Presentation 3 Generation x

Born 1965 – 1981 Currently 30yrs – 46yrs

On no…it’s

Generation X


What is this?

This presentation is one of five presentations outlining our understanding

of Generational perspectives

1. The Theory of Generations

2. Boomers

3. Generation X

4. Generation Y, or Millenials

5. Applying generational perspectives to Marketing


introduction Childhood

Instability

Individualism

Marketing

What do they look like now?


A reminder… Nomads Generational X archetype….

• ratty

• tough

• unwanted

• diverse

• adventurous

• cynical

Childhood was experienced

• Without religion

• Rising crime rates

• Weakening family values


Why are they called Generation X?

“This generation is

underemployed,

intensely private

and unpredictable”

Douglas Coupland, Generation X, 1991

X refers to the lost, disenfranchised, nihilism felt by this generation

It was popularised by Douglas Coupland’s book…


What has been written about them?

Symptoms that have long been commonly attributed to

Generation X

• Cynicism, alienation, amorality

• Childlessness, pessimism, distrustful


Childhood: How were they made to feel this way?

Generation X children were valued less than Boomer children

This was manifest in many ways

• Culture: Film

• Politics: Social policy

• Parenting: Detached


Childhood: Culture and film • During Generation X childhood, ‘Devil Child’ Films became popular

• 1965 Children of the damned

• 1968 Rosemary’s Baby

• 1973 The Exorcist

• 1974 It's Alive!

• 1976 The Omen

• 1976 Carrie

• 1978 Halloween

• 1978 Omen II

• 1980 Friday the 13th

In total 22 popular films were made…since 1982 there have been 9 Source: IMBD


Childhood: Politics

Tightening UK welfare state measures penalised parents

• Benefits were reduced and means testing was increasingly used

• The real value of child benefit reduced from 1975 - 1983

• In 1980 the Education Act relaxed the provision of milk and meals and

limited free school meals to children receiving supplementary benefits or

family income supplement

• The UK government was increasingly preoccupied with pensions


Childhood: Parenting was Detached

• Family values deteriorated

Rising divorce rates (peaked in 1993)

Delaying birth until later….

Numbers marrying falling

Numbers remarrying rising

Increase in step families (social vs. biological parenting)

• For those born in 1970, by the age of 5, 9% had experienced family

disruption*

• Generation X kids childhood was often insecure and unpredictable

*Source: Osborne and Milbank 1987


Instability: Lack of Stability

• Cold War kids

• Most Gen X remember Ronald Reagan and President Gorbachov

• Gen X childhood was full of newspaper headlines that sensationalised the

nuclear threat

• The nuclear mushroom cloud was etched on the mind of every child and

teenager


Instability: Emerging world concern • During the early 80’s the Ethiopian famine highlighted African poverty

• Gen X-ers were confronted by disaster and parents inadvertently induced

guilt about their own childhoods

“eat up your meal, there are children in Africa…”

• However, Boomer pop stars and musicians galvanised a suitably reactivist

response in the form of Live Aid


Instability: Economic instability • Margaret Thatchers monetary policy had a major impact on the country

• The new economy in the square mile was impressive

• But it left huge depression in many parts of the country

• Key issues were

Spiralling interest rates

Unemployment (3 million)

Industry closure

Strikes, notably the miners strike


Instability:Recent BBC Blog on Xer

coming of age

……..Going into the job centre where the cards were yellow with age, asking why they weren't

taken down and being told that then there would be no cards at all. Unemployment marches,

anti-nuclear marches and the forlorn chant of Maggie, Maggie, Maggie, out, out, out. Tax cuts

for the rich, job cuts for the working class. The introduction of cash machines, the rise of aids

and heroin addiction. Watching the Falklands war on television, the marriage of Charles and

Di. Riots on the streets, many of which were never reported, supposedly to prevent copycat

riots. All in all, a decade which served only to induce severe depression in most people.


Instability: Can we play? No.

• In 1985 AIDS was diagnosed

• Via a government campaign and media spotlight it soon found its way

into mainstream consciousness

• At school, college and university Xers were warned about unsafe sex

and needles

• However confusion reigned and rumours spread about saliva –

meaning kissing was a potential threat!


Individualism: De-classing

• During the 80’s and 90’s the UK became less class focussed

• This was a direct influence of Generation X disenfranchised view of society

• The fall out was a more democratic view of the population

Income became the new status indicator


The rise of individualism • Another key aspect of the Xer 80’s environment was the rise of individualism

• This was driven by Thatcherism

“Roll back the frontiers of the state that stifles individual initiative and

watch the genius of the British people flourish”

Margaret Thatcher, 1981

• Over the decade

Owning a property became more realisable

Privatisation meant stock ownership increased

New business start ups rose by 110% in 1985*

*Source: DTI SME Bureaux


The rise of individualism

• The fall out on culture over the decade meant…

Income distribution became increasingly polarised

A strong work ethic emerged

Materialism increased

Yuppies!

Dinky’s!


Individualism: Music genre!


The rise of individualism

Youth culture was becoming more complex

• Music became increasingly fragmented

Birth of Punk

Birth of Hip Hop

Birth of Rave

Birth of New romantic

• Fashion and fashion labels became more accessible

High street fashion chains

Sports fashion was born


Increasingly tribal behaviour

• As influences from other countries became prominent

• As previous youth generation trends were revisited

• As new trends were forged

A new, increasingly fragmented marketing

target emerged


In a word…

Me, myself and I (to quote a popular hip hop group of the 80’s)


Marketing The birth of green marketing New formats, new tastes


Marketing

Levis groundbreaking ad changed relationships with advertising


Marketing

Others began to use analogy rather than directs sales messages


What do they look like now?


What’s an Xer look like now?

• Oldest is 46 (Born in 1965)

• Xers are about 22% of the population – the smallest group of all

living generations

• Higher social grade than population as whole

AB 28% (22% UK norm)

C1 30% (30%)

C2 18% (15%)

D 18% (17%)

E 5% (16%)

22% Single; 72% in relationship

67% have children

73% own their home


Boomers vs. Generation X When those born in 1954 reached 30 (Baby Boomers)

Gen X

• 12.5% were single and never wed 19.5 %

• 10% were cohabiting 20 %

• 70% were married 54 %

• 81 % of women had a child 69%

• 18 % shared the cooking 29%

• 21 % shared the cleaning 29%

• 11 % shared ironing and laundry 21%

• 27 % of women were housewives 19%

• 68 % of women had paid work 74%

• 70 % ate as a family daily 63%

• 23 % of people rate happiness as nine out of 10 or better 26%

*Source: Economic and Social Research Council


Cynicism is apparent...

8

9

20

28

20

28

30

37

24

23

21

15

10

12

10

1 - Strongly agree 2 3 4 5 - Strongly disagree

Source: Logistix IQ800 August 2007 data

I feel that my generation has had a good impact on the world

Generation Y

Generation X

Boomers


What’s an Xer look like now?

Single lives predominate

Few large families

Gender roles are blurred

Wealthy

Presentation 3 Generation x

Self Improvement