Preliminary studies for T2 primary target for the NA61 fragmentation beam run 11 th October 2010 – NA61 Collaboration Meeting M. Calviani on behalf of.

Preliminary studies for T2 primary target for the NA61 fragmentation beam run

11th October 2010 – NA61 Collaboration Meeting

M. Calviani on behalf of EN/STI

[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]?subject=Presentation%20at%20the%20NA61%20Collaboration%20Meeting%20-%20T2%20primary%20target%20for%20NA61%20fragmented%20beam%20run

T2 target preliminary calculations (NA61 Collaboration Meeting) - M. Calviani (EN/STI)

2

Outline

11th October 2010

• Overview of T2 targets• FLUKA simulation setup & geometry• Energy deposition preliminary studies• Production yields of 11B and 32P• absolute & relative to all isotopes• Conclusions & perspectives


3

Summary

11th October 2010

• Preliminary calculation for the optimization of a new target for a fragmented ion beam for the NA61 experiment• Primary target is installed (and to be…) in the T2 target box• shielded iron box with forced air cooling

Iron shielding

Primary beam

Secondary beam

TARGETs

T2 target box

Cooling fins

Target plates

Forc

ed

air

flow


4

Pictures of one spare target head

11th October 2010

Primary Pb beam

Cooling fins

50 cm length

16 cm

Spare target head to be eventually reused to install a new target plate in case needed


5

November 2010 test (Ilias-EN/MEF)

11th October 2010

• During the November 2010 production test two targets already in the T2 target box will be used for testing

• 40 cm beryllium plate• 4 cm carbon plate

A complete energy deposition study for the Pb beam case is at present being performed, in order to ensure proper/safe mechanical and controlled thermodynamical conditions on the box

• no need to dismount targets very radioactive, ~Sv/h at contact)


6

FLUKA simulations

11th October 2010

• Scoring of particles at the end of the chamber “collimator” (30 x 15 cm) – maximum production from target

Air

Target plate

Iron shielding

“collimator”

16 cm width, 2 mm height, variable length

30 cm

15 cm

~ 1 m

40 cm

• DPMJET-3 linked to the executable (HI nuclear reactions)• PHYSICS settings in order to include 1) correct evaporation model with heavy fragments, 2) electromagnetic dissociation of projectile and 3) coalescence


7

Energy deposition (1/2)

11th October 2010

• First generic calculation of energy deposition for some plates in T2• 16 cm width, 2 mm height, variable length

• Assuming a Pb beam FWHM=1.4 mm (s=0.6 mm) @2s is ~ targetPart of the beam does not interact AT ALL on the target, proceed outside of the iron shielding to the downstream collimator

Total deposited energy

158 AGeV 80 AGeV 40 AGeV

4 cm CBe

2.05 W/bunch1.59 W/bunch



10 cm CBe




20 cm CBe





8

Energy deposition (2/2)

11th October 2010

Maximum deposited energy density

Beam directionMore detailed calculation will follow once the final Pb beam spot size (emittance) is clarified


9

Evaluation of produced particles

11th October 2010

20 cm target, @158 AGeV

All particles

B

11B

20 cm target, @ 40 AGeV

11B32P

All particles

• Particle are scored at the exit of the T2 collimator face (only FLUKA heavy ion)• these simulations assume only contribution from elements heavier than

7Be• calculations including a (~same A/Z ratio as of 11B and 32P) are

underway• The secondary beam line is assumed to transport all fragments with a chosen rigidity P/Z or B* r within a range of about ±2%• the mean value of the P/Z of the selected isotope is selected ±2%

• Maximize the ratio (of P/Z) between selected isotopes and all the rest


10

P/Z with all particles produced by target

11th October 2010

208Pb (uncollided + beam halo)

• Absolute production is dominated by light fragments• Protons discarded since they live in the low P/Z area (A/Z~1)• 11B (11C and 32P) produced in the area dominated by 4He and d (A/Z~2 area)

A/Z~3

A/Z~2

A/Z~1

20 cm, 80

AGeV


11

20 cm target, 80 AGeV

At the exit for the T2 face “collimator”, 105 cm from target

Mass

d

3H,3He4He

Correlation between momentum/charge and mass of produced isotopes

11th October 2010


12 11th October 2010

Absolute production

rates-

for 4, 10, 20, 30 and 40 cm targets (158,

80, 40 AGeV Pb beam)

Inelastic scattering length is around 3 cm for C and Be, 2-3l for optimal production max production for ~10 cm


