Preliminary national diagnostic for environment statistics · • Providing incentives for activities for energy-mix and fuel-switching programs. ... 14 February 2017 National Accounts

Preliminary national diagnostic for environment statistics

Country: PAKISTAN

Presenter: Dr. Muhammad Khalid Farooq

Event: Sub-Regional Workshop on Environment Statistics for South and South-West Asian Countries

Date: 6-8 February 2017

National Accounts Directorate 1

National Accounts Directorate 2 14 February 2017

National vision

• Our National Vision for Sustainable Development is based on National Sustainable Development Strategy (NSDS) which envisions to evolve a just and harmonious society in the country through promotion of a vibrant and equitable economic growth without overexploitation of natural resources with fair distribution of development dividends to all; in particular to the marginalized, poor and vulnerable in the society and to future generations.

• The national vision for biodiversity is to promote the conservation and sustainable use of Pakistan’s biodiversity, and the equitable sharing of benefits arising therefrom, for the well-being and security of the nation.


National vision

• The national vision on Green economy and Ecosystem:

• Separate vision statements in case of Pakistan are not available. However, these topics are covered under National Sustainable Development Strategy (NSDS).

• NSDS broadly covers Sustainable and Inclusive Economic Growth (Green Economy is part of it), Social & Human Development and Environmentally Sustainable Development (Ecosystem and Biodiversity are part of it)


Policy priorities and policy tools

Sustainable Development Policy priorities include: • Promotion of cleaner production and encouraging sustainable

consumption patterns in society.

• Prioritization of reversal of inefficiencies in the water, energy and agriculture sectors.

• Internalization of environmental costs in all economic decisions and linking with global financial architecture to incentivize a green economy and to generate new job opportunities.

• Alleviation of poverty and promoting equity amongst society.

• Conservation of natural resource base, protection of biodiversity and management of fragile ecosystems through an integrated natural resource management approach.



• Enhancing the life support system by addressing air and water pollution and reducing the ecological footprint of growth through strengthening the regulatory framework and community based interventions.

• Management of climate change and its accompanying uncertainties through comprehensive adaptation and mitigation planning, and concrete implementation measure.

Planned Policy tools/strategies:

There are number of strategies planned to attain sustainable development.

These strategies will work to attain different objectives under each sector and are given in coming slides:



Water sector:

Objective 1: Water conservation through appropriate techniques and measures Related strategies to achieve the objective include:

• Provision of incentives for adoption of more efficient irrigation techniques.

• Development of local rainwater harvesting measures

Objective 2: To increase awareness to adapt to changing water resource situation due to climate change Related strategies to achieve the objective include:

• Enhancement of public awareness to underscore the importance of conservation and sustainable use of water resources.



Water sector:

Objective 3: To develop and implement integrated water resource management Related strategies to achieve the objective include:

• Groundwater protection through management and technical measures and development of wastewater recycling and its reuse.

Objective 4: To develop and enforce legislative and regulatory framework to protect water resources from climate change. Related strategies to achieve the objective include:

• Legislating and Enforcing laws and regulations required for efficient water resource management, conservation and groundwater regulatory framework.



Water sector:

Objective 5: To enhance capacity to manage the country’s hydrological system. Related strategies to achieve the objective include: • Preparing a comprehensive inventory of all water resources, including surface

and ground water • Strengthening the present hydrological network to monitor river flows and flood

warning systems.

Objective 6: To develop climate resilient water infrastructure and strengthen it according to the needs. Related strategies to achieve the objective include: • Enhancing country’s water storages capacities. • Ensuring the early rehabilitation, remodelling and up-gradation of existing

irrigation infrastructure in the country



• Energy Sector:

Objective 1: To develop and enhance renewable energy sources and uses to achieve green growth in the energy sector. Related strategies to achieve the objective include:

• Development and promotion of hydropower generation on priority.

• Promoting development of renewable energy resources and technologies.

Objective 2: To develop and obtain clean energy technologies and uses to achieve low carbon growth. Related strategies to achieve the objective include:

• Obtaining technological know-how and transfer of clean coal technologies.

• Installing plants to generate power from municipal waste.

• Providing incentives for activities for energy-mix and fuel-switching programs.



Energy Sector:

Objective 3: To reduce total energy demand through conservation and efficiency. Related strategies to achieve the objective include:

• Conserving energy and improving energy efficiency

• Enacting and enforcing energy conservation legislation and audit standards

• Ensuring quality management of energy production and supply.

• Improving energy efficiency in building and use of energy efficient electric appliances.



• Agriculture Sector:

• Objective 1: To reduce greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture and livestock sector.

• Related strategies to achieve the objective include:

• Greenhouse gas emissions reduction through improved management and techniques in agriculture and livestock sector.

• Development of climate model to predict climate change impact on agricultural activities at local scale.

• Forestry:

• Objective 1: To improve the understanding of forests and climate relationship through enhanced scientific research.

