Printing in 3D Euro Foo ‘04 Arthur, James & Simon
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Printing in 3DEuro Foo ‘04
Arthur, James & Simon
2
"Where a calculator on the ENIAC is equipped with 18,000 vacuum tubes
and weighs 30 tons, computers in the future may have only 1,000 vacuum tubes and perhaps weigh 1.5 tons.”
- Popular Mechanics, 1949.
3
Awareness
4
What are 3D printers?
4
What are 3D printers? Machines that produce physical objects from
digital data.
4
What are 3D printers? Machines that produce physical objects from
digital data.
3D printer (Solidimension concept modeller)
4
What are 3D printers? Machines that produce physical objects from
digital data.
3D printer (Solidimension concept modeller)
Physical objects
Science Fiction?
Science Fiction?
It is very real and the technology is used today.
6
Where is it used?
6
Where is it used?
Everywhere from
making shoes
6
Where is it used?
Everywhere from
making shoes
And building tank parts
6
Where is it used?
Everywhere from
making shoes
And building tank parts
X-Ray
To medical
applications
7
How do they work?
7
How do they work? Many different technologies (see “Rapid Prototyping and
Tooling”, A. Maier)
7
How do they work? Many different technologies (see “Rapid Prototyping and
Tooling”, A. Maier)
Develop solid objects and electronics by
building in layers.
7
How do they work? Many different technologies (see “Rapid Prototyping and
Tooling”, A. Maier)
Develop solid objects and electronics by
building in layers.
Most interesting
use “inkjet”
technology.
7
How do they work? Many different technologies (see “Rapid Prototyping and
Tooling”, A. Maier)
Develop solid objects and electronics by
building in layers.
Most interesting
use “inkjet”
technology.
7
How do they work? Many different technologies (see “Rapid Prototyping and
Tooling”, A. Maier)
Develop solid objects and electronics by
building in layers.
Most interesting
use “inkjet”
technology.
7
How do they work? Many different technologies (see “Rapid Prototyping and
Tooling”, A. Maier)
Develop solid objects and electronics by
building in layers.
Most interesting
use “inkjet”
technology.
7
How do they work? Many different technologies (see “Rapid Prototyping and
Tooling”, A. Maier)
Develop solid objects and electronics by
building in layers.
Most interesting
use “inkjet”
technology.
7
How do they work? Many different technologies (see “Rapid Prototyping and
Tooling”, A. Maier)
Develop solid objects and electronics by
building in layers.
Most interesting
use “inkjet”
technology.
7
How do they work? Many different technologies (see “Rapid Prototyping and
Tooling”, A. Maier)
Develop solid objects and electronics by
building in layers.
Most interesting
use “inkjet”
technology.
7
How do they work? Many different technologies (see “Rapid Prototyping and
Tooling”, A. Maier)
Develop solid objects and electronics by
building in layers.
Most interesting
use “inkjet”
technology.
8
How big are the machines?
8
Used to be
How big are the machines?
8
Used to be
How big are the machines? But
technology
changes
8
Used to be
How big are the machines? But
technology
changes
And gets
smaller
8
Used to be
How big are the machines? But
technology
changes
And gets
smaller In 2004, a
desktop
version is
expected to
be released.
8
Used to be
How big are the machines? But
technology
changes
And gets
smaller In 2004, a
desktop
version is
expected to
be released.
Cost $19,000
9
State of the industry
Rapid Prototyping (RP)
concept models
20041990 2003
Rapid Manufacturing (RM)
Finished products
1987
10
Why should we be aware?
10
Why should we be aware?
Machines which can build other machines
impact the traditional manufacturing model
(e.g. nanotechnology)
10
Why should we be aware?
Machines which can build other machines
impact the traditional manufacturing model
(e.g. nanotechnology)
3D printing is such a disruptive technology.
10
Why should we be aware?
Machines which can build other machines
impact the traditional manufacturing model
(e.g. nanotechnology)
3D printing is such a disruptive technology.
There are future implications - Printers
which Print Printers, Open source design
etc.
11
Summary
11
Summary This technology:
11
Summary This technology:
Is very real
11
Summary This technology:
Prints customised objects
and electronics.
Is very real
11
Summary This technology:
Prints customised objects
and electronics.
Is very real
High value
$0
$175,000,000
$350,000,000
$525,000,000
$700,000,000
Services($257M)
Hardware($176M)
Consumables ($94M)
12
Interest
13
3D printing Markets
13
3D printing Markets
Commercial Prototyping
13
3D printing Markets
Commercial Prototyping
Rapid Manufacturing
13
3D printing Markets
Commercial Prototyping
Rapid Manufacturing
Consumer 3DPrinting
14
Commercial Prototyping
14
Commercial Prototyping Concept models.
14
Commercial Prototyping Concept models.
ZCorp has a 32% market share. (Wohler, Rapid Prototyping 2004)
14
Commercial Prototyping Concept models.
ZCorp has a 32% market share. (Wohler, Rapid Prototyping 2004)
Currently use HP printer heads.
15
Rapid Manufacturing
15
Rapid Manufacturing Finished goods.
15
Rapid Manufacturing Finished goods.
Cost effective for short product runs (less than 6,000 - Loughborough University)
15
Rapid Manufacturing Finished goods.
Cost effective for short product runs (less than 6,000 - Loughborough University)
“Print” in metals, plastics and polymers. NB patents for inkjet printing electronic circuits.
