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Pennsylvania Academic Standards for Social Studies: Civics and Government, Economics, Geography, and History
(Grade 9)
SE = Student Edition TE = Teacher Edition TR = Teaching Resources TECH = Technology 1
PENNSYLVANIA ACADEMIC STANDARDS, SOCIAL STUDIES
PAGE(S) WHERE TAUGHT (If submission is not a text, cite appropriate resource(s))
Academic Standards for Civics and Government 5.1. Principles and Documents of Government 5.1.9. GRADE 9 Pennsylvania’s public schools shall teach, challenge and support every student to realize his or her maximum potential and to acquire the knowledge and skills needed to… A. Identify and explain the major arguments advanced for the necessity of government.
SE: 17-18 TE: T26-T27 TR: Guided Reading and Review Workbook, 9, 10 TECH: www.PHSchool.com; The World Cultures
Resource Pro CD-ROM; Exam View Test Bank; Transparency 4
B. Describe historical examples of the importance of the rule of law.
Pennsylvania Academic Standards for Social Studies: Civics and Government, Economics, Geography, and History, (Grade 9)
SE = Student Edition TE = Teacher Edition TR = Teaching Resources TECH = Technology 5
PENNSYLVANIA ACADEMIC STANDARDS, SOCIAL STUDIES
PAGE(S) WHERE TAUGHT (If submission is not a text, cite appropriate resource(s))
5.2 Rights and Responsibilities of Citizenship 5.2.9. GRADE 9 Pennsylvania’s public schools shall teach, challenge and support every student to realize his or her maximum potential and to acquire the knowledge and skills needed to… A. Contrast the essential rights and responsibilities of citizens in systems of government.
TR: Guided Reading and Review Workbook, 19, 20, 199, 200, 201, 202, 225, 226, 229, 230; Social Studies Skills Handbook, 19, 34, 42; World Cultures Skills Workbook, 43; World Cultures Enrichment Booklet
TECH: www.PHSchool.com; The World Cultures Resource Pro CD-ROM; Exam View Test Bank; Transparency 13, 25, 27, 28, 43, 55, 57
D. Analyze political leadership and public service in a republican form of government.
E. Explain the importance of the political process to competent and responsible participation in civic life.
F. Analyze the consequences of violating laws of Pennsylvania compared to those of the United States.
G. Analyze political and civic participation in government and society.
5.3. How Government Works 5.3.9. GRADE 9 Pennsylvania’s public schools shall teach, challenge and support every student to realize his or her maximum potential and to acquire the knowledge and skills needed to… A. Explain the structure, organization and operation of the local, state, and national governments including domestic and national policy-making.
B. Compare the responsibilities and powers of the three branches within the national government.
C. Explain how a bill becomes a law on a federal, state, and local level.
D. Explain how independent government agencies create, amend and enforce regulatory policies.
Resource Pro CD-ROM; Exam View Test Bank; Transparency 37
• Republic
SE: 18 TE: T26-T27 TR: Guided Reading and Review Workbook, 9, 10 TECH: www.PHSchool.com; The World Cultures
Resource Pro CD-ROM; Exam View Test Bank; Transparency 4
5.4. How International Relationships Function 5.4.9. GRADE 9 Pennsylvania’s public schools shall teach, challenge and support every student to realize his or her maximum potential and to acquire the knowledge and skills needed to… A. Explain how the United States is affected by policies of nation-states, governmental and non-governmental organizations.
20, 51, 52, 175, 176, 229, 230; People and Geography, 9, 36-41, 47-52
TECH: www.PHSchool.com; The World Cultures Resource Pro CD-ROM; Exam View Test Bank; Transparency 64
Academic Standards for Economics 6.1. Economic Systems 6.1.9. GRADE 9 Pennsylvania’s public schools shall teach, challenge and support every student to realize his or her maximum potential and to acquire the knowledge and skills needed to… A. Analyze the similarities and differences in economic systems.
