Principles of Treatment Structure of the Personality ID • primary source of psychic energy and locus of instinctual drives • functions to discharge energy immediately • operates under the pleasure principle • primarily unconscious~ Psychodynamic Theory
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Principles of Treatment Structure of the Personality ID primary source of psychic energy and locus of instinctual drives functions to discharge energy.
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Principles of Treatment
Structure of the Personality
ID
• primary source of psychic energy and locus of instinctual drives• functions to discharge energy immediately• operates under the pleasure principle• primarily unconscious~
Psychodynamic Theory
Principles of Treatment
Structure of the Personality
EGO
• mediates among the instincts (ID), environment, and the conscience (SUPEREGO)• operates under the reality principle• primarily conscious, partially unconscious (preconscious)~
Psychodynamic Theory
Principles of Treatment
Psychodynamic Theory
Structure of the Personality
SUPEREGO
• strives for perfection• represents traditional values and ideals of society• attempts to inhibit the id• operates under the moral principle• conscious and unconscious~
Principles of Treatment
Operation of the Personality
Anxiety
The state of psychic energy that develops from the conflict of the id ego and superego
TypesReality anxiety
fear of danger from the external worldNeurotic anxiety
fear of losing control of the instinctual drives for which we will be punished.Moral anxiety
fear of one’s conscience- guilt~
Psychodynamic Theory
Principles of Treatment
Normal Operation of the Personality
The ego realistically fulfills the drives of the id and the expectations of the superego thus discharging the build up of psychic energy.
Ego Defense Mechanisms
When the ego cannot control anxiety by rational or realistic methods it relies on the ego defense mechanisms to temporarily discharge anxiety.~
Psychodynamic Theory
Principles of Treatment
Principles of Treatment
Principles of Treatment
Dysfunctional Operation of the Personality
Ego is unable to realistically act due to
1. Over dependence on defense mechanism2. Weak control by the superego- little
inhibition of the id drives3. Weak ego strength to find realistic solutions
to intrapersonal dynamics~
Psychodynamic Theory
Principles of Treatment
Motivation
Behaviour is motivated by:1. Instinctual Drives2. Avoidance, redirection and reduction of anxiety
Behaviour is Changed by:1. By making the client unaware of unconscious conflicts2. Development of the superego3. Development of ego strength
Both strategies help the ego identify realistic answers to satisfy the demands of the id and the expectations of the superego~
Psychodynamic Theory
Principles of Treatment
Resistance to Change
1. Over dependence on defense mechanisms
2. Lack of awareness
3. Weak ego control~
Psychodynamic Theory
Principles of Treatment
Freud's Techniques
1. Analysis of Dreams2. Analysis of Free Association3. Analysis of Transference4. Analysis of Resistance5. Analysis of Counter Transference~
Psychodynamic Theory
Principles of Treatment
Behaviour Management, Programming and Counselling interventions help to reduce or redirect psychic energy and develop realistic ego control by strengthening the influence of the superego and reducing the dependency on defense mechanisms.
Object Relations Theory
Concerned with how early family relationships affect the types of relationships formed outside the family.
Object – person involved in the relationship – father, mother