R National Defense Research Institute DINA G.LEVY HARRY J. THIE ALBERT A. ROBBERT SCOTT NAFTEL CHARLES CANNON RUDY EHRENBERG MATTHEW GERSHWIN Prepared for the Office of the Secretary of Defense Approved for public release; distribution unlimited CHARACTERIZING THE FUTURE DEFENSE WORKFORCE
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R
National Defense Research Institute
DINA G.LEVY
HARRY J. THIE
ALBERT A. ROBBERT
SCOTT NAFTEL
CHARLES CANNON
RUDY EHRENBERG
MATTHEW GERSHWIN
Prepared for theOffice of the Secretary of Defense
Approved for public release; distribution unlimited
CHARACTERIZINGTHE
FUTUREDEFENSE
WORKFORCE
The research described in this report was sponsored by the Office of the Secretary of Defense (OSD). The research was conducted in RAND’s National Defense Research Institute, a federally funded research and development center supported by the OSD, the Joint Staff, the unified commands, and the defense agencies under Contract DASW01-01-C-0004.
RAND is a nonprofit institution that helps improve policy and decisionmaking through research and analysis. RAND® is a registered trademark. RAND’s publications do not necessarily reflect the opinions or policies of its research sponsors.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form by any electronic or mechanical means (including photocopying, recording, or information storage and retrieval) without permission in writing from RAND.
Published 2001 by RAND1700 Main Street, P.O. Box 2138, Santa Monica, CA 90407-2138
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Characterizing the future defense workforce / Dina G. Levy ... [et al.]. p. cm. “MR-1304.” Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 0-8330-2965-7 1. United States—Armed Forces—Occupational specialties. 2. United States—Armed Forces—Civilian employees—Classification. I. Levy, Dina G.
UB337 .C43 2001 355.3'0973—dc21
2001020494
iii
PREFACE
The Director for Manpower and Personnel, J1, the Joint Staff, has hada long-standing interest in the types of service personnel who will beneeded in the future and whether they will be different from pastpersonnel. As a result, the research reported here has been spon-sored by three successive incumbents in that office. The DeputyAssistant Secretary of Defense for Civilian Personnel Policy alsobecame interested in how change in the defense environment mightaffect the defense civil service workforce and became an additionalsponsor of the research. In response to these interests, RANDdeveloped a study that addressed both military and civilianworkforces.
This report provides our assessment of the change in levels of work(generalized work activities and work context) and worker character-istics (knowledge, skills, and abilities) that will be needed in the envi-ronment visualized in the Joint Staff’s Joint Vision 2010 (JCS, 1995).Study findings should be of interest to military personnel managers,analysts, and policymakers. In particular, those involved in occupa-tional analysis and management, training, and education will findthe detailed data included in appendices of interest. The appendicesalso contain details about our conceptual approach, which should beof more interest to the analytical community.
This research was conducted for the Under Secretary of Defense forPersonnel and Readiness and for the Joint Staff within the Forces andResources Policy Center of RAND’s National Defense Research Insti-tute (NDRI). NDRI is a federally funded research and development
iv Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
center sponsored by the Office of the Secretary of Defense, the JointStaff, the unified commands, and the defense agencies.
v
CONTENTS
Preface ......................................... iii
Figures ......................................... ix
Tables.......................................... xi
Summary ....................................... xv
Acknowledgments................................. xvii
Acronyms ....................................... xix
Characterizing the Past and Future Contexts......... 3Characterizing Expected Changes in Work and
Workers.................................. 3Workforce Shaping and Development ............. 7
Organization of the Report ....................... 7
Chapter TwoMETHODOLOGY AND DATA CHARACTERISTICS ...... 9Characterizing Past Work and Workers .............. 9
The O*NET Analyst Database .................... 9Importing O*NET Data into a Structure for the Defense
Workforce ................................ 10Making Data Collection Manageable .............. 12
vi Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
Characterizing Future Work and Workers............. 13Analytical Approach ............................ 16Characteristics of the Data ....................... 17
Chapter ThreeEXPECTED CHANGES IN WORK AND WORKERS....... 19Changes in Dimensions Within Occupational Clusters ... 19Changes Across Domains Within Occupational Clusters.. 23Changes Across Workforces....................... 26
Themes .................................... 26Corresponding Change in the Private Sector ......... 28
Chapter FourWORKFORCE SHAPING AND DEVELOPMENT ........ 33Workforce Shaping and Development Tools........... 33Potential Effects ............................... 35
Chapter FiveCONCLUSIONS AND OBSERVATIONS .............. 39
AppendixA. O*NET Dimensions by Domain .................... 41B. Differences Between Groups of Raters ............... 47C. Cluster Analysis................................ 49D. Distribution of Expected Dimension-Level Increases by
Occupational Cluster ........................... 59E. Dimensions with Expected Higher Levels Within
Occupational Cluster ........................... 63F. Army Occupations by Occupational Cluster ........... 81G. Navy Occupations by Occupational Cluster ........... 93H. Air Force Occupations by Occupational Cluster ........ 139I. Marine Corps Occupations by Occupational Cluster..... 185J. Defense Civil Service Occupations by Occupational
2.1. Crosswalks from the O*NET to Occupational Clustersfor Military and Civilian Occupations............. 11
2.2. Definition and Task List for One OccupationalCluster ................................... 14
2.3. Sample Rating Sheet ......................... 153.1. Distribution of Occupational Clusters by Number of
Changed Dimensions ........................ 203.2. Distribution of Occupational Clusters by Size and
Number of Changed Dimensions................ 214.1. Relationship of Workforce Shaping and Development
Tools to Domains of Work and WorkerCharacteristics ............................. 35
xi
TABLES
1.1. Comparison of Past and Future Missions,Organization, and Technology.................. 4
3.1. Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—Aircraft,Automotive, and Electrical Maintenance Specialists .. 22
3.2. Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—ComputerSystems Specialists .......................... 23
3.3. Occupational Clusters with Significant DomainChanges and the Numbers of Included Occupationsand Personnel.............................. 25
3.4. Dimensions with Greatest Expected Change byWorkforce Segment.......................... 27
3.5. Themes Among Dimensions Requiring GreatestChange................................... 29
A.1. Dimensions Within the Generalized Work ActivitiesDomain .................................. 41
A.2. Dimensions Within the Work Context Domain...... 42A.3. Dimensions Within the Knowledge Domain........ 44A.4. Dimensions Within the Skills Domain ............ 44A.5. Dimensions Within the Abilities Domain .......... 45B.1. Number and Mean Change Score of Civilian and
Military Analysts by Affiliation .................. 47B.2. Proportion of Ratings Predicting Change and Mean
Nonzero Change Score by Affiliation ............. 48C.1. Clusters of MOTD Occupations ................. 53C.2. Clusters of Uniquely Military Occupations ......... 58D.1. Distribution of Occupational Clusters by Service, Size,
and Number of Changed Dimensions ............ 60
xii Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
E.1. Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—SpecialOperations Forces........................... 63
E.2. Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—Administrative, Personnel, and Supply Specialists ... 64
E.3. Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—Aircraft,Automotive, and Electrical Maintenance Specialists .. 64
E.4. Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—Air TrafficControllers ................................ 65
E.5. Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—AirplaneNavigators ................................ 66
E.6. Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—Communications Managers ................... 66
E.7. Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—Communications Operators ................... 67
E.8. Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—ComputerSystems Specialists .......................... 68
E.9. Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—Constructionand Engineering Operators .................... 68
E.10. Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—CombatArms..................................... 69
E.11. Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—Dental andPharmacy Specialists......................... 69
E.12. Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—Divers ..... 70E.13. Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—Emergency
Management and Laboratory Specialists .......... 70E.14. Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—
Environmental Health and Safety Specialists ....... 71E.15. Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—Finance and
Accounting Managers ........................ 71E.16. Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—
Firefighters ................................ 71E.17. Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—Flight
Engineers ................................. 72E.18. Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—Functional
Specialty Managers .......................... 72E.19. Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—Aircraft
Launch and Recovery Specialists ................ 72E.20. Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—Health,
Education, and Welfare Workers ................ 72
Tables xiii
E.21. Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—IntelligenceSpecialists................................. 73
E.22. Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—LawEnforcement Specialists ...................... 73
E.23. Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—LegalSpecialists and Court Reporters ................. 73
E.24. Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—LifeScientists ................................. 74
E.25. Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—Machinists,Technicians, and Cargo Specialists ............... 74
E.26. Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—MedicalService and Medical Care Technicians ............ 74
E.27. Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—Musiciansand Media Directors ......................... 75
E.28. Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—Non-Destructive Testers .......................... 75
E.29. Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—OrdnanceSpecialists................................. 75
E.30. Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—Nurses andPhysical Therapists .......................... 75
E.31. Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—OptometryTechnicians ................................ 75
E.32. Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—Photographic and Audiovisual Specialists ......... 76
E.33. Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—Physicians,Surgeons, and Optometrists ................... 76
E.34. Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—Pilots andShip/Submarine Operators .................... 76
E.35. Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—PostalDirectors.................................. 77
E.36. Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—PrecisionEquipment Repairers ........................ 77
E.37. Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—PreventiveMaintenance Analysts ........................ 77
E.38. Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—PublicInformation Managers and Journalists............ 77
E.39. Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—Radar andSonar Operators ............................ 77
E.40. Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—RecruitingSpecialists................................. 78
xiv Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
E.41. Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—Scientistsand Engineers.............................. 78
E.42. Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—ShipEngineers and Air Crew Members ............... 78
E.43. Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—Surveyorsand Mappers............................... 79
E.44. Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—Transportation Specialists..................... 79
E.45. Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—VehicleDrivers ................................... 79
E.46. Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—WeatherPersonnel ................................. 79
K.1. Army Occupational Codes and RAND OccupationalClusters .................................. 215
K.2. Navy Occupational Codes and RAND OccupationalClusters .................................. 218
K.3. Air Force Occupational Codes and RANDOccupational Clusters........................ 230
K.4. Marine Corps Occupational Codes and RANDOccupational Clusters........................ 238
K.5. Civil Service Occupational Codes and RANDOccupational Clusters........................ 241
xv
SUMMARY
During the early 1990s, the Department of Defense (DoD) began tochange its focus from the Cold War to pursue more diverse missions.Questions arose about how future changes in military missions, or-ganizations, and technology would affect the nature of military workand the characteristics of the military and civilian members of theDoD workforce.
To address these questions, RAND undertook an occupational-levelanalysis of the effects of the future environment on the characteris-tics of DoD work and workers. The occupational framework chosenfor this analysis is the Department of Labor’s Occupational Informa-tion Network (O*NET). Each occupation is rated on 232 dimensionsspread across five domains: generalized work activities, work con-text, knowledge, skills, and abilities. To make the O*NET frameworkmore relevant to the DoD workforce and to reduce the number of oc-cupational groupings to a manageable level, RAND transformedO*NET’s 1,122 occupations, through a series of crosswalks andcluster analyses, to 46 occupational clusters.
To contrast the characteristics of future work and workers againstthose of the past (as represented in the available O*NET database),RAND sought to obtain new rating scores on O*NET occupational di-mensions, predicated on a general description of the future DoD en-vironment. For a characterization of the future environment, weused Joint Vision 2010 (JCS, 1995), a projection developed by theJoint Staff, and other related information. New rating scores wereassigned by several groups of occupational analysts—some whowork in military occupational analysis and some who participated in
xvi Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
developing the original O*NET ratings. RAND then analyzed the dif-ferences between future and past scores to determine the dimen-sions in which significant change is expected. We highlightedchanges within occupational clusters and those that occur moregenerally across military and civilian workforces.
On the whole, we find that despite the many changes anticipated inDoD processes as a result of the revolutions in military and businessaffairs, relatively small subsets of work and worker characteristics areexpected to change. We predict no significant changes in workerabilities, a finding that implies that given existing selection andtraining processes, and given the workforce shaping and develop-ment tools available to DoD human resources managers, current andprospective workforces should be able to adapt to the expectedchanges. The changes anticipated in the remaining characteristics ofwork and workers separate into four broad themes: an enhancedservice orientation, more advanced technical knowledge and skills,better problem-solving skills, and an increase in the need to stay cur-rent. We found evidence that these themes are consistent with ongo-ing change in the broader U.S. work environment outside of DoD.
xvii
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
We wish to thank the many people who assisted us at importanttimes in our research. Anita Lancaster and John Fowlkes of the De-fense Manpower Data Center (DMDC) were the source of particu-larly useful information. George Nebeling of ASM Research, Inc. (afirm providing occupational data support to DMDC), provided in-valuable assistance. They helped immeasurably by giving us accessto DMDC’s occupational databases and classification system cross-walks.
The Department of Labor (DoL), in the process of researching andimplementing a new occupational system for the United States, al-lowed us to use its research and databases for our project. KristenFiske of the DoL O*NET project was particularly helpful. Jay Tartellof the Air Force Occupational Measurement Squadron, Dr. JimMitchell of the Institute for Job and Occupational Analysis, Dr. DonDrewes of North Carolina State University, and a large number ofoccupational analysts in their respective organizations generouslycontributed their time and talents toward generating a complete setof occupational ratings.
We thank Dr. Diane Disney and Dr. Larry Lacy in the Office of theDeputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Civilian Personnel Policyfor their support of this research and their feedback at all stages ofthe project. Similarly, we are grateful to BrigGen Pat Adams for hissupport. RAND colleagues Eric Derghazarian and Laura Zakarascontributed to the research. The project also benefited fromthoughtful reviews by Roger Brown and Larry Hanser.
xix
ACRONYMS
AB Abilities
AFOMS Air Force Occupational Measurement Squadron
AFSC Air Force Specialty Code
DoD Department of Defense
DMDC Defense Manpower Data Center
DoL Department of Labor
DOT Dictionary of Occupational Titles
ETA Employment and Training Administration, U.S.Department of Labor
GWA Generalized Work Activities
HR Human Resources
IJOA Institute for Job and Occupational Analysis
JCS Joint Chiefs of Staff
KN Knowledge
MOC Military Occupational Codes
MOS Military Occupational Specialty
MOTD Military Occupational Training Database
xx Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
NCES National Center for Education Statistics, U.S.Department of Education
NCSU North Carolina State University
NDRI National Defense Research Institute
ODB Occupational Data Base
O*NET Occupational Information Network
OOTW Operations Other Than War
OPM U.S. Office of Personnel Management
OSD Office of the Secretary of Defense
SK Skills
WC Work Context
1
Chapter One
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
During the early 1990s, the Department of Defense (DoD) began tochange its focus from the Cold War to multiple contingencies of vari-ous sizes and scope. Even as the military services got smaller, theywere increasingly asked to pursue more diverse missions. Questionsarose about how current and future changes would affect the natureof military work and the characteristics of successful workers. Wouldthe future warrior need to be significantly different from his ColdWar counterpart?
Following publication of Joint Vision 2010 (JCS, 1995), RAND wasasked by the Director for Manpower and Personnel (J1) on the JointStaff how the concepts elaborated there and in the succeeding im-plementation documents would affect both future military work andfuture personnel in the Army, Navy, Air Force, and Marine Corps.Shortly thereafter, the Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense forCivilian Personnel Policy asked similar questions about the defensecivil service workforce. Both were interested in learning about thespecific ways that work and workers in existing occupations wouldneed to change given the anticipated changes in future defense mis-sions, organization, and technology outlined in Joint Vision 2010.
SCOPE
The scope of this workforce planning project was large. We wereasked to provide answers for a workforce of 1.4 million active military
2 Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
and 800,000 defense civilians representing thousands of occupationsdescribed in at least seven defense occupational classification sys-tems. Although we did not study the reserve components directly,changes projected for military work context and activities and formilitary personnel characteristics and attributes will affect them aswell.
Sponsor direction limited the scope of the project in several ways.First, the sponsors wanted to understand the effect of Joint Vision2010 on the defense workforce, not the potential effects of multiplepossible futures. This limited our focus to a single scenario for a pe-riod of time about 10 years distant. Second, we were not asked toaddress how the force structure might change in terms of the num-bers of civilian or military workers. We were asked to focus on howcharacteristics of occupations and workers might change—anequally challenging but different task. Finally, the use of new toolsand techniques in occupational analysis enabled us to condense ex-isting data and collect new data more efficiently than was previouslypossible.
THREE KEY QUESTIONS
We identified the following three key questions whose answerswould facilitate workforce planning for the year 2010:
• What changes in military missions, organizations, and technol-ogy are anticipated by 2010?
• To what extent will changes in military missions, organizations,and technology affect defense work context and activities?
• How will changes in work affect the desired characteristics ofworkers?
To answer each of these questions, our general strategy was to char-acterize both the past and the future state of affairs in each case andto compare the two to determine change. The focus of this study ison change, in detail, for work and the workforce under a Joint Vision2010 scenario compared to a Cold War environment.
Introduction 3
APPROACH
Characterizing the Past and Future Contexts
We drew on a number of sources for our analysis. Joint Vision 2010(JCS, 1995) and its companion implementation plan provided as-sumptions about the future context. Other documents, such as theDefense Planning Guidance (Cohen, 1997), were used as supplementsto help answer the first key question: What changes in military mis-sions, organizations, and technology are anticipated by 2010? Thepast defense context was derived from comparable documents forearlier periods. Characterizations of the past and future environ-ments derived from these sources are summarized in Table 1.1. Thismaterial provided the answer to the first of our three key questionsand became the basis for answering the next two questions.
Characterizing Expected Changes in Work and Workers
In developing our approach to answering the second and third ques-tions about changes in work and workers, we sought to avoid broadcharacterizations of the workforce that other studies have used andinstead to identify a detailed and comprehensive model of work andworkers for a wide range of occupations. We found these desiredcharacteristics in the Occupational Information Network (O*NET),commissioned by the Department of Labor (DoL).
O*NET is a comprehensive system for collecting, organizing, describ-ing, and disseminating data on job characteristics and worker at-tributes. It is both a classification and a description system. O*NETreplaces DoL’s Dictionary of Occupational Titles (DOT) and alsoprovides a new conceptual framework that reflects the advancedtechnologies, adaptable workplace structures, and wide-rangingskills required by today’s changing workplace. It contains informa-tion on work content and the context in which work is done as wellas on the knowledge, skills, and abilities of workers (the domains ofthe database).1
______________1O*NET is sponsored by DoL’s Employment and Training Administration with re-gional support provided by five Occupational Analysis Field Centers and fourAssessment Research and Development Program Centers.
4 Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
Table 1.1
Comparison of Past and Future Missions, Organization, and Technology
Past Missions Future MissionsSingle mission Multiple missions
Primary focus on countering theother superpower
One vital interest
Multiple adversaries and globalconcerns
Multiple vital, nonvital, and humanitarianinterests
One primary threat
One primary location—Europe
Multiple threats and concerns (military andnonmilitary)
Multiple locations worldwide
Objective of destruction
Simple doctrine
Objective of containment or peacefulresolution
Multiple doctrines
Preparation for warfighting
Secondary emphasis on othermissions
Preparation for peacekeeping and operationsother than war (OOTW)
Multiple and diverse missions
Clear distinction between friendsand foes
Multiple allies and adversaries—andconstantly changing
In-house support structure Oversight of outsourced support
Adoption of efficiency and effectivenesspractices found in the private sector
Past Organization Future OrganizationOSD, JCS, and services Same
Clearly defined roles for militaryand civilian, enlisted and officer
Clear historical allies
Centralized planning andcentralized execution
Overlapping roles
New, different, changing allies
Centralized planning and decentralizedexecution
Hierarchical organization and rigidprocesses
Less hierarchical organization and fluid,flexible processes
Introduction 5
Table 1.1 (continued)
Past Organization Future Organization
Limited employment/deploymentscenarios
Greater linkage between organiza-tions and technology
Procedures and conditions clearer
Increasing importance and role of unifiedcommands
More decentralized operations and support
Multiple scenarios and locations
Accelerates
Procedures and conditions murkier, moreand more fixed
Clearer distinction between militaryand civilian
flexible and changing
Less distinction; more civilians on or near thebattlefield
Past Technology Future TechnologyMore technology and greater effecthave made the world a smallerplace
Able to anticipate technologicaladvances
Wide range of technological
Continues
Advances more difficult to anticipate
Greater parity in technologydiversity relative to potentialadversaries
Emphasis on nuclear weapons andmilitary firepower
Weapons require increasing skill
Many different instruments for resolvingconflict (economics, etc.)
Accelerates
Focus on weapons Focus on management and support
Increased reliance on informationtechnology for precision engagement
Increased reliance on information technologyfor focused logistics
6 Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
We entered into an agreement with DoL to use O*NET materials asthe basis of our occupational model, which gave us access to their re-search and to a database of occupational information.2 Because theO*NET database provided both past data and a good framework, wechose to make use of the O*NET model and data-collection materialsin our effort to collect data about the future.
Fifty-two occupational analysts provided ratings for the future.Eleven of them were graduate students in occupational analysis atNorth Carolina State University (NCSU), some of whom hadparticipated in parts of the O*NET project. Thirty-five analysts fromthe Air Force Occupational Measurement Squadron (AFOMS)—17civilian and 18 military personnel—also provided ratings. Finally, sixcivilian analysts from the Institute for Job and Occupational Analysis(IJOA) participated in the project. Twenty-five percent of the ratershad prior experience working with O*NET.
We chose to use job analysts, as opposed to job incumbents or su-pervisors, as raters for a number of reasons. First, the information inthe O*NET database was provided by occupational analysts, andgiven our intention to compare ratings of the future with ratingsfrom the O*NET database, it seemed most sensible to use the sametypes of raters. Second, as noted in the O*NET Final TechnicalReport (1997), job analysts are commonly considered to be more ob-jective in their consideration of job requirements, to have a broaderperspective when evaluating those requirements, and to be more ex-perienced in completing questionnaires covering multiple occupa-tions. Given this perspective and our emphasis on changes acrossmany occupations, job analysts emerged as the preferred choice overother potential raters with more specialized knowledge of a singleoccupation. Finally, several studies cited in the O*NET FinalTechnical Report have found high agreement between ratings ob-tained from analysts, incumbents, and supervisors.
The resulting dataset of past and future occupational ratings is largeand comprehensive. Each combination of 232 O*NET occupational
______________2At the time we conducted our research, the O*NET database consisted of occupa-tional ratings rendered by occupational analysts. DoL plans to release a richerdatabase in the future, incorporating ratings by incumbents of the various occupa-tions.
Introduction 7
dimensions and 46 DoD occupational clusters was rated by betweensix and nine analysts, yielding over 80,000 independent data pointsand 10,672 mean change scores (differences between past ratingsand mean future ratings on a specific dimension in a specific occu-pation).
It is important to note that earlier efforts to characterize the nature ofwork and workers needed in the future have consisted mainly ofloosely framed general statements of expert opinion about futuretrends. Our approach results in a much larger collection of detailedjudgments organized along a common set of comprehensive dimen-sions. This new approach has a number of advantages. First, ana-lysts are forced to quantify their opinions, increasing their degree ofprecision and permitting reliable statistical analysis of the data.Second, the use of a common set of rating scales enables comparisonacross analysts. Finally, analysts must dissect their general opinionsabout the future and think about the implications for very specificcharacteristics of work and workers, occupation by occupation. Thisenhanced level of detail allows for explicit differentiation betweenaspects of work and workers that are different in subtle ways or thatwould not normally be separated in the analyst’s mind. For thesereasons, the data presented in this report comprise the most detailedand comprehensive collection of opinions about future defense workand workers reported to date.
Workforce Shaping and Development
Of course, once needed changes in work and workers are identified,DoD human resource (HR) managers might contemplate the kinds ofshifts in workforce shaping and development tools needed to ac-commodate the expected changes. We therefore included a consid-eration of the ways in which tools such as classification, selection,promotion, training, education, compensation, acculturation, andretention might be used to bring about the changes identified in thisstudy.
ORGANIZATION OF THE REPORT
Chapter Two provides the detailed methodology we used to answerthe sponsors’ questions and describes the characteristics of the data
8 Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
and our analysis. Chapter Three presents our findings regardingchanges in selected occupational clusters and in selected character-istics of work and workers. This chapter also includes observationsabout the private sector trends in these characteristics. We offer ourthoughts on workforce shaping and development in Chapter Fourand conclusions and implications in Chapter Five. Several appen-dices provide additional detail about the analysis, in particular, de-tails of our analysis for individual occupational clusters in each mili-tary service and in the defense civil service workforce.
9
Chapter Two
METHODOLOGY AND DATA CHARACTERISTICS
CHARACTERIZING PAST WORK AND WORKERS
As discussed in the introduction, comprehensive information on pastwork and workers was available to us through O*NET. We relied onO*NET’s assessments to provide a reasonable baseline against whichto compare expected future occupational requirements.
The O*NET Analyst Database
The O*NET Analyst Database contains quantitative ratings of thelevel, importance, and frequency of 232 work- and worker-relateddimensions for 1,122 occupations. Occupational analysts and grad-uate students in industrial/organizational psychology participatingin the O*NET Direct Rating Project provided the ratings captured inthis database.
The work-related dimensions fall into two domains: generalizedwork activities (GWA) and work context (WC). Worker-related di-mensions fall into three domains: knowledge (KN), skills (SK), andabilities (AB). These domains are described as follows (ETA, 1998):
• Generalized work activities: general types of job behaviors oc-curring on multiple jobs;
• Work context: physical and social factors that influence the na-ture of work, including interpersonal relationships, physical workconditions, and structural job characteristics;
10 Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
• Knowledge: organized sets of principles and facts applying ingeneral work settings;
• Skills: developed capacities to perform tasks, predicated, in part,on the individual’s possession of relevant underlying abilities;and
• Abilities: enduring attributes of the individual that influence per-formance; regarded as traits in that they exhibit some degree ofstability over relatively long periods of time.