15
Rapid Manufacturing
Allows for mass customisation.
Finished goods.
Cost effective for short product runs (less than 6,000 - Loughborough University)
“Print” in metals, plastics and polymers. NB patents for inkjet printing electronic circuits.
Science Fiction?
Science Fiction?
In Sweden they already “print” hearing aids customised to the
individual patient.
17
Consumer 3D printing
17
Consumer 3D printing
“Printing” physical objects at home.
17
Consumer 3D printing
“Printing” physical objects at home.
Instant delivery & customisation.
18
Why?
18
Why?
Consumers benefits are customisation, cost and delivery.
18
Design
Production
Distribution
Tools & Machinery
Factory Space
Raw Materials & RM Stock
Labour
Overhead
Warehouse
Shipping
Overhead
Why?
Consumers benefits are customisation, cost and delivery.
18
Design
Production
Distribution
Tools & Machinery
Factory Space
Raw Materials & RM Stock
Labour
Overhead
Warehouse
Shipping
Overhead
Why?
Consumers benefits are customisation, cost and delivery.
Design
Production
Distribution
Tools & Machinery
Factory Space
Raw Materials & RM Stock
Labour
Overhead
Warehouse
Shipping
Overhead
18
Design
Production
Distribution
Tools & Machinery
Factory Space
Raw Materials & RM Stock
Labour
Overhead
Warehouse
Shipping
Overhead
Why?
Consumers benefits are customisation, cost and delivery.
Design
Production
Distribution
Tools & Machinery
Factory Space
Raw Materials & RM Stock
Labour
Overhead
Warehouse
Shipping
Overhead
Design
Production Raw Materials & RM Stock
18
Design
Production
Distribution
Tools & Machinery
Factory Space
Raw Materials & RM Stock
Labour
Overhead
Warehouse
Shipping
Overhead
Why?
Consumers benefits are customisation, cost and delivery.
Design
Production
Distribution
Tools & Machinery
Factory Space
Raw Materials & RM Stock
Labour
Overhead
Warehouse
Shipping
Overhead
Design
Production Raw Materials & RM Stock
Printers
18
Design
Production
Distribution
Tools & Machinery
Factory Space
Raw Materials & RM Stock
Labour
Overhead
Warehouse
Shipping
Overhead
Why?
Consumers benefits are customisation, cost and delivery.
Design
Production
Distribution
Tools & Machinery
Factory Space
Raw Materials & RM Stock
Labour
Overhead
Warehouse
Shipping
Overhead
Design
Production Raw Materials & RM Stock
Printers
Design consumable
18
Design
Production
Distribution
Tools & Machinery
Factory Space
Raw Materials & RM Stock
Labour
Overhead
Warehouse
Shipping
Overhead
Why?
Consumers benefits are customisation, cost and delivery.
Design
Production
Distribution
Tools & Machinery
Factory Space
Raw Materials & RM Stock
Labour
Overhead
Warehouse
Shipping
Overhead
Design
Production Raw Materials & RM Stock
Printers
Design consumable
Material consumable
18
Design
Production
Distribution
Tools & Machinery
Factory Space
Raw Materials & RM Stock
Labour
Overhead
Warehouse
Shipping
Overhead
Why?
For manufacturers, the threat is that capital cost barriers for new competitors are removed.
Consumers benefits are customisation, cost and delivery.
Design
Production
Distribution
Tools & Machinery
Factory Space
Raw Materials & RM Stock
Labour
Overhead
Warehouse
Shipping
Overhead
Design
Production Raw Materials & RM Stock
Printers
Design consumable
Material consumable
19
How big is this?
19
How big is this?
Home Products is a $1 trillion market.(extrapolated from a $350 billion US Market, US Economic overview 2003)
19
How big is this?
Home Products is a $1 trillion market.(extrapolated from a $350 billion US Market, US Economic overview 2003)
Unexploited
Henry C. Co, Technology and Operations Management, CSU.
20
Summary
20
Summary
Three new marketsCommercial Prototyping
Rapid Manufacturin
g
Consumer 3DPrinting
20
Summary
Three new marketsCommercial Prototyping
Rapid Manufacturin
g
Consumer 3DPrinting
Uses well known technology
20
Summary
Three new marketsCommercial Prototyping
Rapid Manufacturin
g
Consumer 3DPrinting
Uses well known technology
Relatively unexploited.
21
Market Trends
22
Trends.
22
Trends. Hardware & consumables is worth $270M p.a.
and expected to grow to $330M per year by 2006.
22
Trends. Hardware & consumables is worth $270M p.a.
and expected to grow to $330M per year by 2006.
$0
$125,000,000
$250,000,000
$375,000,000
$500,000,000
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
ConsumablesConsumables est.HardwareHardware est.Add-on servicesAdd-on services est.
23
Machine sales
23
Machine sales The underlying volume of RP machines sold
shows a high growth level
23
Machine sales The underlying volume of RP machines sold
shows a high growth level
0
500
1000
1500
2000
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
3D Machines sold3D Machines Estimated
24
Patent Growth
24
Patent Growth Gives an idea of the future interest in a market.
24
Patent Growth Gives an idea of the future interest in a market.
+21% Growth in RP patents issued.
+231 new RP patents in 2003
0
100
200
300
400
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
25
Thank you
26
Also available in colour.
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