Presentation on REDD- Saadullah Ayaz- Pakistan

8/8/2019 Presentation on REDD- Saadullah Ayaz- Pakistan

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Reducing Emissions from Deforestation

and Forest Degradation (REDD/ REDD+)-Potential for Pakistan

IUCN, INTERNATIONAL UNION FOR CONSERVATION OF NATURE

Saadullah Ayaz

Climate Change Coordinator

IUCN- Pakistan

Email: [email protected]


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Forests and Climate Change



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Forests and Climate Change

Forests represent the most significant terrestrial carbon stock

They contain:

77% of all carbon stored in vegetation 39% of all carbon stored in soils(Eliasch Review )


Forests sequester and store more carbon (per hectare) than anyother type of land cover

Accounted for 17.4% of global GHG emission in 2004,

Equivalent to 49 GtCO2 eqv./ yr.

(IPCC- FAR, 2007)


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Forests in UNFCCC Negotiations


REDD-plus negotiations leading up to Copenhagen are widely regarded as one ofmore positive developments


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Concept of REDD/ REDD+



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REDD

Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation

Attempts to recognize role of forests in climate change mitigation

Forests are needed to achieve +2C objective 15- 20% of the problem or 15- 20% of the solution?


Discussed in UNFCCC negotiations as part of post 2012 climateregime

Excluded from Clean Development Mechanism (KP- 2012) Allowed for Annex I countries and under Joint Implementation

Not allowed EU Emissions Trading Scheme


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Scope: Shift in thinking from

avoided deforestation to REDD+ (COP 15)

1. Reducing emissions from deforestation and degradation

Protecting existing forests from immediate and/or medium term threats

2. Conservation:

Protecting existing forests, especially primary forests, including thosethat face no immediate threat from deforestation and degradation but


3. Sustainable management of forests:

Safeguarding, and as appropriate, expanding existing carbon stocks inboth community and industrial working forests against long-termdecline

4. Enhancement of forest carbon stocks:

Not only afforestation and reforestation but broader restoration ofForests


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REDD/ REDD+

Readiness Initiatives

REDD+ readiness relates to the efforts a country is undertaking,


w e suppor o mu a era or a era n a ves,to build its capacity to be ready for a REDD+ mechanism


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UN-REDD Programme

Collaborative initiative (UN, FAO, UNDP) UNEP), launched in September2008. Aims to assist developing countries prepare and implement nationalREDD+ strategies

The Programme currently supports REDD+ readiness activities in nine pilotcountries (Bolivia, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Indonesia, Panama,Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, United Republic of Tanzania, Viet Nam andZambia


13 others to be observers to its Policy Board, and has given them access tomany other benefits of the Programme (networking, participation in regionalworkshops and knowledge sharing, facilitated by the Programmes interactiveonline workspace). They are; Argentina, Ecuador, Cambodia, Costa Rica,Kenya, Mexico, Nepal, Nigeria, Philippines, Republic of Congo, Solomon

Islands, Sri Lanka, Sudan

UN-REDD Programmes Policy Board has approved a total of US$42.6 million


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Activities under

UN-REDD Programme

help develop analyses and guidelines on issues including; measurement,

reporting and verification (MRV) of carbon emissions and flows, ensuringthat forests continue to provide multiple benefits for livelihoods and theenvironment, and supporting the engagement of Indigenous Peoples andCivil Society at all stages of the design and implementation of REDD+


also seeks to build consensus and knowledge about REDD+, to ensure aREDD+ mechanism is included in a post-2012 climate change agreement


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Forest Carbon Partnership Facility

Forest Carbon Partnership Facility (FCPF) (World Bank) assists developing

countries in their efforts to reduce emissions from deforestation and forestdegradation--called REDD+--by providing value to standing forests

builds the capacity of developing countries in tropical and subtropical regions


o re uce em ss ons rom e ores a on an ores egra a on an o ap n o

any future system of positive incentives for REDD+


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REDD/ REDD+ and Pakistan



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Forest Resources of Pakistan

1. Forest Cover (hectares): 1,902,000

2. Forest Cover (as % of total land area): 2.5

3. Other wooded land (hectares): 1,389,000


4. Total land area (hectares): 79,610,000

5. Deforestation (hectares)= 2700/ yr

(does not includes forest degradation)

Data for 1990-2005 (FAO)


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Forest Trends in Pakistan


1990-2005 (FAO)


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Potential for REDD in Pakistan

(avoided deforestation)

Forest+wooded land

Annual forestcoverchange

(Forest+woodedland)

