW
; H
H, P
red
SW;
AL,
Mea
s SW
; H
H, M
eas S
W;
HH
, Mea
s GW
SW–A
G;
SW–U
R;
GW
–AG
G
W–U
R
–
S-M
etol
achl
or87
392-
12-9
Her
bici
de–
Chl
oroa
ceta
nilid
e32
,089
,113
Yes
AL,
Pre
d SW
––
Sulfo
met
uron
-met
hyl
7422
2-97
-2H
erbi
cide
–Su
lfony
lure
a0
Yes
–SW
–UR
–Su
lfosu
lfuro
n14
1776
-32-
1H
erbi
cide
–Su
lfony
lure
a18
,398
No
AL,
Pre
d SW
––
TCPS
A(T
richl
orop
rope
ne su
lfoni
c ac
id)
6560
0-62
-6D
egra
date
Tria
llate
Sulfo
nic
ac
id e
ster
–N
o–
–D
EG
Tebu
cona
zole
10
7534
-96-
3Fu
ngic
ide
–C
onaz
ole
473,
347
Yes
–SW
–UR
–Te
bupi
rimfo
s96
182-
53-5
Inse
ctic
ide
–O
rgan
othi
o-
phos
phat
e45
5,31
6N
oA
L, P
red
SW–
–
Tebu
pirim
fos o
xyge
n an
alog
ueN
AVD
egra
date
Tebu
pirim
phos
Org
anop
hosp
hate
–N
o–
–D
EGTe
buth
iuro
n34
014-
18-1
Her
bici
de–
Ure
a2,
324
Yes
AL,
Mea
s SW
SW–A
G;
SW–U
R–
Teflu
thrin
7953
8-32
-2In
sect
icid
e–
Pyre
thro
id46
9,69
6Ye
sA
L, P
red
SW–
–Te
fluth
rin m
etab
olite
[R 1
1936
4]N
AVD
egra
date
Teflu
thrin
Pyre
thro
id–
No
––
DEG
Teflu
thrin
met
abol
ite [R
152
912]
NAV
Deg
rada
teTe
fluth
rinPy
reth
roid
–N
o–
–D
EGTe
rbac
il59
02-5
1-2
Her
bici
de–
Ura
cil
44,9
83Ye
sA
L, P
red
SW–
–Te
rbuf
os13
071-
79-9
Inse
ctic
ide
–O
rgan
othi
o-
phos
phat
e81
1,75
5Ye
sA
L, P
red
SW;
HH
, Pre
d SW
; H
H, P
red
GW
––
Terb
ufos
sulfo
ne56
070-
16-7
Deg
rada
teTe
rbuf
osO
rgan
othi
o-
phos
phat
e–
Yes
AL,
Pre
d SW
––
Terb
ufos
-O-a
nalo
gue
sulfo
ne56
070-
15-6
Deg
rada
teTe
rbuf
osO
rgan
othi
o-
phos
phat
e–
Yes
––
DEG
Terb
uthy
lazi
ne59
15-4
1-3
Her
bici
de–
Tria
zine
–Ye
s–
SW–U
R–
Tetra
cona
zole
1122
81-7
7-3
Fung
icid
e–
Con
azol
e80
,011
Yes
AL,
Pre
d SW
––
32 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
4.
Tier
1 a
nd s
elec
ted
Tier
2 p
estic
ides
and
deg
rada
tes
in w
ater
, and
reas
ons
for t
ier p
lace
men
t.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Abb
revi
atio
ns:
AG
, agr
icul
tura
l; A
L, a
quat
ic-li
fe; B
Q, b
ench
mar
k qu
otie
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
CL3
, Thi
rd C
onta
min
ant C
andi
date
Lis
t (U
SEPA
); D
EG, d
egra
date
of T
ier 1
par
ent p
estic
ide;
DF,
det
ectio
n fr
e-qu
ency
; GW
, gro
undw
ater
; HH
, hum
an-h
ealth
; MC
L, M
axim
um C
onta
min
ant L
evel
(USE
PA);
Mea
s, m
easu
red
conc
entra
tion;
NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s (U
SEPA
); Pr
ed, p
redi
cted
co
ncen
tratio
n; S
W, s
urfa
ce w
ater
; UR
, urb
an; U
SEPA
, U.S
. Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy;
USG
S, U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey;
µg/
L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; –,
non
e]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S
Regi
stry
N
umbe
r
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e
type
/use
Prim
ary
pa
rent
pe
stic
ide
(if d
egra
date
)
Chem
ical
cl
ass
Nat
iona
l ag
ricu
ltura
l pe
stic
ide
use
(200
7)
(in p
ound
s)
On
a U
SGS
an
alyt
ical
m
etho
d fo
r w
ater
?
1 B
Q re
ason
fo
r Tie
r 1D
F re
ason
fo
r Tie
r 1
Oth
er o
r re
gula
tory
re
ason
for
Tier
Tier
1–C
ontin
ued
Thio
benc
arb
2824
9-77
-6H
erbi
cide
–Th
ioca
rbam
ate
449,
712
Yes
AL,
Pre
d SW
; A
L, M
eas S
W–
–
tran
s-M
ethy
l-3-(
2,2-
dich
loro
viny
l)-
2,2-
dim
ethy
l-(1-
cycl
opro
pane
)-ca
rbox
ylat
e
t618
98-9
5-1
Deg
rada
teC
yflut
hrin
Alip
hatic
ac
id e
ster
–N
o–
–D
EG
tran
s-Pr
opic
onaz
ole
t602
07-9
0-1
Fung
icid
e–
Con
azol
e–
Yes
–SW
–AG
; SW
–UR
–
Tria
llate
2303
-17-
5H
erbi
cide
–Th
ioca
rbam
ate
282,
642
Yes
AL,
Mea
s SW
––
Trib
enur
on-m
ethy
l10
1200
-48-
0H
erbi
cide
–Su
lfony
lure
a50
,079
No
HH
, Pre
d G
W–
–Tr
ibup
hos
78-4
8-8
Def
olia
nt–
Org
anot
hio-
ph
osph
ate
2,54
3,02
0Ye
sA
L, P
red
SW–
–
Tric
lopy
r55
335-
06-3
Her
bici
de–
Chl
orop
yrid
inyl
919,
495
Yes
AL,
Pre
d SW
; A
L, M
eas S
W–
–
Trifl
oxys
trobi
n14
1517
-21-
7Fu
ngic
ide
–St
robi
n20
8,44
6Ye
sA
L, P
red
SW–
–Tr
iflur
alin
1582
-09-
8H
erbi
cide
–D
initr
oani
line
5,63
8,38
0Ye
sA
L, P
red
SW;
AL,
Mea
s SW
SW–A
G;
SW–U
R–
Zira
m13
7-30
-4Fu
ngic
ide
–D
ithio
carb
amat
e,
inor
gani
c1,
835,
781
No
AL,
Pre
d SW
––
Tier
22,
4,5-
TP(2
-[2,
4,5-
Tric
hlor
ophe
noxy
] pr
opio
nic
acid
)
93-7
2-1
Her
bici
de–
Chl
orop
heno
xy
acid
–N
o–
–M
CL
Ben
sulid
e74
1-58
-2H
erbi
cide
–O
rgan
opho
s-ph
orou
s69
5,90
8N
o–
–C
CL3
Cap
tan
133-
06-2
Fung
icid
e–
Phth
alim
ide
2,47
8,91
7N
o–
–C
CL3
Chl
orda
ne57
-74-
9In
sect
icid
e–
Org
anoc
hlor
ine
–N
o–
–M
CL
Cle
thod
im99
129-
21-2
Her
bici
de–
Cyc
lohe
xano
ne
deriv
ativ
e27
9,05
5N
o–
–C
CL3
Dim
ethi
pin
5529
0-64
-7Pl
ant g
row
th
regu
lato
r/
defo
liant
–U
ncla
ssifi
ed6,
876
No
––
CC
L3
Din
oseb
88-8
5-7
Her
bici
de–
Nitr
ophe
nol
0Ye
s–
–M
CL
Results and Discussion 33
Tabl
e 4.
Ti
er 1
and
sel
ecte
d Ti
er 2
pes
ticid
es a
nd d
egra
date
s in
wat
er, a
nd re
ason
s fo
r tie
r pla
cem
ent.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Abb
revi
atio
ns:
AG
, agr
icul
tura
l; A
L, a
quat
ic-li
fe; B
Q, b
ench
mar
k qu
otie
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
CL3
, Thi
rd C
onta
min
ant C
andi
date
Lis
t (U
SEPA
); D
EG, d
egra
date
of T
ier 1
par
ent p
estic
ide;
DF,
det
ectio
n fr
e-qu
ency
; GW
, gro
undw
ater
; HH
, hum
an-h
ealth
; MC
L, M
axim
um C
onta
min
ant L
evel
(USE
PA);
Mea
s, m
easu
red
conc
entra
tion;
NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s (U
SEPA
); Pr
ed, p
redi
cted
co
ncen
tratio
n; S
W, s
urfa
ce w
ater
; UR
, urb
an; U
SEPA
, U.S
. Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy;
USG
S, U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey;
µg/
L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; –,
non
e]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S
Regi
stry
N
umbe
r
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e
type
/use
Prim
ary
pa
rent
pe
stic
ide
(if d
egra
date
)
Chem
ical
cl
ass
Nat
iona
l ag
ricu
ltura
l pe
stic
ide
use
(200
7)
(in p
ound
s)
On
a U
SGS
an
alyt
ical
m
etho
d fo
r w
ater
?
1 B
Q re
ason
fo
r Tie
r 1D
F re
ason
fo
r Tie
r 1
Oth
er o
r re
gula
tory
re
ason
for
Tier
Tier
2–C
ontin
ued
Endr
in72
-20-
8In
sect
icid
e/
avic
ide
–O
rgan
ochl
orin
e–
No
––
MC
L
Ethy
lene
thio
urea
(ETU
)96
-45-
7D
egra
date
Met
iram
Dith
ioca
rbam
ate
–N
o–
–C
CL3
Hep
tach
lor
76-4
4-8
Inse
ctic
ide
–O
rgan
ochl
orin
e–
No
––
MC
LH
epta
chlo
r epo
xide
1024
-57-
3D
egra
date
Hep
tach
lor
Org
anoc
hlor
ine
–N
o–
–M
CL
Oxy
dem
eton
-met
hyl
301-
12-2
Inse
ctic
ide
–O
rgan
opho
spha
te15
3,67
7N
o–
–C
CL3
Picl
oram
1918
-02-
1H
erbi
cide
–Pi
colin
ic a
cid
1,01
8,72
1Ye
s–
–M
CL
Tebu
feno
zide
111
2410
-23-
8In
sect
icid
e–
Dia
cylh
ydra
zine
37,6
65N
o–
–C
CL3
Thio
dica
rb59
669-
26-0
Inse
ctic
ide
–C
arba
mat
e15
1,49
8N
o–
–C
CL3
Thio
phan
ate
met
hyl
2356
4-05
-8Fu
ngic
ide
–B
enzi
mid
azol
e
prec
urso
r46
5,45
1N
o–
–C
CL3
Toxa
phen
e80
01-3
5-2
Inse
ctic
ide/
ac
aric
ide
–O
rgan
ochl
orin
e–
No
––
MC
L
Vin
cloz
olin
5047
1-44
-8Fu
ngic
ide
–D
icar
boxi
mid
e4,
587
Yes
––
CC
L3
1 New
ly re
leas
ed O
PP A
L be
nchm
arks
(Sep
tem
ber 2
010)
incl
ude
new
or r
evis
ed b
ench
mar
ks fo
r 6 c
ompo
unds
in T
ier 2
(orth
osul
fam
uron
, sul
fent
razo
ne a
nd te
bufe
nozi
de) o
r Tie
r 3 (b
utyl
ate,
lact
ofen
and
py
ripro
xife
n). I
f the
upd
ated
ben
chm
arks
had
bee
n av
aila
ble
whe
n th
e pr
iorit
izat
ion
was
per
form
ed, t
hese
com
poun
ds w
ould
hav
e be
en p
lace
d in
Tie
r 1 o
n th
e ba
sis o
f pre
dict
ed c
once
ntra
tions
in st
ream
s. B
ecau
se o
f thi
s, th
ese
com
poun
ds w
ere
adde
d to
the
list o
f pes
ticid
e co
mpo
unds
USG
S is
eva
luat
ing
for i
nclu
sion
in a
naly
tical
met
hods
.2 I
nclu
ded
in T
ier 1
bec
ause
com
poun
d is
rela
ted
to T
ier 1
com
poun
d.3 D
icof
ol w
as e
valu
ated
usi
ng a
n A
L be
nchm
ark
base
d on
a U
SEPA
OPP
chr
onic
fish
toxi
city
val
ue o
f 1 μ
g/L,
resu
lting
in a
n A
L B
Q fo
r pre
dict
ed c
once
ntra
tions
in st
ream
s gre
ater
than
0.0
1. N
ewly
rele
ased
O
PP A
L be
nchm
arks
(Sep
tem
ber 2
010)
incl
ude
a ch
roni
c fis
h be
nchm
ark
of 4
.4 μ
g/L.
The
resu
lting
BQ
usi
ng th
e ne
w b
ench
mar
k is
less
than
0.0
1. B
ecau
se th
is is
the
only
reas
on d
icof
ol w
as p
lace
d in
Tie
r 1,
its p
riorit
y w
ould
hav
e be
en lo
wer
(Tie
r 3) i
f the
upd
ated
ben
chm
arks
had
bee
n av
aila
ble
whe
n th
e pr
iorit
izat
ion
was
per
form
ed.
4 End
otha
ll w
as e
valu
ated
usi
ng a
n A
L be
nchm
ark
base
d on
a U
SEPA
OPP
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
toxi
city
val
ue o
f 1.9
μg/
L, re
sulti
ng in
an
AL
BQ
for p
redi
cted
con
cent
ratio
ns in
stre
ams g
reat
er th
an
0.01
. New
ly re
leas
ed O
PP A
L be
nchm
arks
(Sep
tem
ber 2
010)
incl
ude
a ch
roni
c fis
h be
nchm
ark
of 1
,300
μg/
L fo
r end
otha
ll ac
id (h
owev
er th
ere
are
low
er b
ench
mar
k va
lues
for o
ther
form
ulat
ions
of e
ndot
hall,
in
clud
ing
a ch
roni
c in
verte
brat
e be
nchm
ark
of 2
.3 μ
g/L
for t
he N
,N-d
imet
hyla
lkyl
amin
e sa
lt). T
he re
sulti
ng B
Q u
sing
the
new
ben
chm
ark
for e
ndot
hall
is le
ss th
an 0
.01.
Bec
ause
this
is th
e on
ly re
ason
end
otha
ll w
as p
lace
d in
Tie
r 1, i
ts p
riorit
y w
ould
hav
e be
en lo
wer
(Tie
r 2 b
ecau
se it
has
an
MC
L fo
r drin
king
wat
er) i
f the
upd
ated
ben
chm
arks
had
bee
n av
aila
ble
whe
n th
e pr
iorit
izat
ion
was
per
form
ed.
5 Flu
mic
lora
c w
as e
valu
ated
usi
ng a
n A
L be
nchm
ark
base
d on
a c
hron
ic fi
sh to
xici
ty v
alue
of 1
.49
μg/L
, est
imat
ed fr
om E
CO
SAR
, res
ultin
g in
an
AL
BQ
for p
redi
cted
con
cent
ratio
ns in
stre
ams g
reat
er th
an
0.01
. New
ly re
leas
ed O
PP A
L be
nchm
arks
(Sep
tem
ber 2
010)
incl
ude
an a
cute
fish
ben
chm
ark
of 5
50 μ
g/L
for fl
umic
lora
c-pe
ntyl
. The
resu
lting
BQ
usi
ng th
e ne
w b
ench
mar
k is
less
than
0.0
1. B
ecau
se th
is is
th
e on
ly re
ason
flum
iclo
rac
was
pla
ced
in T
ier 1
, its
prio
rity
wou
ld h
ave
been
low
er (T
ier 3
) if t
he u
pdat
ed b
ench
mar
ks h
ad b
een
avai
labl
e w
hen
the
prio
ritiz
atio
n w
as p
erfo
rmed
.
34 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods Development
A total of 97 pesticide compounds did not meet the crite-ria for Tier 1, but were placed in Tier 2 because of importance to other agencies or organizations. These compounds could be worth consideration as future target analytes, depending on the objectives and design of monitoring programs. The remaining 275 pesticide compounds were not identified as analytical pri-orities at this time and were assigned to Tier 3. A complete list of pesticide compounds for water, arranged by tier, is included in appendix 3.
Basis for High Priority for Pesticide Compounds in Water
According to the flow chart summarizing the prioritiza-tion procedure for water in figure 2, Tier 1 analytes include pesticide compounds with BQs for aquatic life greater than 0.01 in surface water, BQs for human health greater than 0.01 in surface water or groundwater, or measured detection fre-quencies greater than 10 percent in surface water or ground-water. BQs from both measured and predicted occurrence and detection frequencies for Tier 1 pesticide compounds are listed in table 5.
Figure 4 illustrates the criteria used to select high-priority pesticide compounds for water (also see table 4). About half of the compounds are in Tier 1 solely on the basis of a BQ, either
aquatic life or human health, or both, and 17 percent of Tier 1 compounds are high priority because of frequent occurrence in past monitoring alone. Degradates that were included in Tier 1 because their parent pesticide was high priority compose 21 percent of the total.
Counts summarizing the number and percentage of compounds that met each of the criteria for Tier 1 are tallied in table 6. More compounds exceeded the detection-frequency and BQ criteria for surface water than groundwater. The largest share of Tier 1 compounds consists of those whose predicted occurrence in surface water exceeded the 0.01 BQ threshold for aquatic life. Substantial numbers of compounds also exceeded the detection-frequency criterion for surface water or were degradates of Tier 1 parent compounds (table 6 and fig. 4). Several pesticide compounds met the BQ criteria for both aquatic life and human health and for both surface water and groundwater (table 4).
Detection-frequency distributions for each of the four datasets evaluated—surface water and groundwater in agricultural and urban land use—are shown in figure 5. The 10-percent detection-frequency threshold captures approxi-mately the top 25 percent of pesticide compounds from the occurrence frequency distributions for agricultural and urban streams, and 6 percent of compounds for agricultural and urban groundwater (fig. 5). A total of 71 pesticide compounds had a detection frequency greater than 10 percent in agricul-tural or urban streams, and 13 of these compounds also were frequently detected in groundwater. Of these 71 compounds, 41 were included in Tier 1 on the basis of detection frequency alone, and not on the basis of potential toxicity considerations (tables 4 and 6 and fig. 4).
Degradation products of parent pesticides that did not meet the BQ or detection-frequency criteria for inclusion in Tier 1, often because of inadequate data, were included in the group along with their parent compound (table 4). A total of 52 compounds that are degradates of Tier 1 pesticides were assigned to Tier 1 as a conservative measure (table 4 and fig. 4). Several of these compounds are included in existing USGS analytical methods, but most do not have adequate monitoring data to evaluate their occurrence in streams or groundwater. Also, many degradates lack benchmarks or toxicity information with which to compare measured or pre-dicted concentrations. Measuring degradates along with parent compounds in water samples helps improve understanding of the fate and transport of pesticides in the environment.
In terms of distribution of across pesticide-use groups, Tier 1 includes compounds from the major use groups (fig. 6). Herbicides and their degradates make up half of all Tier 1 compounds, and another 38 percent are represented by insecti-cides and degradates. Overall, at 40 percent, degradates make up a large portion of Tier 1 compounds, and about half of them are classified this way because their parent compound was Tier 1.
sac11-0422_fig 04
DEG21 percent
AL BQ 38 percent
HH BQ4 percent
DF17 percent
AL & HH BQ and DF6 percent
AL and HH BQ9 percentAL BQ and DF
4 percent
HH BQ and DF1 percent
EXPLANATION
247 Tier 1 compounds
AL, aquatic-life
HH, human-health
BQ, benchmark quotient
DF, detection frequency
DEG, degradates added to Tier 1 with parent
Figure 4. Breakdown of Tier 1 pesticide compounds for water by reason for high priority.
Results and Discussion 35
Tabl
e 5.
Be
nchm
ark
quot
ient
s an
d de
tect
ion
frequ
enci
es fo
r sur
face
wat
er a
nd g
roun
dwat
er fo
r Tie
r 1 p
estic
ides
and
deg
rada
tes
in w
ater
.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Bol
d in
dica
tes
benc
hmar
k qu
otie
nt (B
Q) g
reat
er th
an 0
.01.
Bol
d ita
lic in
dica
tes d
etec
tion
freq
uenc
y gr
eate
r tha
n 10
per
cent
. Abb
revi
atio
ns: A
G, a
gric
ultu
ral l
and
use;
AL,
aqu
atic
-life
; CA
S, C
hem
ical
Abs
tract
s Ser
vice
; GW
, gr
ound
wat
er; H
H, h
uman
-hea
lth; M
eas,
mea
sure
d co
ncen
tratio
n; M
X, m
ixed
land
use
; NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; N
AWQ
A, N
atio
nal W
ater
-Qua
lity
Ass
essm
ent P
rogr
am (U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey)
; OPP
, Offi
ce o
f Pe
stic
ide
Prog
ram
s; P
red,
pre
dict
ed c
once
ntra
tion;
SW
, sur
face
wat
er; U
R, u
rban
land
use
; µg/
L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; –,
non
e]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S
Regi
stry
N
umbe
r
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e
type
/use
Surf
ace
wat
erG
roun
dwat
er
Max
B
Q
valu
e
Max
B
Q
valu
e ty
pe
Pred
icte
d B
QM
easu
red
A
G o
r UR
BQ
(m
ax)
Mea
sure
d
dete
ctio
n
freq
uenc
y,
in p
erce
nt
Pred
icte
d B
Q
Mea
sure
d A
G, U
R or
M
X B
Q
(max
)
Mea
sure
d
dete
ctio
n
freq
uenc
y,
in p
erce
ntA
LH
HA
LH
HA
GU
RH
HH
HA
GU
R1,
3-D
icar
bam
oyl-2
,4,5
,6-
tetra
chlo
robe
nzen
eN
AVD
egra
date
––
––
––
––
––
––
1,3-
Dic
hlor
opro
pene
542-
75-6
Fum
igan
t0.
036
2.0
––
––
2.3
––
–2.
3H
H,P
red
GW
1-C
arba
moy
l-3-c
yano
-4-
hydr
oxy-
2,5,
6-tri
chlo
ro-
benz
ene
NAV
Deg
rada
te–
––
––
––
––
––
–
1-N
apht
hol
90-1
5-3
Deg
rada
te0.
0000
42–
––
414
.6–
–0
00.
0000
42A
L,Pr
ed S
W2-
(4-te
rt-b
utyl
phen
oxy)
- C
yclo
hexa
nol
1942
-71-
8D
egra
date
0.00
16–
––
12.7
0.5
––
0–
0.00
16A
L,Pr
ed S
W
2,4-
D (2
,4-D
ichl
orop
heno
xy
acet
ic a
cid)
94-7
5-7
Her
bici
de0.
120.
100.
015
0.01
126
.833
.90.
0048
–0.
61.
30.
12A
L,Pr
ed S
W
2,4-
D m
ethy
l est
er19
28-3
8-7
Her
bici
de–
––
–11
.89
––
0.4
1.4
––
2,6-
Die
thyl
anili
ne57
9-66
-8D
egra
date
0.00
0014
–6.
4E-0
7–
1.9
0.09
––
1.3
0.2
0.00
0014
AL,
Pred
SW
2-[(
2-Et
hyl-6
-met
hylp
heny
l)am
ino]
-1-p
ropa
nol
6152
0-53
-4D
egra
date
––
––
––
––
––
––
2-A
min
o-N
-isop
ropy
lben
zam
ide
3039
1-89
-0D
egra
date
0.01
7–
––
0.5
0–
–0
–0.
017
AL,
Pred
SW
2-C
hlor
o-2,
6-di
ethy
lace
tani
lide
6967
-29-
9D
egra
date
––
––
0.4
0.5
––
00
––
2-C
hlor
o-N
-(2-
ethy
l-6-
met
hylp
heny
l)ace
tam
ide
(Ace
toch
lor/M
etol
achl
or,
seco
ndar
y am
ide)
3242
8-71
-0D
egra
date
––
––
0–
––
0–
––
2-Et
hyl-6
-met
hyla
nilin
e24
549-
06-2
Deg
rada
te0.
16–
––
3.1
0–
–2.
40.
80.
16A
L,Pr
ed S
W2-
Hyd
roxy
atra
zine
2163
-68-
0D
egra
date
0.00
660.
033
––
67.7
20.8
––
15.5
110.
033
HH
,Pre
d SW
3-(T
rifluo
rom
ethy
l)ani
line
98-1
6-8
Deg
rada
te0.
0011
––
–3.
80.
3–
–3.
9–
0.00
11A
L,Pr
ed S
W3-
(Trifl
uoro
met
hyl)p
heny
lure
a13
114-
87-9
Deg
rada
te0.
0053
––
–0.
80
––
1.6
–0.
0053
AL,
Pred
SW
3,4-
Dic
hlor
oani
line
95-7
6-1
Deg
rada
te0.
49–
––
35.2
32.1
––
4.6
1.4
0.49
AL,
Pred
SW
3,4-
Dic
hlor
omet
hy-p
heny
lure
a35
67-6
2-2
Deg
rada
te0.
048
––
––
––
––
–0.
048
AL,
Pred
SW
3,4-
Dic
hlor
ophe
nylu
rea
2327
-02-
8D
egra
date
0.02
7–
––
––
––
––
0.02
7A
L,Pr
ed S
W3,
5-D
ichl
oroa
nilin
e62
6-43
-7D
egra
date
0.01
5–
––
1.4
1.8
––
21.
80.
015
AL,
Pred
SW
Tabl
e 5.
Be
nchm
ark
quot
ient
s an
d de
tect
ion
frequ
enci
es fo
r sur
face
wat
er a
nd g
roun
dwat
er fo
r Tie
r 1 p
estic
ides
and
deg
rada
tes
in w
ater
.
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Bol
d in
dica
tes
benc
hmar
k qu
otie
nt (B
Q) g
reat
er th
an 0
.01.
Bol
d ita
lic in
dica
tes d
etec
tion
freq
uenc
y gr
eate
r tha
n 10
per
cent
. Abb
revi
atio
ns: A
G, a
gric
ultu
ral l
and
use;
AL,
aqu
atic
-life
; CA
S, C
hem
ical
Abs
tract
s Ser
vice
; GW
, gr
ound
wat
er; H
H, h
uman
-hea
lth; M
eas,
mea
sure
d co
ncen
tratio
n; M
X, m
ixed
land
use
; NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; N
AWQ
A, N
atio
nal W
ater
-Qua
lity
Ass
essm
ent P
rogr
am (U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey)
; OPP
, Offi
ce o
f Pe
stic
ide
Prog
ram
s; P
red,
pre
dict
ed c
once
ntra
tion;
SW
, sur
face
wat
er; U
R, u
rban
land
use
; µg/
L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; –,
non
e]
36 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
5.
Benc
hmar
k qu
otie
nts
and
dete
ctio
n fre
quen
cies
for s
urfa
ce w
ater
and
gro
undw
ater
for T
ier 1
pes
ticid
es a
nd d
egra
date
s in
wat
er.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Bol
d in
dica
tes
benc
hmar
k qu
otie
nt (B
Q) g
reat
er th
an 0
.01.
Bol
d ita
lic in
dica
tes d
etec
tion
freq
uenc
y gr
eate
r tha
n 10
per
cent
. Abb
revi
atio
ns: A
G, a
gric
ultu
ral l
and
use;
AL,
aqu
atic
-life
; CA
S, C
hem
ical
Abs
tract
s Ser
vice
; GW
, gr
ound
wat
er; H
H, h
uman
-hea
lth; M
eas,
mea
sure
d co
ncen
tratio
n; M
X, m
ixed
land
use
; NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; N
AWQ
A, N
atio
nal W
ater
-Qua
lity
Ass
essm
ent P
rogr
am (U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey)
; OPP
, Offi
ce o
f Pe
stic
ide
Prog
ram
s; P
red,
pre
dict
ed c
once
ntra
tion;
SW
, sur
face
wat
er; U
R, u
rban
land
use
; µg/
L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; –,
non
e]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S
Regi
stry
N
umbe
r
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e
type
/use
Surf
ace
wat
erG
roun
dwat
er
Max
B
Q
valu
e
Max
B
Q
valu
e ty
pe
Pred
icte
d B
QM
easu
red
A
G o
r UR
BQ
(m
ax)
Mea
sure
d
dete
ctio
n
freq
uenc
y,
in p
erce
nt
Pred
icte
d B
Q
Mea
sure
d A
G, U
R or
M
X B
Q
(max
)
Mea
sure
d
dete
ctio
n
freq
uenc
y,
in p
erce
ntA
LH
HA
LH
HA
GU
RH
HH
HA
GU
R3-
Hyd
roxy
carb
ofur
an16
655-
82-6
Deg
rada
te0.
0000
0015
––
–0.
20.
06–
–0
01.
5E-0
7A
L,Pr
ed S
W3-
Ket
ocar
bofu
ran
1670
9-30
-1D
egra
date
0.00
026
––
–1.
50
––
00
0.00
026
AL,
Pred
SW
3-Ph
enox
yben
zoic
aci
d37
39-3
8-6
Deg
rada
te0.
0000
21–
––
––
––
––
0.00
0021
AL,
Pred
SW
4-(H
ydro
xym
ethy
l) pe
ndim
etha
lin56
750-
76-6
Deg
rada
te–
––
––
––
––
––
–
4,4’
-Dic
hlor
oben
zoph
enon
e90
-98-
2D
egra
date
0.00
084
––
––
––
––
–0.
0008
4A
L,Pr
ed S
W4-
Chl
oro-
2-m
ethy
lphe
nol
1570
-64-
5D
egra
date
0.00
27–
––
1.0
15.6
––
03.
40.
0027
AL,
Pred
SW
4-C
hlor
oben
zylm
ethy
l sul
fone
98-5
7-7
Deg
rada
te0.
0000
22–
––
00.
5–
–0
–0.
0000
22A
L,Pr
ed S
W4-
Hyd
roxy
-2,5
,6-
trich
loro
isop
htha
loni
trile
NAV
Deg
rada
te–
––
––
––
––
––
–
Ace
phat
e30
560-
19-1
Inse
ctic
ide
0.01
2–
––
––
––
––
0.01
2A
L,Pr
ed S
WA
ceto
chlo
r34
256-
82-1
Her
bici
de3.
11.
14.
70.
7228
.83.
90.
38–
0.3
0.5
4.7
AL,
Mea
s SW
Ace
toch
lor e
than
e su
lfoni
c ac
id
(ESA
)18
7022
-11-
3D
egra
date
0.00
075
––
–50
.1–
––
6.3
10.
0007
5A
L,Pr
ed S
W
Ace
toch
lor o
xani
lic a
cid
(OA
)18
4992
-44-
4D
egra
date
––
––
33.8
––
–3.
22.
1–
–A
ceto
chlo
r sul
fyni
lace
tic a
cid
(SA
A)
NAV
Deg
rada
te–
––
–15
.9–
––
0–
––
Ace
toch
lor/M
etol
achl
or E
SA,
seco
ndar
y am
ide
NAV
Deg
rada
te–
––
–40
.8–
––
0–
––
Ala
chlo
r15
972-
60-8
Her
bici
de1.
50.
262.
00.
2334
.45.
80.
095
0.00
72.
60.
42.
0A
L,M
eas
SWA
lach
lor E
SA, s
econ
dary
am
ide
NAV
Deg
rada
te–
––
–6.
6–
––
0–
––
Ala
chlo
r ESA
14
2363
-53-
9D
egra
date
0.00
0096
––
–79
.4–
––
32.2
30.8
0.00
010
AL,
Pred
SW
Ala
chlo
r OA
1712
62-1
7-2
Deg
rada
te0.
0001
0–
––
23.2
––
–8
9.8
0.00
010
AL,
Pred
SW
Ala
chlo
r SA
A14
0939
-16-
8D
egra
date
––
––
2.2
––
–0
––
–A
ldic
arb
116-
06-3
Inse
ctic
ide
2.5
0.02
5–
–0.
10.
060.
025
–0.
070
2.5
AL,
Pred
SW
Ald
icar
b su
lfone
1646
-88-
4D
egra
date
0.00
910.
037
––
0.7
0.2
––
1.1
00.
037
HH
,Pre
d SW
Results and Discussion 37
Tabl
e 5.
Be
nchm
ark
quot
ient
s an
d de
tect
ion
frequ
enci
es fo
r sur
face
wat
er a
nd g
roun
dwat
er fo
r Tie
r 1 p
estic
ides
and
deg
rada
tes
in w
ater
.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Bol
d in
dica
tes
benc
hmar
k qu
otie
nt (B
Q) g
reat
er th
an 0
.01.
Bol
d ita
lic in
dica
tes d
etec
tion
freq
uenc
y gr
eate
r tha
n 10
per
cent
. Abb
revi
atio
ns: A
G, a
gric
ultu
ral l
and
use;
AL,
aqu
atic
-life
; CA
S, C
hem
ical
Abs
tract
s Ser
vice
; GW
, gr
ound
wat
er; H
H, h
uman
-hea
lth; M
eas,
mea
sure
d co
ncen
tratio
n; M
X, m
ixed
land
use
; NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; N
AWQ
A, N
atio
nal W
ater
-Qua
lity
Ass
essm
ent P
rogr
am (U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey)
; OPP
, Offi
ce o
f Pe
stic
ide
Prog
ram
s; P
red,
pre
dict
ed c
once
ntra
tion;
SW
, sur
face
wat
er; U
R, u
rban
land
use
; µg/
L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; –,
non
e]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S
Regi
stry
N
umbe
r
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e
type
/use
Surf
ace
wat
erG
roun
dwat
er
Max
B
Q
valu
e
Max
B
Q
valu
e ty
pe
Pred
icte
d B
QM
easu
red
A
G o
r UR
BQ
(m
ax)
Mea
sure
d
dete
ctio
n
freq
uenc
y,
in p
erce
nt
Pred
icte
d B
Q
Mea
sure
d A
G, U
R or
M
X B
Q
(max
)
Mea
sure
d
dete
ctio
n
freq
uenc
y,
in p
erce
ntA
LH
HA
LH
HA
GU
RH
HH
HA
GU
RA
ldic
arb
sulfo
xide
1646
-87-
3D
egra
date
0.06
00.
037
0.02
3–
1.5
0–
–1.
40
0.06
0A
L,Pr
ed S
Wal
pha-
HC
H (a
lpha
- H
exac
hlor
ocyc
lohe
xane
)31
9-84
-6In
sect
icid
e m
ixtu
re
com
pone
nt,
by-p
rodu
ct,
degr
adat
e
0.00
029
4.2
0.00
017
–0.
20.
05–
–0.
010
4.2
HH
,Pre
d SW
Am
etry
n83
4-12
-8H
erbi
cide
0.02
80.
0000
55–
–3.
7–
0.00
030
–0
00.
028
AL,
Pred
SW
Am
inom
ethy
lpho
spho
nic
acid
1066
-51-
9D
egra
date
0.00
0038
––
–50
.244
.8–
–1.
18.
30.
0000
38A
L,Pr
ed S
WA
sula
m33
37-7
1-1
Her
bici
de0.
051
––
––
––
––
–0.
051
AL,
Pred
SW
Atra
zine
1912
-24-
9H
erbi
cide
21.8
1.6
58.7
3.2
89.6
71.5
0.18
0.4
43.3
29.2
58.7
AL,
Mea
s SW
Azi
npho
s-m
ethy
l86
-50-
0In
sect
icid
e3.
40.
0043
7.8
0.00
213.
10.
80.
019
–0.
20
7.8
AL,
Mea
s SW
Azi
npho
s-m
ethy
l-oxo
n96
1-22
-8D
egra
date
0.00
017
––
–0.
50
––
00
0.00
017
AL,
Pred
SW
Azo
xyst
robi
n13
1860
-33-
8Fu
ngic
ide
0.02
5–
––
––
––
––
0.02
5A
L,Pr
ed S
WB
enflu
ralin
1861
-40-
1H
erbi
cide
0.00
390.
0004
60.
0053
–0.
63.
70.
038
0.00
150.
10.
170.
038
HH
,Pre
d G
WB
enom
yl17
804-
35-2
Fung
icid
e0.
050
0.00
069
––
10.2
11.6
0.00
37–
20.
60.
050
AL,
Pred
SW
Ben
tazo
n25
057-
89-0
Her
bici
de0.
0000
940.
0006
30.
0003
40.
0015
25.5
5.3
0.00
088
0.00
464
2.4
0.00
46H
H,M
eas
GW
beta
-HC
H31
9-85
-7In
sect
icid
e m
ixtu
re
com
pone
nt,
by-p
rodu
ct,
degr
adat
e
0.00
021
0.63
––
––
––
––
0.63
HH
,Pre
d SW
Bife
naza
te14
9877
-41-
8In
sect
icid
e0.
018
––
––
––
––
–0.
018
AL,
Pred
SW
Bife
nthr
in82
657-
04-3
Inse
ctic
ide
0.77
0.00
11–
–0
00.
017
–0
–0.
77A
L,Pr
ed S
W
38 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
5.
Benc
hmar
k qu
otie
nts
and
dete
ctio
n fre
quen
cies
for s
urfa
ce w
ater
and
gro
undw
ater
for T
ier 1
pes
ticid
es a
nd d
egra
date
s in
wat
er.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Bol
d in
dica
tes
benc
hmar
k qu
otie
nt (B
Q) g
reat
er th
an 0
.01.
Bol
d ita
lic in
dica
tes d
etec
tion
freq
uenc
y gr
eate
r tha
n 10
per
cent
. Abb
revi
atio
ns: A
G, a
gric
ultu
ral l
and
use;
AL,
aqu
atic
-life
; CA
S, C
hem
ical
Abs
tract
s Ser
vice
; GW
, gr
ound
wat
er; H
H, h
uman
-hea
lth; M
eas,
mea
sure
d co
ncen
tratio
n; M
X, m
ixed
land
use
; NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; N
AWQ
A, N
atio
nal W
ater
-Qua
lity
Ass
essm
ent P
rogr
am (U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey)
; OPP
, Offi
ce o
f Pe
stic
ide
Prog
ram
s; P
red,
pre
dict
ed c
once
ntra
tion;
SW
, sur
face
wat
er; U
R, u
rban
land
use
; µg/
L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; –,
non
e]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S
Regi
stry
N
umbe
r
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e
type
/use
Surf
ace
wat
erG
roun
dwat
er
Max
B
Q
valu
e
Max
B
Q
valu
e ty
pe
Pred
icte
d B
QM
easu
red
A
G o
r UR
BQ
(m
ax)
Mea
sure
d
dete
ctio
n
freq
uenc
y,
in p
erce
nt
Pred
icte
d B
Q
Mea
sure
d A
G, U
R or
M
X B
Q
(max
)
Mea
sure
d
dete
ctio
n
freq
uenc
y,
in p
erce
ntA
LH
HA
LH
HA
GU
RH
HH
HA
GU
RB
rom
acil
314-
40-9
Her
bici
de0.
086
0.00
210.
23–
3.5
8.2
0.00
220.
026
2.7
3.5
0.23
AL,
Mea
s SW
Bro
mom
etha
ne74
-83-
9Fu
mig
ant/
adju
vant
0.01
30.
0037
––
––
0.00
21–
––
0.01
3A
L,Pr
ed S
W
Bro
mox
ynil
1689
-84-
5H
erbi
cide
0.00
996
0.00
043
0.02
4–
1.9
0.3
0.02
1–
0.06
00.
024
AL,
Mea
s SW
But
ralin
3362
9-47
-9H
erbi
cide
0.01
4–
––
––
––
––
0.01
4A
L,Pr
ed S
WC
arba
ryl
63-2
5-2
Inse
ctic
ide
3.7
0.00
839.
60.
016
1255
.70.
0047
0.00
018
0.6
1.4
9.6
AL,
Mea
s SW
Car
bofu
ran
1563
-66-
2In
sect
icid
e2.
00.
0071
4.8
0.01
212
.91.
70.
0042
0.00
043
2.1
0.7
4.8
AL,
Mea
s SW
Chl
orim
uron
-eth
yl90
982-
32-4
Her
bici
de0.
0003
10.
0003
8–
–1 3
1
(5.0
)0.
30.
0002
5–
0.6
00.
0003
8H
H,P
red
SW
Chl
orop
icrin
76-0
6-2
Fum
igan
t/ ne
mat
ocid
e0.
077
––
––
––
––
–0.
077
AL,
Pred
SW
Chl
orot
halo
nil
1897
-45-
6Fu
ngic
ide
0.72
0.01
80.
050
–0.
21.
30.
058
–0
0.2
0.72
AL,
Pred
SW
Chl
orpy
rifos
2921
-88-
2In
sect
icid
e14
.30.
060
3.7
0.02
713
.322
.60.
14–
0.8
0.4
14.3
AL,
Pred
SW
Chl
orpy
rifos
oxy
gen
an
alog
5598
-15-
2D
egra
date
0.01
5–
––
0.3
0–
–0
00.
015
AL,
Pred
SW
Chl
orsu
lfuro
n64
902-
72-3
Her
bici
de7.
90.
0051
––
––
0.00
15–
––
7.9
AL,
Pred
SW
cis-
Met
hyl-3
-(2,
2-
dich
loro
viny
l)-2,
2-
dim
ethy
l-(1-
cycl
o-pr
opan
e)-
carb
oxyl
ate
c618
98-9
5-1
Deg
rada
te–
––
–0
0–
–0
––
–
cis-
Perm
ethr
in61
949-
76-6
Inse
ctic
ide
See
pe
rme-
th
rin
See
pe
rme-
th
rin
13.6
–0.
20.
1Se
e
perm
e-
thrin
–0.
10
13.6
AL,
Mea
s SW
Results and Discussion 39
Tabl
e 5.
Be
nchm
ark
quot
ient
s an
d de
tect
ion
frequ
enci
es fo
r sur
face
wat
er a
nd g
roun
dwat
er fo
r Tie
r 1 p
estic
ides
and
deg
rada
tes
in w
ater
.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Bol
d in
dica
tes
benc
hmar
k qu
otie
nt (B
Q) g
reat
er th
an 0
.01.
Bol
d ita
lic in
dica
tes d
etec
tion
freq
uenc
y gr
eate
r tha
n 10
per
cent
. Abb
revi
atio
ns: A
G, a
gric
ultu
ral l
and
use;
AL,
aqu
atic
-life
; CA
S, C
hem
ical
Abs
tract
s Ser
vice
; GW
, gr
ound
wat
er; H
H, h
uman
-hea
lth; M
eas,
mea
sure
d co
ncen
tratio
n; M
X, m
ixed
land
use
; NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; N
AWQ
A, N
atio
nal W
ater
-Qua
lity
Ass
essm
ent P
rogr
am (U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey)
; OPP
, Offi
ce o
f Pe
stic
ide
Prog
ram
s; P
red,
pre
dict
ed c
once
ntra
tion;
SW
, sur
face
wat
er; U
R, u
rban
land
use
; µg/
L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; –,
non
e]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S
Regi
stry
N
umbe
r
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e
type
/use
Surf
ace
wat
erG
roun
dwat
er
Max
B
Q
valu
e
Max
B
Q
valu
e ty
pe
Pred
icte
d B
QM
easu
red
A
G o
r UR
BQ
(m
ax)
Mea
sure
d
dete
ctio
n
freq
uenc
y,
in p
erce
nt
Pred
icte
d B
Q
Mea
sure
d A
G, U
R or
M
X B
Q
(max
)
Mea
sure
d
dete
ctio
n
freq
uenc
y,
in p
erce
ntA
LH
HA
LH
HA
GU
RH
HH
HA
GU
Rci
s-Pr
opic
onaz
ole
c602
07-9
0-1
Fung
icid
eSe
e
prop
i- co
nazo
le
See
pr
opi-
cona
zole
––
12.8
15.8
See
pr
opi-
cona
zole
–0.
40.
7–
–
Cop
per
7440
-50-
8Fu
ngic
ide
0.01
80.
0000
35–
––
–0.
0001
5–
––
0.01
8A
L,Pr
ed S
WC
yana
zine
2172
5-46
-2H
erbi
cide
0.00
0024
0.00
590.
014
4.0
39.9
3.1
0.15
0.00
71.
20.
94.
0H
H,M
eas
SWC
yana
zine
aci
dN
AVD
egra
date
––
––
––
––
––
––
Cya
nazi
ne a
mid
eN
AVD
egra
date
––
––
27.8
2.6
––
0–
––
Cyfl
uthr
in68
359-
37-5
Inse
ctic
ide
13.6
0.00
016
––
00
0.00
082
–0
013
.6A
L,Pr
ed S
WC
yhal
othr
in
(lam
bda-
Cyh
alot
hrin
)91
465-
08-6
Inse
ctic
ide
8.0
0.00
070
––
00
0.00
41–
00
8.0
AL,
Pred
SW
gam
ma-
Cyh
alot
hrin
7670
3-62
-3In
sect
icid
e–
––
––
––
––
––
–C
yper
met
hrin
5231
5-07
-8In
sect
icid
e3.
60.
0011
––
00.
40.
0037
–0
03.
6A
L,Pr
ed S
W ze
ta-C
yper
met
hrin
6986
5-47
-0In
sect
icid
e–
––
––
––
––
––
–D
acth
al18
61-3
2-1
Her
bici
de0.
0000
093
0.00
037
0.00
270.
030
11.5
20.8
0.00
230.
0000
140.
70.
50.
030
HH
,Mea
s SW
Dac
thal
mon
oaci
d88
7-54
-7D
egra
date
0.00
011
–0.
0000
34–
0.3
0.2
––
0.06
00.
0001
1A
L,Pr
ed S
WD
echl
oroa
ceto
chlo
rN
AVD
egra
date
––
––
0–
––
0–
––
Dec
hlor
oala
chlo
rN
AVD
egra
date
––
––
0–
––
0–
––
Dec
hlor
odim
ethe
nam
idN
AVD
egra
date
––
––
0–
––
0–
––
Dec
hlor
omet
olac
hlor
NAV
Deg
rada
te–
––
–8.
3–
––
0–
––
Dee
thyl
atra
zine
6190
-65-
4D
egra
date
0.01
30.
620.
0017
0.06
680
.448
.7–
0.14
45.5
30.6
0.62
HH
,Pre
d SW
Dee
thyl
cyan
azin
eN
AVD
egra
date
––
––
––
––
––
––
Dee
thyl
cyan
azin
e ac
idN
AVD
egra
date
––
––
––
––
––
––
Dee
thyl
cyan
azin
e am
ide
NAV
Deg
rada
te–
––
––
––
––
––
–D
eeth
ylhy
drox
yatra
zine
NAV
Deg
rada
te–
0.96
––
––
––
––
0.96
HH
,Pre
d SW
Dei
sopr
opyl
pro
met
ryn
NAV
Deg
rada
te–
––
–0.
32.
6–
–0
––
–D
eiso
prop
ylat
razi
ne10
07-2
8-9
Deg
rada
te0.
0048
0.56
––
39.5
13.9
––
2815
.40.
56H
H,P
red
SW
40 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
5.
Benc
hmar
k qu
otie
nts
and
dete
ctio
n fre
quen
cies
for s
urfa
ce w
ater
and
gro
undw
ater
for T
ier 1
pes
ticid
es a
nd d
egra
date
s in
wat
er.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Bol
d in
dica
tes
benc
hmar
k qu
otie
nt (B
Q) g
reat
er th
an 0
.01.
Bol
d ita
lic in
dica
tes d
etec
tion
freq
uenc
y gr
eate
r tha
n 10
per
cent
. Abb
revi
atio
ns: A
G, a
gric
ultu
ral l
and
use;
AL,
aqu
atic
-life
; CA
S, C
hem
ical
Abs
tract
s Ser
vice
; GW
, gr
ound
wat
er; H
H, h
uman
-hea
lth; M
eas,
mea
sure
d co
ncen
tratio
n; M
X, m
ixed
land
use
; NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; N
AWQ
A, N
atio
nal W
ater
-Qua
lity
Ass
essm
ent P
rogr
am (U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey)
; OPP
, Offi
ce o
f Pe
stic
ide
Prog
ram
s; P
red,
pre
dict
ed c
once
ntra
tion;
SW
, sur
face
wat
er; U
R, u
rban
land
use
; µg/
L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; –,
non
e]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S
Regi
stry
N
umbe
r
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e
type
/use
Surf
ace
wat
erG
roun
dwat
er
Max
B
Q
valu
e
Max
B
Q
valu
e ty
pe
Pred
icte
d B
QM
easu
red
A
G o
r UR
BQ
(m
ax)
Mea
sure
d
dete
ctio
n
freq
uenc
y,
in p
erce
nt
Pred
icte
d B
Q
Mea
sure
d A
G, U
R or
M
X B
Q
(max
)
Mea
sure
d
dete
ctio
n
freq
uenc
y,
in p
erce
ntA
LH
HA
LH
HA
GU
RH
HH
HA
GU
RD
eiso
prop
ylhy
drox
y at
razi
ne73
13-5
4-4
Deg
rada
te0.
360.
96–
––
––
––
–0.
96H
H,P
red
SW
delta
-HC
H31
9-86
-8In
sect
icid
e m
ixtu
re
com
pone
nt,
by-p
rodu
ct,
degr
adat
e
0.00
028
––
––
––
––
–0.
0002
8A
L,Pr
ed S
W
Del
tam
ethr
in52
918-
63-5
Inse
ctic
ide
1.5
––
––
––
––
–1.
5A
L,Pr
ed S
WD
emet
hyl fl
uom
etur
onN
AVD
egra
date
––
––
37.9
2.7
––
16.4
––
–D
emet
hyl n
orflu
razo
nN
AVD
egra
date
––
––
50.7
0–
–24
.2–
––
Des
ulfin
ylfip
roni
l (M
B46
513)
NAV
Deg
rada
te–
––
–14
.829
.9–
–0
0.5
––
Des
ulfin
ylfip
roni
l am
ide
(R
PA 1
0504
8)N
AVD
egra
date
––
––
8.8
11.4
––
0.1
0–
–
Dia
zino
n33
3-41
-5In
sect
icid
e1.
80.
047
18.1
0.71
15.1
67.4
0.17
0.00
40.
41.
318
.1A
L,M
eas
SWD
iazi
non
oxyg
en a
nalo
g96
2-58
-3D
egra
date
0.00
024
––
–0
0.5
––
00
0.00
024
AL,
Pred
SW
Dic
amba
1918
-00-
9H
erbi
cide
0.05
80.
0002
30.
0067
–3.
93.
40.
0000
68–
0.3
0.6
0.05
8A
L,Pr
ed S
WD
ichl
oben
il11
94-6
5-6
Her
bici
de0.
0003
50.
0003
30.
010
–0.
34.
30.
017
–0.
090.
380.
017
HH
,Pre
d G
WD
ichl
orvo
s62
-73-
7In
sect
icid
e/
fum
igan
t/ de
grad
ate
––
––
0.2
9.1
––
00
––
Dic
ofol
211
5-32
-2In
sect
icid
e0.
024
––
––
––
––
–0.
024
AL,
Pred
SW
Dic
roto
phos
141-
66-2
Inse
ctic
ide
2.1
10.5
––
2.2
0.3
3.0
–0
010
.5H
H,P
red
SWD
idea
lkyl
atra
zine
3397
-62-
4D
egra
date
0.00
041
––
–31
16.6
––
24.8
16.8
0.00
041
AL,
Pred
SW
Die
ldrin
60-5
7-1
Inse
ctic
ide
––
1.4
22.5
3.6
3.5
–27
.51.
25.
327
.5H
H,M
eas
GW
Difl
uben
zuro
n35
367-
38-5
Inse
ctic
ide
0.16
––
––
––
––
–0.
16A
L,Pr
ed S
WD
ifluf
enzo
pyr
1092
93-9
7-2
Her
bici
de0.
48–
––
––
––
––
0.48
AL,
Pred
SW
Results and Discussion 41
Tabl
e 5.
Be
nchm
ark
quot
ient
s an
d de
tect
ion
frequ
enci
es fo
r sur
face
wat
er a
nd g
roun
dwat
er fo
r Tie
r 1 p
estic
ides
and
deg
rada
tes
in w
ater
.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Bol
d in
dica
tes
benc
hmar
k qu
otie
nt (B
Q) g
reat
er th
an 0
.01.
Bol
d ita
lic in
dica
tes d
etec
tion
freq
uenc
y gr
eate
r tha
n 10
per
cent
. Abb
revi
atio
ns: A
G, a
gric
ultu
ral l
and
use;
AL,
aqu
atic
-life
; CA
S, C
hem
ical
Abs
tract
s Ser
vice
; GW
, gr
ound
wat
er; H
H, h
uman
-hea
lth; M
eas,
mea
sure
d co
ncen
tratio
n; M
X, m
ixed
land
use
; NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; N
AWQ
A, N
atio
nal W
ater
-Qua
lity
Ass
essm
ent P
rogr
am (U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey)
; OPP
, Offi
ce o
f Pe
stic
ide
Prog
ram
s; P
red,
pre
dict
ed c
once
ntra
tion;
SW
, sur
face
wat
er; U
R, u
rban
land
use
; µg/
L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; –,
non
e]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S
Regi
stry
N
umbe
r
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e
type
/use
Surf
ace
wat
erG
roun
dwat
er
Max
B
Q
valu
e
Max
B
Q
valu
e ty
pe
Pred
icte
d B
QM
easu
red
A
G o
r UR
BQ
(m
ax)
Mea
sure
d
dete
ctio
n
freq
uenc
y,
in p
erce
nt
Pred
icte
d B
Q
Mea
sure
d A
G, U
R or
M
X B
Q
(max
)
Mea
sure
d
dete
ctio
n
freq
uenc
y,
in p
erce
ntA
LH
HA
LH
HA
GU
RH
HH
HA
GU
RD
imet
hena
mid
8767
4-68
-8H
erbi
cide
0.00
20–
––
20–
––
0–
0.00
20A
L,Pr
ed S
WD
imet
hena
mid
ESA
N
AVD
egra
date
––
––
13.7
––
–0.
9–
––
Dim
ethe
nam
id O
AN
AVD
egra
date
––
––
4.8
––
–0
––
–D
imet
hena
mid
-P16
3515
-14-
8H
erbi
cide
0.09
7–
––
––
––
––
0.09
7A
L,Pr
ed S
WD
imet
hoat
e60
-51-
5In
sect
icid
e1.
20.
054
––
2.6
0.9
0.08
9–
00
1.2
AL,
Pred
SW
Diq
uat
85-0
0-7
Her
bici
de37
.50.
0012
––
––
0.00
029
––
–37
.5A
L,Pr
ed S
WD
isul
foto
n29
8-04
-4In
sect
icid
e14
.80.
029
3.2
–0.
30.
20.
17–
00
14.8
AL,
Pred
SW
Dis
ulfo
ton
sulfo
ne24
97-0
6-5
Deg
rada
te5.
6–
––
6.2
8.1
––
00
5.6
AL,
Pred
SW
Dis
ulfo
ton
sulfo
xide
2497
-07-
6D
egra
date
0.51
––
–1
0.8
––
0–
0.51
AL,
Pred
SW
Diu
ron
330-
54-1
Her
bici
de0.
930.
205.
40.
7624
.645
.20.
100.
135.
93.
85.
4A
L,M
eas
SWEn
dosu
lfan
115-
29-7
Inse
ctic
ide
0.42
0.00
017
––
See
al
pha-
&
bet
a-
endo
- su
lfan
See
al
pha-
&
bet
a-
endo
- su
lfan
0.00
41–
See
al
pha-
&
bet
a-
endo
- su
lfan
See
al
pha -
&
bet
a-
endo
- su
lfan
0.42
AL,
Pred
SW
alp
ha-E
ndos
ulfa
n95
9-98
-8In
sect
icid
e–
––
–0.
40
––
00
––
bet
a-En
dosu
lfan
3321
3-65
-9In
sect
icid
e–
––
–4.
20
––
0–
––
Endo
sulfa
n et
her
3369
-52-
6D
egra
date
––
––
00
––
0–
––
Endo
sulfa
n su
lfate
1031
-07-
8D
egra
date
0.13
––
–8.
20
––
00
0.13
AL,
Pred
SW
Endo
thal
l 314
5-73
-3H
erbi
cide
0.14
0.00
050
––
––
0.00
15–
––
0.14
AL,
Pred
SW
EPTC
(S-E
thyl
di
prop
ylth
ioca
rbam
ate)
759-
94-4
Her
bici
de0.
0001
80.
0001
40.
0057
0.00
2817
.95.
60.
0014
0.00
0015
0.9
0.5
0.00
57A
L,M
eas
SWEs
fenv
aler
ate
6623
0-04
-4In
sect
icid
e9.
5–
––
––
––
––
9.5
AL,
Pred
SW
Etha
lflur
alin
5528
3-68
-6H
erbi
cide
0.17
0.00
057
0.33
–1.
50
0.00
61–
0.1
00.
33A
L,M
eas
SWEt
hopr
op13
194-
48-4
Inse
ctic
ide
0.01
90.
094
0.01
50.
013
2.9
1.1
0.18
–0.
040
0.18
HH
,Pre
d G
WEt
oxaz
ole
1532
33-9
1-1
Inse
ctic
ide
0.01
0–
––
––
––
––
0.01
0A
L,Pr
ed S
W
42 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
5.
Benc
hmar
k qu
otie
nts
and
dete
ctio
n fre
quen
cies
for s
urfa
ce w
ater
and
gro
undw
ater
for T
ier 1
pes
ticid
es a
nd d
egra
date
s in
wat
er.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Bol
d in
dica
tes
benc
hmar
k qu
otie
nt (B
Q) g
reat
er th
an 0
.01.
Bol
d ita
lic in
dica
tes d
etec
tion
freq
uenc
y gr
eate
r tha
n 10
per
cent
. Abb
revi
atio
ns: A
G, a
gric
ultu
ral l
and
use;
AL,
aqu
atic
-life
; CA
S, C
hem
ical
Abs
tract
s Ser
vice
; GW
, gr
ound
wat
er; H
H, h
uman
-hea
lth; M
eas,
mea
sure
d co
ncen
tratio
n; M
X, m
ixed
land
use
; NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; N
AWQ
A, N
atio
nal W
ater
-Qua
lity
Ass
essm
ent P
rogr
am (U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey)
; OPP
, Offi
ce o
f Pe
stic
ide
Prog
ram
s; P
red,
pre
dict
ed c
once
ntra
tion;
SW
, sur
face
wat
er; U
R, u
rban
land
use
; µg/
L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; –,
non
e]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S
Regi
stry
N
umbe
r
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e
type
/use
Surf
ace
wat
erG
roun
dwat
er
Max
B
Q
valu
e
Max
B
Q
valu
e ty
pe
Pred
icte
d B
QM
easu
red
A
G o
r UR
BQ
(m
ax)
Mea
sure
d
dete
ctio
n
freq
uenc
y,
in p
erce
nt
Pred
icte
d B
Q
Mea
sure
d A
G, U
R or
M
X B
Q
(max
)
Mea
sure
d
dete
ctio
n
freq
uenc
y,
in p
erce
ntA
LH
HA
LH
HA
GU
RH
HH
HA
GU
RFa
mox
adon
e13
1807
-57-
3Fu
ngic
ide
0.02
5–
––
––
––
––
0.02
5A
L,Pr
ed S
WFe
nam
ipho
s22
224-
92-6
Inse
ctic
ide
0.01
90.
0008
1–
–0
1.3
0.22
–0
00.
22H
H,P
red
GW
Fena
mip
hos s
ulfo
ne31
972-
44-8
Deg
rada
te0.
0001
7–
––
00.
5–
–0
00.
0001
7A
L,Pr
ed S
WFe
nam
ipho
s sul
foxi
de31
972-
43-7
Deg
rada
te0.
027
––
–0
0.3
––
00
0.02
7A
L,Pr
ed S
WFe
nbut
atin
oxi
de13
356-
08-6
Inse
ctic
ide
0.03
3–
––
––
––
––
0.03
3A
L,Pr
ed S
WFe
npro
path
rin39
515-
41-8
Inse
ctic
ide
0.07
6–
––
––
––
––
0.07
6A
L,Pr
ed S
WFe
ntin
hyd
roxi
de (T
PTH
, Tr
iphe
nylti
n hy
drox
ide)
76-8
7-9
Fung
icid
e/
mol
lusc
-ic
ide/
he
rbic
ide
0.14
––
––
––
––
–0.
14A
L,Pr
ed S
W
Fipr
onil
1200
68-3
7-3
Inse
ctic
ide
0.01
1–
––
14.3
34.1
––
00.
20.
011
AL,
Pred
SW
Fipr
onil
sulfi
de12
0067
-83-
6D
egra
date
––
––
1321
.4–
–0
0.5
––
Fipr
onil
sulfo
ne12
0068
-36-
2D
egra
date
0.00
0043
––
–11
.417
.1–
–0.
10.
90.
0000
43A
L,Pr
ed S
WFl
umet
sula
m98
967-
40-9
Her
bici
de0.
0000
049
0.00
0016
––
1 65
(4
.1)
1.3
0.00
0023
–1.
61.
70.
0000
23H
H,P
red
GW
Flum
iclo
rac
487
546-
18-7
Her
bici
de0.
067
––
––
––
––
–0.
067
AL,
Pred
SW
Fluo
met
uron
2164
-17-
2H
erbi
cide
0.04
50.
085
0.25
0.23
11.3
0.7
0.03
9–
3.3
0.5
0.25
AL,
Mea
s SW
Fono
fos
944-
22-9
Inse
ctic
ide
––
0.17
0.00
314.
20.
6–
–0
00.
17A
L,M
eas
SWFo
nofo
s oxy
gen
anal
og94
4-21
-8D
egra
date
––
––
––
––
––
––
Form
etan
ate
hydr
ochl
orid
e23
422-
53-9
Inse
ctic
ide
0.20
––
––
––
––
–0.
20A
L,Pr
ed S
Wga
mm
a-H
CH
58-8
9-9
Inse
ctic
ide
0.06
60.
036
0.07
2–
12.
40.
76–
––
0.76
HH
,Pre
d G
WG
lyph
osat
e10
71-8
3-6
Her
bici
de0.
0086
0.00
62–
–38
.121
.90.
0010
–1.
60
0.00
86A
L,Pr
ed S
WH
alos
ulfu
ron-
met
hyl
1007
84-2
0-1
Her
bici
de0.
011
––
––
––
––
–0.
011
AL,
Pred
SW
Hex
azin
one
5123
5-04
-2H
erbi
cide
0.26
0.00
090
––
20.2
8.9
0.00
042
–5
3.5
0.26
AL,
Pred
SW
Hyd
roxy
acet
ochl
or60
090-
47-3
Deg
rada
te–
––
–2.
3–
––
0–
––
Hyd
roxy
alac
hlor
NAV
Deg
rada
te–
––
–0
––
–0
––
–H
ydro
xydi
met
hana
mid
NAV
Deg
rada
te–
––
–0
––
–0
––
–H
ydro
xym
etol
achl
or13
1068
-72-
9D
egra
date
––
––
22.5
––
–0
––
–
Results and Discussion 43
Tabl
e 5.
Be
nchm
ark
quot
ient
s an
d de
tect
ion
frequ
enci
es fo
r sur
face
wat
er a
nd g
roun
dwat
er fo
r Tie
r 1 p
estic
ides
and
deg
rada
tes
in w
ater
.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Bol
d in
dica
tes
benc
hmar
k qu
otie
nt (B
Q) g
reat
er th
an 0
.01.
Bol
d ita
lic in
dica
tes d
etec
tion
freq
uenc
y gr
eate
r tha
n 10
per
cent
. Abb
revi
atio
ns: A
G, a
gric
ultu
ral l
and
use;
AL,
aqu
atic
-life
; CA
S, C
hem
ical
Abs
tract
s Ser
vice
; GW
, gr
ound
wat
er; H
H, h
uman
-hea
lth; M
eas,
mea
sure
d co
ncen
tratio
n; M
X, m
ixed
land
use
; NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; N
AWQ
A, N
atio
nal W
ater
-Qua
lity
Ass
essm
ent P
rogr
am (U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey)
; OPP
, Offi
ce o
f Pe
stic
ide
Prog
ram
s; P
red,
pre
dict
ed c
once
ntra
tion;
SW
, sur
face
wat
er; U
R, u
rban
land
use
; µg/
L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; –,
non
e]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S
Regi
stry
N
umbe
r
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e
type
/use
Surf
ace
wat
erG
roun
dwat
er
Max
B
Q
valu
e
Max
B
Q
valu
e ty
pe
Pred
icte
d B
QM
easu
red
A
G o
r UR
BQ
(m
ax)
Mea
sure
d
dete
ctio
n
freq
uenc
y,
in p
erce
nt
Pred
icte
d B
Q
Mea
sure
d A
G, U
R or
M
X B
Q
(max
)
Mea
sure
d
dete
ctio
n
freq
uenc
y,
in p
erce
ntA
LH
HA
LH
HA
GU
RH
HH
HA
GU
RH
ydro
xysi
maz
ine
2599
-11-
3D
egra
date
––
––
––
––
––
––
Imaz
amox
1143
11-3
2-9
Her
bici
de0.
049
––
––
––
––
–0.
049
AL,
Pred
SW
Imaz
aqui
n81
335-
37-7
Her
bici
de0.
0000
018
0.00
0028
––
13.1
13.4
0.00
0076
–3.
24.
40.
0000
76H
H,P
red
GW
Imaz
etha
pyr
8133
5-77
-5H
erbi
cide
0.00
0012
0.00
013
––
15.2
2.2
0.00
0084
–3.
81
0.00
013
HH
,Pre
d SW
Imid
aclo
prid
1382
61-4
1-3
Inse
ctic
ide
0.67
0.00
030
––
3.1
70.
0004
5–
0.9
2.4
0.67
AL,
Pred
SW
Indo
xaca
rb17
3584
-44-
6In
sect
icid
e0.
28–
––
––
––
––
0.28
AL,
Pred
SW
Ipro
dion
e36
734-
19-7
Fung
icid
e0.
0011
0.04
2–
–3.
72
0.22
–0
00.
22H
H,P
red
GW
Isox
aflut
ole
1411
12-2
9-0
Her
bici
de0.
025
––
––
––
––
–0.
025
AL,
Pred
SW
Kre
soxi
m-m
ethy
l14
3390
-89-
0Fu
ngic
ide
0.04
7–
––
––
––
––
0.04
7A
L,Pr
ed S
WLi
nuro
n33
0-55
-2H
erbi
cide
1.0
0.00
403.
6–
3.4
0.08
0.03
4–
0.3
03.
6A
L,M
eas
SWM
alao
xon
1634
-78-
2D
egra
date
1.2
––
–0
0.2
––
00.
31.
2A
L,Pr
ed S
WM
alat
hion
121-
75-5
Inse
ctic
ide
0.00
181.
7E-1
014
,615
0.00
125.
416
.50.
0037
–0.
50.
214
,615
AL,
Mea
s SW
Man
eb12
427-
38-2
Fung
icid
e0.
010
––
––
––
––
–0.
010
AL,
Pred
SW
MB
C (C
arbe
ndaz
im)
1060
5-21
-7D
egra
date
0.33
––
––
––
––
–0.
33A
L,Pr
ed S
WM
CPA
(2-M
ethy
l-4-
chlo
roph
enox
yace
tic a
cid)
94-7
4-6
Her
bici
de0.
012
0.01
30.
0055
–3.
710
.80.
0077
–0
0.4
0.01
3H
H,P
red
SW
Met
alax
yl57
837-
19-1
Fung
icid
e0.
0000
600.
0000
28–
–33
.46.
90.
0002
5–
2.5
1.4
0.00
025
HH
,Pre
d G
WM
etam
sodi
um13
7-42
-8Fu
mig
ant/
herb
icid
e/
fung
icid
e/
mic
ro-
bioc
ide/
al
gaec
ide
0.32
––
––
––
––
–0.
32A
L,Pr
ed S
W
Met
cona
zole
1251
16-2
3-6
Fung
icid
e0.
011
––
––
––
––
–0.
011
AL,
Pred
SW
Met
ham
idop
hos
1026
5-92
-6In
sect
icid
e0.
011
––
––
––
––
–0.
011
AL,
Pred
SW
Met
hida
thio
n95
0-37
-8In
sect
icid
e0.
087
0.01
4–
–0.
70
0.15
–0
00.
15H
H,P
red
GW
44 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
5.
Benc
hmar
k qu
otie
nts
and
dete
ctio
n fre
quen
cies
for s
urfa
ce w
ater
and
gro
undw
ater
for T
ier 1
pes
ticid
es a
nd d
egra
date
s in
wat
er.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Bol
d in
dica
tes
benc
hmar
k qu
otie
nt (B
Q) g
reat
er th
an 0
.01.
Bol
d ita
lic in
dica
tes d
etec
tion
freq
uenc
y gr
eate
r tha
n 10
per
cent
. Abb
revi
atio
ns: A
G, a
gric
ultu
ral l
and
use;
AL,
aqu
atic
-life
; CA
S, C
hem
ical
Abs
tract
s Ser
vice
; GW
, gr
ound
wat
er; H
H, h
uman
-hea
lth; M
eas,
mea
sure
d co
ncen
tratio
n; M
X, m
ixed
land
use
; NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; N
AWQ
A, N
atio
nal W
ater
-Qua
lity
Ass
essm
ent P
rogr
am (U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey)
; OPP
, Offi
ce o
f Pe
stic
ide
Prog
ram
s; P
red,
pre
dict
ed c
once
ntra
tion;
SW
, sur
face
wat
er; U
R, u
rban
land
use
; µg/
L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; –,
non
e]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S
Regi
stry
N
umbe
r
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e
type
/use
Surf
ace
wat
erG
roun
dwat
er
Max
B
Q
valu
e
Max
B
Q
valu
e ty
pe
Pred
icte
d B
QM
easu
red
A
G o
r UR
BQ
(m
ax)
Mea
sure
d
dete
ctio
n
freq
uenc
y,
in p
erce
nt
Pred
icte
d B
Q
Mea
sure
d A
G, U
R or
M
X B
Q
(max
)
Mea
sure
d
dete
ctio
n
freq
uenc
y,
in p
erce
ntA
LH
HA
LH
HA
GU
RH
HH
HA
GU
RM
etho
myl
1675
2-77
-5In
sect
icid
e0.
370.
0003
30.
47–
1.4
0.4
0.00
088
–0.
20.
10.
47A
L,M
eas
SWM
etho
myl
-oxi
me
1374
9-94
-5D
egra
date
0.00
074
––
––
––
––
–0.
0007
4A
L,Pr
ed S
WM
etho
xych
lor
72-4
3-5
Inse
ctic
ide
0.27
0.00
0049
––
––
0.00
37–
––
0.27
AL,
Pred
SW
Met
hoxy
feno
zide
1610
50-5
8-4
Inse
ctic
ide
5.6
––
––
––
––
–5.
6A
L,Pr
ed S
WM
etol
achl
or51
218-
45-2
Her
bici
de2.
60.
0006
811
.60.
0034
80.6
46.7
0.00
026
0.00
067
18.1
8.8
11.6
AL,
Mea
s SW
Met
olac
hlor
ESA
17
1118
-09-
5D
egra
date
0.00
19–
––
89.5
––
–42
.341
.70.
0019
AL,
Pred
SW
Met
olac
hlor
OA
1520
19-7
3-3
Deg
rada
te0.
0061
––
–83
.9–
––
18.2
19.6
0.00
61A
L,Pr
ed S
WM
etrib
uzin
2108
7-64
-9H
erbi
cide
2.7
0.05
00.
420.
0050
18.2
4.3
0.00
250.
0003
13
0.8
2.7
AL,
Pred
SW
Mol
inat
e22
12-6
7-1
Her
bici
de0.
0096
0.26
0.38
11.3
11.6
0.9
0.22
–0.
50.
211
.3H
H,M
eas
SWM
yclo
buta
nil
8867
1-89
-0Fu
ngic
ide
0.00
0048
0.00
0070
––
611
.10.
0007
9–
0.3
00.
0007
9H
H,P
red
GW
Nal
ed30
0-76
-5In
sect
icid
e0.
028
0.00
0040
––
––
0.01
5–
––
0.02
8A
L,Pr
ed S
WN
icos
ulfu
ron
1119
91-0
9-4
Her
bici
de0.
0058
0.00
0006
3–
–1 53
(4
.5)
0.3
0.00
0018
–0.
40
0.00
58A
L,Pr
ed S
W
Nor
flura
zon
2731
4-13
-2H
erbi
cide
0.02
40.
0043
0.06
00.
043
8.7
1.4
0.01
70.
133.
70.
30.
13H
H,M
eas
GW
Nov
alur
on11
6714
-46-
6H
erbi
cide
0.02
9–
––
––
––
––
0.02
9A
L,Pr
ed S
WO
-Eth
yl-O
-met
hyl-
S-pr
opyl
phos
phor
othi
oate
7696
0-87
-7D
egra
date
––
––
00
––
0–
––
Ory
zalin
1904
4-88
-3H
erbi
cide
0.00
790.
011
0.12
–0.
82.
50.
060
–0.
060.
50.
12A
L,M
eas
SWO
xam
yl23
135-
22-0
Inse
ctic
ide
0.01
20.
0011
0.00
170.
0002
60.
50
0.00
10–
0.7
0.1
0.01
2A
L,Pr
ed S
WO
xam
yl o
xim
e30
558-
43-1
Deg
rada
te0.
016
––
––
––
––
–0.
016
AL,
Pred
SW
Oxy
fluor
fen
4287
4-03
-3H
erbi
cide
0.07
90.
0003
4–
–8.
30
0.01
0–
00
0.07
9A
L,Pr
ed S
W
Results and Discussion 45
Tabl
e 5.
Be
nchm
ark
quot
ient
s an
d de
tect
ion
frequ
enci
es fo
r sur
face
wat
er a
nd g
roun
dwat
er fo
r Tie
r 1 p
estic
ides
and
deg
rada
tes
in w
ater
.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Bol
d in
dica
tes
benc
hmar
k qu
otie
nt (B
Q) g
reat
er th
an 0
.01.
Bol
d ita
lic in
dica
tes d
etec
tion
freq
uenc
y gr
eate
r tha
n 10
per
cent
. Abb
revi
atio
ns: A
G, a
gric
ultu
ral l
and
use;
AL,
aqu
atic
-life
; CA
S, C
hem
ical
Abs
tract
s Ser
vice
; GW
, gr
ound
wat
er; H
H, h
uman
-hea
lth; M
eas,
mea
sure
d co
ncen
tratio
n; M
X, m
ixed
land
use
; NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; N
AWQ
A, N
atio
nal W
ater
-Qua
lity
Ass
essm
ent P
rogr
am (U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey)
; OPP
, Offi
ce o
f Pe
stic
ide
Prog
ram
s; P
red,
pre
dict
ed c
once
ntra
tion;
SW
, sur
face
wat
er; U
R, u
rban
land
use
; µg/
L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; –,
non
e]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S
Regi
stry
N
umbe
r
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e
type
/use
Surf
ace
wat
erG
roun
dwat
er
Max
B
Q
valu
e
Max
B
Q
valu
e ty
pe
Pred
icte
d B
QM
easu
red
A
G o
r UR
BQ
(m
ax)
Mea
sure
d
dete
ctio
n
freq
uenc
y,
in p
erce
nt
Pred
icte
d B
Q
Mea
sure
d A
G, U
R or
M
X B
Q
(max
)
Mea
sure
d
dete
ctio
n
freq
uenc
y,
in p
erce
ntA
LH
HA
LH
HA
GU
RH
HH
HA
GU
Rp,
pʹ-D
DE
(p,p
ʹ-D
ichl
orod
iphe
nyl-
dich
loro
ethy
lene
)
72-5
5-9
Deg
rada
te–
–30
0.08
04.
41.
8–
0.02
––
30.0
AL,
Mea
s SW
Para
oxon
-met
hyl
950-
35-6
Deg
rada
te1.
2–
––
00
––
00
1.2
AL,
Pred
SW
Para
quat
4685
-14-
7H
erbi
cide
0.58
0.00
60–
––
–0.
023
––
–0.
58A
L,Pr
ed S
WPa
rath
ion-
met
hyl
298-
00-0
Inse
ctic
ide
0.71
0.03
50.
88–
1.1
0.1
0.17
–0.
050
0.88
AL,
Mea
s SW
Pend
imet
halin
4048
7-42
-1H
erbi
cide
0.59
0.00
890.
140.
0017
10.0
12.6
0.00
41–
0.4
0.4
0.59
AL,
Pred
SW
Perm
ethr
in52
645-
53-1
Inse
ctic
ide
73.3
0.00
51Se
e ci
s-
perm
e-
thrin
See
cis-
pe
rme-
th
rin
See
cis-
pe
rme-
th
rin
See
cis-
pe
rme-
th
rin
0.04
3Se
e ci
s-
perm
e-
thrin
See
cis-
pe
rme-
th
rin
See
cis-
pe
rme-
th
rin
73.3
AL,
Pred
SW
Phor
ate
298-
02-2
Inse
ctic
ide
2.5
0.02
3–
–0.
10
0.04
8–
00
2.5
AL,
Pred
SW
Phor
ate
oxon
2600
-69-
3D
egra
date
0.00
036
––
–0
0–
–0
00.
0003
6A
L,Pr
ed S
WPh
osm
et73
2-11
-6In
sect
icid
e0.
230.
0045
––
00
0.02
6–
00
0.23
AL,
Pred
SW
Phos
met
oxo
n37
35-3
3-9
Deg
rada
te0.
0006
2–
––
00
––
00
0.00
062
AL,
Pred
SW
Pipe
rony
l but
oxid
e51
-03-
6Sy
nerg
ist
0.01
3–
––
––
––
––
0.01
3A
L,Pr
ed S
WPr
ofen
ofos
4119
8-08
-7In
sect
icid
e0.
190.
020
––
00
0.37
–0
–0.
37H
H,P
red
GW
Prom
eton
1610
-18-
0H
erbi
cide
––
0.01
80.
0025
4181
–0.
0012
10.9
20.1
0.01
8A
L,M
eas
SWPr
omet
ryn
7287
-19-
6H
erbi
cide
0.64
0.00
055
––
12.8
1.3
0.00
057
–2.
50.
40.
64A
L,Pr
ed S
WPr
onam
ide
2395
0-58
-5H
erbi
cide
0.00
0092
0.01
80.
0003
30.
035
2.8
2.5
0.16
–0.
20.
020.
16H
H,P
red
GW
Prop
anil
709-
98-8
Her
bici
de0.
170.
058
0.02
6–
1.8
0.8
0.03
7–
0.3
0.1
0.17
AL,
Pred
SW
Prop
argi
te23
12-3
5-8
Inse
ctic
ide
0.00
480.
013
2.2
1.2
2.6
0.2
0.21
–0.
050
2.2
AL,
Mea
s SW
Prop
azin
e13
9-40
-2H
erbi
cide
0.00
013
0.00
14–
–12
.30
0.00
15–
1.2
00.
0015
HH
,Pre
d G
WPr
opic
onaz
ole
6020
7-90
-1Fu
ngic
ide
0.01
10.
0029
––
9.8
2.2
0.00
25–
0.4
0.3
0.01
1A
L,Pr
ed S
WPr
opox
ur11
4-26
-1In
sect
icid
e–
–0.
020
–1.
35.
8–
–0.
20.
60.
020
AL,
Mea
s SW
46 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
5.
Benc
hmar
k qu
otie
nts
and
dete
ctio
n fre
quen
cies
for s
urfa
ce w
ater
and
gro
undw
ater
for T
ier 1
pes
ticid
es a
nd d
egra
date
s in
wat
er.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Bol
d in
dica
tes
benc
hmar
k qu
otie
nt (B
Q) g
reat
er th
an 0
.01.
Bol
d ita
lic in
dica
tes d
etec
tion
freq
uenc
y gr
eate
r tha
n 10
per
cent
. Abb
revi
atio
ns: A
G, a
gric
ultu
ral l
and
use;
AL,
aqu
atic
-life
; CA
S, C
hem
ical
Abs
tract
s Ser
vice
; GW
, gr
ound
wat
er; H
H, h
uman
-hea
lth; M
eas,
mea
sure
d co
ncen
tratio
n; M
X, m
ixed
land
use
; NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; N
AWQ
A, N
atio
nal W
ater
-Qua
lity
Ass
essm
ent P
rogr
am (U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey)
; OPP
, Offi
ce o
f Pe
stic
ide
Prog
ram
s; P
red,
pre
dict
ed c
once
ntra
tion;
SW
, sur
face
wat
er; U
R, u
rban
land
use
; µg/
L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; –,
non
e]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S
Regi
stry
N
umbe
r
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e
type
/use
Surf
ace
wat
erG
roun
dwat
er
Max
B
Q
valu
e
Max
B
Q
valu
e ty
pe
Pred
icte
d B
QM
easu
red
A
G o
r UR
BQ
(m
ax)
Mea
sure
d
dete
ctio
n
freq
uenc
y,
in p
erce
nt
Pred
icte
d B
Q
Mea
sure
d A
G, U
R or
M
X B
Q
(max
)
Mea
sure
d
dete
ctio
n
freq
uenc
y,
in p
erce
ntA
LH
HA
LH
HA
GU
RH
HH
HA
GU
RPr
osul
furo
n94
125-
34-5
Her
bici
de0.
036
0.00
12–
––
–0.
0015
––
–0.
036
AL,
Pred
SW
Pym
etro
zine
1233
12-8
9-0
Inse
ctic
ide
0.28
––
––
––
––
–0.
28A
L,Pr
ed S
WPy
racl
ostro
bin
1750
13-1
8-0
Fung
icid
e0.
055
0.00
016
––
––
0.00
096
––
–0.
055
AL,
Pred
SW
Pyre
thrin
s80
03-3
4-7
Inse
ctic
ide
0.25
––
––
––
––
–0.
25A
L,Pr
ed S
WPy
ridab
en96
489-
71-3
Inse
ctic
ide
0.02
8–
––
––
––
––
0.02
8A
L,Pr
ed S
WR
PA 2
0224
814
3701
-75-
1D
egra
date
0.00
72–
––
––
––
––
0.00
72A
L,Pr
ed S
WR
PA 2
0332
814
2994
-06-
7D
egra
date
0.00
0091
––
––
––
––
–0.
0000
91A
L,Pr
ed S
WSi
duro
n19
82-4
9-6
Her
bici
de–
––
–1
11–
–0.
090.
2–
–Si
maz
ine
122-
34-9
Her
bici
de0.
035
0.07
90.
250.
8953
.661
.80.
059
0.07
119
.217
.10.
89H
H,M
eas
SWS-
Met
olac
hlor
8739
2-12
-9H
erbi
cide
2.7
––
––
––
––
–2.
7A
L,Pr
ed S
WSu
lfom
etur
on-m
ethy
l74
222-
97-2
Her
bici
de–
––
–5.
216
.2–
–0.
60.
6–
–Su
lfosu
lfuro
n14
1776
-32-
1H
erbi
cide
0.96
––
––
––
––
–0.
96A
L,Pr
ed S
WTC
PSA
(Tric
hlor
opro
pene
su
lfoni
c ac
id)
6560
0-62
-6D
egra
date
––
––
––
––
––
––
Tebu
cona
zole
10
7534
-96-
3Fu
ngic
ide
0.00
014
––
–6.
415
––
00
0.00
014
AL,
Pred
SW
Tebu
pirim
fos
9618
2-53
-5In
sect
icid
e12
.9–
––
4.5
0–
–0
–12
.9A
L,Pr
ed S
WTe
bupi
rimfo
s oxy
gen
anal
ogue
NAV
Deg
rada
te–
––
–1.
10
––
0–
––
Tebu
thiu
ron
3401
4-18
-1H
erbi
cide
0.00
980.
0000
950.
032
0.00
068
22.1
28.6
0.00
015
0.00
011
2.2
5.4
0.03
2A
L,M
eas
SWTe
fluth
rin79
538-
32-2
Inse
ctic
ide
1.8
0.00
025
––
00
0.00
43–
00
1.8
AL,
Pred
SW
Teflu
thrin
met
abol
ite
[R 1
1936
4]N
AVD
egra
date
––
––
––
––
––
––
Teflu
thrin
met
abol
ite
[R 1
5291
2]N
AVD
egra
date
––
––
––
––
––
––
Terb
acil
5902
-51-
2H
erbi
cide
0.19
0.00
440.
0085
0.00
048
4.2
0.9
0.00
170.
0000
780.
81.
40.
19A
L,Pr
ed S
WTe
rbuf
os13
071-
79-9
Inse
ctic
ide
11.0
0.16
––
0.2
0.1
0.44
–0
0.2
11.0
AL,
Pred
SW
Terb
ufos
sulfo
ne56
070-
16-7
Deg
rada
te2.
2–
––
––
––
––
2.2
AL,
Pred
SW
Results and Discussion 47
Tabl
e 5.
Be
nchm
ark
quot
ient
s an
d de
tect
ion
frequ
enci
es fo
r sur
face
wat
er a
nd g
roun
dwat
er fo
r Tie
r 1 p
estic
ides
and
deg
rada
tes
in w
ater
.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Bol
d in
dica
tes
benc
hmar
k qu
otie
nt (B
Q) g
reat
er th
an 0
.01.
Bol
d ita
lic in
dica
tes d
etec
tion
freq
uenc
y gr
eate
r tha
n 10
per
cent
. Abb
revi
atio
ns: A
G, a
gric
ultu
ral l
and
use;
AL,
aqu
atic
-life
; CA
S, C
hem
ical
Abs
tract
s Ser
vice
; GW
, gr
ound
wat
er; H
H, h
uman
-hea
lth; M
eas,
mea
sure
d co
ncen
tratio
n; M
X, m
ixed
land
use
; NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; N
AWQ
A, N
atio
nal W
ater
-Qua
lity
Ass
essm
ent P
rogr
am (U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey)
; OPP
, Offi
ce o
f Pe
stic
ide
Prog
ram
s; P
red,
pre
dict
ed c
once
ntra
tion;
SW
, sur
face
wat
er; U
R, u
rban
land
use
; µg/
L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; –,
non
e]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S
Regi
stry
N
umbe
r
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e
type
/use
Surf
ace
wat
erG
roun
dwat
er
Max
B
Q
valu
e
Max
B
Q
valu
e ty
pe
Pred
icte
d B
QM
easu
red
A
G o
r UR
BQ
(m
ax)
Mea
sure
d
dete
ctio
n
freq
uenc
y,
in p
erce
nt
Pred
icte
d B
Q
Mea
sure
d A
G, U
R or
M
X B
Q
(max
)
Mea
sure
d
dete
ctio
n
freq
uenc
y,
in p
erce
ntA
LH
HA
LH
HA
GU
RH
HH
HA
GU
RTe
rbuf
os-O
-ana
logu
e su
lfone
5607
0-15
-6D
egra
date
0.00
12–
––
00.
2–
–0.
50
0.00
12A
L,Pr
ed S
WTe
rbut
hyla
zine
5915
-41-
3H
erbi
cide
––
––
8.8
17.3
––
00
––
Tetra
cona
zole
1122
81-7
7-3
Fung
icid
e0.
013
––
––
––
––
–0.
013
AL,
Pred
SW
Thio
benc
arb
2824
9-77
-6H
erbi
cide
0.23
0.00
076
4.4
0.00
154.
70.
70.
0022
–0.
10.
14.
4A
L,M
eas
SWtr
ans-
Met
hyl-3
-(2,
2-
dich
loro
viny
l)-2,
2-
dim
ethy
l-(1-
cycl
opro
pane
)-
carb
oxyl
ate
t618
98-9
5-1
Deg
rada
te–
––
–0
0–
–0
––
–
tran
s-Pr
opic
onaz
ole
t602
07-9
0-1
Fung
icid
eSe
e prop
i- co
nazo
le
See
pr
opi-
cona
zole
––
16.3
17.2
See
pr
opi-
cona
zole
–0.
40.
7–
–
Tria
llate
2303
-17-
5H
erbi
cide
0.00
390.
0004
10.
032
0.00
243.
61.
50.
0086
–0.
10.
090.
032
AL,
Mea
s SW
Trib
enur
on-m
ethy
l10
1200
-48-
0H
erbi
cide
0.00
250.
0090
––
––
0.02
6–
––
0.02
6H
H,P
red
GW
Trib
upho
s78
-48-
8D
efol
iant
0.17
0.00
76–
–0.
20
0.02
7–
00
0.17
AL,
Pred
SW
Tric
lopy
r55
335-
06-3
Her
bici
de0.
056
0.00
260.
034
–6.
39.
90.
0004
2–
00.
40.
056
AL,
Pred
SW
Trifl
oxys
trobi
n14
1517
-21-
7Fu
ngic
ide
0.05
80.
0000
92–
––
–0.
0005
4–
––
0.05
8A
L,Pr
ed S
WTr
iflur
alin
1582
-09-
8H
erbi
cide
0.72
0.00
754
0.07
10.
0010
1511
.60.
013
–0.
70.
60.
72A
L,Pr
ed S
WZi
ram
137-
30-4
Fung
icid
e0.
012
––
––
––
––
–0.
012
AL,
Pred
SW
1 D
etec
tion-
freq
uenc
y da
ta in
agr
icul
tura
l stre
ams f
or c
hlor
imur
on-e
thyl
, flum
etsu
lam
, and
nic
osul
furo
n co
me
from
Bat
tagl
in a
nd o
ther
s (20
00).
Det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncie
s in
pare
nthe
ses f
or th
ese
thre
e co
m-
poun
ds c
orre
spon
d to
det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy
in th
e N
AWQ
A a
gric
ultu
ral s
tream
s dat
aset
.2 D
icof
ol w
as e
valu
ated
usi
ng a
n A
L be
nchm
ark
base
d on
a U
SEPA
OPP
chr
onic
fish
toxi
city
val
ue o
f 1 μ
g/L,
resu
lting
in a
n A
L B
Q fo
r pre
dict
ed c
once
ntra
tions
in st
ream
s gre
ater
than
0.0
1. N
ewly
rele
ased
O
PP A
L be
nchm
arks
(Sep
tem
ber 2
010)
incl
ude
a ch
roni
c fis
h be
nchm
ark
of 4
.4 μ
g/L.
The
resu
lting
BQ
usi
ng th
e ne
w b
ench
mar
k is
less
than
0.0
1. B
ecau
se th
is is
the
only
reas
on d
icof
ol w
as p
lace
d in
Tie
r 1,
its p
riorit
y w
ould
hav
e be
en lo
wer
(Tie
r 3) i
f the
upd
ated
ben
chm
arks
had
bee
n av
aila
ble
whe
n th
e pr
iorit
izat
ion
was
per
form
ed.
3 End
otha
ll w
as e
valu
ated
usi
ng a
n A
L be
nchm
ark
base
d on
a U
SEPA
OPP
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
toxi
city
val
ue o
f 1.9
μg/
L, re
sulti
ng in
an
AL
BQ
for p
redi
cted
con
cent
ratio
ns in
stre
ams g
reat
er th
an
0.01
. New
ly re
leas
ed O
PP A
L be
nchm
arks
(Sep
tem
ber 2
010)
incl
ude
a ch
roni
c fis
h be
nchm
ark
of 1
,300
μg/
L fo
r end
otha
ll ac
id (h
owev
er th
ere
are
low
er b
ench
mar
k va
lues
for o
ther
form
ulat
ions
of e
ndot
hall,
in
clud
ing
a ch
roni
c in
verte
brat
e be
nchm
ark
of 2
.3 μ
g/L
for t
he N
,N-d
imet
hyla
lkyl
amin
e sa
lt). T
he re
sulti
ng B
Q u
sing
the
new
ben
chm
ark
for e
ndot
hall
is le
ss th
an 0
.01.
Bec
ause
this
is th
e on
ly re
ason
end
otha
ll w
as p
lace
d in
Tie
r 1, i
ts p
riorit
y w
ould
hav
e be
en lo
wer
(Tie
r 3) i
f the
upd
ated
ben
chm
arks
had
bee
n av
aila
ble
whe
n th
e pr
iorit
izat
ion
was
per
form
ed.
4 Flu
mic
lora
c w
as e
valu
ated
usi
ng a
n A
L be
nchm
ark
base
d on
a c
hron
ic fi
sh to
xici
ty v
alue
of 1
.49
μg/L
, est
imat
ed fr
om E
CO
SAR
, res
ultin
g in
an
AL
BQ
for p
redi
cted
con
cent
ratio
ns in
stre
ams g
reat
er th
an
0.01
. New
ly re
leas
ed O
PP A
L be
nchm
arks
(Sep
tem
ber 2
010)
incl
ude
an a
cute
fish
ben
chm
ark
of 5
50 μ
g/L
for fl
umic
lora
c-pe
ntyl
. The
resu
lting
BQ
usi
ng th
e ne
w b
ench
mar
k is
less
than
0.0
1. B
ecau
se th
is is
th
e on
ly re
ason
flum
iclo
rac
was
pla
ced
in T
ier 1
, its
prio
rity
wou
ld h
ave
been
low
er (T
ier 3
) if t
he u
pdat
ed b
ench
mar
ks h
ad b
een
avai
labl
e w
hen
the
prio
ritiz
atio
n w
as p
erfo
rmed
.
48 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods Development
Tier 1 pesticide compounds include a diverse range of chemical classes—nearly 40 unique classes in all. Five classes account for more than half of the total compounds in Tier 1: organophosphates are 15 percent, and acetanilides, triazines, carbamates, and ureas make up about 9 percent each (fig. 7). Four more chemical classes, azoles, anilines, organochlorines, and pyrethroids raise this to almost 75 percent of Tier 1 com-pounds, with the remainder made up of compounds in various other chemical classes (fig. 7).
Overall, of the 247 pesticide compounds in Tier 1, 142, or 57 percent, were identified as high priority because of poten-tial aquatic-life concerns; some of these compounds also could be high priority for human-health reasons (tables 4 and 5). Of the 142 compounds, 79 were classified on the basis of USEPA OPP’s aquatic-life benchmarks, and two compounds—dieldrin and p,pʹ-DDE—on the basis of USEPA NRWQC for aquatic life.
Potential concern for human health was the basis for Tier 1 classification of 61, or 25 percent, of the pesticide com-pounds; however, some of these compounds also could be high priority for aquatic-life reasons (tables 4 and 5). Of the 61 compounds, 40 are unregulated in drinking water and had BQ values calculated from USGS HBSLs. Many of the Tier 1 pesticide compounds are included in several national regula-tory programs related to drinking water. Of the compounds in Tier 1 for water, currently 12 are regulated in drinking water and have USEPA MCLs, and 29 compounds were included on USEPA’s most recently (September 2009) finalized CCL3. Further, 23 compounds have been monitored through USEPA’s UCM program and are included on the UCMR 1 or UCMR 2 lists (appendix 3).
Table 6. Counts summarizing the number of compounds that meet the criteria for Tier 1 for water.
[Abbreviations: AL, aquatic-life; BQ, benchmark quotient; DF, detection frequency; GW, groundwater; HH, human-health; SW, surface water; >, greater than; %, percent; –, none]
Medium: SW GW SW GWAll Tier 1
compounds 1Criterion
Measured AL BQ
Predicted AL BQ
Measured HH BQ
Predicted HH BQ
Measured HH BQ
Predicted HH BQ
DF >10%
Number of pesticide compounds
44 128 21 39 8 43 71 13 247
Percent of compounds with concentrations and benchmarks available
66 40 53 33 38 37 – – 79
1 Some pesticides meet more than one criteria for inclusion in Tier 1.
Other Important Compounds for Water–Tier 2A total of 97 pesticide compounds that are not in Tier 1
were identified as Tier 2, or moderate priority, because they are priorities of other agencies or organizations (appendix 3). Of these, eight have USEPA MCLs, and ten are on USEPA’s CCL3. While not meeting the criteria for Tier 1, these 18 com-pounds are considered higher priority for potential inclusion in analytical methods than other Tier 2 compounds because of their regulatory status or concern as potential drinking water contaminants (table 4). Five of the eight compounds that have MCLs (chlordane, endrin, heptachlor, heptachlor epoxide, and toxaphene) are organochlorine pesticides or degradates that also have USEPA NRWQC for aquatic life (table 4 and appendix 3); however, these are hydrophobic compounds that are unlikely to be detected in water. Additional agency or organization priorities contributed to classification of pesticide compounds as Tier 2, as described in the “Methods” section, including 14 compounds on the AAPCO SFIREG state list of pesticides of water quality concern; 16 compounds that have USEPA NRWQC for the protection of aquatic life; 9 com-pounds that have specific objectives for aquatic life from the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement; 10 compounds that have Canadian water-quality guidelines for aquatic life; and 45 compounds that have recent (1997–2008) active ingredient registration with USEPA.
Results and Discussion 49
sac11-0422_fig 05
Dete
ctio
n fr
eque
ncy,
in p
erce
nt
100
80
60
40
20
0
Dete
ctio
n fr
eque
ncy,
in p
erce
nt
100
80
60
40
20
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Streams
Groundwater
Percentage of compounds
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Percentage of compounds
Detection frequency = 10 percent
Agricultural (218 compounds)
Urban (188 compounds)
EXPLANATION
Detection frequency = 10 percent
Agricultural (216 compounds)
Urban (163 compounds)
EXPLANATION
Figure 5. Detection-frequency distributions for surface-water and groundwater pesticide datasets.
50 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods Development
Figure 7. Breakdown of Tier 1 pesticide compounds for water by chemical class.
Figure 6. Distribution of Tier 1 pesticide compounds for water among pesticide-use groups.
sac11-0422_fig 06
Fungicides8 percent
Herbicides28 percent
Fungicidedegradates2 percent
Fumigants,adjuvants,synergists2 percent
Insecticidedegradates16 percent
Insecticides22 percent
Herbicidedegradates22 percent
EXPLANATION
247 Tier 1 compounds
sac11-0422_fig 07
Acetanilides(23)
Organophosphates(38)
Triazines(23)
Ureas(21)
Azoles(17)
Anilines(14)
Carbamates(22)
Organochlorines(12)
Pyrethroids(12)
Amides(8)
StrobinsPyridines and pyridazinones
Polychlorinated aromaticsBenzoic acids
(4 in each)
Organotins and inorganicsImidazolinones
Chlorophenoxy acidsAliphatics(3 in each)
Other(29)
EXPLANATION
247 Tier 1 compounds
The number of compounds in each class is in parentheses.
Chemical classes with 2 or fewer compounds are aggregated to “Other”.
Results and Discussion 51
Sediment
Priority Pesticide Compounds for SedimentA total of 175 pesticide and degradate compounds,
29 percent of the 611 compounds evaluated, were classified as Tier 1 for sediment and, thus, are high priority for inclusion in analytical methods available for monitoring and studies. More than 60 percent (106 compounds) of these compounds are included in some USGS analytical method; however, some are spread across several research methods that are expensive to perform, and monitoring data are not extensive for many compounds. The remaining about 40 percent, or 69 compounds, including 27 degradates, of Tier 1 compounds for sediment are high priority as new analytes. The objective for analytical methods development for sediment is to enhance an existing analytical method that currently includes nearly half of the pesticide compounds in Tier 1 by adding as many additional Tier 1 compounds that are analytically compatible. These high priority compounds are listed in table 7, along with the respective reasons for their Tier 1 status. The “Pathway to Tier 1” column in table 7 corresponds to the pathways in the flow chart for sediment prioritization (fig. 3 and table 2).