SE: 18 TE: T26-T27 TR: World Cultures Enrichment Booklet, 4 TECH: www.PHSchool.com; The World Cultures
Resource Pro CD-ROM; Exam View Test Bank
B. Explain how traditional, command and market economies answer the basic economic questions.
SE: 18 TE: T26-T27 TR: World Cultures Enrichment Booklet, 4 TECH: www.PHSchool.com; The World Cultures
Resource Pro CD-ROM; Exam View Test Bank
C. Explain how economic indicators reflect changes in the economy.
• Consumer Price Index (CPI)
• Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
• Unemployment rate
D. Describe historical examples of expansion, recession and depression in the United States.
Pennsylvania Academic Standards for Social Studies: Civics and Government, Economics, Geography, and History, (Grade 9)
SE = Student Edition TE = Teacher Edition TR = Teaching Resources TECH = Technology 11
PENNSYLVANIA ACADEMIC STANDARDS, SOCIAL STUDIES
PAGE(S) WHERE TAUGHT (If submission is not a text, cite appropriate resource(s))
6.2. Markets and the Functions of Governments 6.2.9. GRADE 9 Pennsylvania’s public schools shall teach, challenge and support every student to realize his or her maximum potential and to acquire the knowledge and skills needed to… A. Explain the flow of goods, services and resources in a mixed economy.
SE: 18 TE: T26-T27 TR: World Cultures Enrichment Booklet, 4 TECH: www.PHSchool.com; The World Cultures
Resource Pro CD-ROM
B. Analyze how the number of consumers and producers affects the level of competition within a market.
C. Explain the structure and purpose of the Federal Reserve System.
D. Analyze the functions of economic institutions (e.g., corporations, not-for-profit institutions).
E. Explain the laws of supply and demand and how these affect the prices of goods and services.
F. Analyze how competition among producers and consumers affects price, costs, product quality, service, product design, variety and advertising.
G. Contrast the largest sources of tax revenue with where most tax revenue is spent in Pennsylvania.
H. Analyze the economic roles of governments in market economies.
• Economic growth and stability
SE: 18 TE: T26-T27 TR: World Cultures Enrichment Booklet, 4 TECH: www.PHSchool.com; The World Cultures
Resource Pro CD-ROM Exam View Test Bank
• Legal frameworks
• Other economic goals (e.g., environmental protection, competition)
SE: 18 TE: T26-T27 TR: World Cultures Enrichment Booklet, 4 TECH: www.PHSchool.com; The World Cultures
Pennsylvania Academic Standards for Social Studies: Civics and Government, Economics, Geography, and History, (Grade 9)
SE = Student Edition TE = Teacher Edition TR = Teaching Resources TECH = Technology 12
PENNSYLVANIA ACADEMIC STANDARDS, SOCIAL STUDIES
PAGE(S) WHERE TAUGHT (If submission is not a text, cite appropriate resource(s))
I. Explain how government provides public goods.
J. Contrast the taxation policies of the local, state and national governments in the economy.
K. Interpret how media reports can influence perceptions of the costs and benefits of decisions.
L. Explain how the price of one currency is related to the price of another currency (e.g., Japanese yen in American dollar, Canadian dollar in Mexican nuevo peso).
6.3. Scarcity and Choice
6.3.9. GRADE 9 Pennsylvania’s public schools shall teach, challenge and support every student to realize his or her maximum potential and to acquire the knowledge and skills needed to… A. Describe ways to deal with scarcity.
• Community
• Pennsylvania
• United States
B. Analyze how unlimited wants and limited resources affect decision- making.
C. Explain how resources can be used in different ways to produce different goods and services.
Pennsylvania Academic Standards for Social Studies: Civics and Government, Economics, Geography, and History, (Grade 9)
SE = Student Edition TE = Teacher Edition TR = Teaching Resources TECH = Technology 13
PENNSYLVANIA ACADEMIC STANDARDS, SOCIAL STUDIES
PAGE(S) WHERE TAUGHT (If submission is not a text, cite appropriate resource(s))
F. Explain how incentives affect the behaviors of workers, savers, consumers and producers.
6.4. Economic Interdependence 6.4.9. GRADE 9 Pennsylvania’s public schools shall teach, challenge and support every student to realize his or her maximum potential and to acquire the knowledge and skills needed to… A. Explain why specialization may lead to increased production and consumption.
B. Explain how trade may improve a society's standard of living.
C. Explain why governments sometimes restrict or subsidize trade.
SE: 785 TECH: www.PHSchool.com; The World Cultures
Resource Pro CD-ROM
• Tertiary – service industries (e.g., retailing, wholesaling, finance, real estate, travel and tourism, transportation)
SE: 785 TECH: www.PHSchool.com; The World Cultures
Resource Pro CD-ROM
6.5. Work and Earnings 6.5.9. GRADE 9 Pennsylvania’s public schools shall teach, challenge and support every student to realize his or her maximum potential and to acquire the knowledge and skills needed to… A. Define wages and explain how wages are determined by the supply of and demand for workers.