13

Results (absolute yield) - Carbon

11th October 2010


Yield/primary P/Z interval Yield/primary P/Z interval Yield/primary P/Z interval

4 cm 8.43*10-2 (11B)1.23*10-2 (32P)

345±7 GeV/c333±7 GeV/c

9.99*10-2 (11B)1.01*10-2 (32P)

175±4 GeV/c169±3 GeV/c

1.07*10-1 (11B)1.20*10-2 (32P)

88±2 GeV/c84±2 GeV/c

10 cm 1.49*10-1 (11B)2.19*10-2 (32P)

342±7 GeV/c330±7 GeV/c

1.34*10-1 (11B)2.19*10-2 (32P)

174±3 GeV/c163±3 GeV/c

1.89*10-1 (11B)2.21*10-2 (32P)


20 cm 1.45*10-1 (11B)2.13*10-2 (32P)

340±7 GeV/c329±7 GeV/c

1.39*10-1 (11B)1.85*10-2 (32P)

172±3 GeV/c165±3 GeV/c

1.92*10-1 (11B)2.37*10-2 (32P)


30 cm 1.10*10-1 (11B)1.04*10-2 (32P)

338±7 GeV/c327±6 GeV/c

1.07*10-1 (11B)1.21*10-2 (32P)

170±3 GeV/c164±3 GeV/c

1.42*10-1 (11B)1.40*10-2 (32P)


40 cm 7.46*10-2 (11B)6.7*10-3 (32P)

337±7 GeV/c327±7 GeV/c

6.62*10-2 (11B)4.4*10-3 (32P)

170±3 GeV/c163±3 GeV/c

9.40*10-2 (11B)9.8*10-3 (32P)


Absolute yields of 11B and 32P as a function of target length and Pb primary energy around the maximum of the P/Z distributions of the two isotopes (±2%)

According to SPSC-P-330-ADD-1 (Addendum 4 to proposal P330), “Proposal for secondary ion beams and update of data taking schedule for 2009-2013) 30 cm target

PRELIMINARY


14

Results (absolute yield) - Beryllium

11th October 2010


Yield/primary P/Z interval Yield/primary P/Z interval Yield/primary P/Z interval

4 cm 9.83*10-2 (11B)1.57*10-2 (32P)

345±7 GeV/c333±7 GeV/c

1.16*10-1 (11B)1.62*10-2 (32P)

175±4 GeV/c169±3 GeV/c

1.19*10-1 (11B)1.57*10-2 (32P)


10 cm 1.60*10-1 (11B)2.57*10-2 (32P)

342±7 GeV/c330±7 GeV/c

1.55*10-1 (11B)2.49*10-2 (32P)

174±3 GeV/c163±3 GeV/c

2.03*10-1 (11B)2.73*10-2 (32P)


20 cm 1.52*10-1 (11B)1.64*10-2 (32P)

340±7 GeV/c329±7 GeV/c

1.46*10-1 (11B)1.95*10-2 (32P)

172±3 GeV/c165±3 GeV/c

1.99*10-1 (11B)2.42*10-2 (32P)


30 cm 9.67*10-2 (11B)1.12*10-2 (32P)

338±7 GeV/c327±6 GeV/c

9.03*10-2 (11B)1.01*10-2 (32P)

170±3 GeV/c164±3 GeV/c

1.42*10-1 (11B)1.27*10-2 (32P)


40 cm 6.00*10-2 (11B)5.10*10-3 (32P)

337±7 GeV/c327±7 GeV/c

6.18*10-2 (11B)3.60*10-3 (32P)

170±3 GeV/c163±3 GeV/c

8.71*10-2 (11B)6.30*10-3 (32P)


Absolute yields of 11B and 32P as a function of target length and Pb primary energy, around the maximum of the P/Z distributions of the two isotopes (±2%)


PRELIMINARY


15

Absolute production for 11B and 32P around the to maximum of the P/Z distribution

11th October 2010

4cm 10cm 20cm 30cm 40cm5.00E+027.00E+029.00E+021.10E+031.30E+031.50E+031.70E+031.90E+032.10E+032.30E+03

Carbon target - B11

158AGeV 80AGeV 40AGeV

4cm 10cm 20cm 30cm 40cm5.00E+027.00E+029.00E+021.10E+031.30E+031.50E+031.70E+031.90E+032.10E+032.30E+03

Beryllium target - B11


4cm 10cm 20cm 30cm 40cm20

70

120

170

220

270

Carbon target - P32


4cm 10cm 20cm 30cm 40cm2.00E+01

7.00E+01

1.20E+02

1.70E+02

2.20E+02

2.70E+02

Beryllium target - P32


5-15% gain with a Be target wrt C target



Fractional production

rates-

for 4, 10, 20, 30 and 40 cm targets (158,

80, 40 AGeV Pb beam)