An additional 68 pesticide compounds did not meet the criteria for Tier 1 and were categorized as Tier 2 (moderate priority) according to the flow chart for the evaluation for sedi-ment (fig. 3 and table 2). The remaining 368 pesticide com-pounds were not identified as analytical priorities for sediment at this time and were placed in Tier 3.
Basis for High Priority of Pesticide Compounds in Sediment
The reasons for the high priority status of the 175 Tier 1 pesticide compounds are summarized in figure 8. Broken down by the evaluation pathways (fig. 3 and table 2), a total of 62 compounds, or 35 percent, are high priority on the basis of measured occurrence (fig. 8 and table 7). Table 8 summarizes sediment detection-frequency data for pesticide compounds from the three USGS datasets. Pesticide compounds in Tier 1 include 36 compounds that were frequently detected in USGS monitoring studies (pathway P1) and 26 that have a combi-nation of moderate occurrence, potential toxicity to aquatic life, and pesticide use (pathway P2; fig. 8 and table 7). Of the 36 frequently detected pesticide compounds, 17 are organo-chlorine pesticides or degradates, most of which are legacy compounds without current use. A total of 74 compounds,
or 42 percent, are high priority on the basis of predicted likelihood of occurrence in sediment and either aquatic-life toxicity or pesticide use, or both (pathways P4 and P5; fig. 8 and table 7). The remaining 39 pesticide compounds, or 22 percent, were placed in Tier 1 for sediment because they are degradates of Tier 1 parent compounds (pathway DEG1) or as a result of other factors (pathway OF1; fig. 8 and table 7).
The thresholds and decision criteria used to classify pesticide compounds into tiers for sediment were intention-ally conservative, resulting in a relatively large number of Tier 1 compounds, 175 in total. These compounds could be prioritized within the group according to program objectives, such as trends focusing on legacy PBTs, characterization of sediment toxicity, pesticide fate in sediments, or occurrence of current high-use pesticide compounds. The thresholds and decision criteria used in the prioritization procedure can be modified in order to focus on the highest priority compounds for a given objective. For example, a focus on trends of PBTs in sediment could give higher priority to pesticide compounds that are the most stable, hydrophobic, and toxic. Modifying the thresholds for these three parameters, as shown in table 9 for example, would identify a higher priority group within Tier 1 with respect to this objective. Collectively, if these thresholds were modified as shown in table 9, there would be 107 higher priority pesticide compounds within Tier 1 for sediment, and 39 percent of Tier 1 compounds would be lower priority.
The distribution of Tier 1 pesticide compounds for sedi-ment by pesticide-use group is shown in figure 9. As with water, Tier 1 for sediment includes compounds from the major pesticide-use groups. The largest single group accounts for 45 percent of the total and is composed of insecticides, includ-ing acaricides, and degradates. An additional 36 percent are herbicides, including defoliants and plant-growth regulators, and their degradates, and fungicides and degradates round out the remaining 19 percent of Tier 1 compounds (fig. 9). Col-lectively, pesticide degradates make up almost 30 percent of Tier 1 compounds, and three-quarters of those were included in Tier 1 because of their parent pesticide. The pesticide type, use group, for each Tier 1 compound is shown in table 7.
Tier 1 compounds for sediment are represented by a wide range of chemical classes—about 30 unique classes in all. Organochlorines and their degradates compose the largest group of Tier 1 compounds at 17 percent; other groups include azoles at 13 percent, anilines and anilides at 10 percent, and pyrethroids at 9 percent (fig. 10).
52 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
7.
Tier
1 p
estic
ides
and
deg
rada
tes
in s
edim
ent w
ith p
athw
ays
for t
ier p
lace
men
t.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Pat
hway
s to
Tier
1
refe
r to
the
flow
cha
rt in
figu
re 3
and
are
des
crib
ed in
det
ail i
n ta
ble
2. A
bbre
viat
ions
: AL,
aqu
atic
-life
toxi
city
; CA
S, C
hem
ical
Abs
tract
s Ser
vice
; DEG
, deg
rada
te; G
LI, G
reat
Lak
es In
itiat
ive;
HL,
soil
half-
life;
HPV
, hig
h pr
oduc
tion
volu
me
chem
ical
; Kow
, oct
anol
-wat
er p
artit
ion
coef
ficie
nt; N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
OF,
oth
er fa
ctor
s; P
BT,
per
sist
ent,
bioa
ccum
ulat
ive
and
toxi
c; S
FIR
EG, S
tate
-FIF
RA
(Fed
eral
In
sect
icid
e, F
ungi
cide
, and
Rod
entic
ide A
ct) I
ssue
s Res
earc
h &
Eva
luat
ion
Gro
up; U
SEPA
, U.S
. Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy;
USG
S, U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey;
–, n
one]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry N
umbe
r
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e
type
/use
Prim
ary
pare
nt
pest
icid
e (if
deg
rada
te)
Chem
ical
cl
ass
Path
way
to
Ti
er 1
On
a U
SGS
sedi
men
t m
etho
d?
Oth
er
agen
cy
prio
rity
Indi
cato
r for
m
odify
ing
thre
shol
ds
show
n in
ta
ble
91,
3-D
icar
bam
oyl-2
,4,5
,6-te
trach
loro
benz
ene
NAV
Deg
rada
teC
hlor
otha
loni
lPo
lych
lorin
ated
ar
omat
ic d
egra
date
DEG
1Ye
s–
AL,
HL
1-C
arba
moy
l-3-c
yano
-4-h
ydro
xy-2
,5,6
-tri
chlo
robe
nzen
eN
AVD
egra
date
Chl
orot
halo
nil
Poly
chlo
rinat
ed
arom
atic
deg
rada
teD
EG1
Yes
––
2-(4
-tert
-but
ylph
enox
y)-C
yclo
hexa
nol
1942
-71-
8D
egra
date
Prop
argi
teA
lipha
tic a
lcoh
olD
EG1
No
––
2,6-
Die
thyl
anili
ne57
9-66
-8D
egra
date
Ala
chlo
rA
nilin
eD
EG1
Yes
USE
PA
HPV
–
2-[(
2-Et
hyl-6
-met
hylp
heny
l)am
ino]
-1-p
ropa
nol
6152
0-53
-4D
egra
date
Met
olac
hlor
Ani
line
DEG
1N
o–
HL
2-C
hlor
o-2,
6-di
ethy
lace
tani
lide
6967
-29-
9D
egra
date
Ala
chlo
rA
ceta
nilid
e de
grad
ate
DEG
1Ye
s–
Kow
, AL
2-C
hlor
o-N
-(2-
ethy
l-6-
met
hylp
heny
l)ace
tam
ide
(Ace
toch
lor/M
etol
achl
or, s
econ
dary
am
ide)
3242
8-71
-0D
egra
date
Ace
toch
lor,
m
etol
achl
orC
hlor
oace
tani
lide
degr
adat
eD
EG1
No
––
2-H
ydro
xyat
razi
ne21
63-6
8-0
Deg
rada
teA
trazi
neTr
iazi
neD
EG1
No
SFIR
EG–
3,4-
Dic
hlor
oani
line
95-7
6-1
Deg
rada
teD
iuro
nA
nilin
eP1
Yes
USE
PA
HPV
Kow
, AL
3,5-
Dic
hlor
oani
line
626-
43-7
Deg
rada
teIp
rodi
one
Ani
line
DEG
1Ye
s–
Kow
, AL,
H
L3-
Phen
oxyb
enzo
ic a
cid
3739
-38-
6D
egra
date
Cyp
erm
ethr
in
(and
oth
er
pyre
thro
ids)
Ben
zoic
aci
dD
EG1
No
–K
ow, A
L
3-Ph
enox
yben
zyl a
lcoh
ol13
826-
35-2
Deg
rada
tePe
rmet
hrin
Dip
heny
l eth
erD
EG1
No
USE
PA
HPV
–
4-(H
ydro
xym
ethy
l)pen
dim
etha
lin56
750-
76-6
Deg
rada
tePe
ndim
etha
linD
initr
oani
line
DEG
1N
o–
AL
4,4’
-Dic
hlor
oben
zoph
enon
e90
-98-
2D
egra
date
p,p′
-DD
T, d
icof
olO
rgan
ochl
orin
eD
EG1
No
––
4-H
ydro
xy-2
,5,6
-tric
hlor
oiso
phth
alon
itrile
NAV
Deg
rada
teC
hlor
otha
loni
lPo
lych
lorin
ated
ar
omat
ic d
egra
date
DEG
1Ye
s–
Kow
, AL,
H
LA
lach
lor
1597
2-60
-8H
erbi
cide
–C
hlor
oace
tani
lide
P2Ye
sSF
IREG
–A
lach
lor e
than
e su
lfoni
c ac
id (E
SA),
seco
ndar
y am
ide
NAV
Deg
rada
teA
lach
lor
Chl
oroa
ceta
nilid
e de
grad
ate
DEG
1N
o–
–
Ala
chlo
r sul
fyni
lace
tic a
cid
(SA
A)
1409
39-1
6-8
Deg
rada
teA
lach
lor
Chl
oroa
ceta
nilid
e de
grad
ate
DEG
1N
o–
–
Ald
rin30
9-00
-2In
sect
icid
e–
Org
anoc
hlor
ine
P2Ye
sU
SEPA
PB
T–
Alle
thrin
584-
79-2
Inse
ctic
ide
–Py
reth
roid
P4Ye
s–
–al
pha-
Endo
sulfa
n95
9-98
-8In
sect
icid
e–
Org
anoc
hlor
ine
P1Ye
s–
–
Tabl
e 7.
Ti
er 1
pes
ticid
es a
nd d
egra
date
s in
sed
imen
t with
pat
hway
s fo
r tie
r pla
cem
ent.
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Pat
hway
s to
Tier
1
refe
r to
the
flow
cha
rt in
figu
re 3
and
are
des
crib
ed in
det
ail i
n ta
ble
2. A
bbre
viat
ions
: AL,
aqu
atic
-life
toxi
city
; CA
S, C
hem
ical
Abs
tract
s Ser
vice
; DEG
, deg
rada
te; G
LI, G
reat
Lak
es In
itiat
ive;
HL,
soil
half-
life;
HPV
, hig
h pr
oduc
tion
volu
me
chem
ical
; Kow
, oct
anol
-wat
er p
artit
ion
coef
ficie
nt; N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
OF,
oth
er fa
ctor
s; P
BT,
per
sist
ent,
bioa
ccum
ulat
ive
and
toxi
c; S
FIR
EG, S
tate
-FIF
RA
(Fed
eral
In
sect
icid
e, F
ungi
cide
, and
Rod
entic
ide A
ct) I
ssue
s Res
earc
h &
Eva
luat
ion
Gro
up; U
SEPA
, U.S
. Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy;
USG
S, U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey;
–, n
one]
Results and Discussion 53
Tabl
e 7.
Ti
er 1
pes
ticid
es a
nd d
egra
date
s in
sed
imen
t with
pat
hway
s fo
r tie
r pla
cem
ent.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Pat
hway
s to
Tier
1
refe
r to
the
flow
cha
rt in
figu
re 3
and
are
des
crib
ed in
det
ail i
n ta
ble
2. A
bbre
viat
ions
: AL,
aqu
atic
-life
toxi
city
; CA
S, C
hem
ical
Abs
tract
s Ser
vice
; DEG
, deg
rada
te; G
LI, G
reat
Lak
es In
itiat
ive;
HL,
soil
half-
life;
HPV
, hig
h pr
oduc
tion
volu
me
chem
ical
; Kow
, oct
anol
-wat
er p
artit
ion
coef
ficie
nt; N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
OF,
oth
er fa
ctor
s; P
BT,
per
sist
ent,
bioa
ccum
ulat
ive
and
toxi
c; S
FIR
EG, S
tate
-FIF
RA
(Fed
eral
In
sect
icid
e, F
ungi
cide
, and
Rod
entic
ide A
ct) I
ssue
s Res
earc
h &
Eva
luat
ion
Gro
up; U
SEPA
, U.S
. Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy;
USG
S, U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey;
–, n
one]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry N
umbe
r
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e
type
/use
Prim
ary
pare
nt
pest
icid
e (if
deg
rada
te)
Chem
ical
cl
ass
Path
way
to
Ti
er 1
On
a U
SGS
sedi
men
t m
etho
d?
Oth
er
agen
cy
prio
rity
Indi
cato
r for
m
odify
ing
thre
shol
ds
show
n in
ta
ble
9al
pha-
HC
H (a
lpha
-Hex
achl
oroc
yclo
hexa
ne)
319-
84-6
Inse
ctic
ide
mix
ture
co
mpo
nent
, by
-pro
duct
, de
grad
ate
gam
ma-
HC
H
(and
oth
er
HC
H is
omer
s)
Org
anoc
hlor
ine
DEG
1 &
O
F1
Yes
USE
PA
GLI
Kow
, AL
Am
inom
ethy
lpho
spho
nic
acid
1066
-51-
9D
egra
date
Gly
phos
ate
Deg
rada
te o
f am
ino
acid
der
ivat
ive
P5Ye
s–
AL
Atra
zine
1912
-24-
9H
erbi
cide
–Tr
iazi
neP2
Yes
USE
PA H
PV,
SFI
REG
–
Ben
flura
lin18
61-4
0-1
Her
bici
de–
Din
itroa
nilin
eP4
Yes
–H
LB
enom
yl17
804-
35-2
Fung
icid
e–
Ben
zim
idaz
ole
P4N
o–
–B
ensu
lide
741-
58-2
Her
bici
de–
Org
anop
hosp
horo
usP4
No
–A
LB
enzy
lade
nine
1214
-39-
7Pl
ant g
row
th
regu
lato
r–
Bot
anic
alP4
No
–A
L, H
L
beta
-End
osul
fan
3321
3-65
-9In
sect
icid
e–
Org
anoc
hlor
ine
P2Ye
s–
–be
ta-H
CH
319-
85-7
Inse
ctic
ide
mix
ture
co
mpo
nent
, by
-pro
duct
, de
grad
ate
gam
ma-
HC
H
(and
oth
er
HC
H is
omer
s)
Org
anoc
hlor
ine
P1Ye
sU
SEPA
G
LI–
Bife
nthr
in82
657-
04-3
Inse
ctic
ide
–Py
reth
roid
P1Ye
s–
–B
rom
ucon
azol
e11
6255
-48-
2Fu
ngic
ide
–C
onaz
ole
P4Ye
s–
Kow
Bup
rofe
zin
6932
7-76
-0In
sect
icid
e–
Unc
lass
ified
P4N
o–
–B
utra
lin33
629-
47-9
Her
bici
de–
Din
itroa
nilin
eP4
No
––
Chl
orda
ne57
-74-
9In
sect
icid
e–
Org
anoc
hlor
ine
P1Ye
sU
SEPA
PB
T,
GLI
–
Chl
orot
halo
nil
1897
-45-
6Fu
ngic
ide
–Po
lych
lorin
ated
ar
omat
icP2
Yes
SFIR
EG–
Chl
orpy
rifos
2921
-88-
2In
sect
icid
e–
Org
anop
hosp
hate
P1Ye
sSF
IREG
–ci
s-C
hlor
dane
5103
-71-
9In
sect
icid
e–
Org
anoc
hlor
ine
P1Ye
sU
SEPA
G
LI–
cis-
Met
hyl-3
-(2,
2-di
chlo
rovi
nyl)-
2,2-
di
met
hyl-(
1-cy
clop
ropa
ne)-
carb
oxyl
ate
c618
98-9
5-1
Deg
rada
teC
yflut
hrin
Alip
hatic
aci
d es
ter
DEG
1N
o–
–
54 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
7.
Tier
1 p
estic
ides
and
deg
rada
tes
in s
edim
ent w
ith p
athw
ays
for t
ier p
lace
men
t.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Pat
hway
s to
Tier
1
refe
r to
the
flow
cha
rt in
figu
re 3
and
are
des
crib
ed in
det
ail i
n ta
ble
2. A
bbre
viat
ions
: AL,
aqu
atic
-life
toxi
city
; CA
S, C
hem
ical
Abs
tract
s Ser
vice
; DEG
, deg
rada
te; G
LI, G
reat
Lak
es In
itiat
ive;
HL,
soil
half-
life;
HPV
, hig
h pr
oduc
tion
volu
me
chem
ical
; Kow
, oct
anol
-wat
er p
artit
ion
coef
ficie
nt; N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
OF,
oth
er fa
ctor
s; P
BT,
per
sist
ent,
bioa
ccum
ulat
ive
and
toxi
c; S
FIR
EG, S
tate
-FIF
RA
(Fed
eral
In
sect
icid
e, F
ungi
cide
, and
Rod
entic
ide A
ct) I
ssue
s Res
earc
h &
Eva
luat
ion
Gro
up; U
SEPA
, U.S
. Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy;
USG
S, U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey;
–, n
one]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry N
umbe
r
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e
type
/use
Prim
ary
pare
nt
pest
icid
e (if
deg
rada
te)
Chem
ical
cl
ass
Path
way
to
Ti
er 1
On
a U
SGS
sedi
men
t m
etho
d?
Oth
er
agen
cy
prio
rity
Indi
cato
r for
m
odify
ing
thre
shol
ds
show
n in
ta
ble
9ci
s-N
onac
hlor
5103
-73-
1In
sect
icid
e;
com
pone
nt o
f tot
al
chlo
rdan
e,
by-p
rodu
ct o
f te
chni
cal
ch
lord
ane
–O
rgan
ochl
orin
eP1
Yes
––
cis-
Perm
ethr
in61
949-
76-6
Inse
ctic
ide
–Py
reth
roid
P1Ye
s–
–ci
s-Pr
opic
onaz
ole
c602
07-9
0-1
Fung
icid
e–
Con
azol
eP4
Yes
–A
LC
lofe
ntez
ine
7411
5-24
-5In
sect
icid
e–
Tetra
zine
P4N
o–
AL
Cop
per h
ydro
xide
2042
7-59
-2Fu
ngic
ide/
m
icro
bioc
ide/
ne
mat
icid
e
–In
orga
nic
copp
erP5
Yes
–A
L
Cop
per s
ulfa
te77
58-9
8-7
Fung
icid
e/
alga
ecid
e/
mol
lusc
icid
e
–In
orga
nic
copp
erP4
Yes
––
Cou
maf
os56
-72-
4In
sect
icid
e/
acar
icid
e–
Org
anop
hosp
horo
usP4
No
––
Cyfl
uthr
in68
359-
37-5
Inse
ctic
ide
–Py
reth
roid
P2Ye
s–
–C
yhal
othr
in-g
amm
a76
703-
62-3
Inse
ctic
ide
–Py
reth
roid
P1Ye
s–
–C
yhal
othr
in (l
ambd
a-C
yhal
othr
in)
9146
5-08
-6In
sect
icid
e–
Pyre
thro
idP1
Yes
SFIR
EG–
Cyp
erm
ethr
in52
315-
07-8
Inse
ctic
ide
–Py
reth
roid
P2Ye
s–
–C
ypro
cona
zole
9436
1-06
-5Fu
ngic
ide
–C
onaz
ole
P2Ye
s–
AL
Cyp
rodi
nil
1215
52-6
1-2
Fung
icid
e–
Pyrim
idin
eP4
Yes
–H
LC
ytok
inin
s52
5-79
-1Pl
ant g
row
th
regu
lato
r–
Bot
anic
alP4
No
–A
L
Dac
thal
1861
-32-
1H
erbi
cide
–C
hlor
oben
zoic
aci
d es
ter
P1Ye
sSF
IREG
–
Dac
thal
mon
oaci
d88
7-54
-7D
egra
date
Dac
thal
Chl
orob
enzo
ic a
cid
este
rD
EG1
No
SFIR
EGK
ow, A
L
Dec
hlor
oala
chlo
rN
AVD
egra
date
Ala
chlo
rC
hlor
oace
tani
lide
degr
adat
eD
EG1
No
––
Dec
hlor
omet
olac
hlor
NAV
Deg
rada
teM
etol
achl
orC
hlor
oace
tani
lide
degr
adat
eD
EG1
No
––
Results and Discussion 55
Tabl
e 7.
Ti
er 1
pes
ticid
es a
nd d
egra
date
s in
sed
imen
t with
pat
hway
s fo
r tie
r pla
cem
ent.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Pat
hway
s to
Tier
1
refe
r to
the
flow
cha
rt in
figu
re 3
and
are
des
crib
ed in
det
ail i
n ta
ble
2. A
bbre
viat
ions
: AL,
aqu
atic
-life
toxi
city
; CA
S, C
hem
ical
Abs
tract
s Ser
vice
; DEG
, deg
rada
te; G
LI, G
reat
Lak
es In
itiat
ive;
HL,
soil
half-
life;
HPV
, hig
h pr
oduc
tion
volu
me
chem
ical
; Kow
, oct
anol
-wat
er p
artit
ion
coef
ficie
nt; N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
OF,
oth
er fa
ctor
s; P
BT,
per
sist
ent,
bioa
ccum
ulat
ive
and
toxi
c; S
FIR
EG, S
tate
-FIF
RA
(Fed
eral
In
sect
icid
e, F
ungi
cide
, and
Rod
entic
ide A
ct) I
ssue
s Res
earc
h &
Eva
luat
ion
Gro
up; U
SEPA
, U.S
. Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy;
USG
S, U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey;
–, n
one]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry N
umbe
r
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e
type
/use
Prim
ary
pare
nt
pest
icid
e (if
deg
rada
te)
Chem
ical
cl
ass
Path
way
to
Ti
er 1
On
a U
SGS
sedi
men
t m
etho
d?
Oth
er
agen
cy
prio
rity
Indi
cato
r for
m
odify
ing
thre
shol
ds
show
n in
ta
ble
9D
eeth
ylhy
drox
yatra
zine
NAV
Deg
rada
teA
trazi
ne,
cyan
azin
e,
sim
azin
e
Tria
zine
DEG
1N
o–
–
Dei
sopr
opyl
pro
met
ryn
NAV
Deg
rada
tePr
omet
ryn
Tria
zine
DEG
1N
o–
–de
lta-H
CH
319-
86-8
Inse
ctic
ide
mix
ture
co
mpo
nent
, by
-pro
duct
, de
grad
ate
gam
ma-
HC
H
(and
oth
er
HC
H is
omer
s)
Org
anoc
hlor
ine
P1Ye
sU
SEPA
G
LI–
Des
ulfin
ylfip
roni
l (M
B46
513)
NAV
Deg
rada
teFi
pron
ilPh
enyl
pyra
zole
de
grad
ate
DEG
1Ye
s–
–
Des
ulfin
ylfip
roni
l am
ide
(RPA
105
048)
NAV
Deg
rada
teFi
pron
ilPh
enyl
pyra
zole
de
grad
ate
DEG
1Ye
s–
–
Dia
zino
n33
3-41
-5In
sect
icid
e–
Org
anot
hiop
hosp
hate
P2Ye
sSF
IREG
–D
icof
ol11
5-32
-2In
sect
icid
e–
Org
anoc
hlor
ine
P4N
o–
–D
ield
rin60
-57-
1In
sect
icid
e–
Org
anoc
hlor
ine
P1Ye
sU
SEPA
G
LI–
Dife
ncon
azol
e11
9446
-68-
3Fu
ngic
ide
–C
onaz
ole
P4Ye
s–
AL
Dife
nzoq
uat
4986
6-87
-7H
erbi
cide
–Py
razo
leP4
No
–A
LD
iqua
t85
-00-
7H
erbi
cide
–B
ipyr
idyl
ium
P4N
o–
–D
isul
foto
n29
8-04
-4In
sect
icid
e–
Org
anot
hiop
hosp
hate
P4Ye
s–
HL
Dith
iopy
r97
886-
45-8
Her
bici
de–
Pyrid
ine
P4N
o–
–D
iuro
n33
0-54
-1H
erbi
cide
–U
rea
OF1
No
USE
PA
HPV
, SF
IREG
Kow
Emam
ectin
1555
69-9
1-8
Inse
ctic
ide
–B
otan
ical
, ave
rmec
tinP4
No
––
Endo
sulfa
n11
5-29
-7In
sect
icid
e–
Org
anoc
hlor
ine
P1Ye
sSF
IREG
–En
dosu
lfan
ethe
r33
69-5
2-6
Deg
rada
teal
pha-
Endo
sulfa
nO
rgan
ochl
orin
eD
EG1
No
––
Endo
sulfa
n su
lfate
1031
-07-
8D
egra
date
Endo
sulfa
nO
rgan
ochl
orin
eD
EG1
Yes
––
EPTC
(S-E
thyl
dip
ropy
lthio
carb
amat
e)
759-
94-4
Her
bici
de–
Thio
carb
amat
eP1
Yes
––
Esfe
nval
erat
e66
230-
04-4
Inse
ctic
ide
–Py
reth
roid
P1Ye
sSF
IREG
–Et
halfl
ural
in55
283-
68-6
Her
bici
de–
Din
itroa
nilin
eP2
Yes
––
Fena
rimol
6016
8-88
-9Fu
ngic
ide
–Py
rimid
ine
P4Ye
s–
Kow
, AL
Fenb
ucon
azol
e11
4369
-43-
6Fu
ngic
ide
–C
onaz
ole
P4Ye
s–
AL
56 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
7.
Tier
1 p
estic
ides
and
deg
rada
tes
in s
edim
ent w
ith p
athw
ays
for t
ier p
lace
men
t.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Pat
hway
s to
Tier
1
refe
r to
the
flow
cha
rt in
figu
re 3
and
are
des
crib
ed in
det
ail i
n ta
ble
2. A
bbre
viat
ions
: AL,
aqu
atic
-life
toxi
city
; CA
S, C
hem
ical
Abs
tract
s Ser
vice
; DEG
, deg
rada
te; G
LI, G
reat
Lak
es In
itiat
ive;
HL,
soil
half-
life;
HPV
, hig
h pr
oduc
tion
volu
me
chem
ical
; Kow
, oct
anol
-wat
er p
artit
ion
coef
ficie
nt; N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
OF,
oth
er fa
ctor
s; P
BT,
per
sist
ent,
bioa
ccum
ulat
ive
and
toxi
c; S
FIR
EG, S
tate
-FIF
RA
(Fed
eral
In
sect
icid
e, F
ungi
cide
, and
Rod
entic
ide A
ct) I
ssue
s Res
earc
h &
Eva
luat
ion
Gro
up; U
SEPA
, U.S
. Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy;
USG
S, U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey;
–, n
one]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry N
umbe
r
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e
type
/use
Prim
ary
pare
nt
pest
icid
e (if
deg
rada
te)
Chem
ical
cl
ass
Path
way
to
Ti
er 1
On
a U
SGS
sedi
men
t m
etho
d?
Oth
er
agen
cy
prio
rity
Indi
cato
r for
m
odify
ing
thre
shol
ds
show
n in
ta
ble
9Fe
nbut
atin
oxi
de13
356-
08-6
Inse
ctic
ide
–O
rgan
otin
P4N
o–
–Fe
npro
path
rin39
515-
41-8
Inse
ctic
ide
–Py
reth
roid
P2Ye
s–
–Fe
npyr
oxim
ate
1340
98-6
1-6
Inse
ctic
ide
–Py
razo
leP4
No
–A
L, H
LFe
nthi
on55
-38-
9In
sect
icid
e–
Org
anop
hosp
horo
usP4
Yes
–H
LFe
nthi
on su
lfone
oxy
gen
anal
ogN
AVD
egra
date
Fent
hion
Org
anop
hosp
horo
usD
EG1
No
––
Fent
in h
ydro
xide
(TPT
H, T
riphe
nylti
n hy
drox
ide)
76-8
7-9
Fung
icid
e/
mol
lusc
icid
e/
herb
icid
e
–O
rgan
otin
P4N
oU
SEPA
H
PV–
Fenv
aler
ate
5163
0-58
-1In
sect
icid
e–
Pyre
thro
idP4
No
–H
LFi
pron
il12
0068
-37-
3In
sect
icid
e–
Phen
ylpy
razo
leP2
Yes
––
Fipr
onil
sulfi
de12
0067
-83-
6D
egra
date
Fipr
onil
Phen
ylpy
razo
le
degr
adat
eD
EG1
Yes
––
Fipr
onil
sulfo
ne12
0068
-36-
2D
egra
date
Fipr
onil
Phen
ylpy
razo
le
degr
adat
eP2
Yes
–A
L
Flua
zina
m79
622-
59-6
Fung
icid
e–
Pyrid
ine
P4Ye
s–
–Fl
udio
xoni
l13
1341
-86-
1Fu
ngic
ide
–Py
rrol
eP4
Yes
–A
LFl
ufen
acet
1424
59-5
8-3
Her
bici
de–
Ani
lide
P4N
o–
Kow
, AL,
H
LFl
ufen
acet
ESA
NAV
Deg
rada
teFl
ufen
acet
Ani
lide
degr
adat
e -s
ulfo
nic
acid
DEG
1N
o–
–
Fluf
enac
et o
xani
lic a
cid
(OA
)N
AVD
egra
date
Fluf
enac
etA
nilid
e de
grad
ate
-oxa
nilic
aci
dD
EG1
No
–H
L
Flum
etra
lin62
924-
70-3
Plan
t gro
wth
re
gula
tor
–D
initr
oani
line
P4N
o–
–
Flut
olan
il66
332-
96-5
Fung
icid
e–
Ani
lide
P4N
o–
Kow
, AL
gam
ma-
HC
H58
-89-
9In
sect
icid
e–
Org
anoc
hlor
ine
P1Ye
sU
SEPA
G
LI,
SFIR
EG
–
Gly
phos
ate
1071
-83-
6H
erbi
cide
–A
min
o ac
id d
eriv
ativ
eP4
Yes
SFIR
EGA
L, H
LH
epta
chlo
r76
-44-
8In
sect
icid
e–
Org
anoc
hlor
ine
P2Ye
sU
SEPA
PB
T–
Hep
tach
lor e
poxi
de10
24-5
7-3
Deg
rada
teH
epta
chlo
rO
rgan
ochl
orin
eP1
Yes
––
Hex
achl
orob
enze
ne11
8-74
-1In
sect
icid
e–
Org
anoc
hlor
ine
P2Ye
s–
–H
ydro
xyal
achl
orN
AVD
egra
date
Ala
chlo
rC
hlor
oace
tani
lide
degr
adat
eD
EG1
No
––
Results and Discussion 57
Tabl
e 7.
Ti
er 1
pes
ticid
es a
nd d
egra
date
s in
sed
imen
t with
pat
hway
s fo
r tie
r pla
cem
ent.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Pat
hway
s to
Tier
1
refe
r to
the
flow
cha
rt in
figu
re 3
and
are
des
crib
ed in
det
ail i
n ta
ble
2. A
bbre
viat
ions
: AL,
aqu
atic
-life
toxi
city
; CA
S, C
hem
ical
Abs
tract
s Ser
vice
; DEG
, deg
rada
te; G
LI, G
reat
Lak
es In
itiat
ive;
HL,
soil
half-
life;
HPV
, hig
h pr
oduc
tion
volu
me
chem
ical
; Kow
, oct
anol
-wat
er p
artit
ion
coef
ficie
nt; N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
OF,
oth
er fa
ctor
s; P
BT,
per
sist
ent,
bioa
ccum
ulat
ive
and
toxi
c; S
FIR
EG, S
tate
-FIF
RA
(Fed
eral
In
sect
icid
e, F
ungi
cide
, and
Rod
entic
ide A
ct) I
ssue
s Res
earc
h &
Eva
luat
ion
Gro
up; U
SEPA
, U.S
. Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy;
USG
S, U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey;
–, n
one]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry N
umbe
r
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e
type
/use
Prim
ary
pare
nt
pest
icid
e (if
deg
rada
te)
Chem
ical
cl
ass
Path
way
to
Ti
er 1
On
a U
SGS
sedi
men
t m
etho
d?
Oth
er
agen
cy
prio
rity
Indi
cato
r for
m
odify
ing
thre
shol
ds
show
n in
ta
ble
9H
ydro
xym
etol
achl
or13
1068
-72-
9D
egra
date
Met
olac
hlor
Chl
oroa
ceta
nilid
e de
grad
ate
DEG
1N
o–
–
Imaz
amox
1143
11-3
2-9
Her
bici
de–
Imid
azol
inon
eP4
No
––
Ipro
dion
e36
734-
19-7
Fung
icid
e–
Dic
arbo
xim
ide
P1Ye
s–
–Is
oxab
en82
558-
50-7
Her
bici
de–
Am
ide
P4N
o–
Kow
Kre
soxi
m-m
ethy
l14
3390
-89-
0Fu
ngic
ide
–St
robi
nP4
Yes
–K
owM
etco
nazo
le12
5116
-23-
6Fu
ngic
ide
–C
onaz
ole
P4Ye
s–
AL
Met
hoxy
chlo
r72
-43-
5In
sect
icid
e–
Org
anoc
hlor
ine
P2Ye
sU
SEPA
PB
T–
Met
hoxy
feno
zide
1610
50-5
8-4
Inse
ctic
ide
–D
iacy
lhyd
razi
ne
P4N
o–
Kow
Met
olac
hlor
5121
8-45
-2H
erbi
cide
–C
hlor
oace
tani
lide
P1Ye
sSF
IREG
–M
irex
2385
-85-
5In
sect
icid
e–
Org
anoc
hlor
ine
P2Ye
sU
SEPA
G
LI–
Myc
lobu
tani
l88
671-
89-0
Fung
icid
e–
Con
azol
eP1
Yes
––
Nap
hthy
lace
tam
ide
86-8
6-2
Plan
t gro
wth
re
gula
tor
–B
otan
ical
, nap
htha
lene
ac
etic
aci
d de
rivat
ive
P4Ye
s–
AL
Nap
ropa
mid
e15
299-
99-7
Her
bici
de–
Am
ide
P2Ye
sSF
IREG
AL
Nov
alur
on11
6714
-46-
6H
erbi
cide
–B
enzo
ylur
eaP4
No
––
o,p′
-DD
D (o
,p′-D
ichl
orod
iphe
nyl-d
ichl
oroe
than
e)53
-19-
0D
egra
date
DD
TO
rgan
ochl
orin
eP1
Yes
USE
PA
GLI
–
o,p′
-DD
E (o
,p′-D
ichl
orod
iphe
nyl-d
ichl
oroe
thyl
ene)
3424
-82-
6D
egra
date
DD
TO
rgan
ochl
orin
eP2
Yes
USE
PA
GLI
–
o,p′
-DD
T (o
,p′-D
ichl
orod
iphe
nyl-t
richl
oroe
than
e)78
9-02
-6D
egra
date
DD
TO
rgan
ochl
orin
eP2
Yes
USE
PA
GLI
–
Ory
zalin
1904
4-88
-3H
erbi
cide
–D
initr
oani
line
P4N
o–
Kow
Oxa
diaz
on19
666-
30-9
Her
bici
de–
Oxa
diaz
olon
eP4
No
––
Oxy
chlo
rdan
e27
304-
13-8
Deg
rada
te;
com
pone
nt o
f to
tal c
hlor
dane
Chl
orda
neO
rgan
ochl
orin
eP1
Yes
––
Oxy
fluor
fen
4287
4-03
-3H
erbi
cide
–D
iphe
nyl e
ther
P1Ye
s–
–p,
p′-D
DD
72-5
4-8
Deg
rada
teD
DT
Org
anoc
hlor
ine
P1Ye
sU
SEPA
G
LI–
p,p′
-DD
E72
-55-
9D
egra
date
DD
TO
rgan
ochl
orin
eP1
Yes
USE
PA
GLI
–
58 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
7.
Tier
1 p
estic
ides
and
deg
rada
tes
in s
edim
ent w
ith p
athw
ays
for t
ier p
lace
men
t.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Pat
hway
s to
Tier
1
refe
r to
the
flow
cha
rt in
figu
re 3
and
are
des
crib
ed in
det
ail i
n ta
ble
2. A
bbre
viat
ions
: AL,
aqu
atic
-life
toxi
city
; CA
S, C
hem
ical
Abs
tract
s Ser
vice
; DEG
, deg
rada
te; G
LI, G
reat
Lak
es In
itiat
ive;
HL,
soil
half-
life;
HPV
, hig
h pr
oduc
tion
volu
me
chem
ical
; Kow
, oct
anol
-wat
er p
artit
ion
coef
ficie
nt; N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
OF,
oth
er fa
ctor
s; P
BT,
per
sist
ent,
bioa
ccum
ulat
ive
and
toxi
c; S
FIR
EG, S
tate
-FIF
RA
(Fed
eral
In
sect
icid
e, F
ungi
cide
, and
Rod
entic
ide A
ct) I
ssue
s Res
earc
h &
Eva
luat
ion
Gro
up; U
SEPA
, U.S
. Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy;
USG
S, U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey;
–, n
one]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry N
umbe
r
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e
type
/use
Prim
ary
pare
nt
pest
icid
e (if
deg
rada
te)
Chem
ical
cl
ass
Path
way
to
Ti
er 1
On
a U
SGS
sedi
men
t m
etho
d?
Oth
er
agen
cy
prio
rity
Indi
cato
r for
m
odify
ing
thre
shol
ds
show
n in
ta
ble
9p,
p′-D
DT
50-2
9-3
Inse
ctic
ide/
ac
aric
ide
–O
rgan
ochl
orin
eP1
Yes
USE
PA
GLI
–
Pacl
obut
razo
l76
738-
62-0
Plan
t gro
wth
re
gula
tor
–A
zole
P4N
o–
Kow
, AL
Para
quat
4685
-14-
7H
erbi
cide
–B
ipyr
idyl
ium
P4Ye
s–
–Pa
rath
ion-
met
hyl
298-
00-0
Inse
ctic
ide
–O
rgan
othi
opho
spha
teP2
Yes
––
PCN
B (P
enta
chlo
roni
trobe
nzen
e)82
-68-
8Fu
ngic
ide
–Su
bstit
uted
ben
zene
P4Ye
s–
AL
Pebu
late
1114
-71-
2H
erbi
cide
–Th
ioca
rbam
ate
P2Ye
s–
AL
Pend
imet
halin
4048
7-42
-1H
erbi
cide
–D
initr
oani
line
P1Ye
sU
SEPA
PB
T,
SFIR
EG
–
Pent
achl
oroa
niso
le18
25-2
1-4
Deg
rada
tePe
ntac
hlor
ophe
nol
Subs
titut
ed b
enze
neP2
Yes
––
Perm
ethr
in52
645-
53-1
Inse
ctic
ide
–Py
reth
roid
P1Ye
s–
–Ph
enm
edip
ham
1368
4-63
-4H
erbi
cide
–C
arba
mat
eP4
No
–K
ow, A
L,
HL
Phor
ate
298-
02-2
Inse
ctic
ide
–O
rgan
othi
opho
spha
teP4
Yes
–K
owPr
odia
min
e29
091-
21-2
Her
bici
de–
Din
itroa
nilin
eP4
No
–A
LPr
omet
ryn
7287
-19-
6H
erbi
cide
–Tr
iazi
neP1
Yes
SFIR
EGK
owPr
onam
ide
2395
0-58
-5H
erbi
cide
–A
mid
eP4
Yes
–K
ow, A
LPr
opar
gite
2312
-35-
8In
sect
icid
e–
Sulfi
te e
ster
P4Ye
s–
–Pr
opic
onaz
ole
6020
7-90
-1Fu
ngic
ide
–C
onaz
ole
P4Ye
sSF
IREG
Kow
, AL
Pym
etro
zine
1233
12-8
9-0
Inse
ctic
ide
–Py
ridin
e az
omet
hine
sP4
No
–H
LPy
racl
ostro
bin
1750
13-1
8-0
Fung
icid
e–
Stro
bin
P4Ye
s–
–Py
ridab
en96
489-
71-3
Inse
ctic
ide
–Py
ridaz
inon
eP4
No
––
Qui
nclo
rac
8408
7-01
-4H
erbi
cide
–Q
uino
linec
arbo
xylic
ac
idP4
No
–A
L
Qui
noxy
fen
1244
95-1
8-7
Fung
icid
e–
Qui
nolin
eP4
No
–A
LSa
badi
lla80
51-0
2-3
Inse
ctic
ide
–B
otan
ical
P4N
o–
AL
S-M
etol
achl
or87
392-
12-9
Her
bici
de–
Chl
oroa
ceta
nilid
eP1
No
––
TCPS
A (T
richl
orop
rope
ne su
lfoni
c ac
id)
6560
0-62
-6D
egra
date
Tria
llate
Sulfo
nic
acid
est
erD
EG1
No
––
Tebu
cona
zole
10
7534
-96-
3Fu
ngic
ide
–C
onaz
ole
P4Ye
s–
Kow
, AL
Tebu
feno
zide
1124
10-2
3-8
Inse
ctic
ide
–D
iacy
lhyd
razi
neP4
No
–A
LTe
bupi
rimfo
s96
182-
53-5
Inse
ctic
ide
–O
rgan
othi
opho
spha
teP4
No
––
Tebu
pirim
fos o
xyge
n an
alog
ueN
AVD
egra
date
Tebu
pirim
fos
Org
anop
hosp
hate
DEG
1N
o–
–
Results and Discussion 59
Tabl
e 7.
Ti
er 1
pes
ticid
es a
nd d
egra
date
s in
sed
imen
t with
pat
hway
s fo
r tie
r pla
cem
ent.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Pat
hway
s to
Tier
1
refe
r to
the
flow
cha
rt in
figu
re 3
and
are
des
crib
ed in
det
ail i
n ta
ble
2. A
bbre
viat
ions
: AL,
aqu
atic
-life
toxi
city
; CA
S, C
hem
ical
Abs
tract
s Ser
vice
; DEG
, deg
rada
te; G
LI, G
reat
Lak
es In
itiat
ive;
HL,
soil
half-
life;
HPV
, hig
h pr
oduc
tion
volu
me
chem
ical
; Kow
, oct
anol
-wat
er p
artit
ion
coef
ficie
nt; N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
OF,
oth
er fa
ctor
s; P
BT,
per
sist
ent,
bioa
ccum
ulat
ive
and
toxi
c; S
FIR
EG, S
tate
-FIF
RA
(Fed
eral
In
sect
icid
e, F
ungi
cide
, and
Rod
entic
ide A
ct) I
ssue
s Res
earc
h &
Eva
luat
ion
Gro
up; U
SEPA
, U.S
. Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy;
USG
S, U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey;
–, n
one]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry N
umbe
r
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e
type
/use
Prim
ary
pare
nt
pest
icid
e (if
deg
rada
te)
Chem
ical
cl
ass
Path
way
to
Ti
er 1
On
a U
SGS
sedi
men
t m
etho
d?
Oth
er
agen
cy
prio
rity
Indi
cato
r for
m
odify
ing
thre
shol
ds
show
n in
ta
ble
9Te
fluth
rin79
538-
32-2
Inse
ctic
ide
–Py
reth
roid
P4Ye
s–
HL
Teflu
thrin
met
abol
ite [R
119
364]
NAV
Deg
rada
teTe
fluth
rinPy
reth
roid
DEG
1N
o–
–Te
fluth
rin m
etab
olite
[R 1
5291
2]N
AVD
egra
date
Teflu
thrin
Pyre
thro
idD
EG1
No
––
Terb
uthy
lazi
ne59
15-4
1-3
Her
bici
de–
Tria
zine
P2Ye
sU
SEPA
H
PVA
L
Tetra
cona
zole
1122
81-7
7-3
Fung
icid
e–
Con
azol
eP1
Yes
––
Tetra
difo
n11
6-29
-0A
caric
ide
–B
ridge
d di
phen
ylP4
Yes
–A
LTh
iazo
pyr
1177
18-6
0-2
Her
bici
de–
Pyrid
ine
P4N
o–
Kow
, AL
Thio
benc
arb
2824
9-77
-6H
erbi
cide
–Th
ioca
rbam
ate
P2Ye
s–
–tr
ans-
Chl
orda
ne51
03-7
4-2
Inse
ctic
ide
–O
rgan
ochl
orin
eP1
Yes
USE
PA
GLI
–
tran
s-M
ethy
l-3-(
2,2-
dich
loro
viny
l)-2,
2-
dim
ethy
l-(1-
cycl
opro
pane
)-ca
rbox
ylat
et6
1898
-95-
1D
egra
date
Cyfl
uthr
inA
lipha
tic a
cid
este
rD
EG1
No
––
tran
s-N
onac
hlor
3976
5-80
-5In
sect
icid
e;
com
pone
nt o
f to
tal c
hlor
dane
, by
-pro
duct
of
tech
nica
l ch
lord
ane
–O
rgan
ochl
orin
eP1
Yes
––
tran
s-Pe
rmet
hrin
6194
9-77
-7In
sect
icid
e–
Pyre
thro
idP2
Yes
––
tran
s-Pr
opic
onaz
ole
t602
07-9
0-1
Fung
icid
e–
Con
azol
eP4
Yes
–A
LTr
iadi
men
ol55
219-
65-3
Fung
icid
e–
Con
azol
eP4
Yes
–K
ow, A
LTr
ialla
te23
03-1
7-5
Her
bici
de–
Thio
carb
amat
eP4
No
SFIR
EGA
LTr
ibup
hos
78-4
8-8
Def
olia
nt–
Org
anot
hiop
hosp
hate
P4Ye
s–
–Tr
iclo
pyr
5533
5-06
-3H
erbi
cide
–C
hlor
opyr
idin
ylP4
No
SFIR
EGA
L, H
LTr
iflur
alin
1582
-09-
8H
erbi
cide
–D
initr
oani
line
P1Ye
sU
SEPA
PB
T, S
FIR
EG
–
Uni
cona
zole
8365
7-17
-4Pl
ant g
row
th
regu
lato
r–
Con
azol
eP4
No
–K
ow, A
L
Vin
cloz
olin
5047
1-44
-8Fu
ngic
ide
–D
icar
boxi
mid
eP4
Yes
–K
ow, A
L,
HL
zeta
-Cyp
erm
ethr
in69
865-
47-0
Inse
ctic
ide
–Py
reth
roid
P4Ye
s–
–
60 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods Development
Some of the Tier 1 pesticide compounds for sediment are included in national regulatory or other programs that are not necessarily sediment-specific. These include six compounds that are listed as USEPA Toxics Release Inventory PBT chemi-cals, and fifteen that are listed as bioaccumulative chemicals of concern in the Great Lakes (USEPA Great Lakes Initiative; table 7). A total of nineteen Tier 1 compounds have at least one sediment benchmark for aquatic organisms. Additionally, 22 compounds are listed on the AAPCO SFIREG state list of pesticides of water-quality concern. And finally, seven com-pounds are USEPA high production volume (HPV) chemicals (table 7).
Of the 175 compounds in Tier 1 for sediment, 45 percent are very highly toxic to aquatic organisms (as defined by USEPA, http://www.epa.gov/oppefed1/ecorisk_ders/toera_analysis_eco.htm); these correspond to compounds in AL Toxicity Bin 1 (appendix 4). An additional 32 percent are in AL Toxicity Bin 2. Together, more than three-quarters of
Tier 1 pesticide compounds were classified as “high” toxicity as defined for this evaluation (fig. 3 and appendix 4).
Other Important Compounds for Sediment–Tier 2An additional 68 pesticide compounds did not meet the
criteria for Tier 1, but were categorized as Tier 2 (moder-ate priority). Of these 68 pesticide compounds, only 3 were categorized as such on the basis of moderate measured occur-rence (pathways P6a and P6b), whereas 46 compounds were included on the basis of predicted likelihood for occurrence in sediment but have low, or unknown, toxicity or no current use (pathways P8a and P8b; fig. 3 and table 2). Another 19 com-pounds had other factors that elevated them from low priority (Tier 3) or downgraded them from high priority (Tier 1), or were degradates of parent pesticide compounds in the same tier.
sac11-0422_fig 08
P1
P2
DEG
P4
EXPLANATION
175 Tier 1 compounds
Pathways to Tier 1 (number of compounds). See figure 3 and table 2 for further details about pathways.
P1 (36) - detection frequency greater than 10 percent
P2 (26) - detection frequency greater than 1 to 10 percent, moderate to high aquatic toxicity, and current use or half life greater than 1 year
P4 (72) - potential to occur in sediment, moderate to high aquatic toxicity, and current use or half life greater than 1 year
P5 (2) - potential to occur in sediment, low aquatic toxicity, but high or increasing use
DEG (38) - degradate of Tier 1 parent compound
OF (1) - other factors
OF
P5
Predictedoccurrence
(P4 and P5 combined)42 percent
Degradates orOther Factors
(DEG and OF combined) 22 percent
Measured occurrence(P1 and P2 combined) 35 percent
Figure 8. Breakdown of Tier 1 pesticide compounds for sediment by reason for high priority.
Results and Discussion 61
Tabl
e 8.
De
tect
ion-
frequ
ency
dat
a fo
r pes
ticid
e co
mpo
unds
in s
edim
ent f
rom
thre
e U.
S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey
(USG
S) d
atas
ets.
—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® i
s a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Bol
d in
dica
tes
dete
ctio
n fr
eque
ncy
grea
ter t
han
10 p
erce
nt. B
old
italic
indi
cate
s det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy
of 1
to 1
0 pe
rcen
t. Se
dim
ent o
ccur
renc
e da
ta se
ts a
re ta
bula
ted
in A
ppen
dixe
s 10–
12. A
bbre
viat
ions
: AG
, agr
icul
tura
l lan
d us
e; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; D
EG, d
egra
date
; DF,
det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy;
MX
, mix
ed la
nd u
se; N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
NAW
QA
, Nat
iona
l Wat
er-Q
ualit
y A
sses
smen
t Pro
gram
(USG
S); O
F, o
ther
fact
ors;
P,
pat
hway
; Tox
ics,
Toxi
c Su
bsta
nces
Hyd
rolo
gy P
rogr
am (U
SGS)
; UR
, urb
an la
nd u
se; U
SGS,
U.S
. Geo
logi
cal S
urve
y; >
, gre
ater
than
; –, n
ot a
pplic
able
; <, l
ess t
han
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e
type
/use
Prim
ary
pare
nt
pest
icid
e (if
deg
rada
te)
Tier
Sedi
men
t de
tect
ion
freq
uenc
y
rang
e
(in p
erce
nt)
Det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy,
in p
erce
nt
NAW
QA
str
eam
-bed
sed
imen
tN
AWQ
A
lake
cor
e se
dim
ent
(144
–155
sa
mpl
es)
Toxi
cs
stre
am-b
ed
and
su
spen
ded
sedi
men
t (2
1–27
4 sa
mpl
es)
AG
(2
15–2
42
sam
ples
)
UR
(71–
125
sam
ples
)
MX
(235
–361
sa
mpl
es)
3,4-
Dic
hlor
oani
line
95-7
6-1
Deg
rada
teD
iuro
n1
>10
––
––
13.6
Ala
chlo
r15
972-
60-8
Her
bici
de–
11
to 1
0–
––
–1.
3A
ldrin
309-
00-2
Inse
ctic
ide
–1
1 to
10
0.84
3.6
0.57
1.9
–A
lleth
rin58
4-79
-2In
sect
icid
e–
1<1
––
––
0al
pha-
Endo
sulfa
n (E
ndos
ulfa
n I)
959-
98-8
Inse
ctic
ide
–1
>10
1.29
2.91
2.42
–17
.9al
pha-
HC
H (a
lpha
-H
exac
hlor
ocyc
lohe
xane
)31
9-84
-6In
sect
icid
e m
ixtu
re
com
pone
nt, b
y-pr
oduc
t, de
grad
ate
gam
ma-
HC
H (a
nd
othe
r HC
H is
omer
s)1
<10
0.92
0–
–
Atra
zine
1912
-24-
9H
erbi
cide
–1
1 to
10
––
––
3.4
Azi
npho
s-m
ethy
l86
-50-
0In
sect
icid
e–
3<1
––
––
0be
ta-E
ndos
ulfa
n (E
ndos
ulfa
n II
)33
213-
65-9
Inse
ctic
ide
–1
1 to
10
––
––
8.3
beta
-HC
H31
9-85
-7In
sect
icid
e m
ixtu
re
com
pone
nt, b
y-pr
oduc
t, de
grad
ate
gam
ma-
HC
H (a
nd
othe
r HC
H is
omer
s)1
>10
00
0.60
–29
.2
Bife
nthr
in82
657-
04-3
Inse
ctic
ide
–1
>10
––
––
41.9
But
ylat
e20
08-4
1-5
Her
bici
de–
3<1
––
––
0C
arba
ryl
63-2
5-2
Inse
ctic
ide
–2
1 to
10
––
––
4.0
Car
bofu
ran
1563
-66-
2In
sect
icid
e–
21
to 1
0–
––
–1.
3C
hlor
dane
57-7
4-9
Inse
ctic
ide
–1
>10
7.59
68.0
26.6
967
.7–
Chl
oron
eb26
75-7
7-6
Fung
icid
e–
3<1
00
0–
–C
hlor
otha
loni
l18
97-4
5-6
Fung
icid
e–
11
to 1
0–
––
–8.
3C
hlor
pyrif
os29
21-8
8-2
Inse
ctic
ide
–1
>10
––
––
32.7
cis-
Chl
orda
ne (a
lpha
-Chl
orda
ne)
5103
-71-
9In
sect
icid
e–
1>1
02.
5660
.48
21.0
8–
37.5
cis-
Non
achl
or51
03-7
3-1
Inse
ctic
ide;
co
mpo
nent
of
tota
l chl
orda
ne,
by-p
rodu
ct
of te
chni
cal
chlo
rdan
e
–1
>10
2.11
34.4
810
.76
–12
.5
Tabl
e 8.
De
tect
ion-
frequ
ency
dat
a fo
r pes
ticid
e co
mpo
unds
in s
edim
ent f
rom
thre
e U.
S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey
(USG
S) d
atas
ets.
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® i
s a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Bol
d in
dica
tes
dete
ctio
n fr
eque
ncy
grea
ter t
han
10 p
erce
nt. B
old
italic
indi
cate
s det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy
of 1
to 1
0 pe
rcen
t. Se
dim
ent o
ccur
renc
e da
ta se
ts a
re ta
bula
ted
in A
ppen
dixe
s 10–
12. A
bbre
viat
ions
: AG
, agr
icul
tura
l lan
d us
e; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; D
EG, d
egra
date
; DF,
det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy;
MX
, mix
ed la
nd u
se; N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
NAW
QA
, Nat
iona
l Wat
er-Q
ualit
y A
sses
smen
t Pro
gram
(USG
S); O
F, o
ther
fact
ors;
P,
pat
hway
; Tox
ics,
Toxi
c Su
bsta
nces
Hyd
rolo
gy P
rogr
am (U
SGS)
; UR
, urb
an la
nd u
se; U
SGS,
U.S
. Geo
logi
cal S
urve
y; >
, gre
ater
than
; –, n
ot a
pplic
able
; <, l
ess t
han]
62 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
8.
Dete
ctio
n-fre
quen
cy d
ata
for p
estic
ide
com
poun
ds in
sed
imen
t fro
m th
ree
U.S.
Geo
logi
cal S
urve
y (U
SGS)
dat
aset
s.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® i
s a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Bol
d in
dica
tes
dete
ctio
n fr
eque
ncy
grea
ter t
han
10 p
erce
nt. B
old
italic
indi
cate
s det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy
of 1
to 1
0 pe
rcen
t. Se
dim
ent o
ccur
renc
e da
ta se
ts a
re ta
bula
ted
in A
ppen
dixe
s 10–
12. A
bbre
viat
ions
: AG
, agr
icul
tura
l lan
d us
e; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; D
EG, d
egra
date
; DF,
det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy;
MX
, mix
ed la
nd u
se; N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
NAW
QA
, Nat
iona
l Wat
er-Q
ualit
y A
sses
smen
t Pro
gram
(USG
S); O
F, o
ther
fact
ors;
P,
pat
hway
; Tox
ics,
Toxi
c Su
bsta
nces
Hyd
rolo
gy P
rogr
am (U
SGS)
; UR
, urb
an la
nd u
se; U
SGS,
U.S
. Geo
logi
cal S
urve
y; >
, gre
ater
than
; –, n
ot a
pplic
able
; <, l
ess t
han
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e
type
/use
Prim
ary
pare
nt
pest
icid
e (if
deg
rada
te)
Tier
Sedi
men
t de
tect
ion
freq
uenc
y
rang
e
(in p
erce
nt)
Det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy,
in p
erce
nt
NAW
QA
str
eam
-bed
sed
imen
tN
AWQ
A
lake
cor
e se
dim
ent
(144
–155
sa
mpl
es)
Toxi
cs
stre
am-b
ed
and
su
spen
ded
sedi
men
t (2
1–27
4 sa
mpl
es)
AG
(2
15–2
42
sam
ples
)
UR
(71–
125
sam
ples
)
MX
(235
–361
sa
mpl
es)
cis-
Perm
ethr
in61
949-
76-6
Inse
ctic
ide
–1
1 to
10
(als
o se
e pe
rmet
hrin
)
1.83
2.82
0–
36.4
Cya
nazi
ne21
725-
46-2
Her
bici
de–
3<1
––
––
0C
yclo
ate
1134
-23-
2H
erbi
cide
–3
<1–
––
–0
Cyfl
uthr
in68
359-
37-5
Inse
ctic
ide
–1
1 to
10
––
––
5.1
Cyh
alot
hrin
(lam
bda-
Cyh
alot
hrin
)91
465-
08-6
Inse
ctic
ide
–1
>10
––
––
19.6
Cyp
erm
ethr
in52
315-
07-8
Inse
ctic
ide
–1
1 to
10
––
––
3.5
Cyp
roco
nazo
le94
361-
06-5
Fung
icid
e–
11
to 1
0–
––
–4.
2D
acth
al (D
CPA
)18
61-3
2-1
Her
bici
de–
1>1
02.
120
0.29
–21
.6de
lta-H
CH
319-
86-8
Inse
ctic
ide
mix
ture
co
mpo
nent
, by-
prod
uct,
degr
adat
e
gam
ma-
HC
H (a
nd
othe
r HC
H is
omer
s)1
>10
––
––
12.5
Del
tam
ethr
in52
918-
63-5
Inse
ctic
ide
–3
<1–
––
–0
Des
ulfin
ylfip
roni
l (M
B46
513)
NAV
Deg
rada
teFi
pron
il1
<1–
––
–0
Dia
zino
n33
3-41
-5In
sect
icid
e–
11
to 1
0–
––
–8.
3D
ield
rin60
-57-
1In
sect
icid
e–
1>1
016
.95
42.0
216
.05
44.5
91.7
Die
that
yl38
727-
55-8
Her
bici
de–
3<1
––
––
0En
dosu
lfan
115-
29-7
Inse
ctic
ide
–1
>10
(see
alp
ha-
endo
sulfa
n)
––
–0
–
Endr
in72
-20-
8In
sect
icid
e/ a
vici
de–
21
to 1
01.
280.
910
0–
EPTC
(S-E
thyl
dip
ropy
lthio
carb
amat
e)75
9-94
-4H
erbi
cide
–1
>10
––
––
13.0
Esfe
nval
erat
e66
230-
04-4
Inse
ctic
ide
–1
>10
––
––
13.6
Etha
lflur
alin
5528
3-68
-6H
erbi
cide
–1
1 to
10
––
––
7.7
Fenp
ropa
thrin
3951
5-41
-8In
sect
icid
e–
11
to 1
0–
––
–5.
1Fi
pron
il12
0068
-37-
3In
sect
icid
e–
11
to 1
0–
––
–1.
1Fi
pron
il su
lfide
1200
67-8
3-6
Deg
rada
teFi
pron
il1
1 to
10
––
––
4.7
Fipr
onil
sulfo
ne12
0068
-36-
2D
egra
date
Fipr
onil
11
to 1
0–
––
–3.
3Fl
uval
inat
e-ta
u10
2851
-06-
9In
sect
icid
e–
21
to 1
0–
––
–3.
4Fo
nofo
s94
4-22
-9In
sect
icid
e–
2<1
––
––
0
Results and Discussion 63
Tabl
e 8.
De
tect
ion-
frequ
ency
dat
a fo
r pes
ticid
e co
mpo
unds
in s
edim
ent f
rom
thre
e U.
S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey
(USG
S) d
atas
ets.
—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® i
s a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Bol
d in
dica
tes
dete
ctio
n fr
eque
ncy
grea
ter t
han
10 p
erce
nt. B
old
italic
indi
cate
s det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy
of 1
to 1
0 pe
rcen
t. Se
dim
ent o
ccur
renc
e da
ta se
ts a
re ta
bula
ted
in A
ppen
dixe
s 10–
12. A
bbre
viat
ions
: AG
, agr
icul
tura
l lan
d us
e; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; D
EG, d
egra
date
; DF,
det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy;
MX
, mix
ed la
nd u
se; N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
NAW
QA
, Nat
iona
l Wat
er-Q
ualit
y A
sses
smen
t Pro
gram
(USG
S); O
F, o
ther
fact
ors;
P,
pat
hway
; Tox
ics,
Toxi
c Su
bsta
nces
Hyd
rolo
gy P
rogr
am (U
SGS)
; UR
, urb
an la
nd u
se; U
SGS,
U.S
. Geo
logi
cal S
urve
y; >
, gre
ater
than
; –, n
ot a
pplic
able
; <, l
ess t
han
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e
type
/use
Prim
ary
pare
nt
pest
icid
e (if
deg
rada
te)
Tier
Sedi
men
t de
tect
ion
freq
uenc
y
rang
e
(in p
erce
nt)
Det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy,
in p
erce
nt
NAW
QA
str
eam
-bed
sed
imen
tN
AWQ
A
lake
cor
e se
dim
ent
(144
–155
sa
mpl
es)
Toxi
cs
stre
am-b
ed
and
su
spen
ded
sedi
men
t (2
1–27
4 sa
mpl
es)
AG
(2
15–2
42
sam
ples
)
UR
(71–
125
sam
ples
)
MX
(235
–361
sa
mpl
es)
gam
ma-
HC
H58
-89-
9In
sect
icid
e–
1>1
01.
291.
830.
300.
616
.7H
epta
chlo
r76
-44-
8In
sect
icid
e–
11
to 1
00
5.36
05.
2–
Hep
tach
lor e
poxi
de10
24-5
7-3
Deg
rada
teH
epta
chlo
r1
>10
0.85
10.9
10.
897.
7–
Hex
achl
orob
enze
ne11
8-74
-1In
sect
icid
e–
11
to 1
04.
988.
423.
10–
–H
exaz
inon
e51
235-
04-2
Her
bici
de–
21
to 1
0–
––
–1.
3Ip
rodi
one
3673
4-19
-7Fu
ngic
ide
–1
>10
––
––
17.7
Isod
rin46
5-73
-6In
sect
icid
e–
3<1
00
0–
–M
alat
hion
121-
75-5
Inse
ctic
ide
–3
<1–
––
–0
Met
hida
thio
n95
0-37
-8In
sect
icid
e–
3<1
––
––
0.6
Met
hopr
ene
4059
6-69
-8In
sect
icid
e–
21
to 1
0–
––
–2.
2M
etho
xych
lor (
p,p′
-Met
hoxy
chlo
r)72
-43-
5In
sect
icid
e–
11
to 1
00.
442.
130
2.8
–M
etol
achl
or51
218-
45-2
Her
bici
de–
1>1
0–
––
–27
.8M
irex
2385
-85-
5In
sect
icid
e–
11
to 1
02.
931.
822.
614.
2–
Mol
inat
e22
12-6
7-1
Her
bici
de–
21
to 1
0–
––
–2.
2M
yclo
buta
nil
8867
1-89
-0Fu
ngic
ide
–1
>10
––
––
12.5
Nap
ropa
mid
e15
299-
99-7
Her
bici
de–
11
to 1
0–
––
–5.
1o,
p′-D
DD
(o,p
′-Dic
hlor
odip
heny
l-di
chlo
roet
hane
)53
-19-
0D
egra
date
DD
T1
>10
7.31
27.7
28.
50–
–
o,p′
-DD
E (o
,p′-D
ichl
orod
iphe
nyl-
dich
loro
ethy
lene
)34
24-8
2-6
Deg
rada
teD
DT
11
to 1
03.
05.
831.
23–
–
o,p′
-DD
T (o
,p′-D
ichl
orod
iphe
nyl-
trich
loro
etha
ne)
789-
02-6
Deg
rada
teD
DT
11
to 1
05.
05.
834.
08–
–
o,p′
-Met
hoxy
chlo
r30
667-
99-3
Inse
ctic
ide
–3
<10
00
––
Oxy
chlo
rdan
e27
304-
13-8
Deg
rada
te;
com
pone
nt o
f tot
al
chlo
rdan
e
Chl
orda
ne1
>10
0.43
10.0
90.
89–
–
Oxy
fluor
fen
4287
4-03
-3H
erbi
cide
–1
>10
––
––
30.2
p,p′
-DD
D72
-54-
8D
egra
date
DD
T1
>10
31.1
660
.87
33.7
672
.940
.3p,
p′-D
DE
72-5
5-9
Deg
rada
teD
DT
1>1
048
.75
68.0
52.3
792
.352
.6p,
p′-D
DT
50-2
9-3
Inse
ctic
ide/
aca
ricid
e–
1>1
020
.27
50.8
522
.53
51.0
34.7
Para
thio
n-m
ethy
l29
8-00
-0In
sect
icid
e–
11
to 1
0–
––
–6.
4
64 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
8.
Dete
ctio
n-fre
quen
cy d
ata
for p
estic
ide
com
poun
ds in
sed
imen
t fro
m th
ree
U.S.
Geo
logi
cal S
urve
y (U
SGS)
dat
aset
s.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® i
s a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Bol
d in
dica
tes
dete
ctio
n fr
eque
ncy
grea
ter t
han
10 p
erce
nt. B
old
italic
indi
cate
s det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy
of 1
to 1
0 pe
rcen
t. Se
dim
ent o
ccur
renc
e da
ta se
ts a
re ta
bula
ted
in A
ppen
dixe
s 10–
12. A
bbre
viat
ions
: AG
, agr
icul
tura
l lan
d us
e; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; D
EG, d
egra
date
; DF,
det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy;
MX
, mix
ed la
nd u
se; N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
NAW
QA
, Nat
iona
l Wat
er-Q
ualit
y A
sses
smen
t Pro
gram
(USG
S); O
F, o
ther
fact
ors;
P,
pat
hway
; Tox
ics,
Toxi
c Su
bsta
nces
Hyd
rolo
gy P
rogr
am (U
SGS)
; UR
, urb
an la
nd u
se; U
SGS,
U.S
. Geo
logi
cal S
urve
y; >
, gre
ater
than
; –, n
ot a
pplic
able
; <, l
ess t
han
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e
type
/use
Prim
ary
pare
nt
pest
icid
e (if
deg
rada
te)
Tier
Sedi
men
t de
tect
ion
freq
uenc
y
rang
e
(in p
erce
nt)
Det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy,
in p
erce
nt
NAW
QA
str
eam
-bed
sed
imen
tN
AWQ
A
lake
cor
e se
dim
ent
(144
–155
sa
mpl
es)
Toxi
cs
stre
am-b
ed
and
su
spen
ded
sedi
men
t (2
1–27
4 sa
mpl
es)
AG
(2
15–2
42
sam
ples
)
UR
(71–
125
sam
ples
)
MX
(235
–361
sa
mpl
es)
PCN
B (P
enta
chlo
roni
trobe
nzen
e)82
-68-
8Fu
ngic
ide
–1
<1–
––
–0
Pebu
late
1114
-71-
2H
erbi
cide
–1
1 to
10
––
––
3.8
Pend
imet
halin
4048
7-42
-1H
erbi
cide
–1
>10
––
––
40.5
Pent
achl
oroa
niso
le (P
CA
)18
25-2
1-4
Deg
rada
tePe
ntac
hlor
ophe
nol
11
to 1
00
00.
32–
1.9
Phos
met
732-
11-6
Inse
ctic
ide
–2
<1–
––
–0
Pipe
rony
l but
oxid
e51
-03-
6Sy
nerg
ist
–3
>10
––
––
11.3
Prom
etry
n72
87-1
9-6
Her
bici
de–
1>1
0–
––
–22
.2Pr
opic
onaz
ole
6020
7-90
-1Fu
ngic
ide
–1
1 to
10
––
––
8.3
Res
met
hrin
1045
3-86
-8In
sect
icid
e–
21
to 1
0–
––
–5.
5Si
maz
ine
122-
34-9
Her
bici
de–
31
to 1
0–
––
–8.
5Su
lfote
pp36
89-2
4-5
Inse
ctic
ide
–3
<1–
––
–0
Sum
ithrin
2600
2-80
-2In
sect
icid
e–
3<1
––
––
0Te
fluth
rin79
538-
32-2
Inse
ctic
ide
–1
<1–
––
–0
Terb
uthy
lazi
ne59
15-4
1-3
Her
bici
de–
11
to 1
0–
––
–4.
8Te
traco
nazo
le11
2281
-77-
3Fu
ngic
ide
–1
>10
––
––
87.5
Tetra
met
hrin
7696
-12-
0In
sect
icid
e–
3<1
––
––
0Th
iobe
ncar
b28
249-
77-6
Her
bici
de–
11
to 1
0–
––
–6.
9To
xaph
ene
8001
-35-
2In
sect
icid
e/ a
caric
ide
–2
<10.
420.
910
0–
tran
s-C
hlor
dane
( gam
ma-
Chl
orda
ne)
5103
-74-
2In
sect
icid
e–
1>1
05.
9362
.422
.51
–50
.0tr
ans-
Non
achl
or39
765-
80-5
Inse
ctic
ide;
co
mpo
nent
of
tota
l chl
orda
ne,
by-p
rodu
ct o
f te
chni
cal c
hlor
dane
–1
>10
5.08
58.8
724
.0–
20.8
tran
s-Pe
rmet
hrin
6194
9-77
-7In
sect
icid
e–
11
to 1
01.
394.
230
––
Trifl
ural
in15
82-0
9-8
Her
bici
de–
1>1
0–
––
–44
.9To
tal D
DT
–In
sect
icid
e–
1 1>1
049
.17
72.0
54.0
2–
–
1 See
tier
s for
indi
vidu
al c
ompo
nent
s of D
DT
(p,p
- and
o,p
′-DD
D, D
DE,
and
DD
T).
Results and Discussion 65
sac11-0422_fig 09
Fungicides16 percent
Insecticides30 percent
Fungicidedegradates3 percent
Herbicidedegradates11 percent
Herbicides25 percent
Insecticidedegradates15 percent
EXPLANATION
175 Tier 1 compounds
Figure 9. Distribution of Tier 1 pesticide compounds for sediment among pesticide-use groups.
Table 9. Example of modifying thresholds for three prioritization criteria for sediment.
[Abbreviations: AL, aquatic-life; Kow, octanol-water partition coefficient; >, greater than]
Parameter Current threshold Modified thresholdNumber of compounds that do not meet modified threshold
Stability Aerobic soil half-life >30 days Aerobic soil half-life >60 days 19Hydrophobicity log Kow >3 log Kow >4 27Aquatic toxicity AL Toxicty Bin = 1 or 2 (or exceeds
sediment benchmarks)AL Toxicity Bin = 1 only (or exceeds
sediment benchmarks)51
66 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods Development
Comparison of Tier 1 Compounds for Both Water and Sediment
A total of 65 parent pesticide compounds, as well as 4 related compounds, overlap Tier 1 for both water and sedi-ment: 26 are herbicides, 13 are fungicides, and 26 are insecti-cides. These compounds are listed in table 10 with the reasons for their Tier 1 status; the compounds can be broken down into four groups according to the basis for their Tier 1 status:
1. Twenty compounds are included on the basis of measured BQ or detection frequency in water, and measured detection frequency, as well as, for some compounds, toxicity and use, in sedi-ment. These compounds correspond to sediment pathways P1 and P2 (fig. 3 and table 2). Some of these compounds also qualify for Tier 1 for water because of predicted BQs.
2. Twelve compounds are included on the basis of measured BQ or detection frequency in water, and predicted likelihood of occurrence in sedi-ment, along with toxicity and use (sediment pathways P4 and OF1—one compound). Some of these compounds also qualify for Tier 1 for water because of predicted BQs.
3. Thirteen compounds are included on the basis of predicted BQ in water, and measured detection frequency in sediment, as well as, for some compounds, toxicity and use. These compounds correspond to sediment pathways P1 and P.
4. Twenty compounds are included on the basis of predicted BQ in water, and predicted likelihood of occurrence in sediment, along with toxicity and use (sediment pathway P4).
sac11-0422_fig 10
Azoles(22)
Anilines andanilides(17)
Acetanilides(11)
Pyridines, Pyrimidines and Pyridazinones (8)
Triazines (6)
Botanicals (5)
Carbamates (5)
Organotins and inorganics (4)
Polychlorinated aromatics (4)
Pyrethroids(16)Organophosphates
(12)
Other(23)
Organochlorines(30)
Aliphatics Amides
Benzoic acidsDiphenyl ether and bridged diphenyl
(3 in each)
EXPLANATION
175 Tier 1 compounds
The number of compounds in each class is in parentheses.
Chemical classes with 2 or fewer compounds are aggregated to “Other”.
Figure 10. Breakdown of Tier 1 pesticide compounds for sediment by chemical class.
Results and Discussion 67
The two largest groups of compounds are those that were classified as Tier 1 because of measured occurrence in both water and sediment (group 1) and those classified as such because of predicted concentrations (BQs) in water and predicted likelihood of occurrence in sediment (group 4). Pesticide compounds that are moderately hydrophobic can be expected to occur in both water and sediments, to some extent. Conservative thresholds and assumptions were built into the prioritization procedures for both water and sediment, includ-ing the use of a BQ threshold of greater than 0.01 for water (fig. 2), the thresholds for persistence (soil half-life greater
than 30 days) and hydrophobicity (log Kow greater than 3 or water solubility less than 1 mg/L) for sediment, and the desig-nation of AL Toxicity Bin 2 as “high” toxicity in the screening for sediment (fig. 3). For example, of the 20 compounds in group 4 with predicted BQs greater than 0.01 in water, 3 are moderately persistent, having a soil half-life greater than 30, but less than 60 days; 4 are moderately hydrophobic, having a log Kow greater than 3, but less than 4; and 2 are in AL Toxic-ity Bin 2 (table 10). These and other factors affect the Tier 1 results and cause pesticide compounds to overlap between the matrices.
Table 10. Summary of parent pesticide compounds co-listed in Tier 1 for water and sediment.—Continued
[The CAS Registry Number® is a registered trademark of the American Chemical Society. CAS recommends the verification of the CAS Registry Numbers through CAS Client ServicesSM. Abbreviations: BQ, benchmark quotient; CAS, Chemical Abstracts Service; DF, detection frequency; HL, half-life ; >, greater than; %, percent]
Chemical name
CAS Registry Number
Primary pesticide
type
Water-reason for Tier 1
Sediment-reason for Tier 1
Combined basis for
Tier 1 status group 1
Alachlor 15972-60-8 Herbicide Measured & predicted BQ, DF >10%
Measured DF 1 to 10%; toxicity and current use, or recent use and long soil HL
1
Atrazine 1912-24-9 Herbicide Measured & predicted BQ, DF >10%
Measured DF 1 to 10%; toxicity and current use, or recent use and long soil HL
1
Benfluralin 2 1861-40-1 Herbicide Predicted BQ Predicted to occur; toxicity and current use or recent use and long soil HL
4
Benomyl 17804-35-2 Fungicide Predicted BQ, DF >10%
Predicted to occur; toxicity and current use or recent use and long soil HL
2
Bifenthrin 82657-04-3 Insecticide Predicted BQ Measured DF >10% 3Butralin 33629-47-9 Herbicide Predicted BQ Predicted to occur; toxicity and current use or
recent use and long soil HL4
Chlorothalonil 1897-45-6 Fungicide Measured & predicted BQ
Measured DF 1 to 10%; toxicity and current use, or recent use and long soil HL
1
Chlorpyrifos 2921-88-2 Insecticide Measured & predicted BQ, DF >10%
Measured DF >10% 1
cis-Permethrin 54774-45-7 Insecticide Measured BQ Measured DF >10% 1cis-Propiconazole c60207-90-1 Fungicide DF >10% Predicted to occur; toxicity and current use or
recent use and long soil HL2
Cyfluthrin 68359-37-5 Insecticide Predicted BQ Measured DF 1 to 10%; toxicity and current use, or recent use and long soil HL
3
Cyhalothrin (lambda-Cyhalothrin)
91465-08-6 Insecticide Predicted BQ Measured DF >10% 3
gamma-Cyhalothrin 76703-62-3 Insecticide Related compound
Measured DF >10% Related compound for water
Table 10. Summary of parent pesticide compounds co-listed in Tier 1 for water and sediment.
[The CAS Registry Number® is a registered trademark of the American Chemical Society. CAS recommends the verification of the CAS Registry Numbers through CAS Client ServicesSM. Abbreviations: BQ, benchmark quotient; CAS, Chemical Abstracts Service; DF, detection frequency; HL, half-life ; >, greater than; %, percent]
68 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods Development
Table 10. Summary of parent pesticide compounds co-listed in Tier 1 for water and sediment.—Continued
[The CAS Registry Number® is a registered trademark of the American Chemical Society. CAS recommends the verification of the CAS Registry Numbers through CAS Client ServicesSM. Abbreviations: BQ, benchmark quotient; CAS, Chemical Abstracts Service; DF, detection frequency; HL, half-life ; >, greater than; %, percent]
Chemical name
CAS Registry Number
Primary pesticide
type
Water-reason for Tier 1
Sediment-reason for Tier 1
Combined basis for
Tier 1 status group 1
Cypermethrin 52315-07-8 Insecticide Predicted BQ Measured DF 1 to 10%; toxicity and current use, or recent use and long soil HL
3
zeta-Cypermethrin 69865-47-0 Insecticide Related compound
Predicted to occur; toxicity and current use or recent use and long soil HL
Related compound for water
Dacthal 1861-32-1 Herbicide Measured BQ, DF >10%
Measured DF >10% 1
Diazinon 333-41-5 Insecticide Measured & predicted BQ, DF >10%
Measured DF 1 to 10%; toxicity and current use, or recent use and long soil HL
1
Dicofol 115-32-2 Insecticide Predicted BQ Predicted to occur; toxicity and current use or recent use and long soil HL
4
Dieldrin 60-57-1 Insecticide Measured BQ Measured DF >10% 1Diquat 85-00-7 Herbicide Predicted BQ Predicted to occur; toxicity and current use or
recent use and long soil HL4
Disulfoton 298-04-4 Insecticide Measured & predicted BQ
Predicted to occur; toxicity and current use or recent use and long soil HL
2
Diuron 330-54-1 Herbicide Measured & predicted BQ, DF >10%
Persistent & marginally hydrophobic; toxicity; high use, agency priority
2
Endosulfan 115-29-7 Insecticide Predicted BQ Measured DF >10% 3alpha-Endosulfan 959-98-8 Insecticide Related
compoundMeasured DF >10% Related
compound for water
beta-Endosulfan 33213-65-9 Insecticide Related compound
Measured DF 1 to 10%; toxicity and current use, or recent use and long soil HL
Related compound for water
EPTC (S-Ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate)
759-94-4 Herbicide DF >10% Measured DF >10% 1
Esfenvalerate 66230-04-4 Insecticide Predicted BQ Measured DF >10% 3Ethalfluralin 55283-68-6 Herbicide Measured &
predicted BQMeasured DF 1 to 10%; toxicity and current
use, or recent use and long soil HL1
Fenbutatin oxide 13356-08-6 Insecticide Predicted BQ Predicted to occur; toxicity and current use or recent use and long soil HL
4
Fenpropathrin 39515-41-8 Insecticide Predicted BQ Measured DF 1 to 10%; toxicity and current use, or recent use and long soil HL
3
Fentin hydroxide (TPTH, Triphenyltin hydroxide)
76-87-9 Fungicide/ molluscicide/ herbicide
Predicted BQ Predicted to occur; toxicity and current use or recent use and long soil HL
4
Fipronil 120068-37-3 Insecticide Predicted BQ, DF >10%
Measured DF 1 to 10%; toxicity and current use, or recent use and long soil HL
1
gamma-HCH (gamma-Hexachlorocyclohexane)
58-89-9 Insecticide Measured & predicted BQ
Measured DF >10% 1
Glyphosate 1071-83-6 Herbicide DF >10% Predicted to occur; toxicity and current use or recent use and long soil HL
2
Imazamox 114311-32-9 Herbicide Predicted BQ Predicted to occur; toxicity and current use or recent use and long soil HL
4
Iprodione 36734-19-7 Fungicide Predicted BQ Measured DF >10% 3
Results and Discussion 69
Table 10. Summary of parent pesticide compounds co-listed in Tier 1 for water and sediment.—Continued
[The CAS Registry Number® is a registered trademark of the American Chemical Society. CAS recommends the verification of the CAS Registry Numbers through CAS Client ServicesSM. Abbreviations: BQ, benchmark quotient; CAS, Chemical Abstracts Service; DF, detection frequency; HL, half-life ; >, greater than; %, percent]
Chemical name
CAS Registry Number
Primary pesticide
type
Water-reason for Tier 1
Sediment-reason for Tier 1
Combined basis for
Tier 1 status group 1
Kresoxim-methyl 3 143390-89-0 Fungicide Predicted BQ Predicted to occur; toxicity and current use or recent use and long soil HL
4
Metconazole 4 125116-23-6 Fungicide Predicted BQ Predicted to occur; toxicity and current use or recent use and long soil HL
4
Methoxychlor 72-43-5 Insecticide Predicted BQ Measured DF 1 to 10%; toxicity and current use, or recent use and long soil HL
3
Methoxy- fenozide 3
161050-58-4 Insecticide Predicted BQ Predicted to occur; toxicity and current use or recent use and long soil HL
4
Metolachlor 51218-45-2 Herbicide Measured & predicted BQ, DF >10%
Measured DF >10% 1
Myclobutanil 88671-89-0 Fungicide DF >10% Measured DF >10% 1Novaluron 116714-46-6 Herbicide Predicted BQ Predicted to occur; toxicity and current use or
recent use and long soil HL4
Oryzalin 19044-88-3 Herbicide Measured & predicted BQ
Predicted to occur; toxicity and current use or recent use and long soil HL
2
Oxyfluorfen 42874-03-3 Herbicide Predicted BQ Measured DF >10% 3Paraquat 4685-14-7 Herbicide Predicted BQ Predicted to occur; toxicity and current use or
recent use and long soil HL4
Parathion-methyl 298-00-0 Insecticide Measured & predicted BQ
Measured DF 1 to 10%; toxicity and current use, or recent use and long soil HL
1
Pendimethalin 40487-42-1 Herbicide Measured & predicted BQ, DF >10%
Measured DF >10% 1
Permethrin 52645-53-1 Insecticide Predicted BQ Measured DF >10% 3Phorate 3 298-02-2 Insecticide Predicted BQ Predicted to occur; toxicity and current use or
recent use and long soil HL4
Prometryn 7287-19-6 Herbicide Predicted BQ, DF >10%
Measured DF >10% 1
Pronamide 23950-58-5 Herbicide Measured & predicted BQ
Predicted to occur; toxicity and current use or recent use and long soil HL
2
Propargite 2312-35-8 Insecticide Measured & predicted BQ
Predicted to occur; toxicity and current use or recent use and long soil HL
2
Propiconazole 3,4 60207-90-1 Fungicide Predicted BQ Predicted to occur; toxicity and current use or recent use and long soil HL
4
Pymetrozine 2 123312-89-0 Insecticide Predicted BQ Predicted to occur; toxicity and current use or recent use and long soil HL
4
Pyraclostrobin 175013-18-0 Fungicide Predicted BQ Predicted to occur; toxicity and current use or recent use and long soil HL
4
Pyridaben 96489-71-3 Insecticide Predicted BQ Predicted to occur; toxicity and current use or recent use and long soil HL
4
S-Metolachlor 87392-12-9 Herbicide Predicted BQ Measured DF >10% 3Tebuconazole 107534-96-3 Fungicide DF >10% Predicted to occur; toxicity and current use or
recent use and long soil HL2
Tebupirimfos 96182-53-5 Insecticide Predicted BQ Predicted to occur; toxicity and current use or recent use and long soil HL
4
Tefluthrin 2 79538-32-2 Insecticide Predicted BQ Predicted to occur; toxicity and current use or recent use and long soil HL
4
Terbuthylazine 5915-41-3 Herbicide DF >10% Measured DF 1 to 10%; toxicity and current use, or recent use and long soil HL
1
70 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods Development
1 The numbers (1–4) correspond to the groups describing the combined basis for water and sediment Tier 1 status, as further explained in the subsection “Comparison of Tier 1 Compounds for Both Water and Sediment” of the “Results and Discussion” section.
2 Moderately persistent–aerobic soil half-life greater than 30, but less than 60 days.3 Moderately hydrophobic–log Kow greater than 3, but less than 4.4 Aquatic-Life Toxicity Bin 2.
Summary and ConclusionsTo meet the U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) periodic
need to prioritize contaminants for analytical methods devel-opment for future monitoring and studies, a defined universe of pesticides and degradates were screened for their relative importance. The prioritization strategy described in this report identified high priority pesticides and degradates, both legacy compounds and current-use pesticides. Pesticide compounds with current agricultural-use data were evaluated to determine if they are anticipated to occur in the environment at concen-trations of potential concern to aquatic organisms or humans, and if they should be considered for inclusion in analytical methods. In addition, pesticide compounds previously moni-tored in USGS studies, either routinely or infrequently, were evaluated to determine if continued inclusion in analytical methods and monitoring are warranted on the basis of detec-tion frequency or occurrence at concentrations of potential concern for aquatic life or human health.
Depending on their chemical structure and physical-chemical properties, different pesticide compounds behave differently in the environment. To accommodate a broad range of pesticides, from water-soluble to hydrophobic, it was necessary to prioritize pesticide compounds for both water and
Table 10. Summary of parent pesticide compounds co-listed in Tier 1 for water and sediment.—Continued
[The CAS Registry Number® is a registered trademark of the American Chemical Society. CAS recommends the verification of the CAS Registry Numbers through CAS Client ServicesSM. Abbreviations: BQ, benchmark quotient; CAS, Chemical Abstracts Service; DF, detection frequency; HL, half-life ; >, greater than; %, percent]
Chemical name
CAS Registry Number
Primary pesticide
type
Water-reason for Tier 1
Sediment-reason for Tier 1
Combined basis for
Tier 1 status group 1
Tetraconazole 112281-77-3 Fungicide Predicted BQ Measured DF >10% 3Thiobencarb 28249-77-6 Herbicide Measured &
predicted BQ
Measured DF 1 to 10%; toxicity and current use, or recent use and long soil HL
1
trans-Propiconazole t60207-90-1 Fungicide DF >10% Predicted to occur; toxicity and current use or recent use and long soil HL
2
Triallate 2303-17-5 Herbicide Measured BQ Predicted to occur; toxicity and current use or recent use and long soil HL
2
Tribuphos 78-48-8 Defoliant Predicted BQ Predicted to occur; toxicity and current use or recent use and long soil HL
4
Triclopyr 55335-06-3 Herbicide Measured & predicted BQ
Predicted to occur; toxicity and current use or recent use and long soil HL
2
Trifluralin 1582-09-8 Herbicide Measured & predicted BQ, DF >10%
Measured DF >10% 1
sediment. Separate screening procedures were used for water and sediment because more data on occurrence and toxicity are available for pesticides in water than sediment; prediction tools were available to predict pesticide concentrations in streams and groundwater; and analytical methods are medium-specific. The approaches considered measured occur-rence through detection frequency and concentrations in water and sediment; predicted concentrations in water and predicted likelihood of occurrence in sediment; potential toxicity to aquatic life and humans; and priorities of other agencies or organizations, regulatory or otherwise.
The screening procedures used here are systematic, objective, and semi-quantitative; they rely on concepts com-mon to many previously established approaches for prioritiz-ing chemicals for various purposes, including identifying persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic (PBT) compounds and determining candidates for future regulation of drinking water contaminants. The evaluation of pesticide compounds for analytical methods development priority resulted in classifica-tion of compounds, separately for water and sediment, into three priority tiers: Tier 1 for high priority compounds, Tier 2 for moderate priority compounds, and Tier 3 for low priority compounds.
Summary and Conclusions 71
For water, a total of 247 pesticide compounds were clas-sified as Tier 1 and are high priority for inclusion in analytical methods available for monitoring and studies. About half of the Tier 1 compounds are high priority because they can reach concentrations approaching those that may be of potential con-cern to human health, aquatic life, or both; 17 percent because they were frequently detected in past water-quality monitor-ing studies; and 11 percent because they met both criteria. The remaining 21 percent were degradates that were included because their parent pesticides were in Tier 1.
Tier 1 pesticide compounds for water span the major pesticide-use groups, with herbicides and their degradates composing half of all Tier 1 compounds, and insecticides and their degradates making up an additional 38 percent. Overall, degradates from all use groups combined composed 40 percent of Tier 1 compounds. In terms of chemical class, organophosphates are most commonly represented, followed by acetanilides, triazines, and carbamates.
Many of the highest priority pesticide compounds are included in several national regulatory programs for water quality, including those that are regulated in drinking water by the Safe Drinking Water Act, and those that are on the third Contaminant Candidate List. Two compounds, dieldrin and p,pʹ-DDE, that have U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) National Recommended Water Quality Criteria for aquatic life, are high priority for both aquatic-life and human-health reasons. Although USEPA Office of Pesticide Programs (OPP) aquatic-life benchmarks are not regulatory standards at the federal level, more than 30 percent of the Tier 1 com-pounds were classified as such on the basis of aquatic-life benchmark quotients calculated from these OPP benchmarks; some of these compounds also can be high priority for human-health reasons.
For sediment, 175 pesticides and degradates are in Tier 1 and are high priority for inclusion in analytical methods available for monitoring and studies. About 36 percent of the Tier 1 pesticide compounds are high priority on the basis of measured occurrence. This includes 36 compounds that were frequently detected in USGS monitoring studies, having a detection frequency greater than 10 percent, and 26 com-pounds that had a combination of moderate occurrence, that is a detection frequency from 1 to 10 percent, and either high potential toxicity to aquatic life or high pesticide use, or both. Another 42 percent, or 74 compounds, are high priority on the basis of predicted likelihood of occurrence and either high potential toxicity to aquatic life or high pesticide use, or both. The remaining 22 percent, or 39 compounds, are in Tier 1 because they are degradates of Tier 1 parent compounds or because of other factors.
The Tier 1 pesticide compounds for sediment are dis-tributed among pesticide use-groups, with the largest group
composed of insecticides and their degradates at 45 percent. An additional 36 percent of Tier 1 is represented by herbicides and their degradates, with fungicides and their degradates rounding out the remaining 19 percent. Collectively, about 30 percent of Tier 1 compounds for sediment are pesticide degradates. The chemical class composing the largest percent-age of Tier 1 compounds in sediment are organochlorines at 17 percent, which is expected because persistent organochlorine pesticides and their degradates continue to be detected widely in sediments, and many are potentially toxic to aquatic life.
Some of the Tier 1 pesticide compounds for sediment are included in national regulatory or other programs, not neces-sarily sediment-specific, including PBT chemicals that are on USEPA’s Toxics Release Inventory or are of concern in the Great Lakes. A total of 19 Tier 1 compounds have at least one sediment benchmark or screening value for aquatic organisms. Of the 175 compounds in Tier 1, 78, or 45 percent, have high aquatic-life toxicity, as defined for this evaluation.
The prioritization of pesticides and degradates resulted in two lists of high-priority compounds for water and sedi-ment. These lists will be used as the basis for redesigning and enhancing USGS analytical capabilities for pesticides in order to capture as many high-priority pesticide compounds as pos-sible using an economically feasible approach. These com-pounds either have been measured or are predicted to occur in water or sediment at defined thresholds. Detection-frequency thresholds were applied to capture compounds that frequently occur and persist in the environment because tracking trends in contaminant occurrence over time has been an important objective of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program. For both water and sediment, indicators of likely occurrence, toxicity, and high use were combined to capture those com-pounds most likely to be present at potentially toxic concentra-tions. For water, where availability of models made it possible to estimate predicted concentrations, concentration thresholds relative to individual benchmark values for aquatic life and human health were used in a conservative manner to give high priority to pesticide compounds that have occurred, or have the potential to occur, in water at concentrations approach-ing those of concern to aquatic organisms or humans. For sediment, where predicted concentrations were not available, Tier 1 compounds met thresholds for stability, hydrophobic-ity (or sorption), and either aquatic toxicity or use rates, or both. The Tier 1 pesticide compounds for water and sediment represent pesticides and their degradates that are likely to be high priority for future monitoring programs and studies, and which will need to be supported by the availability of analyti-cal methods capable of detecting these compounds at environ-mentally-relevant concentrations in matrices of interest.
72 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods Development
Acknowledgments The authors thank the many individuals from the U.S.
Geological Survey (USGS) for their contributions. Mark Sand-strom, Michelle Hladik, and Robert Gilliom provided valuable advice. Wes Stone and Paul Stackelberg provided model esti-mates of pesticide concentrations in streams and groundwater and details of the models described in appendixes 6 and 9. Jeff Martin assembled the stream and groundwater occurrence datasets. Pete Van Metre provided the lake core sediment data-set. Jack Barbash provided compilations of physical-chemical property data from literature sources. Gail Thelin and Naomi Nakagaki provided national estimates of agricultural pesti-cide use and use intensity data sets to support the stream and groundwater modeling efforts. Jim Orlando provided esti-mates of pesticide use in California. Patty Toccalino provided human-health data and advice on Health-Based Screening Levels. Other members of the NAWQA National Target Analyte Strategy workgroup, including John Zogorski, Joshua Valder, Lisa Olsen, Mike Focazio, Duane Wydoski, and Jim Pankow provided ideas and feedback in developing the pro-cess to prioritize pesticide compounds.
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Appendix 1. 75
Appendix 1.
Physical-Chemical Properties Used in the Evaluation of Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods Development for Water and Sediment
Table 1–1. Physical-chemical property values and sources used for prioritization of pesticide compounds in water and sediment. (This table is available in a Microsoft Excel workbook, which can be dowloaded from http://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5045/).
76 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods Development
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Appendix 2. 77
Appendix 2.
Persistence Score Methodology
78 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods Development
The Persistence Score is based on the following two data elements: (1) estimated biodegradation time as predicted by the Ultimate Survey Model (USM) of Biodegradation and (2) estimated probability of rapid biodegradation as predicted by the Nonlinear Model of Probability of Rapid Biodegrada-tion. Output for both models is provided simultaneously using the BIOWIN biodegradation probability model, which is an estimation software program created by Syracuse Research Corporation (SRC) that is part of the U.S. Enviromental Pro-tection Agency’s (USEPA) EPI Suite™ program, that calcu-lates the probability that an organic chemical will biodegrade rapidly under aerobic conditions (U.S. Environmental Protec-tion Agency, 2009). A free Windows version of EPI Suite is available from USEPA at http://www.epa.gov/oppt/exposure/pubs/episuite.htm.
The Persistence Score (1 = low, 2 = medium, 3 = high) was determined using the threshold (binning) approach adapted from USEPA’s Waste Minimization Prioritization Tool document (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1997), provided in table 2–1.
Table 2–1. Thresholds for determining the persistence score (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1997).
Ultimate survey model of
biodegradation
Nonlinear model probability of rapid
biodegradation
Persistence Score
≤ 2 – High (3)> 2 to ≤ 3 – Medium (2)> 3 to ≤ 4 < 0.5 Medium (2)
≥ 0.5 Low (1)> 4 – Low (1)
USM estimates the approximate amount of time needed for complete biodegradation of a chemical in typical water and soil environments. USM was created using the survey results from 17 experts who ranked 200 organic chemicals on their estimated rates of primary degradation (loss of parent chemi-cal identity) and ultimate degradation (conversion to CO2 and H2O). The experts assigned an estimated ultimate biodegrada-tion time (order of magnitude approximation) for each chemi-cal as follows:
• “1” longer than several months
• “2” months
• “3” weeks
• “4” days
• “5” hoursCounts of the frequency of occurrence of 36 structural
fragments also were completed as part of the USM. Multiple
linear regressions were performed with the mean scores (1 to 5, as designated previously) as dependent variables and the structural fragment counts and molecular weights as inde-pendent variables. The USM model calculates the numerical biodegradability “score” for a contaminant, and this number is then related into hours, days, weeks, etc. for interpretation. The persistence score approach designates chemicals with USM scores greater than 2 but less than or equal to 3, cor-responding to weeks to months, as medium for persistence, but uses a second model, the Nonlinear Probability Model, to choose between low and medium persistence scores when the USM prediction is in the range greater than 3 but less than or equal to 4, corresponding to days to weeks. If the Nonlinear Probability Model estimates that the probability of rapid biodegradation is low (for example, less than 0.5), then the approach scores persistence as medium rather than low (table 2–1). The Nonlinear Probability Model of Biodegrada-tion generates an estimate of the probability of rapid biodeg-radation using a file of evaluated biodegradation data for more than 800 organic contaminants.
References Cited, Appendix 2
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1997, Waste minimi-zation prioritization tool; beta test version 1.0; user’s guide and system documentation draft: Washington, DC, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste and Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics EPA 530-R-97-019, June 1997, 236 p. Available at http://nepis.epa.gov/Exe/ZyPURL.cgi?Dockey=100011NN.txt
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2009, EPI Suite™ Ver-sion 4.0, USEPA Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics and Syracuse Research Corporation (SRC). Available at http://www.epa.gov/oppt/exposure/pubs/episuite.htm
Appendix 3. 79
Appendix 3.
