Research Journal of Engineeri Vol. 6(1), 5-11, January (2017) International Science Community Associa Preparation and character from Prosopis Julif Gokul V. Mahajan * , Fe Department of Chemical Engineeri Avai Received 28 th Novem Abstract Activated carbon (AC) was developed fr thermal activation. The raw material was c by thermal activation at 800 0 C. Chemical area and porosity have been estimated characterized by nitrogen adsorption mea 0.163 cm³/g and pore size 1.55 nm which surface functional groups were investiga analysis was carried out to determine th morphology of activated carbon was perf identification of crystalline nature of the and inorganic pollutants from Industrial w Keywords: Activated carbon, Carboniz activation. Introduction Activated carbon (AC) is a solid material, bl highly porous in nature, and a well establishe micro porosity, higher surface area and large greater extent of surface reactivity 1 . Dependi nature, it is available in various forms such powdered form, fibrous form and pellet form 2 can also be divided on the basis of size of (pore size greater than 50 nm), meso pore (50 2 nm) and micro pore (pore size less than 2 n employed for the treatment of Industrial waste harmful components like heavy metals 3,4 , dyes residues 7, 8 and purification of drinking water not only for gas phase adsorption but also adsorption 10. However, the liquid-phase app more significant compared to gas phase applic AC can be synthesized by either a phys Chemical activation method 12 . Chemical activ process in which the raw precursor is im chemical, an activating agent, followed Commonly used chemicals, as activating age acid (H 2 SO 4 ), Phosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4 ), Ni Potassium hydroxide (KOH), Zinc chloride (Z carbonate (Na 2 CO 3 ). Physical activation is a in which carbonization takes place first follo AC is generally prepared from a carbonace ing Sciences ____________________________________ ) ation rization of micro porous activated flora with chemical and thermal a emina A., K.M. Meera Sheriffa Begum and N. Anantha ing, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli-620015, T [email protected]ilable online at: www.isca.in, www.isca.me ember 2016, revised 8 th January 2017, accepted 18 th January 201 rom Prosopis juliflora wood by carbonization, chemica carbonized at 600 0 C, then impregnated with potassium h l and physical properties like moisture content, volatile m to determine the quality of AC as an adsorbent. T asurement at 77 K, obtaining BET surface area 748.914 h indicate that the activated carbon synthesized was mic ated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy techniq he thermal stability of activated carbon with respect to formed by Scanning Electron Microscopy. X-ray powde prepared activated carbon. The prepared sample can b waste water. zation, Prosopis juliflora, Potassium hydroxide, Chem black in colour and ed adsorbent due to e pore volume and ing on its physical as granular form, 2 . Activated carbon pores: macro pore 0 nm > Pore size > nm). AC has been te water, to remove s 5, 6 pharmaceutical r 9 . AC can be used o for liquid phase plication of AC is cations 11 . sical activation or vation is a one step mpregnated with a by carbonization. ents, are Sulphuric itric acid (HNO 3 ), ZnCl 2 ) and Sodium two stage process owed by activation. eous material like wood, coal, lignite and agro resi sugarcane bagasse 13 , rice husk 3 , c pomegranate shell 15 , banana peel 16 a Prosopis juliflora chosen for prepar is a type of weed 18 . This thorny sh ground water as it depletes the le tendency to absorb groundwater an water by absorbing it from atmosph species can co-exist with Prosopis to water bodies such as lake, river this research, Prosopis juliflora wo precursor for the preparation of Prosopis juliflora wood was carrie impregnation with KOH. After im subjected to thermal activation at below take place during KOH impr and activation process 21 : CnHxOy + KOH → (CnHx-1Oy-K) The semi carbonization is the first s (CnHx-1Oy-K) → Char (+K) + Tar Char usually includes < 80% carbon percentage of Hydrogen. Phenols, Acetic acid, Methano hydrocarbons are the components components are H 2 O, CO 2 , CO. ________ ISSN 2278 – 9472 Res. J. Engineering Sci. 5 carbon prepared activation araman Tamilnadu, India 17 al activation followed by hydroxide (KOH) followed matter, ash content, surface The resulting sample was 4 m 2 /g, micro pore volume cro porous in nature. The ques. Thermo gravimetric temperature. The surface er diffraction was used for be used to remove organic mical activation, Thermal idues like tamarind wood 12 , coconut shell 1 , palm shell 14 , and coir pith 17 . ring AC in this present study hrub has a serious impact on evel of water since it has a nd in its absence, it consumes heric moisture. No other plant Juliflora 19 . It is a great threat r and irrigation systems 20 . In ood has been selected as raw AC. The carbonization of ed out at 600 0 C followed by mpregnation, the sample was 800 0 C. The reactions given regnation with raw precursor ) + H 2 O (1) step and it can be shown as: rs + Gases (2) n; Oxygen (15-20%) and less ol, (CH 3 ) 2 CO, and other s of tar. The major gaseous
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Research Journal of Engineering
Vol. 6(1), 5-11, January (2017)
International Science Community Association
Preparation and characterization of micro porous activated carbon prepared
from Prosopis Juliflora Gokul V. Mahajan
*, Femina A
Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli
AvailableReceived 28th November
Abstract
Activated carbon (AC) was developed from Prosopis juliflora
thermal activation. The raw material was carbonized at 600
by thermal activation at 800 0C. Chemical and physical properties like moisture
area and porosity have been estimated to determine the quality of AC as an adsorbent.
characterized by nitrogen adsorption measurement at 77 K, obtaining BET surface area 748.914 m
0.163 cm³/g and pore size 1.55 nm which indicate that the activated carbon synthesized was micro porous in nature. The
surface functional groups were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy techniques. Thermo gravimetric
analysis was carried out to determine the thermal stability of activated carbon with respect to temperature. The surface
morphology of activated carbon was performed by Scanning Electron Microscopy.
identification of crystalline nature of the prepared activated carbon.
and inorganic pollutants from Industrial waste water.
Keywords: Activated carbon, Carbonization, Prosopis juliflora, Potassium hydroxide, Chemical acti
activation.
Introduction
Activated carbon (AC) is a solid material, black in colour and
highly porous in nature, and a well established adsorbent due to
micro porosity, higher surface area and large pore volume
greater extent of surface reactivity1. Depending on its physical
nature, it is available in various forms such as granular form,
powdered form, fibrous form and pellet form2
can also be divided on the basis of size of pores: macro por