17

Results (fractional yields) - Carbon

11th October 2010


Fractional yield

P/Z interval Fractional yield


P/Z interval

4 cm 3.72*10-2 (11B)8.25*10-3 (32P)

345±7 GeV/c333±7 GeV/c

3.83*10-2 (11B)7.81*10-3 (32P)

175±4 GeV/c169±3 GeV/c

3.84*10-2 (11B)8.59*10-3 (32P)


10 cm 5.04*10-2 (11B)9.76*10-3 (32P)

342±7 GeV/c330±7 GeV/c

4.73*10-2 (11B)1.07*10-2 (32P)

174±3 GeV/c163±3 GeV/c

4.61*10-2 (11B)8.39*10-3 (32P)


20 cm 7.24*10-2 (11B)1.08*10-2 (32P)

340±7 GeV/c329±7 GeV/c

7.09*10-2 (11B)1.00*10-2 (32P)

172±3 GeV/c165±3 GeV/c

6.34*10-2 (11B)8.33*10-3 (32P)


30 cm 1.01*10-1 (11B)8.72*10-3 (32P)

338±7 GeV/c327±6 GeV/c

9.98*10-2 (11B)1.02*10-2 (32P)

170±3 GeV/c164±3 GeV/c

1.00*10-1 (11B)7.54*10-3 (32P)


40 cm 1.40*10-1 (11B)1.08*10-2 (32P)

337±7 GeV/c327±7 GeV/c

1.27*10-1 (11B)6.73*10-3 (32P)

170±3 GeV/c163±3 GeV/c

1.19*10-1 (11B)9.23*10-3 (32P)


Fractional yields of 11B and 32P as a function of target length and Pb beam energy:• Ratio between yield of 11B or 32P and the total heavy ions exiting the collimator around the maximum of the P/Z distributions of the two isotopes • Kinematics effects partially change the results of the absolute yields calculations


PRELIMINARY


18

Results (fractional yields) - Beryllium

11th October 2010


Fractional yield



P/Z interval

4 cm 3.86*10-2 (11B)1.13*10-2 (32P)

345±7 GeV/c333±7 GeV/c

3.98*10-2 (11B)1.09*10-2 (32P)

175±4 GeV/c169±3 GeV/c

3.80*10-2 (11B)8.06*10-3 (32P)


10 cm 5.26*10-2 (11B)1.04*10-2 (32P)

342±7 GeV/c330±7 GeV/c

5.37*10-2 (11B)1.06*10-2 (32P)

174±3 GeV/c163±3 GeV/c

4.87*10-2 (11B)8.45*10-3 (32P)


20 cm 8.51*10-2 (11B)8.95*10-3 (32P)

340±7 GeV/c329±7 GeV/c

8.27*10-2 (11B)1.10*10-2 (32P)

172±3 GeV/c165±3 GeV/c

7.67*10-2 (11B)8.86*10-3 (32P)


30 cm 1.11*10-1 (11B)1.13*10-2 (32P)

338±7 GeV/c327±6 GeV/c

1.07*10-1 (11B)1.03*10-2 (32P)

170±3 GeV/c164±3 GeV/c

1.12*10-1 (11B)8.32*10-3 (32P)


40 cm 1.47*10-1 (11B)1.09*10-2 (32P)

337±7 GeV/c327±7 GeV/c

1.50*10-1 (11B)7.31*10-3 (32P)

170±3 GeV/c163±3 GeV/c

1.28*10-1 (11B)7.79*10-3 (32P)


Fractional yields of 11B and 32P as a function of target length and Pb beam energy:• Ratio between yield of 11B or 32P and the total heavy ions exiting the collimator around the maximum of the P/Z distributions of the two isotopes • Kinematics effects partially change the results of the absolute yields calculations


PRELIMINARY


19

Results - 11B production for C and Be target

11th October 2010

• The fractional yield is enhanced by use of longer target• At 158 AGeV primary beam energy, the gain is 15% with respect to 40 AGeV for a 40 cm target (for shorter targets, the dependence is almost constant) given by the favorable A/Z ratio

• For the same target length, the gain with a Be target is roughly ~5-20% than graphite in the same experimental conditions