Aquatic-Life and Human-Health Benchmarks Used in the Evaluation of Pesticides for Water
80 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
3–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
and
hum
an-h
ealth
ben
chm
arks
use
d in
the
eval
uatio
n of
pes
ticid
es fo
r wat
er.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Acu
te fi
sh a
nd
inve
rtebr
ate
toxi
city
val
ues w
ere
mul
tiplie
d by
a le
vel o
f con
cern
(LO
C) o
f 0.5
to b
e co
mpa
rabl
e in
val
ue to
Offi
ce o
f Pes
ticid
e Pr
ogra
ms a
quat
ic-li
fe b
ench
mar
ks. A
bbre
viat
ions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
OW
, chr
onic
OW
NRW
QC
; CA
S, C
hem
ical
Abs
tract
s Ser
vice
; CA
NA
LWQ
G, C
anad
ian
Wat
er Q
ualit
y G
uide
lines
for A
quat
ic
Life
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); C
CL3
, Thi
rd C
onta
min
ant C
andi
date
Lis
t (U
SEPA
, 200
9c);
CF,
chr
onic
fish
; CI,
chro
nic
inve
rtebr
ate;
CM
AC
, Max
imum
Allo
wab
le C
on-
cent
ratio
n (H
ealth
Can
ada,
200
8); E
CO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(USE
PA, 2
009a
); EC
OTO
X, t
oxic
ity v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 201
0a);
GLW
QA
, Gre
at L
akes
Wat
er Q
ualit
y A
gree
men
t aqu
atic
-life
wat
er-q
ualit
y ob
ject
ive
(USE
PA, 1
978)
; HB
SL, H
ealth
-Bas
ed S
cree
ning
Lev
el (T
occa
lino
and
othe
rs, 2
008)
; HPV
, hi
gh p
rodu
ctio
n-vo
lum
e ch
emic
al (U
SEPA
, 200
5); M
CL,
Max
imum
Con
tam
inan
t Lev
el (U
SEPA
, 200
9d);
NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(USE
PA, 2
009e
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 200
9f);
OPP
Reg
, rec
ent (
1997
–200
8) a
ctiv
e in
gred
ient
regi
stra
tion
with
USE
PA (U
SEPA
, 200
9b);
OPP
tox,
toxi
city
val
ue fr
om O
PP re
regi
stra
-tio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); O
W N
RWQ
C, O
ffice
of W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he p
rote
ctio
n of
aqu
atic
life
(USE
PA, 2
002)
; PH
BSL
, Pro
visi
onal
Hea
lth-B
ased
Sc
reen
ing
Leve
l; SF
IREG
, Sta
te F
IFR
A Is
sues
Res
earc
h an
d Ev
alua
tion
Gro
up li
st o
f pes
ticid
es o
f wat
er-q
ualit
y co
ncer
n (A
ssoc
iatio
n of
Am
eric
an P
estic
ide
Con
trol O
ffici
als,
2005
); U
CM
R, U
nreg
ulat
ed
Con
tam
inan
t Mon
itorin
g R
egul
atio
n (U
SEPA
, 200
6); U
SEPA
, U.S
. Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy;
USG
S, U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey
aqua
tic-li
fe b
ench
mar
k de
term
ined
usi
ng O
PP m
etho
ds a
nd to
xici
ty d
ata
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); µg
/L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; –,
non
e]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pe
stic
ide
ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sele
cted
aq
uatic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
/sou
rce
of
aqua
tic-l
ife
benc
hmar
k
Hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
Oth
er
agen
cy
prio
ritie
s
1,3-
Dic
arba
moy
l-2,4
,5,6
-tetra
chlo
-ro
benz
ene
NAV
Deg
rada
te1
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–
1,3-
Dic
hlor
opro
pene
542-
75-6
Fum
igan
t1
45A
I OPP
0.3
HB
SLH
PV1-
Car
bam
oyl-3
-cya
no-4
-hyd
roxy
-2,
5,6-
trich
loro
benz
ene
NAV
Deg
rada
te1
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–
1-N
apht
hol
90-1
5-3
Deg
rada
te1
100
CF
USG
SN
AVN
AVH
PV2-
(4-te
rt-b
utyl
phen
oxy)
- C
yclo
hexa
nol
1942
-71-
8D
egra
date
198
CF
ECO
SAR
NAV
NAV
–
2,4-
D
(2,4
-Dic
hlor
ophe
noxy
ace
tic a
cid)
94-7
5-7
Her
bici
de1
299.
2AV
P U
SGS
70M
CL
MC
L, S
FIR
EG,
CA
NA
LWQ
G,
HPV
2,4-
D m
ethy
l est
er19
28-3
8-7
Her
bici
de1
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
SFIR
EG,
CA
NA
LWQ
G2,
6-D
ieth
ylan
iline
579-
66-8
Deg
rada
te1
7,81
2A
I EC
OTO
XN
AVN
AVH
PV2-
([2-
Ethy
l-6-m
ethy
lphe
nyl]a
min
o)-
1-pr
opan
ol61
520-
53-4
Deg
rada
te1
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–
2-A
min
o-N
-isop
ropy
lben
zam
ide
3039
1-89
-0D
egra
date
130
CI E
CO
SAR
NAV
NAV
–2-
Chl
oro-
2,6-
diet
hyla
ceta
nilid
e69
67-2
9-9
Deg
rada
te1
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–2-
chlo
ro-N
-(2-
ethy
l-6-
met
hylp
heny
l)ace
tam
ide
(A
ceto
chlo
r/Met
olac
hlor
, se
cond
ary
amid
e)
3242
8-71
-0D
egra
date
1N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
2-Et
hyl-6
-met
hyla
nilin
e24
549-
06-2
Deg
rada
te1
12C
I EC
OSA
RN
AVN
AVH
PV2-
Hyd
roxy
atra
zine
2163
-68-
0D
egra
date
11,
500
AF
OPP
70H
BSL
SFIR
EG3-
(Trifl
uoro
met
hyl)a
nilin
e98
-16-
8D
egra
date
11,
350
AI E
CO
TOX
NAV
NAV
HPV
3-(T
rifluo
rom
ethy
l)phe
nylu
rea
1311
4-87
-9D
egra
date
128
4C
F EC
OSA
RN
AVN
AV–
3,4-
Dic
hlor
oani
line
95-7
6-1
Deg
rada
te1
1.7
AI E
CO
TOX
NAV
NAV
HPV
Tabl
e 3–
1.
Aqua
tic-li
fe a
nd h
uman
-hea
lth b
ench
mar
ks u
sed
in th
e ev
alua
tion
of p
estic
ides
for w
ater
.
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Acu
te fi
sh a
nd
inve
rtebr
ate
toxi
city
val
ues w
ere
mul
tiplie
d by
a le
vel o
f con
cern
(LO
C) o
f 0.5
to b
e co
mpa
rabl
e in
val
ue to
Offi
ce o
f Pes
ticid
e Pr
ogra
ms a
quat
ic-li
fe b
ench
mar
ks. A
bbre
viat
ions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
OW
, chr
onic
OW
NRW
QC
; CA
S, C
hem
ical
Abs
tract
s Ser
vice
; CA
NA
LWQ
G, C
anad
ian
Wat
er Q
ualit
y G
uide
lines
for A
quat
ic L
ife
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); C
CL3
, Thi
rd C
onta
min
ant C
andi
date
Lis
t (U
SEPA
, 200
9c);
CF,
chr
onic
fish
; CI,
chro
nic
inve
rtebr
ate;
CM
AC
, Max
imum
Allo
wab
le C
once
ntra
-tio
n (H
ealth
Can
ada,
200
8); E
CO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(USE
PA, 2
009a
); EC
OTO
X, t
oxic
ity v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
ta-
base
(USE
PA, 2
010a
); G
LWQ
A, G
reat
Lak
es W
ater
Qua
lity
Agr
eem
ent a
quat
ic-li
fe w
ater
-qua
lity
obje
ctiv
e (U
SEPA
, 197
8); H
BSL
, Hea
lth-B
ased
Scr
eeni
ng L
evel
(Toc
calin
o an
d ot
hers
, 200
8); H
PV, h
igh
prod
uctio
n-vo
lum
e ch
emic
al (U
SEPA
, 200
5); M
CL,
Max
imum
Con
tam
inan
t Lev
el (U
SEPA
, 200
9d);
NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(USE
PA, 2
009e
); O
PP
Ecot
ox, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 200
9f);
OPP
Reg
, rec
ent (
1997
–200
8) a
ctiv
e in
gred
ient
regi
stra
tion
with
USE
PA (U
SEPA
, 200
9b);
OPP
tox,
toxi
city
val
ue fr
om O
PP re
regi
stra
tion
deci
-si
on d
ocum
ents
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); O
W N
RWQ
C, O
ffice
of W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he p
rote
ctio
n of
aqu
atic
life
(USE
PA, 2
002)
; PH
BSL
, Pro
visi
onal
Hea
lth-B
ased
Scr
eeni
ng
Leve
l; SF
IREG
, Sta
te F
IFR
A Is
sues
Res
earc
h an
d Ev
alua
tion
Gro
up li
st o
f pes
ticid
es o
f wat
er-q
ualit
y co
ncer
n (A
ssoc
iatio
n of
Am
eric
an P
estic
ide
Con
trol O
ffici
als,
2005
); U
CM
R, U
nreg
ulat
ed C
onta
min
ant
Mon
itorin
g R
egul
atio
n (U
SEPA
, 200
6); U
SEPA
, U.S
. Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy;
USG
S, U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey
aqua
tic-li
fe b
ench
mar
k de
term
ined
usi
ng O
PP m
etho
ds a
nd to
xici
ty d
ata
(USE
PA,
2010
b); µ
g/L,
mic
rogr
ams p
er li
ter;
–, n
one]
Appendix 3. 81Ta
ble
3–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
and
hum
an-h
ealth
ben
chm
arks
use
d in
the
eval
uatio
n of
pes
ticid
es fo
r wat
er.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Acu
te fi
sh a
nd
inve
rtebr
ate
toxi
city
val
ues w
ere
mul
tiplie
d by
a le
vel o
f con
cern
(LO
C) o
f 0.5
to b
e co
mpa
rabl
e in
val
ue to
Offi
ce o
f Pes
ticid
e Pr
ogra
ms a
quat
ic-li
fe b
ench
mar
ks. A
bbre
viat
ions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
OW
, chr
onic
OW
NRW
QC
; CA
S, C
hem
ical
Abs
tract
s Ser
vice
; CA
NA
LWQ
G, C
anad
ian
Wat
er Q
ualit
y G
uide
lines
for A
quat
ic
Life
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); C
CL3
, Thi
rd C
onta
min
ant C
andi
date
Lis
t (U
SEPA
, 200
9c);
CF,
chr
onic
fish
; CI,
chro
nic
inve
rtebr
ate;
CM
AC
, Max
imum
Allo
wab
le C
on-
cent
ratio
n (H
ealth
Can
ada,
200
8); E
CO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(USE
PA, 2
009a
); EC
OTO
X, t
oxic
ity v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 201
0a);
GLW
QA
, Gre
at L
akes
Wat
er Q
ualit
y A
gree
men
t aqu
atic
-life
wat
er-q
ualit
y ob
ject
ive
(USE
PA, 1
978)
; HB
SL, H
ealth
-Bas
ed S
cree
ning
Lev
el (T
occa
lino
and
othe
rs, 2
008)
; HPV
, hi
gh p
rodu
ctio
n-vo
lum
e ch
emic
al (U
SEPA
, 200
5); M
CL,
Max
imum
Con
tam
inan
t Lev
el (U
SEPA
, 200
9d);
NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(USE
PA, 2
009e
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 200
9f);
OPP
Reg
, rec
ent (
1997
–200
8) a
ctiv
e in
gred
ient
regi
stra
tion
with
USE
PA (U
SEPA
, 200
9b);
OPP
tox,
toxi
city
val
ue fr
om O
PP re
regi
stra
-tio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); O
W N
RWQ
C, O
ffice
of W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he p
rote
ctio
n of
aqu
atic
life
(USE
PA, 2
002)
; PH
BSL
, Pro
visi
onal
Hea
lth-B
ased
Sc
reen
ing
Leve
l; SF
IREG
, Sta
te F
IFR
A Is
sues
Res
earc
h an
d Ev
alua
tion
Gro
up li
st o
f pes
ticid
es o
f wat
er-q
ualit
y co
ncer
n (A
ssoc
iatio
n of
Am
eric
an P
estic
ide
Con
trol O
ffici
als,
2005
); U
CM
R, U
nreg
ulat
ed
Con
tam
inan
t Mon
itorin
g R
egul
atio
n (U
SEPA
, 200
6); U
SEPA
, U.S
. Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy;
USG
S, U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey
aqua
tic-li
fe b
ench
mar
k de
term
ined
usi
ng O
PP m
etho
ds a
nd to
xici
ty d
ata
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); µg
/L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; –,
non
e]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pe
stic
ide
ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sele
cted
aq
uatic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
/sou
rce
of
aqua
tic-l
ife
benc
hmar
k
Hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
Oth
er
agen
cy
prio
ritie
s
3,4-
Dic
hlor
omet
hyph
enyl
urea
3567
-62-
2D
egra
date
172
CF
ECO
SAR
NAV
NAV
–3,
4-D
ichl
orop
heny
lure
a23
27-0
2-8
Deg
rada
te1
129
AN
VP
ECO
SAR
NAV
NAV
–3,
5-D
ichl
oroa
nilin
e62
6-43
-7D
egra
date
118
CI E
CO
SAR
NAV
NAV
–3-
Hyd
roxy
carb
ofur
an16
655-
82-6
Deg
rada
te1
2,25
4C
F EC
OSA
RN
AVN
AVC
CL3
3-K
etoc
arbo
fura
n16
709-
30-1
Deg
rada
te1
1,27
2C
F EC
OSA
RN
AVN
AV–
3-Ph
enox
yben
zoic
aci
d37
39-3
8-6
Deg
rada
te1
6,65
0A
F O
PP to
xN
AVN
AV–
4-(H
ydro
xym
ethy
l)pen
dim
etha
lin56
750-
76-6
Deg
rada
te1
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–4,
4’-D
ichl
orob
enzo
phen
one
90-9
8-2
Deg
rada
te1
171
CF
ECO
SAR
NAV
NAV
–4-
Chl
oro-
2-m
ethy
lphe
nol
1570
-64-
5D
egra
date
11,
150
AF
ECO
TOX
NAV
NAV
–4-
Chl
orob
enzy
lmet
hyl s
ulfo
ne98
-57-
7D
egra
date
137
,549
CI E
CO
SAR
NAV
NAV
–4-
hydr
oxy-
2,5,
6-
trich
loro
isop
htha
loni
trile
NAV
Deg
rada
te1
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–
Ace
phat
e30
560-
19-1
Inse
ctic
ide
115
0C
I OPP
NAV
NAV
CC
L3A
ceto
chlo
r34
256-
82-1
Her
bici
de1
1.43
AN
VP
OPP
1H
BSL
CC
L3, U
CM
R,
SFIR
EGA
ceto
chlo
r eth
ane
sulfo
nic
acid
(E
SA)
1870
22-1
1-3
Deg
rada
te1
9,90
0A
NV
P O
PPN
AVN
AVC
CL3
, UC
MR
, SF
IREG
Ace
toch
lor o
xani
lic a
cid
(OA
)18
4992
-44-
4D
egra
date
1N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AVC
CL3
, UC
MR
, SF
IREG
Ace
toch
lor s
ulfy
nila
cetic
aci
d (S
AA
)N
AVD
egra
date
1N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Ace
toch
lor/M
etol
achl
or E
SA,
seco
ndar
y am
ide
NAV
Deg
rada
te1
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–
Ala
chlo
r15
972-
60-8
Her
bici
de1
1.64
AN
VP
OPP
2M
CL
MC
L, U
CM
R,
SFIR
EG
82 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
3–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
and
hum
an-h
ealth
ben
chm
arks
use
d in
the
eval
uatio
n of
pes
ticid
es fo
r wat
er.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Acu
te fi
sh a
nd
inve
rtebr
ate
toxi
city
val
ues w
ere
mul
tiplie
d by
a le
vel o
f con
cern
(LO
C) o
f 0.5
to b
e co
mpa
rabl
e in
val
ue to
Offi
ce o
f Pes
ticid
e Pr
ogra
ms a
quat
ic-li
fe b
ench
mar
ks. A
bbre
viat
ions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
OW
, chr
onic
OW
NRW
QC
; CA
S, C
hem
ical
Abs
tract
s Ser
vice
; CA
NA
LWQ
G, C
anad
ian
Wat
er Q
ualit
y G
uide
lines
for A
quat
ic
Life
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); C
CL3
, Thi
rd C
onta
min
ant C
andi
date
Lis
t (U
SEPA
, 200
9c);
CF,
chr
onic
fish
; CI,
chro
nic
inve
rtebr
ate;
CM
AC
, Max
imum
Allo
wab
le C
on-
cent
ratio
n (H
ealth
Can
ada,
200
8); E
CO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(USE
PA, 2
009a
); EC
OTO
X, t
oxic
ity v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 201
0a);
GLW
QA
, Gre
at L
akes
Wat
er Q
ualit
y A
gree
men
t aqu
atic
-life
wat
er-q
ualit
y ob
ject
ive
(USE
PA, 1
978)
; HB
SL, H
ealth
-Bas
ed S
cree
ning
Lev
el (T
occa
lino
and
othe
rs, 2
008)
; HPV
, hi
gh p
rodu
ctio
n-vo
lum
e ch
emic
al (U
SEPA
, 200
5); M
CL,
Max
imum
Con
tam
inan
t Lev
el (U
SEPA
, 200
9d);
NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(USE
PA, 2
009e
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 200
9f);
OPP
Reg
, rec
ent (
1997
–200
8) a
ctiv
e in
gred
ient
regi
stra
tion
with
USE
PA (U
SEPA
, 200
9b);
OPP
tox,
toxi
city
val
ue fr
om O
PP re
regi
stra
-tio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); O
W N
RWQ
C, O
ffice
of W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he p
rote
ctio
n of
aqu
atic
life
(USE
PA, 2
002)
; PH
BSL
, Pro
visi
onal
Hea
lth-B
ased
Sc
reen
ing
Leve
l; SF
IREG
, Sta
te F
IFR
A Is
sues
Res
earc
h an
d Ev
alua
tion
Gro
up li
st o
f pes
ticid
es o
f wat
er-q
ualit
y co
ncer
n (A
ssoc
iatio
n of
Am
eric
an P
estic
ide
Con
trol O
ffici
als,
2005
); U
CM
R, U
nreg
ulat
ed
Con
tam
inan
t Mon
itorin
g R
egul
atio
n (U
SEPA
, 200
6); U
SEPA
, U.S
. Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy;
USG
S, U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey
aqua
tic-li
fe b
ench
mar
k de
term
ined
usi
ng O
PP m
etho
ds a
nd to
xici
ty d
ata
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); µg
/L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; –,
non
e]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pe
stic
ide
ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sele
cted
aq
uatic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
/sou
rce
of
aqua
tic-l
ife
benc
hmar
k
Hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
Oth
er
agen
cy
prio
ritie
s
Ala
chlo
r ESA
, sec
onda
ry a
mid
eN
AVD
egra
date
1N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Ala
chlo
r ESA
1423
63-5
3-9
Deg
rada
te1
52,0
00A
F O
PPN
AVN
AVC
CL3
, UC
MR
, SF
IREG
Ala
chlo
r OA
1712
62-1
7-2
Deg
rada
te1
47,5
00A
F O
PPN
AVN
AVC
CL3
, UC
MR
Ala
chlo
r SA
A14
0939
-16-
8D
egra
date
1N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Ald
icar
b11
6-06
-3In
sect
icid
e1
0.46
CF
OPP
9H
BSL
SFIR
EG,
CA
NA
LWQ
GA
ldic
arb
sulfo
ne16
46-8
8-4
Deg
rada
te1
140
AI O
PP7
HB
SLSF
IREG
Ald
icar
b su
lfoxi
de16
46-8
7-3
Deg
rada
te1
21.5
AI O
PP7
HB
SLSF
IREG
alph
a-H
CH
(a
lpha
-Hex
achl
oroc
yclo
hexa
ne)
319-
84-6
Inse
ctic
ide
mix
ture
co
mpo
nent
, by-
prod
uct,
degr
adat
e
140
0A
I EC
OTO
X0.
006
HB
SLC
CL3
Am
etry
n83
4-12
-8H
erbi
cide
13.
67A
NV
P O
PP50
0H
BSL
–A
min
omet
hylp
hosp
honi
c ac
id10
66-5
1-9
Deg
rada
te1
249,
500
AF
OPP
NAV
NAV
–A
sula
m33
37-7
1-1
Her
bici
de1
140
AVP
OPP
tox
NAV
NAV
–A
trazi
ne19
12-2
4-9
Her
bici
de1
1A
NV
P O
PP3
MC
LM
CL,
SFI
REG
, C
AN
ALW
QG
, H
PVA
zinp
hos-
met
hyl
86-5
0-0
Inse
ctic
ide
10.
036
CI O
PP10
HB
SLSF
IREG
, GL-
WQ
A,
OW
NRW
QC
Azi
npho
s-m
ethy
l-oxo
n96
1-22
-8D
egra
date
11,
461
AN
VP
ECO
SAR
NAV
NAV
–A
zoxy
stro
bin
1318
60-3
3-8
Fung
icid
e1
44C
I OPP
NAV
NAV
OPP
Reg
Ben
flura
lin18
61-4
0-1
Her
bici
de1
1.9
CF
OPP
4H
BSL
–B
enom
yl17
804-
35-2
Fung
icid
e1
2.8
AF
ECO
TOX
40H
BSL
–
Appendix 3. 83Ta
ble
3–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
and
hum
an-h
ealth
ben
chm
arks
use
d in
the
eval
uatio
n of
pes
ticid
es fo
r wat
er.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Acu
te fi
sh a
nd
inve
rtebr
ate
toxi
city
val
ues w
ere
mul
tiplie
d by
a le
vel o
f con
cern
(LO
C) o
f 0.5
to b
e co
mpa
rabl
e in
val
ue to
Offi
ce o
f Pes
ticid
e Pr
ogra
ms a
quat
ic-li
fe b
ench
mar
ks. A
bbre
viat
ions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
OW
, chr
onic
OW
NRW
QC
; CA
S, C
hem
ical
Abs
tract
s Ser
vice
; CA
NA
LWQ
G, C
anad
ian
Wat
er Q
ualit
y G
uide
lines
for A
quat
ic
Life
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); C
CL3
, Thi
rd C
onta
min
ant C
andi
date
Lis
t (U
SEPA
, 200
9c);
CF,
chr
onic
fish
; CI,
chro
nic
inve
rtebr
ate;
CM
AC
, Max
imum
Allo
wab
le C
on-
cent
ratio
n (H
ealth
Can
ada,
200
8); E
CO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(USE
PA, 2
009a
); EC
OTO
X, t
oxic
ity v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 201
0a);
GLW
QA
, Gre
at L
akes
Wat
er Q
ualit
y A
gree
men
t aqu
atic
-life
wat
er-q
ualit
y ob
ject
ive
(USE
PA, 1
978)
; HB
SL, H
ealth
-Bas
ed S
cree
ning
Lev
el (T
occa
lino
and
othe
rs, 2
008)
; HPV
, hi
gh p
rodu
ctio
n-vo
lum
e ch
emic
al (U
SEPA
, 200
5); M
CL,
Max
imum
Con
tam
inan
t Lev
el (U
SEPA
, 200
9d);
NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(USE
PA, 2
009e
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 200
9f);
OPP
Reg
, rec
ent (
1997
–200
8) a
ctiv
e in
gred
ient
regi
stra
tion
with
USE
PA (U
SEPA
, 200
9b);
OPP
tox,
toxi
city
val
ue fr
om O
PP re
regi
stra
-tio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); O
W N
RWQ
C, O
ffice
of W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he p
rote
ctio
n of
aqu
atic
life
(USE
PA, 2
002)
; PH
BSL
, Pro
visi
onal
Hea
lth-B
ased
Sc
reen
ing
Leve
l; SF
IREG
, Sta
te F
IFR
A Is
sues
Res
earc
h an
d Ev
alua
tion
Gro
up li
st o
f pes
ticid
es o
f wat
er-q
ualit
y co
ncer
n (A
ssoc
iatio
n of
Am
eric
an P
estic
ide
Con
trol O
ffici
als,
2005
); U
CM
R, U
nreg
ulat
ed
Con
tam
inan
t Mon
itorin
g R
egul
atio
n (U
SEPA
, 200
6); U
SEPA
, U.S
. Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy;
USG
S, U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey
aqua
tic-li
fe b
ench
mar
k de
term
ined
usi
ng O
PP m
etho
ds a
nd to
xici
ty d
ata
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); µg
/L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; –,
non
e]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pe
stic
ide
ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sele
cted
aq
uatic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
/sou
rce
of
aqua
tic-l
ife
benc
hmar
k
Hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
Oth
er
agen
cy
prio
ritie
s
Ben
tazo
n25
057-
89-0
Her
bici
de1
4,50
0A
NV
P O
PP20
0H
BSL
SFIR
EGbe
ta-H
CH
319-
85-7
Inse
ctic
ide
mix
ture
co
mpo
nent
, by-
prod
uct,
degr
adat
e
155
0A
F EC
OTO
X0.
04H
BSL
–
Bife
naza
te14
9877
-41-
8In
sect
icid
e1
0.05
6A
NV
P EC
OSA
RN
AVN
AVO
PP R
eg
Bife
nthr
in82
657-
04-3
Inse
ctic
ide
10.
075
AF
ECO
TOX
10H
BSL
–B
rom
acil
314-
40-9
Her
bici
de1
6.8
AN
VP
OPP
70H
BSL
SFIR
EG,
CA
NA
LWQ
GB
rom
omet
hane
74-8
3-9
Fum
igan
t/adj
uvan
t1
100
CF
OPP
100
HB
SLC
CL3
, HPV
Bro
mox
ynil
1689
-84-
5H
erbi
cide
12.
5C
I USG
S10
HB
SLC
AN
ALW
QG
But
ralin
3362
9-47
-9H
erbi
cide
13
CF
ECO
SAR
NAV
NAV
–C
arba
ryl
63-2
5-2
Inse
ctic
ide
10.
5C
I OPP
40H
BSL
SFIR
EG,
CA
NA
LWQ
GC
arbo
fura
n15
63-6
6-2
Inse
ctic
ide
10.
75C
I OPP
40M
CL
MC
L, S
FIR
EG,
CA
NA
LWQ
G,
HPV
Chl
orim
uron
-eth
yl90
982-
32-4
Her
bici
de1
4,20
0A
F EC
OTO
X60
0H
BSL
–C
hlor
opic
rin76
-06-
2Fu
mig
ant/n
emat
ocid
e1
8.49
AF
OPP
NAV
NAV
–C
hlor
otha
loni
l18
97-4
5-6
Fung
icid
e1
0.6
CI O
PP5
HB
SLSF
IREG
, C
AN
ALW
QG
Chl
orpy
rifos
2921
-88-
2In
sect
icid
e1
0.04
CI O
PP2
HB
SLSF
IREG
, C
AN
ALW
QG
, O
W N
RWQ
CC
hlor
pyrif
os o
xyge
n an
alog
5598
-15-
2D
egra
date
127
3C
F EC
OSA
RN
AVN
AV–
Chl
orsu
lfuro
n64
902-
72-3
Her
bici
de1
0.35
AVP
OPP
tox
100
HB
SL–
84 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
3–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
and
hum
an-h
ealth
ben
chm
arks
use
d in
the
eval
uatio
n of
pes
ticid
es fo
r wat
er.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Acu
te fi
sh a
nd
inve
rtebr
ate
toxi
city
val
ues w
ere
mul
tiplie
d by
a le
vel o
f con
cern
(LO
C) o
f 0.5
to b
e co
mpa
rabl
e in
val
ue to
Offi
ce o
f Pes
ticid
e Pr
ogra
ms a
quat
ic-li
fe b
ench
mar
ks. A
bbre
viat
ions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
OW
, chr
onic
OW
NRW
QC
; CA
S, C
hem
ical
Abs
tract
s Ser
vice
; CA
NA
LWQ
G, C
anad
ian
Wat
er Q
ualit
y G
uide
lines
for A
quat
ic
Life
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); C
CL3
, Thi
rd C
onta
min
ant C
andi
date
Lis
t (U
SEPA
, 200
9c);
CF,
chr
onic
fish
; CI,
chro
nic
inve
rtebr
ate;
CM
AC
, Max
imum
Allo
wab
le C
on-
cent
ratio
n (H
ealth
Can
ada,
200
8); E
CO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(USE
PA, 2
009a
); EC
OTO
X, t
oxic
ity v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 201
0a);
GLW
QA
, Gre
at L
akes
Wat
er Q
ualit
y A
gree
men
t aqu
atic
-life
wat
er-q
ualit
y ob
ject
ive
(USE
PA, 1
978)
; HB
SL, H
ealth
-Bas
ed S
cree
ning
Lev
el (T
occa
lino
and
othe
rs, 2
008)
; HPV
, hi
gh p
rodu
ctio
n-vo
lum
e ch
emic
al (U
SEPA
, 200
5); M
CL,
Max
imum
Con
tam
inan
t Lev
el (U
SEPA
, 200
9d);
NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(USE
PA, 2
009e
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 200
9f);
OPP
Reg
, rec
ent (
1997
–200
8) a
ctiv
e in
gred
ient
regi
stra
tion
with
USE
PA (U
SEPA
, 200
9b);
OPP
tox,
toxi
city
val
ue fr
om O
PP re
regi
stra
-tio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); O
W N
RWQ
C, O
ffice
of W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he p
rote
ctio
n of
aqu
atic
life
(USE
PA, 2
002)
; PH
BSL
, Pro
visi
onal
Hea
lth-B
ased
Sc
reen
ing
Leve
l; SF
IREG
, Sta
te F
IFR
A Is
sues
Res
earc
h an
d Ev
alua
tion
Gro
up li
st o
f pes
ticid
es o
f wat
er-q
ualit
y co
ncer
n (A
ssoc
iatio
n of
Am
eric
an P
estic
ide
Con
trol O
ffici
als,
2005
); U
CM
R, U
nreg
ulat
ed
Con
tam
inan
t Mon
itorin
g R
egul
atio
n (U
SEPA
, 200
6); U
SEPA
, U.S
. Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy;
USG
S, U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey
aqua
tic-li
fe b
ench
mar
k de
term
ined
usi
ng O
PP m
etho
ds a
nd to
xici
ty d
ata
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); µg
/L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; –,
non
e]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pe
stic
ide
ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sele
cted
aq
uatic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
/sou
rce
of
aqua
tic-l
ife
benc
hmar
k
Hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
Oth
er
agen
cy
prio
ritie
s
cis-
Met
hyl-3
-(2,
2-di
chlo
rovi
nyl)-
2,2-
dim
ethy
l- (1
-cyc
lopr
opan
e)-c
arbo
xyla
te
c618
98-9
5-1
Deg
rada
te1
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–
cis-
Perm
ethr
in61
949-
76-6
Inse
ctic
ide
10.
0014
CI O
PP4
HB
SL–
cis-
Prop
icon
azol
ec6
0207
-90-
1Fu
ngic
ide
193
AN
VP
OPP
70H
BSL
–C
oppe
r74
40-5
0-8
Fung
icid
e1
9C
OW
1,30
0M
CL
MC
L, G
LWQ
A,
OW
NRW
QC
Cya
nazi
ne21
725-
46-2
Her
bici
de1
1,00
0A
I EC
OTO
X1
HB
SLC
AN
ALW
QG
Cya
nazi
ne a
cid
NAV
Deg
rada
te1
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–C
yana
zine
am
ide
NAV
Deg
rada
te1
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–C
yflut
hrin
6835
9-37
-5In
sect
icid
e1
0.01
25A
I EC
OTO
X20
0H
BSL
–C
yhal
othr
in (l
ambd
a-C
yhal
othr
in)
9146
5-08
-6In
sect
icid
e1
0.02
AI E
CO
TOX
40H
BSL
–ga
mm
a-C
yhal
othr
in76
703-
62-3
Inse
ctic
ide
1; re
late
d co
mpo
und
––
––
–
Cyp
erm
ethr
in52
315-
07-8
Inse
ctic
ide
10.
069
CI O
PP40
HB
SL–
zeta
-Cyp
erm
ethr
in69
865-
47-0
Inse
ctic
ide
1; re
late
d co
mpo
und
––
––
–
Dac
thal
1861
-32-
1H
erbi
cide
111
,000
AN
VP
OPP
70H
BSL
SFIR
EGD
acth
al m
onoa
cid
887-
54-7
Deg
rada
te1
6,11
1C
F EC
OSA
RN
AVN
AVU
CM
R, S
FIR
EGD
echl
oroa
ceto
chlo
rN
AVD
egra
date
1N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Dec
hlor
oala
chlo
rN
AVD
egra
date
1N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Dec
hlor
odim
ethe
nam
idN
AVD
egra
date
1N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Dec
hlor
omet
olac
hlor
NAV
Deg
rada
te1
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–D
eeth
ylat
razi
ne61
90-6
5-4
Deg
rada
te1
1,00
0A
NV
P O
PP5
CM
AC
SFIR
EGD
eeth
ylcy
anaz
ine
NAV
Deg
rada
te1
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–
Appendix 3. 85Ta
ble
3–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
and
hum
an-h
ealth
ben
chm
arks
use
d in
the
eval
uatio
n of
pes
ticid
es fo
r wat
er.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Acu
te fi
sh a
nd
inve
rtebr
ate
toxi
city
val
ues w
ere
mul
tiplie
d by
a le
vel o
f con
cern
(LO
C) o
f 0.5
to b
e co
mpa
rabl
e in
val
ue to
Offi
ce o
f Pes
ticid
e Pr
ogra
ms a
quat
ic-li
fe b
ench
mar
ks. A
bbre
viat
ions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
OW
, chr
onic
OW
NRW
QC
; CA
S, C
hem
ical
Abs
tract
s Ser
vice
; CA
NA
LWQ
G, C
anad
ian
Wat
er Q
ualit
y G
uide
lines
for A
quat
ic
Life
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); C
CL3
, Thi
rd C
onta
min
ant C
andi
date
Lis
t (U
SEPA
, 200
9c);
CF,
chr
onic
fish
; CI,
chro
nic
inve
rtebr
ate;
CM
AC
, Max
imum
Allo
wab
le C
on-
cent
ratio
n (H
ealth
Can
ada,
200
8); E
CO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(USE
PA, 2
009a
); EC
OTO
X, t
oxic
ity v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 201
0a);
GLW
QA
, Gre
at L
akes
Wat
er Q
ualit
y A
gree
men
t aqu
atic
-life
wat
er-q
ualit
y ob
ject
ive
(USE
PA, 1
978)
; HB
SL, H
ealth
-Bas
ed S
cree
ning
Lev
el (T
occa
lino
and
othe
rs, 2
008)
; HPV
, hi
gh p
rodu
ctio
n-vo
lum
e ch
emic
al (U
SEPA
, 200
5); M
CL,
Max
imum
Con
tam
inan
t Lev
el (U
SEPA
, 200
9d);
NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(USE
PA, 2
009e
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 200
9f);
OPP
Reg
, rec
ent (
1997
–200
8) a
ctiv
e in
gred
ient
regi
stra
tion
with
USE
PA (U
SEPA
, 200
9b);
OPP
tox,
toxi
city
val
ue fr
om O
PP re
regi
stra
-tio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); O
W N
RWQ
C, O
ffice
of W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he p
rote
ctio
n of
aqu
atic
life
(USE
PA, 2
002)
; PH
BSL
, Pro
visi
onal
Hea
lth-B
ased
Sc
reen
ing
Leve
l; SF
IREG
, Sta
te F
IFR
A Is
sues
Res
earc
h an
d Ev
alua
tion
Gro
up li
st o
f pes
ticid
es o
f wat
er-q
ualit
y co
ncer
n (A
ssoc
iatio
n of
Am
eric
an P
estic
ide
Con
trol O
ffici
als,
2005
); U
CM
R, U
nreg
ulat
ed
Con
tam
inan
t Mon
itorin
g R
egul
atio
n (U
SEPA
, 200
6); U
SEPA
, U.S
. Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy;
USG
S, U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey
aqua
tic-li
fe b
ench
mar
k de
term
ined
usi
ng O
PP m
etho
ds a
nd to
xici
ty d
ata
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); µg
/L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; –,
non
e]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pe
stic
ide
ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sele
cted
aq
uatic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
/sou
rce
of
aqua
tic-l
ife
benc
hmar
k
Hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
Oth
er
agen
cy
prio
ritie
s
Dee
thyl
cyan
azin
e ac
idN
AVD
egra
date
1N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Dee
thyl
cyan
azin
e am
ide
NAV
Deg
rada
te1
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–D
eeth
ylhy
drox
yatra
zine
NAV
Deg
rada
te1
NAV
NAV
5C
MA
C–
Dei
sopr
opyl
pro
met
ryn
NAV
Deg
rada
te1
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–D
eiso
prop
ylat
razi
ne10
07-2
8-9
Deg
rada
te1
2,50
0A
NV
P O
PP5
CM
AC
SFIR
EGD
eiso
prop
ylhy
drox
yatra
zine
7313
-54-
4D
egra
date
158
CI E
CO
SAR
5C
MA
C–
delta
-HC
H31
9-86
-8In
sect
icid
e m
ixtu
re
com
pone
nt, b
y-pr
oduc
t, de
grad
ate
142
0A
F EC
OTO
XN
AVN
AV–
Del
tam
ethr
in52
918-
63-5
Inse
ctic
ide
10.
0145
AI E
CO
TOX
NAV
NAV
CA
NA
LWQ
GD
emet
hyl fl
uom
etur
onN
AVD
egra
date
1N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Dem
ethy
l nor
flura
zon
NAV
Deg
rada
te1
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
SFIR
EGD
esul
finyl
fipro
nil (
MB
4651
3)N
AVD
egra
date
1N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Des
ulfin
ylfip
roni
l am
ide
(R
PA 1
0504
8)N
AVD
egra
date
1N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Dia
zino
n33
3-41
-5In
sect
icid
e1
0.10
5A
I OPP
1H
BSL
UC
MR
, SFI
REG
, G
LWQ
A, O
W
NRW
QC
Dia
zino
n ox
ygen
ana
log
962-
58-3
Deg
rada
te1
3,02
0C
F EC
OSA
RN
AVN
AV–
Dic
amba
1918
-00-
9H
erbi
cide
161
AN
VP
OPP
3,00
0H
BSL
SFIR
EG,
CA
NA
LWQ
GD
ichl
oben
il11
94-6
5-6
Her
bici
de1
30AV
P O
PP9
HB
SL–
Dic
hlor
vos
62-7
3-7
Inse
ctic
ide/
fum
igan
t/deg
-ra
date
1N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Dic
ofol
111
5-32
-2In
sect
icid
e1
1C
F O
PP to
xN
AVN
AV–
86 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
3–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
and
hum
an-h
ealth
ben
chm
arks
use
d in
the
eval
uatio
n of
pes
ticid
es fo
r wat
er.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Acu
te fi
sh a
nd
inve
rtebr
ate
toxi
city
val
ues w
ere
mul
tiplie
d by
a le
vel o
f con
cern
(LO
C) o
f 0.5
to b
e co
mpa
rabl
e in
val
ue to
Offi
ce o
f Pes
ticid
e Pr
ogra
ms a
quat
ic-li
fe b
ench
mar
ks. A
bbre
viat
ions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
OW
, chr
onic
OW
NRW
QC
; CA
S, C
hem
ical
Abs
tract
s Ser
vice
; CA
NA
LWQ
G, C
anad
ian
Wat
er Q
ualit
y G
uide
lines
for A
quat
ic
Life
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); C
CL3
, Thi
rd C
onta
min
ant C
andi
date
Lis
t (U
SEPA
, 200
9c);
CF,
chr
onic
fish
; CI,
chro
nic
inve
rtebr
ate;
CM
AC
, Max
imum
Allo
wab
le C
on-
cent
ratio
n (H
ealth
Can
ada,
200
8); E
CO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(USE
PA, 2
009a
); EC
OTO
X, t
oxic
ity v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 201
0a);
GLW
QA
, Gre
at L
akes
Wat
er Q
ualit
y A
gree
men
t aqu
atic
-life
wat
er-q
ualit
y ob
ject
ive
(USE
PA, 1
978)
; HB
SL, H
ealth
-Bas
ed S
cree
ning
Lev
el (T
occa
lino
and
othe
rs, 2
008)
; HPV
, hi
gh p
rodu
ctio
n-vo
lum
e ch
emic
al (U
SEPA
, 200
5); M
CL,
Max
imum
Con
tam
inan
t Lev
el (U
SEPA
, 200
9d);
NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(USE
PA, 2
009e
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 200
9f);
OPP
Reg
, rec
ent (
1997
–200
8) a
ctiv
e in
gred
ient
regi
stra
tion
with
USE
PA (U
SEPA
, 200
9b);
OPP
tox,
toxi
city
val
ue fr
om O
PP re
regi
stra
-tio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); O
W N
RWQ
C, O
ffice
of W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he p
rote
ctio
n of
aqu
atic
life
(USE
PA, 2
002)
; PH
BSL
, Pro
visi
onal
Hea
lth-B
ased
Sc
reen
ing
Leve
l; SF
IREG
, Sta
te F
IFR
A Is
sues
Res
earc
h an
d Ev
alua
tion
Gro
up li
st o
f pes
ticid
es o
f wat
er-q
ualit
y co
ncer
n (A
ssoc
iatio
n of
Am
eric
an P
estic
ide
Con
trol O
ffici
als,
2005
); U
CM
R, U
nreg
ulat
ed
Con
tam
inan
t Mon
itorin
g R
egul
atio
n (U
SEPA
, 200
6); U
SEPA
, U.S
. Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy;
USG
S, U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey
aqua
tic-li
fe b
ench
mar
k de
term
ined
usi
ng O
PP m
etho
ds a
nd to
xici
ty d
ata
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); µg
/L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; –,
non
e]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pe
stic
ide
ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sele
cted
aq
uatic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
/sou
rce
of
aqua
tic-l
ife
benc
hmar
k
Hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
Oth
er
agen
cy
prio
ritie
s
Dic
roto
phos
141-
66-2
Inse
ctic
ide
10.
99C
I OPP
0.05
HB
SLC
CL3
Did
ealk
ylat
razi
ne33
97-6
2-4
Deg
rada
te1
50,0
00A
F O
PPN
AVN
AVSF
IREG
Die
ldrin
60-5
7-1
Inse
ctic
ide
10.
056
C O
W0.
002
HB
SLO
W N
RWQ
CD
iflub
enzu
ron
3536
7-38
-5In
sect
icid
e1
0.06
CI O
PP to
xN
AVN
AV–
Difl
ufen
zopy
r10
9293
-97-
2H
erbi
cide
10.
63A
NV
P EC
OSA
RN
AVN
AVO
PP R
egD
imet
hena
mid
8767
4-68
-8H
erbi
cide
11,
300
AF
ECO
TOX
NAV
NAV
SFIR
EGD
imet
hena
mid
ESA
NAV
Deg
rada
te1
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–D
imet
hena
mid
OA
NAV
Deg
rada
te1
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–D
imet
hena
mid
-P16
3515
-14-
8H
erbi
cide
18.
9AV
P O
PPN
AVN
AV–
Dim
etho
ate
60-5
1-5
Inse
ctic
ide
10.
5C
I OPP
2H
BSL
CC
L3, U
CM
R,
CA
NA
LWQ
GD
iqua
t85
-00-
7H
erbi
cide
10.
0036
AVP
OPP
tox
20M
CL
MC
LD
isul
foto
n29
8-04
-4In
sect
icid
e1
0.01
CI O
PP0.
9H
BSL
CC
L3, U
CM
RD
isul
foto
n su
lfone
2497
-06-
5D
egra
date
10.
14C
I OPP
NAV
NAV
–D
isul
foto
n su
lfoxi
de24
97-0
7-6
Deg
rada
te1
1.53
CI O
PPN
AVN
AV–
Diu
ron
330-
54-1
Her
bici
de1
2.4
AN
VP
OPP
2H
BSL
CC
L3, U
CM
R,
SFIR
EG, H
PVEn
dosu
lfan
115-
29-7
Inse
ctic
ide
10.
07C
I OPP
40H
BSL
SFIR
EG,
CA
NA
LWQ
G,
OW
NRW
QC
alph
a-En
dosu
lfan
959-
98-8
Inse
ctic
ide
1; re
late
d co
mpo
und
––
––
CA
NA
LWQ
G,
OW
NRW
QC
beta
-End
osul
fan
3321
3-65
-9In
sect
icid
e1;
rela
ted
com
poun
d–
––
–C
AN
ALW
QG
, O
W N
RWQ
CEn
dosu
lfan
ethe
r33
69-5
2-6
Deg
rada
te1
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–
Appendix 3. 87Ta
ble
3–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
and
hum
an-h
ealth
ben
chm
arks
use
d in
the
eval
uatio
n of
pes
ticid
es fo
r wat
er.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Acu
te fi
sh a
nd
inve
rtebr
ate
toxi
city
val
ues w
ere
mul
tiplie
d by
a le
vel o
f con
cern
(LO
C) o
f 0.5
to b
e co
mpa
rabl
e in
val
ue to
Offi
ce o
f Pes
ticid
e Pr
ogra
ms a
quat
ic-li
fe b
ench
mar
ks. A
bbre
viat
ions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
OW
, chr
onic
OW
NRW
QC
; CA
S, C
hem
ical
Abs
tract
s Ser
vice
; CA
NA
LWQ
G, C
anad
ian
Wat
er Q
ualit
y G
uide
lines
for A
quat
ic
Life
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); C
CL3
, Thi
rd C
onta
min
ant C
andi
date
Lis
t (U
SEPA
, 200
9c);
CF,
chr
onic
fish
; CI,
chro
nic
inve
rtebr
ate;
CM
AC
, Max
imum
Allo
wab
le C
on-
cent
ratio
n (H
ealth
Can
ada,
200
8); E
CO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(USE
PA, 2
009a
); EC
OTO
X, t
oxic
ity v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 201
0a);
GLW
QA
, Gre
at L
akes
Wat
er Q
ualit
y A
gree
men
t aqu
atic
-life
wat
er-q
ualit
y ob
ject
ive
(USE
PA, 1
978)
; HB
SL, H
ealth
-Bas
ed S
cree
ning
Lev
el (T
occa
lino
and
othe
rs, 2
008)
; HPV
, hi
gh p
rodu
ctio
n-vo
lum
e ch
emic
al (U
SEPA
, 200
5); M
CL,
Max
imum
Con
tam
inan
t Lev
el (U
SEPA
, 200
9d);
NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(USE
PA, 2
009e
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 200
9f);
OPP
Reg
, rec
ent (
1997
–200
8) a
ctiv
e in
gred
ient
regi
stra
tion
with
USE
PA (U
SEPA
, 200
9b);
OPP
tox,
toxi
city
val
ue fr
om O
PP re
regi
stra
-tio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); O
W N
RWQ
C, O
ffice
of W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he p
rote
ctio
n of
aqu
atic
life
(USE
PA, 2
002)
; PH
BSL
, Pro
visi
onal
Hea
lth-B
ased
Sc
reen
ing
Leve
l; SF
IREG
, Sta
te F
IFR
A Is
sues
Res
earc
h an
d Ev
alua
tion
Gro
up li
st o
f pes
ticid
es o
f wat
er-q
ualit
y co
ncer
n (A
ssoc
iatio
n of
Am
eric
an P
estic
ide
Con
trol O
ffici
als,
2005
); U
CM
R, U
nreg
ulat
ed
Con
tam
inan
t Mon
itorin
g R
egul
atio
n (U
SEPA
, 200
6); U
SEPA
, U.S
. Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy;
USG
S, U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey
aqua
tic-li
fe b
ench
mar
k de
term
ined
usi
ng O
PP m
etho
ds a
nd to
xici
ty d
ata
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); µg
/L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; –,
non
e]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pe
stic
ide
ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sele
cted
aq
uatic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
/sou
rce
of
aqua
tic-l
ife
benc
hmar
k
Hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
Oth
er
agen
cy
prio
ritie
s
Endo
sulfa
n su
lfate
1031
-07-
8D
egra
date
11.
9A
F O
PPN
AVN
AV–
Endo
thal
l 214
5-73
-3H
erbi
cide
11.
9A
NV
P O
PP to
x10
0M
CL
MC
LEP
TC
(S-E
thyl
dip
ropy
lthio
carb
amat
e)75
9-94
-4H
erbi
cide
181
0C
I OPP
200
HB
SLU
CM
R
Esfe
nval
erat
e66
230-
04-4
Inse
ctic
ide
10.
017
CI O
PPN
AVN
AVSF
IREG
Etha
lflur
alin
5528
3-68
-6H
erbi
cide
10.
4C
F O
PP30
HB
SL–
Etho
prop
1319
4-48
-4In
sect
icid
e1
22A
I OPP
1H
BSL
CC
L3, S
FIR
EGEt
oxaz
ole
1532
33-9
1-1
Inse
ctic
ide
11.
07C
F EC
OSA
RN
AVN
AVO
PP R
egFa
mox
adon
e13
1807
-57-
3Fu
ngic
ide
11.
47C
F EC
OSA
RN
AVN
AVO
PP R
egFe
nam
ipho
s22
224-
92-6
Inse
ctic
ide
10.
12C
I USG
S0.
7H
BSL
CC
L3Fe
nam
ipho
s sul
fone
3197
2-44
-8D
egra
date
158
7A
F U
SGS
NAV
NAV
–Fe
nam
ipho
s sul
foxi
de31
972-
43-7
Deg
rada
te1
3.75
AI U
SGS
NAV
NAV
–Fe
nbut
atin
oxi
de13
356-
08-6
Inse
ctic
ide
10.
75A
F O
PP to
xN
AVN
AV–
Fenp
ropa
thrin
3951
5-41
-8In
sect
icid
e1
0.26
5A
I EC
OTO
XN
AVN
AV–
Fent
in h
ydro
xide
(T
PTH
, Trip
heny
ltin
hydr
oxid
e)76
-87-
9Fu
ngic
ide/
m
ollu
scic
ide/
herb
icid
e1
1.85
AF
ECO
TOX
NAV
NAV
CC
L3, H
PV
Fipr
onil
1200
68-3
7-3
Inse
ctic
ide
112
.5A
F EC
OTO
XN
AVN
AV–
Fipr
onil
sulfi
de12
0067
-83-
6D
egra
date
1N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Fipr
onil
sulfo
ne12
0068
-36-
2D
egra
date
15,
600
AI E
CO
TOX
NAV
NAV
–Fl
umet
sula
m98
967-
40-9
Her
bici
de1
127,
000
AI E
CO
TOX
7,00
0H
BSL
–Fl
umic
lora
c 3
8754
6-18
-7H
erbi
cide
11.
49C
F EC
OSA
RN
AVN
AV–
Fluo
met
uron
2164
-17-
2H
erbi
cide
130
AN
VP
OPP
4H
BSL
–Fo
nofo
s94
4-22
-9In
sect
icid
e1
1A
I EC
OTO
X10
HB
SLU
CM
RFo
nofo
s oxy
gen
anal
og94
4-21
-8D
egra
date
1N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
88 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
3–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
and
hum
an-h
ealth
ben
chm
arks
use
d in
the
eval
uatio
n of
pes
ticid
es fo
r wat
er.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Acu
te fi
sh a
nd
inve
rtebr
ate
toxi
city
val
ues w
ere
mul
tiplie
d by
a le
vel o
f con
cern
(LO
C) o
f 0.5
to b
e co
mpa
rabl
e in
val
ue to
Offi
ce o
f Pes
ticid
e Pr
ogra
ms a
quat
ic-li
fe b
ench
mar
ks. A
bbre
viat
ions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
OW
, chr
onic
OW
NRW
QC
; CA
S, C
hem
ical
Abs
tract
s Ser
vice
; CA
NA
LWQ
G, C
anad
ian
Wat
er Q
ualit
y G
uide
lines
for A
quat
ic
Life
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); C
CL3
, Thi
rd C
onta
min
ant C
andi
date
Lis
t (U
SEPA
, 200
9c);
CF,
chr
onic
fish
; CI,
chro
nic
inve
rtebr
ate;
CM
AC
, Max
imum
Allo
wab
le C
on-
cent
ratio
n (H
ealth
Can
ada,
200
8); E
CO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(USE
PA, 2
009a
); EC
OTO
X, t
oxic
ity v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 201
0a);
GLW
QA
, Gre
at L
akes
Wat
er Q
ualit
y A
gree
men
t aqu
atic
-life
wat
er-q
ualit
y ob
ject
ive
(USE
PA, 1
978)
; HB
SL, H
ealth
-Bas
ed S
cree
ning
Lev
el (T
occa
lino
and
othe
rs, 2
008)
; HPV
, hi
gh p
rodu
ctio
n-vo
lum
e ch
emic
al (U
SEPA
, 200
5); M
CL,
Max
imum
Con
tam
inan
t Lev
el (U
SEPA
, 200
9d);
NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(USE
PA, 2
009e
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 200
9f);
OPP
Reg
, rec
ent (
1997
–200
8) a
ctiv
e in
gred
ient
regi
stra
tion
with
USE
PA (U
SEPA
, 200
9b);
OPP
tox,
toxi
city
val
ue fr
om O
PP re
regi
stra
-tio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); O
W N
RWQ
C, O
ffice
of W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he p
rote
ctio
n of
aqu
atic
life
(USE
PA, 2
002)
; PH
BSL
, Pro
visi
onal
Hea
lth-B
ased
Sc
reen
ing
Leve
l; SF
IREG
, Sta
te F
IFR
A Is
sues
Res
earc
h an
d Ev
alua
tion
Gro
up li
st o
f pes
ticid
es o
f wat
er-q
ualit
y co
ncer
n (A
ssoc
iatio
n of
Am
eric
an P
estic
ide
Con
trol O
ffici
als,
2005
); U
CM
R, U
nreg
ulat
ed
Con
tam
inan
t Mon
itorin
g R
egul
atio
n (U
SEPA
, 200
6); U
SEPA
, U.S
. Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy;
USG
S, U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey
aqua
tic-li
fe b
ench
mar
k de
term
ined
usi
ng O
PP m
etho
ds a
nd to
xici
ty d
ata
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); µg
/L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; –,
non
e]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pe
stic
ide
ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sele
cted
aq
uatic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
/sou
rce
of
aqua
tic-l
ife
benc
hmar
k
Hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
Oth
er
agen
cy
prio
ritie
s
Form
etan
ate
hydr
ochl
orid
e23
422-
53-9
Inse
ctic
ide
10.
5C
I OPP
tox
NAV
NAV
–ga
mm
a-H
CH
58-8
9-9
Inse
ctic
ide
10.
5A
I OPP
0.2
MC
LM
CL,
SFI
REG
, C
AN
ALW
QG
, G
LWQ
A, O
W
NRW
QC
Gly
phos
ate
1071
-83-
6H
erbi
cide
11,
800
CF
OPP
700
MC
LM
CL,
SFI
REG
, C
AN
ALW
QG
Hal
osul
furo
n-m
ethy
l10
0784
-20-
1H
erbi
cide
149
AN
VP
ECO
SAR
NAV
NAV
–H
exaz
inon
e51
235-
04-2
Her
bici
de1
7A
NV
P O
PP40
0H
BSL
SFIR
EGH
ydro
xyac
etoc
hlor
6009
0-47
-3D
egra
date
1N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Hyd
roxy
alac
hlor
NAV
Deg
rada
te1
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–H
ydro
xydi
met
hana
mid
NAV
Deg
rada
te1
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–H
ydro
xym
etol
achl
or13
1068
-72-
9D
egra
date
1N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Hyd
roxy
sim
azin
e25
99-1
1-3
Deg
rada
te1
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–Im
azam
ox11
4311
-32-
9H
erbi
cide
111
AVP
OPP
NAV
NAV
OPP
Reg
Imaz
aqui
n81
335-
37-7
Her
bici
de1
140,
000
AF
ECO
TOX
2,00
0H
BSL
–Im
azet
hapy
r81
335-
77-5
Her
bici
de1
120,
000
AF
ECO
TOX
2,00
0H
BSL
–Im
idac
lopr
id13
8261
-41-
3In
sect
icid
e1
1.05
CI O
PP40
0H
BSL
SFIR
EG,
CA
NA
LWQ
GIn
doxa
carb
1735
84-4
4-6
Inse
ctic
ide
10.
099
AN
VP
ECO
SAR
NAV
NAV
OPP
Reg
Ipro
dion
e36
734-
19-7
Fung
icid
e1
120
AI O
PP0.
8H
BSL
–Is
oxafl
utol
e14
1112
-29-
0H
erbi
cide
14.
9AV
P O
PPN
AVN
AVSF
IREG
, OPP
R
egK
reso
xim
-met
hyl
1433
90-8
9-0
Fung
icid
e1
6C
F EC
OSA
RN
AVN
AVO
PP R
eg
Appendix 3. 89Ta
ble
3–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
and
hum
an-h
ealth
ben
chm
arks
use
d in
the
eval
uatio
n of
pes
ticid
es fo
r wat
er.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Acu
te fi
sh a
nd
inve
rtebr
ate
toxi
city
val
ues w
ere
mul
tiplie
d by
a le
vel o
f con
cern
(LO
C) o
f 0.5
to b
e co
mpa
rabl
e in
val
ue to
Offi
ce o
f Pes
ticid
e Pr
ogra
ms a
quat
ic-li
fe b
ench
mar
ks. A
bbre
viat
ions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
OW
, chr
onic
OW
NRW
QC
; CA
S, C
hem
ical
Abs
tract
s Ser
vice
; CA
NA
LWQ
G, C
anad
ian
Wat
er Q
ualit
y G
uide
lines
for A
quat
ic
Life
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); C
CL3
, Thi
rd C
onta
min
ant C
andi
date
Lis
t (U
SEPA
, 200
9c);
CF,
chr
onic
fish
; CI,
chro
nic
inve
rtebr
ate;
CM
AC
, Max
imum
Allo
wab
le C
on-
cent
ratio
n (H
ealth
Can
ada,
200
8); E
CO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(USE
PA, 2
009a
); EC
OTO
X, t
oxic
ity v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 201
0a);
GLW
QA
, Gre
at L
akes
Wat
er Q
ualit
y A
gree
men
t aqu
atic
-life
wat
er-q
ualit
y ob
ject
ive
(USE
PA, 1
978)
; HB
SL, H
ealth
-Bas
ed S
cree
ning
Lev
el (T
occa
lino
and
othe
rs, 2
008)
; HPV
, hi
gh p
rodu
ctio
n-vo
lum
e ch
emic
al (U
SEPA
, 200
5); M
CL,
Max
imum
Con
tam
inan
t Lev
el (U
SEPA
, 200
9d);
NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(USE
PA, 2
009e
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 200
9f);
OPP
Reg
, rec
ent (
1997
–200
8) a
ctiv
e in
gred
ient
regi
stra
tion
with
USE
PA (U
SEPA
, 200
9b);
OPP
tox,
toxi
city
val
ue fr
om O
PP re
regi
stra
-tio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); O
W N
RWQ
C, O
ffice
of W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he p
rote
ctio
n of
aqu
atic
life
(USE
PA, 2
002)
; PH
BSL
, Pro
visi
onal
Hea
lth-B
ased
Sc
reen
ing
Leve
l; SF
IREG
, Sta
te F
IFR
A Is
sues
Res
earc
h an
d Ev
alua
tion
Gro
up li
st o
f pes
ticid
es o
f wat
er-q
ualit
y co
ncer
n (A
ssoc
iatio
n of
Am
eric
an P
estic
ide
Con
trol O
ffici
als,
2005
); U
CM
R, U
nreg
ulat
ed
Con
tam
inan
t Mon
itorin
g R
egul
atio
n (U
SEPA
, 200
6); U
SEPA
, U.S
. Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy;
USG
S, U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey
aqua
tic-li
fe b
ench
mar
k de
term
ined
usi
ng O
PP m
etho
ds a
nd to
xici
ty d
ata
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); µg
/L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; –,
non
e]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pe
stic
ide
ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sele
cted
aq
uatic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
/sou
rce
of
aqua
tic-l
ife
benc
hmar
k
Hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
Oth
er
agen
cy
prio
ritie
s
Linu
ron
330-
55-2
Her
bici
de1
0.09
CI O
PP5
HB
SLU
CM
R,
CA
NA
LWQ
GM
alao
xon
1634
-78-
2D
egra
date
12.
7A
I EC
OTO
XN
AVN
AV–
Mal
athi
on12
1-75
-5In
sect
icid
e1
0.00
0026
CI O
PP50
HB
SLSF
IREG
, OW
N
RWQ
CM
aneb
1242
7-38
-2Fu
ngic
ide
113
.4A
NV
P O
PPN
AVN
AV–
MB
C (C
arbe
ndaz
im)
1060
5-21
-7D
egra
date
12
CF
OPP
tox
NAV
NAV
–M
CPA
(2
-Met
hyl-4
-chl
orop
heno
xyac
etic
ac
id)
94-7
4-6
Her
bici
de1
170
AVP
OPP
30H
BSL
SFIR
EG,
CA
NA
LWQ
G,
HPV
Met
alax
yl57
837-
19-1
Fung
icid
e1
1,20
0C
I OPP
600
HB
SLSF
IREG
Met
am so
dium
137-
42-8
Fum
igan
t/ he
rbic
ide/
fu
ngic
ide/
m
icro
bioc
ide/
al
gaec
ide
125
.6A
F O
PPN
AVN
AV–
Met
cona
zole
1251
16-2
3-6
Fung
icid
e1
20C
F EC
OSA
RN
AVN
AVO
PP R
egM
etha
mid
opho
s10
265-
92-6
Inse
ctic
ide
14.
5C
I OPP
NAV
NAV
CC
L3M
ethi
dath
ion
950-
37-8
Inse
ctic
ide
10.
66C
I OPP
1H
BSL
–M
etho
myl
1675
2-77
-5In
sect
icid
e1
0.7
CI O
PP20
0H
BSL
–M
etho
myl
-oxi
me
1374
9-94
-5D
egra
date
115
CI E
CO
SAR
NAV
NAV
HPV
Met
hoxy
chlo
r72
-43-
5In
sect
icid
e1
0.03
C O
W40
MC
LM
CL,
GLW
QA
, O
W N
RWQ
CM
etho
xyfe
nozi
de16
1050
-58-
4In
sect
icid
e1
0.06
9A
NV
P EC
OSA
RN
AVN
AV–
90 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
3–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
and
hum
an-h
ealth
ben
chm
arks
use
d in
the
eval
uatio
n of
pes
ticid
es fo
r wat
er.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Acu
te fi
sh a
nd
inve
rtebr
ate
toxi
city
val
ues w
ere
mul
tiplie
d by
a le
vel o
f con
cern
(LO
C) o
f 0.5
to b
e co
mpa
rabl
e in
val
ue to
Offi
ce o
f Pes
ticid
e Pr
ogra
ms a
quat
ic-li
fe b
ench
mar
ks. A
bbre
viat
ions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
OW
, chr
onic
OW
NRW
QC
; CA
S, C
hem
ical
Abs
tract
s Ser
vice
; CA
NA
LWQ
G, C
anad
ian
Wat
er Q
ualit
y G
uide
lines
for A
quat
ic
Life
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); C
CL3
, Thi
rd C
onta
min
ant C
andi
date
Lis
t (U
SEPA
, 200
9c);
CF,
chr
onic
fish
; CI,
chro
nic
inve
rtebr
ate;
CM
AC
, Max
imum
Allo
wab
le C
on-
cent
ratio
n (H
ealth
Can
ada,
200
8); E
CO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(USE
PA, 2
009a
); EC
OTO
X, t
oxic
ity v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 201
0a);
GLW
QA
, Gre
at L
akes
Wat
er Q
ualit
y A
gree
men
t aqu
atic
-life
wat
er-q
ualit
y ob
ject
ive
(USE
PA, 1
978)
; HB
SL, H
ealth
-Bas
ed S
cree
ning
Lev
el (T
occa
lino
and
othe
rs, 2
008)
; HPV
, hi
gh p
rodu
ctio
n-vo
lum
e ch
emic
al (U
SEPA
, 200
5); M
CL,
Max
imum
Con
tam
inan
t Lev
el (U
SEPA
, 200
9d);
NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(USE
PA, 2
009e
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 200
9f);
OPP
Reg
, rec
ent (
1997
–200
8) a
ctiv
e in
gred
ient
regi
stra
tion
with
USE
PA (U
SEPA
, 200
9b);
OPP
tox,
toxi
city
val
ue fr
om O
PP re
regi
stra
-tio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); O
W N
RWQ
C, O
ffice
of W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he p
rote
ctio
n of
aqu
atic
life
(USE
PA, 2
002)
; PH
BSL
, Pro
visi
onal
Hea
lth-B
ased
Sc
reen
ing
Leve
l; SF
IREG
, Sta
te F
IFR
A Is
sues
Res
earc
h an
d Ev
alua
tion
Gro
up li
st o
f pes
ticid
es o
f wat
er-q
ualit
y co
ncer
n (A
ssoc
iatio
n of
Am
eric
an P
estic
ide
Con
trol O
ffici
als,
2005
); U
CM
R, U
nreg
ulat
ed
Con
tam
inan
t Mon
itorin
g R
egul
atio
n (U
SEPA
, 200
6); U
SEPA
, U.S
. Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy;
USG
S, U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey
aqua
tic-li
fe b
ench
mar
k de
term
ined
usi
ng O
PP m
etho
ds a
nd to
xici
ty d
ata
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); µg
/L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; –,
non
e]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pe
stic
ide
ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sele
cted
aq
uatic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
/sou
rce
of
aqua
tic-l
ife
benc
hmar
k
Hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
Oth
er
agen
cy
prio
ritie
s
Met
olac
hlor
5121
8-45
-2H
erbi
cide
11
CI O
PP70
0H
BSL
CC
L3, U
CM
R,
SFIR
EG,
CA
NA
LWQ
GM
etol
achl
or E
SA17
1118
-09-
5D
egra
date
124
,000
AF
OPP
NAV
NAV
CC
L3, U
CM
R,
SFIR
EGM
etol
achl
or O
A15
2019
-73-
3 D
egra
date
17,
700
AI O
PPN
AVN
AVC
CL3
, UC
MR
, SF
IREG
Met
ribuz
in21
087-
64-9
Her
bici
de1
8.7
AN
VP
OPP
90H
BSL
SFIR
EG,
CA
NA
LWQ
GM
olin
ate
2212
-67-
1H
erbi
cide
110
5A
F O
PP0.
7H
BSL
CC
L3, U
CM
RM
yclo
buta
nil
8867
1-89
-0Fu
ngic
ide
11,
200
AF
ECO
TOX
200
HB
SL–
Nal
ed30
0-76
-5In
sect
icid
e1
0.04
5C
I OPP
10H
BSL
–N
icos
ulfu
ron
1119
91-0
9-4
Her
bici
de1
46A
NV
P EC
OSA
R9,
000
HB
SL–
Nor
flura
zon
2731
4-13
-2H
erbi
cide
19.
7A
NV
P O
PP10
HB
SLSF
IREG
Nov
alur
on11
6714
-46-
6H
erbi
cide
10.
99C
F EC
OSA
RN
AVN
AVO
PP R
egO
-Eth
yl-O
-met
hyl-
S-pr
opyl
phos
phor
othi
oate
7696
0-87
-7D
egra
date
1N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Ory
zalin
1904
4-88
-3H
erbi
cide
115
.4AV
P O
PP4
HB
SL–
Oxa
myl
2313
5-22
-0In
sect
icid
e1
90A
I OPP
200
MC
LM
CL
Oxa
myl
oxi
me
3055
8-43
-1D
egra
date
135
CI E
CO
SAR
NAV
NAV
–O
xyflu
orfe
n42
874-
03-3
Her
bici
de1
0.29
AN
VP
OPP
20H
BSL
CC
L3p,
pʹ-D
DE
(p,p
ʹ-Dic
hlor
odip
heny
l-di
chlo
roet
hyle
ne)
72-5
5-9
Deg
rada
te1
0.00
1C
OW
0.1
HB
SLU
CM
R, O
W
NRW
QC
Para
oxon
-met
hyl
950-
35-6
Deg
rada
te1
1C
I OPP
NAV
NAV
–
Appendix 3. 91Ta
ble
3–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
and
hum
an-h
ealth
ben
chm
arks
use
d in
the
eval
uatio
n of
pes
ticid
es fo
r wat
er.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Acu
te fi
sh a
nd
inve
rtebr
ate
toxi
city
val
ues w
ere
mul
tiplie
d by
a le
vel o
f con
cern
(LO
C) o
f 0.5
to b
e co
mpa
rabl
e in
val
ue to
Offi
ce o
f Pes
ticid
e Pr
ogra
ms a
quat
ic-li
fe b
ench
mar
ks. A
bbre
viat
ions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
OW
, chr
onic
OW
NRW
QC
; CA
S, C
hem
ical
Abs
tract
s Ser
vice
; CA
NA
LWQ
G, C
anad
ian
Wat
er Q
ualit
y G
uide
lines
for A
quat
ic
Life
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); C
CL3
, Thi
rd C
onta
min
ant C
andi
date
Lis
t (U
SEPA
, 200
9c);
CF,
chr
onic
fish
; CI,
chro
nic
inve
rtebr
ate;
CM
AC
, Max
imum
Allo
wab
le C
on-
cent
ratio
n (H
ealth
Can
ada,
200
8); E
CO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(USE
PA, 2
009a
); EC
OTO
X, t
oxic
ity v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 201
0a);
GLW
QA
, Gre
at L
akes
Wat
er Q
ualit
y A
gree
men
t aqu
atic
-life
wat
er-q
ualit
y ob
ject
ive
(USE
PA, 1
978)
; HB
SL, H
ealth
-Bas
ed S
cree
ning
Lev
el (T
occa
lino
and
othe
rs, 2
008)
; HPV
, hi
gh p
rodu
ctio
n-vo
lum
e ch
emic
al (U
SEPA
, 200
5); M
CL,
Max
imum
Con
tam
inan
t Lev
el (U
SEPA
, 200
9d);
NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(USE
PA, 2
009e
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 200
9f);
OPP
Reg
, rec
ent (
1997
–200
8) a
ctiv
e in
gred
ient
regi
stra
tion
with
USE
PA (U
SEPA
, 200
9b);
OPP
tox,
toxi
city
val
ue fr
om O
PP re
regi
stra
-tio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); O
W N
RWQ
C, O
ffice
of W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he p
rote
ctio
n of
aqu
atic
life
(USE
PA, 2
002)
; PH
BSL
, Pro
visi
onal
Hea
lth-B
ased
Sc
reen
ing
Leve
l; SF
IREG
, Sta
te F
IFR
A Is
sues
Res
earc
h an
d Ev
alua
tion
Gro
up li
st o
f pes
ticid
es o
f wat
er-q
ualit
y co
ncer
n (A
ssoc
iatio
n of
Am
eric
an P
estic
ide
Con
trol O
ffici
als,
2005
); U
CM
R, U
nreg
ulat
ed
Con
tam
inan
t Mon
itorin
g R
egul
atio
n (U
SEPA
, 200
6); U
SEPA
, U.S
. Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy;
USG
S, U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey
aqua
tic-li
fe b
ench
mar
k de
term
ined
usi
ng O
PP m
etho
ds a
nd to
xici
ty d
ata
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); µg
/L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; –,
non
e]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pe
stic
ide
ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sele
cted
aq
uatic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
/sou
rce
of
aqua
tic-l
ife
benc
hmar
k
Hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
Oth
er
agen
cy
prio
ritie
s
Para
quat
4685
-14-
7H
erbi
cide
10.
55A
NV
P O
PP to
x10
CM
AC
–Pa
rath
ion-
met
hyl
298-
00-0
Inse
ctic
ide
10.
25C
I OPP
1H
BSL
–Pe
ndim
etha
lin40
487-
42-1
Her
bici
de1
5.4
AN
VP
OPP
70H
BSL
SFIR
EGPe
rmet
hrin
5264
5-53
-1In
sect
icid
e1
0.00
14C
I OPP
4H
BSL
CC
L3,
CA
NA
LWQ
GPh
orat
e29
8-02
-2In
sect
icid
e1
0.21
CI O
PP4
HB
SL–
Phor
ate
oxon
2600
-69-
3D
egra
date
15,
549
CF
ECO
SAR
NAV
NAV
–Ph
osm
et73
2-11
-6In
sect
icid
e1
0.8
CI O
PP8
HB
SLSF
IREG
Phos
met
oxo
n37
35-3
3-9
Deg
rada
te1
1,50
7A
NV
P EC
OSA
RN
AVN
AV–
Pipe
rony
l but
oxid
e51
-03-
6Sy
nerg
ist
130
CI O
PP to
xN
AVN
AV–
Prof
enof
os41
198-
08-7
Inse
ctic
ide
10.
2C
I OPP
0.4
HB
SLC
CL3
Prom
eton
1610
-18-
0H
erbi
cide
198
AN
VP
OPP
400
HB
SLU
CM
R, S
FIR
EGPr
omet
ryn
7287
-19-
6H
erbi
cide
11
AN
VP
OPP
300
HB
SLSF
IREG
Pron
amid
e23
950-
58-5
Her
bici
de1
600
CI O
PP1
HB
SL–
Prop
anil
709-
98-8
Her
bici
de1
9.1
CF
OPP
6H
BSL
–Pr
opar
gite
2312
-35-
8In
sect
icid
e1
9C
I OPP
1H
BSL
–Pr
opaz
ine
139-
40-2
Her
bici
de1
5,50
0A
I EC
OTO
X10
0H
BSL
SFIR
EG, O
PP
Reg
, HPV
Prop
icon
azol
e60
207-
90-1
Fung
icid
e1
93A
NV
P O
PP70
HB
SLSF
IREG
Prop
oxur
114-
26-1
Inse
ctic
ide
15.
5A
I OPP
9H
BSL
–Pr
osul
furo
n94
125-
34-5
Her
bici
de1
19C
F EC
OSA
R10
0H
BSL
–Py
met
rozi
ne12
3312
-89-
0In
sect
icid
e1
0.04
1A
NV
P EC
OSA
RN
AVN
AVO
PP R
egPy
racl
ostro
bin
1750
13-1
8-0
Fung
icid
e1
3.1
AF
OPP
Eco
tox
200
PHB
SL–
Pyre
thrin
s80
03-3
4-7
Inse
ctic
ide
10.
45C
I EC
OSA
RN
AVN
AV–
92 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
3–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
and
hum
an-h
ealth
ben
chm
arks
use
d in
the
eval
uatio
n of
pes
ticid
es fo
r wat
er.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Acu
te fi
sh a
nd
inve
rtebr
ate
toxi
city
val
ues w
ere
mul
tiplie
d by
a le
vel o
f con
cern
(LO
C) o
f 0.5
to b
e co
mpa
rabl
e in
val
ue to
Offi
ce o
f Pes
ticid
e Pr
ogra
ms a
quat
ic-li
fe b
ench
mar
ks. A
bbre
viat
ions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
OW
, chr
onic
OW
NRW
QC
; CA
S, C
hem
ical
Abs
tract
s Ser
vice
; CA
NA
LWQ
G, C
anad
ian
Wat
er Q
ualit
y G
uide
lines
for A
quat
ic
Life
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); C
CL3
, Thi
rd C
onta
min
ant C
andi
date
Lis
t (U
SEPA
, 200
9c);
CF,
chr
onic
fish
; CI,
chro
nic
inve
rtebr
ate;
CM
AC
, Max
imum
Allo
wab
le C
on-
cent
ratio
n (H
ealth
Can
ada,
200
8); E
CO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(USE
PA, 2
009a
); EC
OTO
X, t
oxic
ity v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 201
0a);
GLW
QA
, Gre
at L
akes
Wat
er Q
ualit
y A
gree
men
t aqu
atic
-life
wat
er-q
ualit
y ob
ject
ive
(USE
PA, 1
978)
; HB
SL, H
ealth
-Bas
ed S
cree
ning
Lev
el (T
occa
lino
and
othe
rs, 2
008)
; HPV
, hi
gh p
rodu
ctio
n-vo
lum
e ch
emic
al (U
SEPA
, 200
5); M
CL,
Max
imum
Con
tam
inan
t Lev
el (U
SEPA
, 200
9d);
NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(USE
PA, 2
009e
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 200
9f);
OPP
Reg
, rec
ent (
1997
–200
8) a
ctiv
e in
gred
ient
regi
stra
tion
with
USE
PA (U
SEPA
, 200
9b);
OPP
tox,
toxi
city
val
ue fr
om O
PP re
regi
stra
-tio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); O
W N
RWQ
C, O
ffice
of W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he p
rote
ctio
n of
aqu
atic
life
(USE
PA, 2
002)
; PH
BSL
, Pro
visi
onal
Hea
lth-B
ased
Sc
reen
ing
Leve
l; SF
IREG
, Sta
te F
IFR
A Is
sues
Res
earc
h an
d Ev
alua
tion
Gro
up li
st o
f pes
ticid
es o
f wat
er-q
ualit
y co
ncer
n (A
ssoc
iatio
n of
Am
eric
an P
estic
ide
Con
trol O
ffici
als,
2005
); U
CM
R, U
nreg
ulat
ed
Con
tam
inan
t Mon
itorin
g R
egul
atio
n (U
SEPA
, 200
6); U
SEPA
, U.S
. Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy;
USG
S, U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey
aqua
tic-li
fe b
ench
mar
k de
term
ined
usi
ng O
PP m
etho
ds a
nd to
xici
ty d
ata
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); µg
/L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; –,
non
e]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pe
stic
ide
ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sele
cted
aq
uatic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
/sou
rce
of
aqua
tic-l
ife
benc
hmar
k
Hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
Oth
er
agen
cy
prio
ritie
s
Pyrid
aben
9648
9-71
-3In
sect
icid
e1
0.26
5A
I EC
OTO
XN
AVN
AV–
RPA
202
248
1437
01-7
5-1
Deg
rada
te1
75AV
P O
PPN
AVN
AV–
RPA
203
328
1429
94-0
6-7
Deg
rada
te1
5,90
0A
NV
P O
PP to
xN
AVN
AV–
Sidu
ron
1982
-49-
6H
erbi
cide
16,
500
AF
ECO
TOX
1,00
0H
BSL
–Si
maz
ine
122-
34-9
Her
bici
de1
36A
NV
P O
PP4
MC
LM
CL,
SFI
REG
, C
AN
ALW
QG
, H
PVS-
Met
olac
hlor
8739
2-12
-9H
erbi
cide
18
AN
VP
OPP
tox
NAV
NAV
–Su
lfom
etur
on-m
ethy
l74
222-
97-2
Her
bici
de1
6,08
7,00
0A
I EC
OTO
X2,
000
HB
SL–
Sulfo
sulfu
ron
1417
76-3
2-1
Her
bici
de1
1AV
P O
PPN
AVN
AV–
TCPS
A (T
richl
orop
rope
ne
sulfo
nic
acid
)65
600-
62-6
Deg
rada
te1
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–
Tebu
cona
zole
10
7534
-96-
3Fu
ngic
ide
12,
000
AI E
CO
TOX
NAV
NAV
CC
L3Te
bupi
rimfo
s96
182-
53-5
Inse
ctic
ide
10.
039
AI E
CO
TOX
NAV
NAV
–Te
bupi
rimfo
s oxy
gen
anal
ogue
NAV
Deg
rada
te1
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–Te
buth
iuro
n34
014-
18-1
Her
bici
de1
50A
NV
P O
PP1,
000
HB
SLSF
IREG
, C
AN
ALW
QG
Teflu
thrin
7953
8-32
-2In
sect
icid
e1
0.03
AF
ECO
TOX
40H
BSL
–Te
fluth
rin m
etab
olite
[R 1
1936
4]N
AVD
egra
date
1N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Teflu
thrin
met
abol
ite [R
152
912]
NAV
Deg
rada
te1
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–Te
rbac
il59
02-5
1-2
Her
bici
de1
11A
NV
P O
PP90
HB
SLU
CM
R, S
FIR
EGTe
rbuf
os13
071-
79-9
Inse
ctic
ide
10.
03C
I OPP
0.4
HB
SLC
CL3
, UC
MR
Terb
ufos
sulfo
ne56
070-
16-7
Deg
rada
te1
0.66
AI E
CO
SAR
NAV
NAV
CC
L3, U
CM
RTe
rbuf
os-O
-ana
logu
e su
lfone
5607
0-15
-6D
egra
date
11,
160
CF
ECO
SAR
NAV
NAV
–
Appendix 3. 93Ta
ble
3–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
and
hum
an-h
ealth
ben
chm
arks
use
d in
the
eval
uatio
n of
pes
ticid
es fo
r wat
er.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Acu
te fi
sh a
nd
inve
rtebr
ate
toxi
city
val
ues w
ere
mul
tiplie
d by
a le
vel o
f con
cern
(LO
C) o
f 0.5
to b
e co
mpa
rabl
e in
val
ue to
Offi
ce o
f Pes
ticid
e Pr
ogra
ms a
quat
ic-li
fe b
ench
mar
ks. A
bbre
viat
ions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
OW
, chr
onic
OW
NRW
QC
; CA
S, C
hem
ical
Abs
tract
s Ser
vice
; CA
NA
LWQ
G, C
anad
ian
Wat
er Q
ualit
y G
uide
lines
for A
quat
ic
Life
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); C
CL3
, Thi
rd C
onta
min
ant C
andi
date
Lis
t (U
SEPA
, 200
9c);
CF,
chr
onic
fish
; CI,
chro
nic
inve
rtebr
ate;
CM
AC
, Max
imum
Allo
wab
le C
on-
cent
ratio
n (H
ealth
Can
ada,
200
8); E
CO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(USE
PA, 2
009a
); EC
OTO
X, t
oxic
ity v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 201
0a);
GLW
QA
, Gre
at L
akes
Wat
er Q
ualit
y A
gree
men
t aqu
atic
-life
wat
er-q
ualit
y ob
ject
ive
(USE
PA, 1
978)
; HB
SL, H
ealth
-Bas
ed S
cree
ning
Lev
el (T
occa
lino
and
othe
rs, 2
008)
; HPV
, hi
gh p
rodu
ctio
n-vo
lum
e ch
emic
al (U
SEPA
, 200
5); M
CL,
Max
imum
Con
tam
inan
t Lev
el (U
SEPA
, 200
9d);
NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(USE
PA, 2
009e
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 200
9f);
OPP
Reg
, rec
ent (
1997
–200
8) a
ctiv
e in
gred
ient
regi
stra
tion
with
USE
PA (U
SEPA
, 200
9b);
OPP
tox,
toxi
city
val
ue fr
om O
PP re
regi
stra
-tio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); O
W N
RWQ
C, O
ffice
of W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he p
rote
ctio
n of
aqu
atic
life
(USE
PA, 2
002)
; PH
BSL
, Pro
visi
onal
Hea
lth-B
ased
Sc
reen
ing
Leve
l; SF
IREG
, Sta
te F
IFR
A Is
sues
Res
earc
h an
d Ev
alua
tion
Gro
up li
st o
f pes
ticid
es o
f wat
er-q
ualit
y co
ncer
n (A
ssoc
iatio
n of
Am
eric
an P
estic
ide
Con
trol O
ffici
als,
2005
); U
CM
R, U
nreg
ulat
ed
Con
tam
inan
t Mon
itorin
g R
egul
atio
n (U
SEPA
, 200
6); U
SEPA
, U.S
. Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy;
USG
S, U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey
aqua
tic-li
fe b
ench
mar
k de
term
ined
usi
ng O
PP m
etho
ds a
nd to
xici
ty d
ata
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); µg
/L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; –,
non
e]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pe
stic
ide
ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sele
cted
aq
uatic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
/sou
rce
of
aqua
tic-l
ife
benc
hmar
k
Hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
Oth
er
agen
cy
prio
ritie
s
Terb
uthy
lazi
ne59
15-4
1-3
Her
bici
de1
1,70
0A
F U
SGS
2H
BSL
HPV
Tetra
cona
zole
1122
81-7
7-3
Fung
icid
e1
22C
F EC
OSA
RN
AVN
AVO
PP R
egTh
iobe
ncar
b28
249-
77-6
Her
bici
de1
1C
I OPP
70H
BSL
–tr
ans-
Met
hyl-3
-(2,
2-di
chlo
rovi
nyl)-
2,
2-di
met
hyl-(
1-cy
clop
ropa
ne)-
carb
oxyl
ate
t618
98-9
5-1
Deg
rada
te1
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–
tran
s-Pr
opic
onaz
ole
t602
07-9
0-1
Fung
icid
e1
93A
NV
P O
PP70
HB
SL–
Tria
llate
2303
-17-
5H
erbi
cide
113
CI O
PP20
HB
SLSF
IREG
, C
AN
ALW
QG
Trib
enur
on-m
ethy
l10
1200
-48-
0H
erbi
cide
111
1C
F EC
OSA
R6
HB
SL–
Trib
upho
s78
-48-
8D
efol
iant
11.
56C
I OPP
7H
BSL
CC
L3Tr
iclo
pyr
5533
5-06
-3H
erbi
cide
110
0A
NV
P O
PP40
0H
BSL
SFIR
EGTr
iflox
ystro
bin
1415
17-2
1-7
Fung
icid
e1
2.76
CI O
PP E
coto
x30
0PH
BSL
OPP
Reg
Trifl
ural
in15
82-0
9-8
Her
bici
de1
1.14
CF
OPP
20H
BSL
SFIR
EG,
CA
NA
LWQ
GZi
ram
137-
30-4
Fung
icid
e1
9.7
AF
OPP
NAV
NAV
CC
L31,
4-N
apth
aqui
none
130-
15-4
Deg
rada
te o
f na
prop
amid
e2
83.5
AF
ECO
SAR
NAV
NAV
–
2,4,
5-T
(2,4
,5-T
richl
orop
heno
xyac
etic
ac
id)
93-7
6-5
Her
bici
de2
75A
F EC
OTO
X70
HB
SLSF
IREG
, C
AN
ALW
QG
2,4,
5-TP
(2
-[2,
4,5-
Tric
hlor
ophe
noxy
] pr
opio
nic
acid
)
93-7
2-1
Her
bici
de2
170
AI E
CO
TOX
50M
CL
MC
L, S
FIR
EG,
CA
NA
LWQ
G
94 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
3–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
and
hum
an-h
ealth
ben
chm
arks
use
d in
the
eval
uatio
n of
pes
ticid
es fo
r wat
er.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Acu
te fi
sh a
nd
inve
rtebr
ate
toxi
city
val
ues w
ere
mul
tiplie
d by
a le
vel o
f con
cern
(LO
C) o
f 0.5
to b
e co
mpa
rabl
e in
val
ue to
Offi
ce o
f Pes
ticid
e Pr
ogra
ms a
quat
ic-li
fe b
ench
mar
ks. A
bbre
viat
ions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
OW
, chr
onic
OW
NRW
QC
; CA
S, C
hem
ical
Abs
tract
s Ser
vice
; CA
NA
LWQ
G, C
anad
ian
Wat
er Q
ualit
y G
uide
lines
for A
quat
ic
Life
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); C
CL3
, Thi
rd C
onta
min
ant C
andi
date
Lis
t (U
SEPA
, 200
9c);
CF,
chr
onic
fish
; CI,
chro
nic
inve
rtebr
ate;
CM
AC
, Max
imum
Allo
wab
le C
on-
cent
ratio
n (H
ealth
Can
ada,
200
8); E
CO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(USE
PA, 2
009a
); EC
OTO
X, t
oxic
ity v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 201
0a);
GLW
QA
, Gre
at L
akes
Wat
er Q
ualit
y A
gree
men
t aqu
atic
-life
wat
er-q
ualit
y ob
ject
ive
(USE
PA, 1
978)
; HB
SL, H
ealth
-Bas
ed S
cree
ning
Lev
el (T
occa
lino
and
othe
rs, 2
008)
; HPV
, hi
gh p
rodu
ctio
n-vo
lum
e ch
emic
al (U
SEPA
, 200
5); M
CL,
Max
imum
Con
tam
inan
t Lev
el (U
SEPA
, 200
9d);
NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(USE
PA, 2
009e
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 200
9f);
OPP
Reg
, rec
ent (
1997
–200
8) a
ctiv
e in
gred
ient
regi
stra
tion
with
USE
PA (U
SEPA
, 200
9b);
OPP
tox,
toxi
city
val
ue fr
om O
PP re
regi
stra
-tio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); O
W N
RWQ
C, O
ffice
of W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he p
rote
ctio
n of
aqu
atic
life
(USE
PA, 2
002)
; PH
BSL
, Pro
visi
onal
Hea
lth-B
ased
Sc
reen
ing
Leve
l; SF
IREG
, Sta
te F
IFR
A Is
sues
Res
earc
h an
d Ev
alua
tion
Gro
up li
st o
f pes
ticid
es o
f wat
er-q
ualit
y co
ncer
n (A
ssoc
iatio
n of
Am
eric
an P
estic
ide
Con
trol O
ffici
als,
2005
); U
CM
R, U
nreg
ulat
ed
Con
tam
inan
t Mon
itorin
g R
egul
atio
n (U
SEPA
, 200
6); U
SEPA
, U.S
. Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy;
USG
S, U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey
aqua
tic-li
fe b
ench
mar
k de
term
ined
usi
ng O
PP m
etho
ds a
nd to
xici
ty d
ata
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); µg
/L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; –,
non
e]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pe
stic
ide
ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sele
cted
aq
uatic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
/sou
rce
of
aqua
tic-l
ife
benc
hmar
k
Hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
Oth
er
agen
cy
prio
ritie
s
2,4-
DB
(4
-[2,
4-D
ichl
orop
heno
xy]
buty
ric a
cid)
94-8
2-6
Her
bici
de2
932
AN
VP
OPP
200
HB
SLSF
IREG
, C
AN
ALW
QG
3-(4
-chl
orop
heny
l)-1-
met
hyl u
rea
5352
-88-
5D
egra
date
of
mon
uron
, m
onol
inur
on
2N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AVO
PP R
eg
3-Ph
enox
yben
zyl a
lcoh
ol13
826-
35-2
Deg
rada
te o
f py
reth
roid
s2
587
AI E
CO
SAR
NAV
NAV
HPV
Ace
quin
ocyl
5796
0-19
-7In
sect
icid
e 2
0.71
CF
ECO
SAR
NAV
NAV
OPP
Reg
Ace
tam
iprid
1354
10-2
0-7
Inse
ctic
ide
210
4A
F EC
OSA
RN
AVN
AVO
PP R
egA
cibe
nzol
ar13
5158
-54-
2Fu
ngic
ide
25,
206
CF
ECO
SAR
NAV
NAV
OPP
Reg
Ald
rin30
9-00
-2In
sect
icid
e2
1.5
C O
W0.
002
HB
SLO
W N
RWQ
CA
min
opyr
alid
1501
14-7
1-9
Her
bici
de2
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
OPP
Reg
Ben
sulid
e74
1-58
-2H
erbi
cide
229
0A
I OPP
NAV
NAV
CC
L3B
osca
lid18
8425
-85-
6Fu
ngic
ide
211
6C
F O
PP E
coto
x20
0PH
BSL
OPP
Reg
Cap
tan
133-
06-2
Fung
icid
e2
13.1
AF
OPP
900
HB
SLC
CL3
, C
AN
ALW
QG
Car
fent
razo
ne12
8639
-02-
1H
erbi
cide
20.
077
AN
VP
ECO
SAR
NAV
NAV
OPP
Reg
Chl
orda
ne57
-74-
9In
sect
icid
e2
0.00
43C
OW
2M
CL
MC
L, G
LWQ
A,
OW
NRW
QC
cis-
Chl
orda
ne51
03-7
1-9
Inse
ctic
ide
2; re
late
d co
mpo
und
–C
OW
(c
hlor
dane
)–
–G
LWQ
A, O
W
NRW
QC
tran
s-C
hlor
dane
5103
-74-
2In
sect
icid
e2;
rela
ted
com
poun
d–
C O
W
(chl
orda
ne)
––
GLW
QA
, OW
N
RWQ
CC
leth
odim
9912
9-21
-2H
erbi
cide
29,
500
AF
ECO
TOX
NAV
NAV
CC
L3
Appendix 3. 95Ta
ble
3–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
and
hum
an-h
ealth
ben
chm
arks
use
d in
the
eval
uatio
n of
pes
ticid
es fo
r wat
er.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Acu
te fi
sh a
nd
inve
rtebr
ate
toxi
city
val
ues w
ere
mul
tiplie
d by
a le
vel o
f con
cern
(LO
C) o
f 0.5
to b
e co
mpa
rabl
e in
val
ue to
Offi
ce o
f Pes
ticid
e Pr
ogra
ms a
quat
ic-li
fe b
ench
mar
ks. A
bbre
viat
ions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
OW
, chr
onic
OW
NRW
QC
; CA
S, C
hem
ical
Abs
tract
s Ser
vice
; CA
NA
LWQ
G, C
anad
ian
Wat
er Q
ualit
y G
uide
lines
for A
quat
ic
Life
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); C
CL3
, Thi
rd C
onta
min
ant C
andi
date
Lis
t (U
SEPA
, 200
9c);
CF,
chr
onic
fish
; CI,
chro
nic
inve
rtebr
ate;
CM
AC
, Max
imum
Allo
wab
le C
on-
cent
ratio
n (H
ealth
Can
ada,
200
8); E
CO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(USE
PA, 2
009a
); EC
OTO
X, t
oxic
ity v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 201
0a);
GLW
QA
, Gre
at L
akes
Wat
er Q
ualit
y A
gree
men
t aqu
atic
-life
wat
er-q
ualit
y ob
ject
ive
(USE
PA, 1
978)
; HB
SL, H
ealth
-Bas
ed S
cree
ning
Lev
el (T
occa
lino
and
othe
rs, 2
008)
; HPV
, hi
gh p
rodu
ctio
n-vo
lum
e ch
emic
al (U
SEPA
, 200
5); M
CL,
Max
imum
Con
tam
inan
t Lev
el (U
SEPA
, 200
9d);
NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(USE
PA, 2
009e
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 200
9f);
OPP
Reg
, rec
ent (
1997
–200
8) a
ctiv
e in
gred
ient
regi
stra
tion
with
USE
PA (U
SEPA
, 200
9b);
OPP
tox,
toxi
city
val
ue fr
om O
PP re
regi
stra
-tio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); O
W N
RWQ
C, O
ffice
of W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he p
rote
ctio
n of
aqu
atic
life
(USE
PA, 2
002)
; PH
BSL
, Pro
visi
onal
Hea
lth-B
ased
Sc
reen
ing
Leve
l; SF
IREG
, Sta
te F
IFR
A Is
sues
Res
earc
h an
d Ev
alua
tion
Gro
up li
st o
f pes
ticid
es o
f wat
er-q
ualit
y co
ncer
n (A
ssoc
iatio
n of
Am
eric
an P
estic
ide
Con
trol O
ffici
als,
2005
); U
CM
R, U
nreg
ulat
ed
Con
tam
inan
t Mon
itorin
g R
egul
atio
n (U
SEPA
, 200
6); U
SEPA
, U.S
. Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy;
USG
S, U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey
aqua
tic-li
fe b
ench
mar
k de
term
ined
usi
ng O
PP m
etho
ds a
nd to
xici
ty d
ata
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); µg
/L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; –,
non
e]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pe
stic
ide
ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sele
cted
aq
uatic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
/sou
rce
of
aqua
tic-l
ife
benc
hmar
k
Hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
Oth
er
agen
cy
prio
ritie
s
Clo
dina
fop
1144
20-5
6-3
Her
bici
de2
1,45
5A
F EC
OSA
RN
AVN
AVO
PP R
egC
lopy
ralid
1702
-17-
6H
erbi
cide
256
,500
AI O
PPN
AVN
AVSF
IREG
Clo
rans
ulam
1595
18-9
7-5
Her
bici
de2
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
OPP
Reg
Clo
thia
nidi
n20
5510
-53-
8In
sect
icid
e2
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
OPP
Reg
Cop
per h
ydro
xide
2042
7-59
-2Fu
ngic
ide/
m
icro
bioc
ide/
ne
mat
icid
e
29
(c
oppe
r)C
OW
NAV
NAV
GLW
QA
, O
W N
RWQ
C
Cop
per o
ctan
oate
2054
3-04
-8Fu
ngic
ide
220
3C
F EC
OSA
RN
AVN
AVO
PP R
egC
oppe
r oxy
chlo
ride
1332
-65-
6Fu
ngic
ide
29
(c
oppe
r)C
OW
NAV
NAV
GLW
QA
, O
W N
RWQ
CC
oppe
r oxy
chlo
ride
sulfa
te80
12-6
9-9
Fung
icid
e2
9
(cop
per)
C O
WN
AVN
AVG
LWQ
A,
OW
NRW
QC
Cop
per s
ulfa
te77
58-9
8-7
Fung
icid
e/
alga
ecid
e/
mol
lusc
icid
e
29
(c
oppe
r)C
OW
NAV
NAV
GLW
QA
, O
W N
RWQ
C
Cup
rous
oxi
de13
17-3
9-1
Fung
icid
e/
inse
ctic
ide
29
(c
oppe
r)C
OW
NAV
NAV
GLW
QA
, O
W N
RWQ
CC
yazo
fam
id12
0116
-88-
3Fu
ngic
ide
2N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AVO
PP R
egC
ycla
nilid
e11
3136
-77-
9Pl
ant g
row
th
regu
lato
r2
2,50
0A
I EC
OTO
XN
AVN
AVO
PP R
eg
Cyh
alof
op12
2008
-78-
0H
erbi
cide
293
CF
ECO
SAR
NAV
NAV
OPP
Reg
Cym
oxan
il57
966-
95-7
Fung
icid
e2
14,0
00A
I EC
OTO
XN
AVN
AVO
PP R
egC
ypro
dini
l12
1552
-61-
2Fu
ngic
ide
216
AI E
CO
TOX
NAV
NAV
OPP
Reg
DC
NA
(Dic
hlor
an)
99-3
0-9
Fung
icid
e2
49C
F O
PP to
xN
AVN
AVH
PVD
ecan
-1-o
l11
2-30
-1Pl
ant g
row
th
regu
lato
r2
1,20
0A
F EC
OTO
XN
AVN
AVH
PV
96 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
3–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
and
hum
an-h
ealth
ben
chm
arks
use
d in
the
eval
uatio
n of
pes
ticid
es fo
r wat
er.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Acu
te fi
sh a
nd
inve
rtebr
ate
toxi
city
val
ues w
ere
mul
tiplie
d by
a le
vel o
f con
cern
(LO
C) o
f 0.5
to b
e co
mpa
rabl
e in
val
ue to
Offi
ce o
f Pes
ticid
e Pr
ogra
ms a
quat
ic-li
fe b
ench
mar
ks. A
bbre
viat
ions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
OW
, chr
onic
OW
NRW
QC
; CA
S, C
hem
ical
Abs
tract
s Ser
vice
; CA
NA
LWQ
G, C
anad
ian
Wat
er Q
ualit
y G
uide
lines
for A
quat
ic
Life
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); C
CL3
, Thi
rd C
onta
min
ant C
andi
date
Lis
t (U
SEPA
, 200
9c);
CF,
chr
onic
fish
; CI,
chro
nic
inve
rtebr
ate;
CM
AC
, Max
imum
Allo
wab
le C
on-
cent
ratio
n (H
ealth
Can
ada,
200
8); E
CO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(USE
PA, 2
009a
); EC
OTO
X, t
oxic
ity v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 201
0a);
GLW
QA
, Gre
at L
akes
Wat
er Q
ualit
y A
gree
men
t aqu
atic
-life
wat
er-q
ualit
y ob
ject
ive
(USE
PA, 1
978)
; HB
SL, H
ealth
-Bas
ed S
cree
ning
Lev
el (T
occa
lino
and
othe
rs, 2
008)
; HPV
, hi
gh p
rodu
ctio
n-vo
lum
e ch
emic
al (U
SEPA
, 200
5); M
CL,
Max
imum
Con
tam
inan
t Lev
el (U
SEPA
, 200
9d);
NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(USE
PA, 2
009e
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 200
9f);
OPP
Reg
, rec
ent (
1997
–200
8) a
ctiv
e in
gred
ient
regi
stra
tion
with
USE
PA (U
SEPA
, 200
9b);
OPP
tox,
toxi
city
val
ue fr
om O
PP re
regi
stra
-tio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); O
W N
RWQ
C, O
ffice
of W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he p
rote
ctio
n of
aqu
atic
life
(USE
PA, 2
002)
; PH
BSL
, Pro
visi
onal
Hea
lth-B
ased
Sc
reen
ing
Leve
l; SF
IREG
, Sta
te F
IFR
A Is
sues
Res
earc
h an
d Ev
alua
tion
Gro
up li
st o
f pes
ticid
es o
f wat
er-q
ualit
y co
ncer
n (A
ssoc
iatio
n of
Am
eric
an P
estic
ide
Con
trol O
ffici
als,
2005
); U
CM
R, U
nreg
ulat
ed
Con
tam
inan
t Mon
itorin
g R
egul
atio
n (U
SEPA
, 200
6); U
SEPA
, U.S
. Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy;
USG
S, U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey
aqua
tic-li
fe b
ench
mar
k de
term
ined
usi
ng O
PP m
etho
ds a
nd to
xici
ty d
ata
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); µg
/L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; –,
non
e]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pe
stic
ide
ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sele
cted
aq
uatic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
/sou
rce
of
aqua
tic-l
ife
benc
hmar
k
Hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
Oth
er
agen
cy
prio
ritie
s
Dic
hlor
prop
120-
36-5
Her
bici
de2
2,68
0AV
P O
PP to
x30
0H
BSL
CA
NA
LWQ
GD
iclo
fop
4084
3-25
-2H
erbi
cide
23,
191
CF
ECO
SAR
NAV
NAV
–D
iclo
sula
m14
5701
-21-
9H
erbi
cide
2N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AVO
PP R
egD
imet
hipi
n55
290-
64-7
Plan
t gro
wth
regu
lato
r/ de
folia
nt2
1,00
0C
I OPP
tox
NAV
NAV
CC
L3
Dim
etho
mor
ph11
0488
-70-
5Fu
ngic
ide
215
2C
F EC
OSA
RN
AVN
AVO
PP R
egE-
Dim
etho
mor
phe1
1048
8-70
-5Fu
ngic
ide
2; re
late
d co
mpo
und
––
––
–
Z-D
imet
hom
orph
z110
488-
70-5
Fung
icid
e2;
rela
ted
com
poun
d–
––
––
Din
oseb
88-8
5-7
Her
bici
de2
14A
F EC
OTO
X7
MC
LM
CL,
C
AN
ALW
QG
, H
PVD
inot
efur
an16
5252
-70-
0In
sect
icid
e2
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
OPP
Reg
Endr
in72
-20-
8In
sect
icid
e/av
icid
e2
0.08
6C
OW
2M
CL
MC
L,
OW
NRW
QC
Endr
in a
ldeh
yde
7421
-93-
4D
egra
date
of e
ndrin
2N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Endr
in k
eton
e53
494-
70-5
Deg
rada
te o
f end
rin2
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–Et
hyle
neth
iour
ea (E
TU)
96-4
5-7
Deg
rada
te o
f met
iram
22
CI O
PPN
AVN
AVC
CL3
Fenh
exam
id12
6833
-17-
8Fu
ngic
ide
2N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AVO
PP R
egFl
uazi
nam
7962
2-59
-6Fu
ngic
ide
218
AF
ECO
TOX
NAV
NAV
OPP
Reg
Fluc
arba
zone
1812
74-1
7-9
Her
bici
de2
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
OPP
Reg
Fluf
enac
et14
2459
-58-
3H
erbi
cide
22,
920
AF
ECO
TOX
NAV
NAV
OPP
Reg
Fluf
enac
et E
SAN
AVD
egra
date
of fl
ufen
acet
2N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Fluf
enac
et O
AN
AVD
egra
date
of fl
ufen
acet
2N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Appendix 3. 97Ta
ble
3–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
and
hum
an-h
ealth
ben
chm
arks
use
d in
the
eval
uatio
n of
pes
ticid
es fo
r wat
er.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Acu
te fi
sh a
nd
inve
rtebr
ate
toxi
city
val
ues w
ere
mul
tiplie
d by
a le
vel o
f con
cern
(LO
C) o
f 0.5
to b
e co
mpa
rabl
e in
val
ue to
Offi
ce o
f Pes
ticid
e Pr
ogra
ms a
quat
ic-li
fe b
ench
mar
ks. A
bbre
viat
ions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
OW
, chr
onic
OW
NRW
QC
; CA
S, C
hem
ical
Abs
tract
s Ser
vice
; CA
NA
LWQ
G, C
anad
ian
Wat
er Q
ualit
y G
uide
lines
for A
quat
ic
Life
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); C
CL3
, Thi
rd C
onta
min
ant C
andi
date
Lis
t (U
SEPA
, 200
9c);
CF,
chr
onic
fish
; CI,
chro
nic
inve
rtebr
ate;
CM
AC
, Max
imum
Allo
wab
le C
on-
cent
ratio
n (H
ealth
Can
ada,
200
8); E
CO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(USE
PA, 2
009a
); EC
OTO
X, t
oxic
ity v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 201
0a);
GLW
QA
, Gre
at L
akes
Wat
er Q
ualit
y A
gree
men
t aqu
atic
-life
wat
er-q
ualit
y ob
ject
ive
(USE
PA, 1
978)
; HB
SL, H
ealth
-Bas
ed S
cree
ning
Lev
el (T
occa
lino
and
othe
rs, 2
008)
; HPV
, hi
gh p
rodu
ctio
n-vo
lum
e ch
emic
al (U
SEPA
, 200
5); M
CL,
Max
imum
Con
tam
inan
t Lev
el (U
SEPA
, 200
9d);
NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(USE
PA, 2
009e
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 200
9f);
OPP
Reg
, rec
ent (
1997
–200
8) a
ctiv
e in
gred
ient
regi
stra
tion
with
USE
PA (U
SEPA
, 200
9b);
OPP
tox,
toxi
city
val
ue fr
om O
PP re
regi
stra
-tio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); O
W N
RWQ
C, O
ffice
of W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he p
rote
ctio
n of
aqu
atic
life
(USE
PA, 2
002)
; PH
BSL
, Pro
visi
onal
Hea
lth-B
ased
Sc
reen
ing
Leve
l; SF
IREG
, Sta
te F
IFR
A Is
sues
Res
earc
h an
d Ev
alua
tion
Gro
up li
st o
f pes
ticid
es o
f wat
er-q
ualit
y co
ncer
n (A
ssoc
iatio
n of
Am
eric
an P
estic
ide
Con
trol O
ffici
als,
2005
); U
CM
R, U
nreg
ulat
ed
Con
tam
inan
t Mon
itorin
g R
egul
atio
n (U
SEPA
, 200
6); U
SEPA
, U.S
. Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy;
USG
S, U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey
aqua
tic-li
fe b
ench
mar
k de
term
ined
usi
ng O
PP m
etho
ds a
nd to
xici
ty d
ata
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); µg
/L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; –,
non
e]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pe
stic
ide
ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sele
cted
aq
uatic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
/sou
rce
of
aqua
tic-l
ife
benc
hmar
k
Hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
Oth
er
agen
cy
prio
ritie
s
Flum
ioxa
zin
1033
61-0
9-7
Her
bici
de2
891
CF
ECO
SAR
NAV
NAV
OPP
Reg
Flur
oxyp
yr69
377-
81-7
Her
bici
de2
7,15
0A
F EC
OTO
XN
AVN
AVO
PP R
egFl
uthi
acet
-met
hyl
1173
37-1
9-6
Her
bici
de2
0.07
6A
NV
P EC
OSA
RN
AVN
AVO
PP R
egFo
ram
sulfu
ron
1731
59-5
7-4
Her
bici
de2
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
OPP
Reg
Hep
tach
lor
76-4
4-8
Inse
ctic
ide
20.