Dimensions included within each domain are listed in Appendix A.Definitions of these dimensions can be found in O*NET materials.See, for example, the O*NET 98 Data Dictionary (ETA, 1998),available through the Internet at http://www.doleta.gov/programs/onet.
Although the general structure and content of the O*NET databasewere for the most part well suited to our purposes, changes and ad-ditions were necessary in several areas. First, the database was notstructured along the lines of the defense workforce. To aid in ouranalysis, we restructured the data to reflect defense occupationalclassifications. Second, to make data collection manageable, weneeded to reduce the number of ratings required for a compre-hensive picture of the future defense workforce. The O*NET DirectRating Project took place on a much larger scale than was permittedin this project. Finally, the O*NET database was missing data onpurely military, combat-oriented occupations. We address each ofthese additions and changes in turn.
Importing O*NET Data into a Structure for the DefenseWorkforce
The effort to restructure past data and to allow analysis of the de-fense workforce required crosswalks through several occupationalclassification systems for military and civilian occupations. The ob-jective was to place both military and civilian occupations in a com-mon framework and to import available O*NET occupational ratingsinto this framework. We selected the Military Occupational TrainingDatabase (MOTD) as the common framework because crosswalks
Methodology and Data Characteristics 11
from the four services’ military occupational classification structureswere readily available.1 The crosswalks are depicted in Figure 2.1.
For military occupations, ratings for the 232 dimensions in theO*NET database were assigned to corresponding militaryoccupational codes (MOCs) for each service using an existing O*NETcrosswalk.2 In this step, 468 of the 1,122 O*NET occupations werematched to 5,300 MOCs.3 Next, we used available crosswalks fromthe service MOCs to 141 occupations in the MOTD. In this secondstep, ratings were weighted according to the numbers of people in
RANDMR1304-2.1-1100
O*NET(468 of 1,122occupations)
42occupationalclusters and
4 combat clusters
Weighted MOTDprofiles
(141occupations)
Militaryservicesystems
(5,300occupations)
O*NET(663 of 1,122occupations)
38occupational
clusters
Weighted MOTDprofiles
(141occupations)
OPMsystem
(592occupations)
Existingcrosswalk
Existingcrosswalk
Cluster
Newcrosswalk
Existingcrosswalk
Cluster
Figure 2.1—Crosswalks from the O*NET to Occupational Clusters forMilitary and Civilian Occupations
______________1The MOTD is maintained by the Defense Manpower Data Center (DMDC) as part ofthe Occupational Data Base (ODB). The MOTD is the basis for a DoD publicationcalled Military Careers, which was developed to help educators and youth learn aboutthe many career opportunities the military has to offer. The MOTD containsdescriptions of 141 aggregate enlisted and officer occupations that have common task,training, aptitude, and experience profiles. Crosswalks between various military andother occupational classification systems are part of the ODB.2The MOCs are, for example, military occupational specialties (MOSs) or Air Forcespecialty codes (AFSCs).3In the crosswalk from O*NET occupations to MOCs, for cases in which one O*NEToccupation corresponded to multiple MOCs, the same O*NET rating was applied to allequivalent MOCs. The same procedure was followed in all cases where a crosswalkmatched one occupation to many occupations.
12 Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
each MOC and then combined to produce a single rating for anMOTD occupation.
An analogous route was followed in the case of civilian occupations,but the intermediate occupational categories used were taken fromcivil service occupational series established by the U.S. Office ofPersonnel Management (OPM). Here, 663 O*NET occupations corre-sponded to 592 civil service occupations found within DoD. In thesecond step of this transformation, we devised our own crosswalk tomap the civil service occupations to the MOTD occupations.4
Making Data Collection Manageable
Even after restructuring the data as described above, the data-collec-tion task was too large. We chose two of several options for reducingthe scope of the task. First, we collected ratings on only the levelscale for each dimension. Ratings of the level, importance, and fre-quency of dimensions tend to be highly correlated, and we were pri-marily interested in level, so we excluded the importance and fre-quency ratings from our analysis. Second, we conducted a clusteranalysis to further reduce the number of occupational clusters to beevaluated. The cluster analysis produced 42 occupational clustersplus four clusters of combat specialties. All of these occupationalclusters exist in the military services; 38 of them exist in the DoD civilservice workforce. Appendix C contains a list of the 46 occupationalclusters and the details of the cluster analysis.
Once the cluster analysis was completed, we created titles for thenew occupational clusters based on the occupations they comprisedand compiled new task lists from the MOTD and OPM database toreflect the occupations included in each cluster. The tasks chosen torepresent occupations in the occupational cluster were based on theweighting of occupations in the cluster. That is, occupations withgreater numbers of workers in them were given more weight in se-lecting tasks to describe the overall occupational cluster. The new
______________4These transformations underscore the multiplicity of job classification and descrip-tion systems and of jobs themselves throughout DoD. We aggregated thousands ofthese jobs into 46 occupational clusters that met our analytical needs. We note thatperhaps a concerted effort on the part of military and civilian managers could lead to auseful simplification of the multiple systems now in use.
Methodology and Data Characteristics 13
occupational clusters, though broad, combined occupations thatwere highly similar in terms of their O*NET profiles.5 Likewise, occu-pations falling in different occupational clusters exhibited little over-lap in their O*NET profiles.
Appendices F through J contain listings of, respectively, the Army,Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, and civil service occupations withineach of the occupational clusters we created. Additionally, AppendixK contains a cross-reference index that can be used to determine theoccupational cluster containing a given military or civil service occu-pation code.
CHARACTERIZING FUTURE WORK AND WORKERS
To generate ratings of future work and workers, analysts were given ageneral description of past and future work environments and askedto determine how differences between these environments mightaffect specific occupations.6 Occupational clusters were assigned toanalysts using a Latin square design. For each cluster to be rated,analysts were given a definition and list of tasks. Figure 2.2 shows thedefinition and task list for a sample cluster.7
Analysts used rating sheets like the one depicted in Figure 2.3 torecord their ratings. This example was used to rate future levels forthe 26 dimensions in the ability domain for the Administrative,Personnel, and Supply Specialists occupational cluster. The abilitiesdimensions are listed down the left column along with their pastlevels adapted from the O*NET Analyst Database. For each ability,analysts were instructed to assume that the past level was accurateand to judge whether the level of the ability would stay the same or
______________5Nevertheless, some analysts expressed concerns about combinations of occupationsand of different positions (e.g., managerial compared to nonmanagerial) within thoseoccupations.6This material distinguished the Cold War environment that existed up to the late1980s from the expected future environment described in Joint Vision 2010. AppendixA contains a summary of the changes in missions, organizations, and technology thatwere outlined in this material.7Of course, as a result of the occupational clustering, analysts were able to predictchange only at the level of the cluster, not at a more detailed level. So, in effect, occu-pations clustered together would be assumed to change in the same direction.
14 Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
ADMINISTRATIVE, PERSONNEL, AND SUPPLY SPECIALISTS
Definition
Administrative, Personnel, and Support Specialists record infor-mation, type reports, and maintain files to assist in the operation of organizations. They may specialize in personnel management, shipping and receiving, financial affairs, medical records, or other general administrative duties.
Task Statements
Administrative, Personnel, and Supply Specialists perform some or all of the following duties:
Type letters, reports, requisition (order) forms, and official documents
Organize and maintain information and files, including personnel records, budgetary files, and medical records
Enter and retrieve personnel and other information using computer terminals
Record details of financial transactions on accounting forms
Audit financial records
Provide information about personnel programs and career guidance to personnel
Assign personnel to jobs and schedule training and leave
Perform inventory and financial management procedures, including ordering, receiving, and storing supplies
Locate, catalog, move, and display stock
RANDMR1304-2.2-1100
Figure 2.2—Definition and Task List for One Occupational Cluster
Methodology and Data Characteristics 15
Administrative, Personnel,and Supply Specialists
PastLevel
1 Oral Comprehension 3.7 0 Same 1 Change to:
Written Comprehension 3.7 0 Same 1 Change to:
3 Oral Expression 3.9 0 Same 1 Change to:
4 Written Expression 3.5 0 Same 1 Change to:
5 Fluency of Ideas 2.4 0 Same 1 Change to:
6 Originality 2.2 0 Same 1 Change to:
7 Problem Sensitivity 2.7 0 Same 1 Change to:
8 Deductive Reasoning 2.8 0 Same 1 Change to:
9 Inductive Reasoning 2.5 0 Same 1 Change to:
10 Information Ordering 3.1 0 Same 1 Change to:
11 Category Flexibility 2.6 0 Same 1 Change to:
12 Mathematical Reasoning 2.8 0 Same 1 Change to:
13 Number Facility 3.3 0 Same 1 Change to:
14 Memorization 2.9 0 Same 1 Change to:
15 Speed of Closure 2.4 0 Same 1 Change to:
16 Flexibility of Closure 1.7 0 Same 1 Change to:
17 Perceptual Speed 2.5 0 Same 1 Change to:
18 Spatial Orientation 1.7 0 Same 1 Change to:
19 Visualization 1.9 0 Same 1 Change to:
20 Selective Attention 2.2 0 Same 1 Change to:
21 Time Sharing 2.5 0 Same 1 Change to:
22 Arm-Hand Steadiness 1.8 0 Same 1 Change to:
23 Manual Dexterity 2.0 0 Same 1 Change to:
24 Finger Dexterity 2.0 0 Same 1 Change to:
25 Control Precision 1.5 0 Same 1 Change to:
26 Multilimb Coordination 1.3 0 Same 1 Change to:
27 Response Orientation 1.6 0 Same 1 Change to:
Future Level
ABILITIES
1 0 Same 1 Change to:
2 0 Same 1 Change to:
0 Same 1 Change to:
0 Same 1 Change to:
0 Same 1 Change to:
0 Same 1 Change to:
0 Same 1 Change to:
0 Same 1 Change to:
0 Same 1 Change to:
0 Same 1 Change to:
0 Same 1 Change to:
0 Same 1 Change to:
0 Same 1 Change to:
0 Same 1 Change to:
0 Same 1 Change to:
0 Same 1 Change to:
0 Same 1 Change to:
0 Same 1 Change to:
0 Same 1 Change to:
0 1 Change to:
0 1 Change to:
0 1 Change to:
0 1 Change to:
0 1 Change to:
0 1
0 1 Change to:
0 1 Change to:
Whole Numbers
RANDMR1304-2.3-1100
Figure 2.3—Sample Rating Sheet
16 Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
change in the future. If an analyst judged that the level wouldchange in the future, a whole number rating for the future would beentered in the column labeled “Future Level.”
For the four occupational clusters that were uniquely military(Special Operations Forces, Combat Arms, Aircraft Launch andRecovery Specialists, and Ordnance Specialists), no ratings of thepast were available from the O*NET Analyst Database. Hence, inthose cases, analysts were asked to first designate a past level foreach dimension, then to return to the top of the list and judgewhether or not those past levels would need to change in the future,and if so, by how much.
As an aid to completing the rating sheets, analysts were given copiesof O*NET rating scales for each dimension. Each rating scale is ac-companied by a definition of the dimension to be rated, high-leveland low-level descriptions of the scale, and concrete task anchors tohelp ensure that all analysts use the rating scale in a consistent man-ner. For generalized work activities, knowledge, skills, and abilities,all scales had a range of 1 to 7 with a “not relevant” option that wassubsequently coded as a rating of zero. The scales for dimensions ofwork context were not uniform either in terms of their structure or interms of the aspect of the dimension being rated. Some work contextdimensions were rated on level, but others were rated onimportance, frequency, seriousness, etc.
ANALYTICAL APPROACH
Once we had the complete dataset, we computed change scores(future rating minus past rating) for each combination of occupa-tional cluster and O*NET dimension. We then determined thesignificance of the change scores. In selecting an appropriate test ofsignificance, we noted first that the change scores were not normallydistributed. This property precluded the use of a t-test. Second,because we found little inter-rater agreement in the data overall,8 we
______________8Low variability in the data precluded the use of standard measures of inter-raterreliability—intraclass correlations. Instead, we used a measure of inter-rateragreement (kappa) that takes categories of data as inputs. In this case, change scoreswere split into two categories: “more,” and “same or less.” Even using this crudermeasure, inter-rater agreement ranged from “poor” to “slight” for Abilities, Skills, and
Methodology and Data Characteristics 17
opted to use a strict test, the Wilcoxon sign-rank test, which demandshigh inter-rater agreement in the subset of the data under consid-eration for it to reach statistical significance. Using the Wilcoxontest, for a given mean change score to be statistically significant atthe p < .05 level, total or near-total agreement is required across thesix to nine raters whose ratings contributed to the score.
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE DATA
Overall, our analysis shows what we generally expected: Ap-proximately 70 percent of the over 80,000 ratings we collected predictno change in the dimensions of work or workers for the future; theaverage magnitude of change predicted for individual dimensions istypically very small and positive. We did have negative predictedchange for some dimensions in some occupational clusters, butnone of the negative change is statistically significant. However,much of the change that was assessed is significant across the entiredefense workforce, for particular components of the workforce(military and civilian), for particular occupational clusters, and forparticular domains and dimensions that characterize work andworkers.
_____________________________________________________________Generalized Work Activities, and from “poor” to “fair” for Knowledge and WorkContext dimensions (Landis and Koch, 1977). Also, although the mean change scoresprovided by different groups of raters did not differ significantly, there were somesubtler differences between groups of raters, which are discussed in Appendix B.
19
Chapter Three
EXPECTED CHANGES IN WORK AND WORKERS
In this chapter, we present our analysis of the data in two comple-mentary ways. We look first within the occupational clusters to findthose that show significant change in specific dimensions and,somewhat more broadly, in one or more of the five O*NET domains.Then, we pool the data across all occupational clusters to look forthemes and patterns across workforces. In both cases, we present re-sults for the defense workforce as a whole and for the civilian andmilitary workforces separately.
CHANGES IN DIMENSIONS WITHIN OCCUPATIONALCLUSTERS
The distribution of number of changed dimensions within each ofour 46 occupational clusters is shown in Figure 3.1. More than half(54 percent) of all occupational clusters had change in five or fewerdimensions; indeed, over 20 percent of all occupational clusters hadno changed dimensions at all. Only five occupational clusters hadmore than 20 dimensions changed.1
We also examined how the number of changed dimensions was dis-tributed by size of occupational cluster. We characterized thischange on two scales. We arbitrarily decided that 20 or fewerchanged dimensions (out of a total of 232 dimensions) represented
______________1The results reported in the first section of this chapter are intended to be largely de-scriptive. Statistically significant patterns of results are considered beginning with thesecond section.
20 Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
RANDMR1304-3.1-1100
Num
ber
of o
ccup
atio
nal c
lust
ers
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
021–2516–2011–156–101–50 26–30
3
0
6
10
15
10
2
Number of changed dimensions
Figure 3.1—Distribution of Occupational Clusters by Number ofChanged Dimensions
few changes on that scale. On a scale relating to sizes of the occupa-tional clusters, those containing less than 3 percent of the overallworkforce were considered small. Figure 3.2 shows the results of thatcomparison. Across the aggregate defense workforces, two large oc-cupational clusters and three small occupational clusters have alarge number of changed dimensions. Another 10 occupationalclusters are characterized as large but have a small number ofchanged dimensions. The remaining occupational clusters haveeither few (25 occupational clusters) or no (10) changed dimensions.(Table D.1 provides a listing of occupational clusters by military ser-vice and DoD civilian workforce, indicating where each would fall ina distribution similar to that depicted in Figure 3.2.)
Detailed information on dimensional changes within occupationalclusters is likely to be most useful to human resource managers re-sponsible for the development and use of various occupational
Expected Changes in Work and Workers 21
RANDMR1304-3.2-1100
Num
ber
of p
eopl
e in
occ
upat
iona
l clu
ster
350,000
300,000
250,000
200,000
150,000
100,000
50,000
2520151050 30 35
Number of changed dimensions
III. Large clusters; few changed dimensions
I. Large clusters; many changed dimensions
IV. Small clusters; few changed dimensions
II. Small clusters; many changed dimensions
Figure 3.2—Distribution of Occupational Clusters by Size and Numberof Changed Dimensions
groupings.2 Accordingly, we have assembled detailed informationthat might be useful to these managers. As an example of the avail-able information, Tables 3.1 and 3.2 present dimensional changes forthe two occupational clusters identified in sector I of Figure 3.2 (largeoccupational clusters with more than 20 dimensional changes). (InAppendix E, we provide a complete listing of significant dimensionalchanges for all occupational clusters.)
Each table in this chapter and in Appendix E shows dimensions (andtheir associated domain) that have significantly higher levels in thefuture than they did in the past for the occupational cluster. More-over, the tables also show the past relative level (upper quartile, mid-dle two quartiles, or lower quartile) of the dimension compared to allother dimensions in the occupational cluster. For example, in the
______________2Development and use of military and civilian personnel within DoD is often man-aged by career management teams, organized by occupational groupings similar tothe occupational clusters in our analysis.
22 Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
Aircraft, Automotive, and Electrical Maintenance Specialists cluster(Table 3.1), note that Computers and Electronics, a dimension in theknowledge domain, was in the middle quartile of all dimensions forthis occupational cluster in the past but is projected to have a higherlevel in the future.
We present the data in quartiles because we believe that qualitativelydifferent determinations of meaning of the data might be made byoccupational managers depending on the past level of the dimen-sion. For example, if a dimension required relatively high levels inthe past and is projected to be higher in the future, the occupationalmanager is likely to be aware of the dimension and can probably
Table 3.1
Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—Aircraft, Automotive,and Electrical Maintenance Specialists
Domain DimensionPast Level(Quartile)
GW Updating and using job-relevant knowledge UpperWC Consequence of error UpperWC Degree of automation UpperKN Mechanical UpperKN Engineering and technology UpperSK Repairing UpperSK Equipment maintenance UpperSK Troubleshooting UpperSK Problem identification UpperSK Equipment selection UpperSK Testing UpperSK Reading comprehension UpperSK Critical thinking UpperSK Mathematics UpperSK Information gathering UpperSK Identification of key causes UpperWC Responsible for others’ health and safety MiddleWC Responsibility for outcomes and results MiddleWC Provide a service to others MiddleKN Computers and electronics MiddleKN Public safety and security MiddleSK Information organization MiddleSK Active learning MiddleSK Service orientation MiddleKN Telecommunications LowerKN Transportation Lower
Expected Changes in Work and Workers 23
Table 3.2
Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—ComputerSystems Specialists
Domain DimensionPast Level(Quartile)
WC Degree of automation UpperWC Consequence of error UpperWC Importance of being exact or accurate UpperKN Computers and electronics UpperSK Troubleshooting UpperAB Originality UpperGW Inspecting equipment, structures, or materials MiddleGW Performing for or working directly with the public MiddleWC Providing a service to others MiddleWC Using hands on objects, tools, controls MiddleWC Importance of being aware of new events MiddleWC Pace determined by speed of equipment MiddleWC Frustrating circumstances MiddleWC Dealing with unpleasant/angry people MiddleSK Technology design MiddleSK Systems evaluation MiddleSK Identification of downstream consequences MiddleSK Installation MiddleSK Service orientation MiddleSK Equipment selection MiddleAB Fluency of ideas Middle
point to instances of selection or training or education for it. How-ever, in the case of a dimension that required relatively low levels inthe past but is projected to be higher in the future, the occupationalmanager might not have incorporated selection, training, educationfor the dimension in workforce planning efforts. It may not haveshown up previously on the proverbial “radar screen.”
CHANGES ACROSS DOMAINS WITHIN OCCUPATIONALCLUSTERS
Having examined significant change at the level of individual dimen-sions, we also found it useful to examine whether change in any oc-cupational cluster can be broadly identified with specific domains.We did this because, as will be discussed in Chapter Four, occupa-tional managers might structure their human resource management
24 Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
responses differently depending on the domain requiring attention.Accordingly, we sought to determine which occupational clustershave significant predicted change by domain (generalized work ac-tivities, work context, knowledge, skills, and abilities). To be certainthat an occupation could be labeled as changing significantly in oneor more domains, we used an additional test of statistical signifi-cance.3
Table 3.3 lists the occupational clusters with significant change at thedomain level along with the numbers of occupations they includeand the number of personnel in each.
These occupational clusters represent a relatively large proportion ofall personnel in the military services (32 percent in the Navy to 48percent in the Army) and about 15 percent of all personnel in thecivil service. They also represent a large, but somewhat lesser, pro-portion of all occupations in the military services (22 percent ormore) and about 13 percent of all defense civil service occupations.Moreover, there are differences among the services in the number ofpeople in each. In particular, combat arms and communications op-erators are large occupational clusters for the Army and MarineCorps; maintenance specialists is large for all; intelligence specialistsis large for the Army and Air Force; and computer systems specialistsis large for civil service, Navy, and Air Force. The others vary fromvery small to relatively small.
Note that none of the occupational clusters on the list have signifi-cant changes concentrated in the abilities domain. This point will berevisited below. Also note that no occupational cluster on the list isexpected to change significantly in more than two domains.
______________3Significant change within an occupational cluster was achieved if a sufficient numberof dimensions for that cluster showed statistically significant change as determined bythe binomial confidence interval for the number of dimensions at p < .05. In mostcases, this meant that approximately 15 percent of the dimensions within a given do-main had to have statistically significant change for the domain change to be consid-ered statistically significant.
Table 3.3
Occupational Clusters with Significant Domain Changes and the Numbers of Included Occupations and Personnel
Domains withSignificant Change Army Navy Air Force Marine Corps Civil Service
OccupationalCluster GW WC KN SK AB
No. ofOccup.
No. ofPeople
No. ofOccup.
No. ofPeople
No. ofOccup.
No. ofPeople
No. ofOccup.
No. ofPeople
No. ofOccup.
No. ofPeople
Combat Arms x 32 121,589 53 1,245 34 34,697Aircraft, Automo-
tive, and ElectricalMaintenanceSpecialists
x x 35 48,472 140 32,273 92 45,891 61 18,733 49 54,609
CommunicationsOperators
x x 7 17,552 28 4,739 56 9,302 16 9,264 4 1,875
IntelligenceSpecialists
x 28 16,623 80 5,375 24 30,461 16 2,986 2 3,030
Computer SystemsSpecialists
x x 7 1,094 48 7,454 41 17,690 8 1,934 4 31,250
Physicians, Surgeons,and Optometrists
x 42 4,989 31 3,186 140 3,737 3 768
Dental and Phar-macy Technicians
x 12 3,300 18 3,021 28 4,152 5 2,329
Recruiting Specialists x 4 4,996 9 3,572 3 695 1 397Air Traffic Controllers x x 1 1,143 12 1,545 30 5,020 5 718 2 1,216Environmental
Health and SafetySpecialists
x 2 1,648 4 2,288 14 1,813 5 4,099
Sum of clusters 170 221,406 423 64,698 428 118,761 141 68,729 74 99,446% of workforce 39 48 25 32 22 34 32 45 13 15
Exp
ected C
han
ges in W
ork an
d W
orkers
25
26 Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
CHANGES ACROSS WORKFORCES
A look at the dimensions of work and workers when all occupationalclusters are pooled across workforces yields some interesting poten-tial trends. To highlight these trends, we have identified dimensionswhich, when ranked by mean change score, fall within the top 10 per-cent of all dimensions across all five domains. These are the dimen-sions that analysts judged likely to require the largest increases inlevel for the future. All the dimensions in the top 10 percent list carrychange scores that are statistically significant at the p < .05 level.
These changes can be examined for the defense workforce as a wholeas well as for segments within it (e.g., military service and civil serviceworkforces). Occupational analysts did not provide ratings for eachmilitary service and the civil service workforces separately. However,to average the analysts’ change scores across occupational clusters,we weighted change scores by the population within each occupa-tional cluster. Since occupational distributions differ between themilitary and civil service workforces, we can derive segment-specificrankings by weighted average change score. Results are reported inthis manner in Table 3.4.
For the entire workforce and the military subset, no changes in abil-ity dimensions were high enough to be included in the top 10 per-cent list. Only one ability (speech clarity) was expected to changeenough to reach the top 10 percent of changed dimensions for thecivil service workforce. Among the military services, only the Armyhad significant changes in ability dimensions. In contrast, significantchange was far more prevalent among generalized work activity,work context, knowledge, and skill dimensions.
