ERTAC EGU Growth Tool Stakeholder Rollout Lake Michigan Air Directors(LADCO) Rosemont, IL May 20 th , 2013 1
Feb 25, 2016
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ERTAC EGU Growth ToolStakeholder Rollout
Lake Michigan Air Directors(LADCO)Rosemont, IL
May 20th, 2013
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Presentation Overview
1. Process Overview and Timelines2. Inputs3. Algorithm Details4. Visualizing Results5. Current Runs and Future Plans
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1. Process Overview and Timelines
a. What is the ERTAC Growth Committee? b. Product criteriac. Committee structured. Progress & Timeline
Eastern Regional Technical Advisory Committee (ERTAC)
ERTAC convenes ad-hoc groups to solve specific inventory problems(Rail, Area Sources, EGU Temporal)
Collaboration:– States - NE, Mid-Atlantic, Southern, and Lake
Michigan– Multi-jurisdictional organizations– Stakeholder cooperation.
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ERTAC EGU Growth
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ERTAC EGU convened 3 years agoGoal: Build a low cost, stable/stiff, fast, and
transparent model to project future EGU emissionsUtility representatives also joined and provided
guidance on model design and inputs• AEP – Dave Long• AMEREN - Ken Anderson• RRI – John Shimshock• NY Energy – Roger Caiz
Helped refine the logic, such as reserve capacity
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ERTAC EGU Subcommittees & Co-Chairs
Committee Co-chairsLaura Mae Crowder, WV DEP Bob Lopez, WI DE Danny Wong, NJ DEP
Subcommittees and LeadsImplementation/Doris McLeod VA, Mark Janssen, LADCO
Create logic for software
Growth/Bob Lopez, WI & Laura Mae Crowder, WVRegional specific growth rates for peak and off peak
Data Tracking/Wendy Jacobs, CTImprove default data to reflect state specific information
Renewables & Conservation Programs/Danny Wong, NJCharacterize programs not already included in growth factors
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State Involvement
• Regional lead identified to coordinate state review of model and inputs(John Welch)
• State Lead identified to QA the input files• These representatives also review the output
to provide guidance• If Future Year (FY) emission goals are not met
with known controls, states will indicate what strategy are applied to meet the goal
How does it work? Starting point: 2007 CEM data by region
Units ordered from maximum to minimum hours operated
States provide info: new units, controls & other changes
Regional growth ratesBase – Department of Energy (EIA) Annual Energy Outlook (AEO)Peak – North American Electric Reliability Corporation (NERC)
Future hourly estimates based on base year activityTemporal profile matches meteorology
Unit demand beyond capacity moved to other units using 2007 ordering
Growth beyond regional capacity results in “Demand Deficit Units”
Test hourly reserve capacity 8
Benefits of ERTAC EGU Model
Conservative predictionsNo big swings in generationNo unexpected unit shutdowns
Inputs are completely transparentSoftware is not proprietaryOutput files are hourly and reflect base year meteorology
Hourly emissions reflect HEDD concernsQuickly evaluates various scenarios
Regional and fuel modularity Can test retirements, growth, and controls
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Progress So Far ....
