PREPOSITION - Kaizenadda

PREPOSITION

Preposition =Pre + Position (Position EAC COUT

wEST Pre NORTH

Pre=Before (or)Beginning Subject

Subject is used in the beginning of a sentence.

Preposition tells us about the position ofa subject/ an

object or relation with other words in a sentence.

Ex: Subject Preposition Subject

The pen is kept on the table.

What is thel position of the pen?

Ans: On the table.

Ex: Some times Preposition tells the position of object.

You have kept your money in the bank.

Obiect

What is the position of your money ?

Ans: In the bank.

(Uses of Preposition

Preposition of motion

To-Indicates motion. 1. She goes to school every day.

He returns back to his house. 2.

Into= Into

In Inside|| to = Motion The tiger goes into the jungle. (Inside with motion)

into ineide with mo+ion

On +To = Onto Anybody [or] anything with motion comes and stays. The mouse jumped onto the table [one table to other one] 1.

Up +To Upto [In motion from down to up and then stay at a place.] The cat climbed upto the tree.

go up With mo+ion

stay on place and

Since / For / By Since and for are used in 'Perfect Tenses' only. Since = Point of time. [ 5 O' clock/ Sunday/1996/ January] For = Period of time [1 hour/ 1 week/1 year/ 1 month] by +time = Future Perfect Tense

1. She had started creating problems since TPast Perfect

last Monday. TPoint of time.

2. You have been writing a letter for 2 hours. TPresent Perfect Continuous

2.

TPeriod of time

3. They will have completed the work by1999. Future Perfect Tenset TPoint of time

4. My brother has solved his problem|since January. Present Perfectt Point of timet

for 10 minutes. 5. You had been singing a song

TPast Perfect Continuous TPeriod

Between & Among Between = In the middle of two persons, things etc.

Among= More than two persons, things etc.. 1. Radha is sitting between Sita & Gita [two persons]

[1] [2

The politician is standing among the four quards._more than 2 persons

My bungalow is located between the hospital and the scho0l. [Two

4, The chair is kept among so many tables. [Many]

TIME' PLACE At+point of time / festivalAt +small town / country/ city area.

etc. at 5 0' clock /at Christmas at Andheri.

Mumbai

IN

TIME PLACE

In +Part of day / season In +big town/ large area /Capital

years/monthsetc. Metropolitan & big cities etc.

She eats breakfastinj the morning. She stays at Andheri in Mumbai

In+Time In+ Metropolitan city

Prepositions that contrast each other

Of & OffE

Off & Of are opposite to each other.

Off = Separation

Of = No Separation

The ornament is made lof silver.

[You cannot separate silver from the ornament]

The crown is made of white gold. [You cannot separate white gold from the crown]

Off Separation

Example: 1. He jumped off the horse.

[Separated from horse]

2. You put (off the light. 2.

[No light

In / Within In = at the end of Within = before the end point.

Ishall finish this work in a month. [At the end of month]

I shall finish this work within a month. [Before the end of month]

Into & Out of Into and out of are opposite to each other.

Into =inside with motion.

Opposite

Out of outside with motion.

He jumped into the well to save her. [Inside with motion] He took her out from the well. [Outside with motion]

Under & Over

They are opposite to each othe.

Over

Under

Under = down without touching (upper) part.

Opposite

Over = up = without touching ( lower) part.

1. The book is lying under the table.

Book is not in touch with the table]

2. The bridge is over the river.

For /Against

They have opposite meanings

Against= Oppose. For=In favour of / Support

He is always|against|his friends. [Oppose]

She has kept fish for you.

Similar Types of Prepositions

Differences

Below Under Under = Vertically lower. Below Lower than. [anywhere]

His leg is defective below the knees. She is sitting under the tree.

To TowardsS To = destination Towards= direction

She goes towards) school and meets her friend on the way.

She goes to school.

[She does not reach the school ]

SCHOOL

TA

Above Over [Both indicate higher than]

Ahove = Higher than. [Anywhere]Over = Vertically higher.

There is a camp at the hilltop bove the valley.

If you stand under this tree you

will find a bunch of mangoes over

your head.

Beside Besides

Beside = near. Besides = in addition to. She wants to buy pens

y house is located beside the school.

[near the school].

besides pencils.

SCHOO4

With

By = Passive voice for person.

By With instrument.