Themes
Many of the dimensions with high change scores can be grouped toform four broad themes (see Table 3.5). One theme is the need foran enhanced service orientation such as providing services to identi-fied constituents and stakeholders. A second theme indicates thatmore advanced technical knowledge and skills (understanding, using,and managing technology) will be needed. Third, better problem-solving skills (critical thinking, analyzing and evaluating informationand situations) will be required across the board. Finally, a number
Expected Changes in Work and Workers 27
Table 3.4
Dimensions with Greatest Expected Change by Workforce Segment
Workforce Segment
Army NavyAir
ForceMarineCorps
CivilService Total
Generalized work activities (of 42 dimensions)
Operating vehicles, mechanizeddevices, equipment
x x x x x x
Interacting with computers x x x x x x
Updating and using job-relevantknowledge
x x x x x x
Interpreting meaning of informationfor others
x x
Analyzing data or information x x x x x x
Thinking creatively x x x x
Getting information needed to dothe job
x x
Repairing and maintaining elec-tronic equipment
x x
Work context (of 59 dimensions)
Degree of automation x x x x x x
Importance of providing a service toothers
x x x x x
Frequency of dealing with externalcustomers
x x x x x
Degree to which pace determinedby speed of equipment
x x x
Responsibility for outcomes andresults
x
Knowledge (of 33 dimensions)
Computers and electronics x x x x x x
Foreign language x x x x x x
Telecommunications x x x x x x
Public safety and security x x x x x x
Engineering and technology x x x x x
Mechanical x x
Skills (of 46 dimensions)
Service orientation x x x x x x
Active learning x x x x x x
Systems evaluation x x
Negotiation x x
28 Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
Table 3.4 (continued)
Workforce Segment
Army NavyAir
ForceMarineCorps
CivilService Total
Technology design x x x x
Visioning x
Monitoring x x
Identification of downstreamconsequences
x x x x x
Synthesis/reorganization x x x
Critical thinking x
Reading comprehension x x x x x
Information gathering x x x x
Science x x x
Operations analysis x
Information organization x
Problem identification x x
Abilities (of 52 dimensions)
Speech clarity x
Speed of closure x
Inductive reasoning x
Originality x
Problem sensitivity x
NOTE: An “x” in this table indicates that the dimension is in the top 10 percent ofchanged dimensions within the workforce segment indicated when ranked byweighted average change score.
of dimensions can be associated with an increase in the need to staycurrent, including the ability and willingness to learn, adapt, be flex-ible, and work in ambiguous environments.
Corresponding Change in the Private Sector
The four broad themes seen in Table 3.5 reflect a need for workers toincrease their skills to stay competitive in a rapidly changing world.The projected need for workers with high proficiency in work-relatedknowledge, skills, and abilities is not a new phenomenon but rather acontinuation of a pattern that has been evident since shortly after theend of World War II. The past 50 years have seen a consistent in-crease in employers’ demand for high-skill workers. Occupations
Table 3.5
Themes Among Dimensions Requiring Greatest Change
An Enhanced ServiceOrientation
More Advanced Technical Skillsand Knowledge Skills
Better Problem-SolvingSkills The Need to Stay Current
Generalized Work ActivitiesInterpreting the meaningof information for others
Operating vehicles, mechanizeddevices, or equipment
Interacting with computers
Analyzing data orinformation
Thinking creatively
Updating and using job-relevantinformation
Getting information needed to dothe job
Work ContextImportance of providing aservice to others
Frequency of dealing with
Degree of automation
Degree to which pace is deter-mined by speed of equipment
requiring a college degree are growing twice as fast as those that re-quire lower educational attainment (U.S. DoL, 1999). The increasingglobalization of commerce puts greater pressure on U.S. workers toacquire and maintain those skills necessary to compete in a rapidlychanging global market (NCES, 1997). This international competi-tion has created more high-tech jobs in the United States and de-creased the demand for low-skill workers (U.S. DoL, 1999).
Many analysts think that declining demand for low-skill workers isthe greatest challenge facing the U.S. labor market (Urban Institute,1996). The rising level of educational attainment in the United Statesand increasing competition abroad have led manufacturers toreplace labor-intensive production systems with technologicallyadvanced, labor-saving systems. This cycle has increased thedemand for high-skilled workers and compelled many workers toenter the service sector (NCES, 1997; NCES, 1998). This may explainwhy an enhanced service orientation is one of the themes we foundin our data.
Enhanced Service Orientation. Most job growth in the last 20 yearshas been in the service-based sector (U.S. DoL, 1999). The shift froma manufacturing to service-based economy is expected to increase inthe future. High-tech service professions are expected to grow morerapidly than in the past and to account for a larger proportion ofoverall job growth (Hecker, 1999). This expansion of service em-ployment appears to require workers with an enhanced service ori-entation. The growth in the service sector has occurred during aperiod of rapid technological advance that is putting pressure onworkers to strengthen their technical skills.
More Advanced Technical Knowledge and Skills. The new century isprojected to include an increasing expansion in the use of computersand rapid technological change that will redefine work. By 2006, al-most half of all workers will be in occupations that produce or use in-formation technology (U.S. DoL, 1999). Although many of today’sjobs will exist in the new century, they will require a much differentand more advanced package of knowledge and skills (U.S. DoL,1999). Workers must increase their technological knowledge or riskbeing left behind. There is evidence of this problem even today.Forty percent of top U.S. businesses claim that they cannot modern-ize equipment because their workers do not have the necessary
Expected Changes in Work and Workers 31
technological skills (Century Foundation, 1999). The rising demandfor workers with high levels of knowledge and technical skills can beseen in the rapid growth in wages found in computer-related occu-pations (NCES, 1997). These trends make it unsurprising that theneed for more advanced technical skills would emerge from our data.
Better Problem-Solving Skills. Technological advances have ledto increased complexity and a demand for workers with betterproblem-solving skills (NCES, 1997). The rapid pace of today’seconomy requires workers with the flexibility to respond quickly tochanges in work (U.S. DoL, 1999). The increase in worker autonomythat has accompanied technological advances is expected to increasein the future. For example, many manufacturing firms are moving tosystems that give great responsibility to frontline workers (CenturyFoundation, 1999). These independent workers will need the abilityto solve problems on their own (U.S. DoL, 1999). As the margins ofcompetitive advantage shrink, employers are trying to find workerswith the problem-solving skills needed to increase work efficiency(U.S. DoL, 1999). In a recent survey, 77 percent of chief executive of-ficers stated that they wanted workers with a liberal arts educationbecause of the problem-solving skills that they bring to their work(Fortune, 1997).
Need to Stay Current. The Department of Labor projects a greaterneed for workers to stay current to maintain the skills needed in ourincreasingly information-based economy (U.S. DoL, 1999). Technol-ogy allows workers with the right skills to stay current through use ofemail, pagers, and the Internet (U.S. DoL, 1999).
33
Chapter Four
WORKFORCE SHAPING AND DEVELOPMENT
In view of our predicted changes in work and worker characteristics,DoD HR managers might contemplate the kinds of shifts in work-force shaping and development tools needed to accommodate theexpected changes. In this chapter, we discuss those issues.
WORKFORCE SHAPING AND DEVELOPMENT TOOLS
Workforce shaping may be defined as a conscious effort to use hu-man resource management tools to change the characteristics of theworkforce in a purposeful way. Some tools might be used to changethe mix of available workers, and others might be used to developnew human capital within the existing workforce. Tools useful forthese purposes include:
• Classification: division of work into distinctly defined occupa-tions and identification of required knowledge, skills, and abili-ties for each occupation;
• Recruiting/selection: bringing new members into the workforce;can occur at typical entry levels or at higher-grade (lateral entry)levels;
• Promotion: filling higher-grade requirements from within theorganization;
• Training: providing additional skills to members of the work-force;
• Education: providing additional knowledge to members of theworkforce;
34 Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
• Compensation: using extrinsic rewards to motivate and retainmembers of the workforce;
• Acculturation: influencing the values, attitudes, and awarenessof organizational needs among members of the workforce; canbe accomplished in many ways, e.g., through leadership,mentoring, focusing of rewards, training and educationprograms, and developmental job rotation; and
• Retention/separation: using retention incentives, disincentives,or controls to keep or sever selected segments of the workforce.
These workforce shaping and development tools can help to bringabout required changes in work and worker characteristics, as out-lined below and as illustrated in Figure 4.1.
• Changes in work or worker characteristics will be formally cata-loged in the job descriptions found in various military and civilservice classification systems.
• If general work activities or work context change, HR managersmay need to adjust programs to acculturate members of theworkforce so that they readily accept and exploit the new condi-tions. Additionally, they can integrate other workforce shapingand development tools to help produce the desired changes inthe workforce. They can adjust recruiting/selection and promo-tion processes to acquire and advance those who are bettersuited to new work contexts. Retention/separation programscan be used to extend the service of those with suitable adapta-tions and sever those who adapt less well. Promotion and com-pensation programs can attach incentives to appropriate adapta-tion.
• If required knowledge changes, HR managers can modify educa-tion programs to develop required human capital among bothnew and current members of the workforce. Additionally, an in-tegrated HR strategy, similar to that described above for adapta-tion to the work activities and context, can be used to reshapethe workforce along its educational dimensions.
• If required skills change, HR managers can employ the same in-tegrated approach as for a change in required knowledge, except
Workforce Shaping and Development 35
RANDMR1304-4.1-1100
Work and worker characteristics
Classification
Acculturation
Recruiting/selection
Recruiting/selection
Compensation
Promotion
Retention/separation
Training
Education
Generalized work activities
Work context
Knowledge
Skills
Abilities
Linked via specific effects
Linked via
integrated
HR strategy
Figure 4.1—Relationship of Workforce Shaping and Development Tools toDomains of Work and Worker Characteristics
that training programs, rather than education programs, are thespecific means for developing new skills.
• If required abilities change in ways that tend to exceed the abili-ties of current workers, recruiting/selection and reten-tion/separation programs must be adjusted, because abilities arepersonal traits that are somewhat stable over time—they gener-ally cannot be developed to a higher level within the existingworkforce.
POTENTIAL EFFECTS
Classification
Since predicted changes in work and worker characteristics are ex-pected to be modest, they pose no impetus for radical restructuringof classification systems. Incremental changes in knowledge and
36 Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
skill requirements, and in related aptitude requirements, should suf-fice.
This does not rule out impetus for classification restructuring forother reasons—for example, to find more efficient or effective waysto organize work. However, since we predict generally higher levelsof knowledge and technical skill, more emphasis on staying currentin one’s field, and more emphasis on problem solving, HR managersmight take a second look at trends toward multi-skilling and multi-tasking, which could make some jobs too broad to afford the neces-sary technical focus.
Recruiting and Selection
Since we predict no significant shifts in required abilities, we find noabsolute necessity to modify recruiting and selection processes.However, in view of expected shifts in required knowledge and skills,changes in recruiting and selection can be used as part of a broadstrategy of adaptation. The military workforce generally acquires itsoccupation-specific skills through post-accession training; revisedaptitude requirements reflected in classification systems shouldbring in members capable of responding to the generally higher lev-els of knowledge and skill that we predict will be needed. Membersof the civilian workforce are generally acquired with a ready set ofskills; changes in the classification system will similarly induce re-quired changes in recruiting/selection criteria.
For military or civilian occupations with more pronounced changesin knowledge and skill requirements (see Tables 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, and Ap-pendix E), aptitudes among members of the current workforce couldbe insufficient to meet new requirements. If so, increased lateralentries or cross-flow from other high-aptitude occupations might beappropriate.
Promotion
Promotions are generally based on a variety of considerations, in-cluding occupation-specific knowledge, skills, and abilities; broadermanagerial and leadership skills; experience; suitability to work ac-tivities and contexts; and potential for increased responsibility.
Workforce Shaping and Development 37
Through appropriate weighting and focusing of these factors,promotion programs can contribute to required reshaping of theworkforce.
Training
Clearly, changes in skill requirements should be reflected in changesin training programs. Tables 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, and Appendix E identify theaffected occupations.
Education
Military HR managers have traditionally linked professional and aca-demic education to promotions, providing military members astrong incentive to continually expand and renew their knowledgesets. For military HR managers, the challenge is to ensure that exist-ing incentives are properly focused on organizational needs. Forcivilian members of the workforce, incentives are generally muchweaker. Thus, strengthening the linkages between education andpromotion could provide needed incentives for civilians to meet newor changing knowledge requirements. Increased knowledge re-quirements might also be addressed through greater access to orga-nizationally funded professional and academic developmentprograms, especially for civilian members of the workforce, whogenerally receive much less assistance in this sphere than militarymembers. Again, Tables 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, and Appendix E identify theaffected occupations.
Note that aircraft, automotive, and electrical maintenance special-ists—a very large occupational group (see Table 3.1)—is identified ashaving significant upward shifts in both knowledge and skill re-quirements, which leads to corresponding increases in both educa-tion and training requirements. These changes can be traced to theincreasingly sophisticated technology embedded in the militaryequipment these specialists maintain. A trend toward greater use ofcontractors to maintain the most sophisticated equipment, extend-ing even into battlefield theaters, suggests that in-house mainte-nance workforces (primarily enlisted and wage grade) may alreadylag in acquiring critical knowledge and skills or may lack the aptitudeto acquire them.
38 Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
Compensation
Compensation is tied in large part to promotions and thus serves aspart of the motivation for behaviors, including knowledge and skillacquisition, that are associated with promotion. Compensation canalso be used more directly to motivate individual development,through a mechanism that compensation experts refer to as compe-tency pay. This mechanism is used very sparingly in military and civilservice pay systems but could be expanded if needed.
Acculturation
Changes in general work activities and context, as highlighted in Ta-bles 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, and Appendix E, might require adjustment of accul-turation processes. This could be particularly important in the caseof combat arms occupations and special operations forces (see Table3.3 and Table E.1). Our findings suggest that individuals in these oc-cupations must become more accustomed to acquiring, processing,and acting upon information, in contrast to an older model that em-phasized centralized control and processing of information and de-centralized execution of orders.
Retention/Separation
In cases where some members of the current workforce lack the apti-tude for required changes, where retraining, reeducation, or reaccul-turation of the workforce is extremely expensive, or where it is diffi-cult to motivate acquisition of new knowledge, skills, or attitudes,prudent HR managers will look for ways to increase severances andmake room for a greater flow of new, more qualified entrants into theworkforce.
39
Chapter Five
CONCLUSIONS AND OBSERVATIONS
We have found that expected changes in required work and workercharacteristics during the first decade of the 21st century will bemuch more modest than is implied by prevailing descriptions of thechanging environment. The revolutions in military and business af-fairs that are affecting DoD, including concepts such as precisionweaponry, information warfare, leaner logistics, and openness tonew business practices, may be changing DoD processes in dramaticways but are actually changing work and workers in very measuredways. Reassuringly, we predict no significant changes in requiredabilities. This means that current and prospective workforces, givenexisting selection instruments and appropriate training and educa-tion, should generally be able to adapt to needed changes.
We have also highlighted some general themes that extend broadlythrough the whole range of DoD occupations. These themes are anenhanced service orientation, an increase in the need to stay current,more advanced technical knowledge and skills, and better problem-solving skills.
DoD HR managers have access to a variety of workforce shaping anddevelopment tools. Given sufficient resources for their programs, HRmanagers are generally well equipped to bring about the necessarychanges in work and workers. The challenge may lie in articulatingthe needs and obtaining the resources.
This work required extensive use of crosswalks between multipleoccupational classification systems and clustering of occupationalcategories. These steps suggest a potential need for refinement offederal civilian and military classification systems. Among the one
40 Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
civil service and four military classification systems used within DoD,there are over 6,000 definitions of occupations. A move towardsimplification and greater commonality among the classificationsystems could help OSD and the services more easily manageinterchangeable workforces.
Even given the current classification systems, functional ororganizational managers with interests in specific segments of theworkforce could complement and extend the work reported here bycollecting similar data from experts and job incumbents within thosesegments. Such data would permit more detailed analyses ofexpected changes within specific segments and would increase theprecision of any program or policy changes based on the findings.
41
Appendix A
O*NET DIMENSIONS BY DOMAIN
Table A.1
Dimensions Within the Generalized Work Activities Domain
Analyzing data or informationAssisting and caring for othersCoaching and developing othersCommunicating with persons outside the organizationsCommunicating with supervisors, peers, or subordinatesControlling machines and processesCoordinating the work and activities of othersDeveloping and building teamsDeveloping objectives and strategiesDocumenting/recording informationDrafting, laying-out, and specifying technical devices, parts, or equipmentEstablishing and maintaining interpersonal relationshipsEstimating the characteristics of materials, products, events, or informationEvaluating information for compliance to standardsGetting information needed to do the jobGuiding, directing, and motivating subordinatesHandling and moving objectsIdentifying objects, actions, and eventsImplementing ideas, programs, systems, or productsInspecting equipment, structures, or materialsInteracting with computersInterpreting the meaning of information for othersJudging the qualities of objects, services, or personsMaking decisions and solving problemsMonitoring and controlling resourcesMonitoring processes, materials, or surroundingsOperating vehicles, mechanized devices, or equipmentOrganizing, planning, and prioritizing work
42 Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
Table A.1 (continued)
Performing administrative activitiesPerforming for or working directly with the publicPerforming general physical activitiesProcessing informationProviding consultation and advice to othersRepairing and maintaining mechanical electronic equipmentRepairing and maintaining mechanical equipmentResolving conflicts and negotiating with othersScheduling work and activitiesSelling or influencing othersStaffing organizational unitsTeaching othersThinking creativelyUpdating and using job-relevant knowledge
Table A.2
Dimensions Within the Work Context Domain
Bending or twisting the bodyClimbing ladders, scaffolds, poles, etc.Common protective or safety attireConsequence of errorContaminantsCoordinate or lead othersCramped work space, awkward positionsDeal with external customersDeal with physically aggressive peopleDeal with unpleasant/angry peopleDegree of automationDiseases/infections degree of injuryDiseases/infections frequencyDiseases/infections injuryExtremely bright or inadequateFrequency in conflict situationsFrustrating circumstancesHazardous conditions degree of injuryHazardous conditions frequencyHazardous conditions injuryHazardous equipment degree of injuryHazardous equipment frequencyHazardous equipment injuryHazardous situations degree of injury
O*NET Dimensions by Domain 43
Table A.2 (continued)
Hazardous situations frequencyHazardous situations injuryHigh places degree of injuryHigh places frequency of injuryHigh places injuryImportance of being aware of new eventsImportance of being exact or accurateImportance of being sure all is doneImportance of repeating same tasksJob-required social interactionKeeping or regaining balanceKneeling, crouching, or crawlingLightingMaking repetitive motionsObjective or subjective informationPace determined by speed of equipmentPersuade someone to a course of actionProvide a service to othersRadiation degree of injuryRadiation frequencyRadiation injuryResponsibility for outcomes and resultsResponsible for others’ health and safetySittingSounds, noise levels are distracting, etc.Special uniformSpecialized protective or safety attireStandingSupervise, coach, train othersTake a position opposed to othersUsing hands on objects, tools, controlsVery hotWalking or runningWhole body vibration
44 Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
Table A.3
Dimensions Within the Knowledge Domain
Administration and management History and archeologyBiology Law, government, and jurisprudenceBuilding and construction MathematicsChemistry MechanicalClerical Medicine and dentistryCommunications and media Personnel and human resourcesComputers and electronics Philosophy and theologyCustomer and personal service PhysicsDesign Production and processingEconomics and accounting PsychologyEducation and training Public safety and securityEngineering and technology Sales and marketingEnglish language Sociology and anthropologyFine arts TelecommunicationsFood production Therapy and counselingForeign language TransportationGeography
Table A.4
Dimensions Within the Skills Domain
Active learning Operation and controlActive listening Operation monitoringCoordination Operations analysisCritical thinking PersuasionEquipment maintenance Problem identificationEquipment selection Product inspectionIdea evaluation ProgrammingIdea generation Reading comprehensionIdentification of downstream consequences RepairingIdentification of key causes ScienceImplementation planning Service orientationInformation gathering Social perceptivenessInformation organization Solution appraisalInstallation SpeakingInstructing Synthesis/reorganizationJudgment and decisionmaking Systems evaluationLearning strategies Systems perceptionsManagement of financial resources Technology designManagement of material resources TestingManagement of personnel resources Time managementMathematics TroubleshootingMonitoring VisioningNegotiation Writing
O*NET Dimensions by Domain 45
Table A.5
Dimensions Within the Abilities Domain
Auditory attention Oral comprehensionCategory flexibility Oral expressionControl precision OriginalityDeductive reasoning Perceptual speedDepth perception Peripheral visionDynamic flexibility Problem sensitivityDynamic strength Rate controlExplosive strength Reaction timeExtent flexibility Response orientationFar vision Selective attentionFinger dexterity Sound localizationFlexibility of closure Spatial orientationFluency of ideas Speech clarityGlare sensitivity Speech recognitionGross body coordination Speed of closureGross body equilibrium Speed of limb movementHearing sensitivity StaminaInductive reasoning Static strengthInformation ordering Time sharingManual dexterity Trunk strengthMathematical reasoning Visual color discriminationMemorization VisualizationMultilimb coordination Wrist-finger speedNear vision Written comprehensionNight vision Written expressionNumber facility
47
Appendix B
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN GROUPS OF RATERS
Before considering the results of the rating task, we undertook ananalysis of differences between the ratings provided by groups ofraters. The results of that analysis are reported here.
The overall mean change scores for the 34 civilian analysts did notdiffer appreciably from the mean for the 18 military analysts (seeTable B.1). In fact, the percentages of ratings for which they pro-jected change were almost identical (28 percent for civilians, and 30percent for military analysts). However, when they did projectchange, the magnitude of that change was rated somewhat higher bycivilians than by military analysts. The mean nonzero change scoresfor civilian and military raters were .86 and .65, respectively. Becausein our analysis we did not consider magnitude of change in an abso-lute sense, this latter difference did not alter our treatment of the re-sults.
Across all raters, the median years of experience in occupationalanalysis was three years. Interestingly, the mean change scores
Table B.1
Number and Mean Change Score of Civilian and MilitaryAnalysts by Affiliation
AFOMS IJOA NCSUMean
ChangeCivilian 17 6 11 .24Military 18 .20
Mean change .19 .22 .37
NOTE: Mean change is on a scale from 0 to 7 for most dimensions.
48 Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
for raters above and below the median were similar (.20 and .26,respectively). Raters above the median years of experience projectedchange in 24 percent of their ratings. The mean change score for that24 percent of ratings was .83. Raters below the median years ofexperience projected change in 35 percent of their ratings, with asomewhat smaller mean nonzero change score of .75.
There were somewhat larger differences between the mean changescores for analysts with different institutional affiliations. In particu-lar, NCSU raters predicted a greater amount of change overall thandid raters from AFOMS and IJOA. Further investigation revealed thaton average, NCSU raters predicted change more often than did otherraters and the magnitudes of their predicted changes were somewhathigher (see Table B.2). Again, these differences were not consideredto be large enough to warrant any changes in the treatment of the re-sults.
Table B.2
Proportion of Ratings Predicting Change and Mean NonzeroChange Score by Affiliation
NOTE: NCSU proportional change was driven predominantly bytwo raters.
49
Appendix C
CLUSTER ANALYSIS
This appendix presents the details of the hierarchical agglomerativecluster analysis of MOTD occupations using data and job analysisconcepts from O*NET. One goal of this analysis was to explore theutility of the O*NET data as a basis for development of MOTDclassification structures. The second goal was to developoccupational families that would serve as units of analysis in laterstages of the research. Characterization of future defense work basedon every MOTD occupation was not practical from a resourcestandpoint and the results would be cumbersome to interpret orsummarize.
The analysis classified a combined set of MOTD occupations thatincluded enlisted, officer, warrant officer, and defense civil serviceoccupations. The use of a combined dataset resulted in a compre-hensive occupational classification of defense- and military-relatedjobs that could be analyzed to reveal occupational similarities anddifferences across services and DoD.
Occupations were clustered according to occupational and workercharacteristics as measured in the O*NET process.1 Characteristicswere organized according to O*NET domains.2 Separate classifica-
______________1The O*NET measures of characteristics were assigned to military and defense civilservice occupations by matching similar occupations using crosswalks developed byDoL for O*NET and by DMDC.2Variables from the work context domain were not used in the cluster analysis be-cause of a lack of uniformity in the rating scales. After the clustering was complete,work context ratings were coupled with their corresponding occupational clusters.
50 Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
tion systems were developed according to each of these domains.Separate systems are useful because occupations cluster differentlydepending on what characteristics are used as the basis for classifi-cation. A classification system based on abilities could be used forselection and placement of individuals into occupations based on abattery of test scores. This system may be different from one devel-oped from required knowledge or skills that would be used to groupoccupations according to training similarities. The separate classifi-cation structures can be compared to reveal the extent to which oc-cupations are similar across multiple domains. These comparisonscan be used to develop an overall classification structure. The result-ing occupational families consist of occupations that are alike ingeneralized work activities, knowledge, skills, and abilities.
O*NET includes measures of 42 generalized work activities, 33knowledge areas, 46 skills, and 52 abilities. These characteristics maybe measured in terms of level, importance, and frequency. For thecluster analyis, we used only the level variables from O*NET, becausethere are typically high correlations between level, importance, andfrequency ratings. Second, the labor requirements and cost of latersteps in the project can be substantially reduced if unnecessary vari-ables can be dropped from the analysis.
In any clustering analysis choices must be made relating to treat-ment of data and specific methods to be used. These choices involvepossible transformation or standardization of data, different mea-sures of similarity, and methods to determine the number of clustersand place jobs into clusters. Our choices were guided by previousclustering efforts in the job analysis field and by methods used in theO*NET technical analysis that tested the utility of their data for justsuch an exercise (Peterson et al., 1996, Chapter 12). Whereas we re-port results from one combination of methods, we explored some al-ternative methods and found that they produced classification solu-tions that were less useful for our purposes.