B. Describe how productivity is measured and identify ways in which a person can improve his or her productivity.
C. Identify and explain the characteristics of the three types of businesses.
• Sole proprietorship
• Partnership
• Corporation
D. Analyze how risks influence business decision-making.
E. Define wealth and describe its distribution within and among the political divisions of the United States.
F. Identify leading entrepreneurs in Pennsylvania and the United States and describe the risks they took and the rewards they received.
G. Explain the differences among stocks, bonds and mutual funds.
Pennsylvania Academic Standards for Social Studies: Civics and Government, Economics, Geography, and History, (Grade 9)
SE = Student Edition TE = Teacher Edition TR = Teaching Resources TECH = Technology 15
PENNSYLVANIA ACADEMIC STANDARDS, SOCIAL STUDIES
PAGE(S) WHERE TAUGHT (If submission is not a text, cite appropriate resource(s))
H. Explain the impact of higher or lower interest rates for savers, borrowers, consumers and producers.
Academic Standards for Geography 7.1. Basic Geographic Literacy 7.1.9. GRADE 9 Pennsylvania’s public schools shall teach, challenge and support every student to realize his or her maximum potential and to acquire the knowledge and skills needed to. . . A. Explain geographic tools and their uses.
20, 23, 24, 79, 80, 229, 230, 233, 234; People and Geography, 36-41; Social Studies Skills Handbook, 42, 49; Brief Review of Global History and Geography
TECH: www.PHSchool.com; The World Cultures Resource Pro CD-ROM; Exam View Test Bank; ; World Geography Map and Photo Transparencies
79, 80; World Cultures Skills Workbook, 6-7; Social Studies Skills Handbook,31, 42 ; DK World Atlas; Brief Review of Global History and Geography
TECH: www.PHSchool.com; The World Cultures Resource Pro CD-ROM; Exam View Test Bank; World Geography Map and Photo Transparencies; Transparency 68, 122, 123, 124
TR: Guided Reading and Review Workbook, 16, 16, 19, 20, 173-176, 223, 224, 227, 228; People and Geography, 9, 47-26, 28, 52; World Cultures Skills Workbook, 47; Social Studies Skills Handbook, 19, 28, 40, 49, 50, 58; DK World Atlas; World Cultures Enrichment Booklet, 75; Brief Review of Global History and Geography
TECH: www.PHSchool.com; The World Cultures Resource Pro CD-ROM; Exam View Test Bank; Transparency13, 45, 96
T198, T249-T252, T278 TR: Guided Reading and Review Workbook, 9,
47, 48, 167, 168, 175, 176, 183, 184; 227-230; People and Geography, 9; Social Studies Skills Handbook, 19, Brief Review of Global History and Geography
TECH: www.PHSchool.com; The World Cultures Resource Pro CD-ROM; Exam View Test Bank; Transparency 13, 14, 27, 31, 45, 96
Pennsylvania Academic Standards for Social Studies: Civics and Government, Economics, Geography, and History, (Grade 9)
SE = Student Edition TE = Teacher Edition TR = Teaching Resources TECH = Technology 21
PENNSYLVANIA ACADEMIC STANDARDS, SOCIAL STUDIES
PAGE(S) WHERE TAUGHT (If submission is not a text, cite appropriate resource(s))
7.2 The Physical Characteristics of Places and Regions 7.2.9. GRADE 9 Pennsylvania’s public schools shall teach, challenge and support every student to realize his or her maximum potential and to acquire the knowledge and skills needed to. . . A. Explain the physical characteristics of places and regions including spatial patterns of Earth’s physical systems.