Above-groundbiomass

(Forest+woodedland)

Forest CO2/ha

Aggregate

CO2

emissionsfrom

deforestation

(Forest+

wooded land)

Assuming $3/tCO2Assuming$10/tCO294.74315.8

Assuming $3/tCO2Assuming$10/tCO294.74315.8

Potential REDD earnings


Assuming 100% reduction in deforestation, fully compensated, using FAO carbon

estimates for above ground biomass.

data used for year 2005 and derived from the Forest Resources Assessment andthe State of the World's Forests published by the U.N. Food and AgricultureOrganization

3.291 m ha. 0.208 m ha. 381 Mt 734 t -31.58Mt CO2

Assuming$3/ tCO2

$94.74 m

Assuming$10/ tCO2

$315.8 m


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REDD+ for Pakistan? A Complex Cycle

Total Registered project with CDM- EB (UNFCCC)= 2399 (as of June 2010)

CDM- AR Registered Projects= 8

REDD/ REDD+ = None

Is Pakistan prepared to take up the challenge??


UN Criteria to support REDD initiatives: An expressed willingness to work with the UN-REDD Programme Existing collaboration between the country, the UN partners and other relevant actors in

related areas that will help ensure rapid progress Emission avoidance potential Degree of REDD readiness potential

Regional, biome and socio-economic representation Coordination with international REDD initiatives Potential to provide leadership in sub-regional sharing of experience Ability to contribute experiences to UNFCCC negotiations and development of REDD

mechanisms


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Risks associated with Carbon business

1. Natural/ climatic risks: (disease, growth lower than prediction drought,floods, damaging winds, land slides etc.)

2. Anthropogenic factors: encroachment, poaching, fire

3. Political risks: policy changes, unstable governments


. , ,

prices, changes in opportunity cost of land

5. Risks associated with CER purchaser (willing to pay upfront?)

6. Future of Kyoto??

7. Crediting Period (5 years for forestry)

8. Investment in forestry (is it viable business??)


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9. Management/ ownership issues (influence of black market/feudalism)

10. Baseline data/ methodology development/ monitoring (hugeinvestments)- will it still be viable?

11. Leaka es in carbon bud et if not forests, where shall we cater for


needs? Any alternates?)

12. Long- term involvement of stakes~ easy at it sounds?


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Is it Practical for Pakistan?

Though the REDD policy has been finalized~ modalities and procedures yetto be Clearfield

Not eligible for Kyoto first Commitment Period (2012)

REDD mechanism suitable for Pakistan.


- g ra e o e ores a on- an oppor un ybut can it be reduced? If yes, how and how much??

- How much time we nee to be prepared??

- Is it cost effective??

- Is it socio- politically applicable? If yes, how??

- Administrative and technical capacities?


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REDD/ REDD+ and IUCN



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REDD+ and IUCN

REDD+ is important for IUCN

Our mission: To influence, encourage and assist societies

throughout the world to conserve the integrity and diversity of natureand to ensure that any use of natural resources is equitable andecologically sustainable

Members decisions


IUCNs work on REDD+

Supporting the readiness phase good forest governance Poverty REDD+ Forest Landscape Restoration REDD+ Advocacy and Technical Advice Ecosystem based Adaptation (EbA)

(http://www.iucn.org/what/tpas/climate)


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IUCN for REDD+ (Post COP 15)

IUCN Position Paper for 10th Session of AWG- LCA, May- June 2010, Bonn

IUCN urged Parties to reach an agreement on a REDD-plus mechanismthat recognizes that avoiding greenhouse gas emissions from

deforestation and forest degradation is a necessary component ofachieving deep cuts in all sources of anthropogenic emissions in order tomitigate climate change

IUCN ur ed Parties to ensure that the full sco e of REDD- lus is


respected and supported in the establishment of the mechanism, includingthrough the provision of financial resources and investment


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Concluding.

REDD/ REDD-plus will only achieve results if it is able to beadapted to the individual circumstances of countries

AND


if countries have the political will to adapt policies andmethods to meet the needs of REDD/ REDD-plus

implementation

The Forests Dialogue's initiative- IUCN CMS (2010)


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IUCN- TV VIDEO:Nature-our trusted ally in climate change fight

Duration 5 (mins), 18 (Secs.)


http://www.iucn.org/knowledge/multimedia/video/


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:For more information, please contact:

Saadullah AyazClimate Change Coordinator

IUCN Pakistan

Tel: +92 (51) 2271028- 30

Email: [email protected]

Presentation on REDD- Saadullah Ayaz- Pakistan

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