We standardized the descriptive scores within each occupation sothat all scores would have a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1.The result of this data standardization is that the profiles across workand worker characteristics for each occupation are compared, andinformation about the level of scores is eliminated. This is consistentwith the purpose of our clustering effort. We are interested in clus-
Cluster Analysis 51
ters based on similar profiles where within occupations, scores arerelatively higher in some areas and lower in others. Such clusterscontain occupations that share an emphasis on a particular set ofskills or activities. Without standardization, our clusters would bemore likely to separate by rank or seniority (overall level of a dimen-sion) rather than by the relative emphases of the occupations onskills or work activities. As a result of the standardization, the resultsof the analysis do not include a consideration of future changesbased on shifts in seniority, nor do they allow us to detect caseswhere more senior jobs in an occupation would change in a differentway from more junior jobs.
For our measure of similarity in the cluster analysis, we used Eu-clidean distance. When comparing two occupations, the Euclideandistance is the square root of the sum of the squared differences be-tween the scores for all descriptors for those two occupations.3
Squared Euclidean distance is sometimes used in cluster analyses,but was not used here because it exaggerates larger differences be-tween scores.
We used Ward’s minimum-variance method as the specific proce-dure for our hierarchical agglomerative clustering analyses. Ward’smethod is commonly used for occupational clustering and has prop-erties making it particularly useful for our purposes.4 AlthoughWard’s method is effective in properly placing occupations intoclusters, it has been shown to be less useful for identifying the correctnumber of clusters present in a dataset.5 For this reason, we used Q-type factor analysis to determine the number of clusters. For this
______________3See Colihan and Burger (1995) or O*NET Final Technical Report for more detaileddiscussion of distance measures.4Ward’s method is slightly biased to produce clusters of equal size. Some other meth-ods, such as within-groups average linkage, tend to produce a few large clusters andother very small clusters. We found that the average linkage method produced sets ofclusters where most clusters consisted of only one occupation, which is a less usefulway of combining occupations for our study.5See Colihan and Burger (1995) for a Monte Carlo study that examines the perfor-mance of different grouping strategies for occupational classification. Clusteringmethods alone were found to have problems identifying the correct number of clus-ters, in particular when measurement error and overlapping clusters were introduced.This study found that Ward’s method was effective when combined with a Q-type fac-tor analysis that identifies the number of clusters.
52 Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
analysis, we constructed a correlation matrix of occupations basedon descriptor scores. We performed a factor analysis of this matrixand determined the number of job families to be extracted based onthe number of factors with eigenvalues greater than one. This valuewas then used as an input parameter for the Ward’s cluster analysis.
Table C.1 lists occupational clusters that were obtained from theclustering procedures. They are based on subclustering using eachof three dimensions: GW, a combination of KN and SK (KNSK), andAB. Solutions of 11, 10, and 9 subclusters were produced from theindividual sets of measures, respectively. For example, the numbersin the GW column show to which of the 11 subclusters based ongeneralized work activities each MOTD occupation was assigned.Combining the three subcluster schemes produced 41 uniqueclusters that have unique requirements in terms of work activities,knowledge, skills, and abilities.6 Descriptive labels were assigned toeach occupational cluster.
One adjustment was made to these results. The occupational clusterconsisting of firefighters and vehicle drivers was split into two sepa-rate clusters, firefighters and vehicle drivers, thereby increasing thenumber of clusters to 42. Some of the work activities of these two oc-cupations are sufficiently different that rating them separately al-lowed raters to make more accurate judgments.
There are also 10 MOTD occupations with mostly military contentthat cannot be matched accurately with O*NET classifications be-cause there are no equivalent civilian jobs. These occupations wereplaced into four occupational clusters based on general similaritiesand convenience for rating purposes (see Table C.2). When com-bined with the results above, we have a set of 46 occupational clus-ters that serve as the units of analysis in the other parts of this study.
______________6Analyses reported in the O*NET Final Technical Report support the use of this sort ofmultistage clustering as a desirable alternative to clustering in a single step. Multi-stage clustering produces higher effect size estimates, a higher percentage of correctreclassifications, and smaller error terms.
Cluster Analysis 53
Table C.1
Clusters of MOTD Occupations
ClusterAssignment MOTD
GW KNSK AB No. Occupational Cluster and MOTD Occupations
Air Traffic Controllers1 1 1 3920012 Air Traffic Control Managers1 1 1 3920021 Air Traffic Controllers
Musicians and Media Directors5 4 1 3230001 Musicians5 4 1 3230022 Music Directors5 4 1 3240002 Audiovisual and Broadcast Directors
Cluster Analysis 55
Table C.1 (continued)
ClusterAssignment MOTD
GW KNSK AB No. Occupational Cluster and MOTD Occupations
Public Information Managers and Journalists5 5 3 1131012 Emergency Management Officers5 5 3 1139992 International Relations Officers5 5 3 3320002 Public Information Officers5 5 3 3331001 Broadcast Journalists and News-Writers
Medical Service and Medical Care Technicians9 10 6 3040002 Physician Assistants9 10 6 3650001 Radiologic (X-Ray) Technicians9 10 6 3660991 Medical Care Technicians9 10 6 3690021 Medical Laboratory Technicians9 10 6 3690041 Cardiopulmonary and EEG Technicians9 10 6 3690071 Medical Service Technicians
Law Enforcement Specialists10 1 8 5132021 Military Police10 1 8 5133001 Law Enforcement and Security Specialists
Cluster Analysis 57
Table C.1 (continued)
ClusterAssignment MOTD
GW KNSK AB No. Occupational Cluster and MOTD Occupations
Health, Education, and Welfare Workers10 5 3 1283992 Training and Education Directors10 5 3 1310982 Health Services Administrators10 5 3 1915002 Psychologists10 5 3 2032012 Social Workers10 5 3 2032021 Caseworkers and Counselors10 5 3 2042002 Chaplains10 5 3 2110002 Lawyers10 5 3 2200992 Teachers and Instructors10 5 3 2390001 Training Specialists and Instructors10 5 3 3010002 Pharmacists10 5 3 3020002 Dietitians10 5 3 3034002 Speech Therapists10 5 3 3290011 Interpreters and Translators
Legal Specialists and Court Reporters10 5 5 3960001 Legal Specialists and Court Reporters
Nurses and Physical Therapists10 5 6 2900002 Registered Nurses10 5 6 3033982 Physical and Occupational Therapists10 5 6 5233011 Physical and Occupational Therapy Specialists
Pilots and Ship/Submarine Operators11 1 9 8241002 Ship and Submarine Officers11 1 9 8243011 Quartermasters and Boat Operators11 1 9 8250012 Airplane Pilots11 1 9 8250022 Helicopter Pilots
58 Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
Table C.2
Clusters of Uniquely Military Occupations
MOTD Occupational Cluster and MOTD Occupations
Special Operations Forces9100251 Special Operations Forces9100262 Special Operations Officers
Combat Arms9100191 Infantry9100042 Infantry Officers9100012 Artillery Crew Members9100161 Artillery Officers9100281 Tank Crew Members9100102 Tank Officers
Aircraft Launch and Recovery Specialists9100301 Aircraft Launch and Recovery Specialists
Ordnance Specialists6179011 Ordnance Specialists
59
Appendix D
DISTRIBUTION OF EXPECTED DIMENSION-LEVELINCREASES BY OCCUPATIONAL CLUSTER
Table D.1 shows, by occupational cluster, the number of dimensionsthat are expected to have higher-level requirements in the future,broken out by military and civil service workforces. The codes in thetable partially correspond to the sectors in Figure 3.2. The codes ap-pearing in the table are as follows:
1 indicates a large occupational cluster with many changed di-mensions. Corresponds to sector I in Figure 3.2.
2 indicates a small occupational cluster with many changed di-mensions. Corresponds to sector II in Figure 3.2.
3 indicates a large occupational cluster with few changed di-mensions. Corresponds to sector III in Figure 3.2.
4 indicates a small occupational cluster with few changed di-mensions. Corresponds to sector IV in Figure 3.2.
5 indicates that there are no people in that occupational clusterfor that service.
6 indicates no changed dimensions.
The distinction between small and large in this taxonomy is based on3 percent of the total population in a service or in the aggregate.That is, large was characterized as 14,000 in the Army, 6,000 in theNavy, 10,000 in the Air Force, 4,500 in the Marine Corps, 20,000 in thecivil service, and 50,000 in the aggregate.
60 Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
Occupational clusters with over 20 significant changes in dimensionlevels were considered to have many changes. Those with 20 or lesswere considered to have few.
Table D.1
Distribution of Occupational Clusters by Service, Size, andNumber of Changed Dimensions
Sector Code
Occupational Cluster Army Navy USAF USMCCivil
Service All
Aircraft, Automotive, and ElectricalMaintenance Specialists
1 1 1 1 1 1
Computer Systems Specialists 2 1 1 2 1 1Communications Operators 1 2 2 1 2 2Air Traffic Controllers 2 2 2 2 2 2Environmental Health and Safety
Firefighters 5 6 6 6 6 6Legal Specialists and Court Reporters 6 5 6 6 6 6Finance and Accounting Managers 6 6 6 6 6 6Life Scientists 6 6 6 5 6 6Musicians and Media Directors 6 6 6 6 6 6Nurses and Physical Therapists 6 6 6 5 6 6Preventive Maintenance Analysts 6 6 6 6 6 6Public Information Managers and
Journalists6 6 6 6 6 6
63
Appendix E
DIMENSIONS WITH EXPECTED HIGHER LEVELSWITHIN OCCUPATIONAL CLUSTER
This appendix contains tables for each occupational cluster withdimensions that are projected to require significantly higher levels inthe future than in the past. In addition to identifying thesedimensions (and their associated domains), the tables also show thepast relative level (upper, middle two, and lower quartiles) of thedimension compared to all other dimensions for the occupationalcluster. For example, in the occupational cluster for Administrative,Personnel, and Supply Specialists, a dimension in the work contextdomain, Provide a Service to Others, was in the middle quartiles of alldimensions for this occupational cluster in the past but is projectedto have a higher level in the future.
Military service and civil service occupational managers can linkinformation in this appendix to the workforce data in Appendices Fthrough J and the index in Appendix K to determine how each oftheir occupations might be changing.
Table E.1
Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—SpecialOperations Forces
Domain DimensionPast Level(Quartile)
SK Information organization Middle
64 Characteristics of the Future Defense Workforce
Table E.2
Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—Administrative,Personnel, and Supply Specialists
Domain DimensionPast Level(Quartile)
GW Performing administrative activities UpperWC Degree of automation UpperSK Critical thinking UpperWC Provide a service to others MiddleKN Computers and electronics MiddleKN Telecommunications Middle
Table E.3
Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—Aircraft, Automotive,and Electrical Maintenance Specialists
Domain DimensionPast Level(Quartile)
GW Updating and using job-relevant knowledge UpperWC Consequence of error UpperWC Degree of automation UpperKN Mechanical UpperKN Engineering and technology UpperSK Repairing UpperSK Equipment maintenance UpperSK Troubleshooting UpperSK Problem identification UpperSK Equipment selection UpperSK Testing UpperSK Reading comprehension UpperSK Critical thinking UpperSK Mathematics UpperSK Information gathering UpperSK Identification of key causes UpperWC Responsible for others’ health and safety MiddleWC Responsibility for outcomes and results MiddleWC Provide a service to others MiddleKN Computers and electronics MiddleKN Public safety and security MiddleSK Active learning MiddleSK Information organization MiddleSK Service orientation MiddleKN Telecommunications LowerKN Transportation Lower
Dimensions with Expected Higher Levels Within Occupational Cluster 65
Table E.4
Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—Air TrafficControllers
Domain DimensionPast Level(Quartile)
GW Making decisions and solving problems UpperGW Updating and using job-relevant knowledge UpperGW Thinking creatively UpperWC Responsible for others’ health and safety UpperWC Job-required social interaction UpperWC Responsibility for outcomes and results UpperWC Importance of being sure all is done UpperWC Importance of being exact or accurate UpperWC Importance of being aware of new events UpperWC Degree of automation UpperKN Transportation UpperSK Speaking UpperSK Monitoring UpperSK Problem identification UpperAB Time sharing UpperAB Speech clarity UpperAB Speed of closure UpperAB Selective attention UpperGW Providing consultation and advice to others MiddleWC Frustrating circumstances MiddleKN Computers and electronics MiddleKN Telecommunications MiddleKN Engineering and technology MiddleKN Communications and media MiddleKN Public safety and security MiddleKN Law, government, and jurisprudence MiddleAB Perceptual speed MiddleAB Information ordering MiddleKN Psychology LowerKN Customer and personal service Lower
66 Characteristics of the Future Defense Workforce
Table E.5
Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—AirplaneNavigators
Domain DimensionPast Level(Quartile)
WC Responsible for others’ health and safety UpperWC Degree of automation UpperWC Importance of being aware of new events UpperKN Geography UpperSK Active listening UpperSK Coordination UpperAB Speed of closure UpperAB Oral comprehension UpperAB Selective attention UpperGW Updating and using job-relevant knowledge MiddleGW Interpreting the meaning of information for others MiddleWC Responsibility for outcomes and results MiddleKN Computers and electronics MiddleKN Telecommunications MiddleAB Response orientation Middle
Table E.6
Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—CommunicationsManagers
Domain DimensionPast Level(Quartile)
AB Problem sensitivity UpperGW Developing and building teams MiddleWC Degree of automation MiddleWC Provide a service to others MiddleKN Computers and electronics MiddleKN Law, government, and jurisprudence MiddleKN Customer and personal service MiddleSK Synthesis/reorganization MiddleSK Equipment selection MiddleSK Service orientation MiddleSK Critical thinking MiddleAB Speed of closure MiddleAB Speech clarity MiddleKN Public safety and security Lower
Dimensions with Expected Higher Levels Within Occupational Cluster 67
Table E.7
Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—CommunicationsOperators
Domain DimensionPast Level(Quartile)
WC Consequence of error UpperWC Importance of being exact or accurate UpperWC Importance of being sure all is done UpperWC Using hands on objects, tools, controls UpperWC Degree of automation UpperKN Telecommunications UpperSK Active listening UpperSK Problem identification UpperSK Information gathering UpperSK Critical thinking UpperSK Troubleshooting UpperSK Judgment and decisionmaking UpperAB Information ordering UpperAB Speed of closure UpperWC Importance of being aware of new events MiddleWC Pace determined by speed of equipment MiddleKN Communications and media MiddleKN Engineering and technology MiddleKN Clerical MiddleSK Testing MiddleSK Technology design MiddleAB Perceptual speed Middle
68 Characteristics of the Future Defense Workforce
Table E.8
Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—Computer SystemsSpecialists
Domain DimensionPast Level(Quartile)
WC Degree of automation UpperWC Consequence of error UpperWC Importance of being exact or accurate UpperKN Computers and electronics UpperSK Troubleshooting UpperAB Originality UpperGW Inspecting equipment, structures, or materials MiddleGW Performing for or working directly with the public MiddleWC Frustrating circumstances MiddleWC Provide a service to others MiddleWC Using hands on objects, tools, controls MiddleWC Importance of being aware of new events MiddleWC Pace determined by speed of equipment MiddleWC Deal with unpleasant/angry people MiddleSK Equipment selection MiddleSK Technology design MiddleSK Systems evaluation MiddleSK Identification of downstream consequences MiddleSK Installation MiddleSK Service orientation MiddleAB Fluency of ideas Middle
Table E.9
Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—Construction andEngineering Operators
Domain DimensionPast Level(Quartile)
WC Responsible for others’ health and safety UpperKN Building and construction UpperWC Upper places frequency LowerWC Upper places injury Lower
Dimensions with Expected Higher Levels Within Occupational Cluster 69
Table E.10
Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—Combat Arms
Domain DimensionPast Level(Quartile)
GW Getting information needed to do the job MiddleGW Updating and using job-relevant knowledge MiddleGW Analyzing data or information MiddleGW Thinking creatively MiddleSK Social perceptiveness MiddleAB Speed of closure MiddleAB Inductive reasoning MiddleAB Oral comprehension MiddleGW Repairing and maintaining electronic equipment LowerGW Evaluating information for compliance to standards LowerKN Personnel and human resources Lower
Table E.11
Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—Dental and PharmacySpecialists
Domain DimensionPast Level(Quartile)
GW Updating and using job-relevant knowledge UpperWC Provide a service to others UpperKN Medicine and dentistry UpperKN Chemistry UpperAB Oral comprehension UpperAB Written comprehension UpperGW Interacting with computers MiddleGW Teaching others MiddleGW Resolving conflicts and negotiating with others MiddleKN Biology MiddleKN Customer and personal service MiddleKN Computers and electronics MiddleKN Engineering and technology Lower
70 Characteristics of the Future Defense Workforce
Table E.12
Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—Divers
Domain DimensionPast Level(Quartile)
GW Updating and using job-relevant knowledge MiddleGW Analyzing data or information MiddleKN Engineering and technology MiddleGW Operating vehicles, mechanized devices, or
equipment LowerGW Interacting with computers Lower
Table E.13
Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—Emergency Managementand Laboratory Specialists
Domain DimensionPast Level(Quartile)
AB Written comprehension UpperAB Oral expression UpperAB Written expression UpperKN Administration and management MiddleSK Identification of key causes MiddleSK Solution appraisal MiddleSK Implementation planning MiddleAB Fluency of ideas MiddleAB Originality Middle
Dimensions with Expected Higher Levels Within Occupational Cluster 71
Table E.14
Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—Environmental Healthand Safety Specialists
Domain DimensionPast Level(Quartile)
GW Getting information needed to do the job UpperGW Identifying objects, actions, and events UpperGW Updating and using job-relevant knowledge UpperGW Monitoring processes, materials, or surroundings UpperGW Processing information UpperGW Analyzing data or information UpperGW Evaluating information for compliance to standards UpperSK Implementation planning UpperSK Solution appraisal UpperSK Identification of downstream consequences UpperAB Written comprehension UpperAB Written expression UpperAB Problem sensitivity UpperAB Inductive reasoning UpperAB Deductive reasoning UpperGW Teaching others MiddleGW Coaching and developing others MiddleKN Chemistry MiddleKN Public safety and security MiddleKN Biology MiddleKN Law, government, and jurisprudence Middle
Table E.15
Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—Finance and Accounting Managers
Domain DimensionPast Level(Quartile)
None significant
Table E.16
Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—Firefighters
Domain DimensionPast Level(Quartile)
None significant
72 Characteristics of the Future Defense Workforce
Table E.17
Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—Flight Engineers
Domain DimensionPast Level(Quartile)
KN Computers and electronics UpperKN Engineering and technology UpperAB Perceptual speed Upper
Table E.18
Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—Functional SpecialtyManagers
Domain DimensionPast Level(Quartile)
KN Administration and management UpperKN Personnel and human resources UpperSK Management of personnel resources UpperSK Time management UpperAB Written expression UpperKN Customer and personal service MiddleKN Computers and electronics Middle
Table E.19
Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—Aircraft Launchand Recovery Specialists
Domain DimensionPast Level(Quartile)
None significant
Table E.20
Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—Health, Education,and Welfare Workers
Domain DimensionPast Level(Quartile)
GW Getting information needed to do the job UpperGW Making decisions and solving problems UpperGW Processing information UpperSK Writing UpperSK Visioning Upper
Dimensions with Expected Higher Levels Within Occupational Cluster 73
Table E.21
Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—IntelligenceSpecialists
Domain DimensionPast Level(Quartile)
GW Getting information needed to do the job UpperGW Identifying objects, actions, and events UpperGW Updating and using job-relevant knowledge UpperSK Information gathering UpperSK Reading comprehension UpperSK Information organization UpperSK Active learning UpperSK Active listening UpperSK Problem identification UpperSK Judgment and decisionmaking UpperSK Synthesis/reorganization UpperSK Idea evaluation UpperSK Monitoring UpperKN Telecommunications Middle
Table E.22
Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—Law EnforcementSpecialists
Domain DimensionPast Level(Quartile)
GW Resolving conflicts and negotiating with others UpperWC Importance of being exact or accurate UpperKN Public safety and security UpperKN Law, government, and jurisprudence UpperAB Inductive reasoning UpperGW Interpreting the meaning of information for others MiddleKN Sociology and anthropology MiddleSK Persuasion MiddleSK Negotiation Middle
Table E.23
Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—Legal Specialistsand Court Reporters
Domain DimensionPast Level(Quartile)
None significant
74 Characteristics of the Future Defense Workforce
Table E.24
Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—Life Scientists
Domain DimensionPast Level(Quartile)
None significant
Table E.25
Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—Machinists, Technicians,and Cargo Specialists
Domain DimensionPast Level(Quartile)
GW Monitoring processes, materials, or surroundings UpperGW Controlling machines and processes UpperGW Evaluating information for compliance to standards UpperSK Coordination UpperSK Equipment selection UpperSK Troubleshooting UpperGW Thinking creatively MiddleKN Engineering and technology MiddleKN Computers and electronics MiddleSK Operations analysis MiddleGW Operating vehicles, mechanized devices, or
equipment Lower
Table E.26
Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—Medical Service andMedical Care Technicians
Domain DimensionPast Level(Quartile)
GW Communicating with supervisors, peers, orsubordinates Upper
GW Making decisions and solving problems UpperSK Reading comprehension UpperSK Active listening UpperGW Analyzing data or information MiddleGW Interpreting the meaning of information for others MiddleGW Thinking creatively MiddleKN Customer and personal service MiddleSK Information organization MiddleSK Equipment selection Middle
Dimensions with Expected Higher Levels Within Occupational Cluster 75
Table E.27
Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—Musicians andMedia Directors