149, 150; Social Studies Skills Handbook, 5, 21, 22, 69; DK World Atlas; Brief Review of Global History and Geography
TECH: www.PHSchool.com; The World Cultures Resource Pro CD-ROM; Exam View Test Bank; World Geography Map and Photo Transparencies; Transparency 2, 7, 40
B. Explain the dynamics of the fundamental processes that underlie the operation of Earth’s physical systems.
• Wind systems
SE: 166 TE: T72 TR: Brief Review of Global History and
Geography TECH: www.PHSchool.com; The World Cultures
Resource Pro CD-ROM
• Water cycle
TR: Brief Review of Global History and Geography
TECH: www.PHSchool.com; The World Cultures Resource Pro CD-ROM
56; People and Geography, ; Social Studies Skills Handbook, ; Brief Review of Global History and Geography
TECH: www.PHSchool.com; The World Cultures Resource Pro CD-ROM; Exam View Test Bank; World Geography Map and Photo Transparencies
7.3 The Human Characteristics of Places and Regions 7.3.9. GRADE 9 Pennsylvania’s public schools shall teach, challenge and support every student to realize his or her maximum potential and to acquire the knowledge and skills needed to. . A. Explain the human characteristics of places and regions by their population characteristics.
• Spatial distribution, size, density and demographic characteristics of population at the state and National level
• Demographic structure of a population (e.g., life expectancy, fertility rate, mortality rate, infant mortality rate, population growth rate, the demographic transition model)
SE: 49, 783, 785 TE: T37 TR: Brief Review of Global History and
Geography TECH: www.PHSchool.com; The World Cultures
TR: Guided Reading and Review Workbook, 5, 6, 11, 12, 15, 155, 156; People and Geography, 15; World Cultures Skills Workbook, 6-7; Social Studies Skills Handbook, 28; Brief Review of Global History and Geography
TECH: www.PHSchool.com; The World Cultures Resource Pro CD-ROM; Exam View Test Bank; World Geography Map and Photo Transparencies
Pennsylvania Academic Standards for Social Studies: Civics and Government, Economics, Geography, and History, (Grade 9)
SE = Student Edition TE = Teacher Edition TR = Teaching Resources TECH = Technology 25
PENNSYLVANIA ACADEMIC STANDARDS, SOCIAL STUDIES
PAGE(S) WHERE TAUGHT (If submission is not a text, cite appropriate resource(s))
D. Explain the human characteristics of places and regions by their economic activities.
• * Spatial distribution of economic activities in Pennsylvania and the United States (e.g., patterns of agriculture, forestry, mining, retailing, manufacturing, services)
• Factors that shape spatial patterns of economic activity both Nationally and internationally (e.g., comparative advantage in location of economic activities; changes in resource trade; disruption of trade flows)
TR: Guided Reading and Review Workbook, 15, 17, 19, 20, 95, 96, 143, 144, 233; People and Geography, 9; Social Studies Skills Handbook, 49, 50, 51, 62; DK World Atlas; Brief Review of Global History and Geography
TECH: www.PHSchool.com; The World Cultures Resource Pro CD-ROM; Exam View Test Bank; World Geography Map and Photo Transparencies; Transparency 75, 130, 131
• Technological changes that affect the
definitions of, access to, and use of natural resources (e.g., the role of exploration, extraction, use and depletion of resources)
TR: Guided Reading and Review Workbook, 15, 16, 79, 95, 96, 221, 222; People and Geography, ; Social Studies Skills Handbook, 62; DK World Atlas; Brief Review of Global History and Geography
TECH: www.PHSchool.com; The World Cultures Resource Pro CD-ROM; Exam View Test Bank; World Geography Map and Photo Transparencies; Transparency 91, 130
E. Explain the human characteristics of places and regions by their political activities.
• Spatial pattern of political units in the United States
• Geographic factors that affect decisions made in the United States (e.g., territorial expansion, boundary delineation, allocation of natural resources)
42, 45, 46; People and Geography, ; Social Studies Skills Handbook, 42; DK World Atlas; Brief Review of Global History and Geography
TECH: www.PHSchool.com; The World Cultures Resource Pro CD-ROM; Exam View Test Bank; World Geography Map and Photo Transparencies
7.4 The Interactions Between People and Places 7.4.9. GRADE 9 Pennsylvania’s public schools shall teach, challenge and support every student to realize his or her maximum potential and to acquire the knowledge and skills needed to… A. Explain the impacts of physical systems on people.