40AGeV 80AGeV 158AGeV0.00E+00

2.00E-02

4.00E-02

6.00E-02

8.00E-02

1.00E-01

1.20E-01

1.40E-01

1.60E-01

Carbon target - 11B

4cm10cm20cm30cm40cm

Fra

cti

onal yie

lds

40AGeV 80AGeV 158AGeV0.00E+00

2.00E-02

4.00E-02

6.00E-02

8.00E-02

1.00E-01

1.20E-01

1.40E-01

1.60E-01

Beryllium target - 11B

4cm10cm20cm30cm40cm

Fra

cti

onal yie

lds

Excluding the contribution of a complete simulations underway


20

Results – 11B carbon vs. beryllium targets

11th October 2010

4cm 10cm 20cm 30cm 40cm0.00E+00

2.00E-02

4.00E-02

6.00E-02

8.00E-02

1.00E-01

1.20E-01

1.40E-01

1.60E-01158AGeV

B11, CarbonB11, Beryl-lium

Fra

tional ra

tio o

f sele

cte

d

isoto

pe

4cm 10cm 20cm 30cm 40cm0.00E+00

2.00E-02

4.00E-02

6.00E-02

8.00E-02

1.00E-01

1.20E-01

1.40E-0140AGeV

B11, CarbonB11, Beryl-lium

Fra

tional ra

tio o

f sele

cte

d

isoto

pe

4cm 10cm 20cm 30cm 40cm0.00E+00

2.00E-02

4.00E-02

6.00E-02

8.00E-02

1.00E-01

1.20E-01

1.40E-01

1.60E-01

Carbon target, B11

158AGeV80AGeV40AGeV

Fra

tional ra

tio o

f sele

cte

d

isoto

pe

4cm

10cm

20cm

30cm

40cm 4c

m10

cm20

cm0.00E+00

2.00E-02

4.00E-02

6.00E-02

8.00E-02

1.00E-01

1.20E-01

1.40E-01

1.60E-01

Beryllium target, B11

158AGeV80AGeV40AGeV

Fra

tional ra

tio o

f sele

cte

d

isoto

pe

~5-15% larger yield for a Be target than a C one

Higher fractional yield for longer target given by the higher ionization loss of higher Z particles

Excluding the contribution of a


21

Results - Fractional yields of 11B and 32P

11th October 2010

32P relative production shows little dependence on target length• Fractional yield almost constant

4cm 10cm 20cm 30cm 40cm0.00E+00

2.00E-02

4.00E-02

6.00E-02

8.00E-02

1.00E-01

1.20E-01

1.40E-01

1.60E-01

Carbon, 158AGeV

B11P32

Fra

tional ra

tio o

f sele

cte

d

isoto

pe

4cm 10cm 20cm 30cm 40cm0.00E+00

2.00E-02

4.00E-02

6.00E-02

8.00E-02

1.00E-01

1.20E-01

1.40E-01

Carbon, 40AGeV

B11P32

Fra

tional ra

tio o

f sele

cte

d

isoto

pe

4cm

10cm

20cm

30cm

40cm 4c

m10

cm20

cm0.00E+00

2.00E-02

4.00E-02

6.00E-02

8.00E-02

1.00E-01

1.20E-01

1.40E-01

1.60E-01

Beryllium, 158AGeV

B11P32

Fra

tional ra

tio o

f sele

cte

d

isoto

pe

Values might be affected by the lack of a in the simulation


22

Conclusions

11th October 2010

Evaluation of 11B and 32P particle yields were estimated with a mock up geometry of the T2 target

Pb beams of 158, 80 and 40 AGeV energy were considered Different target lengths (4, 10, 20, 30 and 40 cm) and materials (C and Be) were used Absolute and fractional yields were estimated taking into account the production around the mean value of the P/Z distribution (±2%)

Comments on performed simulations: basing on the scoring at the end of the “target box” (no

secondary beam line nor degrader considered) maximum production from target

a are excluded, but contribution significant: complete evaluation underway

further studies requiredComplete studies are underway to validate the present targets and the production from an optimized new one



Thanks a lot for your attention and

for the very interesting experiment!



Additions


25

Total momentum for different beam energies

11th October 2010

20 cm target

158 AGeV80 AGeV40 AGeV


26

Contribution from other mass & charge

11th October 2010

All particles

11B

10B

12B

Z=4Z=6


27

Correlation momentum vs. time from primary beam interaction

11th October 2010

Z=1

20 cm target@ 40 AGeV

11B


28

Correlation P/Z vs. time from interaction

11th October 2010

11B32P



Preliminary studies for T2 primary target for the NA61 fragmentation beam run 11 th October 2010 – NA61 Collaboration Meeting M. Calviani on behalf of.

Documents

wbunch slide

t2 primary target

new target plate

spare target head

calviani ensti

na61 fragmentation beam

pb beam case

iron box