Domain DimensionPast Level(Quartile)
None significant
Table E.28
Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—Non-DestructiveTesters
Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—Ordnance Specialists
Domain DimensionPast Level(Quartile)
KN Public safety and security UpperKN Engineering and technology MiddleKN Computers and electronics Middle
Table E.30
Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—Nurses and PhysicalTherapists
Domain DimensionPast Level(Quartile)
None significant
Table E.31
Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—Optometry Technicians
Domain DimensionPast Level(Quartile)
None significant
76 Characteristics of the Future Defense Workforce
Table E.32
Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—Photographic andAudiovisual Specialists
Domain DimensionPast Level(Quartile)
GW Updating and using job-relevant knowledge UpperKN Computers and electronics MiddleKN Telecommunications Middle
Table E.33
Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—Physicians,Surgeons, and Optometrists
Domain DimensionPast Level(Quartile)
WC Responsible for others’ health and safety UpperKN Medicine and dentistry UpperKN Biology UpperKN Chemistry UpperKN Therapy and counseling MiddleKN Administration and management MiddleKN Psychology MiddleKN Computers and electronics MiddleKN Foreign language Lower
Table E.34
Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—Pilots and Ship/Submarine Operators
Domain DimensionPast Level(Quartile)
SK Instructing UpperAB Response orientation UpperAB Reaction time UpperAB Problem sensitivity UpperKN Mechanical MiddleKN Computers and electronics MiddleKN Engineering and technology MiddleKN Foreign language Lower
Dimensions with Expected Higher Levels Within Occupational Cluster 77
Table E.35
Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—Postal Directors
Domain DimensionPast Level(Quartile)
WC Degree of automation UpperKN Computers and electronics Middle
Table E.36
Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—Precision EquipmentRepairers
Domain DimensionPast Level(Quartile)
GW Repairing and maintaining electronic equipment UpperKN Computers and electronics UpperKN Mechanical Upper
Table E.37
Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—Preventive MaintenanceAnalysts
Domain DimensionPast Level(Quartile)
None significant
Table E.38
Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—Public InformationManagers and Journalists
Domain DimensionPast Level(Quartile)
None significant
Table E.39
Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—Radar andSonar Operators
Domain DimensionPast Level(Quartile)
GW Interacting with computers Middle
78 Characteristics of the Future Defense Workforce
Table E.40
Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—RecruitingSpecialists
Domain DimensionPast Level(Quartile)
GW Communicating with persons outside theorganization Upper
SK Persuasion UpperGW Selling or influencing others MiddleGW Developing objectives and strategies MiddleGW Thinking creatively MiddleGW Performing for or working directly with the public MiddleGW Operating vehicles, mechanized devices, or
equipment MiddleWC Persuade someone to a course of action Middle
Table E.41
Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—Scientistsand Engineers
Domain DimensionPast Level(Quartile)
GW Processing information UpperGW Thinking creatively UpperSK Mathematics UpperSK Science UpperKN Building and construction MiddleSK Systems evaluation MiddleSK Technology design Middle
Table E.42
Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—Ship Engineers and Air CrewMembers
Domain DimensionPast Level(Quartile)
SK Operation monitoring UpperSK Problem identification UpperGW Repairing and maintaining electronic equipment MiddleSK Information gathering MiddleSK Information organization MiddleSK Science MiddleGW Interacting with computers Lower
Dimensions with Expected Higher Levels Within Occupational Cluster 79
Table E.43
Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—Surveyors and Mappers
Domain DimensionPast Level(Quartile)
GW Analyzing data or information UpperWC Degree of automation Middle
Table E.44
Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—TransportationSpecialists
Domain DimensionPast Level(Quartile)
GW Interacting with computers Middle
Table E.45
Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—Vehicle Drivers
Domain DimensionPast Level(Quartile)
GW Repairing and maintaining mechanical equipment UpperGW Interacting with computers Lower
Table E.46
Dimensions with Higher Future Levels—Weather Personnel
Domain DimensionPast Level(Quartile)
WC Importance of being aware of new events UpperKN Geography UpperKN Computers and electronics Middle
81
Appendix F
ARMY OCCUPATIONS BY OCCUPATIONAL CLUSTER
1 Special Operations Forces
MOC MOC Title Personnel180A Special Forces Warrant Officer 38818A Special Forces 1,16918B Special Forces Weapons Sergeant 78218F Special Forces Assistant Operations/Intelligence
Sergeant396
18Z Special Forces Senior Sergeant 684921A Airdrop Systems Technician 56
2 Administrative, Personnel, and Supply Specialists
MOC MOC Title Personnel55B Ammunition Specialist 2,57457E Laundry and Shower Specialist 78171G Patient Administration Specialist 92271L Administrative Specialist 9,95771M Chaplain Assistant 1,26773C Finance Specialist 1,87773D Accounting Specialist 62173Z Finance Senior Sergeant 10875B Personnel Administration Specialist 3,27876J Medical Supply Specialist 1,45492A Automated Logistical Specialist 12,76392M Quartermaster 39092Y Unit Supply Specialist 12,32592Z Senior Noncommissioned Logistician 13793P Aviation Operations Specialist 1,738
3 Aircraft, Automotive, and Electrical Maintenance Specialists
MOC MOC Title Personnel44B Metal Worker 85151R Interior Electrician 18152C Utilities Equipment Repairer 1,34652D Power-Generation Equipment Repairer 3,23952E Prime Power Production Specialist 19052X Special Purpose Equipment Repairer 19662B Construction Equipment Repairer 1,983
MOC MOC Title Personnel93C Air Traffic Control (ATC) Operator 1,143
6 Communications Managers
MOC MOC Title Personnel25C Communications-Electronics (C-E) Operations 1,626
7 Communications Operators
MOC MOC Title Personnel18E Special Forces Communications Sergeant 80431F Network Switching Systems Operator-Maintainer 4,23231U Signal Support Systems Specialist 7,36031W Telecommunications Operations Chief 1,59174C Record Telecommunications Operator-Maintainer 2,44998H Morse Interceptor 60798K Non-Morse Interceptor/Analyst 509
8 Computer Systems Specialists
MOC MOC Title Personnel251A Data Processing Technician 8225B Communications-Electronics (C-E) Automation 10653A Systems Automation Management 43
Army Occupations by Occupational Cluster 83
53B Systems Automation Officer, Hardware Engineering 853C Systems Automation Acquisition 574Z Record Information Systems Chief 15475F Personnel Information System Management Specialist 696
9 Construction and Engineering Operators
MOC MOC Title Personnel12B Combat Engineer 8,97412C Bridge Crewmember 72412Z Combat Engineering Senior Sergeant 31018C Special Forces Engineer Sergeant 74843M Fabric Repair Specialist 20551H Construction Engineering Supervisor 48051K Plumber 15551Z General Engineering Supervisor 16062E Heavy Construction Equipment Operator 1,52662F Crane Operator 35362G Quarrying Specialist 4862H Concrete and Asphalt Equipment Operator 10162J General Construction Equipment Operator 77262N Construction Equipment Supervisor 473
10 Combat Arms
MOC MOC Title Personnel11A Infantry 6,72611B Infantryman 28,39111C Indirect Fire Infantryman 5,56811H Heavy Antiarmor Weapons Infantryman 2,58911M Fighting Vehicle Infantryman 13,78011X Infantry MOS to Be Determined 2,44911Z Infantry Senior Sergeant 24412A Armor, General 4,00312B Armor 612C Cavalry 213A Field Artillery, General 5,21313B Cannon Crewmember 11,36113C Automated Fire Support Systems Specialist 81713E Cannon Fire Direction Specialist 1,91913F Fire Support Specialist 4,27813M Multiple Launch Rocket System Crewmember 3,46413P Multiple Launch Rocket System Operations/Fire
Direction Specialist1,008
13Z Field Artillery Senior Sergeant 62114A Air Defense Artillery, General 1,64314B Short-Range Air Defense Artillery (SHORAD) 21214D HAWK Missile System Crewmember 114D HAWK Missile Air Defense Artillery 414E PATRIOT Missile Air Defense Artillery 26314E PATRIOT Fire Control Enhanced Operator/Maintainer 1,22714J Air Defense C4I Tactical Operations Center Enhanced
Operator/Maintainer1,219
14M Man Portable Air Defense System Crewmember 1414R BRADLEY Linebacker Crewmember 1,504
MOC MOC Title Personnel63A General Dentist 34163B Comprehensive Dentist 29763D Periodontist 5363E Endodontist 4163F Prosthodontist 10263H Public Health Dentist 763K Pediatric Dentist 3863M Orthodonist 3463N Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon 8963P Oral Pathologist 1791E Dental Specialist 1,64891Q Pharmacy Specialist 633
12 Divers
MOC MOC Title Personnel00B Diver 88
13 Emergency Management and Laboratory Specialists
MOC MOC Title Personnel54B Chemical Operations Specialist 6,38677L Petroleum Laboratory Specialist 149
14 Environmental Health and Safety Specialists
MOC MOC Title Personnel91R Veterinary Food Inspection Specialist 96791S Preventive Medicine Specialist 681
15 Finance and Accounting Managers
MOC MOC Title Personnel44A Finance, General 59045A Comptroller 19
18 Functional Specialty Managers
MOC MOC Title Personnel151A Aviation Maintenance Technician (Nonrated) 22015D Aviation Logistics 174311A CID Special Agent 32631A Military Police General 1,617420A Military Personnel Technician 21542A Adjutant General, General 45542B Personnel Systems Management 1,12149B Operations Research, Personnel 19640A Veterinary Services Technician 6074C Chemical Munitions and Materiel Management 636
Army Occupations by Occupational Cluster 85
88A Transportation, General 1,90988B Traffic Management 188C Marine and Terminal Operations 288D Motor/Rail Transportation 290A Logistics 23910A Ammunition Technician 106914A Allied Trades Technician 54915A Unit Maintenance Technician (Light) 486915D Unit Maintenance Technician (Heavy) 126915E Support Maintenance Technician 34091A Ordnance, General 33091B Maintenance Management 2,13991D Munitions Materiel Management 45691M Hospital Food Service Specialist 558920A Property Accounting Technician 444920B Supply Systems Technician 304922A Food Service Technician 17492A Quartermaster, General 83692B Supply and Materiel Management 1,73792D Aerial Delivery and Materiel 20692F Petroleum and Water 20392G Quartermaster 10,589
20 Health, Education and Welfare Workers
MOC MOC Title Personnel47A USMA Professor 2855A Judge Advocate, General 1,39155B Military Judge 156A Command and Unit Chaplain 1,23856D Clinical Pastoral Educator 261E Clinical Pharmacologist 865C Dietitian 14167A Health Services 2,59167D Behavioral Sciences 25267E Pharmacy 14470A Health Care Administration 170B Health Services Administration 273B Clinical Psychology 496Z Intelligence Senior Sergeant 3297E Interrogator 82698G Voice Interceptor 2,96898X Linguist MOS to Be Determined 44398Z Signals Intelligence/Electronic Warfare Chief 148
21 Intelligence Specialists
MOC MOC Title Personnel131A Field Artillery Targeting Technician 17225A Signal, General 2,000350B All Source Intelligence Technician 137350D Imagery Intelligence Technician 78351B Counterintelligence Technician 293351E Human Intelligence Collection Technician 108352C Traffic Analysis Technician 145
MOC MOC Title Personnel95B Military Police 14,07295C Corrections Specialist 94895D CID Special Agent 463
23 Legal Specialists and Court Reporters
MOC MOC Title Personnel550A Legal Administrator 6171D Legal Specialist 1,570
24 Life Scientists
MOC MOC Title Personnel64A Veterinarian 41767B Laboratory Sciences 27075A Field Veterinary Service 7
25 Machinists, Technicians, and Cargo Specialists
MOC MOC Title Personnel42E Optical Laboratory Specialist 18244E Machinist 41077F Petroleum Supply Specialist 8,58677W Water Treatment Specialist 86281L Lithographer 30188H Cargo Specialist 1,65792R Quartermaster 1,598
26 Medical Service and Medical Care Technicians
MOC MOC Title Personnel18D Special Forces Medical Sergeant 73065D Physician Assistant 478
Army Occupations by Occupational Cluster 87
91B Medical Specialist 16,97591C Practical Nurse 3,07391D Operating Room Specialist 1,06891K Medical Laboratory Specialist 1,97791P Radiology Specialist 95991T Animal Care Specialist 45891V Respiratory Specialist 298
27 Musicians and Media Directors
MOC MOC Title Personnel02B Band Member Coronet or Trumpet Player 25802C Band Member Baritone or Euphonium Player 7402D Band Member French Horn Player 10502E Band Member Trombone Player 14902F Band Member Tuba Player 10202G Band Member Flute or Piccolo Player 7502H Band Member Oboe Player 3502J Band Member Clarinet Player 17702K Band Member Bassoon Player 4302L Band Member Saxophone Player 14902M Band Member Percussion Player 10702N Band Member Piano Player 7102S Special Band Member 55102T Band Member Guitar Player 4302U Electric Bass Guitar Player 5502Z Bands Senior Sergeant 61420C Bandmaster 4642C Army Bands 2246B Broadcast 13
29 Ordnance Specialists
MOC MOC Title Personnel55D Explosive Ordnance Disposal (EOD) Specialist 1,065
30 Nurses and Physical Therapists
MOC MOC Title Personnel65A Occupational Therapy 7265B Physical Therapy 17766A Nurse Administrator 266C Psychiatric/Mental Health Nurse 9166E Operating Room Nurse 28566F Nurse Anesthetist 22166H Medical Surgical Nurse 2,73966J Clinical Nurse 1
32 Photographic and Audiovisual Specialists
MOC MOC Title Personnel25M Multimedia Illustrator 33225V Combat Documentation/Production Specialist 47225Z Visual Information Operations Chief 107
88 Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
33 Physicians, Surgeons, Optometrists
MOC MOC Title Personnel60B Nuclear Medicine Officer 2360C Preventive Medicine Officer 7860D Occupational Medicine Officer 2260F Pulmonary Disease Officer 5860G Medical Corps Officer, Gastroenterologist 4760H Cardiologist 6460J Obstetrician and Gynecologist 26960K Urologist 7260L Dermatologist 7160M Allergist, Clinical Immunologist 2160N Anesthesiologist 17160P Pediatrician 28760Q Pediatric Cardiologist 760R Child Neurologist 1460S Ophthalmologist 10360T Otolaryngologist 7760U Child Psychiatrist 4060V Neurologist 6060W Psychiatrist 16561A Nephrologist 1461B Medical Oncologist/Hematologist 3661C Endocrinologist 2261D Rheumatologist 1561F Internist 44561G Infectious Disease Officer 3561H Family Physician 56361J General Surgeon 30261K Thoracic Surgeon 1961L Plastic Surgeon 2061M Orthopedic Surgeon 22361N Flight Surgeon 14761P Physiatrist 3661Q Therapeutic Radiologist 1661R Diagnostic Radiologist 21661U Pathologist 14361W Peripheral Vascular Surgeon 1561Z Neurosurgeon 2662A Emergency Physician 17762B Field Surgeon 35467C Preventive Medicine Sciences 37267F Optometry 12267G Podiatry 22
34 Pilots and Ship/Submarine Operators
MOC MOC Title Personnel152B OH-58A/C Scout Pilot 79152C OH-6 Pilot 52152D OH-58D Pilot 702152F AH-64 Attack Pilot 862152G AH-1 Attack Pilot 50153B UH-1 Pilot 158
Army Occupations by Occupational Cluster 89
153D UH-60 Pilot 1,943154C CH-47D Pilot 516155A Fixed Wing Aviator 4155D U-21 Pilot 37155E C-12 Pilot 30215A Aviation, General 4,33715B Aviation Combined Arms Operations 15915C Aviation All-Source Intelligence 2667J Aeromedical Evacuation 286880A Marine Deck Officer 8888K Watercraft Operator 591
36 Precision Equipment Repairers
MOC MOC Title Personnel140E PATRIOT Systems Technician 16114T PATRIOT Launching Station Enhanced
Operator/Maintainer2,372
14Z Air Defense Artillery Senior Sergeant 25325R Visual Information Equipment Operator-Maintainer 22127E Land Combat Electronic Missile System Repairer 60027M Multiple Launch Rocket System (MLRS) Repairer 45127T AVENGER System Repairer 27627X PATRIOT System Repairer 16027Z Missile Systems Maintenance Chief 3631C Radio Operator-Maintainer 1,42131L Cable Systems Installer-Maintainer 2,12331P Microwave Systems Operator-Maintainer 1,51531R Multichannel Transmission Systems Operator-
Maintainer7,196
31S Satellite Communication Systems Operator-Maintainer 2,04731T Satellite/Microwave Systems Chief 6931Z Senior Signal Sergeant 12735B Land Combat Support System (LCSS) Test Specialist 5635C Surveillance Radar Repairer 4135E Radio and Communications Security (COMSEC) Repairer 1,76635F Special Electronic Devices Repairer 35435H Test, Measurement, and Diagnostic Equipment (TMDE)
Maintenance Support Specialist262
35J Telecommunication Terminal Device Repairer 42435M Radar Repairer 19435N Wire Systems Equipment Repairer 39035Q Avionic Flight Systems Repairer 11935W Electronic Maintenance Chief 45535Y Integrated Family of Test Equipment (IFTE) Operator
and Maintainer294
35Z Senior Electronics Maintenance Chief 2739B Automatic Test Equipment Operator/Maintainer 10845B Small Arms/Artillery Repairer 50345D Self-Propelled Field Artillery Turret Mechanic 18145E M1 ABRAMS Tank Turret Mechanic 70045G Fire Control Repairer 35545K Armament Repairer 92245N M60A1/A3 Tank Turret Mechanic 3
90 Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
45T BRADLEY Fighting Vehicle System Turret Mechanic 55852G Transmission and Distribution Specialist 263J Quartermaster and Chemical Equipment Repairer 1,272670A Health Services Maintenance Technician 7768J Aircraft Armament/Missile Systems Repairer 61668N Avionic Mechanic 62474G ADP Systems Analyst 39091A Medical Equipment Repairer 650
37 Preventive Maintenance Analysts
MOC MOC Title Personnel74B Card and Tape Writer 2,673
38 Public Information Managers and Journalists
MOC MOC Title Personnel350L Attaché Technician 5438A Civil Affairs Specialist (Reserve Components) 739A PSYOP or CA, General 3239B Psychological Operations 739C Civil Affairs 346A Public Affairs, General 1846Q Journalist 37846R Broadcast Journalist 24746Z Public Affairs Chief 5348A Foreign Area Officer, General 5048B Latin America 748C West Europe 148D Foreign Area Officer, South Asia 348E Russia/East Europe 348F Foreign Area Officer, China 170H Health Services Plans, Operations, Intelligence, Security,
and Training2
91E Explosive Ordnance Disposal 28
39 Radar and Sonar Operators
MOC MOC Title Personnel13R Field Artillery (FA) Firefinder Radar Operator 487
40 Recruiting Specialists
MOC MOC Title Personnel00Z Command Sergeant Major 1,11979R Recruiter 3,15879S Career Counselor 719
41 Scientists and Engineers
MOC MOC Title Personnel140A Command and Control Systems Technician 22210A Utilities Operation and Maintenance Technician 4121A Engineer General 1,00421B Combat Engineer 2,59321D Facilities/Contract Construction Management Engineer
(FCCME) Officer6
Army Occupations by Occupational Cluster 91
25D Communications-Electronics (C-E) Engineering 5825E Information Systems and Networking 2149A Operations Research/Systems Analysis Officer,
49E Operations Research, Test, and Evaluation 151A Research and Development 152A Nuclear Weapons Officer, General 652B Nuclear Weapons Research 572D Environmental Science 172E Sanitary Engineer 274A Chemical, General 50874B Chemical Operations and Training 84912A Land Combat Missile Systems Technician 59916A High-to-Medium Air Defense (HIMAD) Direct
Support/General Support Maintenance Technician20
917A Maneuver Forces Air Defense Systems (MFADS)Technician
74
918A TMDE Maintenance Support Technician 20918B Electronic Systems Maintenance Technician 185919A Engineer Equipment Repair Technician 136
42 Ship Engineers and Air Crew Members
MOC MOC Title Personnel881A Marine Engineering Officer 95
43 Surveyors and Mappers
MOC MOC Title Personnel215D Terrain Analysis Technician 3421C Topographic Engineer 1235C Imagery Intelligence 19551T Technical Engineering Specialist 29081T Topographic Analyst 37981Z Topographic Engineering Supervisor 2682C Field Artillery Surveyor 89582D Topographic Surveyor 121
44 Transportation Specialists
MOC MOC Title Personnel88M Motor Transport Operator 10,75688N Transportation Management Coordinator 1,44488Z Transportation Senior Sergeant 274
46 Weather Personnel
MOC MOC Title Personnel93F Field Artillery Meteorological Crewmember 226
93
Appendix G
NAVY OCCUPATIONS BY OCCUPATIONAL CLUSTER
1 Special Operations Forces
MOC MOC Title Personnel5323 SDV Pilot/Navigator/DDS Operator 825326 Combatant Swimmer (SEAL) 6695332 EOD Technician 645333 EOD Technician/Parachutist 85350 Special Warfare Combatant Crewman (SWCC) Basic 105351 Special Warfare Combatant Crewman (SWCC) Intermediate 1695352 Special Warfare Combatant Crewman (SWCC) Advanced 578673 Squadron Special Missions Officer 549062 Amphibious Operations Officer 369231 Explosive Ordnance Disposal Mobile Unit Officer 19291 Executive Officer, Special Warfare Team 29291 Executive Officer, Special Warfare Team 229293 Sea-Air-Land Officer 119293 Sea-Air-Land Officer 1819294 Seal Delivery Vehicle Officer 369480 Search and Rescue Officer 119554 Master Naval Parachutist 1
2 Administrative, Personnel, and Supply Specialists
MOC MOC Title Personnel2514 Flag Officer Writer 1802612 Classification Interviewer 4092813 Independent Duty Ashore Storekeeper 252814 SNAP II Supply and Financial Management (SFM)
Storekeeper840
2815 Independent Duty Afloat Storekeeper 2372820 SNAP II Supply and Financial Management (SFM)
Functional Area Supervisor632
2824 Supply and Accounting (SUADPS R/T) Technical Specialist 822
94 Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
2825 Supply and Accounting (SUADPS-R/T) Advanced TechnicalSpecialist
458
2905 Disbursing Afloat Automated Systems Specialist 6843111 Automated Afloat Sales and Service Manager 8753115 Resale Management Specialist 363122 Barber 8013154 Dry Cleaning Specialist 1388012 Aviation Supply Systems Specialist 4308424 Medical Department Administration Technician 2778496 Mortician 179190 Special Security Assistant 8779580 Command Master Chief 1909590 Support Equipment Asset Manager 138
3 Aircraft, Automotive, and Electrical Maintenance Specialists
MOC MOC Title Personnel0982 Guided Missile Launching System (GMLS) MK-26
Obsolescence Recovery Program (ORP) Technician19
0983 MK-41 Vertical Launching System (VLS) AdvancedTechnician
16
1103 AEGIS Combat System Maintenance Supervisor 211104 AEGIS Combat System (BL4) Maintenance Supervisor 711105 AEGIS Weapon System MK-7 Technician 1551157 Improved Self Defense Surface Missile System Technician 1111158 TARTAR Missile Fire Control System (MK-74 MOD 14)
Technician22
1159 TERRIER Missile Fire Control System (MK-76 MOD 10)Technician
9
1194 AN/BSY-2(V) Advanced Maintainer 11323 AGFCS MK-86 MOD 8/10 Systems Technician 1541324 AGFCS MK-86 MOD 9 Systems Technician 41332 Over the Horizon-Targeting (OTH-T) Supervisor 161333 Advanced TOMAHAWK Weapon Control System (ATWCS)
4355 LAMPS MK III RAST Mechanical Maintenanceman 2524361 ARS-50 Class Propulsion Technician 114366 LSD-41 Class Propulsion System Technician 1014615 Electrical Motor Rewinder 5574621 IMA Electrical Shop Journeyman 2354626 DD-963/LHD-1 Electrical Component Maintenance
Technician211
4632 FFG-7 Class Auxiliaries Electrical System Technician 1464666 Minesweeping Electrician 734668 UNREP Electrical-Electronics Control Maintenance 2174671 Shipboard Elevator Electronic/Electrical System
Maintenance Technician485
4672 Steam Catapult Electrician 714673 LAMPS MK III RAST/HRS Electrical Maintenanceman 2354709 Mission Briefing System AN/SXQ-8 Maintenance
Technician59
4731 Auxiliary Electrician 10
96 Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
4743 Integrated Launch and Recovery Television Surveillance(ILARTS) System Maintenance Technician
4755 LSD-41 Console Maintenance 334756 AO-177 Console Maintenance 714757 ARS-50 Console Maintenance 324758 Stabilized Glide Slope Indicator System Maintenance 4364775 MK-9 MOD 4 DRAI/MK-6 MOD 4B DRT Technician 584776 MK-9 MOD 4/MK-10 MOD 0 DRAI and MK-6 MOD 4B DRT
Technician59
4777 MK-6 MOD 4D Digital Dead Reckoning Trace (DDRT)Technician
59
5601 Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) Maintenance 425633 Mobile Utilities Support Equipment (MUSE) Technician 375635 Advanced Construction Electrician 2455805 Advanced Construction Mechanic 3795908 Tool and Equipment Technician 486104 Shore Based Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Technician 746410 F-110 Turbofan Jet Engine First Degree Repair/IMA
Technician73
6415 TF-30 Turbofan Jet Engine First Degree Repair/IMAMechanic