He killed a tiger with a gun.

he lion is killed by Harry.

Passive Voice]

[instrument).

Behind After

Behind= Place After = time.| She always stands behind Carol in the house. [Place]

My brother will come after

50' clock. [time]

3

Opposite In front of Opposite = Facing each other.|In front of= Same direction

Peter is standing opposite to James Peter is standing in frot of James. (Facing each other)

[Opposite direction [Both are facing same direction)

Peter James) Peter James

During While (Conjunction)

During+Noun or Adjective While+Subject & Verb Noun Subject Verb

I was sleeping during the match. | I did not say anything while Was playing.

Along Across She is walking along the The old man swam across the river. seashore. [From one side to another] [Parallel]

m

By Hick sits by the fire.

[Nearness] About

She is about to catch the bus.

Than Comparison

Sony is more intelligent than Dick.

Through = Across /in the interior of

e Dus is passing through the tunnel. [ From one side to the another 1 The bus i

You went through sufferings. side to the another ]

Beyond This work is beyond my capacity. Your English is beyond his understanding

Up to Up "Higher To = Motion My brother climbs up to the top of the hill.

Day On+day = on Monday / on Friday I on Friday morning. in = number + period] Ex: in+number+ day / week/ month/ year etc./ hours. On + day 1. Ishall write a letter in 4 days. 2. He will finish his project in2 years.

DuoN

n4NoDa 3. You have to solve the problem in a month.

Kinds of Prepositions 373. Prepositions may be arranged in the following classes:

(1) Simple Prepositions at, by, for, from, in, of, off, on, out, through, till, to, up, with.

I wille you to

(2) Compound Prepositions which are generally forméd by prefixing a Preposition (usually a = no or be = by) to a Noun, an Adjective or an Adverb.

About, above, across, along, amidst, among, amongst, around, before, behind, below, beneath, beside, betsreen, beyond, inside, outside, underneath, within, without.

(3) Phrase Prepositions (Groups of words used with the force of a single preposition.) according to agreeably to along with away from because of

in accordance with in addition to

in place of in reference to

Can I get some sauce

in (on) behalf of along with it? in regard to in spite of

instead of

in case of

by dint of by means of by reason of by virtue of by way of conformably to for the sake of

in comparison to

in compliance with in consequence of in course of

in favour of in front of

in the event of on account of

owing to with a view to with an eye to with reference to in lieu of

in order to with regard to He succeede

375. Several words are used sometimes as Adverbs and sometimes as Prepositions. A word is a Preposition when governs a noun or pronoun ; it is an Adverb when it does not.

Adverb Preposition Go, and run about. I could not come before. Has he come in?

Don't loiter about the street. I came the day before yesterday. Is he in his room ? The driver jumped off the car.

The book lies on the table.

The wheel came ofj. Let us move on.

His father arrived soon after. Take this parcel over to the postoffice.

After a month he returned. He rules over a vast empire. I have not slept since yesterday.

T have not seen him since.

Fill in blanks with suitable Prepositions:

The dog ran .. **************mnermsssunAa*smurnn ..the road

The river flows .. ******* ..the bridge.

The work was done. .haste.

He is afraid. .the dog.

5 I am fond .music. * *************************

He goes. .Sunday. ... church.

He died. ..his country.

8The steam-engine was invented.. .ames Watt.

The burglar jumped .. .the compound wall.

10 The village was destroyed .fire.

What is that . me?

12 It cannot be done. ...offence. *****************************

.Urdu. 13 He spoke. **#UMBuRamuuC

14 They live .. .the same roof. ********

15 I have not seen him.. Wednesday last.

16 I have known him. ***************************NsuC long time.

..its own light. 17 The moon does not shine..

18 This is a matter . .ittle importance.

19 Iam tired.. ..walking.

...his illness. 20 He has not yet recovered ssanuammammmuamus

21 I shall do it... unnuwu*********"**"*. pleasure.

22 God is good.. ****************suuamemwsmuaumullt.

23 I will sit... *suunnuwauuuanuun***Aume my desk to do my lesson.

2 I am sorry. **mBUMMAnuuumuuuauaumwa*n*w****** ...what I have done.

25 O God ! Keep me. n***uumw*s**** .sin. ******"**#n**

26 I bought it ... uuuousnaanmunuuns***wwou** seventy rupees.