Presentation by Prof. Chandan Ghosh.pdf

3/19/2018

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FLEXIBLE RESERVOIR SYSTEM OF STORING

WATER FOR MUNICIPAL/INDUSTRIAL USAGE

(FEW SOCIAL ENGINEERING MEASURES)

Prof. Chandan Ghosh, PhD(IIT-K), Dr. Engg (Japan)

http://disasterresilientindia.blogspot.in/

https://www.facebook.com/chandan.ghosh.9887117

https://twitter.com/cghosh24

Email: [email protected]

The Digestate and Slurry storage bag is delivered on a pallet

and comes in sizes from 1,000 litres to 500,000 litres.

Context

� Rain water (dry ..200mm as high as 13m/yr)

� Flood (rainy season..raining 10 months!!) vs. drought

� Feeding water to cities from 400-500km!

� Urban flood – new issue, even in Rajasthan!

� Water management – Flexi Reservoirs on River BED, cpastal areas

� Converting saline water by robust RO system

� Rain water harvesting – new tech (cost as high as Rs 6lakh for 2lakh litre vs. Rs 1000 for the same

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Disaster – natural or man-

made or both!

All Hazards are always there

– we can’t change much but

disaster is..our own

creation ..so we have to be

partner in making our living

and learning sustainable…

Untreated Sewerage at ITO meeting River

Yamuna at 1km away..YAP-I, YAP-II, YAP-III..

Who’s the culprit? It’s We and our system

� Even these sewerages are being packed for yrs to decompose (anaerobically) in open space..no safety tank!

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Srinagar flood – Sept 6 2015,

Cost factor..for alternative

Channel� …..Officials said the construction of an

alternative flood-spill channel, which is

estimated to run a distance of 80-km, has

been hit by lack of funding. The channel will

approximately cost Rs 18,000 crore out of

which Rs 13,500 crore will have to be spent on

land acquisition and compensation.

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Flood routing options-

potential storage using

Membrane

Mulla-Periyar dam – Kerala

(Storage to be increased or not!!)

� A dam is a barrier that impounds water or

underground streams. Dams generally serve

the primary purpose of retaining water, while

other structures such

as floodgates or levees (also known as dikes)

are used to manage or prevent water flow

into specific land regions.

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BY

PROF. CHANDAN GHOSH

DAM safety-Issues & disaster

Preparedness

Traditional water

conservation method…

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Do we need Dams or look for

some environment friendly

ways..these are the lost art

now!

Water scarcity…

is one of the major crises which has

overarching implications for other

world problems especially

poverty, hunger, ecosystem

degradation, desertification,

climate change, threatening world

peace and security

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….there is only about 1/6 of

the runoff used by human in

the world and about half of

all available fresh water on

the earth runs into the sea

from coastlines where the

fresh water mixes with

saltwater.

Mitigation Options:

1. desalination plants;

2. water detention (like

rainwater tanks for

collection and reuse);

3. wastewater reuse;

4. dams and reservoirs

5. Coastal reservoirs

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Coastal storage tanks-

Philpines

How to store surplus water? On

River Bed!! Our Standards are

???

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Use of Geomembrane in water

storage..

Advantages of flexi membrane

for storing water� Quick and simple installation.

� Mobile and foldable; excellent for logistics.

� Completely stable system; flat and level ground is the only requirement.

� Available in several sizes and volumes.

� No earthworks, projects or licences required.

� Eliminates evaporation, avoiding algae and insect emergence.

� No oxidation and free from any external pollution.

� Eliminates odours from manure and other effluents.

� High chemical resistance to oils and all kinds of agricultural and industrial

effluents.

� High mechanical resistance in a wide range of temperatures from -30° to +60°C.

� Designed to last over 25 years.

� 10 year warranty on materials.

� 100% recyclable

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Use of membrane for

industry..� Industry

� Minerals oils.

� Waste water storage.

� Industrial chemicals & effluents

� Onshore drilling

Industry

•Minerals oils.•Waste water storage.•Industrial chemicals & effluents•Onshore drilling

Rain water should not meet

the sea. It should be fully

utilised by us inland..

� Flood and drought – a contrast and

happening in the country

perennially..our effort should be to

devise technique to minimise the

GAP..

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Erosion-induced slopes failure :

Do our bookish learning do any

good!!! Where is scope for

Sustainable development?

Allowing sweet water to meet Ocean – a sinful

negligence; these can be preserved without

much cost!

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Coastal reservoir – cost

(affordable)

Drought & Flood – A contrast

� Man made or natural?

� Drought Management is to reduce water

use during a drought consistent with the

goals and objectives of the Water Resources

Management Strategy. .

� Flood – how to live with flood?

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Effective drought preparedness plans

� Population changes;

� Population shifts (region to region and rural to urban);

� Demographic characteristics;

� Environmental awareness (or lack thereof);

� Level of technology;

� Wisdom and applicability of government policies;

� Land management practices; and

� Social behavior.

Demand Management (Drought)

� Public information and education campaigns

� Emergency conservation programs

� Water service restrictions

� Restrictions on nonessential uses of water

� Prohibition of selected commercial uses

� Drought emergency pricing

� Water rationing programs

� Augmentation

� Improvements in water systems (for example, leak detection, lining of transmission canals)

� Emergency sources of supply (for example, emergency interconnections, drilling new wells)

� Management of available water resources (for example, emergency water banks, overdrafting of groundwater aquifers)

� Search for new supplies of water

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PPT highlights:

Water storage infrastructure is an

indispensable tool for mitigation

of, and adaptation to, drought

and climate change.

Planning: Drought Plan Components

� Monitoring and early warning

� Assess, communicate, and trigger action

� Cannot manage what is not monitored

� Information system

Vulnerability assessment

� Who and what is at risk and why?

� Impacts

Mitigation and response actions

� Actions/programs that reduce risk and

� impacts and enhance recovery

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How to manage sweet water?

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Tackling River erosion by Vetiver

grass

Pond with MNREGA scheme

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Water storage by geomembrane

Making Geomembrane pond…

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Foldable water tanks

Cleaning water and desilting

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Storing Flood water by

Ballooning

Living with Flood- protection

barriers

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http://www.floodsax.co.uk/flood

sax/in-action/

Do we need dam to store

excess water on river bed ?

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How to store surplus water? On

River Bed!!

Storm water management

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River linking – Limca book

of records� Pattiseema pipe line project by AP, linking

Godavari and Krishna

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Lining of canal – Vetiver

grass..cost !

Canal lining by Grass,

permanent solutions, no cost!

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Geo-tube for shore

protection..low cost, no skills!

Kalpasagar project - Gujarat

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How Should We Deal with Our

Conflicts Over Water Resources?

“Come together, speak in concord, let your

minds comprehend alike, let our efforts be

united, let our hearts be in agreement, let our

minds be united so that we all live in peace.” –

Riga Veda

We don’t know many aspects

of Bio-world ..but together

we can make life sustainable

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Thanks