• Addressing the essential knowledge gap about climate change impact on

Pakistan’s forests through research on forest adaptation.



• Forestry:

• Objective 2: To improve governance and management of forests. Related strategies to achieve the objective include:

• Promoting best practices of Sustainable Forest Management (SFM) via setting appropriate Criteria and Indicators (C&I) to ensure the social and environmental values and services from forests.

• Objective 3: To intensify mass awareness and build capacities of institutions and professionals on climate change adaptation.

Related strategies to achieve the objective include:

• Raising awareness among general public, forest communities and enhancing capacities of forest professionals on forestry and climate change adaptation.


Institutions

Stakeholders in environment sustainable development and green economy policy:

• Stakeholders are classified into Data Providers and data users.

Data Providers

Ministry of Environment Pakistan Alternative Energy Development Board

Ministry of Climate Change Water and Sanitation Agency

Pakistan Bureau of Statistics Tehsil Municipal Administration

Hydrocarbon Development Institute of Pakistan Pakistan Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission

National Electric Power Regulatory Authority National Institute of Oceanography

National Transmission and Dispatch Company Pakistan Meteorological Department

Water and Power Development Authority Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission


Institutions

Stakeholders in environment sustainable development and green economy policy:

Data Users

International National

International academic institutions National academic Institutions

United Nations Statistics Division Government of Pakistan

Asian Development Bank Non-Governmental Organizations

World Bank Non-Profit organizations

Japan International Cooperation Agency


Institutions

Institutional mechanisms in place to make sustainability and green economy decisions:

• Federal Biodiversity Steering Committee,

• Provincial Biodiversity Steering Committees

• Prime Minister’s Committee on Climate Change (PMCCC) and a multi-stakeholder and inter-ministerial Core Advisory group on climate change

• Ministry of Environment, Local Government and Rural Development is responsible for policy decisions on various issues concerning the environment.


Institutions

The role of the National Statistical office:

• As the national sustainable development priorities are in the stage of implementation; therefore National Statistical Office (NSO) is only reporting the relevant data for policy makers and other interested institutions.

• NSO is not collecting data on the specific environmental indicators. However it is publishing environment related data which is obtained through other sources.

• It is expected that in future, the office will start preparing environmental accounts, once the strategies mentioned above are implemented by the government.


Knowledge

Key Documents and data sources:

• National Forest Policy (Ministry of Climate Change)

• National Climate Change Policy (Ministry of Climate Change)

• National Sanitation Policy (Ministry of Climate Change)

• Drinking Water Policy (Ministry of Climate Change)

• Technical Cooperation for Capacity Building for Solid Waste Management (Ministry of Environment)

• Wind Energy Project (Pakistan Meteorological Department),

• Hydropower Potential (Water and Power Development Authority)

• Compendium of Environment Statistics Pakistan (PBS)


Existing Compilations

• Mineral and energy resources (physical and monetary)

• Land cover and land use (physical)

• Soil Resources (Physical)

• Timber resources (physical and monetary)

• Aquatic resources (fish and crustaceans) (physical and monetary)

• Municipal Solid Waste


Context

Other national statistical development activities

• Current Activities

• Data development according to SNA 2008.

• Use of Pakistan Standard Industrial Classifications (PSIC) 2010.

• Environment related data dissemination (not accounts).

• Planned activities

• Change of Base of National Accounts from 2005-06 to 2015-16.

• Supply and Use Table 2015-16.


Context

International activities focused on environment, sustainable development, biodiversity or green economy:

• Sustainable Land Management to Combat Desertification (UNDP)

• Promoting Sustainable Transport (UNDP)

• Barrier Removal to Energy Efficiency Standards and Labelling (JICA)

• Technical Cooperation for Establishment of Environmental Monitoring System (JICA)

• Introduction of Clean Energy by Solar Electricity Generation System (JICA)

• Access to Clean Energy Investment (ADB)

• Hydropower Development Investment Program (ADB)

• Sustainable Energy Sector Reform Program (ADB)


Priorities

• Priority accounts (provisional) and indicators:

• The significance of the environmental Accounts could be foreseen under the Pillar IV of the proposed development framework (Vision 2025), which focuses on sufficient, reliable, clean and cost-effective availability of energy, water and food. The Proper Accounting framework like SEEA is essential to monitor the progress on this Pillar.

• The proposed indicators for the development of SEEA for which data is required are as under:

• Material Flow accounts, Air emission, water use and emission, Physical energy flow, Timber from Farmland, environmental goods and services, Expenditure on environment protection.


Constraints and Opportunities

Constraints

• For all accounts mentioned above, the NSO lacks capacity building in terms of lack of awareness, training and limited availability of human and financial resources.

Opportunities

• For all accounts/indicators, immediate requirement is capacity building through trainings and refresher courses about development of data related to environmental accounts.

Thanks

Pakistan Bureau of Statistics

14 February 2017 National Accounts Directorate 23