Presented to: By: Date: Federal Aviation Administration International Aircraft Materials Fire Test Working Group Meeting Development of a New Flammability.

Presented to:

By:

Date:

Federal AviationAdministration

International Aircraft Materials Fire Test

Working Group Meeting

Development of a New Flammability Test for

Magnesium-Alloy Seat Structure

International Aircraft Materials Fire Test Working Group, Solothurn, Switzerland

Tim Marker, FAA Technical Center

June 25, 2014

2 of 44Federal AviationAdministration

Development of a Flammability Test for Magnesium AlloysJune 25, 2014

Activities Since Last Meeting

Insert new test method into Handbook

Refined method of determining when sample begins to burn (10-sec dwell)

Refined method of determining when sample self-extinguishes (video)

Investigated various techniques when measuring post-test weights

Experimentation with not moving sample away from burner after test

Experimentation with new sample holder that allows elongation during heating

Investigated use of igniterless stator for more consistent flame





Measurement of Bar and Residue Weight

After 1 hour

After 4 hours

After 24 hours

After wire-brushing

After hammering!





Use of Flame Retention Head yields only 24% passing

Refinement of Burner Flame for Increased Repeatability

Use of Modified Flame Retention Head yields only 79% passing

Use of Stator/Turbulator (baseline) 90% passing

Igniterless Stator 85% passing

(using Elektron-43 as the testing material)

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Igniterless Stator Testing





Translation of Sample Away from Burner



Vibration or Momentum Can Cause Burning Sample to Fall



Steel Cover for Cone





Super Wool Cover for Cone





Warped Sample Restrained in Fixture



Sample Restrained in Fixture - Locked



Elongation of Restrained Sample



Alternate Sample Holder Allows Elongation



Alternate Sample Holder Allows Elongation

















Other Areas of Use?





Possible Areas of Mag-Alloy Use



Possible Areas of Mag-Alloy Use



How Can We Certify?



Surface Area to Volume Ratio



For truncated cone test sample: (l = 10, Db = 1.57, Dh = 0.40)

•

Surface Area = 33.0592 in2

•

Volume = 8.5161 in3

SAV Ratio = 33.0592 ÷ 8.5161 = 3.88 in-1


SAV Ratio = 3.88



For rectangular bar test sample:

Surface Area = (2 x 0.25 x 20) + (2 x 1.5 x 20) + (2 x 0.25 x 1.5)

Surface Area = (10) + (60) + (0.75) = 70.75 in2

Volume = (0.25 x 1.5 x 20) = 7.5 in3

SAV Ratio = 70.75 ÷ 7.5 = 9.42 in-1


SAV Ratio = 9.42



For hollow cylinder test sample (1.75 OD, wall thickness = 0.094):

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•

•

Surface Area = 84.22782 in2

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SAV Ratio = 84.22782 ÷ 3.90248 = 21.58 in-1


SAV Ratio = 21.58

•



For thin sheet test sample: (10 inch square, thickness = 0.0625)

Surface Area = (2 x 10 x 10) + (4 x 0.0625 x 10)

Surface Area = (200) + (2.5) = 202.5 in2

Volume = (l x w x t)

Volume = (10 x 10 x .0625) = 6.25 in3

SAV Ratio = 202.5 ÷ 6.25 = 32.4 in-1


SAV Ratio = 32.4



For solid basketball-sized test sample: (9.5-inch diameter)

Surface Area = 4 pr2

Surface Area = (4 x 3.14 x 22.5625) = 283.53 in2

Volume = 4/3pr3

Volume = (4 ÷ 3 x 3.14 x 107.17) = 448.92 in3

SAV Ratio = 283.53 ÷ 448.92 = 0.632 in-1


SAV Ratio = 0.632





Considerations for Qualifying Other Mag-Alloy Components

Possible to define a maximum SAV ratio + use oil burner test

If SAV ratio is less than xx, use oil burner test

If SAV ratio is greater than xx, use suitable electrical arc test

For Example:



Questions?



DOT/FAA/AR-11/3 Federal Aviation Administration William J. Hughes Technical Center Aviation Research Division Atlantic City International Airport New Jersey 08405

Evaluating the Flammability of Various Magnesium Alloys During Laboratory- and Full-Scale Aircraft Fire Tests Timothy R. Marker January 2013 Final Report This document is available to the U.S. public through the National Technical Information Services (NTIS), Springfield, Virginia 22161. This document is also available from the Federal Aviation Administration William J. Hughes Technical Center at actlibrary.tc.faa.gov.

U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Aviation Administration

http://www.fire.tc.faa.gov/pdf/AR11-13.pdf



http://www.fire.tc.faa.gov/pdf/TC-13-52.pdf



Discussion Items for Inclusion in Advisory Circular

Testing of coatings (powder coatings, anodizing, paints)

Can other seat components also be made of magnesium alloy?

Can “Equivalent Geometry” be defined using SAV ratio?

Presented to: By: Date: Federal Aviation Administration International Aircraft Materials Fire Test Working Group Meeting Development of a New Flammability.

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