Prelude to Revolution: Changing Attitudes US History Libertyville HS.

Prelude to Revolution: Prelude to Revolution: Changing AttitudesChanging Attitudes

US HistoryUS History

Libertyville HSLibertyville HS

Changing Attitudes after 1763Changing Attitudes after 1763 British viewBritish view

• We’re the most We’re the most powerful country in powerful country in the world!the world!

• These colonists love These colonists love us!us!

• That war was That war was expensive – expensive – especially in coloniesespecially in colonies

Changing Attitudes after 1763Changing Attitudes after 1763 Britain had bad Britain had bad

recessionrecession British Parliament British Parliament

began enforcing laws, began enforcing laws, taxes against coloniststaxes against colonists

British permanently British permanently stationed troops in stationed troops in coloniescolonies

Colonists free of Colonists free of French, Indian threatFrench, Indian threat

Count Vergennes, OracleCount Vergennes, Oracle

Count Vergennes – Count Vergennes – French negotiator of French negotiator of treaty ending F & I (7 treaty ending F & I (7 yrs) Waryrs) War

“Delivered from a neighbor they have always feared, your other colonies will soon discover they stand no longer in need of your protection. You will call on them to contribute toward supporting the burden which they have helped to bring on you; they will answer by shaking off all dependence.” (1763, to British negotiator)

Changing Attitudes after 1763Changing Attitudes after 1763 Three most important Three most important

changes:changes:

• ““Salutary Neglect” Salutary Neglect” stoppedstopped

• Proclamation Line of Proclamation Line of 1763 established1763 established

• British permanently British permanently station troops in station troops in AmericaAmerica

Changing Attitudes: “Salutary Changing Attitudes: “Salutary Neglect”Neglect”

Policy whereby British Government did Policy whereby British Government did not enforce existing laws or taxes not enforce existing laws or taxes against colonists until after 1763against colonists until after 1763

Why?!Because economic times were good!

Changing Attitudes: Salutary Changing Attitudes: Salutary NeglectNeglect

Example of salutary Example of salutary neglectneglect• Navigation Acts of Navigation Acts of

16501650 Laws of commerce Laws of commerce

within British Empirewithin British Empire Included taxes that Included taxes that

colonists were to pay colonists were to pay on imports and exportson imports and exports

Salutary Neglect: Salutary Neglect: NEVER ENFORCED BY NEVER ENFORCED BY PARLIAMENT b/c Brits PARLIAMENT b/c Brits were making money off were making money off the trade itselfthe trade itself

Changing Attitudes: Salutary Changing Attitudes: Salutary NeglectNeglect

1763 – British 1763 – British began enforcing began enforcing Navigation ActsNavigation Acts• Colonists reaction: Colonists reaction:

new and unjust taxnew and unjust tax• British reaction: British reaction:

you are spoiled!you are spoiled!• Strict enforcement Strict enforcement

= mistake (why?)= mistake (why?)

Changing Attitudes: Cause of Changing Attitudes: Cause of Salutary NeglectSalutary Neglect

British Generosity!British Generosity!• Salutary neglect – Salutary neglect –

British didn’t British didn’t enforce taxes on enforce taxes on books for books for 100+years100+years

• Home Rule – British Home Rule – British gave colonists gave colonists incredible freedom incredible freedom to make rules for to make rules for selvesselves

• Once gone = Once gone = resentment!resentment!

Changing Attitudes: Proclamation Changing Attitudes: Proclamation LineLine

Imaginary line drawn Imaginary line drawn along Appalachian along Appalachian MountainsMountains

British government tells British government tells colonists that Indians colonists that Indians are to stay to the West are to stay to the West of the Line and Colonists of the Line and Colonists to the Eastto the East

British government also British government also requires any trading requires any trading across line to be across line to be submitted to themsubmitted to them

British erect line of forts British erect line of forts along Line to enforce along Line to enforce lawlaw

Changing Attitudes: Stationing Changing Attitudes: Stationing TroopsTroops

British permanently British permanently station 20,000 troops in station 20,000 troops in AmericaAmerica

Message = ???Message = ??? MissionMission

• Protect tax collectorsProtect tax collectors• Enforce Proclamation Enforce Proclamation

LineLine• Protect colonists from Protect colonists from

Indians (and visa versa)Indians (and visa versa) Troops’ presence Troops’ presence

angers colonistsangers colonists

Tarring &Feathering

Changing Attitudes: British Changing Attitudes: British TaxationTaxation

External TaxesExternal Taxes• Import taxImport tax• Paid by merchantsPaid by merchants• Example: Sugar taxExample: Sugar tax• Most popular tax Most popular tax

Internal TaxesInternal Taxes• Similar to sales taxSimilar to sales tax• Paid by everyonePaid by everyone• Example: Stamp taxExample: Stamp tax• Least popular taxLeast popular tax

British MonopoliesBritish Monopolies• Only Brits could sell these Only Brits could sell these

goodsgoods• Example: Clothing, teaExample: Clothing, tea

Sugar cane fieldworkers

Changing Attitudes: So what’s the Changing Attitudes: So what’s the Big Deal?Big Deal?

Changing attitude of Changing attitude of American colonistsAmerican colonists• Pre F & I War: We want Pre F & I War: We want

rights that all rights that all Englishmen are Englishmen are guaranteedguaranteed

• Post F & I War: We want Post F & I War: We want rights that are rights that are guaranteed to all MENguaranteed to all MEN

This is HUGE!: This is HUGE!: American identification American identification shifting away from shifting away from BritsBrits “Free Born Englishman” – political

cartoon

Changing Attitudes: So what’s the Changing Attitudes: So what’s the Big Deal?Big Deal?

Revolution is not Revolution is not about moneyabout money

Colonists upset about Colonists upset about loss of real (or loss of real (or perceived) rights and perceived) rights and freedomsfreedoms• Home RuleHome Rule• Tax enforcementTax enforcement• Troops quarteredTroops quartered• Limits on tradeLimits on trade• Limits on expansionLimits on expansion• LIMITS!!!!!LIMITS!!!!!

Protesting the Stamp Act, 1765

Quartering of troops

Leading to WarLeading to War

Sugar Act of 1764Sugar Act of 1764

Stamp Act of 1765Stamp Act of 1765

Declaratory ActDeclaratory Act

Townsend Duties of 1767Townsend Duties of 1767

Boston MassacreBoston Massacre

Boston Tea PartyBoston Tea Party

Coercive (“Intolerable”) ActsCoercive (“Intolerable”) Acts