Model Development: Methodology created, documentation crafted Preprocessor & projection running on Linux and
Windows (GA, VA, MARAMA, IN, NJ, OTC) Developing post-processing software
Estimating Growth in Generation: Growth rates and regions defined Created growth rate inputs using AEO/NERC 2013
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Progress So Far .... Input File Development:
Unit file and future controls file reviewed by statesCap files developed based on CAIR caps Further state input ongoing
Results:Version 1.65 complete for Continental USUsed AEO/NERC 2013 growth factorsImproved output through post-processorsDistributed to member states for review and comment twice
Sensitivities:Conducted many scenarios with varied input valuesRan alternative growth rate sensitivities(with high coal rates)
ERTAC TimelineMay , 2013•Third Generation of “CONUS” test runs Using AEO2013 Growth Rates•Goal: Demonstrate a “Proof of Concept”•Review output, revise and rerun•Present results to Stakeholders for comment
June 28th , 2013 • Identify Sensitivity runs for next round of modeling•Close comment window for next round of comments on 2011 base year
July-October, 2013•Run 8-12 sensitivity runs and present to full ERTAC Committee•Goal: Improve inputs and model output processors•Enhance ERTAC to SMOKE post-processors and data. •Mid October next update window
Anticipated Future tasks•Support states with Transport modeling• Improve Documentation•Enhance Software Functionality(needs additional funding)
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Data Importation
a. Inputsb. Preprocessingc. Growth Rates
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ERTAC Inputs
• Emission Unit Start Point: Base Year CAMD activity data – Gross load hourly data, unit fuel, unit type, location – Units categorized by:
• Fuel Type [Boiler Gas, Oil, Simple Cycle, Combined Cycle, Coal]• Region [AEO regions (e.g. MACE, LILC, WUMS)]
• States review provides known new units, controls, retirements, fuel switches, etc
• Energy Information Agency (EIA) AEO growth factors • NERC peak growth factors
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Preprocessing Functions• Data Edit Checks
– Unit availability file– Controls file– Growth rates file– Base Year hourly CAMD data
• Removes non-EGUs• Determines hourly temporal hierarchy
– Based on regional hourly Gross Load (GL)– Important for load distribution and growth rates
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Preprocessing Functions
• New units are assigned future hourly usage profile• Assesses partial year reporting units• Creates unit hierarchies for generation distribution• Calculates “hourly load values” by region and
fuel/unit type considering:– Retired generation– New unit generation– Existing generation
• Calculates “non peak” growth rates
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Growth Rates (GR)• Hour specific growth rates• Program adjusts unit temporal profile based on regional and
fuel/unit type hourly growth profiles– Resulting FY profile might different from BY
• Provides ability to understand effects of peak episodic Growth Rate and control programs on air quality
• AEO Growth combined with NERC peak growth – Peak Growth – First 200 hour in hierarchy– Transition growth – 200-2000 hours in hierarchy– Non-peak growth – last remaining hours in hierarchy out to 8760 hours.
• Combined factor is further adjusted to account for:– Retirements & new units
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Growth Rates (GR)• Peak GR = 1.07• Annual GR = 0.95
• Transition hours of 200 & 2,000• Non Peak GR = 0.9328 (calculated)
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The evolution of growth rates from annual to hourly
Transition(hours 201-2000 in
hierarchy)
AEO2010 (by region/fuel)
Nonpeak Growth(hours 2001-8760
in hierarchy)
NERC (by region/fuel)
Peak Growth(hours 1-200 in
hierarchy)
Final Hourly Growth
Adjusted for retirements/new units each hour
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Adjusted Future Year Growth Rates (AFYGR), Hour Specific
• For every region and fuel/unit type, each hour has a variable value for:– Total FY Load (Hour Specific GR * BY Load=FY Gen)– Total Retired Generation (RetGen)– Total New Unit Generation (NU Gen)
• Growth Rate for each hour adjusted before application to existing unit hourly Base Yr loads!
AFYGR = (Future Yr Generation – New Unit Generation) (Base Yr Generation – Retired Generation)
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3. Algorithm Details
a. Regional modularityb. Adjusted Future Year Growth Ratesc. Excess generation poold. New Unit Utilizatione. Demand Deficit units f. Spinning Reserve
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Regional/Fuel Modularity
• Each ERTAC region analyzed independently• Reserve analyzed on a regional basis• Algorithm determines if capacity has been
met for each hour for the region and fuel/unit type
Use new units
For all ERTAC Regions
For all Fuel/Type Bins
Analyze capacity versus demand
Assign generation
Spinning Reserve
Regional and Fuel Modularity
Units assigned to a region/fuelGrowth rates by region/fuelGrowth rates account for:
Regional generation transferChanges in fuel mixRenewables and some energy efficiency
Allows modular operation.With unrealistic growth rates:
Results will also be unrealisticShould we manually balance fuels or regions?