117
6416 J-52 Turbojet Engine First Degree/IMA Mechanic 1656417 T-400 Turboshaft Jet Engine First Degree Repair/IMA
Mechanic14
6418 T-56 Turboprop Engine and 54H60 Series Propeller FirstDegree/IMA Mechanic
270
6419 T-58 Turboshaft Jet Engine First Degree/IMA Mechanic 1396420 F-404 Turbofan Jet Engine First Degree/IMA Mechanic 1906421 TF-34 Turbofan Jet Engine First Degree/IMA Mechanic 966422 Test Cell Operator/Maintainer 1406423 T-56-425/427 Turboprop Engine and Propeller IMA
Mechanic58
6424 T-64 Turboshaft Jet Engine First Degree/IMA Mechanic 296426 T-700 Turboshaft Jet Engine First Degree/IMA Mechanic 696428 Helicopter Rotors/Related Components IMA Mechanic 67105 Attitude Heading Reference System IMA Technician 1407131 Power Generating Systems IMA Technician 397133 A6/EA6 Electrical Component IMA Technician 197136 P-3C Automatic Flight Control Systems (AFCS) IMA
Technician91
7137 Aircraft Instrument IMA Technician 1787144 Helicopter ASE/AFCS IMA Technician 907173 ASM-175 Electronic Module Test Console IMA Technician 817174 AFCS/ADC/INS/DRS and Flight Systems Mini-SACE GT-4
Test Console Intermediate Technician64
7175 P-3/C-130/E-2/C-2 Electrical Component IMA Technician 65
Navy Occupations by Occupational Cluster 97
7182 P-3A/B Integrated Electrical System OMA Specialist 597184 F/A-18 Electrical Systems IMA Technician 897197 ASM-608 Inertial Measurement Unit Test Set Maintenance
Technician191
7212 Stationary Hydraulics Test StandOperator/Maintenanceman
177
7213 Hydraulic, Pneumatic, Servocylinder Test (STS)Operator/Maintainer
32
7232 Structural Repair IMA Technician 4987603 Support Equipment Air Conditioning and Mobile
Maintenance Facility (MMF) Technician73
7606 Support Equipment Gas Turbine Mechanic 1677607 Shore Support Equipment Tow Tractor Technician 2887610 Weapons Handling/Loading Equipment Mechanic 597612 Afloat SE Hydraulic Equipment IMA Technician 1347613 Shore Based SE Hydraulic Equipment IMA Technician 1277614 Shore Based Mobile Electric Power Plant IMA Technician 2557615 Afloat Mobile Electric Power Plant Technician 1487616 Maintenance Crane IMA Technician (Shore) 317617 Crash and Material Handling Technician (Sea) 647618 Afloat Support Equipment Technician 1388361 Unmanned Air Vehicle (UAV) Systems Organizational
Maintenance Technician42
8362 Unmanned Air Vehicle (UAV) Systems Operator 238375 H-2 (LAMPS) Systems Organizational Maintenance
Technician69
8376 SH-60 (LAMPS MK III) Systems Organizational MaintenanceTechnician
604
8377 SH-3 Systems Organizational Maintenance Technician 3168378 SH-60F/HH-60H Systems Organizational Maintenance
Technician1,347
8379 H-46 Systems Organizational Maintenance Technician 7568380 UH-1N Systems Organizational Maintenance Technician 328391 Airborne Mine Countermeasure Systems Maintenance
(AMCM) Technician (Level I and O)79
8803 CH/MH-53 Systems Organizational ApprenticeMaintenance Technician
154
8805 C-2/E-2 Systems Organizational Apprentice MaintenanceTechnician
228
8806 E-2C Group II Systems Organizational ApprenticeMaintenance Technician
131
8819 P-3 Systems Organizational Apprentice MaintenanceTechnician
666
8832 EA-6B Systems Organizational Apprentice MaintenanceTechnician
485
8835 F-14D Systems Organizational Apprentice MaintenanceTechnician
179
98 Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
8842 F/A-18 Systems Organizational Apprentice MaintenanceTechnician
1,489
8843 E-6A Systems Organizational Apprentice MaintenanceTechnician
29
8845 F-14 Systems Organizational Apprentice MaintenanceTechnician
853
8847 S-3 Systems Organizational Apprentice MaintenanceTechnician
502
8877 H-3 Systems Organizational Apprentice MaintenanceTechnician
46
8878 SH-60F/HH-60H Systems Organizational ApprenticeMaintenance Technician
MOC MOC Title Personnel6901 Facility Rated Approach Controller 3966902 Carrier Air Traffic Control Center Controller 6376903 Amphibious Air Traffic Control Center Controller 2448621 Strike Operations Officer 638644 Radar Air Traffic Control Center Officer 498647 Air Traffic Control Officer 188658 Controlled Approach Officer 18662 Landing Signal Officer 1128960 Navy Airspace Officer 88972 Staff Air Tactical Officer 148976 Target Aircraft Controller 18976 Target Aircraft Controller 2
6 Communications Managers
MOC MOC Title Personnel9510 Communication Officer, Ashore 199510 Communication Officer, Ashore 619512 Automated Message Processing Exchange Officer 29515 Communications Plans and Operations Officer 89515 Communications Plans and Operations Officer 979517 Communication Security Officer 29517 Communication Security Officer 129525 Communication Watch Officer 139525 Communication Watch Officer 349535 Custodian of Communications Material 289543 Director of Communications 59560 Satellite Communications Officer 39560 Satellite Communications Officer 14
Navy Occupations by Occupational Cluster 99
9565 Radio Officer 69565 Radio Officer 269567 Radio Station Officer 29567 Radio Station Officer 89575 Circuit Control Officer 79575 Circuit Control Officer 99582 Communication Officer, Afloat 89582 Communication Officer, Afloat 3739585 Signal Officer 129590 Staff Communications Officer 99590 Staff Communications Officer 1419595 Communications Traffic Officer 49595 Communications Traffic Officer 18
7 Communications Operators
MOC MOC Title Personnel0342 Navy Tactical Command System Afloat (NTCS-A) Operator 1,4010344 Navy Command and Control System (NCCS) Ashore
14RO SSN Radio Frequency (RF) Equipment Operator 13514TM TRIDENT I/II Radio Frequency (RF) Equipment
Maintenance Technician27
14TO TRIDENT I/II Radio Frequency (RF) Equipment Operator 1961573 AIMS (TSEC/CRYPTO) Technician 11733 Electronic Warfare Systems Technician (AN/SLQ-32(V)2) 3131734 Electronic Warfare Systems Technician (AN/SLQ-32(V)3) 4351737 Electronics Warfare Systems Technician (AN/SLQ-
32A(V)5/AN/SLQ-32(V)5)68
1743 Electronic Warfare Systems Technician (AN/WLR-1H) 441781 Electronic Warfare Technician (Advanced Application) 2832301 Enlisted Frequency Manager 202321 Surface Communication Systems Operator 3652350 NAVMACS(V)5 Ship System Operator 1172354 FLTSATCOM (SSIXS-OPCONCEN) Operator 452358 SHF SATCOM Systems Operator 332375 Tactical Support Communications (TSCOMM) Replacement
Program System Operator95
2376 LHD Class Radio Communications Systems Controller 222378 VERDIN/ISABPS Shore Communications System Operator 176634 Aircraft Communications Security Devices Equipment IMA
MOC MOC Title Personnel0336 Tactical Support Center (TSC) Operations Control Operator 952306 Computer Based Training Technician 4,5532708 OSIS Baseline Upgrade (OBU) System Manager 252709 Joint Force Air Component Commander (JFACC) System
Administrator5
2720 NTCS-A System Administrator 722730 SNAP III System Administrator 2632735 Information Systems Administrator 3052739 Information Center Supervisor 22743 Computer Programmer (FORTRAN) 42750 Small Computer System Specialist 662755 AN/UYK-65 System Supervisor (SNAP I) 672756 AN/UYK-65(V) System Operator (SNAP I) 1172757 CV-ASWM Data Processing System Operator 212776 Navy Command and Control System (NCCS) Ashore System
Manager45
2777 Tactical Support Center (TSC) Data Processing SystemOperator
26
2778 Mission Distribution System Operator 496314 Naval Aviation Logistics Command Management
Information System (NALCOMIS) DatabaseAdministrator/Analyst (DBA/A)
136
6315 Naval Aviation Logistics Command ManagementInformation System (NALCOMIS) SystemAdministrator/Analyst (SA/A)
9170 CLASSIC WIZARD Basic Operator 2169174 CLASSIC WIZARD Configuration Maintenance Analyst 289176 CLASSIC WIZARD System Support Operator 59301 Entry Level Programmer/Analyst 1029302 Cryptologic Network and Systems Configuration Manager 829303 Integrated Data Network Exchange Operations and
Maintenance97
9304 Database Administrator 239512 3-M System Coordinator 839517 Ship’s 3-M System Coordinator 2529705 ADP System Director 59705 ADP System Director 809710 ADP Programs Officer 1
Navy Occupations by Occupational Cluster 101
9710 ADP Programs Officer 429715 ADP Production Officer 49715 ADP Production Officer 159720 ADP Plans Officer 39720 ADP Plans Officer 699730 Database Management Officer 279735 Computer Systems Analyst 49735 Computer Systems Analyst 1019740 Digital Computer System Programmer 29740 Digital Computer System Programmer 119745 ADP Systems Maintenance Officer 149745 ADP Systems Maintenance Officer 449750 ADP Customer Liaison Officer 59755 Shipboard Nontactical Automatic Data Processing System
Coordinator4
9755 Shipboard Nontactical Automatic Data Processing SystemCoordinator
13
9781 ADP Systems Security Officer 69781 ADP Systems Security Officer 29
9 Construction and Engineering Operators
MOC MOC Title Personnel0107 Minesweeping Boatswain’s Mate 1750110 IMA Rigging and Weight Testing Shop Journeyman 1060164 Assault Boat Coxswain 7655501 Construction Inspector 3485707 Water Well Drilling Technician 605708 Blaster 595710 Advanced Equipment Operator 2965712 Elevated Causeway System (Modular) Specialist 15907 Advanced Builder 2705915 Construction Planner and Estimator Specialist 2196010 Advanced Steelworker 896021 Safety Inspector 4567353 Special Operations Parachute Rigger 1647356 Aircrew Survival Equipment (IMA) Technician 190
10 Combat Arms
MOC MOC Title Personnel0332 TOMAHAWK Weapon System (Surface) Operator 2146090 Surface Munitions Project Officer 16380 Weapons Equipment Project Officer 96457 Fire Control Inspection and Repair Officer 46470 Weapons Control Systems Project Officer (General) 106472 Weapons Control Systems Project Officer (Surface) 166503 Degaussing Officer 16516 Mine Assembly and Repair Officer 1
8177 Aircraft Maintenance Quality Control Officer 68177 Aircraft Maintenance Quality Control Officer 798180 Air Wing Maintenance Officer 288189 Aircraft Intermediate Maintenance Officer, General 58189 Aircraft Intermediate Maintenance Officer, General 838190 Aircraft Organizational Maintenance Officer, General 68190 Aircraft Organizational Maintenance Officer, General 2548618 Air Officer 908620 Air Operations Officer, Afloat 458625 Aircraft Handling Officer 388638 Aircraft Fueling Officer 198638 Aircraft Fueling Officer 338653 Officer in Charge, Aviation Unit or Detachment 98653 Officer in Charge, Aviation Unit or Detachment 2988654 Flight Deck Officer 438660 Hangar Deck Officer 308668 Operations Officer, Aviation Shore Activity 418670 Squadron Commanding Officer 2368672 Squadron Executive Officer 1758675 Squadron Department Head 4298680 Squadron Operations Officer 58680 Squadron Operations Officer 1258685 Staff Air Operations and Planning Officer 1208687 Staff Air Defense Officer 88925 Aircraft Material Control and Allocation Officer 628925 Aircraft Material Control and Allocation Officer 809034 Staff Administration Officer 89034 Staff Administration Officer 849050 Shipping Control Officer 139051 Logistics Officer 39051 Logistics Officer 1179405 Beachmaster 59405 Beachmaster 59420 Officer in Charge, Naval Shore Activity 159420 Officer in Charge, Naval Shore Activity 4049421 Commander/Commanding Officer, Shore Activity 4899422 Commanding Officer, Naval Shore Activity (Selected) 86
108 Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
9424 Naval Control of Shipping Officer 59430 Drydocking Officer (General) 99431 Drydocking Officer (Floating Drydocks) 59436 Executive Officer, Shore Activity 4499456 Coastal/Harbor Defense Officer 49466 Operations Officer, Ashore 79466 Operations Officer, Ashore 379467 Shipping Operations Officer 69470 Commanding Officer, Military Sealift Command Office 139471 Executive Officer, Military Sealift Command Office 109476 Port Services Officer 49476 Port Services Officer 229486 Operations Control Center Briefing Officer 39497 Yard Boatswain 49580 Communications Security Material Issuing Officer 19580 Communications Security Material Issuing Officer 39930 Executive Assistant 1789935 Aide 979950 Military Sealift Command Commander 49960 Inspector General 19960 Inspector General 539965 Inspector, Technical 49965 Inspector, Technical 659970 Plans and Policies Chief 229980 Plans and Policies Director 879981 Naval Plans and Policies Director, Naval Command Systems 309990 Joint Strategic Plans and Policy Officer 779992 Deputy/Vice Commander 28
19 Aircraft Launch and Recovery Specialists
MOC MOC Title Personnel7004 C-13 Catapult Operator 2797005 MK-7 Arresting Gear Operator 2397006 Aircraft Launch and Recovery Equipment Maintenance
Technician151
7609 Support Equipment Maintenance Manager 293
20 Health, Education and Welfare Workers
MOC MOC Title Personnel0002 Medical Department Staff Officer 2150005 Director, Health Service or Program 630020 Health Services Department Head 2520026 Health Services Branch Clinic Director 720028 Health Services Division Officer 3040030 Health Science Research Officer 620031 Plans, Operations and Medical Intelligence 860049 Health Services Quality Assurance Coordinator 40
Navy Occupations by Occupational Cluster 109
0055 Commanding Officer, Fleet Marine Force Company 220109 Emergency Medical Specialist 710800 Health Care Administrator 2240801 Administrative Officer, Dental Service 100808 Patient Administrator 630812 Small Arms Marksmanship Instructor 7550820 Operations Management Officer, Medical Facility 380822 Medical Facilities Liaison Officer 160851 Clinical Psychologist 850852 Aerospace Experimental Psychologist 230854 Research Psychologist 110868 Social Worker 280871 Audiologist 210876 Dietitian 230887 Pharmacist 1232505 General Attorney 2832510 Administrative Law Attorney 192515 Admiralty Attorney 52517 Appellate Military Judge 22518 Appellate Counsel 252520 Claims Attorney 232525 Acquisition/Procurement Attorney 22529 International Law Attorney 392530 Legislative Counsel 152535 Legal Assistance Attorney 242554 Military Judge, General Courts-Martial 142556 Military Judge, Special Courts-Martial 12557 Trial Counsel 762558 Defense Counsel 782591 Legal Officer 672592 Military Justice Management Officer 113215 Education/Training Planning and Program Officer (General) 33215 Education/Training Planning and Program Officer (General) 1873217 Training Planning and Program Officer (Aviation, Flight) 1053219 Training Planning and Program Officer (Aviation, Ground) 43219 Training Planning and Program Officer (Aviation, Ground) 253220 Leadership/Management Training Program Officer 453230 Educational Services Officer 183236 Ground School Instructor 13236 Ground School Instructor 313240 Officer Candidate Company Officer 473242 Indoctrination Training Officer 53242 Indoctrination Training Officer 333245 Instructor, General 33245 Instructor, General 573250 Instructor, Technical 183250 Instructor, Technical 4113251 Instructor, Academic 4
110 Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
3251 Instructor, Academic 1343254 Instructor, Academic (Social Science) 363255 Instructor, Academic (Physical Science) 413260 Instructor, Engineering 23260 Instructor, Engineering 933262 Instructor Training Officer 33265 Advanced Command and Staff School Instructor 953270 Instructor, Naval Science 73270 Instructor, Naval Science 2633274 Physical Training Officer 163277 Professor of Naval Science 343283 School Administrator 173283 School Administrator 2363290 Training Officer 393290 Training Officer 2113298 Training Publications and Curriculum Officer 13298 Training Publications and Curriculum Officer 113350 Counseling and Assistance Center Director 83525 Family Services Center Director 73701 Chaplain 6403740 Supervisory Chaplain 1923745 Force Chaplain 113750 Claimant Chaplain 165348 Marine Mammal Systems Operator 47352 Senior Naval Parachutist 1148591 Naval Flight Officer Instructor, Training Planes 678592 Flight Instructor, Training Planes 4748593 Flight Instructor—Pilot, Fleet Operational Aircraft 2278594 Flight Instructor—NFO, Fleet Operational Aircraft 1318696 Naval Air Training and Operating Procedures
Standardization Officer128
9192 Basic Thai Linguist 89193 Basic Indonesian Linguist 39194 Basic Cambodian Linguist 39195 Basic Burmese Linguist 19197 Basic Serbo-Croatian Linguist 369201 Basic Russian Linguist 2439202 Basic Tagalog Linguist 159203 Basic Spanish Linguist 1979204 Basic French Linguist 199207 Basic German Linguist 19209 Basic Persian (Farsi) Linguist 499211 Basic Chinese (Mandarin) Linguist 989212 Basic Korean Linguist 329213 Basic North Vietnamese Linguist 139215 Basic Hebrew Linguist 259216 Basic Arabic Linguist 1179311 Basic Georgian Linguist 3
Navy Occupations by Occupational Cluster 111
9312 Basic Kurdish Linguist 29313 Basic Portuguese Linguist 109314 Basic Romanian Linguist 49315 Basic Ukrainian Linguist 59502 Instructor 2,2819504 Aviation Water Survival Instructor 219505 Survival, Evasion, Resistance and Escape (SERE) Instructor 839508 Recruit/Assistant Recruit Company Commander/Recruit
Instructor453
9515 Equal Opportunity Program Specialist 499516 Correctional Counselor 1019518 Naval Leadership Development Program (NAVLEAD)
Instructor104
9519 Navy Drug and Alcohol Counselor 699520 Consecutive Foreign Language Translator 19522 Navy Drug and Alcohol Counselor Intern 65
21 Intelligence Specialists
MOC MOC Title Personnel0416 Acoustic Intelligence Specialist 540417 ASW Specialist 1820450 Journeyman Level Acoustic Analyst 582240 Language Officer 43901 Satellite Sensor Interpreter 793905 Independent Surface Warfare Operational Intelligence
9147 Intermediate Signals Analyst 1679149 Advanced Signals Analyst 149158 CLASSIC WIZARD Analyst 699160 CLASSIC WIZARD EDP Tuner 29166 Direction Finding Outstation Operator 819169 Morse Code Intercept Operator 4709530 Cryptoboard Officer 39600 Intelligence Officer, Basic 399616 Intelligence Support Officer 229617 Intelligence Investigations Officer 29620 Geographic Area Intelligence Officer 39620 Geographic Area Intelligence Officer 389640 Operational Intelligence Officer (General) 49640 Operational Intelligence Officer (General) 4259650 Electronic Intelligence Officer 19650 Electronic Intelligence Officer 229651 Automatic Data Processing Intelligence Officer 119660 Scientific and Technical Intelligence Officer 39660 Scientific and Technical Intelligence Officer 239670 Operational Intelligence Officer (Management) 1499680 Operational Intelligence Officer (Analyst) 59680 Operational Intelligence Officer (Analyst) 2879682 Tactical Intelligence Officer 929683 Photographic Intelligence Officer 59683 Photographic Intelligence Officer 549684 Multisensor Intelligence Officer 509686 Antisubmarine Warfare Intelligence Officer 379810 Head of Naval Security Group Department 119815 Operations Officer, Naval Security Group 39815 Operations Officer, Naval Security Group 899817 Operations Watch Officer, Naval Security Group 199825 Information Processing and Reporting Officer, Naval
Security Group2
9825 Information Processing and Reporting Officer, NavalSecurity Group
16
9835 High Frequency Direction Finding Analysis Officer 59835 High Frequency Direction Finding Analysis Officer 169840 Electronics Intelligence Technical Guidance Unit Officer 39840 Electronics Intelligence Technical Guidance Unit Officer 39845 CLASSIC WIZARD Operations Officer 49845 CLASSIC WIZARD Operations Officer 149850 Direct Support Coordinator, Naval Security Group 1
Navy Occupations by Occupational Cluster 113
9850 Direct Support Coordinator, Naval Security Group 469851 Direct Support Officer, Naval Security Group (Surface) 349851 Direct Support Officer, Naval Security Group (Surface) 1249852 Direct Support Officer, Naval Security Group (Air) 39852 Direct Support Officer, Naval Security Group (Air) 129853 Direct Support Officer, Naval Security Group (Subsurface) 19853 Direct Support Officer, Naval Security Group (Subsurface) 359860 Naval Security Group Special Operations Officer 59860 Naval Security Group Special Operations Officer 289865 Naval Security Group CLASSIC OWL Special Operations
Officer20
22 Law Enforcement Specialists
MOC MOC Title Personnel2002 Military Investigator 1772005 Dog Handler 2422008 Afloat Corrections Specialist 3699545 Navy Law Enforcement Specialist 2,8109571 Safety Technician 1649573 SNAP II Ship System Coordinator 489575 Correctional Custody Specialist Ashore 672
24 Life Scientists
MOC MOC Title Personnel0840 Biochemist 240841 Microbiologist 400848 Physiologist 110849 Aerospace Physiologist 48
25 Machinists, Technicians, and Cargo Specialists
MOC MOC Title Personnel3351 Submarine Nuclear Propulsion Plant Emergency Welder 73353 Submarine Nuclear Propulsion Plant Operator—Reactor
3601 Lithographic Equipment Repairman 424252 Electrolytic Oxygen Generator (Model 6L16) Operator 214283 High and Low Pressure Cryogenic Technician 4024382 FFG-7 Class Auxiliaries Mechanical System Technician 2384398 DD-963 Auxiliary Systems Technician 2574402 Advanced Machinery Repairman 1494403 Heat Treatment of Metals Machinist 1534404 Computer Numerically Controlled Machinist 1134502 Boiler Repair Technician 1454503 Main Propulsion Steam Generating Plant Inspector 604505 Steam Propulsion Maintenance Supervisor 3564954 General Maintenance 1,3954955 Nonnuclear Welder 8684956 Nuclear Power Plant Components Welder 3586105 Advanced Utilitiesman 1307022 Aviation Gasoline Handler 5787222 Aeronautical Welder 1317601 Support Equipment Cryogenic Mechanic 778463 Optician 2708752 Dental Laboratory Technician, Basic 1748753 Dental Laboratory Technician, Advanced 1118765 Dental Laboratory Technician, Maxillofacial 69559 Engineering Bulk Fuel Systems (Shore) Technician 299570 Stevedore 629581 Rubber and Plastics Worker 12
26 Medical Service and Medical Care Technicians
MOC MOC Title Personnel0113 Physician’s Assistant 2052006 Kennel Master 538401 Search and Rescue Medical Technician 928402 Submarine Force Independent Duty Corpsman 2738403 Fleet Marine Force Reconnaissance Independent Duty
Corpsman26
8404 Field Medical Service Technician 7,744
Navy Occupations by Occupational Cluster 115
8406 Aerospace Medical Technician 3998407 Radiation Health Technician 1088408 Cardiovascular Technician 1138409 Aerospace Physiology Technician 1358416 Nuclear Medicine Technician 798425 Surface Force Independent Duty Corpsman 9548427 Fleet Marine Force Reconnaissance Corpsman 638434 Hemodialysis/Apheresis Technician 318445 Ocular Technician 1008446 Otolaryngology Technician 1068451 Basic X-Ray Technician 2888452 Advanced X-Ray Technician 7308454 Electroneurodiagnostic Technician 308483 Surgical Technologist 8718485 Psychiatry Technician 2868486 Urology Technician 698489 Orthopedic Cast Room Technician 1068491 Special Operations Independent Duty Corpsman 1038492 Special Operations Technician 2448493 Medical Deep Sea Diving Technician 1078494 Deep Sea Diving Independent Duty Corpsman 678495 Dermatology Technician 628503 Histopathology Technician 308505 Cytotechnologist 508506 Medical Laboratory Technician, Advanced 1,3888541 Respiratory Therapy Technician 131
27 Musicians and Media Directors
MOC MOC Title Personnel2445 Radio-Television Program Officer 43520 Music Director 183801 Flute/Piccolo Instrumentalist 263802 Oboe Instrumentalist 63803 Clarinet Instrumentalist 613804 Bassoon Instrumentalist 83805 Saxophone Instrumentalist 543806 Trumpet/Cornet Instrumentalist 963807 French Horn Instrumentalist 253808 Baritone/Euphonium Instrumentalist 143809 Trombone Instrumentalist 753811 Tuba Instrumentalist 253812 Guitar/Auxiliary Percussionist 243813 Percussion Instrumentalist 563814 Piano/Auxiliary Percussionist 273815 Electric Bass/String Bass Instrumentalist 243825 Vocalist/Auxiliary Percussionist 293851 Assistant Director 498804 Motion Picture and Television Project Officer 1
116 Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
8815 Image Forming Systems Maintenance Officer 28815 Image Forming Systems Maintenance Officer 128853 Photographic Officer 48853 Photographic Officer 22
28 Non-Destructive Testers
MOC MOC Title Personnel4935 NDT Radiographic Inspector (Nuclear) 104942 VT MT and PT NDT Inspector 984943 VT MT PT and RT NDT Inspector 1064944 VT MT PT and UT Inspector 1904946 Nonnuclear NDT Examiner 194947 Nuclear NDT Examiner 327225 Aircraft Maintenance Nondestructive Inspector (NDI) 257
29 Ordnance Specialists
MOC MOC Title Personnel0749 MK-48 Heavyweight Torpedo Test Equipment Maintenance
0801 IMA Ordnance Journeyman 51026 Warhead Maintenance Specialist 171202 CAPTOR MK-60 MOD 0 Weapons System Technician 306803 P-3 Armament/Ordnance IMA Technician 88
30 Nurses and Physical Therapists
