Presentation English VI

7/28/2019 Presentation English VI

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PRODUCTION

EXPLORATION

PERFORATION


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HYDROCARBON EXPLORATIONIs the search by petroleumgeologists and geophysicists for hydrocarbon dep

osits beneath the earth's surface, suchas oil and natural gas. Oil and gas exploration aregrouped under the science of petroleum geology.


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The exploration method most used in the oilindustry is the seismic reflection


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Finally, when a prospect has been identified andevaluated and passes the oil company's selection criteria,

an exploration well is drilled in an attempt toconclusively determine the presence or absence of oil orgas.


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Percussion rotary air blast drilling RAB drilling is used most frequently in the mineral exploration industry. (This

tool is also known as a Down-the-hole drill.) The drill uses a pneumaticreciprocating piston-driven "hammer" to energetically drive a heavy drill bitinto the rock.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Down-the-hole_drillhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Well_spudder_8606.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Down-the-hole_drillhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Down-the-hole_drillhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Down-the-hole_drillhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Down-the-hole_drillhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Down-the-hole_drillhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Down-the-hole_drillhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Down-the-hole_drill


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EQUIPMENT FOR THE DRILLING Adrilling rig is a machine which creates holes in the ground. Drilling

rigs can be massive structures housing equipment used to drill waterwells, oil wells, or natural gas extraction wells, or they can be smallenough to be moved manually by one person.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Borehole_Drilling_Rig_in_Operation_in_North_Yorkshire,_Nov_2012.jpg


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Drill String Components.Drill pipe: (16)Drill pipe is aportion of the overall drillstring.Drill Bit: (#26) is a deviceattached to the end of the drillstring that breaks apart the rockbeing drilled. It contains jetsthrough which the drilling fluidexits.Mud motor: a hydraulicallypowered device positioned just

above the drill bit used to spinthe bit independently from therest of the drill string.


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Mud pump: (#4) reciprocal type of pump used to circulate drillingfluid through the system.

Mud tanks: (#1) often called mud pits, provides a reserve store ofdrilling f luid until it is required down the wellbore. Centrifuge: an industrial version of the device that separates fine silt

and sand from the drilling f luid. Solids control: solids control equipments for preparing drilling mud

for the drilling rig.

Chain tongs:wrench with a section of chain, that wraps aroundwhatever is being tightened or loosened. Similar to a pipe wrench.

Degasser: a device that separates air and/or gas from the drilling fluid. Desander / desilter: contains a set of hydrocyclones that separate

sand and silt from the drilling f luid. Drawworks: (#7) is the mechanical section that contains the spool,

whose main function is to reel in/out the drill line to raise/lower thetraveling block(#11).


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The extraction of petroleum is the process by which usable petroleum is

extracted and removed from the earth.

An oil well is a general term for any boring through the Earth's surface that is designedto find and acquire petroleum oil hydrocarbons. Usually some natural gas is producedalong with the oil. A well that is designed to produce mainly or only gas may be termed

a gas well.


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The production stage is the most important stage of a well's life, when the oil and gasare produced. By this time, the oil rigs and workover rigs used to drill and completethe well have moved off the wellbore, and the top is usually outfitted with a collectionof valves called.


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WELL STIMULATION

stimulation of a well is defined as the process by which isrestored or created an extensive system of canals in theproduction of a reservoir rock that serve to facilitate theflow of formation fluids into the well, or in reverse.


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stimulation objectives: for producing wells, oil production increase.

for injection wells, increasing the injection of fluidssuch as water, gas or steam, and secondary recovery

processes and improved, optimizing flow patterns.


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IMPORTANCE OF STIMULATION. Has been possible to improve the

production of oil and gas and even,increase recoverable reserves.

Has become a standard practice, andcurrently can not there is currentlyno producer hole or injector which

has not been stimulated at leastonce.

Significant percentage ofhydrocarbon reserves, has beenpossible to produce economically

through stimulation. Over the years, the technology

associated with stimulation hasgreatly enriched, developingmethods, materials and equipment

to stimulate any deposits.

Presentation English VI

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