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DRAFT - DO NOT DISTRIBUTE 24
Updated Regional Map
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Excess Generation Pool• If unit growth exceeds capacity
– Unit is limited to capacity– Demand beyond capacity added to the excess generation
pool for that hour/region/ fuel/unit type bin• The pool is distributed to other units in unit allocation
hierarchy order– Units receive power up to optimal threshold or max capacity
in two distribution loops– Power distribution ceases when pool is depleted or all units
are at capacity (Demand Deficit unit must be created to meet demand and run restarts)
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New Unit Utilization• New units mainly receive generation from overall
future year power demand. Existing units’ growth rates are adjusted accordingly.– Annual power production limited by default or state input– Temporal profile based on similar unit (mimic) —program
allows user to change the “mimic” unit• New units (demand deficit and state supplied) are
high in utilization order relative to other similar units because they are assumed to be:– Very efficient– Very clean
• Variables assigned to region and fuel/unit type characteristics are adjustable
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New Demand Deficit Units• Added to meet demand• Utilization determined on a fuel/unit type basis
(like new state supplied units)• Receive unmet demand• Size/location of Demand Deficit units adjustable
– Places at existing facilities in round robin. • Future temporal profile assigned by region and fuel/unit type• If a Demand Deficit unit is added, the allocation hierarchy is
recalculated and the loop begins at the first hour
First/next hour in the hierarchy
Does capacity meet demand?
Add Demand Deficit unit
Reallocate unit order
Begin at first hour in the hierarchy
Y
N
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Spinning Reserve check
• Following assignment of generation• Check if reserve capacity is available for each
hour in each region• If in any hour there is not reserve capacity
equal 100% of the capacity of the largest unit operating of any fuel type, a flag is raised
Determine reserve capacity needs for that hour
Is unused capacity > reserve capacity ?
Y
NAlert: More capacity neededFirst/next hour
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Results
a. Outputb. Examplesc. Runtime
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Output/Results• Future year “hourly diagnostic file”
– Heat input (mmbtu)– Gross load (MW)– SO2 emissions (lbs)– NOx emissions (lbs)
• File includes 8,760 hours for each:– Existing unit that is not retired– New state supplied unit– New Demand Deficit unit created by the code
• Summary files– demand deficit units summary– Unit level activity enhanced– Pivot table from Unit level activity enhanced
• Post-projection processing: graphs, more summaries, etc• More to follow this afternoon
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Sum of Base year heat input (mmbtu)
Sum of Future year heat input (mmbtu)
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In summary
• The model has been built• Output has been generated• Continuing effort to evaluate output and update
inputs– Demand Deficit units– Unit hierarchies– Exporting to Chemical Transport Models
• Scenarios will be built to evaluate policies and alternate growth scenarios.
Basics of 1.65 Run
• 2007 Base Year CEM data is foundation• Likely the last 2007 based run• Growth based on AEO 2013• Comments from states through March 18st.
(controls, shutdowns, and new units) • Run on VA DEQ cluster with current version of the
model. • Modeling done with state/MJO resources. Zero
contractor dollars.
Future Comment Schedule
• Model is data driven. Good, up to date inputs critical to success.
• Comment windows opens every 4 months. • Current comment window ends June 28th.
– Next comment window Mid October• Comments go through states to Regional Contacts
– Northeast, Wendy Jacobs – CT– LADCO & CENSARA, John Welch – IN– SESARM , Doris McLeod – VA– All other states through MARAMA
2011 Base Case Coming Soon• Need to incorporate newer CEM data to
reflect real changes in generation• Base year emissions inventory for EPA’s
Transport work will be 2011. • Data Group working now to update UAF and
control files to reflect 2011 CEM. • Groups of scenarios will be run this summer
with 2011 base.