Principles of Medication Administration Lecture Notes Monday 1/11/16 Learning Objectives • Identify types of medication orders and how to read them • Describe safety measures in preparing drugs • Describe principles used to prepare and administer oral, parenteral, topical, and inhalation medications. • Describe measures for safe administration of medications • Understand and Implement guidelines for nursing actions to assess and administer medications to patients. • Understand and demonstrate intervention s to enhance patient care for patients with a tracheostomy, to include daily care and suctioning. • Understand and demonstrate interventions to maintain uid balance, to include assessment and initiation of an I, administering Iuids, maintaining Ilines using sterile techni!ue. • Understand and demonstrate intervention s to obtain blood samples. "urses • always responsible for their own actions • must know state laws regarding nursing practice and medication administration • Never re-cap used needle • Remember Standard Precautions Drug Information • not possible to #now or memori$e all drug info • best way to #now how to administer the medication is to %&'D the pac#age insert • read nursing implications ( Drug )andboo# * +D% * )ospital +harmacy websites echanism of Drug 'ction • 'bsorption- ( from site of entry to bloodst ream • etabolism- ( changing drug to d ierent form • Distribution- ( blood ow to the tissues • &/cretion-
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
8/18/2019 Principles of Medication Administration Notes
• ?hec#ing the medication orders for transcription errors, allergies, interactions
e.g. if you see med listed patient is allergic to ma#e sure to call doctor and have itremoved
• 'fter preparing medications "&&% leave the medications in the room for the patient to
ta#e later
• Gou U52 9I2"&55 the patient ta#ing the medications to document they were given
• Do "O2 give medication I have not pulled myself
H ?hec#s Aefore 0iving a edication
. 9hen reaching*pic#ing up medicationB. ?ompare to the &'% : be sure it is right@H. Aefore giving to the patient; be sure it is right
5IJ %ights of edications E 1"O9 F
13 ight (edication
23 ight #atient
53 ight Dosage43 ight oute
"3 ight time
63 ight eason
3 ight Documentation
Oral edications
. 'ssess-• 'llergies
• 5wallowing
• ital 5igns, lab results
e.g. Alood +ressure edicine ( always chec# blood pressure before giving and if on the edge and I am
worried wait and hour and rechec# blood pressure againB. +atient #nowledge and needed educationH. &!uipment- cups, spoons, pill cutters, water to drin#, crushing tool
5pecial 5ituations• ?rushing-
( only way to #now if you can crush loo# it up( slip into pudding
• 5yringe or Dropper-
( ma#e certain the syringe is oral syringe and not I syringe
• ?hildren-
( tiny amounts
• Auccal-
8/18/2019 Principles of Medication Administration Notes
how many drops mldierent droppings have dierent factors : read the pac#age
VR"AS#NS # $A%" %"N#&S A''"SS
V 2o balance uids in the body
V 2o administer medications
V 2o have access to the circulatory system
+repare the 5olution
. ?hec# orders to verify solutionB. Obtain bag if I uids, compare to orderH. ?hec# contents for e/piration date3. Obtain correct I tubing, note drip factor and length of tubingM. %emove caps 7 sterile8 o bag and tubing
T. 5pi#e the bag, R+rime the lineS and let uid run through tubingW. ?lamp
If giving blood use big enough for cells to get through ( Q gauge
9ho decides needle si$e and how longX ; "urse
I ?atheters
8/18/2019 Principles of Medication Administration Notes
+I??peripherally inserted central cathetermedication goes directly into the hearteverything push through goes into the heartbig deal
+I?? Linese.g. picture of R+ower +I??Son used for drawing labsone for pushing meds
nurse practioners and doctors insert +I?? lines+I?? line changes are sterile procedure and done using sterile techni!ue%emoval of a +I?? line re!uires special care to limit air embolism>>>"&&% U5& +I?? LI"& 9I2)OU2 +%O=&55O% +%&5&"2>>
I 5ite +reparation;clean the s#in
=inding an I 5itelocate vein : put tourna!itlower e/tremity
apply warmth : circulation and dilationtap veinopen and close 6stuse of vein 6nder
Intravenous 5ites for 'dult'rm'lways 2owards the )eart
I 5ite on Infant
8/18/2019 Principles of Medication Administration Notes
: remove I• 2issue trauma at site ( it is torn or ripped
• Infection- ( indication of any pus on the scene if you see this let doctor
#now so pt can go onantibiotic . 5tart new I somewhere else
• 5eptic; same as infection in the bloodstream ( patient is sic# ( pull it out
and call .D
?aution for "ursesalways wear gloves when starting an Ialways dispose of needles in sharp bo/always chec# patients allergiesremember the medication is going into the patients heart you can get it bac#be accurate
rac!eostomy
partsobturator
inner cannula
8/18/2019 Principles of Medication Administration Notes
2he obturator 6ts into the inner cannula which 6ts into the outer cannulaonly time you use this it is for insertion
2racheostomytemporary or permanentcued or uncuedplaced in O% or I?U under sterile techni!uelocal anesthesia
>>> always over head of bed>>>if it comes bac# out ( put bac# in
0%U always have emergency trach bo/( so will have one of same si$e and one smaller si$e because it can close up before your eyes
?ued or ?uYess( how it is held into patient( depends on patients nec#( cued trach on ventilator patients( will downsi$e to cuYess before decanulate patient
8/18/2019 Principles of Medication Administration Notes