Presentation File of M.Sc. Thesis

Inventory and Tertiary Treatment of Effluent

from Textile Industries in BangladeshThe use of a new system combining an enhanced

coagulation, flocculation and filtration

M.A.H. BadshaSupervisor:

Prof. J.B. van Lier

Mentor(s):

C.M. Hooijmans

H.A. Garcia Hernandez Delft, April 14, 2015

Introduction

Effluent from textile industries is a great concern in

Bangladesh, because

• High TDS

• Chemical dyes

Major impacts:

o Causing health consequences

o Damaging agricultural lands

o Killing aquatic lives

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Source: http://oecotextiles.wordpress.com/2009/09/01/dyes-synthetic-and-natural/

Problem Statement

• Efficient technology to remove color is expensive

• Limited space for up-gradation

• Unplanned expansion of textile industry in rural areas

As a result, integration of a compact, low cost and

efficient technology to remove colour from textile

effluent is desired.

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Existing ETP of Masco Industries Ltd

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Inlet Collection Tank Aeration Tank

Secondary Clarifier EC Skid DAF unit

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Compact Treatment System

Figure: Schematic of the polishing unit using AFM grains (Dryden Aqua, 2014)

APF- All Poly Floc (mixer of poly aluminum chloride and poly electrolytes)

ZPM- Zeta Potential Mixer (static mixer)

Research Questions

What technologies are available and in operation

to treat textile waste-waters in Bangladesh?

What is the colour removal performance of a

treatment system using AFM and APF with

effluent from an existing wastewater treatment

plant at a textile industry?

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Research Objectives

The specific objectives of the proposed study are:

1. Make an overview of the available technologies

2. Study the adsorption capacity of colour by AFM

3. Study the effect of different flow rates on the

performance of the AFM filter media

4. Compare the performance of APF and a conventional

coagulant

5. Study the performance of the local sand against AFM

6. Run a pilot AFM system at Masco Industries Ltd

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Research Methodology

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Observe the removal rate of colour by adsorption,

coagulation-flocculation and filtration

Sample collection and characterization

Results and Discussion

Conclusions

Batch studies

Inventory Study

Column studies

Pilot study at Masco Ind. Ltd

Inventory Study

Poor treatment facility

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(a) No overflow in the primary clarifier (b) Paddy field surrounded

by ETP (c) No overflow in secondary clarifier (d) No flow meter

Inventory Study

Sludge Management

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(a) Filter press out of operation (b) Limited space for SDB (c) Dry sludge on

SDB (d) Sludge ready to dispose

Batch Studies

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Wastewater Sample AFM grade-1

Adsorption Test Optimum Coagulant Dosage

Batch Adsorption Test Result

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0%

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0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110

24 hr 48 hr 72 hr Natural Degradation

Rem

ov

al

Eff

icie

ncy

(%

)

AFM Mass (gm)

Optimum Dosing of Coagulant “APF”

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0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90 1.00 1.10 1.20 1.30

Rem

ov

al

Eff

icie

ncy

(%

)

APF Dosage (ml/L)

Column StudiesSchematic of the Column Set-up

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Column Set-up at the Lab

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Results of Column Studies(only feed water without coagulation-flocculation)

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Thousands

Removal Efficiency Colour Concentration

Filtrate Volume (ml)

Rem

ov

al

Eff

icie

ncy

(%

)

Co

nce

ntr

ati

on

(Pt.

Co

.)

Initial Color = 282 Pt.Co.

Initial Flow Rate = 315 ml/min

Effect of Different Flow Rates(fed with supernatant after coagulation-flocculation with APF)

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Removal % for F1 Removal % for F2 Removal % for F3

Color Concen. (F1) Color Concen. (F2) Color Concen. (F3)

Rem

ov

al

Eff

icie

ncy

(%

)

Time (min)

Co

nce

ntr

ati

on

(P

t.C

o.)

Initial Color = 482 Pt.Co., Supernatant = 184 Pt.Co.

F1 = 120ml/min, F2 = 220ml/min and F3 = 350ml/min

Performance of the Column(fed with supernatant after coagulation-flocculation with APF and Aluminium)

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0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90

Removal % (APF) Removal % (Aluminium)

Color Concen.(APF) Color Concen.(Aluminium)

Rem

ov

al

Eff

icie

ncy

(%

)

Time (min)

Co

nce

ntr

ati

on

(P

t.C

o.)

Initial Color = 572 Pt.Co., Supernatant (using Aluminium)= 382 Pt.Co.,

Supernatant (using APF) = 207 Pt.Co. and Flow Rate = 315ml/min

Performance of Sand and AFM (fed with supernatant after coagulation-flocculation with APF)

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Removal % (Sand) Removal % (AFM)

Color Concen.(Sand) Color Concen.(AFM)

Time (min)

Rem

ov

al

Eff

icie

ncy

(%

)

Co

nce

ntr

ati

on

(P

t.C

o.)

Initial Color = 479 Pt.Co., Supernatant = 119 Pt.Co. and Flow Rate = 315ml/min

Backwash Efficiency with Fresh Water(fed with supernatant after coagulation-flocculation with APF)

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Removal % (used AFM media) Removal % (fresh AFM media)

Color Concen.(used AFM) Color Concen.(fresh AFM)

Rem

ov

al

Eff

icie

ncy

(%

)

Time (min)

Co

nce

ntr

ati

on

(P

t.C

o.)

Initial Color = 257 Pt.Co., Supernatant = 64 Pt.Co. and Flow Rate = 315ml/min

Pilot Study at Masco Ind. Ltd

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Filter Tank APF Dosing Pump Storage Tank

Result of the Pilot Study

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Removal % Color Concentration

Time (min)

Rem

ov

al

Eff

icie

ncy

( %

)

Co

nce

ntr

ati

on

(P

t.C

o.)

Initial Color = 549 Pt.Co. and Flow Rate = 1m3/h

Discharge

Standard

(In-situ coagulation-flocculation and filtration)

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Removal % (sludge) Color Concentration

Time (sec)

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ov

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Eff

icie

ncy

(%

)

Co

nce

ntr

ati

on

(P

t.C

o.)

Backwash Efficiency

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Flow Rate = 12m3/h

Proposed Treatment Scheme

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AFM System

Conclusions

Regarding the overview on the existing treatment technology:

o Illegal discharge of wastewater

o poorly managed and often non-operational

o coloured effluent is being discharged without any tertiary treatment

o Sludge management is important and needs immediate attention

Regarding activated filter media (AFM) and APF dosing:

o The AFM media has no significant adsorption capacity (with and without

APF dosing)

o APF is a good coagulant compared to aluminium

o Performance of local sand is better than AFM filter media

o Coagulation and flocculation followed by a clarifier could be good enough

Regarding AFM system

o Not suitable as a tertiary treatment system to remove color at a textile

industry

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