MOC MOC Title Personnel0873 Physical Therapist 710874 Occupational Therapist 160904 Critical Care Nurse 3020925 Clinical Specialist, Nursing 220932 Perioperative Nurse 2230935 Ambulatory Care Nurse 4990944 Staff Nurse 110944 Staff Nurse 1,0650952 Nurse Anesthetist 1270963 Primary Care Nurse Practitioner 1078466 Physical Therapy Technician 2338467 Occupational Therapy Assistant 20
Navy Occupations by Occupational Cluster 117
32 Photographic and Audiovisual Specialists
MOC MOC Title Personnel8126 Photographic Quality Controlman 378143 Motion Media Cameraman 388144 Motion Media Director/Editor 288147 Photojournalism Specialist 518148 Photojournalist 268472 Biomedical Photography Technician 40
33 Physicians, Surgeons, Optometrists
MOC MOC Title Personnel0101 Internist 2420102 General Practice Medical Officer 4260104 Intern 1010105 Pediatrician 1590106 Health Services Resident 3810107 Undersea Medical Officer 1080108 Family Practitioner 2870110 Flight Surgeon 3270111 Dermatologist 400115 Psychiatrist 840118 Anesthesiologist 1260121 Neurologist 280131 Radiologist (Diagnostic) 820135 Radiologist (Therapeutic) 90140 Nuclear Medicine Specialist 70150 Pathologist 660160 Preventive Medicine Officer 110163 Preventive Medicine Officer (Aerospace) 360166 Preventive Medicine Officer (Occupational) 260214 General Surgeon 1410224 Neurosurgeon 120229 Obstetrician-Gynecologist 1070234 Ophthalmologist 590244 Orthopedic Surgeon 940249 Otolaryngologist 440254 Plastic Surgeon 70259 Colorectal Surgeon 80264 Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgeon 40269 Urologist 330880 Optometrist 1090892 Podiatrist 22
34 Pilots and Ship/Submarine Operators
MOC MOC Title Personnel0160 Causeway Barge Ferry Pilot 1070161 Tugmaster 203
118 Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
0167 LCAC Operator 1090169 Causeway Barge Ferry Coxswain 590215 Harbor/Docking Pilot 180343 AN/SYQ-13 NAV.C2 Operator 177285 Staff Machinery Material Officer 77998 Combat Systems Superintendent 17998 Combat Systems Superintendent 238501 Aviator 2,6568543 Instrument Flight Instructor-Pilot 28588 Test Pilot 678614 Catapult and Arresting Gear Officer 68614 Catapult and Arresting Gear Officer 809005 Commander, Operating Forces Command 769006 Commander, Operating Forces (Selected) 479009 Area Commander 99015 Chief of Staff 989016 Chief Staff Officer 1279018 Convoy Commodore 39019 Convoy Commodore Staff Officer 29021 Flag Lieutenant 829025 Advisor to Command in Combat 59038 Staff Special Projects Operations Officer 79040 Staff Antisubmarine Officer 199042 Staff Combat Information Center Officer 259044 Staff Naval Control of Shipping Officer 19045 Staff Operations Command Center Watch Officer 19045 Staff Operations Command Center Watch Officer 1039063 Staff Material Officer 79063 Staff Material Officer 2129084 Staff Submarine Warfare Officer 409206 Antisubmarine Weapons Officer 2259209 Offshore Control and Surveillance System Officer 69212 Boat Group Officer 39212 Boat Group Officer 539214 Air Intercept Controller Supervisor 29216 Combat Information Center Officer 19216 Combat Information Center Officer 1149217 Naval Tactical Data System—Combat Information Center
Officer12
9217 Naval Tactical Data System—Combat Information CenterOfficer
341
9222 Commanding Officer, Afloat 149225 Naval Tactical Data System—Combat Information Center
9225 Naval Tactical Data System—Combat Information CenterWatch Officer, Carrier Controlled Approach Controller
26
9227 Naval Tactical Data System—Combat Information CenterWatch Officer, General
25
Navy Occupations by Occupational Cluster 119
9228 Executive Officer, Afloat 5199233 Commanding Officer, Afloat (Lieutenant) 219234 Commanding Officer, Afloat (Lieutenant Commander) 529235 Commanding Officer, Afloat (Commander) 2739236 Commanding Officer, Afloat (Captain) 1439237 Fire Control Officer (General) 689242 First Lieutenant, Afloat 49242 First Lieutenant, Afloat 5419246 Strike Warfare/Missile Systems Officer (General) 1099252 Division Officer, Weapons Department (Gunnery) 39252 Division Officer, Weapons Department (Gunnery) 1779253 Division Officer, Weapons Department (Antisubmarine
Weapons)10
9254 Division Officer, Weapons Department (Guided Missiles) 19254 Division Officer, Weapons Department (Guided Missiles) 19255 Surface Ship Watch/Division Officer (Basic) 159258 Weapons Officer (General) 29258 Weapons Officer (General) 1179259 Weapons Officer (Fleet Ballistic Missiles) 769261 Combat Systems Officer 59261 Combat Systems Officer 3129266 Military Department Officer 339268 Minesweeping Officer 39273 Officer in Charge, Afloat 169274 Operations Officer, Afloat (General) 3549275 Operations Officer, Afloat (Naval Tactical Data Systems) 1649278 Ship’s Boatswain 249278 Ship’s Boatswain 689279 Officer in Charge, Combat Craft 109282 Ship’s Electronic Warfare Officer 509283 Ship’s Electronic Material Officer 809283 Ship’s Electronic Material Officer 1999284 Ship’s Navigator (General) 3239286 Ship’s Secretary 49286 Ship’s Secretary 139290 Commanding Officer, Special Warfare Team 179313 Diving Officer (Deep Sea, HEO2) 89313 Diving Officer (Deep Sea, HEO2) 99533 Special Warfare Combatant Crewmember (SWCC) 569534 SEAL Delivery Vehicle (SDV) Team Technician 189579 Chief of the Boat (All Submarines) 7
35 Postal Directors
MOC MOC Title Personnel2617 Postal Officer 49082 Flag Secretary 78
120 Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
36 Precision Equipment Repairers
MOC MOC Title Personnel0402 FFG-7 Class Sonar Subsystem Level II Technician 550404 AN/SQQ-28(V) Sonar Subsystem Level II Technician 150405 Sonar Auxiliary Maintenance and Operations Repairman 380406 AN/SQQ-89(V)2 Sonar Subsystem Level I Technician
1196 Underwater Fire Control System MK-113 MOD 9 Technician 671204 Submarine Launched Mobile Mine Technician 511205 Underwater Mine Test Set Maintenance Technician 671312 CCS MK-2 MOD 0 Maintenance Technician 611313 CCS MK-2 MOD 1 Maintenance Technician 21315 CCS MK-2 MOD 3 Maintenance Technician 481320 TRIDENT MK-118 Combat Control System Maintenance
Technician122
1321 Combat Systems Senior Enlisted 2291322 AEGIS Display Technician 381327 Fire Control Technician Basic Maintainer 671401 IMA Antenna/Mast Shop Journeyman 51412 Special Fixed Communications Maintenance Technician 811413 Meteorologist Equipment Maintenance Technician 1311415 Combined Shore Communications Maintenance
Technician102
1416 SNAP II (AN/UYK-62(V)) Maintenance Technician 961419 Electromagnetic Compatibility Technician 1201420 Surface HF Communications System Maintenance
1458 VERDIN/ISABPS Communications Systems Technician 531460 Communications Security (COMSEC) Maintenance
Technician717
1461 Special Maintenance (FCS-78/79 SHF Satellite Terminal)Technician
48
1464 WSC-28(V) Satellite Communications Set Technician 221465 AN/GSC-52(V) State-of-the-Art Medium Terminal (SAMT)
Technician75
1468 Special Maintenance (SHF SATCOM System) Technician 541471 URN-25 Tactical Air Navigation Technician 961473 Tactical Air Navigation (URN-20) Technician 151479 Ships Navigation and Aircraft Inertial Alignment System
(CVNS/SNAIS) Technician66
1480 AN/FAC-6(V) Intersite System Maintenance Technician 181486 Single Audio System (SAS) 1121491 FFG-7 Class Navigation Electronics Subsystem Technician 451493 Tactical Support Communications (TSCOMM) Replacement
Program Maintenance Technician14
1494 LHD Class Radio Communications System MaintenanceTechnician
14HB SSN 637 Class ESM Technician 214IC Former IC (SS) 61714NM Navigation Equipment Maintenance Technician 814QM Former QM(SS) 60814RD SSN 637 Class Navigation Technician 2114RM Former RM (SS) 85314SF SSN 594/688 Class Navigation Technician 2614TG SSN 637/688 Class Navigation Technician 15414ZA AN/BRD-7 Submarine Radio Direction Finding (RDF) Set
1657 CV-ASWM Fast Time Analyzer Subsystem Upgrade (FTAS-U) Systems Technician
38
1658 LHD 1 Class ITAWDS Computer/Peripheral SubsystemMaintenance Technician
34
1664 SNAP I Computer System Maintenance Technician 651671 CG-26/CGN-9/CGN-38/DDG20/FFG-7/LHA-1 Class
Computer/Peripheral Technician62
1672 DD-963 Class Computer/Peripheral Technician 811673 LHA Class Computer and Associated Subsystem Technician 61674 LHA Integrated Tactical Amphibious Warfare Data System
(ITAWDS) Maintenance Technician5
1676 TOMAHAWK Command and Control System MaintenanceTechnician
23TA TRIDENT Radioman Exterior Communications Subsystems(ECS) Operations and Maintenance Technician
1
23TM TRIDENT ECS Maintenance Technician 13305 Missile Technician (MK-88 MOD 2 Fire Control System with
TRIDENT I Backfit SSBN or MK-98 MOD 0 Fire ControlSystem with TRIDENT I SSBN)
33
3307 Missile Technician (MK-98 MOD 1 Fire Control System withTRIDENT II D-5 SWS)
6
3310 Missile Technician (TRIDENT I (C-4) SWS) 4903311 Missile Technician (TRIDENT II (D-5) SWS) 6183317 Missile Technician (TRIDENT I SSBN) 233319 Missile and Missile Checkout Technician (TRIDENT D-5
SWS SSBN)14
3323 Central Navigation Computer (CNC) Technician (CNC CP-890B on TRIDENT SSBN)
51
3324 Ships Inertial Navigation System (SINS) Technician (SINSMK-2 MOD 3, 4, 6, 7)
69
3327 Navigation Aids (NAVAIDS) Technician (TRIDENTNavigation Subsystem)
49
3328 Navigation Electronics Technician 3293349 Fleet Ballistic Missile Weapons and Navigation System
Technician - Special Category1
3397 In-Tube Conversion Technician 27
126 Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
4513 Automatic Combustion Control (General Regulator)Maintenanceman
198
4533 Automatic Combustion Control Console Operator (GeneralRegulator)
225
4703 FFG-7 Class Interior Communications SubsystemTechnician
59
4711 Interior Voice Communications System MaintenanceTechnician
15
4712 Integrated Voice Communications Technician 484716 Ship’s Service Telephone System (Dimension 2000) PBX
Repairman175
4718 IC Journeyman 544720 Gyrocompass Maintenance 504721 MK-19 Gyrocompass Systems Maintenance Technician 1114723 MK-23 Gyrocompass Systems Maintenance Technician 1704727 WSN-2 Stabilized Gyrocompass Technician 744728 WSN-5 Inertial Navigation Set Technician 1834737 TRIDENT Submarine Ship Control and Atmosphere Support
Master Operation and Maintenance Technician (Level III)3
4738 AN/USQ-82(V) Data Multiplex System Technician 404745 Optical Landing System Technician 844746 Closed Circuit TV Technician 1874747 Broadcast Engineering Technician 824749 Physical Security Equipment Maintenance Technician 685642 Central Office Exchange Technician 225644 Cable Splicing Technician 396522 AKT-22 Data Link IMA Technician 126526 Aviation ASW (MAD) IMA Technician 366527 Aviation ASW (Airborne Sonar) IMA Technician 476529 ASW Sonobuoy Receivers and Recorder Group IMA
Technician47
6534 AQA-7 DIFAR System IMA Technician 356556 S-3B Computer System Specialist 146582 P-3A/B Weapons System OMA Technician 446605 Aircraft Radar Altimeter Equipment IMA Technician 846606 Aircraft Doppler Radar Navigation IMA Technician 276607 Digital Data Link Communications IMA Technician 826608 Aircraft Navigation Computers IMA Technician 366609 Aircraft Electronic Identification (IFF) IMA Technician 896611 Aircraft UHF Communications, Automatic Direction Finder
(ADF) and Intercommunications Systems (ICS)Equipment IMA Technician
6613 Aircraft HF Communications Equipment IMA Technician 286614 APS-116 IMA Technician 426615 P-3 FLIR IMA Technician 376618 USM-458 IMA Technician 90
Navy Occupations by Occupational Cluster 127
6619 HATS (USM-403) IMA Operator 346621 APS-125 Radar IMA Technician 406622 Electronic Countermeasures (ECM) Technician/Weapons
Replaceable Assembly (WRA) IMA Technician29
6628 HATS (USM-403) IMA Maintenance Technician 256631 AN/USM-629 Electro-Optic Test Set (EOTS)
Operator/Maintainer, IMA64
6633 USM-467 RADCOM IMA Technician 1716635 EP-3E/ES-3A ESM IMA Technician 766639 Countermeasures Receiving and Dispensing Equipment
IMA Technician29
6640 EP-3E/ES-3A ESM OMA Technician 1256641 ALQ-126 ECM IMA Technician 136647 ALQ-99 Transmitter Test Station IMA Technician 526648 ALQ-99 Exciter IMA Technician 406649 ECM/Simulator IMA Technician 176650 AN/USM-470(V)1 Automatic Test System (ATS) Advanced
IMA Technician24
6653 VAST (USM-247(V)) On-Line Maintenance IMA Technician 526658 AN/USM-470(V)1 Automatic Test System (ATS) On-Line
Maintenance Technician90
6659 AN/USM-247 Versatile Avionic Shop Test (VAST) AdvancedIMA Operator
89
6660 Dynamic Alignment Test Set IMA Technician 66663 VAST (USM-247(V)) Off-Line Maintenance/Calibration 296664 APS-115 Search Radar IMA Technician 646668 EA-6B ECM OMA System Analyst 1506669 EA-6A ECM/ESM Organizational Maintenance Technician 26673 Field Calibration Activity Technician (Electrical/Electronic) 2986680 ICAP Computer Group/ICAP II Digital Interface Unit IMA
Technician23
6684 AAM-60(V)6 Electro-Optical System Test Set IMATechnician
17
6686 USM-429 CAT IIID Maintenance Technician 1756688 USM-484 Hybrid Test Set (HTS) IMA Technician 1456689 USM-484 HTS Advanced IMA Technician 386694 USM-470(V)2 Automatic Test System On-Line Maintenance
Technician33
6695 USM-470(V)2 ATS Advanced IMA Technician 126701 Advanced Avionics Integrated Weapons System
Maintenance Technician332
6702 E-6A Mission Avionics System IMA Technician 66704 Consolidated Automated Support System (CASS) Test
Station IMA Operator/Maintainer348
6705 Consolidated Automated Support System (CASS) TestStation IMA Calibration/Advanced MaintenanceTechnician
78
6710 P-3 Navigation System Equipment Technician 24
128 Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
6713 Video Test Set (VTS) AN/SSM-9 Test Set Operator 276714 Enhanced Comprehensive Asset Management System
(ECAMS) Maintainer15
6715 FLIR Systems IMA Technician 86716 P-3 Model Aircraft - AN/USM-449(V) Test Set Operator 236717 P-3 Peculiar Communications Equipment IMA Technician 466718 Electronics Standards Specialist 1206719 Update III ASUW Improvement Program (AIP) OMA
Weapons Systems Technician17
6721 AN/USM-449(V), Series, ATE IMA Technician 576801 Air Launched Weapons Technician 5196802 Strike Intermediate Armament Maintenanceman 6616810 Armament Weapons Support Equipment (AWSE)
Maintenance Manager89
7835 Tactical Support Center (TSC) Systems Operator 477836 CV/CVN ASWMOD/TSC Watch Supervisor 467953 APQ-148/156 and APS-130 Radar, AAS-33 FLIR and APM-
375 MSRTC IMA Technician17
7955 Radar Systems Module Repair Intermediate MaintenanceTechnician
19
7958 A-6E TRAM Weapon System Organizational MaintenanceTechnician
90
7959 FLIR Systems Intermediate Maintenance Technician 227964 AVA-1 Analog Display Indicator and Test Console IMA
Technician19
7970 F-14D OMA Integrated Weapons Technician 37971 F-14A/B OMA Integrated Weapons Technician 107978 Radar Set Test Station IMA Technician 1337984 AWG-9/AWM-23 Radio Frequency Test Console IMA
Technician51
7988 AWG-9/AWM-23 Low Frequency Test Station IMATechnician
36
7989 AWG-9/AWM-23 Computer Test Station IMA Technician 327991 AWG-9/AWM-23 Controls and Displays Test Station IMA
Technician41
7992 AWG-9/AWM-23 Module Test Station IMA Technician 338478 Advanced Biomedical Equipment Technician 2358479 Basic Biomedical Equipment Systems Technician 878732 Dental Equipment Repair Technician 1009226 CLASSIC OWL Maintenance Technician 319228 COMSAT Systems Maintenance Technician 519238 Submarine Carry-on Equipment Maintenance Technician 1029244 WOLFERS/ROCKETEER System Maintenance Technician 149245 NEWSDEALER System Maintenance Technician 379249 OUTBOARD II System Maintenance Technician 909251 Wideband Acquisitions and Analysis (WBAA) Hardware
Maintenance Technician43
Navy Occupations by Occupational Cluster 129
9252 High Frequency Direction Finding (HFDF) HardwareMaintenance Technician
59
9256 Radio Frequency Distribution (RFD) MaintenanceTechnician
26
9257 WOLFERS/ROCKETEER and Chainwork PTTI MaintenanceTechnician
1
9258 Outstation Communication (FLAGHOIST) SystemMaintenance Technician
38
9259 VAX Fundamentals Maintenance Technician 459267 MUSIC System Maintenance Technician 109283 Mobile Electronics Maintenance Technician (WLQ-4) 189285 HPW Fundamentals Technician 539286 Chainwork PTTI System Maintenance Technician 129289 Combat Direction Finding System (SRS-1) Maintenance
Technician34
9295 Network Systems Maintenance Technician 219296 Communications Electronics Equipment Installer 419297 CLASSIC WIZARD System Maintenance Technician 929402 P-3C Update III ASUW Improvement Program (AIP) In-
MOC MOC Title Personnel2186 Career Recruiter 8163015 Mobilization and Selection Officer 13015 Mobilization and Selection Officer 33020 Procurement and Recruiting Officer 63020 Procurement and Recruiting Officer 2473035 Induction and Enlistment Officer 179585 Navy Recruiter Canvasser 1,9459586 Navy Recruiting District (NRD) Recruiter/Classifier 209588 Career Information Program Advisor 517
132 Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
41 Scientists and Engineers
MOC MOC Title Personnel0845 Radiation Health Officer 520847 Radiation Specialist 300860 Entomologist 260861 Environmental Health Officer 910862 Industrial Hygiene Officer 1180866 Medical Technologist 812050 Mathematics Research Officer 62060 Physical Sciences Research Officer 12070 Physicist, General 32071 Physicist, Nuclear 22085 Statistical Data Analyst 52098 Space Projects Technologist 192105 Air Warfare Research Officer 72145 Armament Research Officer 12155 Naval Sciences Research Coordinator/Administrator 292160 Designated Project Manager 222161 Major Project Manager (Selected) 642162 Deputy Designated Project Manager 292165 Designated Project Systems Integration Coordinator 342166 Designated Project Engineering Coordinator 72167 Designated Project Test and Evaluation Coordinator 142168 Designated Project Integrated Logistics System Coordinator 122170 Designated Project Support Officer 62170 Designated Project Support Officer 1912175 Undersea Warfare Research Officer (General) 92176 Undersea Warfare Research Officer (Antisubmarine) 62180 Preoperational Test and Evaluation Officer 82181 Operational Test and Evaluation Officer 1332190 Liaison Officer, Naval Research and Development 172192 Space Acquisition Officer 162306 Oceanography Services Officer 1612310 Hydrography Program Officer 142323 Oceanography Watch Officer 502365 Staff Oceanography Officer 552740 Safety Engineer 22740 Safety Engineer 224205 Facilities Engineering Officer 764210 Staff Civil Engineer 34210 Staff Civil Engineer 1564215 Facilities Planning and Programming Officer 644220 Facilities Design Officer 104225 Facilities Research Officer 14230 Facilities Construction/Facilities Services Officer 14230 Facilities Construction/Facilities Services Officer 3434240 Petroleum Production Engineering Officer 24250 Public Works Officer 158
Navy Occupations by Occupational Cluster 133
4255 Public Works Operations Officer 384260 Public Works Maintenance Officer 254270 Public Works Utilities Officer 54275 Public Works Planning Officer 14275 Public Works Planning Officer 264305 Commanding Officer, Naval Construction Forces 134310 Executive Officer, Naval Construction Forces 164315 Operations Officer, Naval Construction Forces 14315 Operations Officer, Naval Construction Forces 724330 Company Officer, Naval Construction Forces 114330 Company Officer, Naval Construction Forces 1194340 Officer in Charge, Naval Construction Battalion Unit 64340 Officer in Charge, Naval Construction Battalion Unit 165904 Electronics Engineering Officer 15904 Electronics Engineering Officer 145913 Electronic Engineering Plans and Policies Director 135917 Electronic Equipment Research Officer 585925 Electronics Installation and Maintenance Planning Officer
(General)4
5925 Electronics Installation and Maintenance Planning Officer(General)
11
5927 Electronics Installation and Maintenance Planning Officer(Aviation)
1
5930 Space Requirements Analyst 235960 Electronic Inspection and Survey Officer 35961 Aircraft Electronics Director 75965 Electronics Logistics Officer 25970 Electronic Equipment Military Characteristics Officer 35977 Electronic Equipment Installation, Maintenance, and Repair
Officer21
5977 Electronic Equipment Installation, Maintenance, and RepairOfficer
79
5980 Electronics Research Administrator 15996 Staff Electronic Material Officer 35996 Staff Electronic Material Officer 296275 Guided Missile Test Officer 126280 Guided Missile Type Project Officer (General) 146281 Guided Missile Type Project Officer (Air-Launched) 46282 Guided Missile Type Project Officer (Ship-Launched) 46716 Weapons Material Officer (Nuclear) 46930 Naval Weapons Technical Liaison Officer 36968 Weapons and Ammunition Production Officer 26968 Weapons and Ammunition Production Officer 77120 Naval Engineering Hull Development Officer 17140 Hull Inspection Officer 37165 Hull Superintendent 37165 Hull Superintendent 77187 Staff Hull Material Officer 1
134 Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
7241 Machinery Installation and Repair Superintendent 57241 Machinery Installation and Repair Superintendent 127245 Naval Engineering Machinery Development Officer 17249 Nuclear Systems and Components Repair Officer, Ship 17249 Nuclear Systems and Components Repair Officer, Ship 187251 Radiological Control Officer 47251 Radiological Control Officer 1517273 Nuclear Power Research Project Officer 147273 Nuclear Power Research Project Officer 1837420 Ship Type Planning and Estimating Superintendent 47420 Ship Type Planning and Estimating Superintendent 287435 Quality Assurance Superintendent 57435 Quality Assurance Superintendent 217445 Production Engineering Officer 27450 Shop Production Officer 17450 Shop Production Officer 57905 Ship Project Officer 17905 Ship Project Officer 487910 Engineering Liaison Officer 207927 Naval Engineering Inspection Officer 177930 Ship Electrical Repair Officer 37930 Ship Electrical Repair Officer 67931 Naval Engineering Logistics Officer 97936 Ship Construction and Repair Superintendent (General) 117937 Ship Construction and Repair Superintendent (Surface
Ships)3
7937 Ship Construction and Repair Superintendent (SurfaceShips)
18
7938 Ship Construction and Repair Superintendent (Submarines) 207939 Ship Construction and Repair Superintendent (Nuclear) 27939 Ship Construction and Repair Superintendent (Nuclear) 177959 Naval Engineering Research Project Officer 47966 Naval Engineering Trials and Survey Officer 47968 Nuclear Power Superintendent 57970 Yard Planning Officer 147974 Naval Engineering Officer, Ship Design 197976 Ship Repair Officer 297976 Ship Repair Officer 1037984 Ship Type Engineering Officer 17984 Ship Type Engineering Officer 127996 Supervisor of Shipbuilding, Conversion, and Repair 197997 Yard Production Officer 77999 Technical Assistant for Weapons 88002 Aerodynamics Engineering Officer 48004 Aeronautical Engineering Officer, A/C Mech, Electronic,
Electrical and Safety Equip1
8015 Aircraft Armament Development Officer 48018 Aircraft Production Officer 2
Navy Occupations by Occupational Cluster 135
8026 Aircraft Test Engineer 28026 Aircraft Test Engineer 148035 Aircraft/Guided Missile Engine Project Officer 18050 Launching, Recovery, and Landing Aids Engineering Officer 18050 Launching, Recovery, and Landing Aids Engineering Officer 108076 Type Aircraft Design and Development Officer 258583 Special Project Pilot 348585 Special Project Airborne Electronics Evaluator 178694 Aviation Model Manager 118950 Aviation Tactical Readiness Officer 478995 Staff Aviation Safety Officer 439085 Operations Analyst 1589086 Strategic Plans Officer 1389087 Staff Plans Officer 2179299 Special Weapons Assembly Officer (Nuclear) 39312 Diving Officer (General) 99312 Diving Officer (General) 179314 Diving Officer (Ship Salvage) 69314 Diving Officer (Ship Salvage) 99315 Diving Officer (Saturation) 29315 Diving Officer (Saturation) 49404 Tactical Deception Plans Officer 59442 Facilities Manager 49442 Facilities Manager 479450 Inshore Undersea Warfare Officer 49905 Atomic Energy Plans and Policies Officer 209920 Examiner, Reactor Safeguards 189967 Surface Safety Officer 3
42 Ship Engineers and Air Crew Members
MOC MOC Title Personnel0170 Surface Rescue Swimmer 9297815 Tactical Helicopter Search and Rescue Air Crew Swimmer 1029302 Auxiliary Machinery Officer 279302 Auxiliary Machinery Officer 3369305 Boiler Officer (General) 69305 Boiler Officer (General) 439306 Boiler Officer (1200 PSI Steam System) 19308 Damage Control Assistant 319308 Damage Control Assistant 3419322 Deep Submergence Vehicle Operator 79336 Main Propulsion Assistant (Diesel) 299337 Main Propulsion Assistant (Gas Turbine) 1919341 Main Propulsion Assistant (Steam) 139341 Main Propulsion Assistant (Steam) 709342 Main Propulsion Assistant (1200 PSI Steam System) 39343 Underway Replenishment Equipment Maintenance Officer 49343 Underway Replenishment Equipment Maintenance Officer 6
