Preliminary Results of the 2012/2013 Manitoba Soybean Cyst Nematode Survey Soybean Cyst Nematode Survey Mario Tenuta and Mehrdad Madani Department of Soil Science Dennis Lange Dennis Lange MAFRD CPS Manitoba Meeting Nov. 20, 2013
Preliminary Results of the 2012/2013 Manitoba Soybean Cyst Nematode SurveySoybean Cyst Nematode Survey
Mario Tenuta and Mehrdad MadaniDepartment of Soil Science
Dennis LangeDennis LangeMAFRD
CPS Manitoba Meeting Nov. 20, 2013
Life Cycle of a ( d l ) lSCN (Heterodera glycines) Female
SoilSource: Swiss Federal Research Station for Agroecology and Agriculture
Source: Swiss Federal Research Station for Agroecology and Agriculture
Root
Source: Sandra Sardanelli Univ. Maryland
Source: Albert Tenuta OMAFRA
Female Becomes Cyst Eventually d lRupturing and Releasing Eggs
Source: Kris Lambert Univ. Illinois
Source: Edward McGawley, Louisiana State University
Soil
Source: Edward McGawley, Louisiana State University
SCN in Minnesota (2009)SCN in Minnesota (2009)
SCN in North Dakota (2011)SCN in North Dakota (2011)
2011
Sources:NDSU/NASS/NDSC Survey
2010
20112011
Crop ConsultantsDiagnostic Lab SubmissionsAGVISE + Submitted samples
2007
2011
2010
2011
2010 20032010
201120092011
Soil Processing
SCN Survey of Manitoba (2012/2013)SCN Survey of Manitoba (2012/2013)
• 48 soybean fields sampled48 soybean fields sampled• > 3000 soil samples282 i l f i• 282 composite samples for processing
• Priority fields based on– Proximity to water courses from U.S. that flood– Number of soybean years– History of dry beans– Sampled prone areas of fieldsp p
35 fields sampled Oct/Nov 2012
13 fields sampled July/Aug 2013
Collection Areas for Two FieldsCollection Areas for Two Fields
ResultsResults
• 37 composite samples from 22 fields had cysts37 composite samples from 22 fields had cysts• Total of 60 cysts recovered26 d d• 26 cysts were not damaged
• 23 cysts had circumfenestrate vulval cone structures – Cactodera, Punctodera, Betulodera
• 3 cysts were bifenestrate – Heterodera
ResultsResults
• 15 circumfenestrate cysts had eggs or juveniles15 circumfenestrate cysts had eggs or juveniles• 1 bifenestrate cyst had eggs and juveniles
S i i ifi C• ITS sequencing, species‐specific PCR• Circumfenestrate cysts ITS matched Cactodera• Bifenestrate cyst ambiguous – Heterodera by morphology, SCN by 2/3 primer sets, Cactoderap gy, y / p ,by ITS sequencing
Juveniles and CystsJuveniles and Cysts
Circumfenestrate
Bifenestrate
ConclusionsConclusions
• Soybean fields primarily along Red River were Soybea e ds p a y a o g ed e e esampled
• SCN not confirmed in the fields• Cactodera present in extremely low abundance in about half of fields samples
• Cactodera poses no known pest threat• Resampled 6 fields Oct 2013 to obtain more undamaged bifenestrate and circumfenestrate cysts
• Propose to conduct a survey on light soils in i klWinkler‐Portage area
Acknowledgements• Soybean farmers• William Shaw Brad Sparling Patrick Finnsson• William Shaw, Brad Sparling, Patrick Finnsson, Megan Westphal for samplingF d MPGA MRAC A i lt d A i• Funders: MPGA, MRAC‐Agriculture and Agri‐Food Canada (CAAP program)
• Canada Research Chair Program in Applied Soil Ecology
Three Things Are ForeverThree Things Are Forever
• DiamondsDiamonds• TaxesSC• SCN