0038
C O
W0.
4M
CL
MC
L,
OW
NRW
QC
Hep
tach
lor e
poxi
de10
24-5
7-3
Deg
rada
te o
f hep
tach
lor
20.
0038
C O
W0.
2M
CL
MC
L,
OW
NRW
QC
Imaz
amet
habe
nz81
405-
85-8
Her
bici
de2
110,
000
AI E
CO
TOX
NAV
NAV
SFIR
EGIm
azap
yr81
334-
34-1
Her
bici
de2
18AV
P O
PP20
,000
HB
SLSF
IREG
MC
PB (4
-[4-
Chl
oro-
2-
met
hylp
heno
xy]b
utan
oic
acid
)94
-81-
5H
erbi
cide
221
0AV
P O
PP10
0H
BSL
SFIR
EG,
CA
NA
LWQ
GM
esos
ulfu
ron
2084
65-2
1-8
Her
bici
de2
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
OPP
Reg
Mes
otrio
ne10
4206
-82-
8H
erbi
cide
2N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AVSF
IREG
, OPP
R
egM
ethy
l iod
ide
74-8
8-4
Fum
igan
t/nem
atoc
ide
214
,453
CI E
CO
SAR
NAV
NAV
OPP
Reg
Met
sulfu
ron-
met
hyl
7422
3-64
-6H
erbi
cide
227
5,00
0A
F EC
OTO
X2,
000
HB
SLSF
IREG
Mire
x23
85-8
5-5
Inse
ctic
ide
20.
001
C O
W1
HB
SLO
W N
RWQ
CM
SMA
(Mon
osod
ium
m
ethy
lars
enat
e)21
63-8
0-6
Her
bici
de2
2,80
0A
NV
P O
PP to
xN
AVN
AVSF
IREG
Nap
ropa
mid
e15
299-
99-7
Her
bici
de2
1,10
0C
F O
PP80
0H
BSL
SFIR
EGO
rthos
ulfa
mur
on4
2134
64-7
7-8
Her
bici
de2
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
OPP
Reg
Oxy
dem
eton
-met
hyl
301-
12-2
Inse
ctic
ide
25
CF
OPP
NAV
NAV
CC
L3
98 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
3–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
and
hum
an-h
ealth
ben
chm
arks
use
d in
the
eval
uatio
n of
pes
ticid
es fo
r wat
er.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Acu
te fi
sh a
nd
inve
rtebr
ate
toxi
city
val
ues w
ere
mul
tiplie
d by
a le
vel o
f con
cern
(LO
C) o
f 0.5
to b
e co
mpa
rabl
e in
val
ue to
Offi
ce o
f Pes
ticid
e Pr
ogra
ms a
quat
ic-li
fe b
ench
mar
ks. A
bbre
viat
ions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
OW
, chr
onic
OW
NRW
QC
; CA
S, C
hem
ical
Abs
tract
s Ser
vice
; CA
NA
LWQ
G, C
anad
ian
Wat
er Q
ualit
y G
uide
lines
for A
quat
ic
Life
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); C
CL3
, Thi
rd C
onta
min
ant C
andi
date
Lis
t (U
SEPA
, 200
9c);
CF,
chr
onic
fish
; CI,
chro
nic
inve
rtebr
ate;
CM
AC
, Max
imum
Allo
wab
le C
on-
cent
ratio
n (H
ealth
Can
ada,
200
8); E
CO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(USE
PA, 2
009a
); EC
OTO
X, t
oxic
ity v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 201
0a);
GLW
QA
, Gre
at L
akes
Wat
er Q
ualit
y A
gree
men
t aqu
atic
-life
wat
er-q
ualit
y ob
ject
ive
(USE
PA, 1
978)
; HB
SL, H
ealth
-Bas
ed S
cree
ning
Lev
el (T
occa
lino
and
othe
rs, 2
008)
; HPV
, hi
gh p
rodu
ctio
n-vo
lum
e ch
emic
al (U
SEPA
, 200
5); M
CL,
Max
imum
Con
tam
inan
t Lev
el (U
SEPA
, 200
9d);
NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(USE
PA, 2
009e
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 200
9f);
OPP
Reg
, rec
ent (
1997
–200
8) a
ctiv
e in
gred
ient
regi
stra
tion
with
USE
PA (U
SEPA
, 200
9b);
OPP
tox,
toxi
city
val
ue fr
om O
PP re
regi
stra
-tio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); O
W N
RWQ
C, O
ffice
of W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he p
rote
ctio
n of
aqu
atic
life
(USE
PA, 2
002)
; PH
BSL
, Pro
visi
onal
Hea
lth-B
ased
Sc
reen
ing
Leve
l; SF
IREG
, Sta
te F
IFR
A Is
sues
Res
earc
h an
d Ev
alua
tion
Gro
up li
st o
f pes
ticid
es o
f wat
er-q
ualit
y co
ncer
n (A
ssoc
iatio
n of
Am
eric
an P
estic
ide
Con
trol O
ffici
als,
2005
); U
CM
R, U
nreg
ulat
ed
Con
tam
inan
t Mon
itorin
g R
egul
atio
n (U
SEPA
, 200
6); U
SEPA
, U.S
. Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy;
USG
S, U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey
aqua
tic-li
fe b
ench
mar
k de
term
ined
usi
ng O
PP m
etho
ds a
nd to
xici
ty d
ata
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); µg
/L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; –,
non
e]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pe
stic
ide
ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sele
cted
aq
uatic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
/sou
rce
of
aqua
tic-l
ife
benc
hmar
k
Hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
Oth
er
agen
cy
prio
ritie
s
p,pʹ
-DD
D
(p,p
ʹ-Dic
hlor
odip
heny
l-di
chlo
roet
hane
)
72-5
4-8
Deg
rada
te o
f D
DT
20.
001
C O
W0.
1H
BSL
OW
NRW
QC
p,pʹ
-DD
T (p
,pʹ-D
ichl
orod
iphe
nyl-
trich
loro
etha
ne)
50-2
9-3
Inse
ctic
ide/
ac
aric
ide
20.
001
C O
W0.
1H
BSL
OW
NRW
QC
Para
thio
n56
-38-
2In
sect
icid
e2
0.00
2C
I USG
S0.
02H
BSL
GLW
QA
, OW
N
RWQ
CPe
noxs
ulam
2197
14-9
6-2
Her
bici
de2
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
OPP
Reg
Picl
oram
1918
-02-
1H
erbi
cide
255
0C
F O
PP50
0M
CL
MC
L, S
FIR
EG,
CA
NA
LWQ
G,
HPV
Pino
xade
n24
3973
-20-
8H
erbi
cide
21,
200
AN
VP
OPP
NAV
NAV
OPP
Reg
Pirm
icar
b23
103-
98-2
Inse
ctic
ide
2N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AVO
PP R
egPo
tass
ium
ole
ate
143-
18-0
Adj
uvan
t2
1.8E
+20
AN
VP
ECO
SAR
NAV
NAV
HPV
Proh
exad
ione
8880
5-35
-0Fu
ngic
ide
254
1,13
5C
I EC
OSA
RN
AVN
AVO
PP R
egPr
opox
ycar
bazo
ne14
5026
-81-
9H
erbi
cide
2N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AVO
PP R
egPr
othi
ocon
azol
e17
8928
-70-
6Fu
ngic
ide
2N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AVO
PP R
egSp
inos
ad13
1929
-60-
7In
sect
icid
e2
2,97
0A
F EC
OTO
XN
AVN
AVO
PP R
egSp
irodi
clof
en14
8477
-71-
8In
sect
icid
e2
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
OPP
Reg
Sulfc
arba
mid
e62
-56-
6R
oden
ticid
e2
6,51
0A
NV
P EC
OSA
RN
AVN
AVH
PVSu
lfent
razo
ne 4
1228
36-3
5-5
Her
bici
de2
30,2
00A
I EC
OTO
XN
AVN
AVO
PP R
egTe
bufe
nozi
de 4
1124
10-2
3-8
Inse
ctic
ide
21,
500
AF
ECO
TOX
NAV
NAV
CC
L3Th
iacl
oprid
1119
88-4
9-9
Inse
ctic
ide
2N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AVO
PP R
eg
Appendix 3. 99Ta
ble
3–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
and
hum
an-h
ealth
ben
chm
arks
use
d in
the
eval
uatio
n of
pes
ticid
es fo
r wat
er.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Acu
te fi
sh a
nd
inve
rtebr
ate
toxi
city
val
ues w
ere
mul
tiplie
d by
a le
vel o
f con
cern
(LO
C) o
f 0.5
to b
e co
mpa
rabl
e in
val
ue to
Offi
ce o
f Pes
ticid
e Pr
ogra
ms a
quat
ic-li
fe b
ench
mar
ks. A
bbre
viat
ions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
OW
, chr
onic
OW
NRW
QC
; CA
S, C
hem
ical
Abs
tract
s Ser
vice
; CA
NA
LWQ
G, C
anad
ian
Wat
er Q
ualit
y G
uide
lines
for A
quat
ic
Life
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); C
CL3
, Thi
rd C
onta
min
ant C
andi
date
Lis
t (U
SEPA
, 200
9c);
CF,
chr
onic
fish
; CI,
chro
nic
inve
rtebr
ate;
CM
AC
, Max
imum
Allo
wab
le C
on-
cent
ratio
n (H
ealth
Can
ada,
200
8); E
CO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(USE
PA, 2
009a
); EC
OTO
X, t
oxic
ity v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 201
0a);
GLW
QA
, Gre
at L
akes
Wat
er Q
ualit
y A
gree
men
t aqu
atic
-life
wat
er-q
ualit
y ob
ject
ive
(USE
PA, 1
978)
; HB
SL, H
ealth
-Bas
ed S
cree
ning
Lev
el (T
occa
lino
and
othe
rs, 2
008)
; HPV
, hi
gh p
rodu
ctio
n-vo
lum
e ch
emic
al (U
SEPA
, 200
5); M
CL,
Max
imum
Con
tam
inan
t Lev
el (U
SEPA
, 200
9d);
NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(USE
PA, 2
009e
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 200
9f);
OPP
Reg
, rec
ent (
1997
–200
8) a
ctiv
e in
gred
ient
regi
stra
tion
with
USE
PA (U
SEPA
, 200
9b);
OPP
tox,
toxi
city
val
ue fr
om O
PP re
regi
stra
-tio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); O
W N
RWQ
C, O
ffice
of W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he p
rote
ctio
n of
aqu
atic
life
(USE
PA, 2
002)
; PH
BSL
, Pro
visi
onal
Hea
lth-B
ased
Sc
reen
ing
Leve
l; SF
IREG
, Sta
te F
IFR
A Is
sues
Res
earc
h an
d Ev
alua
tion
Gro
up li
st o
f pes
ticid
es o
f wat
er-q
ualit
y co
ncer
n (A
ssoc
iatio
n of
Am
eric
an P
estic
ide
Con
trol O
ffici
als,
2005
); U
CM
R, U
nreg
ulat
ed
Con
tam
inan
t Mon
itorin
g R
egul
atio
n (U
SEPA
, 200
6); U
SEPA
, U.S
. Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy;
USG
S, U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey
aqua
tic-li
fe b
ench
mar
k de
term
ined
usi
ng O
PP m
etho
ds a
nd to
xici
ty d
ata
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); µg
/L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; –,
non
e]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pe
stic
ide
ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sele
cted
aq
uatic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
/sou
rce
of
aqua
tic-l
ife
benc
hmar
k
Hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
Oth
er
agen
cy
prio
ritie
s
Thia
met
hoxa
m15
3719
-23-
4Fu
ngic
ide/
inse
ctic
ide
2N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AVSF
IREG
Thia
zopy
r11
7718
-60-
2H
erbi
cide
214
CF
ECO
SAR
NAV
NAV
OPP
Reg
Thio
dica
rb59
669-
26-0
Inse
ctic
ide
29
CI O
PP to
xN
AVN
AVC
CL3
Thio
phan
ate
met
hyl
2356
4-05
-8Fu
ngic
ide
22
CF
OPP
tox
NAV
NAV
CC
L3Th
iram
137-
26-8
Fung
icid
e2
21A
F O
PPN
AVN
AVH
PVTo
pram
ezon
e21
0631
-68-
8H
erbi
cide
2N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AVO
PP R
egTo
xaph
ene
8001
-35-
2In
sect
icid
e/ac
aric
ide
20.
0002
C O
W2
MC
LM
CL,
GLW
QA
, O
W N
RWQ
CTr
alko
xydi
m87
820-
88-0
Her
bici
de2
2,10
0C
I OPP
NAV
NAV
SFIR
EG, O
PP
Reg
Vin
cloz
olin
5047
1-44
-8Fu
ngic
ide
22,
000
AI O
PP to
x20
PHB
SLC
CL3
Zinc
7440
-66-
6H
erbi
cide
212
0C
OW
2,00
0H
BSL
CA
NA
LWQ
G,
GLW
QA
, OW
N
RWQ
CZo
xam
ide
1560
52-6
8-5
Fung
icid
e2
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
OPP
Reg
2,5-
Dic
hlor
oani
line
95-8
2-9
Deg
rada
te o
f ch
lora
mbe
n (m
ethy
l est
er)
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
3-D
CM
T (3
-dic
hlor
omet
hyl-
5-et
hoxy
-1,2
,4-th
iadi
azol
e)N
AVD
egra
date
of
etrid
iazo
le3
385
AF
OPP
tox
NAV
NAV
–
Aba
mec
tin71
751-
41-2
Inse
ctic
ide
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Aci
fluor
fen
5059
4-66
-6H
erbi
cide
326
5AV
P O
PP90
HB
SL–
AE
C42
1200
NAV
Deg
rada
te o
f th
idia
zuro
n3
70,0
00A
NV
P O
PP to
xN
AVN
AV–
100 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
3–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
and
hum
an-h
ealth
ben
chm
arks
use
d in
the
eval
uatio
n of
pes
ticid
es fo
r wat
er.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Acu
te fi
sh a
nd
inve
rtebr
ate
toxi
city
val
ues w
ere
mul
tiplie
d by
a le
vel o
f con
cern
(LO
C) o
f 0.5
to b
e co
mpa
rabl
e in
val
ue to
Offi
ce o
f Pes
ticid
e Pr
ogra
ms a
quat
ic-li
fe b
ench
mar
ks. A
bbre
viat
ions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
OW
, chr
onic
OW
NRW
QC
; CA
S, C
hem
ical
Abs
tract
s Ser
vice
; CA
NA
LWQ
G, C
anad
ian
Wat
er Q
ualit
y G
uide
lines
for A
quat
ic
Life
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); C
CL3
, Thi
rd C
onta
min
ant C
andi
date
Lis
t (U
SEPA
, 200
9c);
CF,
chr
onic
fish
; CI,
chro
nic
inve
rtebr
ate;
CM
AC
, Max
imum
Allo
wab
le C
on-
cent
ratio
n (H
ealth
Can
ada,
200
8); E
CO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(USE
PA, 2
009a
); EC
OTO
X, t
oxic
ity v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 201
0a);
GLW
QA
, Gre
at L
akes
Wat
er Q
ualit
y A
gree
men
t aqu
atic
-life
wat
er-q
ualit
y ob
ject
ive
(USE
PA, 1
978)
; HB
SL, H
ealth
-Bas
ed S
cree
ning
Lev
el (T
occa
lino
and
othe
rs, 2
008)
; HPV
, hi
gh p
rodu
ctio
n-vo
lum
e ch
emic
al (U
SEPA
, 200
5); M
CL,
Max
imum
Con
tam
inan
t Lev
el (U
SEPA
, 200
9d);
NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(USE
PA, 2
009e
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 200
9f);
OPP
Reg
, rec
ent (
1997
–200
8) a
ctiv
e in
gred
ient
regi
stra
tion
with
USE
PA (U
SEPA
, 200
9b);
OPP
tox,
toxi
city
val
ue fr
om O
PP re
regi
stra
-tio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); O
W N
RWQ
C, O
ffice
of W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he p
rote
ctio
n of
aqu
atic
life
(USE
PA, 2
002)
; PH
BSL
, Pro
visi
onal
Hea
lth-B
ased
Sc
reen
ing
Leve
l; SF
IREG
, Sta
te F
IFR
A Is
sues
Res
earc
h an
d Ev
alua
tion
Gro
up li
st o
f pes
ticid
es o
f wat
er-q
ualit
y co
ncer
n (A
ssoc
iatio
n of
Am
eric
an P
estic
ide
Con
trol O
ffici
als,
2005
); U
CM
R, U
nreg
ulat
ed
Con
tam
inan
t Mon
itorin
g R
egul
atio
n (U
SEPA
, 200
6); U
SEPA
, U.S
. Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy;
USG
S, U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey
aqua
tic-li
fe b
ench
mar
k de
term
ined
usi
ng O
PP m
etho
ds a
nd to
xici
ty d
ata
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); µg
/L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; –,
non
e]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pe
stic
ide
ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sele
cted
aq
uatic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
/sou
rce
of
aqua
tic-l
ife
benc
hmar
k
Hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
Oth
er
agen
cy
prio
ritie
s
AE
F132
345
NAV
Deg
rada
te o
f th
idia
zuro
n3
980
AN
VP
OPP
tox
NAV
NAV
–
AE
F132
347
NAV
Deg
rada
te o
f th
idia
zuro
n3
980
AN
VP
OPP
tox
NAV
NAV
–
Alu
min
um p
hosp
hide
2085
9-73
-8Fu
mig
ant/
fung
icid
e3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–
Am
itraz
3308
9-61
-1In
sect
icid
e3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–A
mitr
ole
61-8
2-5
Her
bici
de3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–A
mm
oniu
m su
lfam
ate
7773
-06-
0H
erbi
cide
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Am
oxic
ilin
6133
6-70
-7A
ntib
iotic
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Am
pelo
myc
es q
uisq
ualis
NAV
Mic
robi
al
fung
icid
e3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–
Ani
lazi
ne10
1-05
-3Fu
ngic
ide
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Ars
enic
aci
d77
78-3
9-4
Her
bici
de/in
sect
icid
e/
rode
ntic
ide
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
AVG
(Am
ino
etho
xy v
inyl
gly
cine
hy
droc
hlor
ide)
4966
9-74
-1Pl
ant g
row
th re
gula
tor
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Avig
lyci
ne55
720-
26-8
Plan
t gro
wth
regu
lato
r3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–A
zadi
rach
tin11
141-
17-6
Inse
ctic
ide
32,
000
AF
ECO
TOX
NAV
NAV
–A
zinp
hos-
ethy
l26
42-7
1-9
Inse
ctic
ide
30.
55A
F EC
OTO
XN
AVN
AV–
Bac
illus
cer
eus
NAV
Mic
robi
al in
sect
icid
e/
Plan
t gro
wth
regu
lato
r (d
epen
ds o
n st
rain
)
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Bac
illus
pum
ilis
NAV
Mic
robi
al o
ther
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Bac
illus
subt
ilis
NAV
Mic
robi
al F
ungi
cide
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Appendix 3. 101Ta
ble
3–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
and
hum
an-h
ealth
ben
chm
arks
use
d in
the
eval
uatio
n of
pes
ticid
es fo
r wat
er.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Acu
te fi
sh a
nd
inve
rtebr
ate
toxi
city
val
ues w
ere
mul
tiplie
d by
a le
vel o
f con
cern
(LO
C) o
f 0.5
to b
e co
mpa
rabl
e in
val
ue to
Offi
ce o
f Pes
ticid
e Pr
ogra
ms a
quat
ic-li
fe b
ench
mar
ks. A
bbre
viat
ions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
OW
, chr
onic
OW
NRW
QC
; CA
S, C
hem
ical
Abs
tract
s Ser
vice
; CA
NA
LWQ
G, C
anad
ian
Wat
er Q
ualit
y G
uide
lines
for A
quat
ic
Life
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); C
CL3
, Thi
rd C
onta
min
ant C
andi
date
Lis
t (U
SEPA
, 200
9c);
CF,
chr
onic
fish
; CI,
chro
nic
inve
rtebr
ate;
CM
AC
, Max
imum
Allo
wab
le C
on-
cent
ratio
n (H
ealth
Can
ada,
200
8); E
CO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(USE
PA, 2
009a
); EC
OTO
X, t
oxic
ity v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 201
0a);
GLW
QA
, Gre
at L
akes
Wat
er Q
ualit
y A
gree
men
t aqu
atic
-life
wat
er-q
ualit
y ob
ject
ive
(USE
PA, 1
978)
; HB
SL, H
ealth
-Bas
ed S
cree
ning
Lev
el (T
occa
lino
and
othe
rs, 2
008)
; HPV
, hi
gh p
rodu
ctio
n-vo
lum
e ch
emic
al (U
SEPA
, 200
5); M
CL,
Max
imum
Con
tam
inan
t Lev
el (U
SEPA
, 200
9d);
NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(USE
PA, 2
009e
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 200
9f);
OPP
Reg
, rec
ent (
1997
–200
8) a
ctiv
e in
gred
ient
regi
stra
tion
with
USE
PA (U
SEPA
, 200
9b);
OPP
tox,
toxi
city
val
ue fr
om O
PP re
regi
stra
-tio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); O
W N
RWQ
C, O
ffice
of W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he p
rote
ctio
n of
aqu
atic
life
(USE
PA, 2
002)
; PH
BSL
, Pro
visi
onal
Hea
lth-B
ased
Sc
reen
ing
Leve
l; SF
IREG
, Sta
te F
IFR
A Is
sues
Res
earc
h an
d Ev
alua
tion
Gro
up li
st o
f pes
ticid
es o
f wat
er-q
ualit
y co
ncer
n (A
ssoc
iatio
n of
Am
eric
an P
estic
ide
Con
trol O
ffici
als,
2005
); U
CM
R, U
nreg
ulat
ed
Con
tam
inan
t Mon
itorin
g R
egul
atio
n (U
SEPA
, 200
6); U
SEPA
, U.S
. Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy;
USG
S, U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey
aqua
tic-li
fe b
ench
mar
k de
term
ined
usi
ng O
PP m
etho
ds a
nd to
xici
ty d
ata
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); µg
/L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; –,
non
e]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pe
stic
ide
ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sele
cted
aq
uatic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
/sou
rce
of
aqua
tic-l
ife
benc
hmar
k
Hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
Oth
er
agen
cy
prio
ritie
s
Bac
illus
thur
ingi
ensi
s68
038-
71-1
Mic
robi
al in
sect
icid
e3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–B
arba
n10
1-27
-9H
erbi
cide
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Bar
ium
pol
ysul
fide
5086
4-67
-0In
sect
icid
e/fu
ngic
ide
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Ben
dioc
arb
2278
1-23
-3In
sect
icid
e3
NAV
NAV
9H
BSL
–B
ensu
lfuro
n-m
ethy
l83
055-
99-6
Her
bici
de3
46A
NV
P EC
OSA
R1,
000
HB
SL–
Ben
zoic
aci
d65
-85-
0D
egra
date
390
,000
AF
ECO
TOX
NAV
NAV
HPV
Ben
zyla
deni
ne12
14-3
9-7
Plan
t gro
wth
regu
lato
r3
10,2
50A
I EC
OTO
XN
AVN
AV–
Bife
nox
4257
6-02
-3H
erbi
cide
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Bis
pyrib
ac12
5401
-75-
4H
erbi
cide
379
3,88
9C
I EC
OSA
RN
AVN
AV–
Bor
deau
x m
ixtu
reN
AVFu
ngic
ide
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
BTS
272
7133
089-
74-6
Deg
rada
te o
f am
itraz
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
BTS
279
1960
397-
77-5
Deg
rada
te o
f am
itraz
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Bup
rofe
zin
6932
7-76
-0In
sect
icid
e3
4C
F EC
OSA
RN
AVN
AV–
Bur
khol
deria
cep
acia
NAV
Fung
icid
e3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–B
utac
hlor
2318
4-66
-9H
erbi
cide
350
AF
ECO
TOX
NAV
NAV
–B
uten
oic
acid
3724
-65-
0Ph
erom
one
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AVH
PVB
utyl
ate
420
08-4
1-5
Her
bici
de3
105
AF
OPP
400
HB
SL–
Cac
odyl
ic a
cid
75-6
0-5
Her
bici
de/d
efol
iant
317
,100
AN
VP
OPP
tox
NAV
NAV
–
Caf
fein
e58
-08-
2St
imul
ant
3; n
ot
eval
uate
d as
a
pest
icid
e
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–
102 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
3–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
and
hum
an-h
ealth
ben
chm
arks
use
d in
the
eval
uatio
n of
pes
ticid
es fo
r wat
er.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Acu
te fi
sh a
nd
inve
rtebr
ate
toxi
city
val
ues w
ere
mul
tiplie
d by
a le
vel o
f con
cern
(LO
C) o
f 0.5
to b
e co
mpa
rabl
e in
val
ue to
Offi
ce o
f Pes
ticid
e Pr
ogra
ms a
quat
ic-li
fe b
ench
mar
ks. A
bbre
viat
ions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
OW
, chr
onic
OW
NRW
QC
; CA
S, C
hem
ical
Abs
tract
s Ser
vice
; CA
NA
LWQ
G, C
anad
ian
Wat
er Q
ualit
y G
uide
lines
for A
quat
ic
Life
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); C
CL3
, Thi
rd C
onta
min
ant C
andi
date
Lis
t (U
SEPA
, 200
9c);
CF,
chr
onic
fish
; CI,
chro
nic
inve
rtebr
ate;
CM
AC
, Max
imum
Allo
wab
le C
on-
cent
ratio
n (H
ealth
Can
ada,
200
8); E
CO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(USE
PA, 2
009a
); EC
OTO
X, t
oxic
ity v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 201
0a);
GLW
QA
, Gre
at L
akes
Wat
er Q
ualit
y A
gree
men
t aqu
atic
-life
wat
er-q
ualit
y ob
ject
ive
(USE
PA, 1
978)
; HB
SL, H
ealth
-Bas
ed S
cree
ning
Lev
el (T
occa
lino
and
othe
rs, 2
008)
; HPV
, hi
gh p
rodu
ctio
n-vo
lum
e ch
emic
al (U
SEPA
, 200
5); M
CL,
Max
imum
Con
tam
inan
t Lev
el (U
SEPA
, 200
9d);
NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(USE
PA, 2
009e
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 200
9f);
OPP
Reg
, rec
ent (
1997
–200
8) a
ctiv
e in
gred
ient
regi
stra
tion
with
USE
PA (U
SEPA
, 200
9b);
OPP
tox,
toxi
city
val
ue fr
om O
PP re
regi
stra
-tio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); O
W N
RWQ
C, O
ffice
of W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he p
rote
ctio
n of
aqu
atic
life
(USE
PA, 2
002)
; PH
BSL
, Pro
visi
onal
Hea
lth-B
ased
Sc
reen
ing
Leve
l; SF
IREG
, Sta
te F
IFR
A Is
sues
Res
earc
h an
d Ev
alua
tion
Gro
up li
st o
f pes
ticid
es o
f wat
er-q
ualit
y co
ncer
n (A
ssoc
iatio
n of
Am
eric
an P
estic
ide
Con
trol O
ffici
als,
2005
); U
CM
R, U
nreg
ulat
ed
Con
tam
inan
t Mon
itorin
g R
egul
atio
n (U
SEPA
, 200
6); U
SEPA
, U.S
. Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy;
USG
S, U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey
aqua
tic-li
fe b
ench
mar
k de
term
ined
usi
ng O
PP m
etho
ds a
nd to
xici
ty d
ata
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); µg
/L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; –,
non
e]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pe
stic
ide
ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sele
cted
aq
uatic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
/sou
rce
of
aqua
tic-l
ife
benc
hmar
k
Hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
Oth
er
agen
cy
prio
ritie
s
Cal
cium
chl
orid
e10
043-
52-4
Fung
icid
e/he
rbic
ide/
in
sect
icid
e/m
icro
bioc
ide/
m
ollu
scic
ide
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Cal
cium
pol
ysul
fide
1344
-81-
6In
sect
icid
e/fu
ngic
ide
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Cap
tafo
l29
39-8
0-2
Fung
icid
e3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–C
arbo
xin
5234
-68-
4Fu
ngic
ide
337
0A
NV
P O
PP60
HB
SL–
Chl
oram
ben
met
hyl e
ster
7286
-84-
2H
erbi
cide
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Chl
ordi
mef
orm
6164
-98-
3In
sect
icid
e3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–C
hlor
etho
xyfo
s54
593-
83-8
Inse
ctic
ide
31.
15A
F EC
OTO
XN
AVN
AV–
Chl
orfe
napy
r12
2453
-73-
0In
sect
icid
e3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–C
hlor
fevi
nfos
470-
90-6
Inse
ctic
ide/
acar
icid
e3
0.03
5A
I EC
OTO
XN
AVN
AV–
Chl
orm
equa
t70
03-8
9-6
Plan
t gro
wth
regu
lato
r3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–C
hlor
oben
zila
te51
0-15
-6In
sect
icid
e3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–C
hlor
oneb
2675
-77-
6Fu
ngic
ide
387
1C
I EC
OSA
RN
AVN
AV–
Chl
orox
uron
1982
-47-
4H
erbi
cide
313
5A
F EC
OTO
XN
AVN
AV–
Chl
orpr
opha
m10
1-21
-3H
erbi
cide
/pla
nt g
row
th
regu
lato
r3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–
Chl
orpy
ripho
s-m
ethy
l55
98-1
3-0
Inse
ctic
ide
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Cin
nam
alde
hyde
104-
55-2
Dog
and
cat
repe
llent
/ fu
ngic
ide/
inse
ctic
ide
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Clo
fent
ezin
e74
115-
24-5
Inse
ctic
ide
34,
548
CI E
CO
SAR
NAV
NAV
–C
lom
azon
e81
777-
89-1
Her
bici
de3
2,60
0A
I EC
OTO
XN
AVN
AV–
Col
lect
otric
hum
spor
esN
AVM
ycoh
erbi
cide
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Con
ioth
yriu
m m
inita
nsN
AVM
icro
bial
fung
icid
e3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–
Appendix 3. 103Ta
ble
3–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
and
hum
an-h
ealth
ben
chm
arks
use
d in
the
eval
uatio
n of
pes
ticid
es fo
r wat
er.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Acu
te fi
sh a
nd
inve
rtebr
ate
toxi
city
val
ues w
ere
mul
tiplie
d by
a le
vel o
f con
cern
(LO
C) o
f 0.5
to b
e co
mpa
rabl
e in
val
ue to
Offi
ce o
f Pes
ticid
e Pr
ogra
ms a
quat
ic-li
fe b
ench
mar
ks. A
bbre
viat
ions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
OW
, chr
onic
OW
NRW
QC
; CA
S, C
hem
ical
Abs
tract
s Ser
vice
; CA
NA
LWQ
G, C
anad
ian
Wat
er Q
ualit
y G
uide
lines
for A
quat
ic
Life
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); C
CL3
, Thi
rd C
onta
min
ant C
andi
date
Lis
t (U
SEPA
, 200
9c);
CF,
chr
onic
fish
; CI,
chro
nic
inve
rtebr
ate;
CM
AC
, Max
imum
Allo
wab
le C
on-
cent
ratio
n (H
ealth
Can
ada,
200
8); E
CO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(USE
PA, 2
009a
); EC
OTO
X, t
oxic
ity v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 201
0a);
GLW
QA
, Gre
at L
akes
Wat
er Q
ualit
y A
gree
men
t aqu
atic
-life
wat
er-q
ualit
y ob
ject
ive
(USE
PA, 1
978)
; HB
SL, H
ealth
-Bas
ed S
cree
ning
Lev
el (T
occa
lino
and
othe
rs, 2
008)
; HPV
, hi
gh p
rodu
ctio
n-vo
lum
e ch
emic
al (U
SEPA
, 200
5); M
CL,
Max
imum
Con
tam
inan
t Lev
el (U
SEPA
, 200
9d);
NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(USE
PA, 2
009e
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 200
9f);
OPP
Reg
, rec
ent (
1997
–200
8) a
ctiv
e in
gred
ient
regi
stra
tion
with
USE
PA (U
SEPA
, 200
9b);
OPP
tox,
toxi
city
val
ue fr
om O
PP re
regi
stra
-tio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); O
W N
RWQ
C, O
ffice
of W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he p
rote
ctio
n of
aqu
atic
life
(USE
PA, 2
002)
; PH
BSL
, Pro
visi
onal
Hea
lth-B
ased
Sc
reen
ing
Leve
l; SF
IREG
, Sta
te F
IFR
A Is
sues
Res
earc
h an
d Ev
alua
tion
Gro
up li
st o
f pes
ticid
es o
f wat
er-q
ualit
y co
ncer
n (A
ssoc
iatio
n of
Am
eric
an P
estic
ide
Con
trol O
ffici
als,
2005
); U
CM
R, U
nreg
ulat
ed
Con
tam
inan
t Mon
itorin
g R
egul
atio
n (U
SEPA
, 200
6); U
SEPA
, U.S
. Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy;
USG
S, U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey
aqua
tic-li
fe b
ench
mar
k de
term
ined
usi
ng O
PP m
etho
ds a
nd to
xici
ty d
ata
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); µg
/L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; –,
non
e]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pe
stic
ide
ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sele
cted
aq
uatic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
/sou
rce
of
aqua
tic-l
ife
benc
hmar
k
Hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
Oth
er
agen
cy
prio
ritie
s
Cop
per s
ulfa
te tr
ibas
icN
AVH
erbi
cide
/alg
aeci
de/
fung
icid
e/w
ater
trea
tmen
t3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–
Cou
maf
os56
-72-
4In
sect
icid
e/ac
aric
ide
30.
0337
CF
OPP
tox
NAV
NAV
–C
PPU
(F
orch
lorf
enur
on)
6815
7-60
-8Pl
ant g
row
th re
gula
tor
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Cry
olite
1509
6-52
-3In
sect
icid
e3
5,00
0A
I OPP
tox
NAV
NAV
–C
yana
mid
e42
0-04
-2Pl
ant g
row
th re
gula
tor/
herb
icid
e3
267,
161
CI E
CO
SAR
NAV
NAV
–
Cyc
loat
e11
34-2
3-2
Her
bici
de3
1,30
0A
I OPP
40H
BSL
–C
ydia
pom
onel
laN
AVIn
sect
gro
wth
regu
lato
r3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–C
yrom
azin
e66
215-
27-8
Inse
ctic
ide
312
5,00
0A
I EC
OTO
XN
AVN
AV–
Cyt
okin
ins
525-
79-1
Plan
t gro
wth
regu
lato
r3
864.
5A
I EC
OSA
RN
AVN
AV–
Dal
apon
75-9
9-0
Her
bici
de3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–D
amin
ozid
e15
96-8
4-5
Plan
t gro
wth
regu
lato
r3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–D
azom
et53
3-74
-4Fu
mig
ant/f
ungi
cide
/ ne
mat
icid
e3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–
Dem
eton
8065
-48-
3In
sect
icid
e/ne
mat
icid
e3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–D
esm
edip
ham
1368
4-56
-5H
erbi
cide
322
0A
NV
P O
PP to
xN
AVN
AV–
Di-a
llate
2303
-16-
4H
erbi
cide
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Dic
hlon
e11
7-80
-6Fu
ngic
ide
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Die
noch
lor
2227
-17-
0In
sect
icid
e3
25A
F EC
OTO
XN
AVN
AV–
Die
that
yl38
727-
55-8
Her
bici
de3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–D
ifenz
oqua
t49
866-
87-7
Her
bici
de3
1,31
5A
I OPP
tox
NAV
NAV
–D
inoc
ap39
300-
45-3
Fung
icid
e/in
sect
icid
e3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–
104 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
3–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
and
hum
an-h
ealth
ben
chm
arks
use
d in
the
eval
uatio
n of
pes
ticid
es fo
r wat
er.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Acu
te fi
sh a
nd
inve
rtebr
ate
toxi
city
val
ues w
ere
mul
tiplie
d by
a le
vel o
f con
cern
(LO
C) o
f 0.5
to b
e co
mpa
rabl
e in
val
ue to
Offi
ce o
f Pes
ticid
e Pr
ogra
ms a
quat
ic-li
fe b
ench
mar
ks. A
bbre
viat
ions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
OW
, chr
onic
OW
NRW
QC
; CA
S, C
hem
ical
Abs
tract
s Ser
vice
; CA
NA
LWQ
G, C
anad
ian
Wat
er Q
ualit
y G
uide
lines
for A
quat
ic
Life
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); C
CL3
, Thi
rd C
onta
min
ant C
andi
date
Lis
t (U
SEPA
, 200
9c);
CF,
chr
onic
fish
; CI,
chro
nic
inve
rtebr
ate;
CM
AC
, Max
imum
Allo
wab
le C
on-
cent
ratio
n (H
ealth
Can
ada,
200
8); E
CO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(USE
PA, 2
009a
); EC
OTO
X, t
oxic
ity v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 201
0a);
GLW
QA
, Gre
at L
akes
Wat
er Q
ualit
y A
gree
men
t aqu
atic
-life
wat
er-q
ualit
y ob
ject
ive
(USE
PA, 1
978)
; HB
SL, H
ealth
-Bas
ed S
cree
ning
Lev
el (T
occa
lino
and
othe
rs, 2
008)
; HPV
, hi
gh p
rodu
ctio
n-vo
lum
e ch
emic
al (U
SEPA
, 200
5); M
CL,
Max
imum
Con
tam
inan
t Lev
el (U
SEPA
, 200
9d);
NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(USE
PA, 2
009e
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 200
9f);
OPP
Reg
, rec
ent (
1997
–200
8) a
ctiv
e in
gred
ient
regi
stra
tion
with
USE
PA (U
SEPA
, 200
9b);
OPP
tox,
toxi
city
val
ue fr
om O
PP re
regi
stra
-tio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); O
W N
RWQ
C, O
ffice
of W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he p
rote
ctio
n of
aqu
atic
life
(USE
PA, 2
002)
; PH
BSL
, Pro
visi
onal
Hea
lth-B
ased
Sc
reen
ing
Leve
l; SF
IREG
, Sta
te F
IFR
A Is
sues
Res
earc
h an
d Ev
alua
tion
Gro
up li
st o
f pes
ticid
es o
f wat
er-q
ualit
y co
ncer
n (A
ssoc
iatio
n of
Am
eric
an P
estic
ide
Con
trol O
ffici
als,
2005
); U
CM
R, U
nreg
ulat
ed
Con
tam
inan
t Mon
itorin
g R
egul
atio
n (U
SEPA
, 200
6); U
SEPA
, U.S
. Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy;
USG
S, U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey
aqua
tic-li
fe b
ench
mar
k de
term
ined
usi
ng O
PP m
etho
ds a
nd to
xici
ty d
ata
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); µg
/L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; –,
non
e]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pe
stic
ide
ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sele
cted
aq
uatic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
/sou
rce
of
aqua
tic-l
ife
benc
hmar
k
Hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
Oth
er
agen
cy
prio
ritie
s
Dip
hena
mid
957-
51-7
Her
bici
de3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–D
ithio
pyr
9788
6-45
-8H
erbi
cide
320
AN
VP
ECO
TOX
NAV
NAV
–D
NO
C (4
,6-D
initr
o-O
-cre
sol)
534-
52-1
Her
bici
de3
33A
F EC
OTO
XN
AVN
AV–
Dod
ine
2439
-10-
3Fu
ngic
ide
30.
95A
NV
P O
PP to
xN
AVN
AV–
DSM
A (D
isod
ium
met
hyla
rson
ate)
144-
21-8
Her
bici
de3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–Em
amec
tin15
5569
-91-
8In
sect
icid
e3
0.5
AI E
CO
TOX
NAV
NAV
–EP
N (O
-eth
yl O
-(4-
nitro
phen
yl)
P-ph
enyl
phos
phon
othi
oate
)21
04-6
4-5
Inse
ctic
ide
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Etha
met
sulfu
ron
9778
0-06
-8H
erbi
cide
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Ethe
phon
1667
2-87
-0Pl
ant g
row
th re
gula
tor
32,
500
AVP
OPP
tox
NAV
NAV
–
Ethi
on56
3-12
-2In
sect
icid
e3
0.01
3C
F U
SGS
4H
BSL
–Et
hion
mon
oxon
1735
6-42
-2D
egra
date
of e
thio
n3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–Et
hofu
mes
ate
2622
5-79
-6H
erbi
cide
325
0C
I OPP
tox
NAV
NAV
–Et
ridia
zole
2593
-15-
9Fu
ngic
ide
312
0C
F O
PP to
xN
AVN
AV–
Fatty
alc
ohol
s85
566-
12-7
Mic
robi
ocid
e/so
lven
t3
1,64
2C
I EC
OSA
RN
AVN
AV–
Fena
mid
one
1613
26-3
4-7
Fung
icid
e3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–Fe
narim
ol60
168-
88-9
Fung
icid
e3
450
AF
ECO
TOX
NAV
NAV
–Fe
nbuc
onaz
ole
1143
69-4
3-6
Fung
icid
e3
340
AF
ECO
TOX
NAV
NAV
–Fe
nchl
orof
os29
9-84
-3In
sect
icid
e3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–Fe
nitro
thio
n12
2-14
-5In
sect
icid
e3
0.08
7C
I OPP
NAV
NAV
–Fe
noxa
prop
6644
1-23
-4H
erbi
cide
315
5A
F EC
OTO
XN
AVN
AV–
Feno
xyca
rb79
127-
80-3
Inse
ctic
ide/
inse
ct g
row
th
regu
lato
r3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–
Fenp
yrox
imat
e13
4098
-61-
6In
sect
icid
e3
12C
F EC
OSA
RN
AVN
AV–
Appendix 3. 105Ta
ble
3–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
and
hum
an-h
ealth
ben
chm
arks
use
d in
the
eval
uatio
n of
pes
ticid
es fo
r wat
er.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Acu
te fi
sh a
nd
inve
rtebr
ate
toxi
city
val
ues w
ere
mul
tiplie
d by
a le
vel o
f con
cern
(LO
C) o
f 0.5
to b
e co
mpa
rabl
e in
val
ue to
Offi
ce o
f Pes
ticid
e Pr
ogra
ms a
quat
ic-li
fe b
ench
mar
ks. A
bbre
viat
ions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
OW
, chr
onic
OW
NRW
QC
; CA
S, C
hem
ical
Abs
tract
s Ser
vice
; CA
NA
LWQ
G, C
anad
ian
Wat
er Q
ualit
y G
uide
lines
for A
quat
ic
Life
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); C
CL3
, Thi
rd C
onta
min
ant C
andi
date
Lis
t (U
SEPA
, 200
9c);
CF,
chr
onic
fish
; CI,
chro
nic
inve
rtebr
ate;
CM
AC
, Max
imum
Allo
wab
le C
on-
cent
ratio
n (H
ealth
Can
ada,
200
8); E
CO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(USE
PA, 2
009a
); EC
OTO
X, t
oxic
ity v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 201
0a);
GLW
QA
, Gre
at L
akes
Wat
er Q
ualit
y A
gree
men
t aqu
atic
-life
wat
er-q
ualit
y ob
ject
ive
(USE
PA, 1
978)
; HB
SL, H
ealth
-Bas
ed S
cree
ning
Lev
el (T
occa
lino
and
othe
rs, 2
008)
; HPV
, hi
gh p
rodu
ctio
n-vo
lum
e ch
emic
al (U
SEPA
, 200
5); M
CL,
Max
imum
Con
tam
inan
t Lev
el (U
SEPA
, 200
9d);
NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(USE
PA, 2
009e
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 200
9f);
OPP
Reg
, rec
ent (
1997
–200
8) a
ctiv
e in
gred
ient
regi
stra
tion
with
USE
PA (U
SEPA
, 200
9b);
OPP
tox,
toxi
city
val
ue fr
om O
PP re
regi
stra
-tio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); O
W N
RWQ
C, O
ffice
of W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he p
rote
ctio
n of
aqu
atic
life
(USE
PA, 2
002)
; PH
BSL
, Pro
visi
onal
Hea
lth-B
ased
Sc
reen
ing
Leve
l; SF
IREG
, Sta
te F
IFR
A Is
sues
Res
earc
h an
d Ev
alua
tion
Gro
up li
st o
f pes
ticid
es o
f wat
er-q
ualit
y co
ncer
n (A
ssoc
iatio
n of
Am
eric
an P
estic
ide
Con
trol O
ffici
als,
2005
); U
CM
R, U
nreg
ulat
ed
Con
tam
inan
t Mon
itorin
g R
egul
atio
n (U
SEPA
, 200
6); U
SEPA
, U.S
. Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy;
USG
S, U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey
aqua
tic-li
fe b
ench
mar
k de
term
ined
usi
ng O
PP m
etho
ds a
nd to
xici
ty d
ata
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); µg
/L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; –,
non
e]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pe
stic
ide
ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sele
cted
aq
uatic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
/sou
rce
of
aqua
tic-l
ife
benc
hmar
k
Hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
Oth
er
agen
cy
prio
ritie
s
Fens
ulfo
thio
n11
5-90
-2In
sect
icid
e/ne
mat
ocid
e3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–Fe
nthi
on55
-38-
9In
sect
icid
e3
0.01
3C
I OPP
0.5
HB
SL–
Fent
hion
sulfo
ne37
61-4
2-0
Deg
rada
te o
f fen
thio
n3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–Fe
nthi
on su
lfone
oxy
gen
anal
ogN
AVD
egra
date
of f
enth
ion
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Fent
hion
sulfo
xide
3761
-41-
9D
egra
date
of f
enth
ion
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Fenu
ron
101-
42-8
Her
bici
de3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–Fe
nval
erat
e51
630-
58-1
Inse
ctic
ide
30.
025
AI E
CO
TOX
NAV
NAV
–Fe
rbam
1448
4-64
-1Fu
ngic
ide
350
0A
F O
PP to
xN
AVN
AV–
Flon
icam
id15
8062
-67-
0In
sect
icid
e3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–Fl
uazi
fop
6933
5-91
-7H
erbi
cide
310
,956
CI E
CO
SAR
NAV
NAV
–Fl
uchl
oral
in33
245-
39-5
Her
bici
de3
4.8
AF
ECO
TOX
NAV
NAV
–Fl
ucyt
hrin
ate
7012
4-77
-5In
sect
icid
e3
0.16
AF
ECO
TOX
NAV
NAV
–Fl
udio
xoni
l13
1341
-86-
1Fu
ngic
ide
382
.5A
F EC
OSA
RN
AVN
AV–
Flum
etra
lin62
924-
70-3
Plan
t gro
wth
regu
lato
r 3
8.95
AF
ECO
TOX
NAV
NAV
–Fl
urid
one
5975
6-60
-4H
erbi
cide
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Flut
olan
il66
332-
96-5
Fung
icid
e3
1,25
0A
F EC
OTO
XN
AVN
AV–
Flut
riafo
l76
674-
21-0
Fung
icid
e3
157
CF
ECO
SAR
NAV
NAV
–Fl
uval
inat
e69
409-
94-5
Inse
ctic
ide
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Fluv
alin
ate-
tau
1028
51-0
6-9
Inse
ctic
ide
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Folp
et13
3-07
-3Fu
ngic
ide
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Fom
esaf
en72
178-
02-0
Her
bici
de3
120
AN
VP
OPP
tox
NAV
NAV
–Fo
sam
ine
2595
4-13
-6H
erbi
cide
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Fose
tyl a
lum
inum
3914
8-24
-8Fu
ngic
ide
34,
990
AN
VP
OPP
tox
NAV
NAV
–G
alle
xN
AVB
acte
ricid
e3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–
106 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
3–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
and
hum
an-h
ealth
ben
chm
arks
use
d in
the
eval
uatio
n of
pes
ticid
es fo
r wat
er.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Acu
te fi
sh a
nd
inve
rtebr
ate
toxi
city
val
ues w
ere
mul
tiplie
d by
a le
vel o
f con
cern
(LO
C) o
f 0.5
to b
e co
mpa
rabl
e in
val
ue to
Offi
ce o
f Pes
ticid
e Pr
ogra
ms a
quat
ic-li
fe b
ench
mar
ks. A
bbre
viat
ions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
OW
, chr
onic
OW
NRW
QC
; CA
S, C
hem
ical
Abs
tract
s Ser
vice
; CA
NA
LWQ
G, C
anad
ian
Wat
er Q
ualit
y G
uide
lines
for A
quat
ic
Life
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); C
CL3
, Thi
rd C
onta
min
ant C
andi
date
Lis
t (U
SEPA
, 200
9c);
CF,
chr
onic
fish
; CI,
chro
nic
inve
rtebr
ate;
CM
AC
, Max
imum
Allo
wab
le C
on-
cent
ratio
n (H
ealth
Can
ada,
200
8); E
CO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(USE
PA, 2
009a
); EC
OTO
X, t
oxic
ity v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 201
0a);
GLW
QA
, Gre
at L
akes
Wat
er Q
ualit
y A
gree
men
t aqu
atic
-life
wat
er-q
ualit
y ob
ject
ive
(USE
PA, 1
978)
; HB
SL, H
ealth
-Bas
ed S
cree
ning
Lev
el (T
occa
lino
and
othe
rs, 2
008)
; HPV
, hi
gh p
rodu
ctio
n-vo
lum
e ch
emic
al (U
SEPA
, 200
5); M
CL,
Max
imum
Con
tam
inan
t Lev
el (U
SEPA
, 200
9d);
NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(USE
PA, 2
009e
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 200
9f);
OPP
Reg
, rec
ent (
1997
–200
8) a
ctiv
e in
gred
ient
regi
stra
tion
with
USE
PA (U
SEPA
, 200
9b);
OPP
tox,
toxi
city
val
ue fr
om O
PP re
regi
stra
-tio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); O
W N
RWQ
C, O
ffice
of W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he p
rote
ctio
n of
aqu
atic
life
(USE
PA, 2
002)
; PH
BSL
, Pro
visi
onal
Hea
lth-B
ased
Sc
reen
ing
Leve
l; SF
IREG
, Sta
te F
IFR
A Is
sues
Res
earc
h an
d Ev
alua
tion
Gro
up li
st o
f pes
ticid
es o
f wat
er-q
ualit
y co
ncer
n (A
ssoc
iatio
n of
Am
eric
an P
estic
ide
Con
trol O
ffici
als,
2005
); U
CM
R, U
nreg
ulat
ed
Con
tam
inan
t Mon
itorin
g R
egul
atio
n (U
SEPA
, 200
6); U
SEPA
, U.S
. Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy;
USG
S, U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey
aqua
tic-li
fe b
ench
mar
k de
term
ined
usi
ng O
PP m
etho
ds a
nd to
xici
ty d
ata
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); µg
/L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; –,
non
e]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pe
stic
ide
ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sele
cted
aq
uatic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
/sou
rce
of
aqua
tic-l
ife
benc
hmar
k
Hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
Oth
er
agen
cy
prio
ritie
s
gam
ma-
Am
inob
utyr
ic a
cid
56-1
2-2
Plan
t gro
wth
regu
lato
r/ Fu
ngic
ide
343
1C
I EC
OSA
RN
AVN
AV–
Gar
lic ju
ice
8000
-78-
0In
sect
icid
e3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–G
ibbe
relli
c ac
id77
-06-
5Pl
ant g
row
th re
gula
tor
371
,500
AI O
PP to
xN
AVN
AV–
Glu
fosi
nate
5127
6-47
-2H
erbi
cide
382
1C
I EC
OSA
RN
AVN
AV–
Har
pin
prot
ein
NAV
Fung
icid
e/ne
mat
icid
e/
plan
t gro
wth
regu
lato
r3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–
Hex
ythi
azox
7858
7-05
-0In
sect
icid
e3
0.6
CI O
PP to
xN
AVN
AV–
Hyd
ram
ethy
lnon
6748
5-29
-4In
sect
icid
e3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–H
ydra
ted
lime
1305
-62-
0Fu
ngic
ide/
mic
robi
ocid
e/
herb
icid
e3
520,
506
CI E
CO
SAR
NAV
NAV
–
Hyd
roge
n pe
roxi
de77
22-8
4-1
Mic
robi
ocid
e/fu
ngic
ide/
he
rbic
ide/
rode
ntic
ide
331
.5A
F EC
OSA
RN
AVN
AV–
Hyd
roxy
prop
anoi
c ac
id79
-33-
4Pl
ant g
row
th
regu
lato
r3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–
Imaz
apic
1040
98-4
8-8
Her
bici
de3
1,70
6C
F EC
OSA
RN
AVN
AV–
Indo
lyl-b
utyr
ic a
cid
133-
32-4
Plan
t gro
wth
re
gula
tor
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Iodo
sulfu
ron
1445
50-3
6-7
Her
bici
de3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–Is
azof
os42
509-
80-8
Inse
ctic
ide
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Isof
enph
os25
311-
71-1
Inse
ctic
ide
30.
22C
I USG
S6
HB
SL–
Isop
ropa
lin33
820-
53-0
Her
bici
de3
135
AI E
CO
TOX
NAV
NAV
–Is
oxab
en82
558-
50-7
Her
bici
de3
7C
F EC
OSA
RN
AVN
AV–
Kao
lin c
lay
1332
-58-
7In
sect
icid
e/ad
juva
nt/
fung
icid
e/m
icro
bioc
ide
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Appendix 3. 107Ta
ble
3–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
and
hum
an-h
ealth
ben
chm
arks
use
d in
the
eval
uatio
n of
pes
ticid
es fo
r wat
er.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Acu
te fi
sh a
nd
inve
rtebr
ate
toxi
city
val
ues w
ere
mul
tiplie
d by
a le
vel o
f con
cern
(LO
C) o
f 0.5
to b
e co
mpa
rabl
e in
val
ue to
Offi
ce o
f Pes
ticid
e Pr
ogra
ms a
quat
ic-li
fe b
ench
mar
ks. A
bbre
viat
ions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
OW
, chr
onic
OW
NRW
QC
; CA
S, C
hem
ical
Abs
tract
s Ser
vice
; CA
NA
LWQ
G, C
anad
ian
Wat
er Q
ualit
y G
uide
lines
for A
quat
ic
Life
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); C
CL3
, Thi
rd C
onta
min
ant C
andi
date
Lis
t (U
SEPA
, 200
9c);
CF,
chr
onic
fish
; CI,
chro
nic
inve
rtebr
ate;
CM
AC
, Max
imum
Allo
wab
le C
on-
cent
ratio
n (H
ealth
Can
ada,
200
8); E
CO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(USE
PA, 2
009a
); EC
OTO
X, t
oxic
ity v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 201
0a);
GLW
QA
, Gre
at L
akes
Wat
er Q
ualit
y A
gree
men
t aqu
atic
-life
wat
er-q
ualit
y ob
ject
ive
(USE
PA, 1
978)
; HB
SL, H
ealth
-Bas
ed S
cree
ning
Lev
el (T
occa
lino
and
othe
rs, 2
008)
; HPV
, hi
gh p
rodu
ctio
n-vo
lum
e ch
emic
al (U
SEPA
, 200
5); M
CL,
Max
imum
Con
tam
inan
t Lev
el (U
SEPA
, 200
9d);
NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(USE
PA, 2
009e
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 200
9f);
OPP
Reg
, rec
ent (
1997
–200
8) a
ctiv
e in
gred
ient
regi
stra
tion
with
USE
PA (U
SEPA
, 200
9b);
OPP
tox,
toxi
city
val
ue fr
om O
PP re
regi
stra
-tio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); O
W N
RWQ
C, O
ffice
of W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he p
rote
ctio
n of
aqu
atic
life
(USE
PA, 2
002)
; PH
BSL
, Pro
visi
onal
Hea
lth-B
ased
Sc
reen
ing
Leve
l; SF
IREG
, Sta
te F
IFR
A Is
sues
Res
earc
h an
d Ev
alua
tion
Gro
up li
st o
f pes
ticid
es o
f wat
er-q
ualit
y co
ncer
n (A
ssoc
iatio
n of
Am
eric
an P
estic
ide
Con
trol O
ffici
als,
2005
); U
CM
R, U
nreg
ulat
ed
Con
tam
inan
t Mon
itorin
g R
egul
atio
n (U
SEPA
, 200
6); U
SEPA
, U.S
. Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy;
USG
S, U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey
aqua
tic-li
fe b
ench
mar
k de
term
ined
usi
ng O
PP m
etho
ds a
nd to
xici
ty d
ata
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); µg
/L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; –,
non
e]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pe
stic
ide
ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sele
cted
aq
uatic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
/sou
rce
of
aqua
tic-l
ife
benc
hmar
k
Hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
Oth
er
agen
cy
prio
ritie
s
Kin
opre
ne42
588-
37-4
Inse
ct g
row
th re
gula
tor
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Lact
ofen
483
513-
60-4
Her
bici
de3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–Le
ad a
rsen
ate
7784
-40-
9H
erbi
cide
/inse
ctic
ide/
ro
dent
icid
e3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–
Lept
ofos
2160
9-90
-5In
sect
icid
e3
1.98
AF
ECO
TOX
NAV
NAV
–L-
Glu
tam
ic a
cid
56-8
6-0
Plan
t gro
wth
regu
lato
r/ fu
ngic
ide
364
8C
I EC
OSA
RN
AVN
AV–
Mal
eic
hydr
azid
e12
3-33
-1Pl
ant g
row
th re
gula
tor
310
2,00
0A
NV
P O
PP to
xN
AVN
AV–
Man
coze
b80
18-0
1-7
Fung
icid
e3
47A
NV
P O
PPN
AVN
AV–
MC
PP-p
(Mec
opro
p-p)
1648
4-77
-8H
erbi
cide
345
,500
AI O
PPN
AVN
AV–
Mef
enox
am70
630-
17-0
Fung
icid
e3
14,0
00A
I OPP
NAV
NAV
–M
efllu
idid
e53
780-
34-0
Her
bici
de/p
lant
gro
wth
re
gula
tor
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Mep
iqua
t chl
orid
e24
307-
26-4
Plan
t gro
wth
regu
lato
r3
12,5
00C
I OPP
tox
NAV
NAV
–
Mer
phos
150-
50-5
Def
olia
nt/p
lant
gro
wth
re
gula
tor
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AVH
PV
Met
alde
hyde
9002
-91-
9In
sect
icid
e3
34,5
00A
F O
PP to
xN
AVN
AV–
Met
am p
otas
sium
137-
41-7
Fum
igan
t/fun
gici
de/
mic
robi
ocid
e/al
gaec
ide/
ne
mat
icid
e
338
,338
AN
VP
ECO
SAR
NAV
NAV
–
Met
hazo
le20
354-
26-1
Her
bici
de3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–M
ethi
ocar
b20
32-6
5-7
Inse
ctic
ide
30.
1C
I OPP
40H
BSL
–M
etho
pren
e40
596-
69-8
Inse
ctic
ide
348
CF
OPP
NAV
NAV
–M
etho
pren
e ac
id30
2-79
-4D
egra
date
of m
etho
pren
e3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–
108 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
3–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
and
hum
an-h
ealth
ben
chm
arks
use
d in
the
eval
uatio
n of
pes
ticid
es fo
r wat
er.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Acu
te fi
sh a
nd
inve
rtebr
ate
toxi
city
val
ues w
ere
mul
tiplie
d by
a le
vel o
f con
cern
(LO
C) o
f 0.5
to b
e co
mpa
rabl
e in
val
ue to
Offi
ce o
f Pes
ticid
e Pr
ogra
ms a
quat
ic-li
fe b
ench
mar
ks. A
bbre
viat
ions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
OW
, chr
onic
OW
NRW
QC
; CA
S, C
hem
ical
Abs
tract
s Ser
vice
; CA
NA
LWQ
G, C
anad
ian
Wat
er Q
ualit
y G
uide
lines
for A
quat
ic
Life
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); C
CL3
, Thi
rd C
onta
min
ant C
andi
date
Lis
t (U
SEPA
, 200
9c);
CF,
chr
onic
fish
; CI,
chro
nic
inve
rtebr
ate;
CM
AC
, Max
imum
Allo
wab
le C
on-
cent
ratio
n (H
ealth
Can
ada,
200
8); E
CO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(USE
PA, 2
009a
); EC
OTO
X, t
oxic
ity v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 201
0a);
GLW
QA
, Gre
at L
akes
Wat
er Q
ualit
y A
gree
men
t aqu
atic
-life
wat
er-q
ualit
y ob
ject
ive
(USE
PA, 1
978)
; HB
SL, H
ealth
-Bas
ed S
cree
ning
Lev
el (T
occa
lino
and
othe
rs, 2
008)
; HPV
, hi
gh p
rodu
ctio
n-vo
lum
e ch
emic
al (U
SEPA
, 200
5); M
CL,
Max
imum
Con
tam
inan
t Lev
el (U
SEPA
, 200
9d);
NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(USE
PA, 2
009e
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 200
9f);
OPP
Reg
, rec
ent (
1997
–200
8) a
ctiv
e in
gred
ient
regi
stra
tion
with
USE
PA (U
SEPA
, 200
9b);
OPP
tox,
toxi
city
val
ue fr
om O
PP re
regi
stra
-tio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); O
W N
RWQ
C, O
ffice
of W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he p
rote
ctio
n of
aqu
atic
life
(USE
PA, 2
002)
; PH
BSL
, Pro
visi
onal
Hea
lth-B
ased
Sc
reen
ing
Leve
l; SF
IREG
, Sta
te F
IFR
A Is
sues
Res
earc
h an
d Ev
alua
tion
Gro
up li
st o
f pes
ticid
es o
f wat
er-q
ualit
y co
ncer
n (A
ssoc
iatio
n of
Am
eric
an P
estic
ide
Con
trol O
ffici
als,
2005
); U
CM
R, U
nreg
ulat
ed
Con
tam
inan
t Mon
itorin
g R
egul
atio
n (U
SEPA
, 200
6); U
SEPA
, U.S
. Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy;
USG
S, U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey
aqua
tic-li
fe b
ench
mar
k de
term
ined
usi
ng O
PP m
etho
ds a
nd to
xici
ty d
ata
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); µg
/L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; –,
non
e]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pe
stic
ide
ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sele
cted
aq
uatic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
/sou
rce
of
aqua
tic-l
ife
benc
hmar
k
Hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
Oth
er
agen
cy
prio
ritie
s
Met
hyl i
soth
iocy
anat
e55
6-61
-6Fu
mig
ant/i
nsec
ticid
e/
herb
icid
e/ne
mat
icid
e/
brea
kdow
n pr
oduc
t
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Met
iram
9006
-42-
2Fu
ngic
ide
377
AN
VP
OPP
tox
NAV
NAV
–M
evin
phos
7786
-34-
7In
sect
icid
e/ac
aric
ide
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
MH
PC (M
ethy
l N-
[3-h
ydro
xyph
enol
] car
bam
ate)
1368
3-89
-1D
egra
date
of
phen
med
ipha
m3
7,00
0A
I OPP
tox
NAV
NAV
–
Min
ocyc
line
1011
8-90
-8A
ntib
iotic
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Mon
ocro
tofo
s69
23-2
2-4
Inse
ctic
ide/
acar
icid
e3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–
Myr
othe
cium
ver
ruca
riaN
AVIn
sect
icid
e/ne
mat
icid
e3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–N
AD
(Nic
otin
amid
e ad
enin
e
dinu
cleo
tide)
53-8
4-9
Oth
er3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–
Nap
hthy
lace
tam
ide
86-8
6-2
Plan
t gro
wth
regu
lato
r3
234
CF
ECO
SAR
NAV
NAV
–N
apht
hyla
cetic
aci
d86
-87-
3Pl
ant g
row
th re
gula
tor
314
,000
AF
ECO
TOX
NAV
NAV
–
Nap
tala
m13
2-66
-1H
erbi
cide
359
,250
AI O
PP to
xN
AVN
AV–
Neb
uron
555-
37-3
Her
bici
de3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–N
eem
oil
8002
-65-
1In
sect
icid
e3
203
AF
ECO
SAR
NAV
NAV
–N
orur
on18
530-
56-8
Her
bici
de3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–N
osem
a lo
cust
ae c
ann
NAV
Inse
ctic
ide
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Oil
NAV
Inse
ctic
ide
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Oxa
diaz
on19
666-
30-9
Her
bici
de3
7.8
AN
VP
ECO
TOX
NAV
NAV
–O
xyte
tracy
clin
e79
-57-
2Fu
ngic
ide
351
,000
AI O
PP to
xN
AVN
AV–
Oxy
thio
quin
ox24
39-0
1-2
Inse
ctic
ide
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Appendix 3. 109Ta
ble
3–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
and
hum
an-h
ealth
ben
chm
arks
use
d in
the
eval
uatio
n of
pes
ticid
es fo
r wat
er.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Acu
te fi
sh a
nd
inve
rtebr
ate
toxi
city
val
ues w
ere
mul
tiplie
d by
a le
vel o
f con
cern
(LO
C) o
f 0.5
to b
e co
mpa
rabl
e in
val
ue to
Offi
ce o
f Pes
ticid
e Pr
ogra
ms a
quat
ic-li
fe b
ench
mar
ks. A
bbre
viat
ions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
OW
, chr
onic
OW
NRW
QC
; CA
S, C
hem
ical
Abs
tract
s Ser
vice
; CA
NA
LWQ
G, C
anad
ian
Wat
er Q
ualit
y G
uide
lines
for A
quat
ic
Life
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); C
CL3
, Thi
rd C
onta
min
ant C
andi
date
Lis
t (U
SEPA
, 200
9c);
CF,
chr
onic
fish
; CI,
chro
nic
inve
rtebr
ate;
CM
AC
, Max
imum
Allo
wab
le C
on-
cent
ratio
n (H
ealth
Can
ada,
200
8); E
CO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(USE
PA, 2
009a
); EC
OTO
X, t
oxic
ity v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 201
0a);
GLW
QA
, Gre
at L
akes
Wat
er Q
ualit
y A
gree
men
t aqu
atic
-life
wat
er-q
ualit
y ob
ject
ive
(USE
PA, 1
978)
; HB
SL, H
ealth
-Bas
ed S
cree
ning
Lev
el (T
occa
lino
and
othe
rs, 2
008)
; HPV
, hi
gh p
rodu
ctio
n-vo
lum
e ch
emic
al (U
SEPA
, 200
5); M
CL,
Max
imum
Con
tam
inan
t Lev
el (U
SEPA
, 200
9d);
NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(USE
PA, 2
009e
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 200
9f);
OPP
Reg
, rec
ent (
1997
–200
8) a
ctiv
e in
gred
ient
regi
stra
tion
with
USE
PA (U
SEPA
, 200
9b);
OPP
tox,
toxi
city
val
ue fr
om O
PP re
regi
stra
-tio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); O
W N
RWQ
C, O
ffice
of W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he p
rote
ctio
n of
aqu
atic
life
(USE
PA, 2
002)
; PH
BSL
, Pro
visi
onal
Hea
lth-B
ased
Sc
reen
ing
Leve
l; SF
IREG
, Sta
te F
IFR
A Is
sues
Res
earc
h an
d Ev
alua
tion
Gro
up li
st o
f pes
ticid
es o
f wat
er-q
ualit
y co
ncer
n (A
ssoc
iatio
n of
Am
eric
an P
estic
ide
Con
trol O
ffici
als,
2005
); U
CM
R, U
nreg
ulat
ed
Con
tam
inan
t Mon
itorin
g R
egul
atio
n (U
SEPA
, 200
6); U
SEPA
, U.S
. Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy;
USG
S, U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey
aqua
tic-li
fe b
ench
mar
k de
term
ined
usi
ng O
PP m
etho
ds a
nd to
xici
ty d
ata
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); µg
/L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; –,
non
e]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pe
stic
ide
ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sele
cted
aq
uatic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
/sou
rce
of
aqua
tic-l
ife
benc
hmar
k
Hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
Oth
er
agen
cy
prio
ritie
s
Pacl
obut
razo
l76
738-
62-0
Plan
t gro
wth
regu
lato
r3
11,8
00A
F EC
OTO
XN
AVN
AV–
Para
oxon
-eth
yl31
1-45
-5D
egra
date
of p
arat
hion
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
PCN
B (P
enta
chlo
roni
trobe
nzen
e)82
-68-
8Fu
ngic
ide
313
CF
OPP
tox
NAV
NAV
–Pe
bula
te11
14-7
1-2
Her
bici
de3
230
AN
VP
OPP
50H
BSL
–Pe
larg
onic
aci
d11
2-05
-0H
erbi
cide
/fung
icid
e3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
HPV
Peni
cilli
n G
61-3
3-6
Ant
ibio
tic3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–Pe
rthan
e72
-56-
0In
sect
icid
e3
2.2
AF
ECO
TOX
NAV
NAV
–Pe
trole
um d
istil
late
8002
-05-
9In
sect
icid
e/ad
juva
nt/
solv
ent
362
5A
F EC
OTO
XN
AVN
AVH
PV
Petro
leum
oil
6474
1-89
-5H
erbi
cide
/pla
nt g
row
th
regu
lato
r/ins
ectic
ide/
ad
juva
nt
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AVH
PV
Phen
med
ipha
m13
684-
63-4
Her
bici
de3
320
AVP
OPP
tox
NAV
NAV
–Ph
osal
one
2310
-17-
0In
sect
icid
e3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–Ph
osph
amid
on13
171-
21-6
Inse
ctic
ide
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Phos
phor
ic a
cid
7664
-38-
2Fu
ngic
ide/
herb
icid
e/
mic
robi
ocid
e3
578,
554
CI E
CO
SAR
NAV
NAV
–
Phyt
opht
hora
spor
esN
AVH
erbi
cide
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Pino
lene
6824
0-09
-5In
sect
icid
e3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–Po
lych
lorin
ated
nap
htha
lene
NAV
ND
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Poly
hedr
osis
viru
sN
AVIn
sect
icid
e3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–Po
tass
ium
bic
arbo
nate
298-
14-6
Fung
icid
e3
121,
000,
000
AN
VP
ECO
SAR
NAV
NAV
–Po
tass
ium
car
bona
te58
4-08
-7Fu
ngic
ide/
mic
robi
ocid
e/
herb
icid
e/pH
adj
ustm
ent
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
110 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
3–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
and
hum
an-h
ealth
ben
chm
arks
use
d in
the
eval
uatio
n of
pes
ticid
es fo
r wat
er.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Acu
te fi
sh a
nd
inve
rtebr
ate
toxi
city
val
ues w
ere
mul
tiplie
d by
a le
vel o
f con
cern
(LO
C) o
f 0.5
to b
e co
mpa
rabl
e in
val
ue to
Offi
ce o
f Pes
ticid
e Pr
ogra
ms a
quat
ic-li
fe b
ench
mar
ks. A
bbre
viat
ions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
OW
, chr
onic
OW
NRW
QC
; CA
S, C
hem
ical
Abs
tract
s Ser
vice
; CA
NA
LWQ
G, C
anad
ian
Wat
er Q
ualit
y G
uide
lines
for A
quat
ic
Life
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); C
CL3
, Thi
rd C
onta
min
ant C
andi
date
Lis
t (U
SEPA
, 200
9c);
CF,
chr
onic
fish
; CI,
chro
nic
inve
rtebr
ate;
CM
AC
, Max
imum
Allo
wab
le C
on-
cent
ratio
n (H
ealth
Can
ada,
200
8); E
CO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(USE
PA, 2
009a
); EC
OTO
X, t
oxic
ity v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 201
0a);
GLW
QA
, Gre
at L
akes
Wat
er Q
ualit
y A
gree
men
t aqu
atic
-life
wat
er-q
ualit
y ob
ject
ive
(USE
PA, 1
978)
; HB
SL, H
ealth
-Bas
ed S
cree
ning
Lev
el (T
occa
lino
and
othe
rs, 2
008)
; HPV
, hi
gh p
rodu
ctio
n-vo
lum
e ch
emic
al (U
SEPA
, 200
5); M
CL,
Max
imum
Con
tam
inan
t Lev
el (U
SEPA
, 200
9d);
NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(USE
PA, 2
009e
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 200
9f);
OPP
Reg
, rec
ent (
1997
–200
8) a
ctiv
e in
gred
ient
regi
stra
tion
with
USE
PA (U
SEPA
, 200
9b);
OPP
tox,
toxi
city
val
ue fr
om O
PP re
regi
stra
-tio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); O
W N
RWQ
C, O
ffice
of W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he p
rote
ctio
n of
aqu
atic
life
(USE
PA, 2
002)
; PH
BSL
, Pro
visi
onal
Hea
lth-B
ased
Sc
reen
ing
Leve
l; SF
IREG
, Sta
te F
IFR
A Is
sues
Res
earc
h an
d Ev
alua
tion
Gro
up li
st o
f pes
ticid
es o
f wat
er-q
ualit
y co
ncer
n (A
ssoc
iatio
n of
Am
eric
an P
estic
ide
Con
trol O
ffici
als,
2005
); U
CM
R, U
nreg
ulat
ed
Con
tam
inan
t Mon
itorin
g R
egul
atio
n (U
SEPA
, 200
6); U
SEPA
, U.S
. Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy;
USG
S, U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey
aqua
tic-li
fe b
ench
mar
k de
term
ined
usi
ng O
PP m
etho
ds a
nd to
xici
ty d
ata
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); µg
/L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; –,
non
e]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pe
stic
ide
ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sele
cted
aq
uatic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
/sou
rce
of
aqua
tic-l
ife
benc
hmar
k
Hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
Oth
er
agen
cy
prio
ritie
s
Prim
isul
furo
n86
209-
51-0
Her
bici
de3
105,
000
AF
ECO
TOX
2,00
0H
BSL
–Pr
odia
min
e29
091-
21-2
Her
bici
de3
1,59
0A
F EC
OTO
XN
AVN
AV–
Profl
ural
in26
399-
36-0
Her
bici
de3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–Pr
opac
hlor
1918
-16-
7H
erbi
cide
313
.5A
NV
P O
PP1
HB
SL–
Prop
achl
or E
SAN
AVD
egra
date
of p
ropa
chlo
r3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–
Prop
achl
or O
AN
AVD
egra
date
of p
ropa
chlo
r3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–
Prop
amoc
arb
2457
9-73
-5Fu
ngic
ide
36,
300
CF
OPP
tox
NAV
NAV
–Pr
opet
amph
os31
218-
83-4
Inse
ctic
ide
31.
65A
I OPP
4H
BSL
–Pr
opha
m12
2-42
-9H
erbi
cide
34,
050
AI E
CO
TOX
100
HB
SL–
Pseu
dom
onas
fluo
resc
ens
NAV
Mic
robi
al fu
ngic
ide
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Pyra
flufe
n et
hyl
1296
30-1
9-9
Her
bici
de3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–Py
razo
n16
98-6
0-8
Her
bici
de3
170
AN
VP
OPP
tox
NAV
NAV
–Py
razo
n B
-1 m
etab
olite
NAV
Deg
rada
te o
f pyr
azon
350
,000
AI O
PP to
xN
AVN
AV–
Pyrid
ate
5551
2-33
-9H
erbi
cide
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Pyrim
etha
nil
5311
2-28
-0Fu
ngic
ide
31,
298
CI E
CO
SAR
NAV
NAV
–Py
ripro
xyfe
n 4
9573
7-68
-1In
sect
icid
e3
200
AI E
CO
TOX
NAV
NAV
–Py
rithi
obac
1233
42-9
3-8
Her
bici
de3
23,2
99C
I-SW
EC
OSA
RN
AVN
AV–
Qui
nclo
rac
8408
7-01
-4H
erbi
cide
314
,900
AI E
CO
TOX
NAV
NAV
–Q
uino
xyfe
n12
4495
-18-
7Fu
ngic
ide
318
CF
ECO
SAR
NAV
NAV
–Q
uiza
lofo
p76
578-
12-6
Her
bici
de3
11,6
77C
I EC
OSA
RN
AVN
AV–
Res
met
hrin
1045
3-86
-8In
sect
icid
e3
0.14
AF
OPP
NAV
NAV
–R
imsu
lfuro
n12
2931
-48-
0H
erbi
cide
350
0,00
0A
I EC
OTO
XN
AVN
AV–
Rot
enon
e83
-79-
4In
sect
icid
e3
0.97
AF
OPP
NAV
NAV
–
Appendix 3. 111Ta
ble
3–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
and
hum
an-h
ealth
ben
chm
arks
use
d in
the
eval
uatio
n of
pes
ticid
es fo
r wat
er.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Acu
te fi
sh a
nd
inve
rtebr
ate
toxi
city
val
ues w
ere
mul
tiplie
d by
a le
vel o
f con
cern
(LO
C) o
f 0.5
to b
e co
mpa
rabl
e in
val
ue to
Offi
ce o
f Pes
ticid
e Pr
ogra
ms a
quat
ic-li
fe b
ench
mar
ks. A
bbre
viat
ions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
OW
, chr
onic
OW
NRW
QC
; CA
S, C
hem
ical
Abs
tract
s Ser
vice
; CA
NA
LWQ
G, C
anad
ian
Wat
er Q
ualit
y G
uide
lines
for A
quat
ic
Life
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); C
CL3
, Thi
rd C
onta
min
ant C
andi
date
Lis
t (U
SEPA
, 200
9c);
CF,
chr
onic
fish
; CI,
chro
nic
inve
rtebr
ate;
CM
AC
, Max
imum
Allo
wab
le C
on-
cent
ratio
n (H
ealth
Can
ada,
200
8); E
CO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(USE
PA, 2
009a
); EC
OTO
X, t
oxic
ity v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 201
0a);
GLW
QA
, Gre
at L
akes
Wat
er Q
ualit
y A
gree
men
t aqu
atic
-life
wat
er-q
ualit
y ob
ject
ive
(USE
PA, 1
978)
; HB
SL, H
ealth
-Bas
ed S
cree
ning
Lev
el (T
occa
lino
and
othe
rs, 2
008)
; HPV
, hi
gh p
rodu
ctio
n-vo
lum
e ch
emic
al (U
SEPA
, 200
5); M
CL,
Max
imum
Con
tam
inan
t Lev
el (U
SEPA
, 200
9d);
NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(USE
PA, 2
009e
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 200
9f);
OPP
Reg
, rec
ent (
1997
–200
8) a
ctiv
e in
gred
ient
regi
stra
tion
with
USE
PA (U
SEPA
, 200
9b);
OPP
tox,
toxi
city
val
ue fr
om O
PP re
regi
stra
-tio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); O
W N
RWQ
C, O
ffice
of W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he p
rote
ctio
n of
aqu
atic
life
(USE
PA, 2
002)
; PH
BSL
, Pro
visi
onal
Hea
lth-B
ased
Sc
reen
ing
Leve
l; SF
IREG
, Sta
te F
IFR
A Is
sues
Res
earc
h an
d Ev
alua
tion
Gro
up li
st o
f pes
ticid
es o
f wat
er-q
ualit
y co
ncer
n (A
ssoc
iatio
n of
Am
eric
an P
estic
ide
Con
trol O
ffici
als,
2005
); U
CM
R, U
nreg
ulat
ed
Con
tam
inan
t Mon
itorin
g R
egul
atio
n (U
SEPA
, 200
6); U
SEPA
, U.S
. Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy;
USG
S, U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey
aqua
tic-li
fe b
ench
mar
k de
term
ined
usi
ng O
PP m
etho
ds a
nd to
xici
ty d
ata
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); µg
/L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; –,
non
e]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pe
stic
ide
ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sele
cted
aq
uatic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
/sou
rce
of
aqua
tic-l
ife
benc
hmar
k
Hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
Oth
er
agen
cy
prio
ritie
s
Ryan
odin
e15
662-
33-6
Inse
ctic
ide
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Saba
dilla
8051
-02-
3In
sect
icid
e3
39C
I EC
OSA
RN
AVN
AV–
Seth
oxyd
im74
051-
80-2
Her
bici
de3
250
AN
VP
OPP
tox
NAV
NAV
–Si
licat
esN
AVIn
sect
icid
e3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–Si
met
ryn
1014
-70-
6H
erbi
cide
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Sodi
um a
rsen
ite77
84-4
6-5
Her
bici
de/in
sect
icid
e/
rode
ntic
ide/
fung
icid
e3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–
Sodi
um c
hlor
ate
7775
-09-
9D
efol
iant
/her
bici
de/
mic
robi
ocid
e3
43,0
00AV
P O
PP to
xN
AVN
AV–
Sodi
um m
etab
orat
e77
75-1
9-1
Inse
ctic
ide
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Spin
etor
amN
AVIn
sect
icid
e3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–Sp
irom
esife
n28
3594
-90-
1In
sect
icid
e3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–St
eine
rnem
a ca
rpoc
apN
AVIn
sect
icid
e3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–St
eine
rnem
a rio
brav
iN
AVB
ioco
ntro
l3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–St
irofo
s96
1-11
-5In
sect
icid
e3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–St
rept
omyc
in57
-92-
1Fu
ngic
ide
386
0A
NV
P O
PP to
xN
AVN
AV–
Sulfa
llate
95-0
6-7
Her
bici
de3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–Su
lfosa
te81
591-
81-3
Her
bici
de3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–Su
lfote
pp36
89-2
4-5
Inse
ctic
ide
3N
AVN
AV4
HB
SL–
Sulfu
r63
705-
05-5
Fung
icid
e3
90,0
00A
F O
PP to
xN
AVN
AV–
Sulfu
ric a
cid
7664
-93-
9H
erbi
cide
/des
sica
nt/
fung
icid
e/m
icro
bioc
ide
321
,000
AF
ECO
TOX
NAV
NAV
–
Sulp
rofo
s35
400-
43-2
Inse
ctic
ide
30.
38A
I EC
OTO
XN
AVN
AV–
Sum
ithrin
2600
2-80
-2In
sect
icid
e3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–
112 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
3–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
and
hum
an-h
ealth
ben
chm
arks
use
d in
the
eval
uatio
n of
pes
ticid
es fo
r wat
er.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Acu
te fi
sh a
nd
inve
rtebr
ate
toxi
city
val
ues w
ere
mul
tiplie
d by
a le
vel o
f con
cern
(LO
C) o
f 0.5
to b
e co
mpa
rabl
e in
val
ue to
Offi
ce o
f Pes
ticid
e Pr
ogra
ms a
quat
ic-li
fe b
ench
mar
ks. A
bbre
viat
ions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
OW
, chr
onic
OW
NRW
QC
; CA
S, C
hem
ical
Abs
tract
s Ser
vice
; CA
NA
LWQ
G, C
anad
ian
Wat
er Q
ualit
y G
uide
lines
for A
quat
ic
Life
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); C
CL3
, Thi
rd C
onta
min
ant C
andi
date
Lis
t (U
SEPA
, 200
9c);
CF,
chr
onic
fish
; CI,
chro
nic
inve
rtebr
ate;
CM
AC
, Max
imum
Allo
wab
le C
on-
cent
ratio
n (H
ealth
Can
ada,
200
8); E
CO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(USE
PA, 2
009a
); EC
OTO
X, t
oxic
ity v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 201
0a);
GLW
QA
, Gre
at L
akes
Wat
er Q
ualit
y A
gree
men
t aqu
atic
-life
wat
er-q
ualit
y ob
ject
ive
(USE
PA, 1
978)
; HB
SL, H
ealth
-Bas
ed S
cree
ning
Lev
el (T
occa
lino
and
othe
rs, 2
008)
; HPV
, hi
gh p
rodu
ctio
n-vo
lum
e ch
emic
al (U
SEPA
, 200
5); M
CL,
Max
imum
Con
tam
inan
t Lev
el (U
SEPA
, 200
9d);
NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(USE
PA, 2
009e
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 200
9f);
OPP
Reg
, rec
ent (
1997
–200
8) a
ctiv
e in
gred
ient
regi
stra
tion
with
USE
PA (U
SEPA
, 200
9b);
OPP
tox,
toxi
city
val
ue fr
om O
PP re
regi
stra
-tio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); O
W N
RWQ
C, O
ffice
of W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he p
rote
ctio
n of
aqu
atic
life
(USE
PA, 2
002)
; PH
BSL
, Pro
visi
onal
Hea
lth-B
ased
Sc
reen
ing
Leve
l; SF
IREG
, Sta
te F
IFR
A Is
sues
Res
earc
h an
d Ev
alua
tion
Gro
up li
st o
f pes
ticid
es o
f wat
er-q
ualit
y co
ncer
n (A
ssoc
iatio
n of
Am
eric
an P
estic
ide
Con
trol O
ffici
als,
2005
); U
CM
R, U
nreg
ulat
ed
Con
tam
inan
t Mon
itorin
g R
egul
atio
n (U
SEPA
, 200
6); U
SEPA
, U.S
. Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy;
USG
S, U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey
aqua
tic-li
fe b
ench
mar
k de
term
ined
usi
ng O
PP m
etho
ds a
nd to
xici
ty d
ata
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); µg
/L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; –,
non
e]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pe
stic
ide
ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sele
cted
aq
uatic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
/sou
rce
of
aqua
tic-l
ife
benc
hmar
k
Hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
Oth
er
agen
cy
prio
ritie
s
TCA
(T
richl
oroa
cetic
aci
d)76
-03-
9H
erbi
cide
/bre
akdo
wn
prod
uct
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
TCM
TB (2
-[Th
iocy
anom
ethy
lthio
] be
nzot
hiaz
ole)
2156
4-17
-0M
icro
bioc
ide/
fung
icid
e3
3.65
AF
ECO
TOX
NAV
NAV
–
Tem
epho
s33
83-9
6-8
Inse
ctic
ide
35
AI O
PPN
AVN
AV–
Terb
utry
n88
6-50
-0H
erbi
cide
341
0A
F EC
OTO
X0.
7H
BSL
–Te
trabo
rohy
drat
eN
AVFu
ngic
ide/
inse
ctic
ide
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Tetra
oxos
ulfa
te14
808-
79-8
–3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–Te
trath
ioca
rbon
ate
7345
-69-
9Fu
mig
ant/f
ungi
cide
/ ne
mat
icid
e3
590,
000,
000
AN
VP
ECO
SAR
NAV
NAV
–
Thia
bend
azol
e14
8-79
-8Fu
ngic
ide
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Thid
iazu
ron
5170
7-55
-2D
efol
iant
/pla
nt g
row
th
regu
lato
r3
100
CI O
PP to
xN
AVN
AV–
Thife
nsul
furo
n79
277-
67-1
Her
bici
de3
418
AN
VP
ECO
SAR
NAV
NAV
–Th
iona
zin
297-
97-2
Nem
atoc
ide
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Toku
thio
n34
643-
46-4
Inse
ctic
ide
36,
500
AF
ECO
TOX
NAV
NAV
–Tr
alom
ethr
in66
841-
25-6
Inse
ctic
ide
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Tria
dim
efon
4312
1-43
-3Fu
ngic
ide
341
CF
OPP
tox
NAV
NAV
–Tr
iadi
men
ol55
219-
65-3
Fung
icid
e3
89C
F EC
OSA
RN
AVN
AV–
Tria
sulfu
ron
8209
7-50
-5H
erbi
cide
350
,000
AF
OPP
70H
BSL
–Tr
iaza
mat
e11
2143
-82-
5In
sect
icid
e3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–Tr
ichl
orfo
n52
-68-
6In
sect
icid
e3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–Tr
ichl
oron
at32
7-98
-0In
sect
icid
e3
0.05
AI E
CO
TOX
NAV
NAV
–Tr
idip
hane
5813
8-08
-2H
erbi
cide
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Appendix 3. 113Ta
ble
3–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
and
hum
an-h
ealth
ben
chm
arks
use
d in
the
eval
uatio
n of
pes
ticid
es fo
r wat
er.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Acu
te fi
sh a
nd
inve
rtebr
ate
toxi
city
val
ues w
ere
mul
tiplie
d by
a le
vel o
f con
cern
(LO
C) o
f 0.5
to b
e co
mpa
rabl
e in
val
ue to
Offi
ce o
f Pes
ticid
e Pr
ogra
ms a
quat
ic-li
fe b
ench
mar
ks. A
bbre
viat
ions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
OW
, chr
onic
OW
NRW
QC
; CA
S, C
hem
ical
Abs
tract
s Ser
vice
; CA
NA
LWQ
G, C
anad
ian
Wat
er Q
ualit
y G
uide
lines
for A
quat
ic
Life
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); C
CL3
, Thi
rd C
onta
min
ant C
andi
date
Lis
t (U
SEPA
, 200
9c);
CF,
chr
onic
fish
; CI,
chro
nic
inve
rtebr
ate;
CM
AC
, Max
imum
Allo
wab
le C
on-
cent
ratio
n (H
ealth
Can
ada,
200
8); E
CO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(USE
PA, 2
009a
); EC
OTO
X, t
oxic
ity v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 201
0a);
GLW
QA
, Gre
at L
akes
Wat
er Q
ualit
y A
gree
men
t aqu
atic
-life
wat
er-q
ualit
y ob
ject
ive
(USE
PA, 1
978)
; HB
SL, H
ealth
-Bas
ed S
cree
ning
Lev
el (T
occa
lino
and
othe
rs, 2
008)
; HPV
, hi
gh p
rodu
ctio
n-vo
lum
e ch
emic
al (U
SEPA
, 200
5); M
CL,
Max
imum
Con
tam
inan
t Lev
el (U
SEPA
, 200
9d);
NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(USE
PA, 2
009e
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
SEPA
, 200
9f);
OPP
Reg
, rec
ent (
1997
–200
8) a
ctiv
e in
gred
ient
regi
stra
tion
with
USE
PA (U
SEPA
, 200
9b);
OPP
tox,
toxi
city
val
ue fr
om O
PP re
regi
stra
-tio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); O
W N
RWQ
C, O
ffice
of W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he p
rote
ctio
n of
aqu
atic
life
(USE
PA, 2
002)
; PH
BSL
, Pro
visi
onal
Hea
lth-B
ased
Sc
reen
ing
Leve
l; SF
IREG
, Sta
te F
IFR
A Is
sues
Res
earc
h an
d Ev
alua
tion
Gro
up li
st o
f pes
ticid
es o
f wat
er-q
ualit
y co
ncer
n (A
ssoc
iatio
n of
Am
eric
an P
estic
ide
Con
trol O
ffici
als,
2005
); U
CM
R, U
nreg
ulat
ed
Con
tam
inan
t Mon
itorin
g R
egul
atio
n (U
SEPA
, 200
6); U
SEPA
, U.S
. Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy;
USG
S, U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey
aqua
tic-li
fe b
ench
mar
k de
term
ined
usi
ng O
PP m
etho
ds a
nd to
xici
ty d
ata
(USE
PA, 2
010b
); µg
/L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; –,
non
e]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pe
stic
ide
ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sele
cted
aq
uatic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
/sou
rce
of
aqua
tic-l
ife
benc
hmar
k
Hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
hum
an-h
ealth
be
nchm
ark
Oth
er
agen
cy
prio
ritie
s
Trifl
oxys
ulfu
ron
2903
32-1
0-4
Her
bici
de3
NAV
NAV
NAV
NAV
–Tr
iflum
izol
e99
387-
89-0
Fung
icid
e3
1,03
4A
I EC
OSA
RN
AVN
AV–
Trifl
usul
furo
n12
6535
-15-
7H
erbi
cide
311
CF
ECO
SAR
20H
BSL
–Tr
iforin
e26
644-
46-2
Fung
icid
e3
10,7
00A
F EC
OTO
XN
AVN
AV–
Trim
etha
carb
1240
7-86
-2In
sect
icid
e/m
ollu
scic
ide/
do
g an
d ca
trepe
llent
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Trin
exap
ac95
266-
40-3
Her
bici
de/p
lant
gro
wth
re
gula
tor
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
Trith
ion
786-
19-6
Inse
ctic
ide/
acar
icid
e3
0.60
AI E
CO
TOX
NAV
NAV
–U
nico
nazo
le83
657-
17-4
Plan
t gro
wth
regu
lato
r3
3,40
0A
F EC
OTO
XN
AVN
AV–
Vern
olat
e19
29-7
7-7
Her
bici
de3
NAV
NAV
7H
BSL
–Zi
neb
1212
2-67
-7Fu
ngic
ide
3N
AVN
AVN
AVN
AV–
1 Dic
ofol
was
eva
luat
ed u
sing
an
aqua
tic-li
fe (A
L) b
ench
mar
k ba
sed
on a
USE
PA O
PP c
hron
ic fi
sh to
xici
ty v
alue
of 1
µg/
L, re
sulti
ng in
an
AL
benc
hmar
k qu
otie
nt (B
Q) f
or p
redi
cted
con
cent
ratio
ns in
st
ream
s gre
ater
than
0.0
1. N
ewly
rele
ased
OPP
AL
benc
hmar
ks (S
epte
mbe
r 201
0) in
clud
e a
chro
nic
fish
benc
hmar
k of
4.4
µg/
L. T
he re
sulti
ng B
Q u
sing
the
new
ben
chm
ark
is le
ss th
an 0
.01.
Bec
ause
this
is th
e on
ly re
ason
dic
ofol
was
pla
ced
in T
ier 1
, its
prio
rity
wou
ld h
ave
been
low
er (T
ier 3
) if t
he u
pdat
ed b
ench
mar
ks h
ad b
een
avai
labl
e w
hen
the
prio
ritiz
atio
n w
as p
erfo
rmed
.2 E
ndot
hall
was
eva
luat
ed u
sing
an
AL
benc
hmar
k ba
sed
on a
USE
PA O
PP a
cute
non
-vas
cula
r pla
nt to
xici
ty v
alue
of 1
.9 µ
g/L,
resu
lting
in a
n A
L B
Q fo
r pre
dict
ed c
once
ntra
tions
in st
ream
s gre
ater
than
0.