• How people depend on, adjust to and modify physical systems on a National scale (e.g., soil conservation programs, projects of The Corps of Engineers)
TR: Guided Reading and Review Workbook, 41, 45, 46, 47, 48, 71, 79; Social Studies Skills Handbook, 27, 42; DK World Atlas; Brief Review of Global History and Geography
TECH: www.PHSchool.com; The World Cultures Resource Pro CD-ROM; Exam View Test Bank; World Geography Map and Photo Transparencies
• Ways in which people in hazard-prone areas
adjust their ways of life (e.g., building design in earthquake areas, dry-farming techniques in drought-prone areas)
Pennsylvania Academic Standards for Social Studies: Civics and Government, Economics, Geography, and History, (Grade 9)
SE = Student Edition TE = Teacher Edition TR = Teaching Resources TECH = Technology 27
PENNSYLVANIA ACADEMIC STANDARDS, SOCIAL STUDIES
PAGE(S) WHERE TAUGHT (If submission is not a text, cite appropriate resource(s))
• Forces by which people modify the physical environment (e.g., increasing population; new agricultural techniques; industrial processes and pollution)
TR: Guided Reading and Review Workbook, 15, 16, 17, 18, 41, 42, 43, 79, 80, 199, 221, 227; People and Geography, 15, 31; Social Studies Skills Handbook, 42, 55; DK World Atlas; Brief Review of Global History and Geography
TECH: www.PHSchool.com; The World Cultures Resource Pro CD-ROM; Exam View Test Bank; ; World Geography Map and Photo Transparencies
• Spatial effects of activities in one region on
another region (e.g., scrubbers on power plants to clean air, transportation systems such as Trans-Siberian Railroad, potential effects of fallout from nuclear power plant accidents)
185, 186, 229, 230; People and Geography, 3; Social Studies Skills Handbook, 42; DK World Atlas; Brief Review of Global History and Geography
TECH: www.PHSchool.com; The World Cultures Resource Pro CD-ROM; Exam View Test Bank; ; World Geography Map and Photo Transparencies; Transparency 13, 27
Academic Standards for History 8.1. Historical Analysis and Skills Development 8.1.9. GRADE 9 Pennsylvania’s public schools shall teach, challenge and support every student to realize his or her maximum potential and to acquire the knowledge and skills needed to. . . A. Analyze chronological thinking.
TR: World Cultures Skills Workbook, 12-13, 54-58; World Cultures Enrichment Booklet; People and Geography Activity booklet; DK World Atlas
TECH: www.PHSchool.com; The World Cultures Resource Pro CD-ROM; Exam View Test Bank
• Credibility of evidence
SE: 151, 629, 767 TE: T68, T230, T278 TR: Social Studies Skills Handbook, 47 TECH: www.PHSchool.com; The World Cultures
Resource Pro CD-ROM
8.4. World History 8.4.9. GRADE 9 Pennsylvania’s public schools shall teach, challenge and support every student to realize his or her maximum potential and to acquire the knowledge and skills needed to analyze cultural, economic, geographic, political and social relations to... A. Analyze the significance of individuals and groups who made major political and cultural contributions to world history before 1500.
• Political and Military Leaders (e.g., King Asoka, Montezuma I, Ghenghis Khan, William the Conqueror)
Pennsylvania Academic Standards for Social Studies: Civics and Government, Economics, Geography, and History, (Grade 9)
SE = Student Edition TE = Teacher Edition TR = Teaching Resources TECH = Technology 35
PENNSYLVANIA ACADEMIC STANDARDS, SOCIAL STUDIES
PAGE(S) WHERE TAUGHT (If submission is not a text, cite appropriate resource(s))
(Continued) • Historic districts (e.g., Memphis and its
Necropolis, Sanctuary of Machu Picchu, Old City of Jerusalem and its Walls, Centre of Rome and the Holy See)
(Continued) TECH: www.PHSchool.com; The World Cultures
Resource Pro CD-ROM; Exam View Test Bank; World Geography Videos; Transparency 4, 84
C. Analyze how continuity and change throughout history has impacted belief systems and religions, commerce and industry, innovations, settlement patterns, social organization, transportation and roles of women before 1500.
216, 217-218, 235-236; Social Studies Skills Handbook, 19, 41, 49, 52, 56; World Cultures Skills Workbook, 38-39, 54-58; World Cultures Enrichment Booklet, 80-81, 82-83; DK World Atlas
TECH: www.PHSchool.com; The World Cultures Resource Pro CD-ROM; Exam View Test Bank; World Geography Videos; Transparency 98
D. Analyze how conflict and cooperation among social groups and organizations impacted world history through 1500 in Africa, Americas, Asia and Europe.