01. N
ewly
rele
ased
OPP
AL
benc
hmar
ks (S
epte
mbe
r 201
0) in
clud
e a
chro
nic
fish
benc
hmar
k of
1,3
00 µ
g/L
for e
ndot
hall
acid
(how
ever
ther
e ar
e lo
wer
ben
chm
ark
valu
es fo
r oth
er fo
rmul
atio
ns o
f end
otha
ll,
incl
udin
g a
chro
nic
inve
rtebr
ate
benc
hmar
k of
2.3
µg/
L fo
r the
DM
A sa
lt). T
he re
sulti
ng B
Q u
sing
the
new
ben
chm
ark
for e
ndot
hall
is le
ss th
an 0
.01.
Bec
ause
this
is th
e on
ly re
ason
end
otha
ll w
as p
lace
d in
Tie
r 1,
its p
riorit
y w
ould
hav
e be
en lo
wer
(Tie
r 2 b
ecau
se it
has
an
MC
L fo
r drin
king
wat
er) i
f the
upd
ated
ben
chm
arks
had
bee
n av
aila
ble
whe
n th
e pr
iorit
izat
ion
was
per
form
ed.
3 Flu
mic
lora
c w
as e
valu
ated
usi
ng a
n A
L be
nchm
ark
base
d on
a c
hron
ic fi
sh to
xici
ty v
alue
of 1
.49
µg/L
, est
imat
ed fr
om E
CO
SAR
, res
ultin
g in
an
AL
BQ
for p
redi
cted
con
cent
ratio
ns in
stre
ams g
reat
er th
an
0.01
. New
ly re
leas
ed O
PP A
L be
nchm
arks
(Sep
tem
ber 2
010)
incl
ude
an a
cute
fish
ben
chm
ark
of 5
50 µ
g/L
for fl
umic
lora
c-pe
ntyl
. The
resu
lting
BQ
usi
ng th
e ne
w b
ench
mar
k is
less
than
0.0
1. B
ecau
se th
is is
th
e on
ly re
ason
flum
iclo
rac
was
pla
ced
in T
ier 1
, its
prio
rity
wou
ld h
ave
been
low
er (T
ier 3
) if t
he u
pdat
ed b
ench
mar
ks h
ad b
een
avai
labl
e w
hen
the
prio
ritiz
atio
n w
as p
erfo
rmed
.4 N
ewly
rele
ased
OPP
AL
benc
hmar
ks (S
epte
mbe
r 201
0) in
clud
e ne
w o
r rev
ised
ben
chm
arks
for 6
com
poun
ds in
Tie
r 2 (o
rthos
ulfa
mur
on, s
ulfe
ntra
zone
and
tebu
feno
zide
) or T
ier 3
(but
ylat
e, la
ctof
en a
nd
pyrip
roxi
fena
n). I
f the
upd
ated
ben
chm
arks
had
bee
n av
aila
ble
whe
n th
e pr
iorit
izat
ion
was
per
form
ed, t
hese
com
poun
ds w
ould
hav
e be
en p
lace
d in
Tie
r 1 o
n th
e ba
sis o
f pre
dict
ed c
once
ntra
tions
in st
ream
s. B
ecau
se o
f thi
s, th
ese
com
poun
ds w
ere
adde
d to
the
list o
f pes
ticid
e co
mpo
unds
USG
S is
eva
luat
ing
for i
nclu
sion
in a
naly
tical
met
hods
.
114 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods Development
References Cited, Appendix 3
Association of American Pesticide Control Officials, 2005, State Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) Issues Research and Evaluation Group’s (SFIREG) State List of Pesticides of Water Quality Concern. Available at http://www.epa.gov/compliance/resources/policies/state/grants/fifra/08-10-appendix11.pdf appendix 11 of http://www.epa.gov/compliance/state/grants/fifra.html
Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment, 2007, Canadian water quality guidelines for the protection of aquatic life: Summary table, Update 7.1: Canadian Coun-cil of Ministers of the Environment, December 2007, 9 p. Available at http://www.ccme.ca/assets/pdf/aql_summary_7.1_en.pdf
Health Canada, 2008, Guidelines for Canadian drinking water quality, summary table, maximum acceptable concentra-tions: Health Canada, Federal-Provincial-Territorial Com-mittee on Drinking Water (CDW), May 2008, 14 p.
Toccalino, P.L., Norman, J.E., Booth, N.L., and Zogorski, J.S., 2008, Health-based screening levels: A tool for evaluating what water-quality data may mean to human health: U.S. Geological Survey, National Water-Quality Assessment Program, updated April 10, 2008, accessed August 2009, at http://water.usgs.gov/nawqa/HBSL/
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1978, Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement, Annex 1–Specific objectives, accessed August, 2009, at http://www.epa.gov/glnpo/glwqa/1978/annex.html
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2002, National recom-mended water quality criteria 2002: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, EPA-822-R-02-047, November 2002, 36 p. Available at http://water.epa.gov/scitech/swguidance/standards/upload/2008_04_29_criteria_wqctable_nrwqc-2002.pdf
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2005, The HPV volun-tary challenge chemical list: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics, updated May 5, 2005, accessed November 10, 2005, at http://www.epa.gov/hpv/pubs/general/hpvcolst.htm
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2006, Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule 2 (UCMR 2): U.S. Envi-ronmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, December 20, 2006, accessed August, 2009, at http://water.epa.gov/lawsregs/rulesregs/sdwa/ucmr/ucmr2/index.cfm
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2009a, EPI Suite™ Version 4.0: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics and Syracuse Research Corporation. Available at http://www.epa.gov/oppt/exposure/pubs/episuite.htm
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2009b, Fact Sheets on New Active Ingredients: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Pesticide Programs, accessed August, 2009, at http://www.epa.gov/opprd001/factsheets/index.htm
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2009c, Final contami-nant candidate list 3 chemicals: classification of the PCCL to CCL: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, EPA 815-R-09-008, August 2009, 121 p. Available at http://water.epa.gov/scitech/drinkingwater/dws/ccl/upload/CCL3_PCCLtoCCL_08-31-09_508.pdf
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2009d, National primary drinking water regulations, list of contaminants and their MCLs: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, May 2009, 6 p. Available at http://water.epa.gov/drink/contaminants/index.cfm and http://water.epa.gov/drink/contaminants/upload/mcl-2.pdf
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2009e, Office of Pesticide Programs’ aquatic-life benchmarks (freshwater): U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Pesticide Programs, updated April 9, 2009, accessed May 2010, at http://www.epa.gov/oppefed1/ecorisk_ders/aquatic_life_benchmark.htm
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2009f, Pesticide ecotoxicity database, version April 10, 2009: U.S. Environ-mental Protection Agency, Office of Pesticide Programs, last accessed January 22, 2010, at http://www.ipmcenters.org/Ecotox/index.cfm
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010a, ECOTOXicology Database System, Version 4.0: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development and the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory’s Mid-Continent Ecology Divi-sion, last accessed May 2010, at http://www.epa.gov/ecotox/
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010b, Pesticide re-registration status: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Pesticide Programs, accessed 2007–2009, at http://www.epa.gov/oppsrrd1/reregistration/status.htm
Appendix 4. 115
Appendix 4.
Aquatic-Life Benchmarks or Toxicity Values With Resulting Aquatic-Life Toxicity Bins and Available Sediment Benchmarks Used in the Evaluation of Pesticides for Sediment
116 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
4–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
arks
or t
oxic
ity v
alue
s w
ith re
sulti
ng A
quat
ic-L
ife T
oxic
ity B
ins
and
avai
labl
e se
dim
ent b
ench
mar
ks u
sed
in th
e ev
alua
tion
of p
estic
ides
for
sedi
men
t.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Sed
imen
t scr
eeni
ng
valu
es sh
own
are
the
low
est o
f the
ava
ilabl
e so
urce
s. Pe
stic
ide
com
poun
ds w
ere
dete
rmin
ed to
exc
eed
a be
nchm
ark
if co
ncen
tratio
ns a
t mor
e th
an 5
per
cent
of s
ites e
xcee
d th
e up
per s
cree
ning
val
ue. A
bbre
via-
tions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
F, c
hron
ic fi
sh; C
I, ch
roni
c in
verte
brat
e; C
OW
, chr
onic
Offi
ce o
f W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he P
rote
ctio
n of
Aqu
atic
Life
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
2); D
F >1
0 %
, ben
chm
ark
com
paris
on n
ot a
pplic
able
bec
ause
com
poun
d ha
s det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy
>10
perc
ent (
Tier
1);
ECO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
9a);
ECO
TOX
, tox
icity
va
lue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010a
); ES
G, e
quili
briu
m-p
artit
ioni
ng se
dim
ent g
uide
line
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
4); I
SQG
, int
erim
se
dim
ent-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2002
); N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
NIA
, no
info
rmat
ion
avai
labl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(U.S
Env
i-ro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009b
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009c
); O
PP to
x, to
xici
ty v
alue
from
OPP
rere
gist
ratio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); PE
C, p
roba
ble
effe
ct c
once
ntra
tion
(Mac
Don
ald
and
othe
rs, 2
000)
; PEL
, pro
babl
e ef
fect
leve
l (C
anad
ian
Cou
ncil
of M
inis
ters
of t
he E
nviro
nmen
t, 20
02);
SQ
G, s
edim
ent q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine;
SQ
SV, s
edim
ent-q
ualit
y sc
reen
ing
valu
e (L
opes
and
Fur
long
, 200
1); S
W, s
alt w
ater
; TEC
, thr
esho
ld e
ffect
con
cent
ratio
n (M
acD
onal
d an
d ot
hers
, 200
0); U
SEPA
, U.S
. En
viro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y; U
SGS,
U.S
. Geo
logi
cal S
urve
y aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
ark
dete
rmin
ed u
sing
OPP
met
hods
and
toxi
city
dat
a (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); W
QG
, wat
er-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); >,
gre
ater
than
; μg/
g O
C, m
icro
gram
per
gra
m o
rgan
ic c
arbo
n; μ
g/kg
DW
, mic
rogr
am p
er k
ilogr
am d
ry w
eigh
t; μg
/L, m
icro
gram
per
lite
r; –,
non
e; %
, per
cent
]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sedi
men
t ben
chm
arks
Aqu
atic
-life
toxi
city
Upp
er; l
ower
se
dim
ent
scre
enin
g va
lues
, un
its
Type
of
scre
enin
g va
lue
Exce
eds
benc
hmar
k?
Aqu
atic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
benc
hmar
k
Aqu
atic
-life
to
xici
ty b
in
(1,2
,3 o
r NIA
)
1,3-
Dic
arba
moy
l-2,4
,5,6
- te
trach
loro
benz
ene
NAV
Deg
rada
te1
––
–N
AVN
AVN
IA
1-C
arba
moy
l-3-c
yano
-4-
hydr
oxy-
2,5,
6-tri
chlo
robe
nzen
eN
AVD
egra
date
1–
––
NAV
NAV
NIA
2-(4
-tert-
buty
lphe
noxy
)-C
yclo
hexa
nol
1942
-71-
8D
egra
date
1–
––
98C
F EC
OSA
R2
2,6-
Die
thyl
anili
ne57
9-66
-8D
egra
date
1–
––
7,81
2A
I EC
OTO
X2
2-([
2-Et
hyl-6
-met
hylp
heny
l] am
ino)
-1-p
ropa
nol
6152
0-53
-4D
egra
date
1–
––
NAV
NAV
NIA
2-C
hlor
o-2,
6-di
ethy
lace
tani
lide
6967
-29-
9D
egra
date
1–
––
NAV
NAV
NIA
2-ch
loro
-N-(
2-et
hyl-6
-met
hylp
heny
l)ac
etam
ide
(Ace
toch
lor/M
etol
achl
or,
seco
ndar
y am
ide)
3242
8-71
-0D
egra
date
1–
––
NAV
NAV
NIA
2-H
ydro
xyat
razi
ne21
63-6
8-0
Deg
rada
te1
––
–1,
500
AF
OPP
23,
4-D
ichl
oroa
nilin
e95
-76-
1D
egra
date
1–
––
1.7
AI E
CO
TOX
13,
5-D
ichl
oroa
nilin
e62
6-43
-7D
egra
date
1–
––
18C
I EC
OSA
R2
3-Ph
enox
yben
zoic
aci
d37
39-3
8-6
Deg
rada
te1
––
–6,
650
AF
OPP
tox
23-
Phen
oxyb
enzy
l alc
ohol
1382
6-35
-2D
egra
date
1–
––
587
AI E
CO
SAR
24-
(Hyd
roxy
met
hyl)p
endi
met
halin
5675
0-76
-6D
egra
date
1–
––
NAV
NAV
NIA
4,4′
-Dic
hlor
oben
zoph
enon
e90
-98-
2D
egra
date
1–
––
171
CF
ECO
SAR
2
Tabl
e 4–
1.
Aqua
tic-li
fe b
ench
mar
ks o
r tox
icity
val
ues
with
resu
lting
Aqu
atic
-Life
Tox
icity
Bin
s an
d av
aila
ble
sedi
men
t ben
chm
arks
use
d in
the
eval
uatio
n of
pes
ticid
es fo
r se
dim
ent.
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Sed
imen
t sc
reen
ing
valu
es sh
own
are
the
low
est o
f the
ava
ilabl
e so
urce
s. Pe
stic
ide
com
poun
ds w
ere
dete
rmin
ed to
exc
eed
a be
nchm
ark
if co
ncen
tratio
ns a
t mor
e th
an 5
per
cent
of s
ites e
xcee
d th
e up
per s
cree
ning
val
ue.
Abb
revi
atio
ns: A
F, a
cute
fish
; AI,
acut
e in
verte
brat
e; A
NV
P, a
cute
non
-vas
cula
r pla
nt; A
VP,
acu
te v
ascu
lar p
lant
; CA
S, C
hem
ical
Abs
tract
s Ser
vice
; CF,
chr
onic
fish
; CI,
chro
nic
inve
rtebr
ate;
C O
W, c
hron
ic
Offi
ce o
f Wat
er N
atio
nal R
ecom
men
ded
Wat
er Q
ualit
y C
riter
ia fo
r the
Pro
tect
ion
of A
quat
ic L
ife (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
002)
; DF
>10
%, b
ench
mar
k co
mpa
rison
not
app
licab
le b
ecau
se
com
poun
d ha
s det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy
>10
perc
ent (
Tier
1);
ECO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
9a);
ECO
TOX
, to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010a
); ES
G, e
quili
briu
m-p
artit
ioni
ng se
dim
ent g
uide
line
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
4); I
SQG
, in
terim
sedi
men
t-qua
lity
guid
elin
e (C
anad
ian
Cou
ncil
of M
inis
ters
of t
he E
nviro
nmen
t, 20
02);
NAV
, not
ava
ilabl
e; N
IA, n
o in
form
atio
n av
aila
ble;
OPP
, Offi
ce o
f Pes
ticid
e Pr
ogra
ms a
quat
ic-li
fe b
ench
mar
k (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009b
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009c
); O
PP to
x, to
xici
ty v
alue
from
OPP
rere
gist
ratio
n de
cisi
on
docu
men
ts (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); PE
C, p
roba
ble
effe
ct c
once
ntra
tion
(Mac
Don
ald
and
othe
rs, 2
000)
; PEL
, pro
babl
e ef
fect
leve
l (C
anad
ian
Cou
ncil
of M
inis
ters
of t
he E
nviro
nmen
t, 20
02);
SQG
, sed
imen
t qua
lity
guid
elin
e; S
QSV
, sed
imen
t-qua
lity
scre
enin
g va
lue
(Lop
es a
nd F
urlo
ng, 2
001)
; SW
, sal
t wat
er; T
EC, t
hres
hold
effe
ct c
once
ntra
tion
(Mac
Don
ald
and
othe
rs, 2
000)
; USE
PA, U
.S.
Envi
ronm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy;
USG
S, U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey
aqua
tic-li
fe b
ench
mar
k de
term
ined
usi
ng O
PP m
etho
ds a
nd to
xici
ty d
ata
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
201
0b);
WQ
G, w
ater
-qua
lity
guid
elin
e (C
anad
ian
Cou
ncil
of M
inis
ters
of t
he E
nviro
nmen
t, 20
07);
>, g
reat
er th
an; μ
g/g
OC
, mic
rogr
am p
er g
ram
org
anic
car
bon;
μg/
kg D
W, m
icro
gram
per
kilo
gram
dry
wei
ght;
μg/L
, mic
rogr
am p
er li
ter;
–, n
one;
%, p
erce
nt]
Appendix 4. 117Ta
ble
4–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
arks
or t
oxic
ity v
alue
s w
ith re
sulti
ng A
quat
ic-L
ife T
oxic
ity B
ins
and
avai
labl
e se
dim
ent b
ench
mar
ks u
sed
in th
e ev
alua
tion
of p
estic
ides
for
sedi
men
t.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Sed
imen
t scr
eeni
ng
valu
es sh
own
are
the
low
est o
f the
ava
ilabl
e so
urce
s. Pe
stic
ide
com
poun
ds w
ere
dete
rmin
ed to
exc
eed
a be
nchm
ark
if co
ncen
tratio
ns a
t mor
e th
an 5
per
cent
of s
ites e
xcee
d th
e up
per s
cree
ning
val
ue. A
bbre
via-
tions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
F, c
hron
ic fi
sh; C
I, ch
roni
c in
verte
brat
e; C
OW
, chr
onic
Offi
ce o
f W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he P
rote
ctio
n of
Aqu
atic
Life
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
2); D
F >1
0 %
, ben
chm
ark
com
paris
on n
ot a
pplic
able
bec
ause
com
poun
d ha
s det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy
>10
perc
ent (
Tier
1);
ECO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
9a);
ECO
TOX
, tox
icity
va
lue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010a
); ES
G, e
quili
briu
m-p
artit
ioni
ng se
dim
ent g
uide
line
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
4); I
SQG
, int
erim
se
dim
ent-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2002
); N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
NIA
, no
info
rmat
ion
avai
labl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(U.S
Env
i-ro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009b
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009c
); O
PP to
x, to
xici
ty v
alue
from
OPP
rere
gist
ratio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); PE
C, p
roba
ble
effe
ct c
once
ntra
tion
(Mac
Don
ald
and
othe
rs, 2
000)
; PEL
, pro
babl
e ef
fect
leve
l (C
anad
ian
Cou
ncil
of M
inis
ters
of t
he E
nviro
nmen
t, 20
02);
SQ
G, s
edim
ent q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine;
SQ
SV, s
edim
ent-q
ualit
y sc
reen
ing
valu
e (L
opes
and
Fur
long
, 200
1); S
W, s
alt w
ater
; TEC
, thr
esho
ld e
ffect
con
cent
ratio
n (M
acD
onal
d an
d ot
hers
, 200
0); U
SEPA
, U.S
. En
viro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y; U
SGS,
U.S
. Geo
logi
cal S
urve
y aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
ark
dete
rmin
ed u
sing
OPP
met
hods
and
toxi
city
dat
a (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); W
QG
, wat
er-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); >,
gre
ater
than
; μg/
g O
C, m
icro
gram
per
gra
m o
rgan
ic c
arbo
n; μ
g/kg
DW
, mic
rogr
am p
er k
ilogr
am d
ry w
eigh
t; μg
/L, m
icro
gram
per
lite
r; –,
non
e; %
, per
cent
]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sedi
men
t ben
chm
arks
Aqu
atic
-life
toxi
city
Upp
er; l
ower
se
dim
ent
scre
enin
g va
lues
, un
its
Type
of
scre
enin
g va
lue
Exce
eds
benc
hmar
k?
Aqu
atic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
benc
hmar
k
Aqu
atic
-life
to
xici
ty b
in
(1,2
,3 o
r NIA
)
4-H
ydro
xy-2
,5,6
- tri
chlo
rois
opht
halo
nitri
leN
AVD
egra
date
1–
––
NAV
NAV
NIA
Ala
chlo
r15
972-
60-8
Her
bici
de1
––
–1.
64A
NV
P O
PP1
Ala
chlo
r eth
ane
sulfo
nic
acid
(ESA
), se
cond
ary
amid
eN
AVD
egra
date
1–
––
NAV
NAV
NIA
Ala
chlo
r sul
fyni
lace
tic a
cid
(SA
A)
1409
39-1
6-8
Deg
rada
te1
––
–N
AVN
AVN
IAA
ldrin
309-
00-2
Inse
ctic
ide
1–
––
1.5
C O
W1
Alle
thrin
584-
79-2
Inse
ctic
ide
1–
––
1.3
AF
ECO
TOX
1al
pha-
Endo
sulfa
n95
9-98
-8In
sect
icid
e1
0.74
; 0.2
9,μg
/g O
CTi
er 1
; Tie
r 2
(USE
PA E
SG)
NAV
, D
F>10
%–
––
alph
a-H
CH
(a
lpha
-Hex
achl
oroc
yclo
hexa
ne)
319-
84-6
Inse
ctic
ide
mix
-tu
re c
ompo
nent
, by
-pro
duct
, de
grad
ate
1–
––
400
AI E
CO
TOX
2
Am
inom
ethy
lpho
spho
nic
acid
1066
-51-
9D
egra
date
1–
––
249,
500
AF
OPP
3A
trazi
ne19
12-2
4-9
Her
bici
de1
––
–1
AN
VP
OPP
1B
enflu
ralin
1861
-40-
1H
erbi
cide
1–
––
1.9
CF
OPP
1B
enom
yl17
804-
35-2
Fung
icid
e1
––
–2.
8A
F EC
OTO
X1
Ben
sulid
e74
1-58
-2H
erbi
cide
1–
––
290
AI O
PP2
Ben
zyla
deni
ne12
14-3
9-7
Plan
t gro
wth
re
gula
tor
1–
––
10,2
50A
I EC
OTO
X2
118 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
4–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
arks
or t
oxic
ity v
alue
s w
ith re
sulti
ng A
quat
ic-L
ife T
oxic
ity B
ins
and
avai
labl
e se
dim
ent b
ench
mar
ks u
sed
in th
e ev
alua
tion
of p
estic
ides
for
sedi
men
t.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Sed
imen
t scr
eeni
ng
valu
es sh
own
are
the
low
est o
f the
ava
ilabl
e so
urce
s. Pe
stic
ide
com
poun
ds w
ere
dete
rmin
ed to
exc
eed
a be
nchm
ark
if co
ncen
tratio
ns a
t mor
e th
an 5
per
cent
of s
ites e
xcee
d th
e up
per s
cree
ning
val
ue. A
bbre
via-
tions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
F, c
hron
ic fi
sh; C
I, ch
roni
c in
verte
brat
e; C
OW
, chr
onic
Offi
ce o
f W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he P
rote
ctio
n of
Aqu
atic
Life
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
2); D
F >1
0 %
, ben
chm
ark
com
paris
on n
ot a
pplic
able
bec
ause
com
poun
d ha
s det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy
>10
perc
ent (
Tier
1);
ECO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
9a);
ECO
TOX
, tox
icity
va
lue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010a
); ES
G, e
quili
briu
m-p
artit
ioni
ng se
dim
ent g
uide
line
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
4); I
SQG
, int
erim
se
dim
ent-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2002
); N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
NIA
, no
info
rmat
ion
avai
labl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(U.S
Env
i-ro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009b
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009c
); O
PP to
x, to
xici
ty v
alue
from
OPP
rere
gist
ratio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); PE
C, p
roba
ble
effe
ct c
once
ntra
tion
(Mac
Don
ald
and
othe
rs, 2
000)
; PEL
, pro
babl
e ef
fect
leve
l (C
anad
ian
Cou
ncil
of M
inis
ters
of t
he E
nviro
nmen
t, 20
02);
SQ
G, s
edim
ent q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine;
SQ
SV, s
edim
ent-q
ualit
y sc
reen
ing
valu
e (L
opes
and
Fur
long
, 200
1); S
W, s
alt w
ater
; TEC
, thr
esho
ld e
ffect
con
cent
ratio
n (M
acD
onal
d an
d ot
hers
, 200
0); U
SEPA
, U.S
. En
viro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y; U
SGS,
U.S
. Geo
logi
cal S
urve
y aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
ark
dete
rmin
ed u
sing
OPP
met
hods
and
toxi
city
dat
a (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); W
QG
, wat
er-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); >,
gre
ater
than
; μg/
g O
C, m
icro
gram
per
gra
m o
rgan
ic c
arbo
n; μ
g/kg
DW
, mic
rogr
am p
er k
ilogr
am d
ry w
eigh
t; μg
/L, m
icro
gram
per
lite
r; –,
non
e; %
, per
cent
]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sedi
men
t ben
chm
arks
Aqu
atic
-life
toxi
city
Upp
er; l
ower
se
dim
ent
scre
enin
g va
lues
, un
its
Type
of
scre
enin
g va
lue
Exce
eds
benc
hmar
k?
Aqu
atic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
benc
hmar
k
Aqu
atic
-life
to
xici
ty b
in
(1,2
,3 o
r NIA
)
beta
-End
osul
fan
3321
3-65
-9In
sect
icid
e1
3.5;
1.4
,μg
/g O
CTi
er 1
; Tie
r 2
(USE
PA E
SG)
No
0.2
CF
OPP
tox
1
beta
-HC
H31
9-85
-7In
sect
icid
e m
ix-
ture
com
pone
nt,
by-p
rodu
ct,
degr
adat
e
1–
––
550
AF
ECO
TOX
2
Bife
nthr
in82
657-
04-3
Inse
ctic
ide
1–
––
0.07
5A
F EC
OTO
X1
Bro
muc
onaz
ole
1162
55-4
8-2
Fung
icid
e1
––
–53
AN
VP
ECO
TOX
1
Bup
rofe
zin
6932
7-76
-0In
sect
icid
e1
––
–4
CF
ECO
SAR
1B
utra
lin33
629-
47-9
Her
bici
de1
––
–3
CF
ECO
SAR
1C
hlor
dane
57-7
4-9
Inse
ctic
ide
18.
87; 3
.24,
µg/k
g D
WPE
L (C
anad
a-
Inte
rim S
QG
);
TEC
(con
sen-
sus-
ba
sed
SQG
, M
acD
onal
d)
NAV
, D
F>10
%–
––
Chl
orot
halo
nil
1897
-45-
6Fu
ngic
ide
1–
––
0.6
CI O
PP1
Chl
orpy
rifos
2921
-88-
2In
sect
icid
e1
––
–0.
04C
I OPP
1
Appendix 4. 119Ta
ble
4–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
arks
or t
oxic
ity v
alue
s w
ith re
sulti
ng A
quat
ic-L
ife T
oxic
ity B
ins
and
avai
labl
e se
dim
ent b
ench
mar
ks u
sed
in th
e ev
alua
tion
of p
estic
ides
for
sedi
men
t.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Sed
imen
t scr
eeni
ng
valu
es sh
own
are
the
low
est o
f the
ava
ilabl
e so
urce
s. Pe
stic
ide
com
poun
ds w
ere
dete
rmin
ed to
exc
eed
a be
nchm
ark
if co
ncen
tratio
ns a
t mor
e th
an 5
per
cent
of s
ites e
xcee
d th
e up
per s
cree
ning
val
ue. A
bbre
via-
tions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
F, c
hron
ic fi
sh; C
I, ch
roni
c in
verte
brat
e; C
OW
, chr
onic
Offi
ce o
f W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he P
rote
ctio
n of
Aqu
atic
Life
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
2); D
F >1
0 %
, ben
chm
ark
com
paris
on n
ot a
pplic
able
bec
ause
com
poun
d ha
s det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy
>10
perc
ent (
Tier
1);
ECO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
9a);
ECO
TOX
, tox
icity
va
lue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010a
); ES
G, e
quili
briu
m-p
artit
ioni
ng se
dim
ent g
uide
line
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
4); I
SQG
, int
erim
se
dim
ent-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2002
); N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
NIA
, no
info
rmat
ion
avai
labl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(U.S
Env
i-ro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009b
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009c
); O
PP to
x, to
xici
ty v
alue
from
OPP
rere
gist
ratio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); PE
C, p
roba
ble
effe
ct c
once
ntra
tion
(Mac
Don
ald
and
othe
rs, 2
000)
; PEL
, pro
babl
e ef
fect
leve
l (C
anad
ian
Cou
ncil
of M
inis
ters
of t
he E
nviro
nmen
t, 20
02);
SQ
G, s
edim
ent q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine;
SQ
SV, s
edim
ent-q
ualit
y sc
reen
ing
valu
e (L
opes
and
Fur
long
, 200
1); S
W, s
alt w
ater
; TEC
, thr
esho
ld e
ffect
con
cent
ratio
n (M
acD
onal
d an
d ot
hers
, 200
0); U
SEPA
, U.S
. En
viro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y; U
SGS,
U.S
. Geo
logi
cal S
urve
y aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
ark
dete
rmin
ed u
sing
OPP
met
hods
and
toxi
city
dat
a (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); W
QG
, wat
er-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); >,
gre
ater
than
; μg/
g O
C, m
icro
gram
per
gra
m o
rgan
ic c
arbo
n; μ
g/kg
DW
, mic
rogr
am p
er k
ilogr
am d
ry w
eigh
t; μg
/L, m
icro
gram
per
lite
r; –,
non
e; %
, per
cent
]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sedi
men
t ben
chm
arks
Aqu
atic
-life
toxi
city
Upp
er; l
ower
se
dim
ent
scre
enin
g va
lues
, un
its
Type
of
scre
enin
g va
lue
Exce
eds
benc
hmar
k?
Aqu
atic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
benc
hmar
k
Aqu
atic
-life
to
xici
ty b
in
(1,2
,3 o
r NIA
)
cis-
Chl
orda
ne51
03-7
1-9
Inse
ctic
ide
18.
87; 3
.24,
µg/k
g D
WPE
L - c
hlor
dane
(C
anad
a-
Inte
rim S
QG
);
TEC
- chl
orda
ne
(con
sens
us-
base
d SQ
G,
Mac
Don
ald)
NAV
, D
F>10
%–
––
cis-
Met
hyl-3
-(2,
2-di
chlo
rovi
nyl)-
2,
2-di
met
hyl-(
1-cy
clop
ropa
ne)-
carb
oxyl
ate
c618
98-9
5-1
Deg
rada
te1
––
–N
AVN
AVN
IA
cis-
Non
achl
or51
03-7
3-1
Inse
ctic
ide;
co
mpo
nent
of
tota
l chl
orda
ne,
by-p
rodu
ct
of te
chni
cal
chlo
rdan
e
1–
––
––
–
cis-
Perm
ethr
in61
949-
76-6
Inse
ctic
ide
1–
––
0.00
14C
I OPP
1ci
s-Pr
opic
onaz
ole
c602
07-9
0-1
Fung
icid
e1
––
–93
AN
VP
OPP
(p
ropi
cona
zole
)2
Clo
fent
ezin
e74
115-
24-5
Inse
ctic
ide
1–
––
4,54
8C
I EC
OSA
R2
120 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
4–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
arks
or t
oxic
ity v
alue
s w
ith re
sulti
ng A
quat
ic-L
ife T
oxic
ity B
ins
and
avai
labl
e se
dim
ent b
ench
mar
ks u
sed
in th
e ev
alua
tion
of p
estic
ides
for
sedi
men
t.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Sed
imen
t scr
eeni
ng
valu
es sh
own
are
the
low
est o
f the
ava
ilabl
e so
urce
s. Pe
stic
ide
com
poun
ds w
ere
dete
rmin
ed to
exc
eed
a be
nchm
ark
if co
ncen
tratio
ns a
t mor
e th
an 5
per
cent
of s
ites e
xcee
d th
e up
per s
cree
ning
val
ue. A
bbre
via-
tions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
F, c
hron
ic fi
sh; C
I, ch
roni
c in
verte
brat
e; C
OW
, chr
onic
Offi
ce o
f W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he P
rote
ctio
n of
Aqu
atic
Life
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
2); D
F >1
0 %
, ben
chm
ark
com
paris
on n
ot a
pplic
able
bec
ause
com
poun
d ha
s det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy
>10
perc
ent (
Tier
1);
ECO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
9a);
ECO
TOX
, tox
icity
va
lue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010a
); ES
G, e
quili
briu
m-p
artit
ioni
ng se
dim
ent g
uide
line
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
4); I
SQG
, int
erim
se
dim
ent-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2002
); N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
NIA
, no
info
rmat
ion
avai
labl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(U.S
Env
i-ro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009b
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009c
); O
PP to
x, to
xici
ty v
alue
from
OPP
rere
gist
ratio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); PE
C, p
roba
ble
effe
ct c
once
ntra
tion
(Mac
Don
ald
and
othe
rs, 2
000)
; PEL
, pro
babl
e ef
fect
leve
l (C
anad
ian
Cou
ncil
of M
inis
ters
of t
he E
nviro
nmen
t, 20
02);
SQ
G, s
edim
ent q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine;
SQ
SV, s
edim
ent-q
ualit
y sc
reen
ing
valu
e (L
opes
and
Fur
long
, 200
1); S
W, s
alt w
ater
; TEC
, thr
esho
ld e
ffect
con
cent
ratio
n (M
acD
onal
d an
d ot
hers
, 200
0); U
SEPA
, U.S
. En
viro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y; U
SGS,
U.S
. Geo
logi
cal S
urve
y aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
ark
dete
rmin
ed u
sing
OPP
met
hods
and
toxi
city
dat
a (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); W
QG
, wat
er-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); >,
gre
ater
than
; μg/
g O
C, m
icro
gram
per
gra
m o
rgan
ic c
arbo
n; μ
g/kg
DW
, mic
rogr
am p
er k
ilogr
am d
ry w
eigh
t; μg
/L, m
icro
gram
per
lite
r; –,
non
e; %
, per
cent
]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sedi
men
t ben
chm
arks
Aqu
atic
-life
toxi
city
Upp
er; l
ower
se
dim
ent
scre
enin
g va
lues
, un
its
Type
of
scre
enin
g va
lue
Exce
eds
benc
hmar
k?
Aqu
atic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
benc
hmar
k
Aqu
atic
-life
to
xici
ty b
in
(1,2
,3 o
r NIA
)
Cop
per h
ydro
xide
2042
7-59
-2Fu
ngic
ide/
m
icro
bioc
ide/
ne
mat
icid
e
1–
––
9
(cop
per)
C O
W3
Cop
per s
ulfa
te77
58-9
8-7
Fung
icid
e/
alga
ecid
e/
mol
lusc
icid
e
1–
––
9
(cop
per)
C O
W1
Cou
maf
os56
-72-
4In
sect
icid
e/
acar
icid
e1
––
–0.
0337
CF
OPP
tox
1
Cyfl
uthr
in68
359-
37-5
Inse
ctic
ide
1–
––
0.01
25A
I EC
OTO
X1
Cyh
alot
hrin
-gam
ma
7670
3-62
-3In
sect
icid
e1
––
–0.
02A
I EC
OTO
X
(lam
bda-
cy
halo
thrin
)
1
Cyh
alot
hrin
-lam
bda
9146
5-08
-6In
sect
icid
e1
––
–0.
02A
I EC
OTO
X1
Cyp
erm
ethr
in52
315-
07-8
Inse
ctic
ide
1–
––
0.06
9C
I OPP
1C
ypro
cona
zole
9436
1-06
-5Fu
ngic
ide
1–
––
9,50
0A
F EC
OTO
X2
Cyp
rodi
nil
1215
52-6
1-2
Fung
icid
e1
––
–16
AI E
CO
TOX
1C
ytok
inin
s52
5-79
-1Pl
ant g
row
th
regu
lato
r1
––
–86
4.5
AI E
CO
SAR
2
Dac
thal
1861
-32-
1H
erbi
cide
1–
––
11,0
00A
NV
P O
PP2
Dac
thal
mon
oaci
d88
7-54
-7D
egra
date
1–
––
6,11
1C
F EC
OSA
R2
Appendix 4. 121Ta
ble
4–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
arks
or t
oxic
ity v
alue
s w
ith re
sulti
ng A
quat
ic-L
ife T
oxic
ity B
ins
and
avai
labl
e se
dim
ent b
ench
mar
ks u
sed
in th
e ev
alua
tion
of p
estic
ides
for
sedi
men
t.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Sed
imen
t scr
eeni
ng
valu
es sh
own
are
the
low
est o
f the
ava
ilabl
e so
urce
s. Pe
stic
ide
com
poun
ds w
ere
dete
rmin
ed to
exc
eed
a be
nchm
ark
if co
ncen
tratio
ns a
t mor
e th
an 5
per
cent
of s
ites e
xcee
d th
e up
per s
cree
ning
val
ue. A
bbre
via-
tions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
F, c
hron
ic fi
sh; C
I, ch
roni
c in
verte
brat
e; C
OW
, chr
onic
Offi
ce o
f W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he P
rote
ctio
n of
Aqu
atic
Life
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
2); D
F >1
0 %
, ben
chm
ark
com
paris
on n
ot a
pplic
able
bec
ause
com
poun
d ha
s det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy
>10
perc
ent (
Tier
1);
ECO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
9a);
ECO
TOX
, tox
icity
va
lue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010a
); ES
G, e
quili
briu
m-p
artit
ioni
ng se
dim
ent g
uide
line
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
4); I
SQG
, int
erim
se
dim
ent-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2002
); N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
NIA
, no
info
rmat
ion
avai
labl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(U.S
Env
i-ro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009b
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009c
); O
PP to
x, to
xici
ty v
alue
from
OPP
rere
gist
ratio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); PE
C, p
roba
ble
effe
ct c
once
ntra
tion
(Mac
Don
ald
and
othe
rs, 2
000)
; PEL
, pro
babl
e ef
fect
leve
l (C
anad
ian
Cou
ncil
of M
inis
ters
of t
he E
nviro
nmen
t, 20
02);
SQ
G, s
edim
ent q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine;
SQ
SV, s
edim
ent-q
ualit
y sc
reen
ing
valu
e (L
opes
and
Fur
long
, 200
1); S
W, s
alt w
ater
; TEC
, thr
esho
ld e
ffect
con
cent
ratio
n (M
acD
onal
d an
d ot
hers
, 200
0); U
SEPA
, U.S
. En
viro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y; U
SGS,
U.S
. Geo
logi
cal S
urve
y aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
ark
dete
rmin
ed u
sing
OPP
met
hods
and
toxi
city
dat
a (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); W
QG
, wat
er-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); >,
gre
ater
than
; μg/
g O
C, m
icro
gram
per
gra
m o
rgan
ic c
arbo
n; μ
g/kg
DW
, mic
rogr
am p
er k
ilogr
am d
ry w
eigh
t; μg
/L, m
icro
gram
per
lite
r; –,
non
e; %
, per
cent
]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sedi
men
t ben
chm
arks
Aqu
atic
-life
toxi
city
Upp
er; l
ower
se
dim
ent
scre
enin
g va
lues
, un
its
Type
of
scre
enin
g va
lue
Exce
eds
benc
hmar
k?
Aqu
atic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
benc
hmar
k
Aqu
atic
-life
to
xici
ty b
in
(1,2
,3 o
r NIA
)
Dec
hlor
oala
chlo
rN
AVD
egra
date
1–
––
NAV
NAV
NIA
Dec
hlor
omet
olac
hlor
NAV
Deg
rada
te1
––
–N
AVN
AVN
IAD
eeth
ylhy
drox
yatra
zine
NAV
Deg
rada
te1
––
–N
AVN
AVN
IAD
eiso
prop
yl p
rom
etry
nN
AVD
egra
date
1–
––
NAV
NAV
NIA
delta
-HC
H31
9-86
-8In
sect
icid
e m
ix-
ture
com
pone
nt,
by-p
rodu
ct,
degr
adat
e
123
0; 1
3,μg
/g O
CTi
er 1
; Tie
r 2
(USE
PA E
SG)
NAV
, D
F>10
%42
0A
F EC
OTO
X2
Des
ulfin
ylfip
roni
l (M
B46
513)
NAV
Deg
rada
te1
––
–N
AVN
AVN
IAD
esul
finyl
fipro
nil a
mid
e (R
PA
1050
48)
NAV
Deg
rada
te1
––
–N
AVN
AVN
IA
Dia
zino
n33
3-41
-5In
sect
icid
e1
0.73
; 0.1
9,μg
/g O
CTi
er 1
; Tie
r 2
(USE
PA E
SG)
No
0.10
5A
I OPP
1
Dic
ofol
115-
32-2
Inse
ctic
ide
1–
––
1C
F O
PP to
x1
Die
ldrin
60-5
7-1
Inse
ctic
ide
16.
67; 1
.90,
µg/k
g D
WPE
L (C
anad
a -
Inte
rim S
QG
);
TEC
(con
sen-
sus-
base
d SQ
G,
Mac
Don
ald)
NAV
, D
F>10
%0.
056
C O
W1
122 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
4–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
arks
or t
oxic
ity v
alue
s w
ith re
sulti
ng A
quat
ic-L
ife T
oxic
ity B
ins
and
avai
labl
e se
dim
ent b
ench
mar
ks u
sed
in th
e ev
alua
tion
of p
estic
ides
for
sedi
men
t.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Sed
imen
t scr
eeni
ng
valu
es sh
own
are
the
low
est o
f the
ava
ilabl
e so
urce
s. Pe
stic
ide
com
poun
ds w
ere
dete
rmin
ed to
exc
eed
a be
nchm
ark
if co
ncen
tratio
ns a
t mor
e th
an 5
per
cent
of s
ites e
xcee
d th
e up
per s
cree
ning
val
ue. A
bbre
via-
tions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
F, c
hron
ic fi
sh; C
I, ch
roni
c in
verte
brat
e; C
OW
, chr
onic
Offi
ce o
f W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he P
rote
ctio
n of
Aqu
atic
Life
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
2); D
F >1
0 %
, ben
chm
ark
com
paris
on n
ot a
pplic
able
bec
ause
com
poun
d ha
s det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy
>10
perc
ent (
Tier
1);
ECO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
9a);
ECO
TOX
, tox
icity
va
lue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010a
); ES
G, e
quili
briu
m-p
artit
ioni
ng se
dim
ent g
uide
line
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
4); I
SQG
, int
erim
se
dim
ent-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2002
); N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
NIA
, no
info
rmat
ion
avai
labl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(U.S
Env
i-ro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009b
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009c
); O
PP to
x, to
xici
ty v
alue
from
OPP
rere
gist
ratio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); PE
C, p
roba
ble
effe
ct c
once
ntra
tion
(Mac
Don
ald
and
othe
rs, 2
000)
; PEL
, pro
babl
e ef
fect
leve
l (C
anad
ian
Cou
ncil
of M
inis
ters
of t
he E
nviro
nmen
t, 20
02);
SQ
G, s
edim
ent q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine;
SQ
SV, s
edim
ent-q
ualit
y sc
reen
ing
valu
e (L
opes
and
Fur
long
, 200
1); S
W, s
alt w
ater
; TEC
, thr
esho
ld e
ffect
con
cent
ratio
n (M
acD
onal
d an
d ot
hers
, 200
0); U
SEPA
, U.S
. En
viro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y; U
SGS,
U.S
. Geo
logi
cal S
urve
y aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
ark
dete
rmin
ed u
sing
OPP
met
hods
and
toxi
city
dat
a (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); W
QG
, wat
er-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); >,
gre
ater
than
; μg/
g O
C, m
icro
gram
per
gra
m o
rgan
ic c
arbo
n; μ
g/kg
DW
, mic
rogr
am p
er k
ilogr
am d
ry w
eigh
t; μg
/L, m
icro
gram
per
lite
r; –,
non
e; %
, per
cent
]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sedi
men
t ben
chm
arks
Aqu
atic
-life
toxi
city
Upp
er; l
ower
se
dim
ent
scre
enin
g va
lues
, un
its
Type
of
scre
enin
g va
lue
Exce
eds
benc
hmar
k?
Aqu
atic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
benc
hmar
k
Aqu
atic
-life
to
xici
ty b
in
(1,2
,3 o
r NIA
)
Dife
ncon
azol
e11
9446
-68-
3Fu
ngic
ide
1–
––
385
AI E
CO
TOX
2D
ifenz
oqua
t49
866-
87-7
Her
bici
de1
––
–1,
315
AI O
PP to
x2
Diq
uat
85-0
0-7
Her
bici
de1
––
–0.
0036
AVP
OPP
tox
1D
isul
foto
n29
8-04
-4In
sect
icid
e1
––
–0.
01C
I OPP
1D
ithio
pyr
9788
6-45
-8H
erbi
cide
1–
––
20A
NV
P EC
OTO
X1
Diu
ron
330-
54-1
Her
bici
de1
––
–2.
4A
NV
P O
PP1
Emam
ectin
1555
69-9
1-8
Inse
ctic
ide
1–
––
0.5
AI E
CO
TOX
1En
dosu
lfan
115-
29-7
Inse
ctic
ide
11.
4; 0
.54,
μg/g
OC
Tier
1; T
ier 2
(U
SEPA
ESG
)Se
e al
pha-
en
dosu
lfan
(D
F>10
%)
0.07
CI O
PP1
Endo
sulfa
n et
her
3369
-52-
6D
egra
date
1–
––
NAV
NAV
NIA
Endo
sulfa
n su
lfate
1031
-07-
8D
egra
date
1–
––
1.9
AF
OPP
1EP
TC (S
-Eth
yl
dipr
opyl
thio
carb
amat
e)75
9-94
-4H
erbi
cide
1–
––
810
CI O
PP2
Esfe
nval
erat
e66
230-
04-4
Inse
ctic
ide
1–
––
0.01
7C
I OPP
1Et
halfl
ural
in55
283-
68-6
Her
bici
de1
––
–0.
4C
F O
PP1
Fena
rimol
6016
8-88
-9Fu
ngic
ide
1–
––
450
AF
ECO
TOX
2Fe
nbuc
onaz
ole
1143
69-4
3-6
Fung
icid
e1
––
–34
0A
F EC
OTO
X2
Fenb
utat
in o
xide
1335
6-08
-6In
sect
icid
e1
––
–0.
75A
F O
PP to
x1
Fenp
ropa
thrin
3951
5-41
-8In
sect
icid
e1
––
–0.
265
AI E
CO
TOX
1
Appendix 4. 123Ta
ble
4–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
arks
or t
oxic
ity v
alue
s w
ith re
sulti
ng A
quat
ic-L
ife T
oxic
ity B
ins
and
avai
labl
e se
dim
ent b
ench
mar
ks u
sed
in th
e ev
alua
tion
of p
estic
ides
for
sedi
men
t.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Sed
imen
t scr
eeni
ng
valu
es sh
own
are
the
low
est o
f the
ava
ilabl
e so
urce
s. Pe
stic
ide
com
poun
ds w
ere
dete
rmin
ed to
exc
eed
a be
nchm
ark
if co
ncen
tratio
ns a
t mor
e th
an 5
per
cent
of s
ites e
xcee
d th
e up
per s
cree
ning
val
ue. A
bbre
via-
tions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
F, c
hron
ic fi
sh; C
I, ch
roni
c in
verte
brat
e; C
OW
, chr
onic
Offi
ce o
f W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he P
rote
ctio
n of
Aqu
atic
Life
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
2); D
F >1
0 %
, ben
chm
ark
com
paris
on n
ot a
pplic
able
bec
ause
com
poun
d ha
s det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy
>10
perc
ent (
Tier
1);
ECO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
9a);
ECO
TOX
, tox
icity
va
lue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010a
); ES
G, e
quili
briu
m-p
artit
ioni
ng se
dim
ent g
uide
line
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
4); I
SQG
, int
erim
se
dim
ent-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2002
); N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
NIA
, no
info
rmat
ion
avai
labl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(U.S
Env
i-ro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009b
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009c
); O
PP to
x, to
xici
ty v
alue
from
OPP
rere
gist
ratio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); PE
C, p
roba
ble
effe
ct c
once
ntra
tion
(Mac
Don
ald
and
othe
rs, 2
000)
; PEL
, pro
babl
e ef
fect
leve
l (C
anad
ian
Cou
ncil
of M
inis
ters
of t
he E
nviro
nmen
t, 20
02);
SQ
G, s
edim
ent q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine;
SQ
SV, s
edim
ent-q
ualit
y sc
reen
ing
valu
e (L
opes
and
Fur
long
, 200
1); S
W, s
alt w
ater
; TEC
, thr
esho
ld e
ffect
con
cent
ratio
n (M
acD
onal
d an
d ot
hers
, 200
0); U
SEPA
, U.S
. En
viro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y; U
SGS,
U.S
. Geo
logi
cal S
urve
y aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
ark
dete
rmin
ed u
sing
OPP
met
hods
and
toxi
city
dat
a (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); W
QG
, wat
er-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); >,
gre
ater
than
; μg/
g O
C, m
icro
gram
per
gra
m o
rgan
ic c
arbo
n; μ
g/kg
DW
, mic
rogr
am p
er k
ilogr
am d
ry w
eigh
t; μg
/L, m
icro
gram
per
lite
r; –,
non
e; %
, per
cent
]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sedi
men
t ben
chm
arks
Aqu
atic
-life
toxi
city
Upp
er; l
ower
se
dim
ent
scre
enin
g va
lues
, un
its
Type
of
scre
enin
g va
lue
Exce
eds
benc
hmar
k?
Aqu
atic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
benc
hmar
k
Aqu
atic
-life
to
xici
ty b
in
(1,2
,3 o
r NIA
)
Fenp
yrox
imat
e13
4098
-61-
6In
sect
icid
e1
––
–12
CF
ECO
SAR
2Fe
nthi
on55
-38-
9In
sect
icid
e1
––
–0.
013
CI O
PP1
Fent
hion
sulfo
ne o
xyge
n an
alog
NAV
Deg
rada
te1
––
––
––
Fent
in h
ydro
xide
(T
PTH
, Trip
heny
ltin
hydr
oxid
e)76
-87-
9Fu
ngic
ide/
m
ollu
scic
ide/
he
rbic
ide
1–
––
1.85
AF
ECO
TOX
1
Fenv
aler
ate
5163
0-58
-1In
sect
icid
e1
––
–0.
025
AI E
CO
TOX
1Fi
pron
il12
0068
-37-
3In
sect
icid
e1
––
–12
.5A
F EC
OTO
X1
Fipr
onil
sulfi
de12
0067
-83-
6D
egra
date
1–
––
NAV
NAV
NIA
Fipr
onil
sulfo
ne12
0068
-36-
2D
egra
date
1–
––
5,60
0A
I EC
OTO
X2
Flua
zina
m79
622-
59-6
Fung
icid
e1
––
–18
AF
ECO
TOX
1Fl
udio
xoni
l13
1341
-86-
1Fu
ngic
ide
1–
––
82.5
AF
ECO
SAR
2Fl
ufen
acet
1424
59-5
8-3
Her
bici
de1
––
–2,
920
AF
ECO
TOX
2Fl
ufen
acet
ESA
NAV
Deg
rada
te1
––
–N
AVN
AVN
IAFl
ufen
acet
(OA
)N
AVD
egra
date
1–
––
NAV
NAV
NIA
Flum
etra
lin62
924-
70-3
Plan
t gro
wth
re
gula
tor
1–
––
8.95
AF
ECO
TOX
1
Flut
olan
il66
332-
96-5
Fung
icid
e1
––
–1,
250
AF
ECO
TOX
2ga
mm
a-H
CH
58-8
9-9
Inse
ctic
ide
11.
38; 0
.94,
µg/k
g D
WPE
L; IS
QG
(C
anad
a -
Inte
rim S
QG
)
NAV
, D
F>10
%0.
5A
I OPP
1
124 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
4–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
arks
or t
oxic
ity v
alue
s w
ith re
sulti
ng A
quat
ic-L
ife T
oxic
ity B
ins
and
avai
labl
e se
dim
ent b
ench
mar
ks u
sed
in th
e ev
alua
tion
of p
estic
ides
for
sedi
men
t.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Sed
imen
t scr
eeni
ng
valu
es sh
own
are
the
low
est o
f the
ava
ilabl
e so
urce
s. Pe
stic
ide
com
poun
ds w
ere
dete
rmin
ed to
exc
eed
a be
nchm
ark
if co
ncen
tratio
ns a
t mor
e th
an 5
per
cent
of s
ites e
xcee
d th
e up
per s
cree
ning
val
ue. A
bbre
via-
tions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
F, c
hron
ic fi
sh; C
I, ch
roni
c in
verte
brat
e; C
OW
, chr
onic
Offi
ce o
f W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he P
rote
ctio
n of
Aqu
atic
Life
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
2); D
F >1
0 %
, ben
chm
ark
com
paris
on n
ot a
pplic
able
bec
ause
com
poun
d ha
s det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy
>10
perc
ent (
Tier
1);
ECO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
9a);
ECO
TOX
, tox
icity
va
lue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010a
); ES
G, e
quili
briu
m-p
artit
ioni
ng se
dim
ent g
uide
line
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
4); I
SQG
, int
erim
se
dim
ent-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2002
); N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
NIA
, no
info
rmat
ion
avai
labl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(U.S
Env
i-ro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009b
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009c
); O
PP to
x, to
xici
ty v
alue
from
OPP
rere
gist
ratio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); PE
C, p
roba
ble
effe
ct c
once
ntra
tion
(Mac
Don
ald
and
othe
rs, 2
000)
; PEL
, pro
babl
e ef
fect
leve
l (C
anad
ian
Cou
ncil
of M
inis
ters
of t
he E
nviro
nmen
t, 20
02);
SQ
G, s
edim
ent q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine;
SQ
SV, s
edim
ent-q
ualit
y sc
reen
ing
valu
e (L
opes
and
Fur
long
, 200
1); S
W, s
alt w
ater
; TEC
, thr
esho
ld e
ffect
con
cent
ratio
n (M
acD
onal
d an
d ot
hers
, 200
0); U
SEPA
, U.S
. En
viro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y; U
SGS,
U.S
. Geo
logi
cal S
urve
y aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
ark
dete
rmin
ed u
sing
OPP
met
hods
and
toxi
city
dat
a (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); W
QG
, wat
er-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); >,
gre
ater
than
; μg/
g O
C, m
icro
gram
per
gra
m o
rgan
ic c
arbo
n; μ
g/kg
DW
, mic
rogr
am p
er k
ilogr
am d
ry w
eigh
t; μg
/L, m
icro
gram
per
lite
r; –,
non
e; %
, per
cent
]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sedi
men
t ben
chm
arks
Aqu
atic
-life
toxi
city
Upp
er; l
ower
se
dim
ent
scre
enin
g va
lues
, un
its
Type
of
scre
enin
g va
lue
Exce
eds
benc
hmar
k?
Aqu
atic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
benc
hmar
k
Aqu
atic
-life
to
xici
ty b
in
(1,2
,3 o
r NIA
)
Gly
phos
ate
1071
-83-
6H
erbi
cide
1–
––
1,80
0C
F O
PP2
Hep
tach
lor
76-4
4-8
Inse
ctic
ide
1–
––
0.00
38C
OW
1H
epta
chlo
r epo
xide
1024
-57-
3D
egra
date
12.
74; 0
.6,
µg/k
g D
WPE
L; IS
QG
(C
anad
a -
Inte
rim S
QG
)
NAV
, D
F>10
%–
––
Hex
achl
orob
enze
ne11
8-74
-1In
sect
icid
e1
–; 2
2,
µg/k
g D
WLo
w S
QSV
(L
opes
&
Furlo
ng);
high
va
lue
NAV
No
1.8
CI E
CO
TOX
1
Hyd
roxy
alac
hlor
NAV
Deg
rada
te1
––
–N
AVN
AVN
IAH
ydro
xym
etol
achl
or13
1068
-72-
9D
egra
date
1–
––
NAV
NAV
NIA
Imaz
amox
1143
11-3
2-9
Her
bici
de1
––
–11
AVP
OPP
1Ip
rodi
one
3673
4-19
-7Fu
ngic
ide
1–
––
120
AI O
PP2
Isox
aben
8255
8-50
-7H
erbi
cide
1–
––
7C
F EC
OSA
R1
Kre
soxi
m-m
ethy
l14
3390
-89-
0Fu
ngic
ide
1–
––
6C
F EC
OSA
R1
Met
cona
zole
1251
16-2
3-6
Fung
icid
e1
––
–20
CF
ECO
SAR
2M
etho
xych
lor
72-4
3-5
Inse
ctic
ide
19.
5; 1
.9,
μg/g
OC
Tier
1; T
ier 2
(U
SEPA
ESG
)N
o0.
03C
OW
1
Met
hoxy
feno
zide
1610
50-5
8-4
Inse
ctic
ide
1–
––
0.06
9A
NV
P EC
OSA
R1
Met
olac
hlor
5121
8-45
-2H
erbi
cide
1–
––
1C
I OPP
1M
irex
2385
-85-
5In
sect
icid
e1
––
–0.
001
C O
W1
Appendix 4. 125Ta
ble
4–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
arks
or t
oxic
ity v
alue
s w
ith re
sulti
ng A
quat
ic-L
ife T
oxic
ity B
ins
and
avai
labl
e se
dim
ent b
ench
mar
ks u
sed
in th
e ev
alua
tion
of p
estic
ides
for
sedi
men
t.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Sed
imen
t scr
eeni
ng
valu
es sh
own
are
the
low
est o
f the
ava
ilabl
e so
urce
s. Pe
stic
ide
com
poun
ds w
ere
dete
rmin
ed to
exc
eed
a be
nchm
ark
if co
ncen
tratio
ns a
t mor
e th
an 5
per
cent
of s
ites e
xcee
d th
e up
per s
cree
ning
val
ue. A
bbre
via-
tions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
F, c
hron
ic fi
sh; C
I, ch
roni
c in
verte
brat
e; C
OW
, chr
onic
Offi
ce o
f W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he P
rote
ctio
n of
Aqu
atic
Life
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
2); D
F >1
0 %
, ben
chm
ark
com
paris
on n
ot a
pplic
able
bec
ause
com
poun
d ha
s det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy
>10
perc
ent (
Tier
1);
ECO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
9a);
ECO
TOX
, tox
icity
va
lue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010a
); ES
G, e
quili
briu
m-p
artit
ioni
ng se
dim
ent g
uide
line
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
4); I
SQG
, int
erim
se
dim
ent-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2002
); N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
NIA
, no
info
rmat
ion
avai
labl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(U.S
Env
i-ro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009b
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009c
); O
PP to
x, to
xici
ty v
alue
from
OPP
rere
gist
ratio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); PE
C, p
roba
ble
effe
ct c
once
ntra
tion
(Mac
Don
ald
and
othe
rs, 2
000)
; PEL
, pro
babl
e ef
fect
leve
l (C
anad
ian
Cou
ncil
of M
inis
ters
of t
he E
nviro
nmen
t, 20
02);
SQ
G, s
edim
ent q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine;
SQ
SV, s
edim
ent-q
ualit
y sc
reen
ing
valu
e (L
opes
and
Fur
long
, 200
1); S
W, s
alt w
ater
; TEC
, thr
esho
ld e
ffect
con
cent
ratio
n (M
acD
onal
d an
d ot
hers
, 200
0); U
SEPA
, U.S
. En
viro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y; U
SGS,
U.S
. Geo
logi
cal S
urve
y aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
ark
dete
rmin
ed u
sing
OPP
met
hods
and
toxi
city
dat
a (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); W
QG
, wat
er-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); >,
gre
ater
than
; μg/
g O
C, m
icro
gram
per
gra
m o
rgan
ic c
arbo
n; μ
g/kg
DW
, mic
rogr
am p
er k
ilogr
am d
ry w
eigh
t; μg
/L, m
icro
gram
per
lite
r; –,
non
e; %
, per
cent
]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sedi
men
t ben
chm
arks
Aqu
atic
-life
toxi
city
Upp
er; l
ower
se
dim
ent
scre
enin
g va
lues
, un
its
Type
of
scre
enin
g va
lue
Exce
eds
benc
hmar
k?
Aqu
atic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
benc
hmar
k
Aqu
atic
-life
to
xici
ty b
in
(1,2
,3 o
r NIA
)
Myc
lobu
tani
l88
671-
89-0
Fung
icid
e1
––
–1,
200
AF
ECO
TOX
2N
apht
hyla
ceta
mid
e86
-86-
2Pl
ant g
row
th
regu
lato
r1
––
–23
4C
F EC
OSA
R2
Nap
ropa
mid
e15
299-
99-7
Her
bici
de1
––
–1,
100
CF
OPP
2N
oval
uron
1167
14-4
6-6
Her
bici
de1
––
–0.
993
CF
ECO
SAR
1o,
p′-D
DD
(o
,pʹ-D
ichl
orod
iphe
nyl-
dich
loro
etha
ne)
53-1
9-0
Deg
rada
te1
8.51
; 3.5
4,µg
/kg
DW
PEL;
ISQ
G
(p,p
ʹ-DD
D)
(Can
ada
- In
terim
SQ
G)
NAV
, D
F>10
%–
––
o,p′
-DD
E (o
,pʹ-D
ichl
orod
iphe
nyl-
dich
loro
ethy
lene
)
3424
-82-
6D
egra
date
16.
75; 1
.42,
µg/k
g D
WPE
L; IS
QG
(p
,pʹ-D
DE)
(C
anad
a -
Inte
rim S
QG
)
Yes (
sum
of
o,pʹ
and
p,p
ʹ is
omer
s)
––
–
o,p′
-DD
T (o
,pʹ-D
ichl
orod
iphe
nyl-
trich
loro
etha
ne)
789-
02-6
Deg
rada
te1
4.77
; 1.1
9,µg
/kg
DW
PEL;
ISQ
G
(p,p
ʹ-DD
T)
(Can
ada
- In
terim
SQ
G)
Yes (
sum
of
o,pʹ
and
p,p
ʹ is
omer
s)
––
–
Ory
zalin
1904
4-88
-3H
erbi
cide
1–
––
15.4
AVP
OPP
1O
xadi
azon
1966
6-30
-9H
erbi
cide
1–
––
7.8
AN
VP
ECO
TOX
1
126 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
4–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
arks
or t
oxic
ity v
alue
s w
ith re
sulti
ng A
quat
ic-L
ife T
oxic
ity B
ins
and
avai
labl
e se
dim
ent b
ench
mar
ks u
sed
in th
e ev
alua
tion
of p
estic
ides
for
sedi
men
t.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Sed
imen
t scr
eeni
ng
valu
es sh
own
are
the
low
est o
f the
ava
ilabl
e so
urce
s. Pe
stic
ide
com
poun
ds w
ere
dete
rmin
ed to
exc
eed
a be
nchm
ark
if co
ncen
tratio
ns a
t mor
e th
an 5
per
cent
of s
ites e
xcee
d th
e up
per s
cree
ning
val
ue. A
bbre
via-
tions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
F, c
hron
ic fi
sh; C
I, ch
roni
c in
verte
brat
e; C
OW
, chr
onic
Offi
ce o
f W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he P
rote
ctio
n of
Aqu
atic
Life
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
2); D
F >1
0 %
, ben
chm
ark
com
paris
on n
ot a
pplic
able
bec
ause
com
poun
d ha
s det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy
>10
perc
ent (
Tier
1);
ECO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
9a);
ECO
TOX
, tox
icity
va
lue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010a
); ES
G, e
quili
briu
m-p
artit
ioni
ng se
dim
ent g
uide
line
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
4); I
SQG
, int
erim
se
dim
ent-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2002
); N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
NIA
, no
info
rmat
ion
avai
labl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(U.S
Env
i-ro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009b
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009c
); O
PP to
x, to
xici
ty v
alue
from
OPP
rere
gist
ratio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); PE
C, p
roba
ble
effe
ct c
once
ntra
tion
(Mac
Don
ald
and
othe
rs, 2
000)
; PEL
, pro
babl
e ef
fect
leve
l (C
anad
ian
Cou
ncil
of M
inis
ters
of t
he E
nviro
nmen
t, 20
02);
SQ
G, s
edim
ent q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine;
SQ
SV, s
edim
ent-q
ualit
y sc
reen
ing
valu
e (L
opes
and
Fur
long
, 200
1); S
W, s
alt w
ater
; TEC
, thr
esho
ld e
ffect
con
cent
ratio
n (M
acD
onal
d an
d ot
hers
, 200
0); U
SEPA
, U.S
. En
viro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y; U
SGS,
U.S
. Geo
logi
cal S
urve
y aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
ark
dete
rmin
ed u
sing
OPP
met
hods
and
toxi
city
dat
a (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); W
QG
, wat
er-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); >,
gre
ater
than
; μg/
g O
C, m
icro
gram
per
gra
m o
rgan
ic c
arbo
n; μ
g/kg
DW
, mic
rogr
am p
er k
ilogr
am d
ry w
eigh
t; μg
/L, m
icro
gram
per
lite
r; –,
non
e; %
, per
cent
]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sedi
men
t ben
chm
arks
Aqu
atic
-life
toxi
city
Upp
er; l
ower
se
dim
ent
scre
enin
g va
lues
, un
its
Type
of
scre
enin
g va
lue
Exce
eds
benc
hmar
k?
Aqu
atic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
benc
hmar
k
Aqu
atic
-life
to
xici
ty b
in
(1,2
,3 o
r NIA
)
Oxy
chlo
rdan
e27
304-
13-8
Deg
rada
te; c
om-
pone
nt
of to
tal c
hlor
-da
ne
1–
––
––
–
Oxy
fluor
fen
4287
4-03
-3H
erbi
cide
1–
––
0.29
AN
VP
OPP
1p,
pʹ-D
DD
(p
,pʹ-D
ichl
orod
iphe
nyl-
dich
loro
etha
ne)
72-5
4-8
Deg
rada
te1
8.51
; 3.5
4,µg
/kg
DW
PEL;
ISQ
G
(Can
ada
- In
terim
SQ
G)
NAV
, D
F>10
%0.
001
C O
W1
p,pʹ
-DD
E (p
,pʹ-D
ichl
orod
iphe
nyl-
dich
loro
ethy
lene
)
72-5
5-9
Deg
rada
te1
6.75
; 1.4
2,µg
/kg
DW
PEL;
ISQ
G
(Can
ada
- In
terim
SQ
G)
NAV
, D
F>10
%0.
001
C O
W1
p,pʹ
-DD
T (p
,pʹ-D
ichl
orod
iphe
nyl-
trich
loro
etha
ne)
50-2
9-3
Inse
ctic
ide/
ac
aric
ide
14.
77; 1
.19,
µg/k
g D
WPE
L; IS
QG
(C
anad
a -
Inte
rim S
QG
)
NAV
, D
F>10
%0.
001
C O
W1
Pacl
obut
razo
l76
738-
62-0
Plan
t gro
wth
re
gula
tor
1–
––
11,8
00A
F EC
OTO
X2
Para
quat
4685
-14-
7H
erbi
cide
1–
––
0.55
AN
VP
OPP
tox
1Pa
rath
ion-
met
hyl
298-
00-0
Inse
ctic
ide
1–
––
0.25
CI O
PP1
PCN
B (P
enta
chlo
roni
trobe
nzen
e)82
-68-
8Fu
ngic
ide
1–
––
13C
F O
PP to
x2
Pebu
late
1114
-71-
2H
erbi
cide
1–
––
230
AN
VP
OPP
2Pe
ndim
etha
lin40
487-
42-1
Her
bici
de1
––
–5.
4A
NV
P O
PP1
Appendix 4. 127Ta
ble
4–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
arks
or t
oxic
ity v
alue
s w
ith re
sulti
ng A
quat
ic-L
ife T
oxic
ity B
ins
and
avai
labl
e se
dim
ent b
ench
mar
ks u
sed
in th
e ev
alua
tion
of p
estic
ides
for
sedi
men
t.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Sed
imen
t scr
eeni
ng
valu
es sh
own
are
the
low
est o
f the
ava
ilabl
e so
urce
s. Pe
stic
ide
com
poun
ds w
ere
dete
rmin
ed to
exc
eed
a be
nchm
ark
if co
ncen
tratio
ns a
t mor
e th
an 5
per
cent
of s
ites e
xcee
d th
e up
per s
cree
ning
val
ue. A
bbre
via-
tions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
F, c
hron
ic fi
sh; C
I, ch
roni
c in
verte
brat
e; C
OW
, chr
onic
Offi
ce o
f W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he P
rote
ctio
n of
Aqu
atic
Life
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
2); D
F >1
0 %
, ben
chm
ark
com
paris
on n
ot a
pplic
able
bec
ause
com
poun
d ha
s det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy
>10
perc
ent (
Tier
1);
ECO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
9a);
ECO
TOX
, tox
icity
va
lue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010a
); ES
G, e
quili
briu
m-p
artit
ioni
ng se
dim
ent g
uide
line
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
4); I
SQG
, int
erim
se
dim
ent-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2002
); N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
NIA
, no
info
rmat
ion
avai
labl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(U.S
Env
i-ro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009b
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009c
); O
PP to
x, to
xici
ty v
alue
from
OPP
rere
gist
ratio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); PE
C, p
roba
ble
effe
ct c
once
ntra
tion
(Mac
Don
ald
and
othe
rs, 2
000)
; PEL
, pro
babl
e ef
fect
leve
l (C
anad
ian
Cou
ncil
of M
inis
ters
of t
he E
nviro
nmen
t, 20
02);
SQ
G, s
edim
ent q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine;
SQ
SV, s
edim
ent-q
ualit
y sc
reen
ing
valu
e (L
opes
and
Fur
long
, 200
1); S
W, s
alt w
ater
; TEC
, thr
esho
ld e
ffect
con
cent
ratio
n (M
acD
onal
d an
d ot
hers
, 200
0); U
SEPA
, U.S
. En
viro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y; U
SGS,
U.S
. Geo
logi
cal S
urve
y aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
ark
dete
rmin
ed u
sing
OPP
met
hods
and
toxi
city
dat
a (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); W
QG
, wat
er-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); >,
gre
ater
than
; μg/
g O
C, m
icro
gram
per
gra
m o
rgan
ic c
arbo
n; μ
g/kg
DW
, mic
rogr
am p
er k
ilogr
am d
ry w
eigh
t; μg
/L, m
icro
gram
per
lite
r; –,
non
e; %
, per
cent
]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sedi
men
t ben
chm
arks
Aqu
atic
-life
toxi
city
Upp
er; l
ower
se
dim
ent
scre
enin
g va
lues
, un
its
Type
of
scre
enin
g va
lue
Exce
eds
benc
hmar
k?
Aqu
atic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
benc
hmar
k
Aqu
atic
-life
to
xici
ty b
in
(1,2
,3 o
r NIA
)
Pent
achl
oroa
niso
le18
25-2
1-4
Deg
rada
te1
––
–13
.6A
I EC
OTO
X1
Perm
ethr
in52
645-
53-1
Inse
ctic
ide
1–
––
0.00
14C
I OPP
1Ph
enm
edip
ham
1368
4-63
-4H
erbi
cide
1–
––
320
AVP
OPP
tox
2Ph
orat
e29
8-02
-2In
sect
icid
e1
––
–0.
21C
I OPP
1Pr
odia
min
e29
091-
21-2
Her
bici
de1
––
–1,
590
AF
ECO
TOX
2Pr
omet
ryn
7287
-19-
6H
erbi
cide
1–
––
1A
NV
P O
PP1
Pron
amid
e23
950-
58-5
Her
bici
de1
––
–60
0C
I OPP
2Pr
opar
gite
2312
-35-
8In
sect
icid
e1
––
–9
CI O
PP1
Prop
icon
azol
e60
207-
90-1
Fung
icid
e1
––
–93
AN
VP
OPP
2Py
met
rozi
ne12
3312
-89-
0In
sect
icid
e1
––
–0.
0407
AN
VP
ECO
SAR
1Py
racl
ostro
bin
1750
13-1
8-0
Fung
icid
e1
––
–3.
1A
F O
PP E
coto
x1
Pyrid
aben
9648
9-71
-3In
sect
icid
e1
––
–0.
265
AI E
CO
TOX
1Q
uinc
lora
c84
087-
01-4
Her
bici
de1
––
–14
,900
AI E
CO
TOX
2Q
uino
xyfe
n12
4495
-18-
7Fu
ngic
ide
1–
––
18C
F EC
OSA
R2
Saba
dilla
8051
-02-
3In
sect
icid
e1
––
–39
CI E
CO
SAR
2S-
Met
olac
hlor
8739
2-12
-9H
erbi
cide
1–
––
8A
NV
P O
PP to
x1
TCPS
A (T
richl
orop
rope
ne
sulfo
nic
acid
)65
600-
62-6
Deg
rada
te1
––
–N
AVN
AVN
IA
Tebu
cona
zole
10
7534
-96-
3Fu
ngic
ide
1–
––
2,00
0A
I EC
OTO
X2
Tebu
feno
zide
1124
10-2
3-8
Inse
ctic
ide
1–
––
1,50
0A
F EC
OTO
X2
128 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
4–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
arks
or t
oxic
ity v
alue
s w
ith re
sulti
ng A
quat
ic-L
ife T
oxic
ity B
ins
and
avai
labl
e se
dim
ent b
ench
mar
ks u
sed
in th
e ev
alua
tion
of p
estic
ides
for
sedi
men
t.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Sed
imen
t scr
eeni
ng
valu
es sh
own
are
the
low
est o
f the
ava
ilabl
e so
urce
s. Pe
stic
ide
com
poun
ds w
ere
dete
rmin
ed to
exc
eed
a be
nchm
ark
if co
ncen
tratio
ns a
t mor
e th
an 5
per
cent
of s
ites e
xcee
d th
e up
per s
cree
ning
val
ue. A
bbre
via-
tions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
F, c
hron
ic fi
sh; C
I, ch
roni
c in
verte
brat
e; C
OW
, chr
onic
Offi
ce o
f W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he P
rote
ctio
n of
Aqu
atic
Life
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
2); D
F >1
0 %
, ben
chm
ark
com
paris
on n
ot a
pplic
able
bec
ause
com
poun
d ha
s det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy
>10
perc
ent (
Tier
1);
ECO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
9a);
ECO
TOX
, tox
icity
va
lue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010a
); ES
G, e
quili
briu
m-p
artit
ioni
ng se
dim
ent g
uide
line
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
4); I
SQG
, int
erim
se
dim
ent-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2002
); N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
NIA
, no
info
rmat
ion
avai
labl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(U.S
Env
i-ro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009b
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009c
); O
PP to
x, to
xici
ty v
alue
from
OPP
rere
gist
ratio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); PE
C, p
roba
ble
effe
ct c
once
ntra
tion
(Mac
Don
ald
and
othe
rs, 2
000)
; PEL
, pro
babl
e ef
fect
leve
l (C
anad
ian
Cou
ncil
of M
inis
ters
of t
he E
nviro
nmen
t, 20
02);
SQ
G, s
edim
ent q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine;
SQ
SV, s
edim
ent-q
ualit
y sc
reen
ing
valu
e (L
opes
and
Fur
long
, 200
1); S
W, s
alt w
ater
; TEC
, thr
esho
ld e
ffect
con
cent
ratio
n (M
acD
onal
d an
d ot
hers
, 200
0); U
SEPA
, U.S
. En
viro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y; U
SGS,
U.S
. Geo
logi
cal S
urve
y aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
ark
dete
rmin
ed u
sing
OPP
met
hods
and
toxi
city
dat
a (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); W
QG
, wat
er-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); >,
gre
ater
than
; μg/
g O
C, m
icro
gram
per
gra
m o
rgan
ic c
arbo
n; μ
g/kg
DW
, mic
rogr
am p
er k
ilogr
am d
ry w
eigh
t; μg
/L, m
icro
gram
per
lite
r; –,
non
e; %
, per
cent
]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sedi
men
t ben
chm
arks
Aqu
atic
-life
toxi
city
Upp
er; l
ower
se
dim
ent
scre
enin
g va
lues
, un
its
Type
of
scre
enin
g va
lue
Exce
eds
benc
hmar
k?
Aqu
atic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
benc
hmar
k
Aqu
atic
-life
to
xici
ty b
in
(1,2
,3 o
r NIA
)
Tebu
pirim
fos
9618
2-53
-5In
sect
icid
e1
––
–0.
039
AI E
CO
TOX
1Te
bupi
rimfo
s oxy
gen
anal
ogue
NAV
Deg
rada
te1
––
–N
AVN
AVN
IATe
fluth
rin79
538-
32-2
Inse
ctic
ide
1–
––
0.03
AF
ECO
TOX
1Te
fluth
rin m
etab
olite
[R 1
1936
4]N
AVD
egra
date
1–
––
NAV
NAV
NIA
Teflu
thrin
met
abol
ite [R
152
912]
NAV
Deg
rada
te1
––
–N
AVN
AVN
IATe
rbut
hyla
zine
5915
-41-
3H
erbi
cide
1–
––
1,70
0A
F U
SGS
2Te
traco
nazo
le11
2281
-77-
3Fu
ngic
ide
1–
––
22C
F EC
OSA
R2
Tetra
difo
n11
6-29
-0A
caric
ide
1–
––
100
CI E
CO
TOX
2Th
iazo
pyr
1177
18-6
0-2
Her
bici
de1
––
–14
CF
ECO
SAR
2Th
iobe
ncar
b28
249-
77-6
Her
bici
de1
––
–1
CI O
PP1
tran
s-C
hlor
dane
5103
-74-
2In
sect
icid
e1
17.6
; 3.2
4,µg
/kg
DW
PEL
- chl
orda
ne
(Can
ada–
Inte
rim
SQG
); TE
C–
chlo
rdan
e
(con
sens
us-
base
d SQ
G,
Mac
Don
ald)
NAV
, D
F>10
%–
––
tran
s-M
ethy
l-3-(
2,2-
dich
loro
viny
l)-2,
2-di
met
hyl-
(1-c
yclo
prop
ane)
-car
boxy
late
t618
98-9
5-1
Deg
rada
te1
––
–N
AVN
AVN
IA
Appendix 4. 129Ta
ble
4–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
arks
or t
oxic
ity v
alue
s w
ith re
sulti
ng A
quat
ic-L
ife T
oxic
ity B
ins
and
avai
labl
e se
dim
ent b
ench
mar
ks u
sed
in th
e ev
alua
tion
of p
estic
ides
for
sedi
men
t.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Sed
imen
t scr
eeni
ng
valu
es sh
own
are
the
low
est o
f the
ava
ilabl
e so
urce
s. Pe
stic
ide
com
poun
ds w
ere
dete
rmin
ed to
exc
eed
a be
nchm
ark
if co
ncen
tratio
ns a
t mor
e th
an 5
per
cent
of s
ites e
xcee
d th
e up
per s
cree
ning
val
ue. A
bbre
via-
tions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
F, c
hron
ic fi
sh; C
I, ch
roni
c in
verte
brat
e; C
OW
, chr
onic
Offi
ce o
f W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he P
rote
ctio
n of
Aqu
atic
Life
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
2); D
F >1
0 %
, ben
chm
ark
com
paris
on n
ot a
pplic
able
bec
ause
com
poun
d ha
s det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy
>10
perc
ent (
Tier
1);
ECO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
9a);
ECO
TOX
, tox
icity
va
lue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010a
); ES
G, e
quili
briu
m-p
artit
ioni
ng se
dim
ent g
uide
line
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
4); I
SQG
, int
erim
se
dim
ent-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2002
); N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
NIA
, no
info
rmat
ion
avai
labl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(U.S
Env
i-ro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009b
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009c
); O
PP to
x, to
xici
ty v
alue
from
OPP
rere
gist
ratio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); PE
C, p
roba
ble
effe
ct c
once
ntra
tion
(Mac
Don
ald
and
othe
rs, 2
000)
; PEL
, pro
babl
e ef
fect
leve
l (C
anad
ian
Cou
ncil
of M
inis
ters
of t
he E
nviro
nmen
t, 20
02);
SQ
G, s
edim
ent q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine;
SQ
SV, s
edim
ent-q
ualit
y sc
reen
ing
valu
e (L
opes
and
Fur
long
, 200
1); S
W, s
alt w
ater
; TEC
, thr
esho
ld e
ffect
con
cent
ratio
n (M
acD
onal
d an
d ot
hers
, 200
0); U
SEPA
, U.S
. En
viro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y; U
SGS,
U.S
. Geo
logi
cal S
urve
y aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
ark
dete
rmin
ed u
sing
OPP
met
hods
and
toxi
city
dat
a (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); W
QG
, wat
er-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); >,
gre
ater
than
; μg/
g O
C, m
icro
gram
per
gra
m o
rgan
ic c
arbo
n; μ
g/kg
DW
, mic
rogr
am p
er k
ilogr
am d
ry w
eigh
t; μg
/L, m
icro
gram
per
lite
r; –,
non
e; %
, per
cent
]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sedi
men
t ben
chm
arks
Aqu
atic
-life
toxi
city
Upp
er; l
ower
se
dim
ent
scre
enin
g va
lues
, un
its
Type
of
scre
enin
g va
lue
Exce
eds
benc
hmar
k?
Aqu
atic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
benc
hmar
k
Aqu
atic
-life
to
xici
ty b
in
(1,2
,3 o
r NIA
)
tran
s-N
onac
hlor
3976
5-80
-5In
sect
icid
e;
com
pone
nt o
f to
tal c
hlor
dane
, by
-pro
duct
of
tech
nica
l ch
lord
ane
1–
––
––
–
tran
s-Pe
rmet
hrin
6194
9-77
-7In
sect
icid
e1
––
–0.
0014
CI O
PP
(per
met
hrin
)1
tran
s-Pr
opic
onaz
ole
t602
07-9
0-1
Fung
icid
e1
––
–93
AN
VP
OPP
(p
ropi
cona
zole
)2
Tria
dim
enol
5521
9-65
-3Fu
ngic
ide
1–
––
89C
F EC
OSA
R2
Tria
llate
2303
-17-
5H
erbi
cide
1–
––
13C
I OPP
2Tr
ibup
hos
78-4
8-8
Def
olia
nt1
––
–1.
56C
I OPP
1Tr
iclo
pyr
5533
5-06
-3H
erbi
cide
1–
––
100
AN
VP
OPP
2Tr
iflur
alin
1582
-09-
8H
erbi
cide
1–
––
1.14
CF
OPP
1U
nico
nazo
le83
657-
17-4
Plan
t gro
wth
re
gula
tor
1–
––
3,40
0A
F EC
OTO
X2
Vin
cloz
olin
5047
1-44
-8Fu
ngic
ide
1–
––
2,00
0A
I OPP
tox
2ze
ta-C
yper
met
hrin
6986
5-47
-0In
sect
icid
e1
––
–0.
069
CI O
PP
(cyp
erm
ethr
in)
1
130 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
4–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
arks
or t
oxic
ity v
alue
s w
ith re
sulti
ng A
quat
ic-L
ife T
oxic
ity B
ins
and
avai
labl
e se
dim
ent b
ench
mar
ks u
sed
in th
e ev
alua
tion
of p
estic
ides
for
sedi
men
t.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Sed
imen
t scr
eeni
ng
valu
es sh
own
are
the
low
est o
f the
ava
ilabl
e so
urce
s. Pe
stic
ide
com
poun
ds w
ere
dete
rmin
ed to
exc
eed
a be
nchm
ark
if co
ncen
tratio
ns a
t mor
e th
an 5
per
cent
of s
ites e
xcee
d th
e up
per s
cree
ning
val
ue. A
bbre
via-
tions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
F, c
hron
ic fi
sh; C
I, ch
roni
c in
verte
brat
e; C
OW
, chr
onic
Offi
ce o
f W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he P
rote
ctio
n of
Aqu
atic
Life
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
2); D
F >1
0 %
, ben
chm
ark
com
paris
on n
ot a
pplic
able
bec
ause
com
poun
d ha
s det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy
>10
perc
ent (
Tier
1);
ECO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
9a);
ECO
TOX
, tox
icity
va
lue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010a
); ES
G, e
quili
briu
m-p
artit
ioni
ng se
dim
ent g
uide
line
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
4); I
SQG
, int
erim
se
dim
ent-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2002
); N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
NIA
, no
info
rmat
ion
avai
labl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(U.S
Env
i-ro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009b
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009c
); O
PP to
x, to
xici
ty v
alue
from
OPP
rere
gist
ratio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); PE
C, p
roba
ble
effe
ct c
once
ntra
tion
(Mac
Don
ald
and
othe
rs, 2
000)
; PEL
, pro
babl
e ef
fect
leve
l (C
anad
ian
Cou
ncil
of M
inis
ters
of t
he E
nviro
nmen
t, 20
02);
SQ
G, s
edim
ent q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine;
SQ
SV, s
edim
ent-q
ualit
y sc
reen
ing
valu
e (L
opes
and
Fur
long
, 200
1); S
W, s
alt w
ater
; TEC
, thr
esho
ld e
ffect
con
cent
ratio
n (M
acD
onal
d an
d ot
hers
, 200
0); U
SEPA
, U.S
. En
viro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y; U
SGS,
U.S
. Geo
logi
cal S
urve
y aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
ark
dete
rmin
ed u
sing
OPP
met
hods
and
toxi
city
dat
a (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); W
QG
, wat
er-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); >,
gre
ater
than
; μg/
g O
C, m
icro
gram
per
gra
m o
rgan
ic c
arbo
n; μ
g/kg
DW
, mic
rogr
am p
er k
ilogr
am d
ry w
eigh
t; μg
/L, m
icro
gram
per
lite
r; –,
non
e; %
, per
cent
]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sedi
men
t ben
chm
arks
Aqu
atic
-life
toxi
city
Upp
er; l
ower
se
dim
ent
scre
enin
g va
lues
, un
its
Type
of
scre
enin
g va
lue
Exce
eds
benc
hmar
k?
Aqu
atic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
benc
hmar
k
Aqu
atic
-life
to
xici
ty b
in
(1,2
,3 o
r NIA
)
Tota
l DD
T–
Inse
ctic
ide
1 1–
––
––
–2,
4,5-
T (2
,4,5
- Tr
ichl
orop
heno
xyac
etic
aci
d)93
-76-
5H
erbi
cide
2–
––
75A
F EC
OTO
X2
2,4,
6-Tr
ichl
orop
heno
l 88
-06-
2M
icro
bioc
ide
2–
––
135
AI E
CO
TOX
22,
4-D
(2,4
-Dic
hlor
ophe
noxy
ac
etic
aci
d)94
-75-
7H
erbi
cide
2–
––
299.
2AV
P U
SGS
2
2,4-
D m
ethy
l est
er19
28-3
8-7
Her
bici
de2
––
–4
Can
ada
WQ
G A
p-pl
ies t
o
phen
oxy
herb
icid
es;
base
d on
est
er
form
ulat
ions
of
2,4-
D a
cid)
1
2,4-
D p
lus 2
,4-D
met
hyl e
ster
94-7
5-7
&
1928
-38-
7H
erbi
cide
(Sum
of
2,4-
D
& 2
,4-D
m
ethy
l es
ter)
––
–4
Can
ada
WQ
G A
p-pl
ies t
o
phen
oxy
herb
icid
es;
base
d on
est
er
form
ulat
ions
of
2,4-
D a
cid)
1
2,4-
DB
(4-[
2,4-
Dic
hlor
ophe
noxy
]bu
tyric
aci
d)94
-82-
6H
erbi
cide
2–
––
932
AN
VP
OPP
2
Ace
toch
lor
3425
6-82
-1H
erbi
cide
2–
––
1.43
AN
VP
OPP
1A
zinp
hos-
ethy
l26
42-7
1-9
Inse
ctic
ide
2–
––
0.55
AF
ECO
TOX
1
Appendix 4. 131Ta
ble
4–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
arks
or t
oxic
ity v
alue
s w
ith re
sulti
ng A
quat
ic-L
ife T
oxic
ity B
ins
and
avai
labl
e se
dim
ent b
ench
mar
ks u
sed
in th
e ev
alua
tion
of p
estic
ides
for
sedi
men
t.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Sed
imen
t scr
eeni
ng
valu
es sh
own
are
the
low
est o
f the
ava
ilabl
e so
urce
s. Pe
stic
ide
com
poun
ds w
ere
dete
rmin
ed to
exc
eed
a be
nchm
ark
if co
ncen
tratio
ns a
t mor
e th
an 5
per
cent
of s
ites e
xcee
d th
e up
per s
cree
ning
val
ue. A
bbre
via-
tions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
F, c
hron
ic fi
sh; C
I, ch
roni
c in
verte
brat
e; C
OW
, chr
onic
Offi
ce o
f W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he P
rote
ctio
n of
Aqu
atic
Life
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
2); D
F >1
0 %
, ben
chm
ark
com
paris
on n
ot a
pplic
able
bec
ause
com
poun
d ha
s det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy
>10
perc
ent (
Tier
1);
ECO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
9a);
ECO
TOX
, tox
icity
va
lue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010a
); ES
G, e
quili
briu
m-p
artit
ioni
ng se
dim
ent g
uide
line
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
4); I
SQG
, int
erim
se
dim
ent-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2002
); N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
NIA
, no
info
rmat
ion
avai
labl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(U.S
Env
i-ro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009b
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009c
); O
PP to
x, to
xici
ty v
alue
from
OPP
rere
gist
ratio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); PE
C, p
roba
ble
effe
ct c
once
ntra
tion
(Mac
Don
ald
and
othe
rs, 2
000)
; PEL
, pro
babl
e ef
fect
leve
l (C
anad
ian
Cou
ncil
of M
inis
ters
of t
he E
nviro
nmen
t, 20
02);
SQ
G, s
edim
ent q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine;
SQ
SV, s
edim
ent-q
ualit
y sc
reen
ing
valu
e (L
opes
and
Fur
long
, 200
1); S
W, s
alt w
ater
; TEC
, thr
esho
ld e
ffect
con
cent
ratio
n (M
acD
onal
d an
d ot
hers
, 200
0); U
SEPA
, U.S
. En
viro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y; U
SGS,
U.S
. Geo
logi
cal S
urve
y aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
ark
dete
rmin
ed u
sing
OPP
met
hods
and
toxi
city
dat
a (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); W
QG
, wat
er-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); >,
gre
ater
than
; μg/
g O
C, m
icro
gram
per
gra
m o
rgan
ic c
arbo
n; μ
g/kg
DW
, mic
rogr
am p
er k
ilogr
am d
ry w
eigh
t; μg
/L, m
icro
gram
per
lite
r; –,
non
e; %
, per
cent
]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sedi
men
t ben
chm
arks
Aqu
atic
-life
toxi
city
Upp
er; l
ower
se
dim
ent
scre
enin
g va
lues
, un
its
Type
of
scre
enin
g va
lue
Exce
eds
benc
hmar
k?
Aqu
atic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
benc
hmar
k
Aqu
atic
-life
to
xici
ty b
in
(1,2
,3 o
r NIA
)
Bac
illus
subt
ilis
NAV
Mic
robi
al fu
ngi-
cide
2–
––
NAV
NAV
NIA
BTS
272
7133
089-
74-6
Deg
rada
te2
––
––
––
But
achl
or23
184-
66-9
Her
bici
de2
––
–50
AF
ECO
TOX
2C
apta
fol
2939
-80-
2Fu
ngic
ide
2–
––
––
–C
arba
ryl
63-2
5-2
Inse
ctic
ide
2–
––
0.5
CI O
PP1
Car
bofu
ran
1563
-66-
2In
sect
icid
e2
––
–0.
75C
I OPP
1C
hlor
fevi
nfos
470-
90-6
Inse
ctic
ide/
ac
aric
ide
2–
––
0.03
5A
I EC
OTO
X1
Chl
orox
uron
1982
-47-
4H
erbi
cide
2–
––
135
AF
ECO
TOX
2C
PPU
(For
chlo
rfen
uron
)68
157-
60-8
Plan
t gro
wth
re
gula
tor
2–
––
NAV
NAV
NIA
DC
NA
(Dic
hlor
an)
99-3
0-9
Fung
icid
e2
––
–49
CF
OPP
tox
2D
ecan
-1-o
l11
2-30
-1Pl
ant g
row
th
regu
lato
r2
––
–1,
200
AF
ECO
TOX
2
Die
noch
lor
2227
-17-
0In
sect
icid
e2
––
–25
AF
ECO
TOX
1D
inoc
ap39
300-
45-3
Fung
icid
e/
inse
ctic
ide
2–
––
––
–
Din
oseb
88-8
5-7
Her
bici
de2
––
–14
AF
ECO
TOX
1
132 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
4–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
arks
or t
oxic
ity v
alue
s w
ith re
sulti
ng A
quat
ic-L
ife T
oxic
ity B
ins
and
avai
labl
e se
dim
ent b
ench
mar
ks u
sed
in th
e ev
alua
tion
of p
estic
ides
for
sedi
men
t.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Sed
imen
t scr
eeni
ng
valu
es sh
own
are
the
low
est o
f the
ava
ilabl
e so
urce
s. Pe
stic
ide
com
poun
ds w
ere
dete
rmin
ed to
exc
eed
a be
nchm
ark
if co
ncen
tratio
ns a
t mor
e th
an 5
per
cent
of s
ites e
xcee
d th
e up
per s
cree
ning
val
ue. A
bbre
via-
tions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
F, c
hron
ic fi
sh; C
I, ch
roni
c in
verte
brat
e; C
OW
, chr
onic
Offi
ce o
f W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he P
rote
ctio
n of
Aqu
atic
Life
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
2); D
F >1
0 %
, ben
chm
ark
com
paris
on n
ot a
pplic
able
bec
ause
com
poun
d ha
s det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy
>10
perc
ent (
Tier
1);
ECO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
9a);
ECO
TOX
, tox
icity
va
lue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010a
); ES
G, e
quili
briu
m-p
artit
ioni
ng se
dim
ent g
uide
line
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
4); I
SQG
, int
erim
se
dim
ent-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2002
); N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
NIA
, no
info
rmat
ion
avai
labl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(U.S
Env
i-ro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009b
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009c
); O
PP to
x, to
xici
ty v
alue
from
OPP
rere
gist
ratio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); PE
C, p
roba
ble
effe
ct c
once
ntra
tion
(Mac
Don
ald
and
othe
rs, 2
000)
; PEL
, pro
babl
e ef
fect
leve
l (C
anad
ian
Cou
ncil
of M
inis
ters
of t
he E
nviro
nmen
t, 20
02);
SQ
G, s
edim
ent q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine;
SQ
SV, s
edim
ent-q
ualit
y sc
reen
ing
valu
e (L
opes
and
Fur
long
, 200
1); S
W, s
alt w
ater
; TEC
, thr
esho
ld e
ffect
con
cent
ratio
n (M
acD
onal
d an
d ot
hers
, 200
0); U
SEPA
, U.S
. En
viro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y; U
SGS,
U.S
. Geo
logi
cal S
urve
y aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
ark
dete
rmin
ed u
sing
OPP
met
hods
and
toxi
city
dat
a (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); W
QG
, wat
er-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); >,
gre
ater
than
; μg/
g O
C, m
icro
gram
per
gra
m o
rgan
ic c
arbo
n; μ
g/kg
DW
, mic
rogr
am p
er k
ilogr
am d
ry w
eigh
t; μg
/L, m
icro
gram
per
lite
r; –,
non
e; %
, per
cent
]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sedi
men
t ben
chm
arks
Aqu
atic
-life
toxi
city
Upp
er; l
ower
se
dim
ent
scre
enin
g va
lues
, un
its
Type
of
scre
enin
g va
lue
Exce
eds
benc
hmar
k?
Aqu
atic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
benc
hmar
k
Aqu
atic
-life
to
xici
ty b
in
(1,2
,3 o
r NIA
)
Endr
in72
-20-
8In
sect
icid
e/
avic
ide
262
.4; 2
.22,
µg/k
g D
WPE
L (C
anad
a-
Inte
rim S
QG
); TE
C (c
onse
nsus
ba
sed
SQG
, M
acD
onal
d)
No
0.08
6C
OW
1
Endr
in a
ldeh
yde
7421
-93-
4D
egra
date
2–
––
––
–En
drin
ket
one
5349
4-70
-5D
egra
date
2–
––
––
–Et
hion
563-
12-2
Inse
ctic
ide
2–
––
0.01
3C
F U
SGS
1Et
hion
mon
oxon
1735
6-42
-2D
egra
date
2–
––
––
–Fe
nchl
orof
os29
9-84
-3In
sect
icid
e2
––
––
––
Fluc
hlor
alin
3324
5-39
-5H
erbi
cide
2–
––
4.8
AF
ECO
TOX
1Fl
ucyt
hrin
ate
7012
4-77
-5In
sect
icid
e2
––
–0.
16A
F EC
OTO
X1
Fluo
xast
robi
n19
3740
-76-
0Fu
ngic
ide
2–
––
NAV
NAV
NIA
Flus
ilazo
le85
509-
19-9
Fung
icid
e2
––
–N
AVN
AVN
IAFl
uval
inat
e69
409-
94-5
Inse
ctic
ide
2–
––
––
–Fl
uval
inat
e-ta
u10
2851
-06-
9In
sect
icid
e2
––
–N
AVN
AVN
IAFo
nofo
s94
4-22
-9In
sect
icid
e2
––
–1
AI E
CO
TOX
1H
exaz
inon
e51
235-
04-2
Her
bici
de2
––
–7
AN
VP
OPP
1Im
azal
il35
554-
44-0
Fung
icid
e2
––
–74
0A
F EC
OTO
X2
Isaz
ofos
4250
9-80
-8In
sect
icid
e2
––
–N
AVN
AVN
IA
Appendix 4. 133Ta
ble
4–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
arks
or t
oxic
ity v
alue
s w
ith re
sulti
ng A
quat
ic-L
ife T
oxic
ity B
ins
and
avai
labl
e se
dim
ent b
ench
mar
ks u
sed
in th
e ev
alua
tion
of p
estic
ides
for
sedi
men
t.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Sed
imen
t scr
eeni
ng
valu
es sh
own
are
the
low
est o
f the
ava
ilabl
e so
urce
s. Pe
stic
ide
com
poun
ds w
ere
dete
rmin
ed to
exc
eed
a be
nchm
ark
if co
ncen
tratio
ns a
t mor
e th
an 5
per
cent
of s
ites e
xcee
d th
e up
per s
cree
ning
val
ue. A
bbre
via-
tions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
F, c
hron
ic fi
sh; C
I, ch
roni
c in
verte
brat
e; C
OW
, chr
onic
Offi
ce o
f W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he P
rote
ctio
n of
Aqu
atic
Life
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
2); D
F >1
0 %
, ben
chm
ark
com
paris
on n
ot a
pplic
able
bec
ause
com
poun
d ha
s det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy
>10
perc
ent (
Tier
1);
ECO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
9a);
ECO
TOX
, tox
icity
va
lue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010a
); ES
G, e
quili
briu
m-p
artit
ioni
ng se
dim
ent g
uide
line
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
4); I
SQG
, int
erim
se
dim
ent-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2002
); N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
NIA
, no
info
rmat
ion
avai
labl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(U.S
Env
i-ro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009b
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009c
); O
PP to
x, to
xici
ty v
alue
from
OPP
rere
gist
ratio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); PE
C, p
roba
ble
effe
ct c
once
ntra
tion
(Mac
Don
ald
and
othe
rs, 2
000)
; PEL
, pro
babl
e ef
fect
leve
l (C
anad
ian
Cou
ncil
of M
inis
ters
of t
he E
nviro
nmen
t, 20
02);
SQ
G, s
edim
ent q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine;
SQ
SV, s
edim
ent-q
ualit
y sc
reen
ing
valu
e (L
opes
and
Fur
long
, 200
1); S
W, s
alt w
ater
; TEC
, thr
esho
ld e
ffect
con
cent
ratio
n (M
acD
onal
d an
d ot
hers
, 200
0); U
SEPA
, U.S
. En
viro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y; U
SGS,
U.S
. Geo
logi
cal S
urve
y aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
ark
dete
rmin
ed u
sing
OPP
met
hods
and
toxi
city
dat
a (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); W
QG
, wat
er-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); >,
gre
ater
than
; μg/
g O
C, m
icro
gram
per
gra
m o
rgan
ic c
arbo
n; μ
g/kg
DW
, mic
rogr
am p
er k
ilogr
am d
ry w
eigh
t; μg
/L, m
icro
gram
per
lite
r; –,
non
e; %
, per
cent
]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sedi
men
t ben
chm
arks
Aqu
atic
-life
toxi
city
Upp
er; l
ower
se
dim
ent
scre
enin
g va
lues
, un
its
Type
of
scre
enin
g va
lue
Exce
eds
benc
hmar
k?
Aqu
atic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
benc
hmar
k
Aqu
atic
-life
to
xici
ty b
in
(1,2
,3 o
r NIA
)
Isof
enph
os25
311-
71-1
Inse
ctic
ide
2–
––
0.22
CI U
SGS
1Is
opro
palin
3382
0-53
-0H
erbi
cide
2–
––
135
AI E
CO
TOX
2K
inop
rene
4258
8-37
-4Pl
ant g
row
th
regu
lato
r2
––
––
––
Lept
ofos
2160
9-90
-5In
sect
icid
e2
––
–1.
98A
F EC
OTO
X1
Linu
ron
330-
55-2
Her
bici
de2
––
–0.
09C
I OPP
1M
ethi
ocar
b20
32-6
5-7
Inse
ctic
ide
2–
––
0.1
CI O
PP1
Met
hopr
ene
4059
6-69
-8In
sect
icid
e2
––
–48
CF
OPP
1M
etho
pren
e ac
id30
2-79
-4D
egra
date
2–
––
––
–M
olin
ate
2212
-67-
1H
erbi
cide
2–
––
105
AF
OPP
2N
apht
hale
ne91
-20-
3Fu
mig
ant
239
1; 3
4.6,
µg/k
g D
WPE
L; IS
QG
(C
anad
a -
Inte
rim S
QG
)
No
––
–
Neb
uron
555-
37-3
Her
bici
de2
––
–N
AVN
AVN
IAO
xyte
tracy
clin
e79
-57-
2Fu
ngic
ide
2–
––
51,0
00A
I OPP
tox
3Pa
rath
ion
56-3
8-2
Inse
ctic
ide
2–
––
0.00
2C
I USG
S1
Perth
ane
72-5
6-0
Inse
ctic
ide
2–
––
2.2
AF
ECO
TOX
1Ph
osm
et73
2-11
-6In
sect
icid
e2
––
–0.
8C
I OPP
1Pr
oflur
alin
2639
9-36
-0H
erbi
cide
2–
––
––
–Q
uiza
lofo
p76
578-
12-6
Her
bici
de2
––
–11
,677
CI E
CO
SAR
3
134 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
4–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
arks
or t
oxic
ity v
alue
s w
ith re
sulti
ng A
quat
ic-L
ife T
oxic
ity B
ins
and
avai
labl
e se
dim
ent b
ench
mar
ks u
sed
in th
e ev
alua
tion
of p
estic
ides
for
sedi
men
t.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Sed
imen
t scr
eeni
ng
valu
es sh
own
are
the
low
est o
f the
ava
ilabl
e so
urce
s. Pe
stic
ide
com
poun
ds w
ere
dete
rmin
ed to
exc
eed
a be
nchm
ark
if co
ncen
tratio
ns a
t mor
e th
an 5
per
cent
of s
ites e
xcee
d th
e up
per s
cree
ning
val
ue. A
bbre
via-
tions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
F, c
hron
ic fi
sh; C
I, ch
roni
c in
verte
brat
e; C
OW
, chr
onic
Offi
ce o
f W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he P
rote
ctio
n of
Aqu
atic
Life
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
2); D
F >1
0 %
, ben
chm
ark
com
paris
on n
ot a
pplic
able
bec
ause
com
poun
d ha
s det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy
>10
perc
ent (
Tier
1);
ECO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
9a);
ECO
TOX
, tox
icity
va
lue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010a
); ES
G, e
quili
briu
m-p
artit
ioni
ng se
dim
ent g
uide
line
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
4); I
SQG
, int
erim
se
dim
ent-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2002
); N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
NIA
, no
info
rmat
ion
avai
labl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(U.S
Env
i-ro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009b
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009c
); O
PP to
x, to
xici
ty v
alue
from
OPP
rere
gist
ratio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); PE
C, p
roba
ble
effe
ct c
once
ntra
tion
(Mac
Don
ald
and
othe
rs, 2
000)
; PEL
, pro
babl
e ef
fect
leve
l (C
anad
ian
Cou
ncil
of M
inis
ters
of t
he E
nviro
nmen
t, 20
02);
SQ
G, s
edim
ent q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine;
SQ
SV, s
edim
ent-q
ualit
y sc
reen
ing
valu
e (L
opes
and
Fur
long
, 200
1); S
W, s
alt w
ater
; TEC
, thr
esho
ld e
ffect
con
cent
ratio
n (M
acD
onal
d an
d ot
hers
, 200
0); U
SEPA
, U.S
. En
viro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y; U
SGS,
U.S
. Geo
logi
cal S
urve
y aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
ark
dete
rmin
ed u
sing
OPP
met
hods
and
toxi
city
dat
a (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); W
QG
, wat
er-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); >,
gre
ater
than
; μg/
g O
C, m
icro
gram
per
gra
m o
rgan
ic c
arbo
n; μ
g/kg
DW
, mic
rogr
am p
er k
ilogr
am d
ry w
eigh
t; μg
/L, m
icro
gram
per
lite
r; –,
non
e; %
, per
cent
]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sedi
men
t ben
chm
arks
Aqu
atic
-life
toxi
city
Upp
er; l
ower
se
dim
ent
scre
enin
g va
lues
, un
its
Type
of
scre
enin
g va
lue
Exce
eds
benc
hmar
k?
Aqu
atic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
benc
hmar
k
Aqu
atic
-life
to
xici
ty b
in
(1,2
,3 o
r NIA
)
Res
met
hrin
1045
3-86
-8In
sect
icid
e2
––
–0.
14A
F O
PP1
Ryan
odin
e15
662-
33-6
Inse
ctic
ide
2–
––
––
–Su
lfalla
te95
-06-
7H
erbi
cide
2–
––
––
–Su
lpro
fos
3540
0-43
-2In
sect
icid
e2
––
–0.
38A
I EC
OTO
X1
Terb
utry
n88
6-50
-0H
erbi
cide
2–
––
410
AF
ECO
TOX
2Th
iabe
ndaz
ole
148-
79-8
Fung
icid
e2
––
––
––
Toku
thio
n34
643-
46-4
Inse
ctic
ide
2–
––
6,50
0A
F EC
OTO
X2
Toxa
phen
e80
01-3
5-2
Inse
ctic
ide/
ac
aric
ide
249
0 μg
/g O
C;
0.1
µg/k
g D
W
Tier
1 (U
SEPA
ES
G);
ISQ
G
(Can
ada
- In
terim
SQ
G)
No
––
–
Tric
hlor
onat
327-
98-0
Inse
ctic
ide
2–
––
0.05
AI E
CO
TOX
1Tr
imet
haca
rb12
407-
86-2
Inse
ctic
ide/
m
ollu
scic
ide/
do
g an
d ca
t re
pelle
nt
2–
––
––
–
Trip
heny
l pho
spha
te11
5-86
-6–
2–
––
––
–Tr
ithio
n78
6-19
-6In
sect
icid
e/
acar
icid
e2
––
–0.
60A
I EC
OTO
X1
Triti
cona
zole
1319
83-7
2-7
Fung
icid
e2
––
–N
AVN
AVN
IAZo
xam
ide
1560
52-6
8-5
Fung
icid
e2
––
–N
AVN
AVN
IA
Appendix 4. 135Ta
ble
4–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
arks
or t
oxic
ity v
alue
s w
ith re
sulti
ng A
quat
ic-L
ife T
oxic
ity B
ins
and
avai
labl
e se
dim
ent b
ench
mar
ks u
sed
in th
e ev
alua
tion
of p
estic
ides
for
sedi
men
t.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Sed
imen
t scr
eeni
ng
valu
es sh
own
are
the
low
est o
f the
ava
ilabl
e so
urce
s. Pe
stic
ide
com
poun
ds w
ere
dete
rmin
ed to
exc
eed
a be
nchm
ark
if co
ncen
tratio
ns a
t mor
e th
an 5
per
cent
of s
ites e
xcee
d th
e up
per s
cree
ning
val
ue. A
bbre
via-
tions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
F, c
hron
ic fi
sh; C
I, ch
roni
c in
verte
brat
e; C
OW
, chr
onic
Offi
ce o
f W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he P
rote
ctio
n of
Aqu
atic
Life
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
2); D
F >1
0 %
, ben
chm
ark
com
paris
on n
ot a
pplic
able
bec
ause
com
poun
d ha
s det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy
>10
perc
ent (
Tier
1);
ECO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
9a);
ECO
TOX
, tox
icity
va
lue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010a
); ES
G, e
quili
briu
m-p
artit
ioni
ng se
dim
ent g
uide
line
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
4); I
SQG
, int
erim
se
dim
ent-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2002
); N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
NIA
, no
info
rmat
ion
avai
labl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(U.S
Env
i-ro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009b
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009c
); O
PP to
x, to
xici
ty v
alue
from
OPP
rere
gist
ratio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); PE
C, p
roba
ble
effe
ct c
once
ntra
tion
(Mac
Don
ald
and
othe
rs, 2
000)
; PEL
, pro
babl
e ef
fect
leve
l (C
anad
ian
Cou
ncil
of M
inis
ters
of t
he E
nviro
nmen
t, 20
02);
SQ
G, s
edim
ent q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine;
SQ
SV, s
edim
ent-q
ualit
y sc
reen
ing
valu
e (L
opes
and
Fur
long
, 200
1); S
W, s
alt w
ater
; TEC
, thr
esho
ld e
ffect
con
cent
ratio
n (M
acD
onal
d an
d ot
hers
, 200
0); U
SEPA
, U.S
. En
viro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y; U
SGS,
U.S
. Geo
logi
cal S
urve
y aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
ark
dete
rmin
ed u
sing
OPP
met
hods
and
toxi
city
dat
a (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); W
QG
, wat
er-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); >,
gre
ater
than
; μg/
g O
C, m
icro
gram
per
gra
m o
rgan
ic c
arbo
n; μ
g/kg
DW
, mic
rogr
am p
er k
ilogr
am d
ry w
eigh
t; μg
/L, m
icro
gram
per
lite
r; –,
non
e; %
, per
cent
]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sedi
men
t ben
chm
arks
Aqu
atic
-life
toxi
city
Upp
er; l
ower
se
dim
ent
scre
enin
g va
lues
, un
its
Type
of
scre
enin
g va
lue
Exce
eds
benc
hmar
k?
Aqu
atic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
benc
hmar
k
Aqu
atic
-life
to
xici
ty b
in
(1,2
,3 o
r NIA
)
1,2,
3-Tr
ichl
orop
ropa
ne96
-18-
4Fu
mig
ant
3–
––
––
–1,
2-D
ibro
mo-
3-ch
loro
prop
ane
96-1
2-8
Fum
igan
t3
––
––
––
1,2-
Dib
rom
oeth
ane
106-
93-4
Fum
igan
t3
––
––
––
1,2-
Dic
hlor
opro
pane
78-8
7-5
Fum
igan
t/ ad
juva
nt3
––
––
––
1,3-
Dic
hlor
opro
pene
542-
75-6
Fum
igan
t3
––
–45
AI O
PP1
1,4-
Nap
thaq
uino
ne13
0-15
-4D
egra
date
3–
––
83.5
AF
ECO
SAR
21-
Nap
htho
l90
-15-
3D
egra
date
3–
––
100
CF
USG
S2
2,4,
5-TP
(2-[
2,4,
5-
Tric
hlor
ophe
noxy
]pro
pion
ic a
cid)
93-7
2-1
Her
bici
de3
––
–17
0A
I EC
OTO
X2
2,5-
Dic
hlor
oani
line
95-8
2-9
Deg
rada
te3
––
––
––
2-A
min
o-N
-isop
ropy
lben
zam
ide
3039
1-89
-0D
egra
date
3–
––
30C
I EC
OSA
R2
2-Et
hyl-6
-met
hyla
nilin
e24
549-
06-2
Deg
rada
te3
––
–12
CI E
CO
SAR
23-
(4-c
hlor
ophe
nyl)-
1-m
ethy
l ure
a53
52-8
8-5
Deg
rada
te3
––
––
––
3-(T
rifluo
rom
ethy
l)ani
line
98-1
6-8
Deg
rada
te3
––
–1,
350
AI E
CO
TOX
23-
(Trifl
uoro
met
hyl)p
heny
lure
a13
114-
87-9
Deg
rada
te3
––
–28
4C
F EC
OSA
R2
3,4-
Dic
hlor
omet
hyph
enyl
urea
3567
-62-
2D
egra
date
3–
––
72C
F EC
OSA
R2
3,4-
Dic
hlor
ophe
nylu
rea
2327
-02-
8D
egra
date
3–
––
129
AN
VP
ECO
SAR
23-
DC
MT
(3-d
ichl
orom
ethy
l-5-
etho
xy-1
,2,4
-thia
diaz
ole)
NAV
Deg
rada
te3
––
–38
5A
F O
PP to
x2
136 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
4–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
arks
or t
oxic
ity v
alue
s w
ith re
sulti
ng A
quat
ic-L
ife T
oxic
ity B
ins
and
avai
labl
e se
dim
ent b
ench
mar
ks u
sed
in th
e ev
alua
tion
of p
estic
ides
for
sedi
men
t.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Sed
imen
t scr
eeni
ng
valu
es sh
own
are
the
low
est o
f the
ava
ilabl
e so
urce
s. Pe
stic
ide
com
poun
ds w
ere
dete
rmin
ed to
exc
eed
a be
nchm
ark
if co
ncen
tratio
ns a
t mor
e th
an 5
per
cent
of s
ites e
xcee
d th
e up
per s
cree
ning
val
ue. A
bbre
via-
tions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
F, c
hron
ic fi
sh; C
I, ch
roni
c in
verte
brat
e; C
OW
, chr
onic
Offi
ce o
f W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he P
rote
ctio
n of
Aqu
atic
Life
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
2); D
F >1
0 %
, ben
chm
ark
com
paris
on n
ot a
pplic
able
bec
ause
com
poun
d ha
s det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy
>10
perc
ent (
Tier
1);
ECO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
9a);
ECO
TOX
, tox
icity
va
lue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010a
); ES
G, e
quili
briu
m-p
artit
ioni
ng se
dim
ent g
uide
line
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
4); I
SQG
, int
erim
se
dim
ent-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2002
); N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
NIA
, no
info
rmat
ion
avai
labl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(U.S
Env
i-ro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009b
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009c
); O
PP to
x, to
xici
ty v
alue
from
OPP
rere
gist
ratio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); PE
C, p
roba
ble
effe
ct c
once
ntra
tion
(Mac
Don
ald
and
othe
rs, 2
000)
; PEL
, pro
babl
e ef
fect
leve
l (C
anad
ian
Cou
ncil
of M
inis
ters
of t
he E
nviro
nmen
t, 20
02);
SQ
G, s
edim
ent q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine;
SQ
SV, s
edim
ent-q
ualit
y sc
reen
ing
valu
e (L
opes
and
Fur
long
, 200
1); S
W, s
alt w
ater
; TEC
, thr
esho
ld e
ffect
con
cent
ratio
n (M
acD
onal
d an
d ot
hers
, 200
0); U
SEPA
, U.S
. En
viro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y; U
SGS,
U.S
. Geo
logi
cal S
urve
y aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
ark
dete
rmin
ed u
sing
OPP
met
hods
and
toxi
city
dat
a (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); W
QG
, wat
er-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); >,
gre
ater
than
; μg/
g O
C, m
icro
gram
per
gra
m o
rgan
ic c
arbo
n; μ
g/kg
DW
, mic
rogr
am p
er k
ilogr
am d
ry w
eigh
t; μg
/L, m
icro
gram
per
lite
r; –,
non
e; %
, per
cent
]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sedi
men
t ben
chm
arks
Aqu
atic
-life
toxi
city
Upp
er; l
ower
se
dim
ent
scre
enin
g va
lues
, un
its
Type
of
scre
enin
g va
lue
Exce
eds
benc
hmar
k?
Aqu
atic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
benc
hmar
k
Aqu
atic
-life
to
xici
ty b
in
(1,2
,3 o
r NIA
)
3-H
ydro
xyca
rbof
uran
1665
5-82
-6D
egra
date
3–
––
2,25
4C
F EC
OSA
R2
3-K
etoc
arbo
fura
n16
709-
30-1
Deg
rada
te3
––
–1,
272
CF
ECO
SAR
24-
Chl
oro-
2-m
ethy
lphe
nol
1570
-64-
5D
egra
date
3–
––
1,15
0A
F EC
OTO
X2
4-C
hlor
oben
zylm
ethy
l sul
fone
98-5
7-7
Deg
rada
te3
––
–37
,549
CI E
CO
SAR
3A
bam
ectin
7175
1-41
-2In
sect
icid
e3
––
–N
AVN
AVN
IAA
ceph
ate
3056
0-19
-1In
sect
icid
e3
––
–15
0C
I OPP
2A
cequ
inoc
yl57
960-
19-7
Inse
ctic
ide
3–
––
0.71
4C
F EC
OSA
R1
Ace
tam
iprid
1354
10-2
0-7
Inse
ctic
ide
3–
––
104
AF
ECO
SAR
2A
ceto
chlo
r ESA
1870
22-1
1-3
Deg
rada
te3
––
–9,
900
AN
VP
OPP
2A
ceto
chlo
r OA
1849
92-4
4-4
Deg
rada
te3
––
–N
AVN
AVN
IAA
ceto
chlo
r SA
AN
AVD
egra
date
3–
––
NAV
NAV
NIA
Ace
toch
lor/M
etol
achl
or E
SA,
seco
ndar
y am
ide
NAV
Deg
rada
te3
––
–N
AVN
AVN
IA
Aci
benz
olar
1351
58-5
4-2
Fung
icid
e3
––
–5,
206
CF
ECO
SAR
2A
ciflu
orfe
n50
594-
66-6
Her
bici
de3
––
–26
5AV
P O
PP2
AE
C42
1200
(thi
diaz
uron
deg
rada
te)
NAV
Deg
rada
te3
––
–70
,000
AN
VP
OPP
tox
3A
E F1
3234
5 (th
idia
zuro
n de
grad
ate)
NAV
Deg
rada
te3
––
–98
0A
NV
P O
PP to
x2
AE
F132
347
(thid
iazu
ron
degr
adat
e)N
AVD
egra
date
3–
––
980
AN
VP
OPP
tox
2A
lach
lor E
SA14
2363
-53-
9D
egra
date
3–
––
52,0
00A
F O
PP3
Ala
chlo
r OA
1712
62-1
7-2
Deg
rada
te3
––
–47
,500
AF
OPP
2
Appendix 4. 137Ta
ble
4–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
arks
or t
oxic
ity v
alue
s w
ith re
sulti
ng A
quat
ic-L
ife T
oxic
ity B
ins
and
avai
labl
e se
dim
ent b
ench
mar
ks u
sed
in th
e ev
alua
tion
of p
estic
ides
for
sedi
men
t.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Sed
imen
t scr
eeni
ng
valu
es sh
own
are
the
low
est o
f the
ava
ilabl
e so
urce
s. Pe
stic
ide
com
poun
ds w
ere
dete
rmin
ed to
exc
eed
a be
nchm
ark
if co
ncen
tratio
ns a
t mor
e th
an 5
per
cent
of s
ites e
xcee
d th
e up
per s
cree
ning
val
ue. A
bbre
via-
tions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
F, c
hron
ic fi
sh; C
I, ch
roni
c in
verte
brat
e; C
OW
, chr
onic
Offi
ce o
f W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he P
rote
ctio
n of
Aqu
atic
Life
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
2); D
F >1
0 %
, ben
chm
ark
com
paris
on n
ot a
pplic
able
bec
ause
com
poun
d ha
s det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy
>10
perc
ent (
Tier
1);
ECO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
9a);
ECO
TOX
, tox
icity
va
lue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010a
); ES
G, e
quili
briu
m-p
artit
ioni
ng se
dim
ent g
uide
line
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
4); I
SQG
, int
erim
se
dim
ent-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2002
); N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
NIA
, no
info
rmat
ion
avai
labl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(U.S
Env
i-ro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009b
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009c
); O
PP to
x, to
xici
ty v
alue
from
OPP
rere
gist
ratio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); PE
C, p
roba
ble
effe
ct c
once
ntra
tion
(Mac
Don
ald
and
othe
rs, 2
000)
; PEL
, pro
babl
e ef
fect
leve
l (C
anad
ian
Cou
ncil
of M
inis
ters
of t
he E
nviro
nmen
t, 20
02);
SQ
G, s
edim
ent q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine;
SQ
SV, s
edim
ent-q
ualit
y sc
reen
ing
valu
e (L
opes
and
Fur
long
, 200
1); S
W, s
alt w
ater
; TEC
, thr
esho
ld e
ffect
con
cent
ratio
n (M
acD
onal
d an
d ot
hers
, 200
0); U
SEPA
, U.S
. En
viro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y; U
SGS,
U.S
. Geo
logi
cal S
urve
y aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
ark
dete
rmin
ed u
sing
OPP
met
hods
and
toxi
city
dat
a (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); W
QG
, wat
er-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); >,
gre
ater
than
; μg/
g O
C, m
icro
gram
per
gra
m o
rgan
ic c
arbo
n; μ
g/kg
DW
, mic
rogr
am p
er k
ilogr
am d
ry w
eigh
t; μg
/L, m
icro
gram
per
lite
r; –,
non
e; %
, per
cent
]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sedi
men
t ben
chm
arks
Aqu
atic
-life
toxi
city
Upp
er; l
ower
se
dim
ent
scre
enin
g va
lues
, un
its
Type
of
scre
enin
g va
lue
Exce
eds
benc
hmar
k?
Aqu
atic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
benc
hmar
k
Aqu
atic
-life
to
xici
ty b
in
(1,2
,3 o
r NIA
)
Ald
icar
b11
6-06
-3In
sect
icid
e3
––
–0.
46C
F O
PP1
Ald
icar
b su
lfone
1646
-88-
4D
egra
date
3–
––
140
AI O
PP2
Ald
icar
b su
lfoxi
de16
46-8
7-3
Deg
rada
te3
––
–21
.5A
I OPP
1A
lum
inum
pho
sphi
de20
859-
73-8
Fum
igan
t/ fu
ngic
ide
3–
––
––
–
Am
etry
n83
4-12
-8H
erbi
cide
3–
––
3.67
AN
VP
OPP
1A
min
opyr
alid
1501
14-7
1-9
Her
bici
de3
––
–N
AVN
AVN
IAA
mitr
az33
089-
61-1
Inse
ctic
ide
3–
––
––
–A
mitr
ole
61-8
2-5
Her
bici
de3
––
––
––
Am
mon
ium
sulfa
mat
e77
73-0
6-0
Her
bici
de3
––
––
––
Am
oxic
ilin
6133
6-70
-7A
ntib
iotic
3–
––
––
–A
nila
zine
101-
05-3
Fung
icid
e3
––
––
––
Asu
lam
3337
-71-
1H
erbi
cide
3–
––
140
AVP
OPP
tox
2AV
G (A
min
o et
hoxy
vin
yl g
lyci
ne
hydr
ochl
orid
e)49
669-
74-1
Plan
t gro
wth
re
gula
tor
3–
––
––
–
Avig
lyci
ne55
720-
26-8
Plan
t gro
wth
re
gula
tor
3–
––
NAV
NAV
NIA
Aza
dira
chtin
1114
1-17
-6In
sect
icid
e3
––
–2,
000
AF
ECO
TOX
2A
zinp
hos-
met
hyl
86-5
0-0
Inse
ctic
ide
3–
––
0.03
6C
I OPP
1A
zinp
hos-
met
hyl-o
xon
961-
22-8
Deg
rada
te3
––
–1,
461
AN
VP
ECO
SAR
2A
zoxy
stro
bin
1318
60-3
3-8
Fung
icid
e3
––
–44
CI O
PP2
138 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
4–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
arks
or t
oxic
ity v
alue
s w
ith re
sulti
ng A
quat
ic-L
ife T
oxic
ity B
ins
and
avai
labl
e se
dim
ent b
ench
mar
ks u
sed
in th
e ev
alua
tion
of p
estic
ides
for
sedi
men
t.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Sed
imen
t scr
eeni
ng
valu
es sh
own
are
the
low
est o
f the
ava
ilabl
e so
urce
s. Pe
stic
ide
com
poun
ds w
ere
dete
rmin
ed to
exc
eed
a be
nchm
ark
if co
ncen
tratio
ns a
t mor
e th
an 5
per
cent
of s
ites e
xcee
d th
e up
per s
cree
ning
val
ue. A
bbre
via-
tions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
F, c
hron
ic fi
sh; C
I, ch
roni
c in
verte
brat
e; C
OW
, chr
onic
Offi
ce o
f W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he P
rote
ctio
n of
Aqu
atic
Life
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
2); D
F >1
0 %
, ben
chm
ark
com
paris
on n
ot a
pplic
able
bec
ause
com
poun
d ha
s det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy
>10
perc
ent (
Tier
1);
ECO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
9a);
ECO
TOX
, tox
icity
va
lue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010a
); ES
G, e
quili
briu
m-p
artit
ioni
ng se
dim
ent g
uide
line
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
4); I
SQG
, int
erim
se
dim
ent-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2002
); N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
NIA
, no
info
rmat
ion
avai
labl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(U.S
Env
i-ro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009b
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009c
); O
PP to
x, to
xici
ty v
alue
from
OPP
rere
gist
ratio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); PE
C, p
roba
ble
effe
ct c
once
ntra
tion
(Mac
Don
ald
and
othe
rs, 2
000)
; PEL
, pro
babl
e ef
fect
leve
l (C
anad
ian
Cou
ncil
of M
inis
ters
of t
he E
nviro
nmen
t, 20
02);
SQ
G, s
edim
ent q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine;
SQ
SV, s
edim
ent-q
ualit
y sc
reen
ing
valu
e (L
opes
and
Fur
long
, 200
1); S
W, s
alt w
ater
; TEC
, thr
esho
ld e
ffect
con
cent
ratio
n (M
acD
onal
d an
d ot
hers
, 200
0); U
SEPA
, U.S
. En
viro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y; U
SGS,
U.S
. Geo
logi
cal S
urve
y aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
ark
dete
rmin
ed u
sing
OPP
met
hods
and
toxi
city
dat
a (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); W
QG
, wat
er-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); >,
gre
ater
than
; μg/
g O
C, m
icro
gram
per
gra
m o
rgan
ic c
arbo
n; μ
g/kg
DW
, mic
rogr
am p
er k
ilogr
am d
ry w
eigh
t; μg
/L, m
icro
gram
per
lite
r; –,
non
e; %
, per
cent
]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sedi
men
t ben
chm
arks
Aqu
atic
-life
toxi
city
Upp
er; l
ower
se
dim
ent
scre
enin
g va
lues
, un
its
Type
of
scre
enin
g va
lue
Exce
eds
benc
hmar
k?
Aqu
atic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
benc
hmar
k
Aqu
atic
-life
to
xici
ty b
in
(1,2
,3 o
r NIA
)
Bac
illus
thur
ingi
ensi
s68
038-
71-1
Mic
robi
al in
sec-
ticid
e3
––
–N
AVN
AVN
IA
Bar
ban
101-
27-9
Her
bici
de3
––
––
––
Ben
dioc
arb
2278
1-23
-3In
sect
icid
e3
––
––
––
Ben
sulfu
ron-
met
hyl
8305
5-99
-6H
erbi
cide
3–
––
46A
NV
P EC
OSA
R1
Ben
tazo
n25
057-
89-0
Her
bici
de3
––
–4,
500
AN
VP
OPP
2B
enzo
ic a
cid
65-8
5-0
Deg
rada
te3
––
–90
,000
AF
ECO
TOX
3B
ifena
zate
1498
77-4
1-8
Inse
ctic
ide
3–
––
0.05
63A
NV
P EC
OSA
R1
Bife
nox
4257
6-02
-3H
erbi
cide
3–
––
––
–B
ispy
ribac
1254
01-7
5-4
Her
bici
de3
––
–79
3,88
9C
I EC
OSA
R3
Bor
deau
x m
ixtu
reN
AVFu
ngic
ide
3–
––
NAV
NAV
NIA
Bos
calid
1884
25-8
5-6
Fung
icid
e3
––
–11
6C
F O
PP E
coto
x2
Bro
mac
il31
4-40
-9H
erbi
cide
3–
––
6.8
AN
VP
OPP
1B
rom
omet
hane
74-8
3-9
Fum
igan
t/ ad
juva
nt3
––
–10
0C
F O
PP2
Bro
mox
ynil
1689
-84-
5H
erbi
cide
3–
––
2.5
CI U
SGS
1B
TS 2
7919
6039
7-77
-5D
egra
date
3–
––
––
–B
uten
oic
acid
3724
-65-
0Ph
erom
one
3–
––
––
–B
utyl
ate
2008
-41-
5H
erbi
cide
3–
––
105
AF
OPP
2
Appendix 4. 139Ta
ble
4–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
arks
or t
oxic
ity v
alue
s w
ith re
sulti
ng A
quat
ic-L
ife T
oxic
ity B
ins
and
avai
labl
e se
dim
ent b
ench
mar
ks u
sed
in th
e ev
alua
tion
of p
estic
ides
for
sedi
men
t.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Sed
imen
t scr
eeni
ng
valu
es sh
own
are
the
low
est o
f the
ava
ilabl
e so
urce
s. Pe
stic
ide
com
poun
ds w
ere
dete
rmin
ed to
exc
eed
a be
nchm
ark
if co
ncen
tratio
ns a
t mor
e th
an 5
per
cent
of s
ites e
xcee
d th
e up
per s
cree
ning
val
ue. A
bbre
via-
tions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
F, c
hron
ic fi
sh; C
I, ch
roni
c in
verte
brat
e; C
OW
, chr
onic
Offi
ce o
f W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he P
rote
ctio
n of
Aqu
atic
Life
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
2); D
F >1
0 %
, ben
chm
ark
com
paris
on n
ot a
pplic
able
bec
ause
com
poun
d ha
s det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy
>10
perc
ent (
Tier
1);
ECO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
9a);
ECO
TOX
, tox
icity
va
lue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010a
); ES
G, e
quili
briu
m-p
artit
ioni
ng se
dim
ent g
uide
line
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
4); I
SQG
, int
erim
se
dim
ent-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2002
); N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
NIA
, no
info
rmat
ion
avai
labl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(U.S
Env
i-ro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009b
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009c
); O
PP to
x, to
xici
ty v
alue
from
OPP
rere
gist
ratio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); PE
C, p
roba
ble
effe
ct c
once
ntra
tion
(Mac
Don
ald
and
othe
rs, 2
000)
; PEL
, pro
babl
e ef
fect
leve
l (C
anad
ian
Cou
ncil
of M
inis
ters
of t
he E
nviro
nmen
t, 20
02);
SQ
G, s
edim
ent q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine;
SQ
SV, s
edim
ent-q
ualit
y sc
reen
ing
valu
e (L
opes
and
Fur
long
, 200
1); S
W, s
alt w
ater
; TEC
, thr
esho
ld e
ffect
con
cent
ratio
n (M
acD
onal
d an
d ot
hers
, 200
0); U
SEPA
, U.S
. En
viro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y; U
SGS,
U.S
. Geo
logi
cal S
urve
y aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
ark
dete
rmin
ed u
sing
OPP
met
hods
and
toxi
city
dat
a (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); W
QG
, wat
er-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); >,
gre
ater
than
; μg/
g O
C, m
icro
gram
per
gra
m o
rgan
ic c
arbo
n; μ
g/kg
DW
, mic
rogr
am p
er k
ilogr
am d
ry w
eigh
t; μg
/L, m
icro
gram
per
lite
r; –,
non
e; %
, per
cent
]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sedi
men
t ben
chm
arks
Aqu
atic
-life
toxi
city
Upp
er; l
ower
se
dim
ent
scre
enin
g va
lues
, un
its
Type
of
scre
enin
g va
lue
Exce
eds
benc
hmar
k?
Aqu
atic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
benc
hmar
k
Aqu
atic
-life
to
xici
ty b
in
(1,2
,3 o
r NIA
)
Cac
odyl
ic a
cid
75-6
0-5
Her
bici
de/
defo
liant
3–
––
17,1
00A
NV
P O
PP to
x2
Cap
tan
133-
06-2
Fung
icid
e3
––
–13
.1A
F O
PP1
Car
bon
disu
lfide
75-1
5-0
Fum
igan
t/ ad
juva
nt3
––
––
––
Car
boxi
n52
34-6
8-4
Fung
icid
e3
––
–37
0A
NV
P O
PP2
Car
fent
razo
ne12
8639
-02-
1H
erbi
cide
3–
––
0.07
72A
NV
P EC
OSA
R1
Chl
oram
ben
met
hyl e
ster
7286
-84-
2H
erbi
cide
3–
––
NAV
NAV
NIA
Chl
ordi
mef
orm
6164
-98-
3In
sect
icid
e3
––
––
––
Chl
oret
hoxy
fos
5459
3-83
-8In
sect
icid
e3
––
–1.
15A
F EC
OTO
X1
Chl
orfe
napy
r12
2453
-73-
0In
sect
icid
e3
––
––
––
Chl
orim
uron
-eth
yl90
982-
32-4
Her
bici
de3
––
–4,
200
AF
ECO
TOX
2C
hlor
meq
uat
7003
-89-
6Pl
ant g
row
th
regu
lato
r3
––
––
––
Chl
orob
enzi
late
510-
15-6
Inse
ctic
ide
3–
––
––
–C
hlor
oneb
2675
-77-
6Fu
ngic
ide
3–
––
871
CI E
CO
SAR
2C
hlor
opic
rin76
-06-
2Fu
mig
ant/
nem
atoc
ide
3–
––
8.49
AF
OPP
1
Chl
orpr
opha
m10
1-21
-3H
erbi
cide
/ pl
ant g
row
th
regu
lato
r
3–
––
––
–
140 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
4–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
arks
or t
oxic
ity v
alue
s w
ith re
sulti
ng A
quat
ic-L
ife T
oxic
ity B
ins
and
avai
labl
e se
dim
ent b
ench
mar
ks u
sed
in th
e ev
alua
tion
of p
estic
ides
for
sedi
men
t.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Sed
imen
t scr
eeni
ng
valu
es sh
own
are
the
low
est o
f the
ava
ilabl
e so
urce
s. Pe
stic
ide
com
poun
ds w
ere
dete
rmin
ed to
exc
eed
a be
nchm
ark
if co
ncen
tratio
ns a
t mor
e th
an 5
per
cent
of s
ites e
xcee
d th
e up
per s
cree
ning
val
ue. A
bbre
via-
tions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
F, c
hron
ic fi
sh; C
I, ch
roni
c in
verte
brat
e; C
OW
, chr
onic
Offi
ce o
f W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he P
rote
ctio
n of
Aqu
atic
Life
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
2); D
F >1
0 %
, ben
chm
ark
com
paris
on n
ot a
pplic
able
bec
ause
com
poun
d ha
s det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy
>10
perc
ent (
Tier
1);
ECO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
9a);
ECO
TOX
, tox
icity
va
lue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010a
); ES
G, e
quili
briu
m-p
artit
ioni
ng se
dim
ent g
uide
line
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
4); I
SQG
, int
erim
se
dim
ent-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2002
); N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
NIA
, no
info
rmat
ion
avai
labl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(U.S
Env
i-ro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009b
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009c
); O
PP to
x, to
xici
ty v
alue
from
OPP
rere
gist
ratio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); PE
C, p
roba
ble
effe
ct c
once
ntra
tion
(Mac
Don
ald
and
othe
rs, 2
000)
; PEL
, pro
babl
e ef
fect
leve
l (C
anad
ian
Cou
ncil
of M
inis
ters
of t
he E
nviro
nmen
t, 20
02);
SQ
G, s
edim
ent q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine;
SQ
SV, s
edim
ent-q
ualit
y sc
reen
ing
valu
e (L
opes
and
Fur
long
, 200
1); S
W, s
alt w
ater
; TEC
, thr
esho
ld e
ffect
con
cent
ratio
n (M
acD
onal
d an
d ot
hers
, 200
0); U
SEPA
, U.S
. En
viro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y; U
SGS,
U.S
. Geo
logi
cal S
urve
y aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
ark
dete
rmin
ed u
sing
OPP
met
hods
and
toxi
city
dat
a (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); W
QG
, wat
er-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); >,
gre
ater
than
; μg/
g O
C, m
icro
gram
per
gra
m o
rgan
ic c
arbo
n; μ
g/kg
DW
, mic
rogr
am p
er k
ilogr
am d
ry w
eigh
t; μg
/L, m
icro
gram
per
lite
r; –,
non
e; %
, per
cent
]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sedi
men
t ben
chm
arks
Aqu
atic
-life
toxi
city
Upp
er; l
ower
se
dim
ent
scre
enin
g va
lues
, un
its
Type
of
scre
enin
g va
lue
Exce
eds
benc
hmar
k?
Aqu
atic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
benc
hmar
k
Aqu
atic
-life
to
xici
ty b
in
(1,2
,3 o
r NIA
)
Chl
orpy
rifos
oxy
gen
anal
og55
98-1
5-2
Deg
rada
te3
––
–27
3C
F EC
OSA
R2
Chl
orpy
ripho
s-m
ethy
l55
98-1
3-0
Inse
ctic
ide
3–
––
––
–C
hlor
sulfu
ron
6490
2-72
-3H
erbi
cide
3–
––
0.35
AVP
OPP
tox
1C
inna
mal
dehy
de10
4-55
-2D
og a
nd c
at
repe
llent
/ fu
ngic
ide/
in
sect
icid
e
3–
––
––
–
cis-
1,3-
Dic
hlor
opro
pene
1006
1-01
-5Fu
mig
ant
3–
––
45A
I OPP
(1.3
- di
chlo
ropr
open
e)1
Cle
thod
im99
129-
21-2
Her
bici
de3
––
–9,
500
AF
ECO
TOX
2C
lodi
nafo
p11
4420
-56-
3H
erbi
cide
3–
––
1,45
5A
F EC
OSA
R2
Clo
maz
one
8177
7-89
-1H
erbi
cide
3–
––
2,60
0A
I EC
OTO
X2
Clo
pyra
lid17
02-1
7-6
Her
bici
de3
––
–56
,500
AI O
PP3
Clo
rans
ulam
1595
18-9
7-5
Her
bici
de3
––
–N
AVN
AVN
IAC
loth
iani
din
2055
10-5
3-8
Inse
ctic
ide
3–
––
NAV
NAV
NIA
Cop
per o
xych
lorid
e13
32-6
5-6
Fung
icid
e3
––
–9
(c
oppe
r)C
OW
1
Cup
rous
oxi
de13
17-3
9-1
Fung
icid
e/
inse
ctic
ide
3–
––
9
(cop
per)
C O
W1
Cya
nam
ide
420-
04-2
Plan
t gro
wth
re
gula
tor/
herb
icid
e
3–
––
267,
161
CI E
CO
SAR
3
Appendix 4. 141Ta
ble
4–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
arks
or t
oxic
ity v
alue
s w
ith re
sulti
ng A
quat
ic-L
ife T
oxic
ity B
ins
and
avai
labl
e se
dim
ent b
ench
mar
ks u
sed
in th
e ev
alua
tion
of p
estic
ides
for
sedi
men
t.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Sed
imen
t scr
eeni
ng
valu
es sh
own
are
the
low
est o
f the
ava
ilabl
e so
urce
s. Pe
stic
ide
com
poun
ds w
ere
dete
rmin
ed to
exc
eed
a be
nchm
ark
if co
ncen
tratio
ns a
t mor
e th
an 5
per
cent
of s
ites e
xcee
d th
e up
per s
cree
ning
val
ue. A
bbre
via-
tions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
F, c
hron
ic fi
sh; C
I, ch
roni
c in
verte
brat
e; C
OW
, chr
onic
Offi
ce o
f W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he P
rote
ctio
n of
Aqu
atic
Life
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
2); D
F >1
0 %
, ben
chm
ark
com
paris
on n
ot a
pplic
able
bec
ause
com
poun
d ha
s det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy
>10
perc
ent (
Tier
1);
ECO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
9a);
ECO
TOX
, tox
icity
va
lue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010a
); ES
G, e
quili
briu
m-p
artit
ioni
ng se
dim
ent g
uide
line
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
4); I
SQG
, int
erim
se
dim
ent-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2002
); N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
NIA
, no
info
rmat
ion
avai
labl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(U.S
Env
i-ro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009b
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009c
); O
PP to
x, to
xici
ty v
alue
from
OPP
rere
gist
ratio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); PE
C, p
roba
ble
effe
ct c
once
ntra
tion
(Mac
Don
ald
and
othe
rs, 2
000)
; PEL
, pro
babl
e ef
fect
leve
l (C
anad
ian
Cou
ncil
of M
inis
ters
of t
he E
nviro
nmen
t, 20
02);
SQ
G, s
edim
ent q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine;
SQ
SV, s
edim
ent-q
ualit
y sc
reen
ing
valu
e (L
opes
and
Fur
long
, 200
1); S
W, s
alt w
ater
; TEC
, thr
esho
ld e
ffect
con
cent
ratio
n (M
acD
onal
d an
d ot
hers
, 200
0); U
SEPA
, U.S
. En
viro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y; U
SGS,
U.S
. Geo
logi
cal S
urve
y aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
ark
dete
rmin
ed u
sing
OPP
met
hods
and
toxi
city
dat
a (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); W
QG
, wat
er-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); >,
gre
ater
than
; μg/
g O
C, m
icro
gram
per
gra
m o
rgan
ic c
arbo
n; μ
g/kg
DW
, mic
rogr
am p
er k
ilogr
am d
ry w
eigh
t; μg
/L, m
icro
gram
per
lite
r; –,
non
e; %
, per
cent
]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sedi
men
t ben
chm
arks
Aqu
atic
-life
toxi
city
Upp
er; l
ower
se
dim
ent
scre
enin
g va
lues
, un
its
Type
of
scre
enin
g va
lue
Exce
eds
benc
hmar
k?
Aqu
atic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
benc
hmar
k
Aqu
atic
-life
to
xici
ty b
in
(1,2
,3 o
r NIA
)
Cya
nazi
ne21
725-
46-2
Her
bici
de3
––
–1,
000
AI E
CO
TOX
2C
yana
zine
aci
dN
AVD
egra
date
3–
––
NAV
NAV
NIA
Cya
nazi
ne a
mid
eN
AVD
egra
date
3–
––
NAV
NAV
NIA
Cya
zofa
mid
1201
16-8
8-3
Fung
icid
e3
––
–N
AVN
AVN
IAC
ycla
nilid
e11
3136
-77-
9Pl
ant g
row
th
regu
lato
r3
––
–2,
500
AI E
CO
TOX
2
Cyc
loat
e11
34-2
3-2
Her
bici
de3
––
–1,
300
AI O
PP2
Cyh
alof
op12
2008
-78-
0H
erbi
cide
3–
––
93C
F EC
OSA
R2
Cym
oxan
il57
966-
95-7
Fung
icid
e3
––
–14
,000
AI E
CO
TOX
2C
yrom
azin
e66
215-
27-8
Inse
ctic
ide
3–
––
125,
000
AI E
CO
TOX
3D
alap
on75
-99-
0H
erbi
cide
3–
––
––
–D
amin
ozid
e15
96-8
4-5
Plan
t gro
wth
re
gula
tor
3–
––
––
–
Daz
omet
533-
74-4
Fum
igan
t/ fu
ngic
ide/
ne
mat
icid
e
3–
––
––
–
Dec
hlor
oace
toch
lor
NAV
Deg
rada
te3
––
–N
AVN
AVN
IAD
echl
orod
imet
hena
mid
NAV
Deg
rada
te3
––
–N
AVN
AVN
IAD
eeth
ylat
razi
ne61
90-6
5-4
Deg
rada
te3
––
–1,
000
AN
VP
OPP
2D
eeth
ylcy
anaz
ine
NAV
Deg
rada
te3
––
–N
AVN
AVN
IA
142 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
4–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
arks
or t
oxic
ity v
alue
s w
ith re
sulti
ng A
quat
ic-L
ife T
oxic
ity B
ins
and
avai
labl
e se
dim
ent b
ench
mar
ks u
sed
in th
e ev
alua
tion
of p
estic
ides
for
sedi
men
t.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Sed
imen
t scr
eeni
ng
valu
es sh
own
are
the
low
est o
f the
ava
ilabl
e so
urce
s. Pe
stic
ide
com
poun
ds w
ere
dete
rmin
ed to
exc
eed
a be
nchm
ark
if co
ncen
tratio
ns a
t mor
e th
an 5
per
cent
of s
ites e
xcee
d th
e up
per s
cree
ning
val
ue. A
bbre
via-
tions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
F, c
hron
ic fi
sh; C
I, ch
roni
c in
verte
brat
e; C
OW
, chr
onic
Offi
ce o
f W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he P
rote
ctio
n of
Aqu
atic
Life
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
2); D
F >1
0 %
, ben
chm
ark
com
paris
on n
ot a
pplic
able
bec
ause
com
poun
d ha
s det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy
>10
perc
ent (
Tier
1);
ECO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
9a);
ECO
TOX
, tox
icity
va
lue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010a
); ES
G, e
quili
briu
m-p
artit
ioni
ng se
dim
ent g
uide
line
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
4); I
SQG
, int
erim
se
dim
ent-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2002
); N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
NIA
, no
info
rmat
ion
avai
labl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(U.S
Env
i-ro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009b
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009c
); O
PP to
x, to
xici
ty v
alue
from
OPP
rere
gist
ratio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); PE
C, p
roba
ble
effe
ct c
once
ntra
tion
(Mac
Don
ald
and
othe
rs, 2
000)
; PEL
, pro
babl
e ef
fect
leve
l (C
anad
ian
Cou
ncil
of M
inis
ters
of t
he E
nviro
nmen
t, 20
02);
SQ
G, s
edim
ent q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine;
SQ
SV, s
edim
ent-q
ualit
y sc
reen
ing
valu
e (L
opes
and
Fur
long
, 200
1); S
W, s
alt w
ater
; TEC
, thr
esho
ld e
ffect
con
cent
ratio
n (M
acD
onal
d an
d ot
hers
, 200
0); U
SEPA
, U.S
. En
viro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y; U
SGS,
U.S
. Geo
logi
cal S
urve
y aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
ark
dete
rmin
ed u
sing
OPP
met
hods
and
toxi
city
dat
a (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); W
QG
, wat
er-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); >,
gre
ater
than
; μg/
g O
C, m
icro
gram
per
gra
m o
rgan
ic c
arbo
n; μ
g/kg
DW
, mic
rogr
am p
er k
ilogr
am d
ry w
eigh
t; μg
/L, m
icro
gram
per
lite
r; –,
non
e; %
, per
cent
]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sedi
men
t ben
chm
arks
Aqu
atic
-life
toxi
city
Upp
er; l
ower
se
dim
ent
scre
enin
g va
lues
, un
its
Type
of
scre
enin
g va
lue
Exce
eds
benc
hmar
k?
Aqu
atic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
benc
hmar
k
Aqu
atic
-life
to
xici
ty b
in
(1,2
,3 o
r NIA
)
Dee
thyl
cyan
azin
e ac
idN
AVD
egra
date
3–
––
NAV
NAV
NIA
Dee
thyl
cyan
azin
e am
ide
NAV
Deg
rada
te3
––
–N
AVN
AVN
IAD
eiso
prop
ylat
razi
ne10
07-2
8-9
Deg
rada
te3
––
–2,
500
AN
VP
OPP
2D
eiso
prop
ylhy
drox
yatra
zine
7313
-54-
4D
egra
date
3–
––
58C
I EC
OSA
R2
Del
tam
ethr
in52
918-
63-5
Inse
ctic
ide
3–
––
0.01
45A
I EC
OTO
X1
Dem
ethy
l fluo
met
uron
NAV
Deg
rada
te3
––
–N
AVN
AVN
IAD
emet
hyl n
orflu
razo
nN
AVD
egra
date
3–
––
NAV
NAV
NIA
Dem
eton
8065
-48-
3In
sect
icid
e/
nem
atic
ide
3–
––
––
–
Des
med
ipha
m13
684-
56-5
Her
bici
de3
––
–22
0A
NV
P O
PP to
x2
Di-a
llate
2303
-16-
4H
erbi
cide
3–
––
––
–D
iazi
non
oxyg
en a
nalo
g96
2-58
-3D
egra
date
3–
––
3,02
0C
F EC
OSA
R2
Dic
amba
1918
-00-
9H
erbi
cide
3–
––
61A
NV
P O
PP2
Dic
hlob
enil
1194
-65-
6H
erbi
cide
3–
––
30AV
P O
PP1
Dic
hlon
e11
7-80
-6Fu
ngic
ide
3–
––
––
–D
ichl
orpr
op12
0-36
-5H
erbi
cide
3–
––
2,68
0AV
P O
PP to
x2
Dic
hlor
vos
62-7
3-7
Inse
ctic
ide/
fu
mig
ant/
degr
adat
e
3–
––
––
–
Dic
lofo
p40
843-
25-2
Her
bici
de3
––
–3,
191
CF
ECO
SAR
2
Appendix 4. 143Ta
ble
4–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
arks
or t
oxic
ity v
alue
s w
ith re
sulti
ng A
quat
ic-L
ife T
oxic
ity B
ins
and
avai
labl
e se
dim
ent b
ench
mar
ks u
sed
in th
e ev
alua
tion
of p
estic
ides
for
sedi
men
t.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Sed
imen
t scr
eeni
ng
valu
es sh
own
are
the
low
est o
f the
ava
ilabl
e so
urce
s. Pe
stic
ide
com
poun
ds w
ere
dete
rmin
ed to
exc
eed
a be
nchm
ark
if co
ncen
tratio
ns a
t mor
e th
an 5
per
cent
of s
ites e
xcee
d th
e up
per s
cree
ning
val
ue. A
bbre
via-
tions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
F, c
hron
ic fi
sh; C
I, ch
roni
c in
verte
brat
e; C
OW
, chr
onic
Offi
ce o
f W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he P
rote
ctio
n of
Aqu
atic
Life
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
2); D
F >1
0 %
, ben
chm
ark
com
paris
on n
ot a
pplic
able
bec
ause
com
poun
d ha
s det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy
>10
perc
ent (
Tier
1);
ECO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
9a);
ECO
TOX
, tox
icity
va
lue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010a
); ES
G, e
quili
briu
m-p
artit
ioni
ng se
dim
ent g
uide
line
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
4); I
SQG
, int
erim
se
dim
ent-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2002
); N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
NIA
, no
info
rmat
ion
avai
labl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(U.S
Env
i-ro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009b
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009c
); O
PP to
x, to
xici
ty v
alue
from
OPP
rere
gist
ratio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); PE
C, p
roba
ble
effe
ct c
once
ntra
tion
(Mac
Don
ald
and
othe
rs, 2
000)
; PEL
, pro
babl
e ef
fect
leve
l (C
anad
ian
Cou
ncil
of M
inis
ters
of t
he E
nviro
nmen
t, 20
02);
SQ
G, s
edim
ent q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine;
SQ
SV, s
edim
ent-q
ualit
y sc
reen
ing
valu
e (L
opes
and
Fur
long
, 200
1); S
W, s
alt w
ater
; TEC
, thr
esho
ld e
ffect
con
cent
ratio
n (M
acD
onal
d an
d ot
hers
, 200
0); U
SEPA
, U.S
. En
viro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y; U
SGS,
U.S
. Geo
logi
cal S
urve
y aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
ark
dete
rmin
ed u
sing
OPP
met
hods
and
toxi
city
dat
a (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); W
QG
, wat
er-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); >,
gre
ater
than
; μg/
g O
C, m
icro
gram
per
gra
m o
rgan
ic c
arbo
n; μ
g/kg
DW
, mic
rogr
am p
er k
ilogr
am d
ry w
eigh
t; μg
/L, m
icro
gram
per
lite
r; –,
non
e; %
, per
cent
]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sedi
men
t ben
chm
arks
Aqu
atic
-life
toxi
city
Upp
er; l
ower
se
dim
ent
scre
enin
g va
lues
, un
its
Type
of
scre
enin
g va
lue
Exce
eds
benc
hmar
k?
Aqu
atic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
benc
hmar
k
Aqu
atic
-life
to
xici
ty b
in
(1,2
,3 o
r NIA
)
Dic
losu
lam
1457
01-2
1-9
Her
bici
de3
––
–N
AVN
AVN
IAD
icro
toph
os14
1-66
-2In
sect
icid
e3
––
–0.
99C
I OPP
1D
idea
lkyl
atra
zine
3397
-62-
4D
egra
date
3–
––
50,0
00A
F O
PP2
Die
that
yl38
727-
55-8
Her
bici
de3
––
––
––
Difl
uben
zuro
n35
367-
38-5
Inse
ctic
ide
3–
––
0.06
CI O
PP to
x1
Difl
ufen
zopy
r10
9293
-97-
2H
erbi
cide
3–
––
0.62
6A
NV
P EC
OSA
R1
Dim
ethe
nam
id87
674-
68-8
Her
bici
de3
––
–1,
300
AF
ECO
TOX
2D
imet
hena
mid
ESA
NAV
Deg
rada
te3
––
–N
AVN
AVN
IAD
imet
hena
mid
OA
NAV
Deg
rada
te3
––
–N
AVN
AVN
IAD
imet
hena
mid
-P16
3515
-14-
8H
erbi
cide
3–
––
8.9
AVP
OPP
1D
imet
hipi
n55
290-
64-7
Plan
t gro
wth
re
gula
tor/
defo
liant
3–
––
1,00
0C
I OPP
tox
2
Dim
etho
ate
60-5
1-5
Inse
ctic
ide
3–
––
0.5
CI O
PP1
Dim
etho
mor
ph11
0488
-70-
5Fu
ngic
ide
3–
––
152
CF
ECO
SAR
2D
inot
efur
an16
5252
-70-
0In
sect
icid
e3
––
–N
AVN
AVN
IAD
iphe
nam
id95
7-51
-7H
erbi
cide
3–
––
––
–D
isul
foto
n su
lfone
2497
-06-
5D
egra
date
3–
––
0.14
CI O
PP1
Dis
ulfo
ton
sulfo
xide
2497
-07-
6D
egra
date
3–
––
1.53
CI O
PP1
DN
OC
(4,6
-Din
itro-
o-cr
esol
)53
4-52
-1H
erbi
cide
3–
––
33A
F EC
OTO
X1
144 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
4–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
arks
or t
oxic
ity v
alue
s w
ith re
sulti
ng A
quat
ic-L
ife T
oxic
ity B
ins
and
avai
labl
e se
dim
ent b
ench
mar
ks u
sed
in th
e ev
alua
tion
of p
estic
ides
for
sedi
men
t.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Sed
imen
t scr
eeni
ng
valu
es sh
own
are
the
low
est o
f the
ava
ilabl
e so
urce
s. Pe
stic
ide
com
poun
ds w
ere
dete
rmin
ed to
exc
eed
a be
nchm
ark
if co
ncen
tratio
ns a
t mor
e th
an 5
per
cent
of s
ites e
xcee
d th
e up
per s
cree
ning
val
ue. A
bbre
via-
tions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
F, c
hron
ic fi
sh; C
I, ch
roni
c in
verte
brat
e; C
OW
, chr
onic
Offi
ce o
f W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he P
rote
ctio
n of
Aqu
atic
Life
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
2); D
F >1
0 %
, ben
chm
ark
com
paris
on n
ot a
pplic
able
bec
ause
com
poun
d ha
s det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy
>10
perc
ent (
Tier
1);
ECO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
9a);
ECO
TOX
, tox
icity
va
lue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010a
); ES
G, e
quili
briu
m-p
artit
ioni
ng se
dim
ent g
uide
line
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
4); I
SQG
, int
erim
se
dim
ent-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2002
); N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
NIA
, no
info
rmat
ion
avai
labl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(U.S
Env
i-ro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009b
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009c
); O
PP to
x, to
xici
ty v
alue
from
OPP
rere
gist
ratio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); PE
C, p
roba
ble
effe
ct c
once
ntra
tion
(Mac
Don
ald
and
othe
rs, 2
000)
; PEL
, pro
babl
e ef
fect
leve
l (C
anad
ian
Cou
ncil
of M
inis
ters
of t
he E
nviro
nmen
t, 20
02);
SQ
G, s
edim
ent q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine;
SQ
SV, s
edim
ent-q
ualit
y sc
reen
ing
valu
e (L
opes
and
Fur
long
, 200
1); S
W, s
alt w
ater
; TEC
, thr
esho
ld e
ffect
con
cent
ratio
n (M
acD
onal
d an
d ot
hers
, 200
0); U
SEPA
, U.S
. En
viro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y; U
SGS,
U.S
. Geo
logi
cal S
urve
y aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
ark
dete
rmin
ed u
sing
OPP
met
hods
and
toxi
city
dat
a (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); W
QG
, wat
er-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); >,
gre
ater
than
; μg/
g O
C, m
icro
gram
per
gra
m o
rgan
ic c
arbo
n; μ
g/kg
DW
, mic
rogr
am p
er k
ilogr
am d
ry w
eigh
t; μg
/L, m
icro
gram
per
lite
r; –,
non
e; %
, per
cent
]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sedi
men
t ben
chm
arks
Aqu
atic
-life
toxi
city
Upp
er; l
ower
se
dim
ent
scre
enin
g va
lues
, un
its
Type
of
scre
enin
g va
lue
Exce
eds
benc
hmar
k?
Aqu
atic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
benc
hmar
k
Aqu
atic
-life
to
xici
ty b
in
(1,2
,3 o
r NIA
)
Dod
ine
2439
-10-
3Fu
ngic
ide
3–
––
0.95
AN
VP
OPP
tox
1D
SMA
(Dis
odiu
m m
ethy
lars
onat
e)14
4-21
-8H
erbi
cide
3–
––
––
–E-
Dim
etho
mor
phe1
1048
8-70
-5Fu
ngic
ide
3–
––
––
–En
doth
all
145-
73-3
Her
bici
de3
––
–1.
9A
NV
P O
PP to
x1
EPN
(O-E
thyl
O-[
4-ni
troph
enyl
] P-
phen
ylph
osph
onot
hioa
te)
2104
-64-
5In
sect
icid
e3
––
––
––
Etha
met
sulfu
ron
9778
0-06
-8H
erbi
cide
3–
––
––
–Et
heph
on16
672-
87-0
Plan
t gro
wth
re
gula
tor
3–
––
2,50
0AV
P O
PP to
x2
Etho
fum
esat
e26
225-
79-6
Her
bici
de3
––
–25
0C
I OPP
tox
2Et
hopr
op13
194-
48-4
Inse
ctic
ide
3–
––
22A
I OPP
1Et
hyle
neth
iour
ea (E
TU)
96-4
5-7
Deg
rada
te3
––
–2
CI O
PP1
Etof
enpr
ox80
844-
07-1
Inse
ctic
ide
3–
––
5.25
AI E
CO
TOX
1Et
oxaz
ole
1532
33-9
1-1
Inse
ctic
ide
3–
––
1.07
CF
ECO
SAR
1Et
ridia
zole
2593
-15-
9Fu
ngic
ide
3–
––
120
CF
OPP
tox
2Fa
mox
adon
e13
1807
-57-
3Fu
ngic
ide
3–
––
1.47
CF
ECO
SAR
1Fe
nam
idon
e16
1326
-34-
7Fu
ngic
ide
3–
––
NAV
NAV
NIA
Fena
mip
hos
2222
4-92
-6In
sect
icid
e3
––
–0.
12C
I USG
S1
Fena
mip
hos s
ulfo
ne31
972-
44-8
Deg
rada
te3
––
–58
6.5
AF
USG
S2
Fena
mip
hos s
ulfo
xide
3197
2-43
-7D
egra
date
3–
––
3.75
AI U
SGS
1Fe
nhex
amid
1268
33-1
7-8
Fung
icid
e3
––
–N
AVN
AVN
IA
Appendix 4. 145Ta
ble
4–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
arks
or t
oxic
ity v
alue
s w
ith re
sulti
ng A
quat
ic-L
ife T
oxic
ity B
ins
and
avai
labl
e se
dim
ent b
ench
mar
ks u
sed
in th
e ev
alua
tion
of p
estic
ides
for
sedi
men
t.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Sed
imen
t scr
eeni
ng
valu
es sh
own
are
the
low
est o
f the
ava
ilabl
e so
urce
s. Pe
stic
ide
com
poun
ds w
ere
dete
rmin
ed to
exc
eed
a be
nchm
ark
if co
ncen
tratio
ns a
t mor
e th
an 5
per
cent
of s
ites e
xcee
d th
e up
per s
cree
ning
val
ue. A
bbre
via-
tions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
F, c
hron
ic fi
sh; C
I, ch
roni
c in
verte
brat
e; C
OW
, chr
onic
Offi
ce o
f W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he P
rote
ctio
n of
Aqu
atic
Life
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
2); D
F >1
0 %
, ben
chm
ark
com
paris
on n
ot a
pplic
able
bec
ause
com
poun
d ha
s det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy
>10
perc
ent (
Tier
1);
ECO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
9a);
ECO
TOX
, tox
icity
va
lue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010a
); ES
G, e
quili
briu
m-p
artit
ioni
ng se
dim
ent g
uide
line
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
4); I
SQG
, int
erim
se
dim
ent-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2002
); N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
NIA
, no
info
rmat
ion
avai
labl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(U.S
Env
i-ro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009b
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009c
); O
PP to
x, to
xici
ty v
alue
from
OPP
rere
gist
ratio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); PE
C, p
roba
ble
effe
ct c
once
ntra
tion
(Mac
Don
ald
and
othe
rs, 2
000)
; PEL
, pro
babl
e ef
fect
leve
l (C
anad
ian
Cou
ncil
of M
inis
ters
of t
he E
nviro
nmen
t, 20
02);
SQ
G, s
edim
ent q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine;
SQ
SV, s
edim
ent-q
ualit
y sc
reen
ing
valu
e (L
opes
and
Fur
long
, 200
1); S
W, s
alt w
ater
; TEC
, thr
esho
ld e
ffect
con
cent
ratio
n (M
acD
onal
d an
d ot
hers
, 200
0); U
SEPA
, U.S
. En
viro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y; U
SGS,
U.S
. Geo
logi
cal S
urve
y aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
ark
dete
rmin
ed u
sing
OPP
met
hods
and
toxi
city
dat
a (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); W
QG
, wat
er-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); >,
gre
ater
than
; μg/
g O
C, m
icro
gram
per
gra
m o
rgan
ic c
arbo
n; μ
g/kg
DW
, mic
rogr
am p
er k
ilogr
am d
ry w
eigh
t; μg
/L, m
icro
gram
per
lite
r; –,
non
e; %
, per
cent
]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sedi
men
t ben
chm
arks
Aqu
atic
-life
toxi
city
Upp
er; l
ower
se
dim
ent
scre
enin
g va
lues
, un
its
Type
of
scre
enin
g va
lue
Exce
eds
benc
hmar
k?
Aqu
atic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
benc
hmar
k
Aqu
atic
-life
to
xici
ty b
in
(1,2
,3 o
r NIA
)
Feni
troth
ion
122-
14-5
Inse
ctic
ide
3–
––
0.08
7C
I OPP
1Fe
noxa
prop
6644
1-23
-4H
erbi
cide
3–
––
155
AF
ECO
TOX
2Fe
noxy
carb
7912
7-80
-3In
sect
icid
e/
plan
t gro
wth
re
gula
tor
3–
––
––
–
Fens
ulfo
thio
n11
5-90
-2In
sect
icid
e/
nem
atoc
ide
3–
––
––
–
Fent
hion
sulfo
ne37
61-4
2-0
Deg
rada
te3
––
––
––
Fent
hion
sulfo
xide
3761
-41-
9D
egra
date
3–
––
––
–Fe
nuro
n10
1-42
-8H
erbi
cide
3–
––
NAV
NAV
NIA
Ferb
am14
484-
64-1
Fung
icid
e3
––
–50
0A
F O
PP to
x2
Flon
icam
id15
8062
-67-
0In
sect
icid
e3
––
–N
AVN
AVN
IAFl
uazi
fop
6933
5-91
-7H
erbi
cide
3–
––
10,9
56C
I EC
OSA
R3
Fluc
arba
zone
1812
74-1
7-9
Her
bici
de3
––
–N
AVN
AVN
IAFl
umet
sula
m98
967-
40-9
Her
bici
de3
––
–12
7,00
0A
I EC
OTO
X3
Flum
iclo
rac
8754
6-18
-7H
erbi
cide
3–
––
1.49
CF
ECO
SAR
1Fl
umio
xazi
n10
3361
-09-
7H
erbi
cide
3–
––
891
CF
ECO
SAR
2Fl
uom
etur
on21
64-1
7-2
Her
bici
de3
––
–30
AN
VP
OPP
1Fl
urid
one
5975
6-60
-4H
erbi
cide
3–
––
––
–Fl
urox
ypyr
6937
7-81
-7H
erbi
cide
3–
––
7,15
0A
F EC
OTO
X2
Flut
hiac
et-m
ethy
l11
7337
-19-
6H
erbi
cide
3–
––
0.07
57A
NV
P EC
OSA
R1
146 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
4–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
arks
or t
oxic
ity v
alue
s w
ith re
sulti
ng A
quat
ic-L
ife T
oxic
ity B
ins
and
avai
labl
e se
dim
ent b
ench
mar
ks u
sed
in th
e ev
alua
tion
of p
estic
ides
for
sedi
men
t.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Sed
imen
t scr
eeni
ng
valu
es sh
own
are
the
low
est o
f the
ava
ilabl
e so
urce
s. Pe
stic
ide
com
poun
ds w
ere
dete
rmin
ed to
exc
eed
a be
nchm
ark
if co
ncen
tratio
ns a
t mor
e th
an 5
per
cent
of s
ites e
xcee
d th
e up
per s
cree
ning
val
ue. A
bbre
via-
tions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
F, c
hron
ic fi
sh; C
I, ch
roni
c in
verte
brat
e; C
OW
, chr
onic
Offi
ce o
f W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he P
rote
ctio
n of
Aqu
atic
Life
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
2); D
F >1
0 %
, ben
chm
ark
com
paris
on n
ot a
pplic
able
bec
ause
com
poun
d ha
s det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy
>10
perc
ent (
Tier
1);
ECO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
9a);
ECO
TOX
, tox
icity
va
lue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010a
); ES
G, e
quili
briu
m-p
artit
ioni
ng se
dim
ent g
uide
line
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
4); I
SQG
, int
erim
se
dim
ent-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2002
); N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
NIA
, no
info
rmat
ion
avai
labl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(U.S
Env
i-ro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009b
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009c
); O
PP to
x, to
xici
ty v
alue
from
OPP
rere
gist
ratio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); PE
C, p
roba
ble
effe
ct c
once
ntra
tion
(Mac
Don
ald
and
othe
rs, 2
000)
; PEL
, pro
babl
e ef
fect
leve
l (C
anad
ian
Cou
ncil
of M
inis
ters
of t
he E
nviro
nmen
t, 20
02);
SQ
G, s
edim
ent q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine;
SQ
SV, s
edim
ent-q
ualit
y sc
reen
ing
valu
e (L
opes
and
Fur
long
, 200
1); S
W, s
alt w
ater
; TEC
, thr
esho
ld e
ffect
con
cent
ratio
n (M
acD
onal
d an
d ot
hers
, 200
0); U
SEPA
, U.S
. En
viro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y; U
SGS,
U.S
. Geo
logi
cal S
urve
y aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
ark
dete
rmin
ed u
sing
OPP
met
hods
and
toxi
city
dat
a (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); W
QG
, wat
er-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); >,
gre
ater
than
; μg/
g O
C, m
icro
gram
per
gra
m o
rgan
ic c
arbo
n; μ
g/kg
DW
, mic
rogr
am p
er k
ilogr
am d
ry w
eigh
t; μg
/L, m
icro
gram
per
lite
r; –,
non
e; %
, per
cent
]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sedi
men
t ben
chm
arks
Aqu
atic
-life
toxi
city
Upp
er; l
ower
se
dim
ent
scre
enin
g va
lues
, un
its
Type
of
scre
enin
g va
lue
Exce
eds
benc
hmar
k?
Aqu
atic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
benc
hmar
k
Aqu
atic
-life
to
xici
ty b
in
(1,2
,3 o
r NIA
)
Flut
riafo
l76
674-
21-0
Fung
icid
e3
––
–15
7C
F EC
OSA
R2
Folp
et13
3-07
-3Fu
ngic
ide
3–
––
––
–Fo
mes
afen
7217
8-02
-0H
erbi
cide
3–
––
120
AN
VP
OPP
tox
2Fo
nofo
s oxy
gen
anal
og94
4-21
-8D
egra
date
3–
––
––
–Fo
ram
sulfu
ron
1731
59-5
7-4
Her
bici
de3
––
–N
AVN
AVN
IAFo
rmet
anat
e hy
droc
hlor
ide
2342
2-53
-9In
sect
icid
e3
––
–0.
5C
I OPP
tox
1Fo
sam
ine
2595
4-13
-6H
erbi
cide
3–
––
––
–Fo
sety
l alu
min
um39
148-
24-8
Fung
icid
e3
––
–4,
990
AN
VP
OPP
tox
2G
alle
xN
AVB
acte
ricid
e3
––
––
––
gam
ma-
Am
inob
utyr
ic a
cid
56-1
2-2
Plan
t gro
wth
re
gula
tor/
fung
icid
e
3–
––
431
CI E
CO
SAR
2
Gib
bere
llic
acid
77-0
6-5
Plan
t gro
wth
re
gula
tor
3–
––
71,5
00A
I OPP
tox
3
Glu
fosi
nate
5127
6-47
-2H
erbi
cide
3–
––
821
CI E
CO
SAR
2H
alos
ulfu
ron-
met
hyl
1007
84-2
0-1
Her
bici
de3
––
–49
AN
VP
ECO
SAR
1H
exyt
hiaz
ox78
587-
05-0
Inse
ctic
ide
3–
––
0.6
CI O
PP to
x1
Hyd
ram
ethy
lnon
6748
5-29
-4In
sect
icid
e3
––
––
––
Hyd
roxy
acet
ochl
or60
090-
47-3
Deg
rada
te3
––
–N
AVN
AVN
IAH
ydro
xydi
met
hana
mid
NAV
Deg
rada
te3
––
–N
AVN
AVN
IA
Appendix 4. 147Ta
ble
4–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
arks
or t
oxic
ity v
alue
s w
ith re
sulti
ng A
quat
ic-L
ife T
oxic
ity B
ins
and
avai
labl
e se
dim
ent b
ench
mar
ks u
sed
in th
e ev
alua
tion
of p
estic
ides
for
sedi
men
t.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Sed
imen
t scr
eeni
ng
valu
es sh
own
are
the
low
est o
f the
ava
ilabl
e so
urce
s. Pe
stic
ide
com
poun
ds w
ere
dete
rmin
ed to
exc
eed
a be
nchm
ark
if co
ncen
tratio
ns a
t mor
e th
an 5
per
cent
of s
ites e
xcee
d th
e up
per s
cree
ning
val
ue. A
bbre
via-
tions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
F, c
hron
ic fi
sh; C
I, ch
roni
c in
verte
brat
e; C
OW
, chr
onic
Offi
ce o
f W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he P
rote
ctio
n of
Aqu
atic
Life
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
2); D
F >1
0 %
, ben
chm
ark
com
paris
on n
ot a
pplic
able
bec
ause
com
poun
d ha
s det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy
>10
perc
ent (
Tier
1);
ECO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
9a);
ECO
TOX
, tox
icity
va
lue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010a
); ES
G, e
quili
briu
m-p
artit
ioni
ng se
dim
ent g
uide
line
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
4); I
SQG
, int
erim
se
dim
ent-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2002
); N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
NIA
, no
info
rmat
ion
avai
labl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(U.S
Env
i-ro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009b
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009c
); O
PP to
x, to
xici
ty v
alue
from
OPP
rere
gist
ratio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); PE
C, p
roba
ble
effe
ct c
once
ntra
tion
(Mac
Don
ald
and
othe
rs, 2
000)
; PEL
, pro
babl
e ef
fect
leve
l (C
anad
ian
Cou
ncil
of M
inis
ters
of t
he E
nviro
nmen
t, 20
02);
SQ
G, s
edim
ent q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine;
SQ
SV, s
edim
ent-q
ualit
y sc
reen
ing
valu
e (L
opes
and
Fur
long
, 200
1); S
W, s
alt w
ater
; TEC
, thr
esho
ld e
ffect
con
cent
ratio
n (M
acD
onal
d an
d ot
hers
, 200
0); U
SEPA
, U.S
. En
viro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y; U
SGS,
U.S
. Geo
logi
cal S
urve
y aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
ark
dete
rmin
ed u
sing
OPP
met
hods
and
toxi
city
dat
a (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); W
QG
, wat
er-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); >,
gre
ater
than
; μg/
g O
C, m
icro
gram
per
gra
m o
rgan
ic c
arbo
n; μ
g/kg
DW
, mic
rogr
am p
er k
ilogr
am d
ry w
eigh
t; μg
/L, m
icro
gram
per
lite
r; –,
non
e; %
, per
cent
]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sedi
men
t ben
chm
arks
Aqu
atic
-life
toxi
city
Upp
er; l
ower
se
dim
ent
scre
enin
g va
lues
, un
its
Type
of
scre
enin
g va
lue
Exce
eds
benc
hmar
k?
Aqu
atic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
benc
hmar
k
Aqu
atic
-life
to
xici
ty b
in
(1,2
,3 o
r NIA
)
Hyd
roxy
prop
anoi
c ac
id79
-33-
4Pl
ant g
row
th
regu
lato
r3
––
––
––
Hyd
roxy
sim
azin
e25
99-1
1-3
Deg
rada
te3
––
–N
AVN
AVN
IAIm
azam
etha
benz
8140
5-85
-8H
erbi
cide
3–
––
110,
000
AI E
CO
TOX
3Im
azap
ic10
4098
-48-
8H
erbi
cide
3–
––
1,70
6C
F EC
OSA
R2
Imaz
apyr
8133
4-34
-1H
erbi
cide
3–
––
18AV
P O
PP1
Imaz
aqui
n81
335-
37-7
Her
bici
de3
––
–14
0,00
0A
F EC
OTO
X3
Imaz
etha
pyr
8133
5-77
-5H
erbi
cide
3–
––
120,
000
AF
ECO
TOX
3Im
idac
lopr
id13
8261
-41-
3In
sect
icid
e3
––
–1.
05C
I OPP
1In
doly
l-but
yric
aci
d13
3-32
-4Pl
ant g
row
th
regu
lato
r3
––
––
––
Indo
xaca
rb17
3584
-44-
6In
sect
icid
e3
––
–0.
0989
AN
VP
ECO
SAR
1Io
dosu
lfuro
n14
4550
-36-
7H
erbi
cide
3–
––
NAV
NAV
NIA
Isod
rin46
5-73
-6In
sect
icid
e3
––
––
––
Isox
aflut
ole
1411
12-2
9-0
Her
bici
de3
––
–4.
9AV
P O
PP1
Lact
ofen
8351
3-60
-4H
erbi
cide
3–
––
NAV
NAV
NIA
L-G
luta
mic
aci
d56
-86-
0Pl
ant g
row
th
regu
lato
r/ fu
ngic
ide
3–
––
648
CI E
CO
SAR
2
Mal
aoxo
n16
34-7
8-2
Deg
rada
te3
––
–2.
7A
I EC
OTO
X1
148 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
4–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
arks
or t
oxic
ity v
alue
s w
ith re
sulti
ng A
quat
ic-L
ife T
oxic
ity B
ins
and
avai
labl
e se
dim
ent b
ench
mar
ks u
sed
in th
e ev
alua
tion
of p
estic
ides
for
sedi
men
t.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Sed
imen
t scr
eeni
ng
valu
es sh
own
are
the
low
est o
f the
ava
ilabl
e so
urce
s. Pe
stic
ide
com
poun
ds w
ere
dete
rmin
ed to
exc
eed
a be
nchm
ark
if co
ncen
tratio
ns a
t mor
e th
an 5
per
cent
of s
ites e
xcee
d th
e up
per s
cree
ning
val
ue. A
bbre
via-
tions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
F, c
hron
ic fi
sh; C
I, ch
roni
c in
verte
brat
e; C
OW
, chr
onic
Offi
ce o
f W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he P
rote
ctio
n of
Aqu
atic
Life
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
2); D
F >1
0 %
, ben
chm
ark
com
paris
on n
ot a
pplic
able
bec
ause
com
poun
d ha
s det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy
>10
perc
ent (
Tier
1);
ECO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
9a);
ECO
TOX
, tox
icity
va
lue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010a
); ES
G, e
quili
briu
m-p
artit
ioni
ng se
dim
ent g
uide
line
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
4); I
SQG
, int
erim
se
dim
ent-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2002
); N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
NIA
, no
info
rmat
ion
avai
labl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(U.S
Env
i-ro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009b
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009c
); O
PP to
x, to
xici
ty v
alue
from
OPP
rere
gist
ratio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); PE
C, p
roba
ble
effe
ct c
once
ntra
tion
(Mac
Don
ald
and
othe
rs, 2
000)
; PEL
, pro
babl
e ef
fect
leve
l (C
anad
ian
Cou
ncil
of M
inis
ters
of t
he E
nviro
nmen
t, 20
02);
SQ
G, s
edim
ent q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine;
SQ
SV, s
edim
ent-q
ualit
y sc
reen
ing
valu
e (L
opes
and
Fur
long
, 200
1); S
W, s
alt w
ater
; TEC
, thr
esho
ld e
ffect
con
cent
ratio
n (M
acD
onal
d an
d ot
hers
, 200
0); U
SEPA
, U.S
. En
viro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y; U
SGS,
U.S
. Geo
logi
cal S
urve
y aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
ark
dete
rmin
ed u
sing
OPP
met
hods
and
toxi
city
dat
a (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); W
QG
, wat
er-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); >,
gre
ater
than
; μg/
g O
C, m
icro
gram
per
gra
m o
rgan
ic c
arbo
n; μ
g/kg
DW
, mic
rogr
am p
er k
ilogr
am d
ry w
eigh
t; μg
/L, m
icro
gram
per
lite
r; –,
non
e; %
, per
cent
]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sedi
men
t ben
chm
arks
Aqu
atic
-life
toxi
city
Upp
er; l
ower
se
dim
ent
scre
enin
g va
lues
, un
its
Type
of
scre
enin
g va
lue
Exce
eds
benc
hmar
k?
Aqu
atic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
benc
hmar
k
Aqu
atic
-life
to
xici
ty b
in
(1,2
,3 o
r NIA
)
Mal
athi
on12
1-75
-5In
sect
icid
e3
0.62
; 0.0
67,
μg/g
OC
Tier
1; T
ier 2
(U
SEPA
ESG
)N
o0.
0000
26C
I OPP
1
Mal
eic
hydr
azid
e12
3-33
-1Pl
ant g
row
th
regu
lato
r3
––
–10
2,00
0A
NV
P O
PP to
x3
Man
coze
b80
18-0
1-7
Fung
icid
e3
––
–47
AN
VP
OPP
1M
aneb
1242
7-38
-2Fu
ngic
ide
3–
––
13.4
AN
VP
OPP
1M
BC
(Car
bend
azim
)10
605-
21-7
Deg
rada
te3
––
–2
CF
OPP
tox
1
MC
PA (2
-Met
hyl-4
- ch
loro
phen
oxya
cetic
aci
d)94
-74-
6H
erbi
cide
3–
––
170
AVP
OPP
2
MC
PB (4
-[4-
Chl
oro-
2-
met
hylp
heno
xy]b
utan
oic
acid
)94
-81-
5H
erbi
cide
3–
––
210
AVP
OPP
2
MC
PP-p
(Mec
opro
p-p)
1648
4-77
-8H
erbi
cide
3–
––
45,5
00A
I OPP
2M
efen
oxam
7063
0-17
-0Fu
ngic
ide
3–
––
14,0
00A
I OPP
2M
eflui
dide
5378
0-34
-0H
erbi
cide
/ pl
ant g
row
th
regu
lato
r
3–
––
––
–
Mep
iqua
t chl
orid
e24
307-
26-4
Plan
t gro
wth
re
gula
tor
3–
––
12,5
00C
I OPP
tox
3
Mer
phos
150-
50-5
Def
olia
nt/
plan
t gro
wth
re
gula
tor
3–
––
––
–
Mes
osul
furo
n20
8465
-21-
8H
erbi
cide
3–
––
NAV
NAV
NIA
Appendix 4. 149Ta
ble
4–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
arks
or t
oxic
ity v
alue
s w
ith re
sulti
ng A
quat
ic-L
ife T
oxic
ity B
ins
and
avai
labl
e se
dim
ent b
ench
mar
ks u
sed
in th
e ev
alua
tion
of p
estic
ides
for
sedi
men
t.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Sed
imen
t scr
eeni
ng
valu
es sh
own
are
the
low
est o
f the
ava
ilabl
e so
urce
s. Pe
stic
ide
com
poun
ds w
ere
dete
rmin
ed to
exc
eed
a be
nchm
ark
if co
ncen
tratio
ns a
t mor
e th
an 5
per
cent
of s
ites e
xcee
d th
e up
per s
cree
ning
val
ue. A
bbre
via-
tions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
F, c
hron
ic fi
sh; C
I, ch
roni
c in
verte
brat
e; C
OW
, chr
onic
Offi
ce o
f W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he P
rote
ctio
n of
Aqu
atic
Life
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
2); D
F >1
0 %
, ben
chm
ark
com
paris
on n
ot a
pplic
able
bec
ause
com
poun
d ha
s det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy
>10
perc
ent (
Tier
1);
ECO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
9a);
ECO
TOX
, tox
icity
va
lue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010a
); ES
G, e
quili
briu
m-p
artit
ioni
ng se
dim
ent g
uide
line
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
4); I
SQG
, int
erim
se
dim
ent-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2002
); N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
NIA
, no
info
rmat
ion
avai
labl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(U.S
Env
i-ro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009b
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009c
); O
PP to
x, to
xici
ty v
alue
from
OPP
rere
gist
ratio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); PE
C, p
roba
ble
effe
ct c
once
ntra
tion
(Mac
Don
ald
and
othe
rs, 2
000)
; PEL
, pro
babl
e ef
fect
leve
l (C
anad
ian
Cou
ncil
of M
inis
ters
of t
he E
nviro
nmen
t, 20
02);
SQ
G, s
edim
ent q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine;
SQ
SV, s
edim
ent-q
ualit
y sc
reen
ing
valu
e (L
opes
and
Fur
long
, 200
1); S
W, s
alt w
ater
; TEC
, thr
esho
ld e
ffect
con
cent
ratio
n (M
acD
onal
d an
d ot
hers
, 200
0); U
SEPA
, U.S
. En
viro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y; U
SGS,
U.S
. Geo
logi
cal S
urve
y aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
ark
dete
rmin
ed u
sing
OPP
met
hods
and
toxi
city
dat
a (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); W
QG
, wat
er-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); >,
gre
ater
than
; μg/
g O
C, m
icro
gram
per
gra
m o
rgan
ic c
arbo
n; μ
g/kg
DW
, mic
rogr
am p
er k
ilogr
am d
ry w
eigh
t; μg
/L, m
icro
gram
per
lite
r; –,
non
e; %
, per
cent
]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sedi
men
t ben
chm
arks
Aqu
atic
-life
toxi
city
Upp
er; l
ower
se
dim
ent
scre
enin
g va
lues
, un
its
Type
of
scre
enin
g va
lue
Exce
eds
benc
hmar
k?
Aqu
atic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
benc
hmar
k
Aqu
atic
-life
to
xici
ty b
in
(1,2
,3 o
r NIA
)
Mes
otrio
ne10
4206
-82-
8H
erbi
cide
3–
––
NAV
NAV
NIA
Met
alax
yl57
837-
19-1
Fung
icid
e3
––
–1,
200
CI O
PP2
Met
alde
hyde
9002
-91-
9In
sect
icid
e3
––
–34
,500
AF
OPP
tox
2M
etam
pot
assi
um13
7-41
-7Fu
mig
ant/
fung
icid
e/
mic
robi
ocid
e/
alga
ecid
e/
nem
atic
ide
3–
––
38,3
38A
NV
P EC
OSA
R2
Met
am so
dium
137-
42-8
Fum
igan
t/ he
rbic
ide/
fu
ngic
ide/
m
icro
bioc
ide/
al
gaec
ide
3–
––
25.6
AF
OPP
1
Met
ham
idop
hos
1026
5-92
-6In
sect
icid
e3
––
–4.
5C
I OPP
1M
etha
zole
2035
4-26
-1H
erbi
cide
3–
––
––
–M
ethi
dath
ion
950-
37-8
Inse
ctic
ide
3–
––
0.66
CI O
PP1
Met
hom
yl16
752-
77-5
Inse
ctic
ide
3–
––
0.7
CI O
PP1
Met
hom
yl-o
xim
e13
749-
94-5
Deg
rada
te3
––
–15
CI E
CO
SAR
2M
ethy
l iod
ide
74-8
8-4
Fum
igan
t/ ne
mat
icid
e3
––
–14
,453
CI E
CO
SAR
3
150 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
4–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
arks
or t
oxic
ity v
alue
s w
ith re
sulti
ng A
quat
ic-L
ife T
oxic
ity B
ins
and
avai
labl
e se
dim
ent b
ench
mar
ks u
sed
in th
e ev
alua
tion
of p
estic
ides
for
sedi
men
t.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Sed
imen
t scr
eeni
ng
valu
es sh
own
are
the
low
est o
f the
ava
ilabl
e so
urce
s. Pe
stic
ide
com
poun
ds w
ere
dete
rmin
ed to
exc
eed
a be
nchm
ark
if co
ncen
tratio
ns a
t mor
e th
an 5
per
cent
of s
ites e
xcee
d th
e up
per s
cree
ning
val
ue. A
bbre
via-
tions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
F, c
hron
ic fi
sh; C
I, ch
roni
c in
verte
brat
e; C
OW
, chr
onic
Offi
ce o
f W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he P
rote
ctio
n of
Aqu
atic
Life
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
2); D
F >1
0 %
, ben
chm
ark
com
paris
on n
ot a
pplic
able
bec
ause
com
poun
d ha
s det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy
>10
perc
ent (
Tier
1);
ECO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
9a);
ECO
TOX
, tox
icity
va
lue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010a
); ES
G, e
quili
briu
m-p
artit
ioni
ng se
dim
ent g
uide
line
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
4); I
SQG
, int
erim
se
dim
ent-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2002
); N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
NIA
, no
info
rmat
ion
avai
labl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(U.S
Env
i-ro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009b
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009c
); O
PP to
x, to
xici
ty v
alue
from
OPP
rere
gist
ratio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); PE
C, p
roba
ble
effe
ct c
once
ntra
tion
(Mac
Don
ald
and
othe
rs, 2
000)
; PEL
, pro
babl
e ef
fect
leve
l (C
anad
ian
Cou
ncil
of M
inis
ters
of t
he E
nviro
nmen
t, 20
02);
SQ
G, s
edim
ent q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine;
SQ
SV, s
edim
ent-q
ualit
y sc
reen
ing
valu
e (L
opes
and
Fur
long
, 200
1); S
W, s
alt w
ater
; TEC
, thr
esho
ld e
ffect
con
cent
ratio
n (M
acD
onal
d an
d ot
hers
, 200
0); U
SEPA
, U.S
. En
viro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y; U
SGS,
U.S
. Geo
logi
cal S
urve
y aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
ark
dete
rmin
ed u
sing
OPP
met
hods
and
toxi
city
dat
a (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); W
QG
, wat
er-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); >,
gre
ater
than
; μg/
g O
C, m
icro
gram
per
gra
m o
rgan
ic c
arbo
n; μ
g/kg
DW
, mic
rogr
am p
er k
ilogr
am d
ry w
eigh
t; μg
/L, m
icro
gram
per
lite
r; –,
non
e; %
, per
cent
]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sedi
men
t ben
chm
arks
Aqu
atic
-life
toxi
city
Upp
er; l
ower
se
dim
ent
scre
enin
g va
lues
, un
its
Type
of
scre
enin
g va
lue
Exce
eds
benc
hmar
k?
Aqu
atic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
benc
hmar
k
Aqu
atic
-life
to
xici
ty b
in
(1,2
,3 o
r NIA
)
Met
hyl i
soth
iocy
anat
e55
6-61
-6Fu
mig
ant/
inse
ctic
ide/
he
rbic
ide/
ne
mat
icid
e/
brea
kdow
n
prod
uct
3–
––
––
–
Met
iram
9006
-42-
2Fu
ngic
ide
3–
––
77A
NV
P O
PP to
x2
Met
olac
hlor
ESA
1711
18-0
9-5
Deg
rada
te3
––
–24
,000
AF
OPP
2M
etol
achl
or O
A15
2019
7-33
- D
egra
date
3–
––
7,70
0A
I OPP
2M
etrib
uzin
2108
7-64
-9H
erbi
cide
3–
––
8.7
AN
VP
OPP
1M
etsu
lfuro
n-m
ethy
l74
223-
64-6
Her
bici
de3
––
–27
5,00
0A
F EC
OTO
X3
Mev
inph
os77
86-3
4-7
Inse
ctic
ide/
ac
aric
ide
3–
––
––
–
MH
PC (M
ethy
l N-[
3-hy
drox
yphe
nol]
carb
amat
e)13
683-
89-1
Deg
rada
te3
––
–7,
000
AI O
PP to
x2
Mon
ocro
tofo
s69
23-2
2-4
Inse
ctic
ide/
ac
aric
ide
3–
––
––
–
MSM
A (M
onos
odiu
m m
ethy
lars
enat
e)21
63-8
0-6
Her
bici
de3
––
–2,
800
AN
VP
OPP
tox
2N
AD
(Nic
otin
amid
e ad
enin
e
dinu
cleo
tide)
53-8
4-9
Oth
er3
––
––
––
Nal
ed30
0-76
-5In
sect
icid
e3
––
–0.
045
CI O
PP1
Appendix 4. 151Ta
ble
4–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
arks
or t
oxic
ity v
alue
s w
ith re
sulti
ng A
quat
ic-L
ife T
oxic
ity B
ins
and
avai
labl
e se
dim
ent b
ench
mar
ks u
sed
in th
e ev
alua
tion
of p
estic
ides
for
sedi
men
t.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Sed
imen
t scr
eeni
ng
valu
es sh
own
are
the
low
est o
f the
ava
ilabl
e so
urce
s. Pe
stic
ide
com
poun
ds w
ere
dete
rmin
ed to
exc
eed
a be
nchm
ark
if co
ncen
tratio
ns a
t mor
e th
an 5
per
cent
of s
ites e
xcee
d th
e up
per s
cree
ning
val
ue. A
bbre
via-
tions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
F, c
hron
ic fi
sh; C
I, ch
roni
c in
verte
brat
e; C
OW
, chr
onic
Offi
ce o
f W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he P
rote
ctio
n of
Aqu
atic
Life
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
2); D
F >1
0 %
, ben
chm
ark
com
paris
on n
ot a
pplic
able
bec
ause
com
poun
d ha
s det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy
>10
perc
ent (
Tier
1);
ECO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
9a);
ECO
TOX
, tox
icity
va
lue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010a
); ES
G, e
quili
briu
m-p
artit
ioni
ng se
dim
ent g
uide
line
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
4); I
SQG
, int
erim
se
dim
ent-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2002
); N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
NIA
, no
info
rmat
ion
avai
labl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(U.S
Env
i-ro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009b
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009c
); O
PP to
x, to
xici
ty v
alue
from
OPP
rere
gist
ratio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); PE
C, p
roba
ble
effe
ct c
once
ntra
tion
(Mac
Don
ald
and
othe
rs, 2
000)
; PEL
, pro
babl
e ef
fect
leve
l (C
anad
ian
Cou
ncil
of M
inis
ters
of t
he E
nviro
nmen
t, 20
02);
SQ
G, s
edim
ent q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine;
SQ
SV, s
edim
ent-q
ualit
y sc
reen
ing
valu
e (L
opes
and
Fur
long
, 200
1); S
W, s
alt w
ater
; TEC
, thr
esho
ld e
ffect
con
cent
ratio
n (M
acD
onal
d an
d ot
hers
, 200
0); U
SEPA
, U.S
. En
viro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y; U
SGS,
U.S
. Geo
logi
cal S
urve
y aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
ark
dete
rmin
ed u
sing
OPP
met
hods
and
toxi
city
dat
a (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); W
QG
, wat
er-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); >,
gre
ater
than
; μg/
g O
C, m
icro
gram
per
gra
m o
rgan
ic c
arbo
n; μ
g/kg
DW
, mic
rogr
am p
er k
ilogr
am d
ry w
eigh
t; μg
/L, m
icro
gram
per
lite
r; –,
non
e; %
, per
cent
]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sedi
men
t ben
chm
arks
Aqu
atic
-life
toxi
city
Upp
er; l
ower
se
dim
ent
scre
enin
g va
lues
, un
its
Type
of
scre
enin
g va
lue
Exce
eds
benc
hmar
k?
Aqu
atic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
benc
hmar
k
Aqu
atic
-life
to
xici
ty b
in
(1,2
,3 o
r NIA
)
Nap
hthy
lace
tic a
cid
(NA
A)
86-8
7-3
Plan
t gro
wth
re
gula
tor
3–
––
14,0
00A
F EC
OTO
X2
Nap
tala
m13
2-66
-1H
erbi
cide
3–
––
59,2
50A
I OPP
tox
3N
icos
ulfu
ron
1119
91-0
9-4
Her
bici
de3
––
–46
AN
VP
ECO
SAR
1N
orflu
razo
n27
314-
13-2
Her
bici
de3
––
–9.
7A
NV
P O
PP1
Nor
uron
1853
0-56
-8H
erbi
cide
3–
––
––
–o,
p′-M
etho
xych
lor
3066
7-99
-3In
sect
icid
e3
––
––
––
O-E
thyl
-O-m
ethy
l-S-
prop
ylph
osph
orot
hioa
te76
960-
87-7
Deg
rada
te3
––
–N
AVN
AVN
IA
Orth
osul
fam
uron
2134
64-7
7-8
Her
bici
de3
––
–N
AVN
AVN
IAO
xam
yl23
135-
22-0
Inse
ctic
ide
3–
––
90A
I OPP
2O
xam
yl o
xim
e30
558-
43-1
Deg
rada
te3
––
–35
CI E
CO
SAR
2O
xyde
met
on-m
ethy
l30
1-12
-2In
sect
icid
e3
––
–5
CF
OPP
1O
xyth
ioqu
inox
2439
-01-
2In
sect
icid
e3
––
––
––
Para
oxon
-eth
yl31
1-45
-5D
egra
date
3–
––
––
–Pa
raox
on-m
ethy
l95
0-35
-6D
egra
date
3–
––
1C
I OPP
1Pe
larg
onic
aci
d11
2-05
-0H
erbi
cide
/ fu
ngic
ide
3–
––
––
–
Peni
cilli
n G
61-3
3-6
Ant
ibio
tic3
––
––
––
Peno
xsul
am21
9714
-96-
2H
erbi
cide
3–
––
NAV
NAV
NIA
152 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
4–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
arks
or t
oxic
ity v
alue
s w
ith re
sulti
ng A
quat
ic-L
ife T
oxic
ity B
ins
and
avai
labl
e se
dim
ent b
ench
mar
ks u
sed
in th
e ev
alua
tion
of p
estic
ides
for
sedi
men
t.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Sed
imen
t scr
eeni
ng
valu
es sh
own
are
the
low
est o
f the
ava
ilabl
e so
urce
s. Pe
stic
ide
com
poun
ds w
ere
dete
rmin
ed to
exc
eed
a be
nchm
ark
if co
ncen
tratio
ns a
t mor
e th
an 5
per
cent
of s
ites e
xcee
d th
e up
per s
cree
ning
val
ue. A
bbre
via-
tions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
F, c
hron
ic fi
sh; C
I, ch
roni
c in
verte
brat
e; C
OW
, chr
onic
Offi
ce o
f W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he P
rote
ctio
n of
Aqu
atic
Life
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
2); D
F >1
0 %
, ben
chm
ark
com
paris
on n
ot a
pplic
able
bec
ause
com
poun
d ha
s det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy
>10
perc
ent (
Tier
1);
ECO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
9a);
ECO
TOX
, tox
icity
va
lue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010a
); ES
G, e
quili
briu
m-p
artit
ioni
ng se
dim
ent g
uide
line
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
4); I
SQG
, int
erim
se
dim
ent-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2002
); N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
NIA
, no
info
rmat
ion
avai
labl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(U.S
Env
i-ro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009b
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009c
); O
PP to
x, to
xici
ty v
alue
from
OPP
rere
gist
ratio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); PE
C, p
roba
ble
effe
ct c
once
ntra
tion
(Mac
Don
ald
and
othe
rs, 2
000)
; PEL
, pro
babl
e ef
fect
leve
l (C
anad
ian
Cou
ncil
of M
inis
ters
of t
he E
nviro
nmen
t, 20
02);
SQ
G, s
edim
ent q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine;
SQ
SV, s
edim
ent-q
ualit
y sc
reen
ing
valu
e (L
opes
and
Fur
long
, 200
1); S
W, s
alt w
ater
; TEC
, thr
esho
ld e
ffect
con
cent
ratio
n (M
acD
onal
d an
d ot
hers
, 200
0); U
SEPA
, U.S
. En
viro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y; U
SGS,
U.S
. Geo
logi
cal S
urve
y aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
ark
dete
rmin
ed u
sing
OPP
met
hods
and
toxi
city
dat
a (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); W
QG
, wat
er-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); >,
gre
ater
than
; μg/
g O
C, m
icro
gram
per
gra
m o
rgan
ic c
arbo
n; μ
g/kg
DW
, mic
rogr
am p
er k
ilogr
am d
ry w
eigh
t; μg
/L, m
icro
gram
per
lite
r; –,
non
e; %
, per
cent
]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sedi
men
t ben
chm
arks
Aqu
atic
-life
toxi
city
Upp
er; l
ower
se
dim
ent
scre
enin
g va
lues
, un
its
Type
of
scre
enin
g va
lue
Exce
eds
benc
hmar
k?
Aqu
atic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
benc
hmar
k
Aqu
atic
-life
to
xici
ty b
in
(1,2
,3 o
r NIA
)
Phor
ate
oxon
2600
-69-
3D
egra
date
3–
––
5,54
9C
F EC
OSA
R2
Phos
alon
e23
10-1
7-0
Inse
ctic
ide
3–
––
––
–Ph
osm
et o
xon
3735
-33-
9D
egra
date
3–
––
1,50
7A
NV
P EC
OSA
R2
Phos
pham
idon
1317
1-21
-6In
sect
icid
e3
––
––
––
Picl
oram
1918
-02-
1H
erbi
cide
3–
––
550
CF
OPP
2Pi
noxa
den
2439
73-2
0-8
Her
bici
de3
––
–1,
200
AN
VP
OPP
2Pi
pero
nyl b
utox
ide
51-0
3-6
Syne
rgis
t3
––
–30
CI O
PP to
x2
Pirim
icar
b23
103-
98-2
Inse
ctic
ide
3–
––
––
–Po
tass
ium
ole
ate
143-
18-0
Adj
uvan
t3
––
–1.
84E+
20A
NV
P EC
OSA
R3
Prim
isul
furo
n86
209-
51-0
Her
bici
de3
––
–10
5,00
0A
F EC
OTO
X3
Prof
enof
os41
198-
08-7
Inse
ctic
ide
3–
––
0.2
CI O
PP1
Proh
exad
ione
8880
5-35
-0Fu
ngic
ide
3–
––
541,
135
CI E
CO
SAR
3Pr
omet
on16
10-1
8-0
Her
bici
de3
––
–98
AN
VP
OPP
2Pr
opac
hlor
1918
-16-
7H
erbi
cide
3–
––
13.5
AN
VP
OPP
1Pr
opac
hlor
ESA
NAV
Deg
rada
te3
––
––
––
Prop
achl
or O
AN
AVD
egra
date
3–
––
––
–Pr
opam
ocar
b24
579-
73-5
Fung
icid
e3
––
–6,
300
CF
OPP
tox
2Pr
opan
il70
9-98
-8H
erbi
cide
3–
––
9.1
CF
OPP
1Pr
opaz
ine
139-
40-2
Her
bici
de3
––
–5,
500
AI E
CO
TOX
2Pr
opet
amph
os31
218-
83-4
Inse
ctic
ide
3–
––
1.65
AI O
PP1
Appendix 4. 153
Tabl
e 4–
1.
Aqua
tic-li
fe b
ench
mar
ks o
r tox
icity
val
ues
with
resu
lting
Aqu
atic
-Life
Tox
icity
Bin
s an
d av
aila
ble
sedi
men
t ben
chm
arks
use
d in
the
eval
uatio
n of
pes
ticid
es fo
r se
dim
ent.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Sed
imen
t scr
eeni
ng
valu
es sh
own
are
the
low
est o
f the
ava
ilabl
e so
urce
s. Pe
stic
ide
com
poun
ds w
ere
dete
rmin
ed to
exc
eed
a be
nchm
ark
if co
ncen
tratio
ns a
t mor
e th
an 5
per
cent
of s
ites e
xcee
d th
e up
per s
cree
ning
val
ue. A
bbre
via-
tions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
F, c
hron
ic fi
sh; C
I, ch
roni
c in
verte
brat
e; C
OW
, chr
onic
Offi
ce o
f W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he P
rote
ctio
n of
Aqu
atic
Life
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
2); D
F >1
0 %
, ben
chm
ark
com
paris
on n
ot a
pplic
able
bec
ause
com
poun
d ha
s det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy
>10
perc
ent (
Tier
1);
ECO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
9a);
ECO
TOX
, tox
icity
va
lue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010a
); ES
G, e
quili
briu
m-p
artit
ioni
ng se
dim
ent g
uide
line
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
4); I
SQG
, int
erim
se
dim
ent-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2002
); N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
NIA
, no
info
rmat
ion
avai
labl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(U.S
Env
i-ro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009b
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009c
); O
PP to
x, to
xici
ty v
alue
from
OPP
rere
gist
ratio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); PE
C, p
roba
ble
effe
ct c
once
ntra
tion
(Mac
Don
ald
and
othe
rs, 2
000)
; PEL
, pro
babl
e ef
fect
leve
l (C
anad
ian
Cou
ncil
of M
inis
ters
of t
he E
nviro
nmen
t, 20
02);
SQ
G, s
edim
ent q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine;
SQ
SV, s
edim
ent-q
ualit
y sc
reen
ing
valu
e (L
opes
and
Fur
long
, 200
1); S
W, s
alt w
ater
; TEC
, thr
esho
ld e
ffect
con
cent
ratio
n (M
acD
onal
d an
d ot
hers
, 200
0); U
SEPA
, U.S
. En
viro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y; U
SGS,
U.S
. Geo
logi
cal S
urve
y aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
ark
dete
rmin
ed u
sing
OPP
met
hods
and
toxi
city
dat
a (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); W
QG
, wat
er-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); >,
gre
ater
than
; μg/
g O
C, m
icro
gram
per
gra
m o
rgan
ic c
arbo
n; μ
g/kg
DW
, mic
rogr
am p
er k
ilogr
am d
ry w
eigh
t; μg
/L, m
icro
gram
per
lite
r; –,
non
e; %
, per
cent
]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sedi
men
t ben
chm
arks
Aqu
atic
-life
toxi
city
Upp
er; l
ower
se
dim
ent
scre
enin
g va
lues
, un
its
Type
of
scre
enin
g va
lue
Exce
eds
benc
hmar
k?
Aqu
atic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
benc
hmar
k
Aqu
atic
-life
to
xici
ty b
in
(1,2
,3 o
r NIA
)
Prop
ham
122-
42-9
Her
bici
de3
––
–4,
050
AI E
CO
TOX
2Pr
opox
ur11
4-26
-1In
sect
icid
e3
––
–5.
5A
I OPP
1Pr
opox
ycar
bazo
ne14
5026
-81-
9H
erbi
cide
3–
––
NAV
NAV
NIA
Pros
ulfu
ron
9412
5-34
-5H
erbi
cide
3–
––
19C
F EC
OSA
R2
Prot
hioc
onaz
ole
1789
28-7
0-6
Fung
icid
e3
––
–N
AVN
AVN
IAPy
raflu
fen
ethy
l12
9630
-19-
9H
erbi
cide
3–
––
NAV
NAV
NIA
Pyra
zon
1698
-60-
8H
erbi
cide
3–
––
170
AN
VP
OPP
tox
2Py
razo
n B-
1 m
etab
olite
NAV
Deg
rada
te3
––
–50
,000
AI O
PP to
x2
Pyre
thrin
s80
03-3
4-7
Inse
ctic
ide
3–
––
0.45
1C
I EC
OSA
R1
Pyrid
ate
5551
2-33
-9H
erbi
cide
3–
––
––
–Py
rimet
hani
l53
112-
28-0
Fung
icid
e3
––
–1,
298
CI E
CO
SAR
2Py
ripro
xyfe
n95
737-
68-1
Inse
ctic
ide
3–
––
200
AI E
CO
TOX
2Py
rithi
obac
1233
42-9
3-8
Her
bici
de3
––
–23
,299
CI-
SW E
CO
SAR
3R
imsu
lfuro
n12
2931
-48-
0H
erbi
cide
3–
––
500,
000
AI E
CO
TOX
3R
oten
one
83-7
9-4
Inse
ctic
ide
3–
––
0.97
AF
OPP
1R
PA 2
0224
814
3701
-75-
1D
egra
date
3–
––
75AV
P O
PP2
RPA
203
328
1429
94-0
6-7
Deg
rada
te3
––
–5,
900
AN
VP
OPP
tox
2Se
thox
ydim
7405
1-80
-2H
erbi
cide
3–
––
250
AN
VP
OPP
tox
2Si
duro
n19
82-4
9-6
Her
bici
de3
––
––
––
Sim
azin
e12
2-34
-9H
erbi
cide
3–
––
36A
NV
P O
PP1
154 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
4–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
arks
or t
oxic
ity v
alue
s w
ith re
sulti
ng A
quat
ic-L
ife T
oxic
ity B
ins
and
avai
labl
e se
dim
ent b
ench
mar
ks u
sed
in th
e ev
alua
tion
of p
estic
ides
for
sedi
men
t.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Sed
imen
t scr
eeni
ng
valu
es sh
own
are
the
low
est o
f the
ava
ilabl
e so
urce
s. Pe
stic
ide
com
poun
ds w
ere
dete
rmin
ed to
exc
eed
a be
nchm
ark
if co
ncen
tratio
ns a
t mor
e th
an 5
per
cent
of s
ites e
xcee
d th
e up
per s
cree
ning
val
ue. A
bbre
via-
tions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
F, c
hron
ic fi
sh; C
I, ch
roni
c in
verte
brat
e; C
OW
, chr
onic
Offi
ce o
f W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he P
rote
ctio
n of
Aqu
atic
Life
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
2); D
F >1
0 %
, ben
chm
ark
com
paris
on n
ot a
pplic
able
bec
ause
com
poun
d ha
s det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy
>10
perc
ent (
Tier
1);
ECO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
9a);
ECO
TOX
, tox
icity
va
lue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010a
); ES
G, e
quili
briu
m-p
artit
ioni
ng se
dim
ent g
uide
line
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
4); I
SQG
, int
erim
se
dim
ent-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2002
); N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
NIA
, no
info
rmat
ion
avai
labl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(U.S
Env
i-ro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009b
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009c
); O
PP to
x, to
xici
ty v
alue
from
OPP
rere
gist
ratio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); PE
C, p
roba
ble
effe
ct c
once
ntra
tion
(Mac
Don
ald
and
othe
rs, 2
000)
; PEL
, pro
babl
e ef
fect
leve
l (C
anad
ian
Cou
ncil
of M
inis
ters
of t
he E
nviro
nmen
t, 20
02);
SQ
G, s
edim
ent q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine;
SQ
SV, s
edim
ent-q
ualit
y sc
reen
ing
valu
e (L
opes
and
Fur
long
, 200
1); S
W, s
alt w
ater
; TEC
, thr
esho
ld e
ffect
con
cent
ratio
n (M
acD
onal
d an
d ot
hers
, 200
0); U
SEPA
, U.S
. En
viro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y; U
SGS,
U.S
. Geo
logi
cal S
urve
y aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
ark
dete
rmin
ed u
sing
OPP
met
hods
and
toxi
city
dat
a (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); W
QG
, wat
er-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); >,
gre
ater
than
; μg/
g O
C, m
icro
gram
per
gra
m o
rgan
ic c
arbo
n; μ
g/kg
DW
, mic
rogr
am p
er k
ilogr
am d
ry w
eigh
t; μg
/L, m
icro
gram
per
lite
r; –,
non
e; %
, per
cent
]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sedi
men
t ben
chm
arks
Aqu
atic
-life
toxi
city
Upp
er; l
ower
se
dim
ent
scre
enin
g va
lues
, un
its
Type
of
scre
enin
g va
lue
Exce
eds
benc
hmar
k?
Aqu
atic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
benc
hmar
k
Aqu
atic
-life
to
xici
ty b
in
(1,2
,3 o
r NIA
)
Sim
etry
n10
14-7
0-6
Her
bici
de3
––
––
––
Sodi
um c
hlor
ate
7775
-09-
9D
efol
iant
/ he
rbic
ide/
m
icro
bioc
ide
3–
––
43,0
00AV
P O
PP to
x2
Spin
etor
amN
AVIn
sect
icid
e3
––
–N
AVN
AVN
IASp
inos
ad13
1929
-60-
7In
sect
icid
e3
––
–2,
970
AF
ECO
TOX
2Sp
irodi
clof
en14
8477
-71-
8In
sect
icid
e3
––
–N
AVN
AVN
IASp
irom
esife
n28
3594
-90-
1In
sect
icid
e3
––
–N
AVN
AVN
IASt
irofo
s96
1-11
-5In
sect
icid
e3
––
––
––
Stre
ptom
ycin
57-9
2-1
Fung
icid
e3
––
–86
0A
NV
P O
PP to
x2
Sulfc
arba
mid
e62
-56-
6R
oden
ticid
e3
––
–6,
510
AN
VP
ECO
SAR
2Su
lfent
razo
ne12
2836
-35-
5H
erbi
cide
3–
––
30,2
00A
I EC
OTO
X2
Sulfo
met
uron
-met
hyl
7422
2-97
-2H
erbi
cide
3–
––
––
–Su
lfosa
te81
591-
81-3
Her
bici
de3
––
––
––
Sulfo
sulfu
ron
1417
76-3
2-1
Her
bici
de3
––
–1
AVP
OPP
1Su
lfote
pp36
89-2
4-5
Inse
ctic
ide
3–
––
––
–Su
lfur
6370
5-05
-5Fu
ngic
ide
3–
––
90,0
00A
F O
PP to
x3
Sum
ithrin
2600
2-80
-2In
sect
icid
e3
––
––
––
TCM
TB (2
-[Th
iocy
anom
ethy
lthio
]be
nzot
hiaz
ole)
2156
4-17
-0M
icro
bioc
ide/
fu
ngic
ide
3–
––
3.65
AF
ECO
TOX
1
Tebu
thiu
ron
3401
4-18
-1H
erbi
cide
3–
––
50A
NV
P O
PP2
Appendix 4. 155Ta
ble
4–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
arks
or t
oxic
ity v
alue
s w
ith re
sulti
ng A
quat
ic-L
ife T
oxic
ity B
ins
and
avai
labl
e se
dim
ent b
ench
mar
ks u
sed
in th
e ev
alua
tion
of p
estic
ides
for
sedi
men
t.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Sed
imen
t scr
eeni
ng
valu
es sh
own
are
the
low
est o
f the
ava
ilabl
e so
urce
s. Pe
stic
ide
com
poun
ds w
ere
dete
rmin
ed to
exc
eed
a be
nchm
ark
if co
ncen
tratio
ns a
t mor
e th
an 5
per
cent
of s
ites e
xcee
d th
e up
per s
cree
ning
val
ue. A
bbre
via-
tions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
F, c
hron
ic fi
sh; C
I, ch
roni
c in
verte
brat
e; C
OW
, chr
onic
Offi
ce o
f W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he P
rote
ctio
n of
Aqu
atic
Life
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
2); D
F >1
0 %
, ben
chm
ark
com
paris
on n
ot a
pplic
able
bec
ause
com
poun
d ha
s det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy
>10
perc
ent (
Tier
1);
ECO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
9a);
ECO
TOX
, tox
icity
va
lue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010a
); ES
G, e
quili
briu
m-p
artit
ioni
ng se
dim
ent g
uide
line
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
4); I
SQG
, int
erim
se
dim
ent-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2002
); N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
NIA
, no
info
rmat
ion
avai
labl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(U.S
Env
i-ro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009b
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009c
); O
PP to
x, to
xici
ty v
alue
from
OPP
rere
gist
ratio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); PE
C, p
roba
ble
effe
ct c
once
ntra
tion
(Mac
Don
ald
and
othe
rs, 2
000)
; PEL
, pro
babl
e ef
fect
leve
l (C
anad
ian
Cou
ncil
of M
inis
ters
of t
he E
nviro
nmen
t, 20
02);
SQ
G, s
edim
ent q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine;
SQ
SV, s
edim
ent-q
ualit
y sc
reen
ing
valu
e (L
opes
and
Fur
long
, 200
1); S
W, s
alt w
ater
; TEC
, thr
esho
ld e
ffect
con
cent
ratio
n (M
acD
onal
d an
d ot
hers
, 200
0); U
SEPA
, U.S
. En
viro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y; U
SGS,
U.S
. Geo
logi
cal S
urve
y aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
ark
dete
rmin
ed u
sing
OPP
met
hods
and
toxi
city
dat
a (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); W
QG
, wat
er-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); >,
gre
ater
than
; μg/
g O
C, m
icro
gram
per
gra
m o
rgan
ic c
arbo
n; μ
g/kg
DW
, mic
rogr
am p
er k
ilogr
am d
ry w
eigh
t; μg
/L, m
icro
gram
per
lite
r; –,
non
e; %
, per
cent
]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sedi
men
t ben
chm
arks
Aqu
atic
-life
toxi
city
Upp
er; l
ower
se
dim
ent
scre
enin
g va
lues
, un
its
Type
of
scre
enin
g va
lue
Exce
eds
benc
hmar
k?
Aqu
atic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
benc
hmar
k
Aqu
atic
-life
to
xici
ty b
in
(1,2
,3 o
r NIA
)
Tem
epho
s33
83-9
6-8
Inse
ctic
ide
3–
––
5A
I OPP
1Te
rbac
il59
02-5
1-2
Her
bici
de3
––
–11
AN
VP
OPP
1Te
rbuf
os13
071-
79-9
Inse
ctic
ide
3–
––
0.03
CI O
PP1
Terb
ufos
sulfo
ne56
070-
16-7
Deg
rada
te3
––
–0.
655
AI E
CO
SAR
1Te
rbuf
os-O
-ana
logu
e su
lfone
5607
0-15
-6D
egra
date
3–
––
1,16
0C
F EC
OSA
R2
Tetra
chlo
rom
etha
ne56
-23-
5Fu
mig
ant/
adju
vant
32,
100;
120
,μg
/g O
CTi
er 1
; Tie
r 2
(USE
PA E
SG)
No
––
–
Tetra
met
hrin
7696
-12-
0In
sect
icid
e3
––
–1.
85A
F EC
OTO
X1
Tetra
oxos
ulfa
te14
808-
79-8
–3
––
––
––
Tetra
thio
carb
onat
e73
45-6
9-9
Fum
igan
t/ fu
ngic
ide/
ne
mat
icid
e
3–
––
590,
000,
000
AN
VP
EC
OSA
R3
Thia
clop
rid11
1988
-49-
9In
sect
icid
e3
––
–N
AVN
AVN
IATh
iam
etho
xam
1537
19-2
3-4
Fung
icid
e/
inse
ctic
ide
3–
––
NAV
NAV
NIA
Thid
iazu
ron
5170
7-55
-2D
efol
iant
/ pl
ant g
row
th
regu
lato
r
3–
––
100
CI O
PP to
x2
Thife
nsul
furo
n79
277-
67-1
Her
bici
de3
––
–41
8A
NV
P EC
OSA
R2
Thio
dica
rb59
669-
26-0
Inse
ctic
ide
3–
––
9C
I OPP
tox
1Th
iona
zin
297-
97-2
Nem
atoc
ide
3–
––
––
–
156 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
4–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
arks
or t
oxic
ity v
alue
s w
ith re
sulti
ng A
quat
ic-L
ife T
oxic
ity B
ins
and
avai
labl
e se
dim
ent b
ench
mar
ks u
sed
in th
e ev
alua
tion
of p
estic
ides
for
sedi
men
t.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Sed
imen
t scr
eeni
ng
valu
es sh
own
are
the
low
est o
f the
ava
ilabl
e so
urce
s. Pe
stic
ide
com
poun
ds w
ere
dete
rmin
ed to
exc
eed
a be
nchm
ark
if co
ncen
tratio
ns a
t mor
e th
an 5
per
cent
of s
ites e
xcee
d th
e up
per s
cree
ning
val
ue. A
bbre
via-
tions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
F, c
hron
ic fi
sh; C
I, ch
roni
c in
verte
brat
e; C
OW
, chr
onic
Offi
ce o
f W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he P
rote
ctio
n of
Aqu
atic
Life
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
2); D
F >1
0 %
, ben
chm
ark
com
paris
on n
ot a
pplic
able
bec
ause
com
poun
d ha
s det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy
>10
perc
ent (
Tier
1);
ECO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
9a);
ECO
TOX
, tox
icity
va
lue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010a
); ES
G, e
quili
briu
m-p
artit
ioni
ng se
dim
ent g
uide
line
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
4); I
SQG
, int
erim
se
dim
ent-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2002
); N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
NIA
, no
info
rmat
ion
avai
labl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(U.S
Env
i-ro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009b
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009c
); O
PP to
x, to
xici
ty v
alue
from
OPP
rere
gist
ratio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); PE
C, p
roba
ble
effe
ct c
once
ntra
tion
(Mac
Don
ald
and
othe
rs, 2
000)
; PEL
, pro
babl
e ef
fect
leve
l (C
anad
ian
Cou
ncil
of M
inis
ters
of t
he E
nviro
nmen
t, 20
02);
SQ
G, s
edim
ent q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine;
SQ
SV, s
edim
ent-q
ualit
y sc
reen
ing
valu
e (L
opes
and
Fur
long
, 200
1); S
W, s
alt w
ater
; TEC
, thr
esho
ld e
ffect
con
cent
ratio
n (M
acD
onal
d an
d ot
hers
, 200
0); U
SEPA
, U.S
. En
viro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y; U
SGS,
U.S
. Geo
logi
cal S
urve
y aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
ark
dete
rmin
ed u
sing
OPP
met
hods
and
toxi
city
dat
a (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); W
QG
, wat
er-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); >,
gre
ater
than
; μg/
g O
C, m
icro
gram
per
gra
m o
rgan
ic c
arbo
n; μ
g/kg
DW
, mic
rogr
am p
er k
ilogr
am d
ry w
eigh
t; μg
/L, m
icro
gram
per
lite
r; –,
non
e; %
, per
cent
]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sedi
men
t ben
chm
arks
Aqu
atic
-life
toxi
city
Upp
er; l
ower
se
dim
ent
scre
enin
g va
lues
, un
its
Type
of
scre
enin
g va
lue
Exce
eds
benc
hmar
k?
Aqu
atic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
benc
hmar
k
Aqu
atic
-life
to
xici
ty b
in
(1,2
,3 o
r NIA
)
Thio
phan
ate
met
hyl
2356
4-05
-8Fu
ngic
ide
3–
––
2C
F O
PP to
x1
Thira
m13
7-26
-8Fu
ngic
ide
3–
––
21A
F O
PP1
Topr
amez
one
2106
31-6
8-8
Her
bici
de3
––
–N
AVN
AVN
IATr
alko
xydi
m87
820-
88-0
Her
bici
de3
––
–2,
100
CI O
PP2
Tral
omet
hrin
6684
1-25
-6In
sect
icid
e3
––
––
––
Tria
dim
efon
4312
1-43
-3Fu
ngic
ide
3–
––
41C
F O
PP to
x2
Tria
sulfu
ron
8209
7-50
-5H
erbi
cide
3–
––
50,0
00A
F O
PP2
Tria
zam
ate
1121
43-8
2-5
Inse
ctic
ide
3–
––
––
–Tr
iben
uron
-met
hyl
1012
00-4
8-0
Her
bici
de3
––
–11
1C
F EC
OSA
R2
Tric
hlor
fon
52-6
8-6
Inse
ctic
ide
3–
––
––
–Tr
idip
hane
5813
8-08
-2H
erbi
cide
3–
––
––
–Tr
iflox
ystro
bin
1415
17-2
1-7
Fung
icid
e3
––
–2.
76C
I OPP
Eco
tox
1Tr
iflox
ysul
furo
n29
0332
-10-
4H
erbi
cide
3–
––
NAV
NAV
NIA
Trifl
umiz
ole
9938
7-89
-0Fu
ngic
ide
3–
––
1,03
4A
I EC
OSA
R2
Trifl
usul
furo
n12
6535
-15-
7H
erbi
cide
3–
––
11C
F EC
OSA
R2
Trifo
rine
2664
4-46
-2Fu
ngic
ide
3–
––
10,7
00A
F EC
OTO
X2
Trin
exap
ac95
266-
40-3
Her
bici
de/
plan
t gro
wth
re
gula
tor
3–
––
––
–
Appendix 4. 157Ta
ble
4–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
arks
or t
oxic
ity v
alue
s w
ith re
sulti
ng A
quat
ic-L
ife T
oxic
ity B
ins
and
avai
labl
e se
dim
ent b
ench
mar
ks u
sed
in th
e ev
alua
tion
of p
estic
ides
for
sedi
men
t.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Sed
imen
t scr
eeni
ng
valu
es sh
own
are
the
low
est o
f the
ava
ilabl
e so
urce
s. Pe
stic
ide
com
poun
ds w
ere
dete
rmin
ed to
exc
eed
a be
nchm
ark
if co
ncen
tratio
ns a
t mor
e th
an 5
per
cent
of s
ites e
xcee
d th
e up
per s
cree
ning
val
ue. A
bbre
via-
tions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
F, c
hron
ic fi
sh; C
I, ch
roni
c in
verte
brat
e; C
OW
, chr
onic
Offi
ce o
f W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he P
rote
ctio
n of
Aqu
atic
Life
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
2); D
F >1
0 %
, ben
chm
ark
com
paris
on n
ot a
pplic
able
bec
ause
com
poun
d ha
s det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy
>10
perc
ent (
Tier
1);
ECO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
9a);
ECO
TOX
, tox
icity
va
lue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010a
); ES
G, e
quili
briu
m-p
artit
ioni
ng se
dim
ent g
uide
line
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
4); I
SQG
, int
erim
se
dim
ent-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2002
); N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
NIA
, no
info
rmat
ion
avai
labl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(U.S
Env
i-ro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009b
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009c
); O
PP to
x, to
xici
ty v
alue
from
OPP
rere
gist
ratio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); PE
C, p
roba
ble
effe
ct c
once
ntra
tion
(Mac
Don
ald
and
othe
rs, 2
000)
; PEL
, pro
babl
e ef
fect
leve
l (C
anad
ian
Cou
ncil
of M
inis
ters
of t
he E
nviro
nmen
t, 20
02);
SQ
G, s
edim
ent q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine;
SQ
SV, s
edim
ent-q
ualit
y sc
reen
ing
valu
e (L
opes
and
Fur
long
, 200
1); S
W, s
alt w
ater
; TEC
, thr
esho
ld e
ffect
con
cent
ratio
n (M
acD
onal
d an
d ot
hers
, 200
0); U
SEPA
, U.S
. En
viro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y; U
SGS,
U.S
. Geo
logi
cal S
urve
y aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
ark
dete
rmin
ed u
sing
OPP
met
hods
and
toxi
city
dat
a (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); W
QG
, wat
er-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); >,
gre
ater
than
; μg/
g O
C, m
icro
gram
per
gra
m o
rgan
ic c
arbo
n; μ
g/kg
DW
, mic
rogr
am p
er k
ilogr
am d
ry w
eigh
t; μg
/L, m
icro
gram
per
lite
r; –,
non
e; %
, per
cent
]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sedi
men
t ben
chm
arks
Aqu
atic
-life
toxi
city
Upp
er; l
ower
se
dim
ent
scre
enin
g va
lues
, un
its
Type
of
scre
enin
g va
lue
Exce
eds
benc
hmar
k?
Aqu
atic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
benc
hmar
k
Aqu
atic
-life
to
xici
ty b
in
(1,2
,3 o
r NIA
)
Vern
olat
e19
29-7
7-7
Her
bici
de3
––
––
––
Z-D
imet
hom
orph
z110
488-
70-5
Fung
icid
e3
––
––
––
Zine
b12
122-
67-7
Fung
icid
e3
––
––
––
Zira
m13
7-30
-4Fu
ngic
ide
3–
––
9.7
AF
OPP
1
Not
tier
ed–p
estic
ide-
rela
ted
com
poun
ds in
oth
er c
onta
min
ant g
roup
s or
spe
cies
that
wou
ld n
ot b
e an
alyz
ed in
sed
imen
t
1,1,
1-Tr
ichl
oroe
than
e71
-55-
6A
djuv
ant
–17
0; 1
7,μg
/g O
CTi
er 1
; Tie
r 2
(USE
PA E
SG)
Con
cent
ratio
n da
ta N
AV–
––
1,1,
2-Tr
ichl
oroe
than
e79
-00-
5A
djuv
ant
––
––
––
–1,
1,2-
Tric
hlor
otrifl
uoro
etha
ne76
-13-
1A
djuv
ant
––
––
––
–
1,2-
Dic
hlor
oben
zene
95-5
0-1
Adj
uvan
t–
340;
50,
µg/k
g D
WH
igh
SQSV
; lo
w S
QSV
(L
opes
&
Furlo
ng)
Con
cent
ratio
n da
ta N
AV–
––
1,2-
Dic
hlor
oeth
ane
107-
06-2
Fum
igan
t/ ad
juva
nt–
––
––
––
158 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
4–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
arks
or t
oxic
ity v
alue
s w
ith re
sulti
ng A
quat
ic-L
ife T
oxic
ity B
ins
and
avai
labl
e se
dim
ent b
ench
mar
ks u
sed
in th
e ev
alua
tion
of p
estic
ides
for
sedi
men
t.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Sed
imen
t scr
eeni
ng
valu
es sh
own
are
the
low
est o
f the
ava
ilabl
e so
urce
s. Pe
stic
ide
com
poun
ds w
ere
dete
rmin
ed to
exc
eed
a be
nchm
ark
if co
ncen
tratio
ns a
t mor
e th
an 5
per
cent
of s
ites e
xcee
d th
e up
per s
cree
ning
val
ue. A
bbre
via-
tions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
F, c
hron
ic fi
sh; C
I, ch
roni
c in
verte
brat
e; C
OW
, chr
onic
Offi
ce o
f W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he P
rote
ctio
n of
Aqu
atic
Life
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
2); D
F >1
0 %
, ben
chm
ark
com
paris
on n
ot a
pplic
able
bec
ause
com
poun
d ha
s det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy
>10
perc
ent (
Tier
1);
ECO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
9a);
ECO
TOX
, tox
icity
va
lue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010a
); ES
G, e
quili
briu
m-p
artit
ioni
ng se
dim
ent g
uide
line
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
4); I
SQG
, int
erim
se
dim
ent-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2002
); N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
NIA
, no
info
rmat
ion
avai
labl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(U.S
Env
i-ro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009b
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009c
); O
PP to
x, to
xici
ty v
alue
from
OPP
rere
gist
ratio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); PE
C, p
roba
ble
effe
ct c
once
ntra
tion
(Mac
Don
ald
and
othe
rs, 2
000)
; PEL
, pro
babl
e ef
fect
leve
l (C
anad
ian
Cou
ncil
of M
inis
ters
of t
he E
nviro
nmen
t, 20
02);
SQ
G, s
edim
ent q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine;
SQ
SV, s
edim
ent-q
ualit
y sc
reen
ing
valu
e (L
opes
and
Fur
long
, 200
1); S
W, s
alt w
ater
; TEC
, thr
esho
ld e
ffect
con
cent
ratio
n (M
acD
onal
d an
d ot
hers
, 200
0); U
SEPA
, U.S
. En
viro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y; U
SGS,
U.S
. Geo
logi
cal S
urve
y aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
ark
dete
rmin
ed u
sing
OPP
met
hods
and
toxi
city
dat
a (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); W
QG
, wat
er-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); >,
gre
ater
than
; μg/
g O
C, m
icro
gram
per
gra
m o
rgan
ic c
arbo
n; μ
g/kg
DW
, mic
rogr
am p
er k
ilogr
am d
ry w
eigh
t; μg
/L, m
icro
gram
per
lite
r; –,
non
e; %
, per
cent
]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sedi
men
t ben
chm
arks
Aqu
atic
-life
toxi
city
Upp
er; l
ower
se
dim
ent
scre
enin
g va
lues
, un
its
Type
of
scre
enin
g va
lue
Exce
eds
benc
hmar
k?
Aqu
atic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
benc
hmar
k
Aqu
atic
-life
to
xici
ty b
in
(1,2
,3 o
r NIA
)
Not
tier
ed–p
estic
ide-
rela
ted
com
poun
ds in
oth
er c
onta
min
ant g
roup
s or
spe
cies
that
wou
ld n
ot b
e an
alyz
ed in
sed
imen
t –Co
ntin
ued
1,4-
Dic
hlor
oben
zene
106-
46-7
Adj
uvan
t–
350;
110
,µg
/kg
DW
Hig
h SQ
SV; l
ow
SQSV
(Lop
es &
Fu
rlong
)
Con
cent
ratio
n da
ta N
AV–
––
2-C
hlor
otol
uene
95-4
9-8
Adj
uvan
t–
––
––
––
Ace
tone
67-6
4-1
Adj
uvan
t–
––
––
––
Am
pelo
myc
es q
uisq
ualis
NAV
Mic
robi
al fu
ngi-
cide
––
––
––
–
Ars
enic
aci
d77
78-3
9-4
Her
bici
de/
inse
ctic
ide/
ro
dent
icid
e
––
––
––
–
Bac
illus
cer
eus
NAV
Mic
robi
al in
sec-
ticid
e/
plan
t gro
wth
re
gula
tor (
de-
pend
s on
stra
in)
––
––
NAV
NAV
NIA
Bac
illus
pum
ilis
NAV
Mic
robi
al
othe
r–
––
–N
AVN
AVN
IA
Bar
ium
pol
ysul
fide
5086
4-67
-0In
sect
icid
e/
fung
icid
e–
––
––
––
Appendix 4. 159Ta
ble
4–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
arks
or t
oxic
ity v
alue
s w
ith re
sulti
ng A
quat
ic-L
ife T
oxic
ity B
ins
and
avai
labl
e se
dim
ent b
ench
mar
ks u
sed
in th
e ev
alua
tion
of p
estic
ides
for
sedi
men
t.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Sed
imen
t scr
eeni
ng
valu
es sh
own
are
the
low
est o
f the
ava
ilabl
e so
urce
s. Pe
stic
ide
com
poun
ds w
ere
dete
rmin
ed to
exc
eed
a be
nchm
ark
if co
ncen
tratio
ns a
t mor
e th
an 5
per
cent
of s
ites e
xcee
d th
e up
per s
cree
ning
val
ue. A
bbre
via-
tions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
F, c
hron
ic fi
sh; C
I, ch
roni
c in
verte
brat
e; C
OW
, chr
onic
Offi
ce o
f W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he P
rote
ctio
n of
Aqu
atic
Life
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
2); D
F >1
0 %
, ben
chm
ark
com
paris
on n
ot a
pplic
able
bec
ause
com
poun
d ha
s det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy
>10
perc
ent (
Tier
1);
ECO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
9a);
ECO
TOX
, tox
icity
va
lue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010a
); ES
G, e
quili
briu
m-p
artit
ioni
ng se
dim
ent g
uide
line
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
4); I
SQG
, int
erim
se
dim
ent-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2002
); N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
NIA
, no
info
rmat
ion
avai
labl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(U.S
Env
i-ro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009b
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009c
); O
PP to
x, to
xici
ty v
alue
from
OPP
rere
gist
ratio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); PE
C, p
roba
ble
effe
ct c
once
ntra
tion
(Mac
Don
ald
and
othe
rs, 2
000)
; PEL
, pro
babl
e ef
fect
leve
l (C
anad
ian
Cou
ncil
of M
inis
ters
of t
he E
nviro
nmen
t, 20
02);
SQ
G, s
edim
ent q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine;
SQ
SV, s
edim
ent-q
ualit
y sc
reen
ing
valu
e (L
opes
and
Fur
long
, 200
1); S
W, s
alt w
ater
; TEC
, thr
esho
ld e
ffect
con
cent
ratio
n (M
acD
onal
d an
d ot
hers
, 200
0); U
SEPA
, U.S
. En
viro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y; U
SGS,
U.S
. Geo
logi
cal S
urve
y aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
ark
dete
rmin
ed u
sing
OPP
met
hods
and
toxi
city
dat
a (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); W
QG
, wat
er-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); >,
gre
ater
than
; μg/
g O
C, m
icro
gram
per
gra
m o
rgan
ic c
arbo
n; μ
g/kg
DW
, mic
rogr
am p
er k
ilogr
am d
ry w
eigh
t; μg
/L, m
icro
gram
per
lite
r; –,
non
e; %
, per
cent
]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sedi
men
t ben
chm
arks
Aqu
atic
-life
toxi
city
Upp
er; l
ower
se
dim
ent
scre
enin
g va
lues
, un
its
Type
of
scre
enin
g va
lue
Exce
eds
benc
hmar
k?
Aqu
atic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
benc
hmar
k
Aqu
atic
-life
to
xici
ty b
in
(1,2
,3 o
r NIA
)
Not
tier
ed–p
estic
ide-
rela
ted
com
poun
ds in
oth
er c
onta
min
ant g
roup
s or
spe
cies
that
wou
ld n
ot b
e an
alyz
ed in
sed
imen
t –Co
ntin
ued
Ben
zene
71-4
3-2
Adj
uvan
t–
100;
5.7
,μg
/g O
CTi
er 1
; Tie
r 2
(USE
PA E
SG)
Con
cent
ratio
n da
ta N
AV–
––
Bur
khol
deria
cep
acia
NAV
Fung
icid
e–
––
––
––
Caf
fein
e58
-08-
2St
imul
ant
––
––
––
–C
alci
um c
hlor
ide
1004
3-52
-4Fu
ngic
ide/
he
rbic
ide/
in
sect
icid
e/
mic
robi
ocid
e/
mol
lusc
icid
e
––
––
––
–
Cal
cium
pol
ysul
fide
1344
-81-
6In
sect
icid
e/
fung
icid
e–
––
–N
AVN
AVN
IA
Chl
orob
enze
ne10
8-90
-7A
djuv
ant
–1,
500;
82,
μg/g
OC
Tier
1; T
ier 2
(U
SEPA
ESG
)C
once
ntra
tion
data
NAV
––
–
Chl
oroe
than
e75
-00-
3A
djuv
ant
––
––
––
–C
hlor
ofor
m67
-66-
3Fu
mig
ant/
adju
vant
––
––
––
–
Chl
orom
etha
ne74
-87-
3A
djuv
ant
––
––
––
–C
hlor
otet
racy
clin
e57
-62-
5A
ntib
iotic
––
––
––
–C
olle
ctot
richu
m sp
ores
NAV
Myc
oher
bici
de–
––
––
––
Con
ioth
yriu
m m
inita
nsN
AVM
icro
bial
fung
i-ci
de–
––
–N
AVN
AVN
IA
160 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
4–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
arks
or t
oxic
ity v
alue
s w
ith re
sulti
ng A
quat
ic-L
ife T
oxic
ity B
ins
and
avai
labl
e se
dim
ent b
ench
mar
ks u
sed
in th
e ev
alua
tion
of p
estic
ides
for
sedi
men
t.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Sed
imen
t scr
eeni
ng
valu
es sh
own
are
the
low
est o
f the
ava
ilabl
e so
urce
s. Pe
stic
ide
com
poun
ds w
ere
dete
rmin
ed to
exc
eed
a be
nchm
ark
if co
ncen
tratio
ns a
t mor
e th
an 5
per
cent
of s
ites e
xcee
d th
e up
per s
cree
ning
val
ue. A
bbre
via-
tions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
F, c
hron
ic fi
sh; C
I, ch
roni
c in
verte
brat
e; C
OW
, chr
onic
Offi
ce o
f W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he P
rote
ctio
n of
Aqu
atic
Life
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
2); D
F >1
0 %
, ben
chm
ark
com
paris
on n
ot a
pplic
able
bec
ause
com
poun
d ha
s det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy
>10
perc
ent (
Tier
1);
ECO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
9a);
ECO
TOX
, tox
icity
va
lue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010a
); ES
G, e
quili
briu
m-p
artit
ioni
ng se
dim
ent g
uide
line
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
4); I
SQG
, int
erim
se
dim
ent-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2002
); N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
NIA
, no
info
rmat
ion
avai
labl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(U.S
Env
i-ro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009b
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009c
); O
PP to
x, to
xici
ty v
alue
from
OPP
rere
gist
ratio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); PE
C, p
roba
ble
effe
ct c
once
ntra
tion
(Mac
Don
ald
and
othe
rs, 2
000)
; PEL
, pro
babl
e ef
fect
leve
l (C
anad
ian
Cou
ncil
of M
inis
ters
of t
he E
nviro
nmen
t, 20
02);
SQ
G, s
edim
ent q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine;
SQ
SV, s
edim
ent-q
ualit
y sc
reen
ing
valu
e (L
opes
and
Fur
long
, 200
1); S
W, s
alt w
ater
; TEC
, thr
esho
ld e
ffect
con
cent
ratio
n (M
acD
onal
d an
d ot
hers
, 200
0); U
SEPA
, U.S
. En
viro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y; U
SGS,
U.S
. Geo
logi
cal S
urve
y aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
ark
dete
rmin
ed u
sing
OPP
met
hods
and
toxi
city
dat
a (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); W
QG
, wat
er-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); >,
gre
ater
than
; μg/
g O
C, m
icro
gram
per
gra
m o
rgan
ic c
arbo
n; μ
g/kg
DW
, mic
rogr
am p
er k
ilogr
am d
ry w
eigh
t; μg
/L, m
icro
gram
per
lite
r; –,
non
e; %
, per
cent
]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sedi
men
t ben
chm
arks
Aqu
atic
-life
toxi
city
Upp
er; l
ower
se
dim
ent
scre
enin
g va
lues
, un
its
Type
of
scre
enin
g va
lue
Exce
eds
benc
hmar
k?
Aqu
atic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
benc
hmar
k
Aqu
atic
-life
to
xici
ty b
in
(1,2
,3 o
r NIA
)
Not
tier
ed–p
estic
ide-
rela
ted
com
poun
ds in
oth
er c
onta
min
ant g
roup
s or
spe
cies
that
wou
ld n
ot b
e an
alyz
ed in
sed
imen
t –Co
ntin
ued
Cop
per
7440
-50-
8Fu
ngic
ide
–14
9,00
0;
31,6
00,
µg/k
g D
W
PEC
; TEC
(c
onse
nsus
- ba
sed
SQG
, M
acD
onal
d)
Con
cent
ratio
n da
ta N
AV9
C O
W1
Cop
per o
ctan
oate
2054
3-04
-8Fu
ngic
ide
––
––
203
CF
ECO
SAR
2C
oppe
r oxy
chlo
ride
S80
12-6
9-9
Fung
icid
e–
––
–9
(c
oppe
r)C
OW
1
Cop
per s
ulfa
te tr
ibas
ic55
200-
89-0
Her
bici
de/
alga
ecid
e/
fung
icid
e/
wat
er tr
eatm
ent
––
––
––
–
Cry
olite
1509
6-52
-3In
sect
icid
e–
––
–5,
000
AI O
PP to
x2
Cyd
ia p
omon
ella
NAV
Plan
t gro
wth
re
gula
tor
––
––
NAV
NAV
NIA
Dic
hlor
odifl
uoro
met
hane
75-7
1-8
Adj
uvan
t–
––
––
––
Dic
hlor
omet
hane
75-0
9-2
Fum
igan
t/ ad
juva
nt–
––
––
––
Dox
ycyc
line
564-
25-0
Ant
ibio
tic–
––
––
––
Appendix 4. 161Ta
ble
4–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
arks
or t
oxic
ity v
alue
s w
ith re
sulti
ng A
quat
ic-L
ife T
oxic
ity B
ins
and
avai
labl
e se
dim
ent b
ench
mar
ks u
sed
in th
e ev
alua
tion
of p
estic
ides
for
sedi
men
t.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Sed
imen
t scr
eeni
ng
valu
es sh
own
are
the
low
est o
f the
ava
ilabl
e so
urce
s. Pe
stic
ide
com
poun
ds w
ere
dete
rmin
ed to
exc
eed
a be
nchm
ark
if co
ncen
tratio
ns a
t mor
e th
an 5
per
cent
of s
ites e
xcee
d th
e up
per s
cree
ning
val
ue. A
bbre
via-
tions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
F, c
hron
ic fi
sh; C
I, ch
roni
c in
verte
brat
e; C
OW
, chr
onic
Offi
ce o
f W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he P
rote
ctio
n of
Aqu
atic
Life
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
2); D
F >1
0 %
, ben
chm
ark
com
paris
on n
ot a
pplic
able
bec
ause
com
poun
d ha
s det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy
>10
perc
ent (
Tier
1);
ECO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
9a);
ECO
TOX
, tox
icity
va
lue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010a
); ES
G, e
quili
briu
m-p
artit
ioni
ng se
dim
ent g
uide
line
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
4); I
SQG
, int
erim
se
dim
ent-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2002
); N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
NIA
, no
info
rmat
ion
avai
labl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(U.S
Env
i-ro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009b
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009c
); O
PP to
x, to
xici
ty v
alue
from
OPP
rere
gist
ratio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); PE
C, p
roba
ble
effe
ct c
once
ntra
tion
(Mac
Don
ald
and
othe
rs, 2
000)
; PEL
, pro
babl
e ef
fect
leve
l (C
anad
ian
Cou
ncil
of M
inis
ters
of t
he E
nviro
nmen
t, 20
02);
SQ
G, s
edim
ent q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine;
SQ
SV, s
edim
ent-q
ualit
y sc
reen
ing
valu
e (L
opes
and
Fur
long
, 200
1); S
W, s
alt w
ater
; TEC
, thr
esho
ld e
ffect
con
cent
ratio
n (M
acD
onal
d an
d ot
hers
, 200
0); U
SEPA
, U.S
. En
viro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y; U
SGS,
U.S
. Geo
logi
cal S
urve
y aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
ark
dete
rmin
ed u
sing
OPP
met
hods
and
toxi
city
dat
a (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); W
QG
, wat
er-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); >,
gre
ater
than
; μg/
g O
C, m
icro
gram
per
gra
m o
rgan
ic c
arbo
n; μ
g/kg
DW
, mic
rogr
am p
er k
ilogr
am d
ry w
eigh
t; μg
/L, m
icro
gram
per
lite
r; –,
non
e; %
, per
cent
]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sedi
men
t ben
chm
arks
Aqu
atic
-life
toxi
city
Upp
er; l
ower
se
dim
ent
scre
enin
g va
lues
, un
its
Type
of
scre
enin
g va
lue
Exce
eds
benc
hmar
k?
Aqu
atic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
benc
hmar
k
Aqu
atic
-life
to
xici
ty b
in
(1,2
,3 o
r NIA
)
Not
tier
ed–p
estic
ide-
rela
ted
com
poun
ds in
oth
er c
onta
min
ant g
roup
s or
spe
cies
that
wou
ld n
ot b
e an
alyz
ed in
sed
imen
t –Co
ntin
ued
Ethy
lben
zene
100-
41-4
Adj
uvan
t–
8,50
0; 4
80,
μg/g
OC
Tier
1; T
ier 2
(U
SEPA
ESG
)C
once
ntra
tion
data
NAV
––
–
Fatty
alc
ohol
s85
566-
12-7
Mic
robi
ocid
e/
solv
ent
––
––
1,64
2C
I EC
OSA
R2
Gar
lic ju
ice
8000
-78-
0In
sect
icid
e–
––
––
––
Geo
smin
2333
3-91
-7–
––
––
––
–H
arpi
n pr
otei
nN
AVFu
ngic
ide/
ne
mat
icid
e/
plan
t gro
wth
re
gula
tor
––
––
NAV
NAV
NIA
Hyd
rate
d lim
e13
05-6
2-0
Fung
icid
e/
mic
robi
ocid
e/
herb
icid
e
––
––
520,
506
CI E
CO
SAR
3
Hyd
roge
n pe
roxi
de77
22-8
4-1
Mic
robi
ocid
e/
fung
icid
e/
herb
icid
e/
rode
ntic
ide
––
––
31.5
AF
ECO
SAR
1
162 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
4–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
arks
or t
oxic
ity v
alue
s w
ith re
sulti
ng A
quat
ic-L
ife T
oxic
ity B
ins
and
avai
labl
e se
dim
ent b
ench
mar
ks u
sed
in th
e ev
alua
tion
of p
estic
ides
for
sedi
men
t.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Sed
imen
t scr
eeni
ng
valu
es sh
own
are
the
low
est o
f the
ava
ilabl
e so
urce
s. Pe
stic
ide
com
poun
ds w
ere
dete
rmin
ed to
exc
eed
a be
nchm
ark
if co
ncen
tratio
ns a
t mor
e th
an 5
per
cent
of s
ites e
xcee
d th
e up
per s
cree
ning
val
ue. A
bbre
via-
tions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
F, c
hron
ic fi
sh; C
I, ch
roni
c in
verte
brat
e; C
OW
, chr
onic
Offi
ce o
f W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he P
rote
ctio
n of
Aqu
atic
Life
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
2); D
F >1
0 %
, ben
chm
ark
com
paris
on n
ot a
pplic
able
bec
ause
com
poun
d ha
s det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy
>10
perc
ent (
Tier
1);
ECO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
9a);
ECO
TOX
, tox
icity
va
lue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010a
); ES
G, e
quili
briu
m-p
artit
ioni
ng se
dim
ent g
uide
line
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
4); I
SQG
, int
erim
se
dim
ent-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2002
); N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
NIA
, no
info
rmat
ion
avai
labl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(U.S
Env
i-ro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009b
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009c
); O
PP to
x, to
xici
ty v
alue
from
OPP
rere
gist
ratio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); PE
C, p
roba
ble
effe
ct c
once
ntra
tion
(Mac
Don
ald
and
othe
rs, 2
000)
; PEL
, pro
babl
e ef
fect
leve
l (C
anad
ian
Cou
ncil
of M
inis
ters
of t
he E
nviro
nmen
t, 20
02);
SQ
G, s
edim
ent q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine;
SQ
SV, s
edim
ent-q
ualit
y sc
reen
ing
valu
e (L
opes
and
Fur
long
, 200
1); S
W, s
alt w
ater
; TEC
, thr
esho
ld e
ffect
con
cent
ratio
n (M
acD
onal
d an
d ot
hers
, 200
0); U
SEPA
, U.S
. En
viro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y; U
SGS,
U.S
. Geo
logi
cal S
urve
y aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
ark
dete
rmin
ed u
sing
OPP
met
hods
and
toxi
city
dat
a (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); W
QG
, wat
er-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); >,
gre
ater
than
; μg/
g O
C, m
icro
gram
per
gra
m o
rgan
ic c
arbo
n; μ
g/kg
DW
, mic
rogr
am p
er k
ilogr
am d
ry w
eigh
t; μg
/L, m
icro
gram
per
lite
r; –,
non
e; %
, per
cent
]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sedi
men
t ben
chm
arks
Aqu
atic
-life
toxi
city
Upp
er; l
ower
se
dim
ent
scre
enin
g va
lues
, un
its
Type
of
scre
enin
g va
lue
Exce
eds
benc
hmar
k?
Aqu
atic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
benc
hmar
k
Aqu
atic
-life
to
xici
ty b
in
(1,2
,3 o
r NIA
)
Not
tier
ed–p
estic
ide-
rela
ted
com
poun
ds in
oth
er c
onta
min
ant g
roup
s or
spe
cies
that
wou
ld n
ot b
e an
alyz
ed in
sed
imen
t –Co
ntin
ued
Kao
lin c
lay
1332
-58-
7In
sect
icid
e/
adju
vant
/ fu
ngic
ide/
m
icro
bioc
ide
––
––
NAV
NAV
NIA
Lead
ars
enat
e77
84-4
0-9
Her
bici
de/
inse
ctic
ide/
ro
dent
icid
e
––
––
––
–
m- a
nd p
-Xyl
ene
108-
38-3
&10
6-42
-3A
djuv
ant
–45
; 2.5
,μg
/g O
CTi
er 1
; Tie
r 2 -
m
-xyl
ene
(U
SEPA
ESG
)
Con
cent
ratio
n da
ta N
AV–
––
Met
hylis
obor
neol
2371
-42-
8–
––
––
––
–M
inoc
yclin
e10
118-
90-8
Ant
ibio
tic–
––
––
––
Myr
othe
cium
ver
ruca
riaN
AVIn
sect
icid
e/
nem
atic
ide
––
––
NAV
NAV
NIA
Nee
m o
il80
02-6
5-1
Inse
ctic
ide
––
––
203
AF
ECO
SAR
2N
osem
a lo
cust
ae c
ann
NAV
Inse
ctic
ide
––
––
––
–n-
Prop
ylbe
nzen
e10
3-65
-1A
djuv
ant
––
––
––
–O
ilN
AVIn
sect
icid
e–
––
––
––
o-X
ylen
e95
-47-
6A
djuv
ant
––
––
––
–
Appendix 4. 163Ta
ble
4–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
arks
or t
oxic
ity v
alue
s w
ith re
sulti
ng A
quat
ic-L
ife T
oxic
ity B
ins
and
avai
labl
e se
dim
ent b
ench
mar
ks u
sed
in th
e ev
alua
tion
of p
estic
ides
for
sedi
men
t.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Sed
imen
t scr
eeni
ng
valu
es sh
own
are
the
low
est o
f the
ava
ilabl
e so
urce
s. Pe
stic
ide
com
poun
ds w
ere
dete
rmin
ed to
exc
eed
a be
nchm
ark
if co
ncen
tratio
ns a
t mor
e th
an 5
per
cent
of s
ites e
xcee
d th
e up
per s
cree
ning
val
ue. A
bbre
via-
tions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
F, c
hron
ic fi
sh; C
I, ch
roni
c in
verte
brat
e; C
OW
, chr
onic
Offi
ce o
f W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he P
rote
ctio
n of
Aqu
atic
Life
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
2); D
F >1
0 %
, ben
chm
ark
com
paris
on n
ot a
pplic
able
bec
ause
com
poun
d ha
s det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy
>10
perc
ent (
Tier
1);
ECO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
9a);
ECO
TOX
, tox
icity
va
lue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010a
); ES
G, e
quili
briu
m-p
artit
ioni
ng se
dim
ent g
uide
line
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
4); I
SQG
, int
erim
se
dim
ent-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2002
); N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
NIA
, no
info
rmat
ion
avai
labl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(U.S
Env
i-ro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009b
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009c
); O
PP to
x, to
xici
ty v
alue
from
OPP
rere
gist
ratio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); PE
C, p
roba
ble
effe
ct c
once
ntra
tion
(Mac
Don
ald
and
othe
rs, 2
000)
; PEL
, pro
babl
e ef
fect
leve
l (C
anad
ian
Cou
ncil
of M
inis
ters
of t
he E
nviro
nmen
t, 20
02);
SQ
G, s
edim
ent q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine;
SQ
SV, s
edim
ent-q
ualit
y sc
reen
ing
valu
e (L
opes
and
Fur
long
, 200
1); S
W, s
alt w
ater
; TEC
, thr
esho
ld e
ffect
con
cent
ratio
n (M
acD
onal
d an
d ot
hers
, 200
0); U
SEPA
, U.S
. En
viro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y; U
SGS,
U.S
. Geo
logi
cal S
urve
y aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
ark
dete
rmin
ed u
sing
OPP
met
hods
and
toxi
city
dat
a (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); W
QG
, wat
er-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); >,
gre
ater
than
; μg/
g O
C, m
icro
gram
per
gra
m o
rgan
ic c
arbo
n; μ
g/kg
DW
, mic
rogr
am p
er k
ilogr
am d
ry w
eigh
t; μg
/L, m
icro
gram
per
lite
r; –,
non
e; %
, per
cent
]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sedi
men
t ben
chm
arks
Aqu
atic
-life
toxi
city
Upp
er; l
ower
se
dim
ent
scre
enin
g va
lues
, un
its
Type
of
scre
enin
g va
lue
Exce
eds
benc
hmar
k?
Aqu
atic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
benc
hmar
k
Aqu
atic
-life
to
xici
ty b
in
(1,2
,3 o
r NIA
)
Not
tier
ed–p
estic
ide-
rela
ted
com
poun
ds in
oth
er c
onta
min
ant g
roup
s or
spe
cies
that
wou
ld n
ot b
e an
alyz
ed in
sed
imen
t –Co
ntin
ued
Petro
leum
dis
tilla
te80
02-0
5-9
Inse
ctic
ide/
ad
juva
nt/
solv
ent
––
––
625
AF
ECO
TOX
2
Petro
leum
oil
6474
1-89
-5H
erbi
cide
/ pl
ant g
row
th
regu
lato
r/ in
sect
icid
e/
adju
vant
––
––
NAV
NAV
NIA
Phos
phor
ic a
cid
7664
-38-
2Fu
ngic
ide/
he
rbic
ide/
m
icro
bioc
ide
––
––
578,
554
CI E
CO
SAR
3
Phyt
opht
hora
spor
esN
AVH
erbi
cide
––
––
––
–Pi
nole
ne68
240-
09-5
Inse
ctic
ide
––
––
NAV
NAV
NIA
Poly
chlo
rinat
ed n
apht
hale
neN
AV–
––
––
––
–Po
lyhe
dros
is v
irus
NAV
Inse
ctic
ide
––
––
––
–Po
tass
ium
bic
arbo
nate
298-
14-6
Fung
icid
e–
––
–12
1,00
0,00
0A
NV
P
ECO
SAR
3
Pota
ssiu
m c
arbo
nate
584-
08-7
Fung
icid
e/
mic
robi
ocid
e/
herb
icid
e/
ph a
djus
tmen
t
––
––
––
–
164 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
4–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
arks
or t
oxic
ity v
alue
s w
ith re
sulti
ng A
quat
ic-L
ife T
oxic
ity B
ins
and
avai
labl
e se
dim
ent b
ench
mar
ks u
sed
in th
e ev
alua
tion
of p
estic
ides
for
sedi
men
t.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Sed
imen
t scr
eeni
ng
valu
es sh
own
are
the
low
est o
f the
ava
ilabl
e so
urce
s. Pe
stic
ide
com
poun
ds w
ere
dete
rmin
ed to
exc
eed
a be
nchm
ark
if co
ncen
tratio
ns a
t mor
e th
an 5
per
cent
of s
ites e
xcee
d th
e up
per s
cree
ning
val
ue. A
bbre
via-
tions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
F, c
hron
ic fi
sh; C
I, ch
roni
c in
verte
brat
e; C
OW
, chr
onic
Offi
ce o
f W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he P
rote
ctio
n of
Aqu
atic
Life
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
2); D
F >1
0 %
, ben
chm
ark
com
paris
on n
ot a
pplic
able
bec
ause
com
poun
d ha
s det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy
>10
perc
ent (
Tier
1);
ECO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
9a);
ECO
TOX
, tox
icity
va
lue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010a
); ES
G, e
quili
briu
m-p
artit
ioni
ng se
dim
ent g
uide
line
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
4); I
SQG
, int
erim
se
dim
ent-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2002
); N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
NIA
, no
info
rmat
ion
avai
labl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(U.S
Env
i-ro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009b
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009c
); O
PP to
x, to
xici
ty v
alue
from
OPP
rere
gist
ratio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); PE
C, p
roba
ble
effe
ct c
once
ntra
tion
(Mac
Don
ald
and
othe
rs, 2
000)
; PEL
, pro
babl
e ef
fect
leve
l (C
anad
ian
Cou
ncil
of M
inis
ters
of t
he E
nviro
nmen
t, 20
02);
SQ
G, s
edim
ent q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine;
SQ
SV, s
edim
ent-q
ualit
y sc
reen
ing
valu
e (L
opes
and
Fur
long
, 200
1); S
W, s
alt w
ater
; TEC
, thr
esho
ld e
ffect
con
cent
ratio
n (M
acD
onal
d an
d ot
hers
, 200
0); U
SEPA
, U.S
. En
viro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y; U
SGS,
U.S
. Geo
logi
cal S
urve
y aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
ark
dete
rmin
ed u
sing
OPP
met
hods
and
toxi
city
dat
a (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); W
QG
, wat
er-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); >,
gre
ater
than
; μg/
g O
C, m
icro
gram
per
gra
m o
rgan
ic c
arbo
n; μ
g/kg
DW
, mic
rogr
am p
er k
ilogr
am d
ry w
eigh
t; μg
/L, m
icro
gram
per
lite
r; –,
non
e; %
, per
cent
]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sedi
men
t ben
chm
arks
Aqu
atic
-life
toxi
city
Upp
er; l
ower
se
dim
ent
scre
enin
g va
lues
, un
its
Type
of
scre
enin
g va
lue
Exce
eds
benc
hmar
k?
Aqu
atic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
benc
hmar
k
Aqu
atic
-life
to
xici
ty b
in
(1,2
,3 o
r NIA
)
Not
tier
ed–p
estic
ide-
rela
ted
com
poun
ds in
oth
er c
onta
min
ant g
roup
s or
spe
cies
that
wou
ld n
ot b
e an
alyz
ed in
sed
imen
t –Co
ntin
ued
Pseu
dom
onas
fluo
resc
ens
NAV
Mic
robi
al fu
ngi-
cide
––
––
NAV
NAV
NIA
Silic
ates
NAV
Inse
ctic
ide
––
––
––
–So
dium
ars
enite
7784
-46-
5H
erbi
cide
/ in
sect
icid
e/
rode
ntic
ide/
fu
ngic
ide
––
––
––
–
Sodi
um m
etab
orat
e77
75-1
9-1
Inse
ctic
ide
––
––
––
–St
eine
rnem
a ca
rpoc
apN
AVIn
sect
icid
e–
––
––
––
Stei
nern
ema
riobr
avi
NAV
Bio
cont
rol
––
––
––
–Su
lfach
loro
pyrid
azin
e80
-32-
0A
ntib
iotic
––
––
––
–Su
lfadi
met
hoxi
ne11
2-11
-2A
ntib
iotic
––
––
––
–Su
lfam
eraz
ine
127-
97-7
Ant
ibio
tic–
––
––
––
Sulfa
met
hazi
ne57
-68-
1A
ntib
iotic
––
––
––
–Su
lfam
etho
xazo
le72
3-46
-6A
ntib
iotic
––
––
––
–Su
lfath
iazo
le72
-14-
0A
ntib
iotic
––
––
––
–Su
lfuric
aci
d76
64-9
3-9
Her
bici
de/
dess
ican
t/ fu
ngic
ide/
m
icro
bioc
ide
––
––
21,0
00A
F EC
OTO
X2
Appendix 4. 165Ta
ble
4–1.
Aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
arks
or t
oxic
ity v
alue
s w
ith re
sulti
ng A
quat
ic-L
ife T
oxic
ity B
ins
and
avai
labl
e se
dim
ent b
ench
mar
ks u
sed
in th
e ev
alua
tion
of p
estic
ides
for
sedi
men
t.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Sed
imen
t scr
eeni
ng
valu
es sh
own
are
the
low
est o
f the
ava
ilabl
e so
urce
s. Pe
stic
ide
com
poun
ds w
ere
dete
rmin
ed to
exc
eed
a be
nchm
ark
if co
ncen
tratio
ns a
t mor
e th
an 5
per
cent
of s
ites e
xcee
d th
e up
per s
cree
ning
val
ue. A
bbre
via-
tions
: AF,
acu
te fi
sh; A
I, ac
ute
inve
rtebr
ate;
AN
VP,
acu
te n
on-v
ascu
lar p
lant
; AV
P, a
cute
vas
cula
r pla
nt; C
AS,
Che
mic
al A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; C
F, c
hron
ic fi
sh; C
I, ch
roni
c in
verte
brat
e; C
OW
, chr
onic
Offi
ce o
f W
ater
Nat
iona
l Rec
omm
ende
d W
ater
Qua
lity
Crit
eria
for t
he P
rote
ctio
n of
Aqu
atic
Life
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
2); D
F >1
0 %
, ben
chm
ark
com
paris
on n
ot a
pplic
able
bec
ause
com
poun
d ha
s det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy
>10
perc
ent (
Tier
1);
ECO
SAR
, est
imat
ed to
xici
ty v
alue
from
USE
PA’s
EPI
Sui
te E
CO
SAR
est
imat
ion
prog
ram
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
9a);
ECO
TOX
, tox
icity
va
lue
from
USE
PA’s
EC
OTO
Xic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010a
); ES
G, e
quili
briu
m-p
artit
ioni
ng se
dim
ent g
uide
line
(U.S
Env
ironm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Age
ncy,
200
4); I
SQG
, int
erim
se
dim
ent-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2002
); N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
NIA
, no
info
rmat
ion
avai
labl
e; O
PP, O
ffice
of P
estic
ide
Prog
ram
s aqu
atic
-life
ben
chm
ark
(U.S
Env
i-ro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009b
); O
PP E
coto
x, O
PP P
estic
ide
ecot
oxic
olog
y da
taba
se (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
009c
); O
PP to
x, to
xici
ty v
alue
from
OPP
rere
gist
ratio
n de
cisi
on d
ocum
ents
(U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); PE
C, p
roba
ble
effe
ct c
once
ntra
tion
(Mac
Don
ald
and
othe
rs, 2
000)
; PEL
, pro
babl
e ef
fect
leve
l (C
anad
ian
Cou
ncil
of M
inis
ters
of t
he E
nviro
nmen
t, 20
02);
SQ
G, s
edim
ent q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine;
SQ
SV, s
edim
ent-q
ualit
y sc
reen
ing
valu
e (L
opes
and
Fur
long
, 200
1); S
W, s
alt w
ater
; TEC
, thr
esho
ld e
ffect
con
cent
ratio
n (M
acD
onal
d an
d ot
hers
, 200
0); U
SEPA
, U.S
. En
viro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y; U
SGS,
U.S
. Geo
logi
cal S
urve
y aq
uatic
-life
ben
chm
ark
dete
rmin
ed u
sing
OPP
met
hods
and
toxi
city
dat
a (U
.S E
nviro
nmen
tal P
rote
ctio
n A
genc
y, 2
010b
); W
QG
, wat
er-q
ualit
y gu
idel
ine
(Can
adia
n C
ounc
il of
Min
iste
rs o
f the
Env
ironm
ent,
2007
); >,
gre
ater
than
; μg/
g O
C, m
icro
gram
per
gra
m o
rgan
ic c
arbo
n; μ
g/kg
DW
, mic
rogr
am p
er k
ilogr
am d
ry w
eigh
t; μg
/L, m
icro
gram
per
lite
r; –,
non
e; %
, per
cent
]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Prim
ary
pest
icid
e ty
pe/u
seTi
er
Sedi
men
t ben
chm
arks
Aqu
atic
-life
toxi
city
Upp
er; l
ower
se
dim
ent
scre
enin
g va
lues
, un
its
Type
of
scre
enin
g va
lue
Exce
eds
benc
hmar
k?
Aqu
atic
-life
be
nchm
ark
(µg/
L)
Type
of
benc
hmar
k
Aqu
atic
-life
to
xici
ty b
in
(1,2
,3 o
r NIA
)
Not
tier
ed–p
estic
ide-
rela
ted
com
poun
ds in
oth
er c
onta
min
ant g
roup
s or
spe
cies
that
wou
ld n
ot b
e an
alyz
ed in
sed
imen
t –Co
ntin
ued
TCA
(Tric
hlor
oace
tic a
cid)
76-0
3-9
Her
bici
de/
brea
kdow
n pr
oduc
t
––
––
––
–
Tetra
boro
hydr
ate
NAV
Fung
icid
e/
inse
ctic
ide
––
––
NAV
NAV
NIA
Tetra
chlo
roet
hyle
ne12
7-18
-4Fu
mig
ant/
adju
vant
–42
0; 5
3,μg
/g O
CTi
er 1
; Tie
r 2
(USE
PA E
SG)
Con
cent
ratio
n da
ta N
AV–
––
Tolu
ene
108-
88-3
Adj
uvan
t–
1,60
0; 8
9,μg
/g O
CTi
er 1
; Tie
r 2
(USE
PA E
SG)
Con
cent
ratio
n da
ta N
AV–
––
Tric
hlor
oeth
ylen
e79
-01-
6Fu
mig
ant/
adju
vant
–2,
000;
210
,μg
/g O
CTi
er 1
; Tie
r 2
(USE
PA E
SG)
Con
cent
ratio
n da
ta N
AV–
––
Tric
hlor
ofluo
rom
etha
ne75
-69-
4A
djuv
ant
––
––
––
–Zi
nc74
40-6
6-6
Her
bici
de–
315,
000;
, 12
1,00
0,µg
/kg
DW
PEL
(Can
ada
- In
terim
SQ
G);
TE
C (c
onse
n-su
s-
base
d SQ
G,
Mac
Don
ald)
Con
cent
ratio
n da
ta N
AV12
0C
OW
2
1 See
tier
s for
indi
vidu
al c
ompo
nent
s of D
DT
(p,p
- and
o,p
ʹ-DD
D, D
DE,
and
DD
T).
166 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods Development
References Cited, Appendix 4
Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment, 2002, Canadian sediment quality guidelines for the protection of aquatic life, summary tables, update 2002 (updated from Canadian environmental quality guidelines, 1999): Cana-dian Council of Ministers of the Environment, 7 p. Available at http://www.ccme.ca/assets/pdf/sedqg_summary_table.pdf
Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment, 2007, Canadian water quality guidelines for the protection of aquatic life: Summary table, Update 7.1: Canadian Coun-cil of Ministers of the Environment, December 2007, 9 p. Available at http://www.ccme.ca/assets/pdf/aql_summary_7.1_en.pdf
Lopes, T.J., and Furlong, E.T., 2001, Occurrence and poten-tial adverse effects of semi-volatile organic compounds in streambed sediment, United States, 1992–1995: Environ-mental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 20, no. 4, p. 727–737.
MacDonald, D.D., Ingersoll, C.G., and Berger, T.A., 2000, Development and evaluation of consensus-based sediment quality guidelines for freshwater ecosystems: Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 39, p. 20–31.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2002, National recom-mended water quality criteria 2002: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water EPA-822-R-02-047, November 2002, 36 p. Available at http://water.epa.gov/scitech/swguidance/standards/upload/2008_04_29_criteria_wqctable_nrwqc-2002.pdf
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2004, The incidence and severity of sediment contamination in surface waters of the United States, National Sediment Quality Survey: Second Edition, Appendix C: values used for chemicals evaluated: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Science and Technology, EPA-823-R-04-007, November 2004, 280 p. Available at http://www.epa.gov/waterscience/cs/report/2004/nsqs2ed-complete.pdf
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2009a, EPI Suite™ Version 4.0, USEPA Office of Pollution Prevention and Tox-ics and Syracuse Research Corporation (SRC). Available at http://www.epa.gov/oppt/exposure/pubs/episuite.htm
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2009b, Office of Pesticide Programs’ aquatic life benchmarks (freshwater): U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Pesticide Programs, updated April 9, 2009, accessed May 2010, at http://www.epa.gov/oppefed1/ecorisk_ders/aquatic_life_benchmark.htm
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2009c, Pesticide ecotoxicity database, version April 10, 2009: U.S. Environ-mental Protection Agency, Office of Pesticide Programs, last accessed January 22, 2010 at http://www.ipmcenters.org/Ecotox/index.cfm
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010a, ECOTOXicol-ogy Database System,Version 4.0: U.S. Environmental Pro-tection Agency, Office of Research and Development and the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory's Mid-Continent Ecology Division, last accessed May 2010, at http://www.epa.gov/ecotox/
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010b, Pesticide reregistration status: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Pesticide Programs, accessed 2007– 2009, at http://www.epa.gov/oppsrrd1/reregistration/status.htm
Appendix 5. 167
Appendix 5.
Concentration Statistics for 83 Pesticide Compounds Sampled in Agricultural and Urban Land-Use Streams Over a 1-Year Period from the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program Monitoring Studies, 1993–2000
Tabl
e 5–
1.
Conc
entra
tion
stat
istic
s fo
r 83
pest
icid
e co
mpo
unds
sam
pled
in a
gric
ultu
ral a
nd u
rban
land
-use
stre
ams
over
a 1
-yea
r per
iod
from
the
Nat
iona
l Wat
er-Q
ualit
y As
sess
men
t (N
AWQA
) Pro
gram
mon
itorin
g st
udie
s, 1
993–
2000
.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Con
cent
ratio
n st
atis
-tic
s wer
e de
term
ined
for a
gric
ultu
ral a
nd u
rban
land
-use
stre
am si
tes w
ith a
min
imum
of e
ight
sam
ples
in a
1-y
ear p
erio
d us
ing
the
met
hods
of M
artin
(200
6). A
bbre
viat
ions
: CA
S, C
hem
ical
Abs
tract
s Ser
vice
; LT
-MD
L, lo
ng-te
rm m
etho
d de
tect
ion
leve
l; N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
µg/
L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; <,
less
than
]
Chem
ical
nam
ePa
ram
eter
co
de
CAS
Regi
stry
N
umbe
r
Max
imum
LT
-MD
L (µ
g/L)
Agr
icul
tura
l Str
eam
sU
rban
Str
eam
s
Num
ber
of s
ites
Rang
e of
nu
mbe
r of
sam
ples
pe
r site
Max
imum
of
ann
ual
mea
ns
(num
ber o
f sa
mpl
es),
in µ
g/L
1
Max
imum
of
95th
per
cent
iles
(num
ber o
f sa
mpl
es),
in µ
g/L
1
Num
ber
of s
ites
Rang
e of
nu
mbe
r of
sam
ples
pe
r site
Max
imum
of
ann
ual
mea
ns
(num
ber o
f sa
mpl
es),
in µ
g/L
1
Max
imum
of
95th
per
cent
iles
(num
ber o
f sa
mpl
es),
in
µg/
L 1
2,4,
5-T
(2,4
,5-T
richl
oro-
ph
enox
yace
tic a
cid)
3974
293
-76-
50.
0462
10 to
44
<0.0
4<0
.04
1914
to 4
5<0
.04
<0.0
4
2,4,
5-TP
(2-[
2,4,
5-Tr
ichl
oro-
phen
oxy]
prop
ioni
c ac
id)
3976
293
-72-
10.
0362
10 to
44
<0.0
3<0
.03
1914
to 4
5<0
.03
<0.0
3
2,4-
D (2
,4-D
ichl
orop
heno
xy
acet
ic a
cid)
3973
294
-75-
70.
0862
10 to
44
<0.6
363.
87 (1
9)19
14 to
45
0.73
9 (2
5)4.
34 (2
5)
2,4-
DB
(4-[
2,4-
Dic
hlor
o-
phen
oxy]
buty
ric a
cid)
3874
694
-82-
60.
1362
10 to
44
<0.1
3<0
.13
1914
to 4
5<0
.134
<0.1
3
2,6-
Die
thyl
anili
ne82
660
579-
66-8
0.00
383
10 to
49
0.00
2 (3
0)0.
005
(30)
3014
to 5
0<0
.003
<0.0
033-
Hyd
roxy
carb
ofur
an49
308
1665
5-82
-60.
0562
10 to
46
<0.0
5<0
.05
1914
to 4
6<0
.05
<0.0
5A
ceto
chlo
r49
260
3425
6-82
-10.
003
498
to 4
90.
716
(19)
6.68
(19)
218
to 4
2<0
.022
0.16
(29)
Aci
fluor
fen
4931
550
594-
66-6
0.04
6210
to 4
40.
138
(36)
0.81
(36)
1914
to 4
5<0
.04
0.06
(25)
Ala
chlo
r46
342
1597
2-60
-80.
002
8310
to 4
90.
457
(19)
3.33
(19)
3013
to 4
90.
004
(26)
0.01
9 (2
5)A
ldic
arb
4931
211
6-06
-30.
162
10 to
46
<0.1
16<0
.119
14 to
46
<0.1
<0.1
Ald
icar
b su
lfone
4931
316
46-8
8-4
0.1
6210
to 4
6<0
.1<0
.119
14 to
46
<0.1
<0.1
Ald
icar
b su
lfoxi
de49
314
1646
-87-
30.
1462
10 to
46
<0.2
050.
5 (2
8)19
14 to
46
<0.1
4<0
.14
alph
a-H
CH
(alp
ha-
Hex
achl
oroc
yclo
hexa
ne)
3425
331
9-84
-60.
002
8310
to 4
9<0
.011
0.06
9 (1
8)30
14 to
50
<0.0
02<0
.002
Atra
zine
3963
219
12-2
4-9
0.00
483
10 to
49
9.62
2 (3
0)58
.7 (2
7)30
12 to
50
0.58
5 (3
0)2.
68 (3
0)A
zinp
hos-
met
hyl
8268
686
-50-
00.
0283
10 to
49
0.02
1 (2
4)0.
28 (4
4)30
14 to
50
<0.0
310.
171
(18)
Ben
flura
lin82
673
1861
-40-
10.
005
8310
to 4
9<0
.005
0.00
6 (4
9)30
14 to
50
<0.0
050.
01 (3
4)B
enta
zon
3871
125
057-
89-0
0.03
6210
to 4
40.
293
(36)
1.53
(36)
1914
to 4
5<0
.03
<0.0
3B
rom
acil
0402
931
4-40
-90.
0462
10 to
46
<0.3
950.
88 (2
0)19
14 to
46
<0.1
751.
55 (3
0)B
rom
oxyn
il49
311
1689
-84-
50.
0362
10 to
44
<0.0
450.
06 (1
5)19
14 to
45
<0.0
3<0
.03
But
ylat
e04
028
2008
-41-
50.
001
8310
to 4
90.
148
(30)
0.85
(24)
3014
to 5
0<0
.001
<0.0
01C
arba
ryl
8268
063
-25-
20.
021
8310
to 4
90.
116
(24)
0.56
8 (1
8)30
14 to
50
0.64
4 (1
9)4.
8 (1
9)C
arbo
fura
n82
674
1563
-66-
20.
0183
10 to
49
0.49
3 (1
8)3.
61 (1
8)30
14 to
50
<0.0
130.
05 (2
3)
Tabl
e 5–
1.
Conc
entra
tion
stat
istic
s fo
r 83
pest
icid
e co
mpo
unds
sam
pled
in a
gric
ultu
ral a
nd u
rban
land
-use
stre
ams
over
a 1
-yea
r per
iod
from
the
Nat
iona
l Wat
er-Q
ualit
y As
sess
men
t (N
AWQA
) Pro
gram
mon
itorin
g st
udie
s, 1
993–
2000
.
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Con
cent
ratio
n st
atis
-tic
s wer
e de
term
ined
for a
gric
ultu
ral a
nd u
rban
land
-use
stre
am si
tes w
ith a
min
imum
of e
ight
sam
ples
in a
1-y
ear p
erio
d us
ing
the
met
hods
of M
artin
(200
6). A
bbre
viat
ions
: CA
S, C
hem
ical
Abs
tract
s Ser
vice
; LT
-MD
L, lo
ng-te
rm m
etho
d de
tect
ion
leve
l; N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
µg/
L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; <,
less
than
]
168 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods Development
Appendix 5. 169Ta
ble
5–1.
Co
ncen
tratio
n st
atis
tics
for 8
3 pe
stic
ide
com
poun
ds s
ampl
ed in
agr
icul
tura
l and
urb
an la
nd-u
se s
tream
s ov
er a
1-y
ear p
erio
d fro
m th
e N
atio
nal W
ater
-Qua
lity
Asse
ssm
ent (
NAW
QA) P
rogr
am m
onito
ring
stud
ies,
199
3–20
00.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Con
cent
ratio
n st
atis
-tic
s wer
e de
term
ined
for a
gric
ultu
ral a
nd u
rban
land
-use
stre
am si
tes w
ith a
min
imum
of e
ight
sam
ples
in a
1-y
ear p
erio
d us
ing
the
met
hods
of M
artin
(200
6). A
bbre
viat
ions
: CA
S, C
hem
ical
Abs
tract
s Ser
vice
; LT
-MD
L, lo
ng-te
rm m
etho
d de
tect
ion
leve
l; N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
µg/
L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; <,
less
than
]
Chem
ical
nam
ePa
ram
eter
co
de
CAS
Regi
stry
N
umbe
r
Max
imum
LT
-MD
L (µ
g/L)
Agr
icul
tura
l Str
eam
sU
rban
Str
eam
s
Num
ber
of s
ites
Rang
e of
nu
mbe
r of
sam
ples
pe
r site
Max
imum
of
ann
ual
mea
ns
(num
ber o
f sa
mpl
es),
in µ
g/L
1
Max
imum
of
95th
per
cent
iles
(num
ber o
f sa
mpl
es),
in µ
g/L
1
Num
ber
of s
ites
Rang
e of
nu
mbe
r of
sam
ples
pe
r site
Max
imum
of
ann
ual
mea
ns
(num
ber o
f sa
mpl
es),
in µ
g/L
1
Max
imum
of
95th
per
cent
iles
(num
ber o
f sa
mpl
es),
in
µg/
L 1
Chl
oram
ben
met
hyl
6118
872
86-8
4-2
0.11
6210
to 4
6<0
.11
<0.1
119
14 to
46
<0.1
1<0
.11
Chl
orot
halo
nil
4930
618
97-4
5-6
0.07
6210
to 4
6<0
.07
<0.0
719
14 to
45
<0.0
70.
03 (2
6)C
hlor
pyrif
os38
933
2921
-88-
20.
003
8310
to 4
90.
019
(47)
0.08
5 (4
7)30
14 to
50
0.05
4 (2
5)0.
149
(25)
cis-
Perm
ethr
in82
687
5477
4-45
-70.
003
8310
to 4
9<0
.004
0.01
9 (1
5)30
14 to
50
<0.0
03<0
.003
Clo
pyra
lid49
305
1702
-17-
60.
2162
10 to
44
<0.2
1<0
.21
1914
to 4
5<0
.21
<0.2
1C
yana
zine
0404
121
725-
46-2
0.00
983
10 to
48
4.04
(30)
13.9
(14)
3014
to 5
0<0
.013
0.04
3 (3
4)D
acth
al82
682
1861
-32-
10.
002
8310
to 4
92.
128
(24)
30 (2
4)30
14 to
50
0.00
6 (2
4)0.
029
(19)
Dac
thal
mon
oaci
d49
304
887-
54-7
0.04
6210
to 4
4<0
.06
0.21
(24)
1914
to 4
5<0
.04
<0.0
4D
eeth
ylat
razi
ne04
040
6190
-65-
40.
003
8310
to 4
90.
329
(30)
1.72
(30)
3012
to 5
00.
044
(29)
0.19
(25)
Dia
zino
n39
572
333-
41-5
0.00
383
10 to
49
0.06
3 (4
6)0.
36 (4
6)30
12 to
50
0.70
5 (2
1)1.
9 (2
1)D
icam
ba38
442
1918
-00-
90.
0562
10 to
44
<0.0
850.
41 (2
0)19
14 to
45
<0.0
570.
16 (2
0)D
ichl
oben
il49
303
1194
-65-
60.
0562
10 to
46
<0.0
50.
01 (1
7)19
14 to
46
<0.0
740.
3 (1
4)D
ichl
orpr
op49
302
120-
36-5
0.06
6210
to 4
4<0
.068
0.11
(18)
1914
to 4
5<0
.067
0.07
(25)
Die
ldrin
3938
160
-57-
10.
002
8310
to 4
90.
006
(44)
0.02
9 (1
5)30
14 to
50
0.04
5 (2
2)0.
077
(22)
Din
oseb
4930
188
-85-
70.
0462
10 to
44
<0.0
830.
02 (2
2)19
14 to
45
<0.0
4<0
.04
Dis
ulfo
ton
8267
729
8-04
-40.
011
8310
to 4
9<0
.068
0.03
2 (3
6)30
14 to
50
<0.0
11<0
.011
Diu
ron
4930
033
0-54
-10.
0662
10 to
46
0.22
7 (3
6)13
(17)
1914
to 4
61.
526
(23)
6.76
(23)
DN
OC
(4,6
-Din
itro-
o-cr
esol
)49
299
534-
52-1
0.13
6210
to 4
4<0
.13
0.19
(21)
1914
to 4
5<0
.142
0.32
(20)
EPTC
(S-E
thyl
di
prop
ylth
ioca
rbam
ate)
8266
875
9-94
-40.
001
8310
to 4
90.
564
(24)
4.6
(24)
3014
to 5
00.
005
(27)
0.03
7 (1
8)
Etha
lflur
alin
8266
355
283-
68-6
0.00
583
10 to
49
<0.0
220.
13 (4
5)30
14 to
50
<0.0
05<0
.005
Etho
prop
8267
213
194-
48-4
0.00
283
10 to
49
0.01
3 (3
1)0.
329
(18)
3014
to 4
9<0
.006
0.02
9 (2
9)Fe
nuro
n49
297
101-
42-8
0.03
6210
to 4
6<0
.03
<0.0
319
14 to
46
<0.0
3<0
.03
Fluo
met
uron
3881
121
64-1
7-2
0.03
6210
to 4
60.
925
(28)
7.56
(28)
1914
to 4
6<0
.03
<0.0
3Fo
nofo
s04
095
944-
22-9
0.00
183
10 to
49
0.03
1 (4
4)0.
17 (1
4)30
14 to
50
<0.0
060.
028
(19)
gam
ma-
HC
H39
341
58-8
9-9
0.00
283
10 to
49
<0.0
10.
036
(18)
3014
to 5
0<0
.005
0.01
5 (1
4)Li
nuro
n82
666
330-
55-2
0.01
883
10 to
49
<0.0
610.
32 (3
1)30
14 to
50
<0.0
29<0
.018
Mal
athi
on39
532
121-
75-5
0.01
483
10 to
49
0.04
4 (2
6)0.
243
(26)
3014
to 5
00.
059
(24)
0.38
(21)
Tabl
e 5–
1.
Conc
entra
tion
stat
istic
s fo
r 83
pest
icid
e co
mpo
unds
sam
pled
in a
gric
ultu
ral a
nd u
rban
land
-use
stre
ams
over
a 1
-yea
r per
iod
from
the
Nat
iona
l Wat
er-Q
ualit
y As
sess
men
t (N
AWQA
) Pro
gram
mon
itorin
g st
udie
s, 1
993–
2000
.—Co
ntin
ued
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Con
cent
ratio
n st
atis
-tic
s wer
e de
term
ined
for a
gric
ultu
ral a
nd u
rban
land
-use
stre
am si
tes w
ith a
min
imum
of e
ight
sam
ples
in a
1-y
ear p
erio
d us
ing
the
met
hods
of M
artin
(200
6). A
bbre
viat
ions
: CA
S, C
hem
ical
Abs
tract
s Ser
vice
; LT
-MD
L, lo
ng-te
rm m
etho
d de
tect
ion
leve
l; N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
µg/
L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; <,
less
than
]
Chem
ical
nam
ePa
ram
eter
co
de
CAS
Regi
stry
N
umbe
r
Max
imum
LT
-MD
L (µ
g/L)
Agr
icul
tura
l Str
eam
sU
rban
Str
eam
s
Num
ber
of s
ites
Rang
e of
nu
mbe
r of
sam
ples
pe
r site
Max
imum
of
ann
ual
mea
ns
(num
ber o
f sa
mpl
es),
in µ
g/L
1
Max
imum
of
95th
per
cent
iles
(num
ber o
f sa
mpl
es),
in µ
g/L
1
Num
ber
of s
ites
Rang
e of
nu
mbe
r of
sam
ples
pe
r site
Max
imum
of
ann
ual
mea
ns
(num
ber o
f sa
mpl
es),
in µ
g/L
1
Max
imum
of
95th
per
cent
iles
(num
ber o
f sa
mpl
es),
in
µg/
L 1
MC
PA (2
-Met
hyl-4
-chl
oro-
phen
oxya
cetic
aci
d)38
482
94-7
4-6
0.1
6210
to 4
4<0
.192
0.94
(16)
1914
to 4
5<0
.229
0.68
(25)
MC
PB (4
-[4-
Chl
oro-
2-
met
hylp
heno
xy]b
utan
oic
acid
)
3848
794
-81-
50.
1362
10 to
44
<0.1
3<0
.13
1914
to 4
5<0
.13
<0.1
3
Met
hioc
arb
3850
120
32-6
5-7
0.03
6210
to 4
6<0
.03
<0.0
319
14 to
46
<0.0
3<0
.03
Met
hom
yl49
296
1675
2-77
-50.
2462
10 to
46
<0.2
610.
33 (2
0)19
14 to
46
<0.2
4<0
.24
Met
olac
hlor
3941
551
218-
45-2
0.00
683
10 to
49
2.39
5 (2
3)11
.6 (3
0)30
14 to
50
0.46
5 (2
5)2
(25)
Met
ribuz
in82
630
2108
7-64
-90.
003
8310
to 4
90.
446
(19)
3.66
(23)
3014
to 5
0<0
.02
0.18
8 (2
2)M
olin
ate
8267
122
12-6
7-1
0.00
183
10 to
49
7.89
6 (2
1)40
(21)
3014
to 5
0<0
.008
0.06
1 (2
5)N
apro
pam
ide
8268
415
299-
99-7
0.00
383
10 to
49
0.10
1 (1
8)0.
767
(18)
3014
to 5
0<0
.005
0.00
8 (2
8)N
ebur
on49
294
555-
37-3
0.03
6210
to 4
6<0
.03
<0.0
319
14 to
46
<0.0
30.
02 (1
7)N
orflu
razo
n49
293
2731
4-13
-20.
021
6210
to 4
60.
426
(20)
0.58
(20)
1914
to 4
6<0
.021
<0.0
21O
ryza
lin49
292
1904
4-88
-30.
1462
10 to
46
<0.2
391.
8 (1
7)19
14 to
46
<0.2
161.
51 (2
3)O
xam
yl38
866
2313
5-22
-00.
0862
10 to
46
0.05
2 (2
5)0.
15 (2
5)19
14 to
46
<0.0
8<0
.08
p,pʹ
-DD
E (p
,pʹ-
Dic
hlor
odip
heny
l-di
chlo
roet
hyle
ne)
3465
372
-55-
90.
001
8310
to 4
90.
008
(49)
0.03
(49)
3014
to 5
0<0
.001
0.00
2 (3
1)
Para
thio
n39
542
56-3
8-2
0.00
583
10 to
49
<0.0
05<0
.005
3014
to 5
0<0
.006
<0.0
05Pa
rath
ion-
met
hyl
8266
729
8-00
-00.
003
8310
to 4
9<0
.029
0.21
9 (3
5)30
13 to
50
<0.0
05<0
.003
Pebu
late
8266
911
14-7
1-2
0.00
283
10 to
49
0.02
4 (4
3)0.
14 (4
3)30
14 to
50
<0.0
030.
023
(19)
Pend
imet
halin
8268
340
487-
42-1
0.01
183
10 to
49
0.11
6 (3
5)0.
779
(35)
3014
to 5
00.
079
(25)
0.28
7 (2
5)Ph
orat
e82
664
298-
02-2
0.00
683
9 to
49
<0.0
13<0
.006
3014
to 5
0<0
.006
<0.0
06Pi
clor
am49
291
1918
-02-
10.
0462
10 to
44
<0.0
4<0
.04
1914
to 4
5<0
.04
<0.0
4Pr
omet
on04
037
1610
-18-
00.
007
8310
to 4
80.
075
(24)
0.11
8 (2
2)30
14 to
50
0.99
8 (3
0)1.
8 (3
2)Pr
onam
ide
8267
623
950-
58-5
0.00
283
10 to
49
0.03
5 (2
2)0.
2 (2
1)30
14 to
50
0.03
2 (2
5)0.
092
(25)
Prop
achl
or04
024
1918
-16-
70.
005
8310
to 4
9<0
.014
0.10
7 (1
5)30
14 to
50
<0.0
050.
008
(18)
Prop
anil
8267
970
9-98
-80.
005
8310
to 4
9<0
.066
0.23
8 (3
4)30
14 to
50
<0.0
090.
022
(24)
170 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods Development
Appendix 5. 171Ta
ble
5–1.
Co
ncen
tratio
n st
atis
tics
for 8
3 pe
stic
ide
com
poun
ds s
ampl
ed in
agr
icul
tura
l and
urb
an la
nd-u
se s
tream
s ov
er a
1-y
ear p
erio
d fro
m th
e N
atio
nal W
ater
-Qua
lity
Asse
ssm
ent (
NAW
QA) P
rogr
am m
onito
ring
stud
ies,
199
3–20
00.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Con
cent
ratio
n st
atis
-tic
s wer
e de
term
ined
for a
gric
ultu
ral a
nd u
rban
land
-use
stre
am si
tes w
ith a
min
imum
of e
ight
sam
ples
in a
1-y
ear p
erio
d us
ing
the
met
hods
of M
artin
(200
6). A
bbre
viat
ions
: CA
S, C
hem
ical
Abs
tract
s Ser
vice
; LT
-MD
L, lo
ng-te
rm m
etho
d de
tect
ion
leve
l; N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
µg/
L, m
icro
gram
s per
lite
r; <,
less
than
]
Chem
ical
nam
ePa
ram
eter
co
de
CAS
Regi
stry
N
umbe
r
Max
imum
LT
-MD
L (µ
g/L)
Agr
icul
tura
l Str
eam
sU
rban
Str
eam
s
Num
ber
of s
ites
Rang
e of
nu
mbe
r of
sam
ples
pe
r site
Max
imum
of
ann
ual
mea
ns
(num
ber o
f sa
mpl
es),
in µ
g/L
1
Max
imum
of
95th
per
cent
iles
(num
ber o
f sa
mpl
es),
in µ
g/L
1
Num
ber
of s
ites
Rang
e of
nu
mbe
r of
sam
ples
pe
r site
Max
imum
of
ann
ual
mea
ns
(num
ber o
f sa
mpl
es),
in µ
g/L
1
Max
imum
of
95th
per
cent
iles
(num
ber o
f sa
mpl
es),
in
µg/
L 1
Prop
argi
te82
685
2312
-35-
80.
011
8310
to 4
91.
242
(49)
20 (4
9)30
14 to
50
<0.0
12<0
.011
Prop
ham
4923
612
2-42
-90.
1162
10 to
46
<0.1
1<0
.11
1914
to 4
6<0
.11
0.07
(23)
Prop
oxur
3853
811
4-26
-10.
0662
10 to
46
<0.0
60.
11 (2
4)19
14 to
46
<0.0
68<0
.06
Sim
azin
e04
035
122-
34-9
0.00
683
10 to
49
0.71
9 (2
2)3.
12 (2
2)30
13 to
50
3.57
4 (2
5)9.
03 (2
5)Te
buth
iuro
n82
670
3401
4-18
-10.
008
8310
to 4
90.
683
(15)
1.58
(15)
3013
to 5
00.
228
(31)
1.07
(31)
Terb
acil
8266
559
02-5
1-2
0.01
783
10 to
49
0.04
3 (2
5)0.
094
(25)
3014
to 5
0<0
.02
0.06
9 (3
1)Te
rbuf
os82
675
1307
1-79
-90.
009
8310
to 4
9<0
.009
<0.0
0930
14 to
50
<0.0
09<0
.009
Thio
benc
arb
8268
128
249-
77-6
0.00
283
10 to
49
0.10
2 (3
3)4.
38 (1
5)30
14 to
50
<0.0
030.
009
(25)
Tria
llate
8267
823
03-1
7-5
0.00
183
10 to
49
0.04
8 (2
2)0.
41 (2
2)30
14 to
50
<0.0
240.
026
(14)
Tric
lopy
r49
235
5533
5-06
-30.
0462
10 to
44
<0.6
752.
27 (3
6)19
14 to
45
<0.3
483.
35 (2
3)Tr
iflur
alin
8266
115
82-0
9-8
0.00
583
10 to
49
0.02
(44)
0.08
1 (3
5)30
14 to
50
0.00
4 (2
5)0.
02 (2
4)1 Th
e nu
mbe
r of s
ampl
es fo
r the
max
imum
of t
he a
nnua
l mea
ns a
nd 9
5th p
erce
ntile
s is g
iven
onl
y w
hen
the
valu
e is
not
a le
ss-th
an v
alue
.
172 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods Development
Reference Cited, Appendix 5
Martin, J.D., 2006, The quality of our nation's waters–pesti-cides in the nation's streams and ground water, 1992–2001, Appendix 8A: Analytical approach and methods for pes-ticides in stream water: U.S. Geological Survey, Circular 1291, accessed at http://water.usgs.gov/nawqa/pnsp/pubs/circ1291/appendix8/8a.html (available online only).
Appendix 6. 173
Appendix 6.
Summary of the Multi-Compound Watershed Regressions for Pesticides (WARP) Model Methodology
174 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods Development
Larson and others (2004) developed and applied regres-sion models for predicting atrazine concentration statistics in streams. These Watershed Regressions for Pesticides (WARP) use nationally and readily available watershed characteristics and atrazine use intensity (kilograms per square kilometer) within the watersheds as explanatory variables to facilitate model extrapolation to unmonitored streams. Stone and Gil-liom (2009) updated the WARP models to incorporate updated, annually variable atrazine use and precipitation information. The WARP atrazine models have the form of equation 1 and coefficients for the model variables are listed in table 6-1.
log Concentration = UI + log R
+ K+ WA +
10 10
1/4
1/2
( ) ( )
f
PERDUN + PRECIP
whereUI = atrazine-use intensity, or the a
]
nnnualagricultural use in a watershedin kilograms divided bby thewatershed area in square kilometers;
R = rainfall erosiivity factor R-factor from Universal Soil Loss Equation
( )
USLEK = soil erodibility factor K-factor
from USLE;WA
( )( )
;
== area of the watershed in square kilometers;PERDUN = percenttage of total stream flow derived
from Dunne overland floww; andPRECIP = total precipitation for May and June
in millimmeters.
(1)
Pesticide properties influence their transport to streams. Direct use of the atrazine WARP models to predict concentra-tions of other pesticides in streams will be affected by differ-ences between atrazine properties and those of other pesti-cides. For pesticides that have properties that make them less mobile than atrazine in surface runoff, the direct application of the atrazine WARP models will consistently over-predict concentrations in streams.
To support the pesticide prioritization effort, non-atrazine pesticide concentrations can be predicted using the WARP models by substituting the use intensity of the pesticides of
interest and adjusting the predicted concentrations based on the properties of the pesticides (Charles G. Crawford, U.S. Geological Survey, written commun., 2009). The surface water mobility index (SWMI) attempts to quantify pesticide mobil-ity through use of the soil degradation half-life and organic carbon sorption coefficient (Chen and others, 2002). Vapor pressure also influences transport, in that pesticides with high vapor pressures have more potential to volatize, reducing the likelihood of direct transport to streams. In addition, pesticides with high vapor pressures may require application through soil incorporation, which reduces their availability for transport by surface runoff.
The SWMI and vapor pressure values of the non-atrazine pesticides were incorporated in the WARP models as mul-tiplicative factors that adjust the pesticide concentrations predicted by the atrazine WARP models (Charles G. Crawford, U.S. Geological Survey, written commun., 2009). The SWMI adjustment factor (SWMIAF) was calculated as shown in equation 2.
SWMI = (SWMI /SWMI )
whereSWMI
AF pesticide atrazine
pestici
0 8692.
dde = surface water mobility index for a
non-atrazine pesticiide, andSWMI surface water mobility index
for atratrazine =
aazine.
(2)
The vapor pressure adjustment factor (VPAF) was calculated as shown in equation 3. If VPpesticide was less than VPatrazine, then VPAF was considered to be 1.
VP VP VP871
whereVP vapor p
AF atrazine pesticide
atrazine
= ( )
=
/.0 0
rressure of atrazine, andVP vapor pressure of a npesticide = oon-atrazine
pesticide.
(3)
Table 6–1. Coefficients for variables in the annual mean and 95th percentile Watershed Regressions for Pesticides (WARP) models.
[Model variables are defined in equation 1]
Concentration statistic
Regression coefficients
Intercept UI1/4 log10R K WA1/2 PERDUN PRECIP
Annual mean –4.23 0.75 0.571 2.40 0.00046 –0.096 0.002295th percentile –4.01 0.71 0.665 2.89 0.00058 –0.091 0.0024
Appendix 6. 175
The coefficients for the SWMI ratio (0.8691812) and the vapor pressure ratio (0.08713313) were estimated from the relation shown in equation 4 using uncensored observa-tions for 30 pesticides (excluding atrazine) for which both estimated agricultural pesticide use and concentration data were available (table 6-2). Annual concentration statistics for these pesticides were calculated for one year of data from each of the WARP model-development stations to avoid any one station from having undue influence on the relation because of having multiple years of data. The years available for selection ranged from 1992 to 2003, and the year selection was based on the number of samples collected and the timing of sample collection in order to strengthen the calculation of the annual frequency distribution of pesticide concentrations in the streams. To optimize the estimation process, the uncensored observations were pooled across the various concentration sta-tistics because of the limited amount of uncensored observa-tions for the individual concentrations statistics. This pooling resulted in a total of 1,706 uncensored observations for the estimation process. Metolachlor contributed the most data to this pool (41 percent), which was followed by cyanazine (18 percent), acetochlor (13 percent), bentazon (6 percent), EPTC (5 percent), and triallate (3 percent); the remaining pesticides combined contributed 14 percent. Herbicides made up 96 percent of pooled uncensored observations.
log Concentration log1
Concentration10 0observed predicted( ) =
+ coefficient log
1SWMI SWMISWMI pesticide atrazine×
0/
+
coefficient log1
VP VP
wher
VP atrazine pesticide×0
/
eeConcentration observed concentration
of pesticidobserved =ee,
Concentration predicted concentration of pestipredicted =
ccide,coefficient coefficient for SWMI
ratio, andcoeff
SWMI =
iicient coefficient for vapor pressure ratioVP =
.
(4)
The WARP regression models will predict non-zero pesticide concentrations for streams with zero pesticide use intensity, which will contribute toward over prediction of stream concentrations for non-atrazine pesticides. The WARP models used in the pesticide prioritization effort were cor-rected for this by subtracting predicted concentrations for zero use intensity from the predicted concentration according to equation 5.
Concentration
Concentration ConcentratiCorrected
Predicted
=
− oon SWMI VP
whereConcentration pre
ZeroUseAF AF
Corrected
( )
=
××
ddicted concentration for a pesticide corrected for zero usse intensity in the watershed,
Concentration predPredicted = iicted concentration for a pesticide based on 2 7 agricul
00ttural pesticide use
intensity GfK Kynetec 2 7 and
Con
( ,),00
ccentration predicted concentration for a pesticide
ZeroUse = with use intensity
equal to zero.
(5)
Table 6–2. Pesticides used in estimating the adjustment factor coefficients for the adjusted atrazine Watershed Regressions for Pesticides (WARP) model.
Compound name
Acetochlor Chlorimuron ethyl Fonofos Pebulate PropiconazoleAcifluorfen Cyanazine Linuron Phorate TerbacilBentazon EPTC (S-Ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate) Methomyl Pronamide TerbufosBromoxynil Ethalfluralin Metolachlor Propachlor ThiobencarbButylate Ethoprop Nicosulfuron Propanil TriallateCarbofuran Fluometuron Oxamyl Propargite Trifluralin
176 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods Development
References Cited, Appendix 6
Chen, W., Hertl, P., Chen, S., and Tierney, D., 2002, A pesti-cide surface water mobility index and its relationship with concentrations in agriculture drainage watersheds: Environ-mental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 21, no. 2, p. 298–308.
Larson, S.J., Crawford, C.G., and Gilliom, R.J., 2004, Devel-opment and application of Watershed Regressions for Pesticides (WARP) for estimating atrazine concentration distributions in streams: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 03–4047, 68 p.
Stone, W.W., and Gilliom, R.J., 2009, Update of watershed regressions for pesticides (WARP) for predicting atrazine concentration in streams: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2009–1122, 22 p. Available at http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1122/
Appendix 7. 177
Appendix 7.
Detection Frequencies in Agricultural and Urban Streams and Groundwater from the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program Monitoring Studies, 1993–2006
178 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
7–1.
De
tect
ion
frequ
enci
es in
agr
icul
tura
l and
urb
an s
urfa
ce w
ater
and
gro
undw
ater
from
the
Nat
iona
l Wat
er-Q
ualit
y As
sess
men
t (N
AWQA
) Pro
gram
mon
itorin
g st
udie
s,
1993
–200
6.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncie
s for
stre
ams w
ere
calc
ulat
ed b
y fir
st d
eter
min
ing
dete
ctio
n fr
eque
ncy
by si
te (m
inim
um o
f 12
sam
ples
per
site
), th
en p
oolin
g si
tes b
y la
nd-u
se g
roup
, and
fina
lly c
alcu
latin
g a
site
-wei
ghte
d de
tect
ion
freq
uenc
y fo
r the
land
-use
gro
up. D
etec
tion
freq
uenc
ies f
or g
roun
dwat
er w
ere
calc
ulat
ed b
y fir
st d
eter
min
ing
dete
ctio
n fr
eque
ncy
for a
wel
l, th
en p
oolin
g w
ells
by
netw
ork
(min
imum
of 1
2 w
ells
per
net
wor
k),
follo
wed
by
calc
ulat
ing
the
site
-wei
ghte
d m
ean
dete
ctio
n fr
eque
ncy
for t
he n
etw
ork,
then
poo
ling
netw
orks
by
land
-use
gro
up, a
nd fi
nally
cal
cula
ting
a si
te a
nd n
etw
ork
wei
ghte
d m
ean
dete
ctio
n fr
eque
ncy
for t
he la
nd-u
se g
roup
. For
som
e co
mpo
unds
, mor
e th
an o
ne a
naly
tical
met
hod
was
use
d to
repo
rt de
tect
ion
freq
uenc
ies;
in th
ese
case
s, th
e “m
ain”
met
hod
by w
hich
mos
t sam
ples
wer
e an
alyz
ed w
as u
sed
to
repo
rt de
tect
ion
freq
uenc
y. If
det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncie
s fro
m a
sim
ilar n
umbe
r of s
ites o
r net
wor
ks w
ere
repo
rted
unde
r tw
o di
ffere
nt m
etho
ds, t
he d
etec
tion
freq
uenc
ies w
ere
aver
aged
. Dat
a fr
om m
ultip
le a
naly
tical
m
etho
ds u
sing
liqu
id c
hrom
atog
raph
y (L
C) w
ere
aggr
egat
ed, a
s wer
e da
ta fr
om g
as c
hrom
atog
raph
y (G
C) m
etho
ds; d
ata
from
LC
and
GC
met
hods
wer
e no
t com
bine
d to
geth
er. A
bbre
viat
ions
: CA
S, C
hem
ical
A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
–, n
one]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Stre
ams
Gro
undw
ater
Agr
icul
tura
lU
rban
Agr
icul
tura
lU
rban
Det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy,
in
per
cent
Num
ber
of s
ites
Det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy,
in
per
cent
Num
ber
of s
ites
Det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy,
in
per
cent
Num
ber
of w
ell
netw
orks
Det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy,
in
per
cent
Num
ber
of w
ell
netw
orks
1,4-
Nap
thaq
uino
ne13
0-15
-43.
199
3.43
90
7–
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htho
l90
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34
2014
.65
160
150
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(4-te
rt-b
utyl
phen
oxy)
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42-7
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12.6
89
0.46
90
7–
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4,5-
T (2
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hlor
ophe
noxy
acet
ic a
cid)
93-7
6-5
0.04
620
190.
0842
022
2,4,
5-TP
(2-[
2,4,
5-Tr
ichl
orop
heno
xy]
prop
ioni
c ac
id)
93-7
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062
019
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420
22
2,4-
D (2
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orop
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cetic
aci
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726
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8933
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400.
5659
1.29
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1928
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279.
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171.
4412
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(4-[
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yric
ac
id)
94-8
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1340
0.00
590
34
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hlor
oani
line
95-8
2-9
09
3.77
90
7–
–2,
6-D
ieth
ylan
iline
579-
66-8
1.92
830.
0930
1.28
510.
1832
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min
o-N
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ropy
lben
zam
ide
3039
1-89
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09
07
––
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hlor
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6-di
ethy
lace
tani
lide
6967
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4120
0.5
160
150
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l-6-m
ethy
lani
line
2454
9-06
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0820
016
2.35
150.
836
2-H
ydro
xyat
razi
ne21
63-6
8-0
67.7
3420
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2015
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2110
.95
123-
(4-c
hlor
ophe
nyl)-
1-m
ethy
l ure
a53
52-8
8-5
3.60
270.
1821
0.78
170.
3212
3-(T
rifluo
rom
ethy
l)ani
line
98-1
6-8
3.82
150.
2610
3.87
9–
–3-
(Trifl
uoro
met
hyl)p
heny
lure
a13
114-
87-9
0.83
60
11.
562
––
3,4-
Dic
hlor
oani
line
95-7
6-1
35.2
420
32.0
816
4.61
151.
366
3,5-
Dic
hlor
oani
line
626-
43-7
1.44
181.
8115
211
1.85
53-
Hyd
roxy
carb
ofur
an16
655-
82-6
0.24
890.
0640
059
034
3-K
etoc
arbo
fura
n16
709-
30-1
1.49
230
170
170
9
Tabl
e 7–
1.
Dete
ctio
n fre
quen
cies
in a
gric
ultu
ral a
nd u
rban
sur
face
wat
er a
nd g
roun
dwat
er fr
om th
e N
atio
nal W
ater
-Qua
lity
Asse
ssm
ent (
NAW
QA) P
rogr
am m
onito
ring
stud
ies,
19
93–2
006.
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncie
s for
stre
ams w
ere
calc
ulat
ed b
y fir
st d
eter
min
ing
dete
ctio
n fr
eque
ncy
by si
te (m
inim
um o
f 12
sam
ples
per
site
), th
en p
oolin
g si
tes b
y la
nd-u
se g
roup
, and
fina
lly c
alcu
latin
g a
site
-wei
ghte
d de
tect
ion
freq
uenc
y fo
r the
land
-use
gro
up. D
etec
tion
freq
uenc
ies f
or g
roun
dwat
er w
ere
calc
ulat
ed b
y fir
st d
eter
min
ing
dete
ctio
n fr
eque
ncy
for a
wel
l, th
en p
oolin
g w
ells
by
netw
ork
(min
imum
of 1
2 w
ells
per
net
wor
k),
follo
wed
by
calc
ulat
ing
the
site
-wei
ghte
d m
ean
dete
ctio
n fr
eque
ncy
for t
he n
etw
ork,
then
poo
ling
netw
orks
by
land
-use
gro
up, a
nd fi
nally
cal
cula
ting
a si
te a
nd n
etw
ork
wei
ghte
d m
ean
dete
ctio
n fr
eque
ncy
for t
he la
nd-u
se g
roup
. For
som
e co
mpo
unds
, mor
e th
an o
ne a
naly
tical
met
hod
was
use
d to
repo
rt de
tect
ion
freq
uenc
ies;
in th
ese
case
s, th
e “m
ain”
met
hod
by w
hich
mos
t sam
ples
wer
e an
alyz
ed w
as u
sed
to
repo
rt de
tect
ion
freq
uenc
y. If
det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncie
s fro
m a
sim
ilar n
umbe
r of s
ites o
r net
wor
ks w
ere
repo
rted
unde
r tw
o di
ffere
nt m
etho
ds, t
he d
etec
tion
freq
uenc
ies w
ere
aver
aged
. Dat
a fr
om m
ultip
le a
naly
tical
m
etho
ds u
sing
liqu
id c
hrom
atog
raph
y (L
C) w
ere
aggr
egat
ed, a
s wer
e da
ta fr
om g
as c
hrom
atog
raph
y (G
C) m
etho
ds; d
ata
from
LC
and
GC
met
hods
wer
e no
t com
bine
d to
geth
er. A
bbre
viat
ions
: CA
S, C
hem
ical
A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
–, n
one]
Appendix 7. 179Ta
ble
7–1.
De
tect
ion
frequ
enci
es in
agr
icul
tura
l and
urb
an s
urfa
ce w
ater
and
gro
undw
ater
from
the
Nat
iona
l Wat
er-Q
ualit
y As
sess
men
t (N
AWQA
) Pro
gram
mon
itorin
g st
udie
s,
1993
–200
6.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncie
s for
stre
ams w
ere
calc
ulat
ed b
y fir
st d
eter
min
ing
dete
ctio
n fr
eque
ncy
by si
te (m
inim
um o
f 12
sam
ples
per
site
), th
en p
oolin
g si
tes b
y la
nd-u
se g
roup
, and
fina
lly c
alcu
latin
g a
site
-wei
ghte
d de
tect
ion
freq
uenc
y fo
r the
land
-use
gro
up. D
etec
tion
freq
uenc
ies f
or g
roun
dwat
er w
ere
calc
ulat
ed b
y fir
st d
eter
min
ing
dete
ctio
n fr
eque
ncy
for a
wel
l, th
en p
oolin
g w
ells
by
netw
ork
(min
imum
of 1
2 w
ells
per
net
wor
k),
follo
wed
by
calc
ulat
ing
the
site
-wei
ghte
d m
ean
dete
ctio
n fr
eque
ncy
for t
he n
etw
ork,
then
poo
ling
netw
orks
by
land
-use
gro
up, a
nd fi
nally
cal
cula
ting
a si
te a
nd n
etw
ork
wei
ghte
d m
ean
dete
ctio
n fr
eque
ncy
for t
he la
nd-u
se g
roup
. For
som
e co
mpo
unds
, mor
e th
an o
ne a
naly
tical
met
hod
was
use
d to
repo
rt de
tect
ion
freq
uenc
ies;
in th
ese
case
s, th
e “m
ain”
met
hod
by w
hich
mos
t sam
ples
wer
e an
alyz
ed w
as u
sed
to
repo
rt de
tect
ion
freq
uenc
y. If
det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncie
s fro
m a
sim
ilar n
umbe
r of s
ites o
r net
wor
ks w
ere
repo
rted
unde
r tw
o di
ffere
nt m
etho
ds, t
he d
etec
tion
freq
uenc
ies w
ere
aver
aged
. Dat
a fr
om m
ultip
le a
naly
tical
m
etho
ds u
sing
liqu
id c
hrom
atog
raph
y (L
C) w
ere
aggr
egat
ed, a
s wer
e da
ta fr
om g
as c
hrom
atog
raph
y (G
C) m
etho
ds; d
ata
from
LC
and
GC
met
hods
wer
e no
t com
bine
d to
geth
er. A
bbre
viat
ions
: CA
S, C
hem
ical
A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
–, n
one]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Stre
ams
Gro
undw
ater
Agr
icul
tura
lU
rban
Agr
icul
tura
lU
rban
Det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy,
in
per
cent
Num
ber
of s
ites
Det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy,
in
per
cent
Num
ber
of s
ites
Det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy,
in
per
cent
Num
ber
of w
ell
netw
orks
Det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy,
in
per
cent
Num
ber
of w
ell
netw
orks
4-C
hlor
o-2-
met
hylp
heno
l15
70-6
4-5
1.04
2015
.55
160
153.
396
4-C
hlor
oben
zylm
ethy
l sul
fone
98-5
7-7
09
0.46
90
2–
–A
ceto
chlo
r34
256-
82-1
28.7
990
3.92
300.
2845
0.49
27A
ceto
chlo
r eth
ane
sulfo
nic
acid
(ESA
)18
7022
-11-
350
.14
25–
–6.
2712
1.04
2A
ceto
chlo
r oxa
nilic
aci
d (O
A)
1849
92-4
4-4
33.7
725
––
3.15
122.
092
Ace
toch
lor s
ulfy
nila
cetic
aci
d (S
AA
)N
AV15
.91
8–
–0
4–
–A
ceto
chlo
r/Met
olac
hlor
ESA
, sec
onda
ry
amid
eN
AV40
.83
5–
–0
1–
–
2-C
hlor
o-N
-(2-
ethy
l-6-
met
hylp
heny
l)ac
etam
ide
(Ace
toch
lor/M
etol
achl
or,
seco
ndar
y am
ide)
3242
8-71
-00
2–
–0
1–
–
Aci
fluor
fen
5059
4-66
-63.
9587
0.27
390.
2659
0.23
34A
lach
lor
1597
2-60
-834
.44
101
5.83
312.
5751
0.43
32A
lach
lor E
SA, s
econ
dary
am
ide
NAV
6.58
5–
–0
1–
–A
lach
lor E
SA14
2363
-53-
979
.38
25–
–32
.18
1230
.84
2A
lach
lor O
A17
1262
-17-
223
.22
25–
–7.
9512
9.79
2A
lach
lor S
AA
1409
39-1
6-8
2.2
8–
–0
4–
–A
lach
lor,
seco
ndar
y am
ide
NAV
2.28
2–
–0
1–
–A
ldic
arb
116-
06-3
0.11
890.
0640
0.07
590
34A
ldic
arb
sulfo
ne16
46-8
8-4
0.71
890.
2040
1.07
590
34A
ldic
arb
sulfo
xide
1646
-87-
31.
4588
040
1.36
590
34al
pha-
Endo
sulfa
n95
9-98
-80.
3518
015
011
05
alph
a-H
CH
(alp
ha-H
exac
hlor
ocyc
lohe
xane
)31
9-84
-60.
2383
0.05
300.
0151
032
180 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
7–1.
De
tect
ion
frequ
enci
es in
agr
icul
tura
l and
urb
an s
urfa
ce w
ater
and
gro
undw
ater
from
the
Nat
iona
l Wat
er-Q
ualit
y As
sess
men
t (N
AWQA
) Pro
gram
mon
itorin
g st
udie
s,
1993
–200
6.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncie
s for
stre
ams w
ere
calc
ulat
ed b
y fir
st d
eter
min
ing
dete
ctio
n fr
eque
ncy
by si
te (m
inim
um o
f 12
sam
ples
per
site
), th
en p
oolin
g si
tes b
y la
nd-u
se g
roup
, and
fina
lly c
alcu
latin
g a
site
-wei
ghte
d de
tect
ion
freq
uenc
y fo
r the
land
-use
gro
up. D
etec
tion
freq
uenc
ies f
or g
roun
dwat
er w
ere
calc
ulat
ed b
y fir
st d
eter
min
ing
dete
ctio
n fr
eque
ncy
for a
wel
l, th
en p
oolin
g w
ells
by
netw
ork
(min
imum
of 1
2 w
ells
per
net
wor
k),
follo
wed
by
calc
ulat
ing
the
site
-wei
ghte
d m
ean
dete
ctio
n fr
eque
ncy
for t
he n
etw
ork,
then
poo
ling
netw
orks
by
land
-use
gro
up, a
nd fi
nally
cal
cula
ting
a si
te a
nd n
etw
ork
wei
ghte
d m
ean
dete
ctio
n fr
eque
ncy
for t
he la
nd-u
se g
roup
. For
som
e co
mpo
unds
, mor
e th
an o
ne a
naly
tical
met
hod
was
use
d to
repo
rt de
tect
ion
freq
uenc
ies;
in th
ese
case
s, th
e “m
ain”
met
hod
by w
hich
mos
t sam
ples
wer
e an
alyz
ed w
as u
sed
to
repo
rt de
tect
ion
freq
uenc
y. If
det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncie
s fro
m a
sim
ilar n
umbe
r of s
ites o
r net
wor
ks w
ere
repo
rted
unde
r tw
o di
ffere
nt m
etho
ds, t
he d
etec
tion
freq
uenc
ies w
ere
aver
aged
. Dat
a fr
om m
ultip
le a
naly
tical
m
etho
ds u
sing
liqu
id c
hrom
atog
raph
y (L
C) w
ere
aggr
egat
ed, a
s wer
e da
ta fr
om g
as c
hrom
atog
raph
y (G
C) m
etho
ds; d
ata
from
LC
and
GC
met
hods
wer
e no
t com
bine
d to
geth
er. A
bbre
viat
ions
: CA
S, C
hem
ical
A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
–, n
one]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Stre
ams
Gro
undw
ater
Agr
icul
tura
lU
rban
Agr
icul
tura
lU
rban
Det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy,
in
per
cent
Num
ber
of s
ites
Det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy,
in
per
cent
Num
ber
of s
ites
Det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy,
in
per
cent
Num
ber
of w
ell
netw
orks
Det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy,
in
per
cent
Num
ber
of w
ell
netw
orks
Am
etry
n83
4-12
-83.
7311
––
04
01
Am
inom
ethy
lpho
spho
nic
acid
1066
-51-
950
.20
1344
.84
61.
116
8.34
2A
trazi
ne19
12-2
4-9
89.5
710
171
.47
3043
.29
5129
.25
32A
zinp
hos-
met
hyl
86-5
0-0
3.11
830.
7530
0.16
510
32A
zinp
hos-
met
hyl-o
xon
961-
22-8
0.47
200
160
150
6B
endi
ocar
b22
781-
23-3
2.59
270.
5121
017
012
Ben
flura
lin18
61-4
0-1
0.63
833.
6730
0.1
510.
1732
Ben
omyl
1780
4-35
-210
.22
2711
.57
211.
9617
0.63
12B
ensu
lfuro
n-m
ethy
l83
055-
99-6
8.41
270
210
172.
0112
Ben
tazo
n25
057-
89-0
25.4
689
5.28
404.
0459
2.43
34be
ta-E
ndos
ulfa
n33
213-
65-9
4.17
90
90
7–
–B
ifent
hrin
8265
7-04
-30
90
90
7–
–B
rom
acil
314-
40-9
3.46
898.
2240
2.66
593.
5334
Bro
mox
ynil
1689
-84-
51.
8989
0.32
400.
0659
034
But
ylat
e20
08-4
1-5
4.33
830.
1930
0.23
510.
2332
Caf
fein
e 1
58-0
8-2
35.0
127
77.9
321
13.1
617
11.7
712
Car
bary
l63
-25-
211
.98
8355
.66
300.
5751
1.35
32C
arbo
fura
n15
63-6
6-2
12.8
983
1.68
302.
0751
0.69
32C
hlor
ambe
n m
ethy
l72
86-8
4-2
0.07
890.
1139
059
034
Chl
orim
uron
-eth
yl90
982-
32-4
5.02
270.
3121
0.56
170
12C
hlor
otha
loni
l18
97-4
5-6
0.18
851.
2936
059
0.21
31C
hlor
pyrif
os29
21-8
8-2
13.2
983
22.6
530
0.77
510.
4532
Chl
orpy
rifos
oxy
gen
anal
og55
98-1
5-2
0.26
200
160
150
6
Appendix 7. 181Ta
ble
7–1.
De
tect
ion
frequ
enci
es in
agr
icul
tura
l and
urb
an s
urfa
ce w
ater
and
gro
undw
ater
from
the
Nat
iona
l Wat
er-Q
ualit
y As
sess
men
t (N
AWQA
) Pro
gram
mon
itorin
g st
udie
s,
1993
–200
6.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncie
s for
stre
ams w
ere
calc
ulat
ed b
y fir
st d
eter
min
ing
dete
ctio
n fr
eque
ncy
by si
te (m
inim
um o
f 12
sam
ples
per
site
), th
en p
oolin
g si
tes b
y la
nd-u
se g
roup
, and
fina
lly c
alcu
latin
g a
site
-wei
ghte
d de
tect
ion
freq
uenc
y fo
r the
land
-use
gro
up. D
etec
tion
freq
uenc
ies f
or g
roun
dwat
er w
ere
calc
ulat
ed b
y fir
st d
eter
min
ing
dete
ctio
n fr
eque
ncy
for a
wel
l, th
en p
oolin
g w
ells
by
netw
ork
(min
imum
of 1
2 w
ells
per
net
wor
k),
follo
wed
by
calc
ulat
ing
the
site
-wei
ghte
d m
ean
dete
ctio
n fr
eque
ncy
for t
he n
etw
ork,
then
poo
ling
netw
orks
by
land
-use
gro
up, a
nd fi
nally
cal
cula
ting
a si
te a
nd n
etw
ork
wei
ghte
d m
ean
dete
ctio
n fr
eque
ncy
for t
he la
nd-u
se g
roup
. For
som
e co
mpo
unds
, mor
e th
an o
ne a
naly
tical
met
hod
was
use
d to
repo
rt de
tect
ion
freq
uenc
ies;
in th
ese
case
s, th
e “m
ain”
met
hod
by w
hich
mos
t sam
ples
wer
e an
alyz
ed w
as u
sed
to
repo
rt de
tect
ion
freq
uenc
y. If
det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncie
s fro
m a
sim
ilar n
umbe
r of s
ites o
r net
wor
ks w
ere
repo
rted
unde
r tw
o di
ffere
nt m
etho
ds, t
he d
etec
tion
freq
uenc
ies w
ere
aver
aged
. Dat
a fr
om m
ultip
le a
naly
tical
m
etho
ds u
sing
liqu
id c
hrom
atog
raph
y (L
C) w
ere
aggr
egat
ed, a
s wer
e da
ta fr
om g
as c
hrom
atog
raph
y (G
C) m
etho
ds; d
ata
from
LC
and
GC
met
hods
wer
e no
t com
bine
d to
geth
er. A
bbre
viat
ions
: CA
S, C
hem
ical
A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
–, n
one]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Stre
ams
Gro
undw
ater
Agr
icul
tura
lU
rban
Agr
icul
tura
lU
rban
Det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy,
in
per
cent
Num
ber
of s
ites
Det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy,
in
per
cent
Num
ber
of s
ites
Det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy,
in
per
cent
Num
ber
of w
ell
netw
orks
Det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy,
in
per
cent
Num
ber
of w
ell
netw
orks
cis-
Met
hyl-3
-(2,
2-di
chlo
rovi
nyl)-
2,2-
dim
ethy
l-(1-
cycl
opro
pane
)-ca
rbox
ylat
ec6
1898
-95-
10
90
90
7–
–
cis-
Perm
ethr
in54
774-
45-7
0.18
830.
130
0.1
510
32ci
s-Pr
opic
onaz
ole
c602
07-9
0-1
12.8
418
15.8
515
0.36
110.
745
Clo
pyra
lid17
02-1
7-6
1.43
891.
6740
0.08
590
34C
yana
zine
2172
5-46
-239
.89
101
3.10
311.
1951
0.88
32C
yana
zine
am
ide
NAV
27.7
56
2.63
10
5–
–C
yclo
ate
1134
-23-
22.
0627
027
011
0.93
12C
yflut
hrin
6835
9-37
-50
200
160
150
6C
yhal
othr
in-la
mbd
a91
465-
08-6
018
015
011
05
Cyp
erm
ethr
in52
315-
07-8
020
0.37
160
150
6D
acth
al18
61-3
2-1
11.5
283
20.8
230
0.71
510.
4932
Dac
thal
mon
oaci
d88
7-54
-70.
3288
0.18
400.
0659
034
Dec
hlor
oace
toch
lor
NAV
02
––
01
––
Dec
hlor
oala
chlo
rN
AV0
2–
–0
1–
–D
echl
orod
imet
hena
mid
NAV
02
––
01
––
Dec
hlor
omet
olac
hlor
NAV
8.34
2–
–0
1–
–D
eeth
ylat
razi
ne61
90-6
5-4
80.4
210
148
.71
3145
.49
5130
.63
32D
eiso
prop
yl p
rom
etry
nN
AV0.
286
2.63
10
2–
–D
eiso
prop
ylat
razi
ne10
07-2
8-9
39.5
427
13.9
2127
.96
1715
.41
12D
emet
hyl fl
uom
etur
onN
AV37
.87
62.
71
16.4
12
––
Dem
ethy
l nor
flura
zon
NAV
50.7
46
01
24.2
22
––
Des
ulfin
ylfip
roni
l (M
B46
513)
NAV
14.8
438
29.8
920
016
0.52
8
182 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
7–1.
De
tect
ion
frequ
enci
es in
agr
icul
tura
l and
urb
an s
urfa
ce w
ater
and
gro
undw
ater
from
the
Nat
iona
l Wat
er-Q
ualit
y As
sess
men
t (N
AWQA
) Pro
gram
mon
itorin
g st
udie
s,
1993
–200
6.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncie
s for
stre
ams w
ere
calc
ulat
ed b
y fir
st d
eter
min
ing
dete
ctio
n fr
eque
ncy
by si
te (m
inim
um o
f 12
sam
ples
per
site
), th
en p
oolin
g si
tes b
y la
nd-u
se g
roup
, and
fina
lly c
alcu
latin
g a
site
-wei
ghte
d de
tect
ion
freq
uenc
y fo
r the
land
-use
gro
up. D
etec
tion
freq
uenc
ies f
or g
roun
dwat
er w
ere
calc
ulat
ed b
y fir
st d
eter
min
ing
dete
ctio
n fr
eque
ncy
for a
wel
l, th
en p
oolin
g w
ells
by
netw
ork
(min
imum
of 1
2 w
ells
per
net
wor
k),
follo
wed
by
calc
ulat
ing
the
site
-wei
ghte
d m
ean
dete
ctio
n fr
eque
ncy
for t
he n
etw
ork,
then
poo
ling
netw
orks
by
land
-use
gro
up, a
nd fi
nally
cal
cula
ting
a si
te a
nd n
etw
ork
wei
ghte
d m
ean
dete
ctio
n fr
eque
ncy
for t
he la
nd-u
se g
roup
. For
som
e co
mpo
unds
, mor
e th
an o
ne a
naly
tical
met
hod
was
use
d to
repo
rt de
tect
ion
freq
uenc
ies;
in th
ese
case
s, th
e “m
ain”
met
hod
by w
hich
mos
t sam
ples
wer
e an
alyz
ed w
as u
sed
to
repo
rt de
tect
ion
freq
uenc
y. If
det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncie
s fro
m a
sim
ilar n
umbe
r of s
ites o
r net
wor
ks w
ere
repo
rted
unde
r tw
o di
ffere
nt m
etho
ds, t
he d
etec
tion
freq
uenc
ies w
ere
aver
aged
. Dat
a fr
om m
ultip
le a
naly
tical
m
etho
ds u
sing
liqu
id c
hrom
atog
raph
y (L
C) w
ere
aggr
egat
ed, a
s wer
e da
ta fr
om g
as c
hrom
atog
raph
y (G
C) m
etho
ds; d
ata
from
LC
and
GC
met
hods
wer
e no
t com
bine
d to
geth
er. A
bbre
viat
ions
: CA
S, C
hem
ical
A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
–, n
one]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Stre
ams
Gro
undw
ater
Agr
icul
tura
lU
rban
Agr
icul
tura
lU
rban
Det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy,
in
per
cent
Num
ber
of s
ites
Det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy,
in
per
cent
Num
ber
of s
ites
Det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy,
in
per
cent
Num
ber
of w
ell
netw
orks
Det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy,
in
per
cent
Num
ber
of w
ell
netw
orks
Des
ulfin
ylfip
roni
l am
ide
(RPA
105
048)
NAV
8.81
3811
.42
200.
1117
08
Dia
zino
n33
3-41
-515
.09
8367
.44
300.
4351
1.31
32D
iazi
non
oxyg
en a
nalo
g96
2-58
-30
150.
497
011
06
Dic
amba
1918
-00-
93.
9289
3.35
400.
2859
0.59
34D
ichl
oben
il11
94-6
5-6
0.26
624.
3119
0.09
420.
3822
Dic
hlor
prop
120-
36-5
0.38
891.
3940
0.16
590.
2234
Dic
hlor
vos
62-7
3-7
0.21
209.
0616
014
06
Dic
roto
phos
141-
66-2
2.2
200.
2816
015
06
Did
ealk
ylat
razi
ne33
97-6
2-4
30.9
725
16.5
621
24.8
117
16.8
411
Die
ldrin
60-5
7-1
3.62
833.
4930
1.2
515.
3332
Dim
ethe
nam
id87
674-
68-8
19.9
95
––
02
––
Dim
ethe
nam
id E
SAN
AV13
.74
15–
–0.
938
––
Dim
ethe
nam
id O
AN
AV4.
7615
––
08
––
Dim
etho
ate
60-5
1-5
2.6
200.
8616
015
06
Din
oseb
88-8
5-7
3.40
870.
9440
1.85
590
34D
iphe
nam
id95
7-51
-76.
9627
421
017
1.77
12D
isul
foto
n29
8-04
-40.
3383
0.15
300
510
32D
isul
foto
n su
lfone
2497
-06-
56.
2218
8.1
150
110
5D
isul
foto
n su
lfoxi
de24
97-0
7-6
0.97
90.
829
07
––
Diu
ron
330-
54-1
24.6
189
45.1
740
5.90
593.
8234
DN
OC
(4,6
-Din
itro-
o-cr
esol
)53
4-52
-10.
0662
0.24
190
420.
1522
E-D
imet
hom
orph
e110
488-
70-5
1.48
90
90
7–
–En
dosu
lfan
ethe
r33
69-5
2-6
09
09
07
––
Endo
sulfa
n su
lfate
1031
-07-
88.
1818
015
011
05
Appendix 7. 183Ta
ble
7–1.
De
tect
ion
frequ
enci
es in
agr
icul
tura
l and
urb
an s
urfa
ce w
ater
and
gro
undw
ater
from
the
Nat
iona
l Wat
er-Q
ualit
y As
sess
men
t (N
AWQA
) Pro
gram
mon
itorin
g st
udie
s,
1993
–200
6.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncie
s for
stre
ams w
ere
calc
ulat
ed b
y fir
st d
eter
min
ing
dete
ctio
n fr
eque
ncy
by si
te (m
inim
um o
f 12
sam
ples
per
site
), th
en p
oolin
g si
tes b
y la
nd-u
se g
roup
, and
fina
lly c
alcu
latin
g a
site
-wei
ghte
d de
tect
ion
freq
uenc
y fo
r the
land
-use
gro
up. D
etec
tion
freq
uenc
ies f
or g
roun
dwat
er w
ere
calc
ulat
ed b
y fir
st d
eter
min
ing
dete
ctio
n fr
eque
ncy
for a
wel
l, th
en p
oolin
g w
ells
by
netw
ork
(min
imum
of 1
2 w
ells
per
net
wor
k),
follo
wed
by
calc
ulat
ing
the
site
-wei
ghte
d m
ean
dete
ctio
n fr
eque
ncy
for t
he n
etw
ork,
then
poo
ling
netw
orks
by
land
-use
gro
up, a
nd fi
nally
cal
cula
ting
a si
te a
nd n
etw
ork
wei
ghte
d m
ean
dete
ctio
n fr
eque
ncy
for t
he la
nd-u
se g
roup
. For
som
e co
mpo
unds
, mor
e th
an o
ne a
naly
tical
met
hod
was
use
d to
repo
rt de
tect
ion
freq
uenc
ies;
in th
ese
case
s, th
e “m
ain”
met
hod
by w
hich
mos
t sam
ples
wer
e an
alyz
ed w
as u
sed
to
repo
rt de
tect
ion
freq
uenc
y. If
det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncie
s fro
m a
sim
ilar n
umbe
r of s
ites o
r net
wor
ks w
ere
repo
rted
unde
r tw
o di
ffere
nt m
etho
ds, t
he d
etec
tion
freq
uenc
ies w
ere
aver
aged
. Dat
a fr
om m
ultip
le a
naly
tical
m
etho
ds u
sing
liqu
id c
hrom
atog
raph
y (L
C) w
ere
aggr
egat
ed, a
s wer
e da
ta fr
om g
as c
hrom
atog
raph
y (G
C) m
etho
ds; d
ata
from
LC
and
GC
met
hods
wer
e no
t com
bine
d to
geth
er. A
bbre
viat
ions
: CA
S, C
hem
ical
A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
–, n
one]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Stre
ams
Gro
undw
ater
Agr
icul
tura
lU
rban
Agr
icul
tura
lU
rban
Det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy,
in
per
cent
Num
ber
of s
ites
Det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy,
in
per
cent
Num
ber
of s
ites
Det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy,
in
per
cent
Num
ber
of w
ell
netw
orks
Det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy,
in
per
cent
Num
ber
of w
ell
netw
orks
EPTC
(S-E
thyl
dip
ropy
lthio
carb
amat
e)75
9-94
-417
.94
835.
6430
0.88
510.
4632
Etha
lflur
alin
5528
3-68
-61.
5283
030
0.12
510
32Et
hion
563-
12-2
020
016
015
06
Ethi
on m
onox
on17
356-
42-2
020
016
015
06
Etho
prop
1319
4-48
-42.
9183
1.13
300.
0451
032
Fena
mip
hos
2222
4-92
-60
201.
3216
015
06
Fena
mip
hos s
ulfo
ne31
972-
44-8
020
0.5
160
150
6Fe
nam
ipho
s sul
foxi
de31
972-
43-7
019
0.31
160
150
6Fe
nthi
on55
-38-
90
90
80
7–
–Fe
nthi
on su
lfoxi
de37
61-4
1-9
09
09
07
––
Fenu
ron
101-
42-8
0.53
890.
1940
0.15
590.
6034
Fipr
onil
1200
68-3
7-3
14.2
738
34.0
620
017
0.17
8Fi
pron
il su
lfide
1200
67-8
3-6
13.0
438
21.3
920
016
0.52
8Fi
pron
il su
lfone
1200
68-3
6-2
11.4
238
17.1
220
0.11
170.
938
Fluf
enac
et14
2459
-58-
34
5–
–0
1–
–Fl
ufen
acet
ESA
NAV
2.33
15–
–0
8–
–Fl
ufen
acet
OA
NAV
1.11
15–
–0.
438
––
Flum
etra
lin62
924-
70-3
09
09
07
––
Flum
etsu
lam
9896
7-40
-94.
127
1.31
211.
6217
1.74
12Fl
uom
etur
on21
64-1
7-2
11.3
189
0.69
403.
3059
0.53
34Fo
nofo
s94
4-22
-94.
2483
0.55
300
510
32ga
mm
a-H
CH
58-8
9-9
0.99
832.
3930
––
––
Glu
fosi
nate
5127
6-47
-20.
3213
06
07
02
184 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
7–1.
De
tect
ion
frequ
enci
es in
agr
icul
tura
l and
urb
an s
urfa
ce w
ater
and
gro
undw
ater
from
the
Nat
iona
l Wat
er-Q
ualit
y As
sess
men
t (N
AWQA
) Pro
gram
mon
itorin
g st
udie
s,
1993
–200
6.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncie
s for
stre
ams w
ere
calc
ulat
ed b
y fir
st d
eter
min
ing
dete
ctio
n fr
eque
ncy
by si
te (m
inim
um o
f 12
sam
ples
per
site
), th
en p
oolin
g si
tes b
y la
nd-u
se g
roup
, and
fina
lly c
alcu
latin
g a
site
-wei
ghte
d de
tect
ion
freq
uenc
y fo
r the
land
-use
gro
up. D
etec
tion
freq
uenc
ies f
or g
roun
dwat
er w
ere
calc
ulat
ed b
y fir
st d
eter
min
ing
dete
ctio
n fr
eque
ncy
for a
wel
l, th
en p
oolin
g w
ells
by
netw
ork
(min
imum
of 1
2 w
ells
per
net
wor
k),
follo
wed
by
calc
ulat
ing
the
site
-wei
ghte
d m
ean
dete
ctio
n fr
eque
ncy
for t
he n
etw
ork,
then
poo
ling
netw
orks
by
land
-use
gro
up, a
nd fi
nally
cal
cula
ting
a si
te a
nd n
etw
ork
wei
ghte
d m
ean
dete
ctio
n fr
eque
ncy
for t
he la
nd-u
se g
roup
. For
som
e co
mpo
unds
, mor
e th
an o
ne a
naly
tical
met
hod
was
use
d to
repo
rt de
tect
ion
freq
uenc
ies;
in th
ese
case
s, th
e “m
ain”
met
hod
by w
hich
mos
t sam
ples
wer
e an
alyz
ed w
as u
sed
to
repo
rt de
tect
ion
freq
uenc
y. If
det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncie
s fro
m a
sim
ilar n
umbe
r of s
ites o
r net
wor
ks w
ere
repo
rted
unde
r tw
o di
ffere
nt m
etho
ds, t
he d
etec
tion
freq
uenc
ies w
ere
aver
aged
. Dat
a fr
om m
ultip
le a
naly
tical
m
etho
ds u
sing
liqu
id c
hrom
atog
raph
y (L
C) w
ere
aggr
egat
ed, a
s wer
e da
ta fr
om g
as c
hrom
atog
raph
y (G
C) m
etho
ds; d
ata
from
LC
and
GC
met
hods
wer
e no
t com
bine
d to
geth
er. A
bbre
viat
ions
: CA
S, C
hem
ical
A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
–, n
one]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Stre
ams
Gro
undw
ater
Agr
icul
tura
lU
rban
Agr
icul
tura
lU
rban
Det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy,
in
per
cent
Num
ber
of s
ites
Det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy,
in
per
cent
Num
ber
of s
ites
Det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy,
in
per
cent
Num
ber
of w
ell
netw
orks
Det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy,
in
per
cent
Num
ber
of w
ell
netw
orks
Gly
phos
ate
1071
-83-
638
.10
1321
.87
61.
557
02
Hex
azin
one
5123
5-04
-220
.19
208.
8916
4.96
153.
56
Hyd
roxy
acet
ochl
or60
090-
47-3
2.28
2–
–0
1–
–H
ydro
xyal
achl
orN
AV0
2–
–0
1–
–H
ydro
xydi
met
hana
mid
NAV
02
––
01
––
Hyd
roxy
met
olac
hlor
1310
68-7
2-9
22.4
82
––
01
––
Imaz
aqui
n81
335-
37-7
13.1
427
13.3
521
3.2
174.
4212
Imaz
etha
pyr
8133
5-77
-515
.23
252.
221
3.85
171.
0512
Imid
aclo
prid
1382
61-4
1-3
3.1
276.
9821
0.94
172.
4212
Ipro
dion
e36
734-
19-7
3.69
202.
0216
015
06
Isof
enph
os25
311-
71-1
020
016
015
0.31
6Li
nuro
n33
0-55
-23.
3583
0.08
300.
2651
032
Mal
aoxo
n16
34-7
8-2
020
0.23
160
150.
336
Mal
athi
on12
1-75
-55.
4383
16.4
730
0.46
510.
2132
MC
PA (2
-Met
hyl-4
- ch
loro
phen
oxya
cetic
aci
d)94
-74-
63.
6987
10.8
540
059
0.40
34
MC
PB (4
-[4-
Chl
oro-
2-m
ethy
lphe
noxy
]bu
tano
ic a
cid)
94-8
1-5
0.05
890
400
590
34
Met
alax
yl57
837-
19-1
33.4
327
6.88
212.
5317
1.39
12M
ethi
dath
ion
950-
37-8
0.7
200
160
150
6M
ethi
ocar
b20
32-6
5-7
0.12
890.
0640
0.03
590
34M
etho
myl
1675
2-77
-51.
3989
0.39
400.
1859
0.10
34M
etol
achl
or51
218-
45-2
80.6
410
146
.71
3118
.06
518.
7832
Met
olac
hlor
ESA
1711
18-0
9-5
89.5
125
––
42.3
212
41.6
72
Appendix 7. 185Ta
ble
7–1.
De
tect
ion
frequ
enci
es in
agr
icul
tura
l and
urb
an s
urfa
ce w
ater
and
gro
undw
ater
from
the
Nat
iona
l Wat
er-Q
ualit
y As
sess
men
t (N
AWQA
) Pro
gram
mon
itorin
g st
udie
s,
1993
–200
6.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncie
s for
stre
ams w
ere
calc
ulat
ed b
y fir
st d
eter
min
ing
dete
ctio
n fr
eque
ncy
by si
te (m
inim
um o
f 12
sam
ples
per
site
), th
en p
oolin
g si
tes b
y la
nd-u
se g
roup
, and
fina
lly c
alcu
latin
g a
site
-wei
ghte
d de
tect
ion
freq
uenc
y fo
r the
land
-use
gro
up. D
etec
tion
freq
uenc
ies f
or g
roun
dwat
er w
ere
calc
ulat
ed b
y fir
st d
eter
min
ing
dete
ctio
n fr
eque
ncy
for a
wel
l, th
en p
oolin
g w
ells
by
netw
ork
(min
imum
of 1
2 w
ells
per
net
wor
k),
follo
wed
by
calc
ulat
ing
the
site
-wei
ghte
d m
ean
dete
ctio
n fr
eque
ncy
for t
he n
etw
ork,
then
poo
ling
netw
orks
by
land
-use
gro
up, a
nd fi
nally
cal
cula
ting
a si
te a
nd n
etw
ork
wei
ghte
d m
ean
dete
ctio
n fr
eque
ncy
for t
he la
nd-u
se g
roup
. For
som
e co
mpo
unds
, mor
e th
an o
ne a
naly
tical
met
hod
was
use
d to
repo
rt de
tect
ion
freq
uenc
ies;
in th
ese
case
s, th
e “m
ain”
met
hod
by w
hich
mos
t sam
ples
wer
e an
alyz
ed w
as u
sed
to
repo
rt de
tect
ion
freq
uenc
y. If
det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncie
s fro
m a
sim
ilar n
umbe
r of s
ites o
r net
wor
ks w
ere
repo
rted
unde
r tw
o di
ffere
nt m
etho
ds, t
he d
etec
tion
freq
uenc
ies w
ere
aver
aged
. Dat
a fr
om m
ultip
le a
naly
tical
m
etho
ds u
sing
liqu
id c
hrom
atog
raph
y (L
C) w
ere
aggr
egat
ed, a
s wer
e da
ta fr
om g
as c
hrom
atog
raph
y (G
C) m
etho
ds; d
ata
from
LC
and
GC
met
hods
wer
e no
t com
bine
d to
geth
er. A
bbre
viat
ions
: CA
S, C
hem
ical
A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
–, n
one]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Stre
ams
Gro
undw
ater
Agr
icul
tura
lU
rban
Agr
icul
tura
lU
rban
Det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy,
in
per
cent
Num
ber
of s
ites
Det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy,
in
per
cent
Num
ber
of s
ites
Det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy,
in
per
cent
Num
ber
of w
ell
netw
orks
Det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy,
in
per
cent
Num
ber
of w
ell
netw
orks
Met
olac
hlor
OA
1520
197-
33-
83.9
125
––
18.1
712
19.5
92
Met
ribuz
in21
087-
64-9
18.1
910
14.
3231
3.01
510.
8332
Met
sulfu
ron-
met
hyl
7422
3-64
-61.
5126
7.43
210.
5717
0.09
12M
olin
ate
2212
-67-
111
.65
890.
8931
0.51
510.
2132
Myc
lobu
tani
l88
671-
89-0
5.99
2011
.09
160.
315
06
Nap
ropa
mid
e15
299-
99-7
3.76
831.
1430
0.46
510
32N
ebur
on55
5-37
-30.
0389
0.15
400.
0659
034
Nic
osul
furo
n11
1991
-09-
44.
4727
0.31
210.
4317
012
Nor
flura
zon
2731
4-13
-28.
7089
1.44
393.
7059
0.31
34O
-Eth
yl-O
-met
hyl-S
-pro
pylp
hosp
horo
thio
ate
7696
0-87
-70
90
90
7–
–O
ryza
lin19
044-
88-3
0.80
892.
5140
0.06
590.
4934
Oxa
myl
2313
5-22
-00.
5389
040
0.73
590.
1034
Oxy
fluor
fen
4287
4-03
-38.
2918
015
011
05
p,pʹ
-DD
E (p
,pʹ-D
ichl
orod
iphe
nyl-
dich
loro
ethy
lene
)72
-55-
94.
3583
1.85
30–
––
–
Para
oxon
-eth
yl31
1-45
-50
90.
859
07
––
Para
oxon
-met
hyl
950-
35-6
020
016
015
06
Para
thio
n56
-38-
20.
1783
0.18
300
510
32Pa
rath
ion-
met
hyl
298-
00-0
1.11
830.
1130
0.05
510
32Pe
bula
te11
14-7
1-2
0.83
830.
130
0.19
510
32Pe
ndim
etha
lin40
487-
42-1
9.95
8412
.58
300.
3851
0.38
32Ph
orat
e29
8-02
-20.
1383
030
051
032
Phor
ate
oxon
2600
-69-
30
200
160
150
6Ph
osm
et73
2-11
-60
160
130
130
6
186 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
7–1.
De
tect
ion
frequ
enci
es in
agr
icul
tura
l and
urb
an s
urfa
ce w
ater
and
gro
undw
ater
from
the
Nat
iona
l Wat
er-Q
ualit
y As
sess
men
t (N
AWQA
) Pro
gram
mon
itorin
g st
udie
s,
1993
–200
6.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncie
s for
stre
ams w
ere
calc
ulat
ed b
y fir
st d
eter
min
ing
dete
ctio
n fr
eque
ncy
by si
te (m
inim
um o
f 12
sam
ples
per
site
), th
en p
oolin
g si
tes b
y la
nd-u
se g
roup
, and
fina
lly c
alcu
latin
g a
site
-wei
ghte
d de
tect
ion
freq
uenc
y fo
r the
land
-use
gro
up. D
etec
tion
freq
uenc
ies f
or g
roun
dwat
er w
ere
calc
ulat
ed b
y fir
st d
eter
min
ing
dete
ctio
n fr
eque
ncy
for a
wel
l, th
en p
oolin
g w
ells
by
netw
ork
(min
imum
of 1
2 w
ells
per
net
wor
k),
follo
wed
by
calc
ulat
ing
the
site
-wei
ghte
d m
ean
dete
ctio
n fr
eque
ncy
for t
he n
etw
ork,
then
poo
ling
netw
orks
by
land
-use
gro
up, a
nd fi
nally
cal
cula
ting
a si
te a
nd n
etw
ork
wei
ghte
d m
ean
dete
ctio
n fr
eque
ncy
for t
he la
nd-u
se g
roup
. For
som
e co
mpo
unds
, mor
e th
an o
ne a
naly
tical
met
hod
was
use
d to
repo
rt de
tect
ion
freq
uenc
ies;
in th
ese
case
s, th
e “m
ain”
met
hod
by w
hich
mos
t sam
ples
wer
e an
alyz
ed w
as u
sed
to
repo
rt de
tect
ion
freq
uenc
y. If
det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncie
s fro
m a
sim
ilar n
umbe
r of s
ites o
r net
wor
ks w
ere
repo
rted
unde
r tw
o di
ffere
nt m
etho
ds, t
he d
etec
tion
freq
uenc
ies w
ere
aver
aged
. Dat
a fr
om m
ultip
le a
naly
tical
m
etho
ds u
sing
liqu
id c
hrom
atog
raph
y (L
C) w
ere
aggr
egat
ed, a
s wer
e da
ta fr
om g
as c
hrom
atog
raph
y (G
C) m
etho
ds; d
ata
from
LC
and
GC
met
hods
wer
e no
t com
bine
d to
geth
er. A
bbre
viat
ions
: CA
S, C
hem
ical
A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
–, n
one]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Stre
ams
Gro
undw
ater
Agr
icul
tura
lU
rban
Agr
icul
tura
lU
rban
Det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy,
in
per
cent
Num
ber
of s
ites
Det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy,
in
per
cent
Num
ber
of s
ites
Det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy,
in
per
cent
Num
ber
of w
ell
netw
orks
Det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy,
in
per
cent
Num
ber
of w
ell
netw
orks
Phos
met
oxo
n37
35-3
3-9
015
012
012
06
Picl
oram
1918
-02-
10.
4289
0.53
400.
1559
0.38
34Pr
ofen
ofos
4119
8-08
-70
90
90
7–
–Pr
omet
on16
10-1
8-0
41.0
095
81.0
230
10.8
851
20.0
632
Prom
etry
n72
87-1
9-6
12.8
337
1.30
172.
515
0.35
6Pr
onam
ide
2395
0-58
-52.
7583
2.49
300.
251
0.02
32Pr
opac
hlor
1918
-16-
72.
6894
0.62
300.
1351
032
Prop
achl
or E
SAN
AV0
10–
–0
5–
–Pr
opac
hlor
OA
NAV
010
––
05
––
Prop
anil
709-
98-8
1.82
890.
7731
0.27
510.
1332
Prop
argi
te23
12-3
5-8
2.57
830.
1730
0.05
510
32Pr
opaz
ine
139-
40-2
12.2
617
01
1.15
60
1Pr
opet
amph
os31
218-
83-4
09
0.85
90
7–
–Pr
opha
m12
2-42
-90.
0389
0.28
400.
0659
0.10
34Pr
opic
onaz
ole
6020
7-90
-19.
8127
2.18
210.
4517
0.31
12Pr
opox
ur11
4-26
-11.
3389
5.76
390.
1659
0.58
34Si
duro
n19
82-4
9-6
0.99
2711
.02
210.
0917
0.15
12Si
maz
ine
122-
34-9
53.6
310
161
.83
3119
.23
5117
.09
32Su
lfom
etur
on-m
ethy
l74
222-
97-2
5.17
2716
.24
210.
5817
0.58
12Su
lfote
pp36
89-2
4-5
09
09
07
––
Sulp
rofo
s35
400-
43-2
09
09
07
––
Tebu
cona
zole
10
7534
-96-
36.
439
155
03
05
Tebu
pirim
fos
9618
2-53
-54.
479
09
07
––
Tebu
pirim
fos o
xyge
n an
alog
ueN
AV1.
129
09
07
––
Appendix 7. 187Ta
ble
7–1.
De
tect
ion
frequ
enci
es in
agr
icul
tura
l and
urb
an s
urfa
ce w
ater
and
gro
undw
ater
from
the
Nat
iona
l Wat
er-Q
ualit
y As
sess
men
t (N
AWQA
) Pro
gram
mon
itorin
g st
udie
s,
1993
–200
6.—
Cont
inue
d
[The
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
r® is
a re
gist
ered
trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
. Det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncie
s for
stre
ams w
ere
calc
ulat
ed b
y fir
st d
eter
min
ing
dete
ctio
n fr
eque
ncy
by si
te (m
inim
um o
f 12
sam
ples
per
site
), th
en p
oolin
g si
tes b
y la
nd-u
se g
roup
, and
fina
lly c
alcu
latin
g a
site
-wei
ghte
d de
tect
ion
freq
uenc
y fo
r the
land
-use
gro
up. D
etec
tion
freq
uenc
ies f
or g
roun
dwat
er w
ere
calc
ulat
ed b
y fir
st d
eter
min
ing
dete
ctio
n fr
eque
ncy
for a
wel
l, th
en p
oolin
g w
ells
by
netw
ork
(min
imum
of 1
2 w
ells
per
net
wor
k),
follo
wed
by
calc
ulat
ing
the
site
-wei
ghte
d m
ean
dete
ctio
n fr
eque
ncy
for t
he n
etw
ork,
then
poo
ling
netw
orks
by
land
-use
gro
up, a
nd fi
nally
cal
cula
ting
a si
te a
nd n
etw
ork
wei
ghte
d m
ean
dete
ctio
n fr
eque
ncy
for t
he la
nd-u
se g
roup
. For
som
e co
mpo
unds
, mor
e th
an o
ne a
naly
tical
met
hod
was
use
d to
repo
rt de
tect
ion
freq
uenc
ies;
in th
ese
case
s, th
e “m
ain”
met
hod
by w
hich
mos
t sam
ples
wer
e an
alyz
ed w
as u
sed
to
repo
rt de
tect
ion
freq
uenc
y. If
det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncie
s fro
m a
sim
ilar n
umbe
r of s
ites o
r net
wor
ks w
ere
repo
rted
unde
r tw
o di
ffere
nt m
etho
ds, t
he d
etec
tion
freq
uenc
ies w
ere
aver
aged
. Dat
a fr
om m
ultip
le a
naly
tical
m
etho
ds u
sing
liqu
id c
hrom
atog
raph
y (L
C) w
ere
aggr
egat
ed, a
s wer
e da
ta fr
om g
as c
hrom
atog
raph
y (G
C) m
etho
ds; d
ata
from
LC
and
GC
met
hods
wer
e no
t com
bine
d to
geth
er. A
bbre
viat
ions
: CA
S, C
hem
ical
A
bstra
cts S
ervi
ce; N
AV, n
ot a
vaila
ble;
–, n
one]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Stre
ams
Gro
undw
ater
Agr
icul
tura
lU
rban
Agr
icul
tura
lU
rban
Det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy,
in
per
cent
Num
ber
of s
ites
Det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy,
in
per
cent
Num
ber
of s
ites
Det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy,
in
per
cent
Num
ber
of w
ell
netw
orks
Det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy,
in
per
cent
Num
ber
of w
ell
netw
orks
Tebu
thiu
ron
3401
4-18
-122
.183
28.6
031
2.21
515.
4232
Teflu
thrin
7953
8-32
-20
180
150
110
5Te
mep
hos
3383
-96-
80
90
90
7–
–Te
rbac
il59
02-5
1-2
4.19
830.
8951
0.81
511.
3732
Terb
ufos
1307
1-79
-90.
1683
0.12
300
510.
1632
Terb
ufos
-O-a
nalo
gue
sulfo
ne56
070-
15-6
020
0.25
160.
5115
06
Terb
uthy
lazi
ne59
15-4
1-3
8.84
2017
.27
150
150
6Te
rbut
ryn
886-
50-0
011
––
04
01
Thio
benc
arb
2824
9-77
-64.
7183
0.69
300.
1251
0.1
32tr
ans-
Met
hyl-3
-(2,
2-di
chlo
rovi
nyl)-
2,2-
dim
ethy
l-(1-
cycl
opro
pane
)-ca
rbox
ylat
et6
1898
-95-
10
90
90
7–
–
tran
s-Pr
opic
onaz
ole
t602
07-9
0-1
16.3
118
17.1
715
0.36
110.
745
Tria
llate
2303
-17-
53.
6183
1.52
300.
1151
0.09
32Tr
ibup
hos
78-4
8-8
0.24
180
150
110
5Tr
iclo
pyr
5533
5-06
-36.
2789
9.89
400
590.
4034
Trifl
ural
in15
82-0
9-8
14.9
889
11.6
531
0.68
510.
5932
Z-D
imet
hom
orph
z110
488-
70-5
1.48
90
90
7–
–
1 Com
poun
d no
t eva
luat
ed a
s a p
estic
ide.
188 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods Development
Appendix 8.
Concentration Statistics for 83 Pesticide Compounds Sampled in Agricultural, Urban, and Mixed Land-Use Groundwater Networks from the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program Monitoring Studies, 1993–2003
Appendix 8. 189
Table 8–1. Concentration statistics for 83 pesticide compounds sampled in agricultural, urban, and mixed land-use groundwater networks from the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program monitoring studies, 1993–2003.—Continued
[The CAS Registry Number® is a registered trademark of the American Chemical Society. CAS recommends the verification of the CAS Registry Numbers through CAS Client ServicesSM. Concentration statistics were determined for agricultural, urban, and mixed land-use wells using the methods of Stackelberg (2006). Abbreviations: CAS, Chemical Abstracts Service; LT-MDL, long-term method detection level; µg/L, micrograms per liter; <, less than]
Chemical nameParameter
code
CAS Registry Number
Maximum LT-MDL (µg/L)
Groundwater
Agricultural Urban Mixed
Number of
samples
99th percentile
concentration (µg/L)
Number of
samples
99th percentile
concentration (µg/L)
Number of
samples
99th percentile
concentration (µg/L)
2,4,5-T (2,4,5-Trichloro-phenoxyacetic acid)
39742 93-76-5 0.04 1,158 <0.04 607 <0.04 1,446 <0.04
2,4,5-TP (2-[2,4,5-Trichloro-phenoxy]propionic acid)
39762 93-72-1 0.03 1,158 <0.03 607 <0.03 1,446 <0.03
2,4-D (2,4-Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid)
39732 94-75-7 0.08 1,206 <0.08 665 <0.08 1,568 <0.08
2,4-DB (4-[2,4-Dichloro-phenoxy]butyric acid)
38746 94-82-6 0.13 1,184 <0.13 665 <0.13 1,536 <0.13
2,6-Diethylaniline 82660 579-66-8 0.003 1,402 0.002 855 <0.003 2,730 <0.0033-Hydroxycarbofuran 49308 16655-82-6 0.05 1,186 <0.05 662 <0.05 1,569 <0.05Acetochlor 49260 34256-82-1 0.003 920 <0.003 666 <0.003 2,266 <0.003Acifluorfen 49315 50594-66-6 0.04 1,185 <0.04 665 <0.04 1,571 <0.04Alachlor 46342 15972-60-8 0.002 1,401 0.014 854 <0.002 2,729 <0.002Aldicarb 49312 116-06-3 0.1 1,187 <0.1 663 <0.1 1,573 <0.1Aldicarb sulfone 49313 1646-88-4 0.1 1,173 <0.1 653 <0.1 1,544 <0.1Aldicarb sulfoxide 49314 1646-87-3 0.14 1,174 <0.14 653 <0.14 1,547 <0.14alpha-HCH (alpha-
Hexachloro-cyclohexane)
34253 319-84-6 0.002 1,402 <0.002 855 <0.002 2,729 <0.002
Atrazine 39632 1912-24-9 0.004 1,406 1.2 851 0.553 2,730 0.28Azinphos-methyl 82686 86-50-0 0.02 1,399 <0.02 852 <0.02 2,728 <0.02Benfluralin 82673 1861-40-1 0.005 1,402 <0.005 854 <0.005 2,729 <0.005Bentazon 38711 25057-89-0 0.03 1,204 0.91 665 0.08 1,568 0.06Bromacil 04029 314-40-9 0.04 1,213 1.83 663 0.194 1,575 <0.04Bromoxynil 49311 1689-84-5 0.03 1,181 <0.03 665 <0.03 1,569 <0.03Butylate 04028 2008-41-5 0.001 1,401 <0.001 854 <0.001 2,729 <0.001Carbaryl 82680 63-25-2 0.021 1,401 <0.021 854 0.007 2,729 <0.021Carbofuran 82674 1563-66-2 0.01 1,404 0.017 853 <0.01 2,727 <0.01Chloramben methyl 61188 7286-84-2 0.11 1,187 <0.11 665 <0.11 1,580 <0.11Chlorothalonil 49306 1897-45-6 0.07 1,187 <0.07 660 <0.07 1,574 <0.07Chlorpyrifos 38933 2921-88-2 0.003 1,402 <0.003 852 <0.003 2,727 <0.003cis-Permethrin 82687 54774-45-7 0.003 1,402 <0.003 854 <0.003 2,728 <0.003Clopyralid 49305 1702-17-6 0.21 1,178 <0.21 662 <0.21 1,569 <0.21Cyanazine 04041 21725-46-2 0.009 1,404 0.007 853 <0.009 2,729 <0.009Dacthal 82682 1861-32-1 0.002 1,402 0.001 854 <0.002 2,730 <0.002Dacthal monoacid 49304 887-54-7 0.04 1,179 <0.04 635 <0.04 1,568 <0.04Deethylatrazine 04040 6190-65-4 0.003 1,404 0.68 851 0.229 2,726 0.222Diazinon 39572 333-41-5 0.003 1,400 <0.003 853 0.004 2,728 0.004
Table 8–1. Concentration statistics for 83 pesticide compounds sampled in agricultural, urban, and mixed land-use groundwater networks from the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program monitoring studies, 1993–2003.
[The CAS Registry Number® is a registered trademark of the American Chemical Society. CAS recommends the verification of the CAS Registry Numbers through CAS Client ServicesSM. Concentration statistics were determined for agricultural, urban, and mixed land-use wells using the methods of Stackelberg (2006). Abbreviations: CAS, Chemical Abstracts Service; LT-MDL, long-term method detection level; µg/L, micrograms per liter; <, less than]
190 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods Development
Table 8–1. Concentration statistics for 83 pesticide compounds sampled in agricultural, urban, and mixed land-use groundwater networks from the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program monitoring studies, 1993–2003.—Continued
[The CAS Registry Number® is a registered trademark of the American Chemical Society. CAS recommends the verification of the CAS Registry Numbers through CAS Client ServicesSM. Concentration statistics were determined for agricultural, urban, and mixed land-use wells using the methods of Stackelberg (2006). Abbreviations: CAS, Chemical Abstracts Service; LT-MDL, long-term method detection level; µg/L, micrograms per liter; <, less than]
Chemical nameParameter
code
CAS Registry Number
Maximum LT-MDL (µg/L)
Groundwater
Agricultural Urban Mixed
Number of
samples
99th percentile
concentration (µg/L)
Number of
samples
99th percentile
concentration (µg/L)
Number of
samples
99th percentile
concentration (µg/L)
Dicamba 38442 1918-00-9 0.05 1,177 <0.05 665 <0.05 1,575 <0.05Dichlobenil 49303 1194-65-6 0.05 1,160 <0.05 607 <0.05 1,453 <0.05Dichlorprop 49302 120-36-5 0.06 1,184 <0.06 664 <0.06 1,576 <0.06Dieldrin 39381 60-57-1 0.002 1,396 <0.002 843 0.055 2,728 <0.002Dinoseb 49301 88-85-7 0.04 1,185 <0.04 665 <0.04 1,569 <0.04Disulfoton 82677 298-04-4 0.011 1,405 <0.011 854 <0.011 2,730 <0.011Diuron 49300 330-54-1 0.06 1,212 0.14 664 0.25 1,566 0.07DNOC
(4,6-Dinitro-o-cresol)49299 534-52-1 0.13 1,155 <0.13 607 <0.13 1,446 <0.13
EPTC (S-Ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate)
82668 759-94-4 0.001 1,399 0.003 852 <0.001 2,725 <0.001
Ethalfluralin 82663 55283-68-6 0.005 1,401 <0.005 854 <0.005 2,728 <0.005Ethoprop 82672 13194-48-4 0.002 1,401 <0.002 854 <0.002 2,728 <0.002Fenuron 49297 101-42-8 0.03 1,187 <0.03 632 <0.03 1,567 <0.03Fluometuron 38811 2164-17-2 0.03 1,217 <0.03 634 <0.03 1,575 <0.03Fonofos 04095 944-22-9 0.001 1,401 <0.001 854 <0.001 2,729 <0.001gamma-HCH 39341 58-89-9 0.002 1,397 <0.002 843 <0.002 2,728 <0.002Linuron 82666 330-55-2 0.018 1,401 <0.018 854 <0.018 2,729 <0.018Malathion 39532 121-75-5 0.014 1,403 <0.014 856 <0.014 2,732 <0.014MCPA (2-Methyl-4-
chlorophenoxyacetic acid)
38482 94-74-6 0.1 1,179 <0.1 665 <0.1 1,576 <0.1
MCPB (4-[4-Chloro-2-methylphenoxy]butanoic acid)
38487 94-81-5 0.13 1,184 <0.13 665 <0.13 1,575 <0.13
Methiocarb 38501 2032-65-7 0.03 1,186 <0.03 634 <0.03 1,573 <0.03Methomyl 49296 16752-77-5 0.24 1,174 <0.24 653 <0.24 1,537 <0.24Metolachlor 39415 51218-45-2 0.006 1,405 0.466 856 0.029 2,729 0.031Metribuzin 82630 21087-64-9 0.003 1,397 0.028 846 0.004 2,729 <0.003Molinate 82671 2212-67-1 0.001 1,401 <0.001 854 <0.001 2,726 <0.001Napropamide 82684 15299-99-7 0.003 1,400 <0.003 852 <0.003 2,729 <0.003Neburon 49294 555-37-3 0.03 1,188 <0.03 635 <0.03 1,574 <0.03Norflurazon 49293 27314-13-2 0.021 1,173 1.32 630 <0.021 1,552 <0.021Oryzalin 49292 19044-88-3 0.14 1,170 <0.14 665 <0.14 1,492 <0.14Oxamyl 38866 23135-22-0 0.08 1,172 <0.08 652 <0.08 1,542 <0.08p,pʹ-DDE (p,pʹ-
Dichlorodiphenyl-dichloroethylene)
34653 72-55-9 0.001 1,402 0.002 854 0.002 2,729 0.002
Parathion 39542 56-38-2 0.005 1,401 <0.005 854 <0.005 2,728 <0.005Parathion-methyl 82667 298-00-0 0.003 1,399 <0.003 853 <0.003 2,718 <0.003
Appendix 8. 191
Table 8–1. Concentration statistics for 83 pesticide compounds sampled in agricultural, urban, and mixed land-use groundwater networks from the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program monitoring studies, 1993–2003.—Continued
[The CAS Registry Number® is a registered trademark of the American Chemical Society. CAS recommends the verification of the CAS Registry Numbers through CAS Client ServicesSM. Concentration statistics were determined for agricultural, urban, and mixed land-use wells using the methods of Stackelberg (2006). Abbreviations: CAS, Chemical Abstracts Service; LT-MDL, long-term method detection level; µg/L, micrograms per liter; <, less than]
Chemical nameParameter
code
CAS Registry Number
Maximum LT-MDL (µg/L)
Groundwater
Agricultural Urban Mixed
Number of
samples
99th percentile
concentration (µg/L)
Number of
samples
99th percentile
concentration (µg/L)
Number of
samples
99th percentile
concentration (µg/L)
Pebulate 82669 1114-71-2 0.002 1,402 <0.002 854 <0.002 2,728 <0.002Pendimethalin 82683 40487-42-1 0.011 1,404 <0.011 854 <0.011 2,729 <0.011Phorate 82664 298-02-2 0.006 1,404 <0.006 855 <0.006 2,730 <0.006Picloram 49291 1918-02-1 0.04 1,166 <0.04 658 <0.04 1,545 <0.04Prometon 04037 1610-18-0 0.007 1,405 0.169 855 0.485 2,731 0.031Pronamide 82676 23950-58-5 0.002 1,401 <0.002 854 <0.002 2,728 <0.002Propachlor 04024 1918-16-7 0.005 1,401 <0.005 854 <0.005 2,729 <0.005Propanil 82679 709-98-8 0.005 1,400 <0.005 854 <0.005 2,728 <0.005Propargite 82685 2312-35-8 0.011 1,403 <0.011 854 <0.011 2,716 <0.011Propham 49236 122-42-9 0.11 1,188 <0.11 664 <0.11 1,577 <0.11Propoxur 38538 114-26-1 0.06 1,177 <0.06 663 <0.06 1,565 <0.06Simazine 04035 122-34-9 0.006 1,404 0.131 855 0.283 2,732 0.031Tebuthiuron 82670 34014-18-1 0.008 1,405 0.018 854 0.113 2,720 0.032Terbacil 82665 5902-51-2 0.017 1,398 <0.017 852 0.007 2,717 <0.017Terbufos 82675 13071-79-9 0.009 1,405 <0.009 855 <0.009 2,729 <0.009Thiobencarb 82681 28249-77-6 0.002 1,401 <0.002 854 <0.002 2,727 <0.002Triallate 82678 2303-17-5 0.001 1,402 <0.001 854 <0.001 2,730 <0.001Triclopyr 49235 55335-06-3 0.04 1,186 <0.04 664 <0.04 1,570 <0.04Trifluralin 82661 1582-09-8 0.005 1,401 <0.005 854 <0.005 2,727 <0.005
192 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods Development
Reference Cited, Appendix 8
Stackelberg, P.E., 2006, The quality of our nation's waters–pesticides in the nation's streams and ground water, 1992–2001, Appendix 8B: Analytical approach and methods for pesticides in ground water: U.S. Geological Survey, Circular 1291, accessed at http://water.usgs.gov/nawqa/pnsp/pubs/circ1291/appendix8/8b.html (available online only).
Appendix 9. 193
Appendix 9.
Summary of the Groundwater Regression for Pesticides Model Methodology
194 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods Development
Background
National models of atrazine occurrence in shallow groundwater were previously developed by Kolpin and others (2002) and Stackelberg and others (2006) to evaluate atrazine-detection frequencies in well networks (typically 20–30 wells each) associated with NAWQA land-use studies (Gilliom and others, 2006). Explanatory variables whose values were aver-aged across each study area were used to represent the natural setting, agricultural management practices, and atrazine-use intensity (kilograms per square kilometer). The model of Kolpin and others (2002) was developed from data on the occurrence of atrazine in shallow groundwater underlying agricultural and urban land-use settings, whereas the model of Stackelberg and others (2006) focused solely on atrazine occurrence in agricultural settings. Both models used ordinary least-squares regression methods to identify and quantify the effect of factors that were significantly correlated with atrazine-detection frequencies. Stackelberg and others (2006) then applied their model to predict the frequency with which atrazine would be detected in groundwater beneath unmoni-tored agricultural settings across the conterminous United States.
More recently, the model of Stackelberg and others (2006) has been modified by using the summed concentration of atrazine and one of its degradates, deethylatrazine (DEA)—rather than atrazine-detection frequencies—as the response variable (Paul E. Stackelberg, U.S. Geological Survey, written commun., 2011). The reason for using the sum of atrazine and DEA concentrations as the response variable, rather than the concentration of atrazine alone, was to capture as much information as possible on factors that control the transport and fate of atrazine-derived compounds in the subsurface. Three other major atrazine degradates—deisopropylatrazine, didealkylatrazine, and hydroxyatrazine—were considered, but not examined because of considerations related to analytical performance (Mark Sandstrom, U.S. Geological Survey, writ-ten commun., 2011). A benefit of this newly developed model over previous national regression models is that it predicts concentrations rather than detection frequency, which can be directly compared to water-quality criteria.
Model Development
Measured atrazine and DEA concentrations in 1,298 samples of shallow groundwater underlying 55 areas of regionally extensive combinations of agricultural land and
hydrogeological conditions were used for model development. Because 52 percent of the atrazine and DEA concentrations were censored (deemed to be non-detections), a Tobit model, which provides parameter estimates for a censored linear model (Tobin, 1958; Judge and others, 1985), was used for development of the regression model as described in Larson and others (2004), Stone and others (2008), and Nowell and others (2009). The response variable represents the summed concentration of atrazine and DEA; therefore, the Tobit regres-sion model used interval censoring (Helsel, 2005), whereby two values of the response variable are calculated for each sample—(1) a lower bound representing summed concentra-tions on the assumption that censored values are equal to zero, and (2) an upper bound representing summed concen-trations on the assumption that censored values are equal to their maximum long term-method detection level (LT-MDL). For example, the interval-censoring approach for a sample in which atrazine concentration is reported as 0.009 micrograms per liter (μg/L) and DEA is not detected (and reported as less than the max LT-MDL of 0.007 μg/L) computes total atrazine-residue concentrations to be between 0.009 and 0.016 μg/L. When both atrazine and DEA concentrations were censored, the observation was considered to be left-censored at the sum of the max LT-MDLs (0.011 μg/L).
Potential explanatory variables for the model were screened through a stepwise, interval-censored Tobit regres-sion procedure that used the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) statistic to select variables. The AIC statistic balances the desire to explain as much variability as possible in the response variable (here, atrazine-residue concentration) with the practicality of including as few explanatory variables as possible (Helsel and Hirsch, 1992). Groups of explana-tory variables were sequentially added prior to each step of the stepwise procedure, and variables were retained if their probability (p) values remained less than or equal to 0.25. A p-value of 0.25 was used at this stage of model development to ensure that all explanatory variables that might contribute significantly to a final model formulation would be considered. Remaining variables were dropped from further consideration if they were redundant (derived from the same ancillary data set), highly correlated with one another (correlation coefficient greater than 0.75), or dependent as indicated by a condition index near 30 and variance decomposition proportions greater than 0.5 (Belsley and others, 1980). In these cases, the variable with the lowest p-value was retained, and the redundant, cor-related, or dependent variable(s) were eliminated from further consideration.
Appendix 9. 195
The optimal model formulation was identified by maxi-mizing pseudo-R2 (pR2) values (Laitila, 1993) and minimizing the scale parameter. The pR2 and scale parameter are alterna-tives to the coefficient of determination (R2) and the standard deviation of the residual error, respectively, which are used in conventional least-squares analysis. As with conventional R2, the pR2 ranges from 0 to 1 and is an estimate of the percentage of the variation in the response variable that is explained by the regression model. Thus, a pR2 value of zero indicates that no variation is explained, and a value of unity indicates that 100 percent of the variation is explained. The pR2 was calcu-lated through methods described by Laitila (1993). Estimates of the standard deviation of the residual error from maximum-likelihood methods provide only asymptotically unbiased estimates of the standard deviation of the residual error when estimated from sample data (Aitkin, 1981). These estimates, on average, underestimate the true standard deviation. The bias is a function of the sample size and degree of censoring and is expected to be minimal for models with low percent-ages of censored observations. In this report, biased estimates of the standard deviation of the residual error are referred to as scale.
Before the final model formulation was established, all explanatory variables that had previously been dropped were reevaluated to confirm that they did not contribute signifi-cantly (p-value less than 0.05, and model pR2 increased by 1 percent or more) to the final model. Finally, each pairwise combination of explanatory variables in the final model was considered as a cross-product term to assess whether interac-tion of explanatory variables contributed significantly to the final model.
The optimal model formulation (table 9–1) explains 41 percent of the variability in the concentration of atrazine residues measured in shallow groundwater beneath agricul-tural areas across the conterminous United States. Interaction between the variables artdrn (artificial drainage) and wtdep (depth to the seasonally high water table) was found to be significant and thus required that both variables remain in the final model formulation (Kleinbaum and Klein, 2002) despite an increase in the p-value for wtdep to greater than 0.05 (table 9–1). The groundwater model has the form of equation 1.
log1
Concentration 3 46 92
10
00 0 00 1 3
0
( ) = − + ( )
− (
. . /
.
use
artdrn)) + ( ) + ( )+ ( )
1 3 0 0 0 1 3
0 1
/ . . /
. /
15 4
23
wtdep artdrn wtdep
permin
i
33 00
0 0
9200
+ +( )
− ( ) 62 log
11 5
where
. .recharge airtemp
use = the intensity, in kilograms per square kilometer, of attrazine applications for agricultural purposes in 500-meteer radial areas around each sampled well. Atrazine-use esttimates were based on unpublished proprietary-use data obttained from DMRKYNETEC, Inc. (Thelin and Stone, 2010); usee9200 represents the average reported use for the years 19992 2000.
= the percentage of 1-square kilometer grid
−artdrn
cells with subsurface drains and graded ditches as repressented by conservation practices CP606, CP607, and/or CP6008 (U.S. Natural Resources Conservation Service, 1995).
wtddep = depth to the seasonally high water table in meters (Naatural Resources Conservation Service, 1994).
permepermin = aability of the least permeable soils layer in centimeters per hour U.S. Natural Resources
Conservation Service, 19(
994).mean annual groundwater recharge in
centimetrecharge =
eers per year estimated from a base-flow analysis and mea
,nn annual
runoff as described in Wolock and modified
( )2003 to include groundwater
withdrawn for irrigation purposes (Karen Burow, U.S. Geological Survey,written commun., Mayy 2009).
mean annual air temperature during 198 9airtemp = −0 77 in degrees C (Thornton, 2003).
(1)
196 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods Development
References Cited, Appendix 9
Aitkin, M., 1981, A note on the regression of censored data: Technometrics, v. 23, p. 161–163.
Belsley, D.A., Kuh, E., and Welsch, R.E., 1980, Regression diagnostics: New York, New York, John Wiley and Sons.
Gilliom, R.J., Barbash, J.E., Crawford, C.G., Hamilton, P.A., Martin, J.D., Nakagaki, N., Nowell, L.H., Scott, J.C., Stack-elberg, P.E., Thelin, G.P., and Wolock, D.M., 2006, The quality of our nation’s waters—Pesticides in the nation’s streams and ground water, 1992–2001: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1291, 172 p. Available at http://ca.water.usgs.gov/pnsp/pubs/circ1291/
Helsel, D.R., 2005, Nondetects and data analysis: Statistics for censored environmental data: Hoboken, New Jersey, John Wiley & Sons.
Helsel, D.R., and Hirsch, R.M., 1992, Statistical methods in water resources: Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Elsevier Science.
Judge, G.G., Griffiths, W.E., Hill, R.C., Lütkepohl, H., and Lee, T.C., 1985, The theory and practice of econometrics (2nd ed.): New York, New York, John Wiley.
Kleinbaum, D.G., and Klein, M., 2002, Logistic regression—A self-learning text (2nd ed.): Statistics for Biology and Health: New York, New York, Springer-Verlag, 513 p.
Kolpin, D.W., Barbash, J.E., and Gilliom, R.J., 2002, Atrazine and metolochlor occurrence in shallow ground water of the United States, 1993 to 1995: Relations to explanatory fac-tors: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 38, p. 301–311.
Laitila, T., 1993, A pseudo-R-square measure for limited and qualitative dependent variable models: Journal of Econo-metrics, v. 56, p. 341–356.
Larson, S.J., Crawford, C.G., and Gilliom, R.J., 2004, Devel-opment and application of Watershed Regressions for Pesticides (WARP) for estimating atrazine concentration distributions in streams: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 03–4047, 68 p. Available at http://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri034047/
Nowell, L.H., Crawford, C.G., Gilliom, R.J., Nakagaki, N., Stone, W.W., Thelin, G.P., and Wolock, D.M., 2009, Regres-sion model for explaining and predicting concentrations of organochlorine pesticides in fish from streams in the United States: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 28, p. 1346–1358
Stackelberg, P.E., Gilliom, R.J., Wolock, D.M., and Hitt, K.J., 2006, Development and application of a regression equation for estimating the occurrence of atrazine in shallow ground water beneath agricultural areas of the United States: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2005–5287, 12 p. Available at http://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2005/5287/pdf/NYsir2005-5287_report.pdf
Stone, W.W., Gilliom, R.J., and Crawford, C.G., 2008, Water-shed Regressions for Pesticides (WARP) for predicting annual maximum and maximum moving-average concentra-tions of atrazine in streams: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 08-1186, 19 p. Available at http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1186/
Table 9–1. Statistics for Tobit regression model.
[Model variables are defined in equation 1. Abbreviations: N, number of samples; <, less than; –, none]
Variable Coefficient p-value
Contribution to overall
pR2 by addition of
variable
NOverall
pR2 Scale
Censored data (percent)
Left censored
Interval censored
wtdep 0.15 0.11 0.13 1,298 0.41 0.82 51.6 10.2use92001/3 0.46 <0.0001 0.09 – – – – –airtemp –0.05 <0.0001 0.08 – – – – –artdrn1/3 –0.1 <0.0001 0.06 – – – – –artdrn1/3*wtdep 0.04 0.0002 0.03 – – – – –log10(1+recharge) 0.62 <0.0001 0.01 – – – – –permin1/3 0.23 <0.0001 0.01 – – – – –intercept –3.00 – – – – – – –
Appendix 9. 197
Thelin, G.P., and Stone, W.W., 2010, Method for estimating annual atrazine use for counties in the conterminous United States, 1992–2007: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Inves-tigations Report 2010–5034, 129 p. Available at http://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5034/
Thorton, P.E., 2003, DAYMET climatological summaries for average air temperatures and total precipitation (18-year mean for 1980–1997 [digitial data]): accessed at http://daymet.org
Tobin, J., 1958, Estimation of relationships for limited depen-dent variables: Econometrics, v. 26, p. 24–36.
U.S. Natural Resources Conservation Service, 1994, State Soil Geographic (STATSGO) data base for the United States and Puerto Rico (CD-ROM), accessed July, 2004, at http://soils.usda.gov/survey/geography/statsgo/
U.S. Natural Resources Conservation Service, 1995, 1992 National Resources Inventory (CD-ROM reissued May 1995): Ames, Iowa, Iowa State University Statistical Laboratory.
Wolock, D.W., 2003, Estimated mean annual natural ground-water recharge in the conterminous United States (digi-tal data set): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 03–311. Available at http://water.usgs.gov/lookup/getspatial?rech48grd
198 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods Development
Appendix 10.
Summary of Occurrence of Pesticide Compounds in Bed Sediment from Agricultural, Urban, and Mixed Land-Use Streams Sampled by the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program, 1992–2001
Appendix 10. 199Ta
ble
10–1
. Su
mm
ary
of o
ccur
renc
e of
pes
ticid
e co
mpo
unds
in b
ed s
edim
ent f
rom
agr
icul
tura
l, ur
ban,
and
mix
ed la
nd-u
se s
tream
s sa
mpl
ed b
y th
e N
atio
nal W
ater
-Qua
lity
Asse
ssm
ent (
NAW
QA) P
rogr
am, 1
992–
2001
.—Co
ntin
ued
[Abb
revi
atio
ns: T
he C
AS
Reg
istry
Num
ber®
is a
Reg
iste
red
Trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
; N
D, n
o da
ta; N
o., n
umbe
r; µg
/kg,
mic
rogr
ams p
er k
ilogr
am (d
ry w
eigh
t) –,
not
det
ecte
d]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Repo
rtin
g le
vel
(µg/
kg)
Agr
icul
tura
l lan
d us
eU
rban
land
use
Mix
ed la
nd u
se
No.
of
si
tes
Det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy,
in
per
cent
Perc
entil
es o
f co
ncen
trat
ion,
in
µg/
kg
(dry
wei
ght)
No.
of
si
tes
Det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy,
in p
erce
nt
Perc
entil
es o
f con
cen-
trat
ion,
in
µg/
kg
(dry
wei
ght)
No.
of
si
tes
Det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy,
in
per
cent
Perc
entil
es o
f co
ncen
trat
ion,
in
µg/
kg
(dry
wei
ght)
50th
95th
Max
50th
95th
Max
50th
95th
Max
Ald
rin30
9-00
-21
239
0.84
––
3.0
111
3.60
––
11.0
348
0.57
––
1.9
cis-
Chl
orda
ne51
03-7
1-9
123
42.
56–
–3.
712
460
.48
1.7
23.0
118.
035
121
.08
–3.
714
.0tr
ans-
Chl
orda
ne51
03-7
4-2
123
65.
93–
1.0
5.6
125
62.4
01.
823
.012
1.0
351
22.5
1–
4.2
16.0
Chl
oron
eb26
75-7
7-6
522
90.
00–
––
103
0.00
––
–33
50.
00–
––
DC
PA (D
acth
al)
1861
-32-
15
236
2.12
––
25.0
110
0.00
––
–34
90.
29–
–33
.7o,
p′-D
DD
(o,p
ʹ-D
ichl
orod
iphe
nyl-
dich
loro
etha
ne)
53-1
9-0
121
97.
31–
2.2
33.0
101
27.7
2–
9.6
22.0
306
8.50
–2.
715
0.0
p,p′
-DD
D (p
,pʹ-
Dic
hlor
odip
heny
l-di
chlo
roet
hane
)
72-5
4-8
121
531
.16
–13
.071
.011
560
.87
1.8
48.0
120.
031
433
.76
–11
.213
0.0
o,p′
-DD
E (o
,pʹ-
Dic
hlor
odip
heny
l-di
chlo
roet
hyle
ne)
3424
-82-
61
233
3.00
––
4.4
103
5.83
–1.
026
.732
61.
23–
–22
.0
p,p′
-DD
E (p
,pʹ-
Dic
hlor
odip
heny
l-di
chlo
roet
hyle
ne)
72-5
5-9
124
048
.75
–37
.519
0.0
125
68.0
02.
427
.016
0.0
359
52.3
7–
14.0
440.
0
o,p′
-DD
T (o
,pʹ-
Dic
hlor
odip
heny
l-tri
chlo
roet
hane
)
789-
02-6
222
05.
00–
–30
.010
35.
83–
–9.
831
94.
08–
–11
.0
p,p′
-DD
T (p
,pʹ-
Dic
hlor
odip
heny
l-tri
chlo
roet
hane
)
50-2
9-3
222
220
.27
–11
.051
.011
850
.85
2.1
25.0
57.6
324
22.5
3–
13.0
180.
0
Die
ldrin
60-5
7-1
123
616
.95
–2.
89.
711
942
.02
–27
.029
5.0
349
16.0
5–
3.1
9.1
Endo
sulfa
n I (
alph
a-
Endo
sulfa
n)95
9-98
-81
233
1.29
––
4.7
103
2.91
––
4.9
331
2.42
––
8.8
Endr
in72
-20-
82
234
1.28
––
3.1
110
0.91
––
3.1
345
0.00
––
–al
pha-
HC
H (a
lpha
- H
exac
hlor
ocyc
lohe
xane
)31
9-84
-61
234
0.00
––
–10
90.
92–
–1.
033
50.
00–
––
Tabl
e 10
–1.
Sum
mar
y of
occ
urre
nce
of p
estic
ide
com
poun
ds in
bed
sed
imen
t fro
m a
gric
ultu
ral,
urba
n, a
nd m
ixed
land
-use
stre
ams
sam
pled
by
the
Nat
iona
l Wat
er-Q
ualit
y As
sess
men
t (N
AWQA
) Pro
gram
, 199
2–20
01.
[Abb
revi
atio
ns: T
he C
AS
Reg
istry
Num
ber®
is a
Reg
iste
red
Trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
; N
D, n
o da
ta; N
o., n
umbe
r; µg
/kg,
mic
rogr
ams p
er k
ilogr
am (d
ry w
eigh
t); –
, not
det
ecte
d]
200 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods DevelopmentTa
ble
10–1
. Su
mm
ary
of o
ccur
renc
e of
pes
ticid
e co
mpo
unds
in b
ed s
edim
ent f
rom
agr
icul
tura
l, ur
ban,
and
mix
ed la
nd-u
se s
tream
s sa
mpl
ed b
y th
e N
atio
nal W
ater
-Qua
lity
Asse
ssm
ent (
NAW
QA) P
rogr
am, 1
992–
2001
.—Co
ntin
ued
[Abb
revi
atio
ns: T
he C
AS
Reg
istry
Num
ber®
is a
Reg
iste
red
Trad
emar
k of
the A
mer
ican
Che
mic
al S
ocie
ty. C
AS
reco
mm
ends
the
verifi
catio
n of
the
CA
S R
egis
try N
umbe
rs th
roug
h C
AS
Clie
nt S
ervi
cesSM
; N
D, n
o da
ta; N
o., n
umbe
r; µg
/kg,
mic
rogr
ams p
er k
ilogr
am (d
ry w
eigh
t) –,
not
det
ecte
d]
Chem
ical
nam
eCA
S Re
gist
ry
Num
ber
Repo
rtin
g le
vel
(µg/
kg)
Agr
icul
tura
l lan
d us
eU
rban
land
use
Mix
ed la
nd u
se
No.
of
si
tes
Det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy,
in
per
cent
Perc
entil
es o
f co
ncen
trat
ion,
in
µg/
kg
(dry
wei
ght)
No.
of
si
tes
Det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy,
in p
erce
nt
Perc
entil
es o
f con
cen-
trat
ion,
in
µg/
kg
(dry
wei
ght)
No.
of
si
tes
Det
ectio
n fr
eque
ncy,
in
per
cent
Perc
entil
es o
f co
ncen
trat
ion,
in
µg/
kg
(dry
wei
ght)
50th
95th
Max
50th
95th
Max
50th
95th
Max
beta
-HC
H31
9-85
-71
232
0.00
––
–10
80.
00–
––
333
0.60
––
1.2
Hep
tach
lor
76-4
4-8
123
90.
00–
––
112
5.36
––
8.3
348
0.00
––
-H
epta
chlo
r epo
xide
1024
-57-
31
234
0.85
––
4.6
110
10.9
1–
6.2
19.7
337
0.89
––
1.8
Hex
achl
orob
enze
ne11
8-74
-11
221
4.98
––
11.0
958.
42–
2.4
56.0
323
3.10
––
190.
0Is
odrin
465-
73-6
123
70.
00–
––
106
0.00
––
–34
30.
00–
––
Lind
ane
(gam
ma-
HC
H)
58-8
9-9
123
31.
29–
–2.
010
91.
83–
–1.
033
30.
30–
–5.
2o,
p′-M
etho
xych
lor
3066
7-99
-35
226
0.00
––
–98
0.00
––
–31
40.
00–
––
p,p′
-Met
hoxy
chlo
r72
-43-
55
227
0.44
––
213.
094
2.13
––
71.0
310
0.00
––
–M
irex
2385
-85-
51
239
2.93
––
3.0
110
1.82
––
1.6
345
2.61
––
4.4
cis-
Non
achl
or51
03-7
3-1
123
72.
11–
–2.
511
634
.48
–7.
530
.123
710
.76
–1.
823
.0tr
ans-
Non
achl
or39
765-
80-5
123
65.
08–
1.0
3.4
124
58.8
71.
415
.386
.823
624
.00
–3.
48.
4O
xych
lord
ane
2730
4-13
-81
235
0.43
––
1.2
109
10.0
9–
4.8
13.7
235
0.89
––
3.2
Pent
achl
oroa
niso
le (P
CA
)18
25-2
1-4
121
70.
00–
––
970.
00–
––
313
0.32
––
3.8
cis-
Perm
ethr
in52
645-
53-1
521
91.
83–
–26
.071
2.82
––
10.4
294
0.00
––
–tr
ans-
Perm
ethr
in61
949-
77-7
521
61.
39–
–15
.071
4.23
––
15.1
283
0.00
––
–To
xaph
ene
8001
-35-
220
024
00.
42–
–24
0.0
110
0.91
––
351.
034
90.
00–
––
Tota
l chl
orda
ne 1
ND
ND
237
7.59
–1.
415
.612
568
.00
4.9
66.6
348.
135
626
.69
–12
.843
.6To
tal D
DT 1
ND
ND
242
49.1
7–
78.7
308.
212
572
.00
6.8
133.
026
2.8
361
54.0
21.
238
.455
3.0
1 C
once
ntra
tion
was
det
erm
ined
by
sum
min
g co
ncen
tratio
ns o
f ind
ivid
ual c
ompo
nent
s. N
on-d
etec
tions
and
mis
sing
dat
a fo
r com
pone
nts w
ere
assu
med
equ
al to
zer
o. T
here
fore
, per
cent
iles f
or su
mm
ed
anal
ytes
repr
esen
t the
low
er-b
ound
est
imat
es.
Appendix 11. 201
Appendix 11.
Summary of Occurrence of Pesticide Compounds in Lake Core Sediment from Urban and Reference Lakes Sampled Across the United States by the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program, 1992–2001
202 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods Development
Table 11–1. Summary of occurrence of pesticide compounds in lake core sediment from urban and reference lakes sampled across the United States by the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program, 1992–2001.
[The CAS Registry Number® is a Registered Trademark of the American Chemical Society. CAS recommends the verification of the CAS Registry Numbers through CAS Client ServicesSM. Abbreviations: CAS, Chemical Abstracts Service]
Chemical nameCAS
Registry Number
Number of samples
Detection frequency
(in percent)
Aldrin 309-00-2 155 1.94Chlordane 57-74-9 155 67.74p,p′-DDD
(p,pʹ-Dichlorodiphenyl-dichloroethane)
72-54-8 155 72.90
p,p′-DDE (p,pʹ-Dichlorodiphenyl-dichloroethylene)
72-55-9 155 92.26
p,p′-DDT (p,pʹ-Dichlorodiphenyl-trichloroethane)
50-29-3 155 50.97
Dieldrin 60-57-1 155 44.52Endosulfan I (alpha-
Endosulfan)959-98-8 155 0.00
Endrin 72-20-8 144 0.00Heptachlor 76-44-8 155 5.16Heptachlor epoxide 1024-57-3 155 7.74Lindane (gamma-
Hexachlorocyclohexane)58-89-9 155 0.65
p,p′-Methoxychlor 72-43-5 144 2.78Mirex 2385-85-5 144 4.17Toxaphene 8001-35-2 144 0.00
Appendix 12. 203
Appendix 12.
Summary of Occurrence of Legacy and Current-Use Pesticide Compounds in Stream Bed and Suspended Sediment from Agricultural and Urban Streams Sampled by the Toxics Program, 2001–08
204 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods Development
Table 12–1. Summary of occurrence of legacy and current-use pesticide compounds in stream bed and suspended sediment from agricultural and urban streams sampled by the U.S. Geological Survey Toxics Program, 2001–08.—Continued
[The CAS Registry Number® is a registered trademark of the American Chemical Society. CAS recommends the verification of the CAS Registry Numbers through CAS Client ServicesSM. Abbreviations: CAS, Chemical Abstracts Service]
Chemical nameCAS
Registry Number
Number of samples
Detection frequency
(in percent)
3,4-Dichloroaniline 95-76-1 103 13.6Alachlor 15972-60-8 157 1.3Allethrin 584-79-2 79 0alpha-Endosulfan (Endosulfan I) 959-98-8 78 17.9Atrazine 1912-24-9 177 3.4Azinphos-methyl 86-50-0 51 0beta-Endosulfan (Endosulfan II) 33213-65-9 24 8.3beta-HCH (beta-Hexachlorocyclohexane) 319-85-7 24 29.2Bifenthrin 82657-04-3 260 41.9Butylate 2008-41-5 130 0Carbaryl 63-25-2 150 4.0Carbofuran 1563-66-2 154 1.3Chlorothalonil 1897-45-6 24 8.3Chlorpyrifos 2921-88-2 214 32.7cis-Chlordane (alpha-Chlordane) 5103-71-9 24 37.5cis-Nonachlor 5103-73-1 24 12.5Cyanazine 21725-46-2 54 0Cycloate 1134-23-2 130 0Cyfluthrin 68359-37-5 79 5.1Cyhalothrin (lambda-Cyhalothrin) 91465-08-6 225 19.6Cypermethrin 52315-07-8 143 3.5Cyproconazole 94361-06-5 24 4.2Dacthal (DCPA) 1861-32-1 208 21.6delta-HCH 319-86-8 24 12.5Deltamethrin 52918-63-5 79 0Desulfinylfipronil (MB46513) not available 79 0Diazinon 333-41-5 181 8.3Dieldrin 60-57-1 24 91.7Diethatyl 38727-55-8 24 0EPTC (S-Ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate) 759-94-4 154 13.0Esfenvalerate 66230-04-4 154 13.6Ethalfluralin 55283-68-6 130 7.7Fenpropathrin 39515-41-8 79 5.1Fipronil 120068-37-3 93 1.1Fipronil sulfide 120067-83-6 106 4.7Fipronil sulfone 120068-36-2 91 3.3Fluvalinate-tau 102851-06-9 87 3.4Fonofos 944-22-9 54 0gamma-HCH 58-89-9 24 16.7Hexazinone 51235-04-2 159 1.3Iprodione 36734-19-7 79 17.7Malathion 121-75-5 157 0Methidathion 950-37-8 157 0.6Methoprene 40596-69-8 91 2.2
Table 12–1. Summary of occurrence of legacy and current-use pesticide compounds in stream bed and suspended sediment from agricultural and urban streams sampled by the U.S. Geological Survey Toxics Program, 2001–08.
[The CAS Registry Number® is a registered trademark of the American Chemical Society. CAS recommends the verification of the CAS Registry Numbers through CAS Client ServicesSM. Abbreviations: CAS, Chemical Abstracts Service]
Appendix 12. 205
Table 12–1. Summary of occurrence of legacy and current-use pesticide compounds in stream bed and suspended sediment from agricultural and urban streams sampled by the U.S. Geological Survey Toxics Program, 2001–08.—Continued
[The CAS Registry Number® is a registered trademark of the American Chemical Society. CAS recommends the verification of the CAS Registry Numbers through CAS Client ServicesSM. Abbreviations: CAS, Chemical Abstracts Service]
Chemical nameCAS
Registry Number
Number of samples
Detection frequency
(in percent)
Metolachlor 51218-45-2 198 27.8Molinate 2212-67-1 138 2.2Myclobutanil 88671-89-0 24 12.5Napropamide 15299-99-7 138 5.1Oxyfluorfen 42874-03-3 162 30.2p,pʹ-DDD (p,pʹ-Dichlorodiphenyl-dichloroethane) 72-54-8 248 40.3p,pʹ-DDE (p,pʹ-Dichlorodiphenyl-dichloroethylene) 72-55-9 274 52.6p,pʹ-DDT (p,pʹ-Dichlorodiphenyl-trichloroethane) 50-29-3 248 34.7Parathion-methyl 298-00-0 157 6.4PCNB (Pentachloronitrobenzene) 82-68-8 79 0Pebulate 1114-71-2 130 3.8Pendimethalin 40487-42-1 247 40.5Pentachloroanisole (PCA) 1825-21-4 103 1.9Permethrin (cis-Permethrin) 52645-53-1 140 36.4Phosmet 732-11-6 103 0Piperonyl butoxide 51-03-6 160 11.3Prometryn 7287-19-6 194 22.2Propiconazole 60207-90-1 24 8.3Resmethrin 10453-86-8 127 5.5Simazine 122-34-9 130 8.5Sulfotepp 3689-24-5 27 0Sumithrin 26002-80-2 79 0Tefluthrin 79538-32-2 79 0Terbuthylazine 5915-41-3 21 4.8Tetraconazole 112281-77-3 24 87.5Tetramethrin 7696-12-0 79 0Thiobencarb 28249-77-6 144 6.9trans-Chlordane (gamma-Chlordane) 5103-74-2 24 50.0trans-Nonachlor 39765-80-5 24 20.8Trifluralin 1582-09-8 214 44.9
206 Prioritizing Pesticide Compounds for Analytical Methods Development
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