MOC MOC Title Personnel2153 Naval Observatory Officer 15503 Advanced Engineering Aide 819425 Survey and Inspection Officer (Non-Engineering) 1
Navy Occupations by Occupational Cluster 137
44 Transportation Specialists
MOC MOC Title Personnel2819 Personal Property Specialist 162821 Air Transportation Specialist 1239566 Naval Control of Shipping Staff Assistant 1
46 Weather Personnel
MOC MOC Title Personnel2332 Meteorological and Oceanographic Equipment Program
Officer3
7412 Analyst-Forecaster 490
139
Appendix H
AIR FORCE OCCUPATIONS BY OCCUPATIONALCLUSTER
1 Special Operations Forces
MOC MOC Title Personnel11S1A Special Operations Pilot 611S1B Special Operations Pilot 211S1G Special Operations Pilot 311S2A Special Operations Pilot 2111S2B Special Operations Pilot 411S2G Special Operations Pilot 711S3A Special Operations Pilot 13111S3B Special Operations Pilot 3311S3G Special Operations Pilot 7011S3V Special Operations Pilot 2211S4A Special Operations Pilot 311S4B Special Operations Pilot 211S4G Special Operations Pilot 111S4V Special Operations Pilot 13
2 Administrative, Personnel, and Supply Specialists
2G011 Logistics Plans 32G031 Logistics Plans 132G051 Logistics Plans 1042G071 Logistics Plans 3422G091 Logistics Plans 392S000 Supply Manager 1112S011 Supply Management 3902S031 Supply Management 2,4332S051 Supply Management 4,5462S071 Supply Management 5,3702S090 Supply Management 3742T000 Traffic Manager 162T011 Traffic Management 992T031 Traffic Management 4182T051 Traffic Management 7992T071 Traffic Management 6932T091 Traffic Management 372T200 Air Transportation Manager 222T211 Air Transportation 1842T231 Air Transportation 8652T251 Air Transportation 1,6822T271 Air Transportation 1,6442T291 Air Transportation 793A011 Information Management 3643A031 Information Management 2,0953A051 Information Management 3,7303A071 Information Management 5,7273A091 Information Management 3403S000 Personnel Manager 913S011 Personnel 2753S031 Personnel 1,3223S032 Personnel System Management (PSM) 23S051 Personnel 2,2503S052 Personnel System Management (PSM) 873S071 Personnel 3,1313S072 Personnel System Management (PSM) 2733S090 Personnel 1993S131 Equal Opportunity and Treatment 63S171 Equal Opportunity and Treatment 1523S191 Equal Opportunity and Treatment 173U000 Manpower and Quality Management Manager 193U031 Manpower and Quality Management 243U071 Manpower and Quality Management 4053U091 Manpower and Quality Management 544A000 Health Services Management Manager 234A011 Health Services Management 1114A031 Health Services Management 9264A051 Health Services Management 1,329
Air Force Occupations by Occupational Cluster 141
4A071 Health Services Management 1,2704A091 Health Services Management 524A100 Medical Materiel Manager 94A111 Medical Materiel 314A131 Medical Materiel 2434A151 Medical Materiel 4374A171 Medical Materiel 5174A191 Medical Materiel 215R000 Chaplain Service Support Manager 75R011 Chaplain Service Support 155R031 Chaplain Service Support 1035R051 Chaplain Service Support 1575R071 Chaplain Service Support 1645R091 Chaplain Service Support 96C000 Contracting Manager 116C011 Contracting 116C031 Contracting 956C051 Contracting 3526C071 Contracting 5136C091 Contracting 406F000 Financial Manager 256F011 Financial Management 2126F031 Financial Management 6556F051 Financial Management 1,2096F111 Financial Analysis 36F131 Financial Analysis 116F151 Financial Analysis 1016F171 Financial Analysis 3286F191 Financial Analysis 268F000 First Sergeant 7048M000 Postal 5128P000 Courier 379E000 Senior Enlisted Adviser 80
3 Aircraft, Automotive, and Electrical Maintanence Specialists
MOC MOC Title Personnel2A111 Avionic Sensors Maintenance 892A112 Avionics Guidance and Control Systems 332A131 Avionic Sensors Maintenance 1662A132 Avionics Guidance and Control Systems 582A151 Avionic Sensors Maintenance 3222A152 Avionics Guidance and Control Systems 1492A171 Avionic Sensors Maintenance 4082A172 Avionics Guidance and Control Systems 1882A313B Tactical Aircraft Maintenance 4062A313E Tactical Aircraft Maintenance 872A313H Tactical Aircraft Maintenance 232A333B Tactical Aircraft Maintenance 607
142 Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
2A333C Tactical Aircraft Maintenance 92A333H Tactical Aircraft Maintenance 1252A353B Tactical Aircraft Maintenance 1,4152A353J Tactical Aircraft Maintenance 5902A373B Tactical Aircraft Maintenance 1,8322A373J Tactical Aircraft Maintenance 1,2182A512A Helicopter Maintenance 222A512B Helicopter Maintenance 182A532A Helicopter Maintenance 972A532B Helicopter Maintenance 922A532C Helicopter Maintenance 222A552 Helicopter Maintenance 2672A571 Aerospace Maintenance 5,7152A572 Helicopter Maintenance 3512A600 Systems Manager 1462A611B Aerospace Propulsion 822A611C Aerospace Propulsion 1432A611D Aerospace Propulsion 1032A611E Aerospace Propulsion 922A612 Aerospace Ground Equipment 4202A613 Aircrew Egress Systems 242A614 Aircraft Fuel Systems 872A615 Aircraft Hydraulic Systems 752A616 Aircraft Electrical and Environmental Systems 2662A631B Aerospace Propulsion 2522A631C Aerospace Propulsion 3572A631D Aerospace Propulsion 1972A631E Aerospace Propulsion 1992A632 Aerospace Ground Equipment 7542A633 Aircrew Egress Systems 1092A634 Aircraft Fuel Systems 4082A635 Aircraft Hydraulic Systems 3662A636 Aircraft Electrical and Environmental Systems 5842A651A Aerospace Propulsion 1,4292A651B Aerospace Propulsion 4262A652 Aerospace Ground Equipment 1,7692A653 Aircrew Egress Systems 2612A654 Aircraft Fuel Systems 6952A655 Aircraft Hydraulic Systems 9952A656 Aircraft Electrical and Environmental Systems 1,4032A671A Aerospace Propulsion 2,3392A671B Aerospace Propulsion 4822A672 Aerospace Ground Equipment 2,1502A673 Aircrew Egress Systems 2802A674 Aircraft Fuel Systems 7612A675 Aircraft Hydraulic Systems 7652A676 Aircraft Electrical and Environmental Systems 1,6872A690 Aircraft Systems 240
Air Force Occupations by Occupational Cluster 143
2A691 Aerospace Propulsion 1812A692 Aerospace Ground Equipment 1352A713 Aircraft Structural Maintenance 1912A733 Aircraft Structural Maintenance 4602A753 Aircraft Structural Maintenance 9712A773 Aircraft Structural Maintenance 1,3222T300 Vehicle Maintenance Manager 242T311 Special Purpose Vehicle and Equipment Maintenance 882T312A Special Vehicle Maintenance 142T312B Special Vehicle Maintenance 182T331 Special Purpose Vehicle and Equipment Maintenance 2252T332A Special Vehicle Maintenance 552T332B Special Vehicle Maintenance 512T351 Special Purpose Vehicle and Equipment Maintenance 4732T352A Special Vehicle Maintenance 912T352B Special Vehicle Maintenance 942T370 Special Purpose Vehicle and Equipment Maintenance 1,1512T390 Vehicle Maintenance 543E011 Electrical Systems 2173E012 Electrical Power Production 313E031 Electrical Systems 5493E032 Electrical Power Production 3673E051 Electrical Systems 4973E052 Electrical Power Production 4233E071 Electrical Systems 6133E072 Electrical Power Production 5203E090 Electrical 653E111 Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration 2013E131 Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration 5763E151 Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration 6303E171 Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration 9023E191 Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration 47
4 Air Traffic Controllers
MOC MOC Title Personnel13B1B Air Battle Management 5013B1C Air Battle Management 1613B1J Air Battle Management 113B1K Air Battle Management 13813B3B Air Battle Management 47113B3C Air Battle Management 10913B3J Air Battle Management 613B3K Air Battle Management 1913B3L Air Battle Management 913B4B Air Battle Management 5513B4C Air Battle Management 2613B4K Air Battle Management 113D1 Combat Control 3
144 Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
13D3 Combat Control 2613D4 Combat Control 913M1 Air Traffic Control 5813M3 Air Traffic Control 19213M4 Air Traffic Control 441C100 Air Traffic Control Manager 261C111 Air Traffic Control 5911C131 Air Traffic Control 4871C151 Air Traffic Control 5661C171 Air Traffic Control 1,6071C191 Air Traffic Control 961C200 Combat Control Manager 11C211 Combat Control 731C231 Combat Control 411C251 Combat Control 1081C271 Combat Control 1771C291 Combat Control 14
12R3E Reconnaissance/Surveillance/Electronic Warfare Navigator 812R3G Reconnaissance/Surveillance/Electronic Warfare Navigator 2012R3H Reconnaissance/Surveillance/Electronic Warfare Navigator 21912R3J Reconnaissance/Surveillance/Electronic Warfare Navigator 9412R3K Reconnaissance/Surveillance/Electronic Warfare Navigator 712R3S Reconnaissance/Surveillance/Electronic Warfare Navigator 812R3T Reconnaissance/Surveillance/Electronic Warfare Navigator 912R3W Reconnaissance/Surveillance/Electronic Warfare Navigator 612R3Y Reconnaissance/Surveillance/Electronic Warfare Navigator 3612R3Z Reconnaissance/Surveillance/Electronic Warfare Navigator 312R4A Reconnaissance/Surveillance/Electronic Warfare Navigator 512R4B Reconnaissance/Surveillance/Electronic Warfare Navigator 512R4C Reconnaissance/Surveillance/Electronic Warfare Navigator 412R4D Reconnaissance/Surveillance/Electronic Warfare Navigator 112R4E Reconnaissance/Surveillance/Electronic Warfare Navigator 112R4G Reconnaissance/Surveillance/Electronic Warfare Navigator 112R4H Reconnaissance/Surveillance/Electronic Warfare Navigator 2012R4J Reconnaissance/Surveillance/Electronic Warfare Navigator 1812R4U Reconnaissance/Surveillance/Electronic Warfare Navigator 112R4W Reconnaissance/Surveillance/Electronic Warfare Navigator 2312R4Y Reconnaissance/Surveillance/Electronic Warfare Navigator 2712S1A Special Operations Navigator 212S1B Special Operations Navigator 112S1C Special Operations Navigator 112S1D Special Operations Navigator 412S1F Special Operations Navigator 112S1G Special Operations Navigator 712S1H Special Operations Navigator 112S1J Special Operations Navigator 112S1K Special Operations Navigator 212S1L Special Operations Navigator 112S1T Special Operations Navigator 112S1W Special Operations Navigator 112S1Y Special Operations Navigator 212S3A Special Operations Navigator 1612S3B Special Operations Navigator 2712S3C Special Operations Navigator 2412S3D Special Operations Navigator 1412S3E Special Operations Navigator 1412S3F Special Operations Navigator 1312S3G Special Operations Navigator 8312S3H Special Operations Navigator 1812S3J Special Operations Navigator 3012S3K Special Operations Navigator 4112S3L Special Operations Navigator 4212S3S Special Operations Navigator 212S3U Special Operations Navigator 112S3W Special Operations Navigator 9
148 Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
12S3Y Special Operations Navigator 4712S4A Special Operations Navigator 112S4B Special Operations Navigator 112S4C Special Operations Navigator 212S4G Special Operations Navigator 212S4H Special Operations Navigator 112S4J Special Operations Navigator 512S4L Special Operations Navigator 412S4W Special Operations Navigator 1212S4Y Special Operations Navigator 3212T1A Tanker Navigator 2612T1Y Tanker Navigator 112T3A Tanker Navigator 41812T3T Tanker Navigator 1612T3Y Tanker Navigator 3012T3Z Tanker Navigator 712T4A Tanker Navigator 3612T4Y Tanker Navigator 56
6 Communications Managers
MOC MOC Title Personnel13B1D Air Battle Management 1513B3D Air Battle Management 14413B4D Air Battle Management 183
7 Communications Operators
MOC MOC Title Personnel1A300 Airborne Communications Systems Manager 51A311 Airborne Communications Systems 311A331 Airborne Communications Systems 2001A351 Airborne Communications Systems 1771A371 Airborne Communications Systems 3241A391 Airborne Communications Systems 141A400 Airborne Warning Command and Control Systems Manager 91A411 Airborne Battle Management Systems 441A431 Airborne Battle Management Systems 881A451 Airborne Battle Management Systems 2281A451D Airborne Battle Management Systems 561A471 Airborne Battle Management Systems 1691A471D Airborne Battle Management Systems 891A491 Airborne Battle Management Systems 111C300 Command and Control Manager 181C311 Command and Control 1121C331 Command and Control 2651C351 Command and Control 7001C371 Command and Control 7911C391 Command and Control 66
Air Force Occupations by Occupational Cluster 149
1C400 Tactical Air Command and Control Manager 41C411 Tactical Air Command and Control 1001C431 Tactical Air Command and Control 1541C451 Tactical Air Command and Control 3041C471 Tactical Air Command and Control 3691C491 Tactical Air Command and Control 111C500 Aerospace Control and Warning System Manager 121C551 Aerospace Control and Warning Systems 3641C551D Aerospace Control and Warning Systems 351N200 Signals Intelligence Analysis Manager 361N211 Signals Intelligence Production 3081N231 Signals Intelligence Production 2201N251 Signals Intelligence Production 6501N271 Signals Intelligence Production 7861N291 Signals Intelligence Production 471N500 Electronic Signals Intelligence Exploitation Manager 51N511 Electronic Signals Intelligence Exploitation 291N531 Electronic Signals Intelligence Exploitation 1021N551 Electronic Signals Intelligence Exploitation 2141N571 Electronic Signals Intelligence Exploitation 3901N591 Electronic Signals Intelligence Exploitation 151N600 Electronic Systems Security Assess Manager 12A413 Aircraft Command Control Communications and
Navigation Systems 352A433 Aircraft Command Control Communications and
Navigation Systems 1182A453 Aircraft Command Control Communications and
Navigation Systems 882A473 Aircraft Command Control Communications and
Navigation Systems 1292E000 Communications-Electronics Systems Manager 1122E690 Telephone and Distributed Communications Systems 543C111 Radio Communications Systems 793C131 Radio Communications Systems 1263C132 Electromagnetic Spectrum Management 23C151 Radio Communications Systems 3793C171 Radio Communications Systems 5553C172 Electromagnetic Spectrum Management 473C191 Radio Communications Systems 223C192 Electromagnetic Spectrum Management 3
8 Computer Systems Specialists
MOC MOC Title Personnel1A511 Airborne Missions Systems 361A531 Airborne Missions Systems 941A551 Airborne Missions Systems 1411A571 Airborne Missions Systems 1381A591 Airborne Missions Systems 6
150 Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
2S012 Supply Systems Analysis 292S032 Supply Systems Analysis 842S052 Supply Systems Analysis 1012S072 Supply Systems Analysis 50133S1 Communications and Information 51533S1A Communications and Information 5933S1B Communications and Information 1933S1C Communications and Information 21533S3 Communications and Information 1,32833S3A Communications and Information 25933S3B Communications and Information 7833S3C Communications and Information 1,06733S3W Communications and Information 133S4 Communications and Information 1,10633S4W Communications and Information 13A000 Information Management Manager 933C000 Communications-Computer Systems Manager 743C011 Communications-Computer Systems Operations 3513C012 Communications-Computer Systems Programming 333C031 Communications-Computer Systems Operations 1,1273C032 Communications-Computer Systems Programming 2223C051 Communications-Computer Systems Operations 2,8203C052 Communications-Computer Systems Programming 6973C071 Communications-Computer Systems Operations 2,9463C072 Communications-Computer Systems Programming 9243C090 Communications-Computer Systems 1973C211 Communications-Computer Systems Control 913C231 Communications-Computer Systems Control 3723C251 Communications-Computer Systems Control 5243C271 Communications-Computer Systems Control 8403C291 Communications-Computer Systems Control 433C311 Communications-Computer Systems Planning and
Implementation 103C331 Communications-Computer Systems Planning and
Implementation 343C351 Communications-Computer Systems Planning and
Implementation 1773C371 Communications-Computer Systems Planning and
Implementation 3063C391 Communications-Computer Systems Planning and
Implementation 31
9 Construction and Engineering Operators
MOC MOC Title Personnel1T100 Aircrew Life Support Manager 111T111 Aircrew Life Support 841T131 Aircrew Life Support 3861T151 Aircrew Life Support 724
Air Force Occupations by Occupational Cluster 151
1T171 Aircrew Life Support 7121T191 Aircrew Life Support 302A714 Survival Equipment 332A734 Survival Equipment 1162A754 Survival Equipment 3082A774 Survival Equipment 2993E211 Pavements and Construction Equipment 1103E231 Pavements and Construction Equipment 4643E251 Pavements and Construction Equipment 5643E271 Pavements and Construction Equipment 7513E291 Pavements and Construction Equipment 43
MOC MOC Title Personnel3E413 Environmental 73E433 Environmental 443E453 Environmental 983E473 Environmental 1464B011 Bioenvironmental Engineering 434B031 Bioenvironmental Engineering 1794B051 Bioenvironmental Engineering 3124B071 Bioenvironmental Engineering 2714B091 Bioenvironmental Engineering 114E011 Public Health 704E031 Public Health 1594E051 Public Health 2114E071 Public Health 2524E091 Public Health 10
15 Finance and Accounting Managers
MOC MOC Title Personnel65A3 Audit 465A4 Audit 965F1 Financial Management 11365F3 Financial Management 42465F4 Financial Management 22665W1 Cost Analysis 2265W3 Cost Analysis 11265W4 Cost Analysis 2187G0 Inspector General 23
16 Firefighters
MOC MOC Title Personnel3E700 Fire Protection Manager 213E711 Fire Protection 2943E731 Fire Protection 1,8123E751 Fire Protection 1,0433E771 Fire Protection 1,1413E791 Fire Protection 37
17 Flight Engineers
MOC MOC Title Personnel1A100 Flight Engineer Manager 271A131C Flight Engineer 7
MOC MOC Title Personnel1N312A Romance Cryptologic Linguist 731N312C Romance Cryptologic Linguist 51N312E Romance Cryptologic Linguist 11N313A Slavic Cryptologic Linguist 2081N313D Slavic Cryptologic Linguist 711N313E Slavic Cryptologic Linguist 11N313K Slavic Cryptologic Linguist 41N313L Slavic Cryptologic Linguist 51N314A Far East Cryptologic Linguist 1221N314B Far East Cryptologic Linguist 321N314C Far East Cryptologic Linguist 31N314D Far East Cryptologic Linguist 51N314E Far East Cryptologic Linguist 61N314G Far East Cryptologic Linguist 2101N314J Far East Cryptologic Linguist 21N315A Mid East Cryptologic Linguist 1911N315C Mid East Cryptologic Linguist 411N315D Mid East Cryptologic Linguist 841N315E Mid East Cryptologic Linguist 81N332A Romance Cryptologic Linguist 731N332B Romance Cryptologic Linguist 11N332F Romance Cryptologic Linguist 31N333A Slavic Cryptologic Linguist 1031N333D Slavic Cryptologic Linguist 241N333F Slavic Cryptologic Linguist 21N333J Slavic Cryptologic Linguist 11N333K Slavic Cryptologic Linguist 11N334A Far East Cryptologic Linguist 731N334B Far East Cryptologic Linguist 311N334C Far East Cryptologic Linguist 41N334D Far East Cryptologic Linguist 41N334E Far East Cryptologic Linguist 31N334G Far East Cryptologic Linguist 841N335A Mid East Cryptologic Linguist 831N335C Mid East Cryptologic Linguist 121N335D Mid East Cryptologic Linguist 441N335E Mid East Cryptologic Linguist 61N335F Mid East Cryptologic Linguist 21N351A German Cryptologic Linguist 81N352A Romance Cryptologic Linguist 1371N352B Romance Cryptologic Linguist 41N352C Romance Cryptologic Linguist 51N352E Romance Cryptologic Linguist 11N353A Slavic Cryptologic Linguist 1141N353D Slavic Cryptologic Linguist 161N353E Slavic Cryptologic Linguist 1
156 Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
1N353F Slavic Cryptologic Linguist 21N353J Slavic Cryptologic Linguist 21N354A Far East Cryptologic Linguist 841N354B Far East Cryptologic Linguist 181N354C Far East Cryptologic Linguist 31N354D Far East Cryptologic Linguist 41N354E Far East Cryptologic Linguist 31N354G Far East Cryptologic Linguist 811N354J Far East Cryptologic Linguist 11N355A Mid East Cryptologic Linguist 2011N355C Mid East Cryptologic Linguist 281N355D Mid East Cryptologic Linguist 301N355E Mid East Cryptologic Linguist 71N371A German Cryptologic Linguist 101N372A Romance Cryptologic Linguist 1611N372B Romance Cryptologic Linguist 41N372C Romance Cryptologic Linguist 31N372E Romance Cryptologic Linguist 41N373A Slavic Cryptologic Linguist 3921N373B Slavic Cryptologic Linguist 91N373C Slavic Cryptologic Linguist 121N373D Slavic Cryptologic Linguist 381N373E Slavic Cryptologic Linguist 11N373F Slavic Cryptologic Linguist 11N373J Slavic Cryptologic Linguist 41N374A Far East Cryptologic Linguist 831N374B Far East Cryptologic Linguist 421N374C Far East Cryptologic Linguist 21N374D Far East Cryptologic Linguist 31N374G Far East Cryptologic Linguist 1531N374J Far East Cryptologic Linguist 91N375A Mid East Cryptologic Linguist 1451N375C Mid East Cryptologic Linguist 361N375D Mid East Cryptologic Linguist 231N375E Mid East Cryptologic Linguist 31N390 Cryptologic Linguist 801T000 Survival, Evasion, Resistance, and Escape Training Manager 41T011 Survival, Evasion, Resistance, and Escape Training 581T031 Survival, Evasion, Resistance, and Escape Training 601T051 Survival, Evasion, Resistance, and Escape Training 1031T071 Survival, Evasion, Resistance, and Escape Training 1571T091 Survival, Evasion, Resistance, and Escape Training 73S100 Equal Opportunity and Treatment Manager 63S200 Education and Training Manager 133S211 Education and Training 113S231 Education and Training 503S251 Education and Training 3743S271 Education and Training 862
Air Force Occupations by Occupational Cluster 157
40C0A Medical Commander 2040C0C Medical Commander 3341A1 Health Services Administrator 25141A3 Health Services Administrator 56841A4 Health Services Administrator 30042N1A Audiology/Speech Pathologist 742N3A Audiology/Speech Pathologist 3142N3B Audiology/Speech Pathologist 642N4A Audiology/Speech Pathologist 142P3 Clinical Psychologist 11842P3A Clinical Psychologist 942S1 Clinical Social Worker 5042S3 Clinical Social Worker 16542S4 Clinical Social Worker 443D1 Dietitian 1643D3 Dietitian 6843P1 Pharmacist 7843P3 Pharmacist 17943P4 Pharmacist 34C000 Mental Health Service Manager 24C011 Mental Health Service 364C031 Mental Health Service 1584C051 Mental Health Service 2194C071 Mental Health Service 3284C091 Mental Health Service 114M000 Aerospace Physiology Manager 24M011 Aerospace Physiology 194M031 Aerospace Physiology 694M051 Aerospace Physiology 1274M071 Aerospace Physiology 1704M091 Aerospace Physiology 951J1 Judge Advocate 12751J3 Judge Advocate 72251J4 Judge Advocate 44152R3 Chaplain 43052R3A Chaplain 952R3C Chaplain 152R4 Chaplain 14580C0 Commander, Cadet Squadron, USAF Academy 580C0W Commander, Cadet Squadron, USAF Academy 1781C0 Training Commander, Officer Training School 281C0W Training Commander, Officer Training School 181T0 Instructor 26181T0U Instructor 181T0W Instructor 3082A0 Academic Program Manager 6082A0W Academic Program Manager 158B000 Military Training Instructor 36
158 Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
8B100 Military Training Manager 428C000 Family Support Center Superintendent 758D000 Linguist Debriefer/Interrogator 238T000 Professional Military Education Instructor 20492J0 Nondesignated Lawyer 19L000 Interpreter/Translator 23
MOC MOC Title Personnel1S000 Safety Manager 61S011 Safety 21S031 Safety 31S051 Safety 481S071 Safety 1811S091 Safety 133P000 Security Manager 1043P011 Security 2,0533P031 Security 4,5903P051 Security 7,1643P071 Security 7,498
Air Force Occupations by Occupational Cluster 159
7S000 Special Investigations Manager 97S031 Special Investigations 77S071 Special Investigations 5057S091 Special Investigations 228G000 United States Air Force Honor Guard 1428J000 Correctional Custody Supervisor 4
23 Legal Specialists and Court Reporters
MOC MOC Title Personnel5J000 Paralegal Manager 95J031 Paralegal 385J051 Paralegal 2745J071 Paralegal 4055J091 Paralegal 26
24 Life Scientists
MOC MOC Title Personnel40C0B Medical Commander 443A1 Aerospace Physiologist 943A3 Aerospace Physiologist 6643A4 Aerospace Physiologist 443M1 Medical Entomologist 243M3 Medical Entomologist 1443T1A Biomedical Laboratory 2743T1B Biomedical Laboratory 143T1E Biomedical Laboratory 343T3A Biomedical Laboratory 14743T3B Biomedical Laboratory 1143T3E Biomedical Laboratory 1143T3F Biomedical Laboratory 243T3G Biomedical Laboratory 143T4A Biomedical Laboratory 343T4B Biomedical Laboratory 243V3E Veterinary Clinician 161S1B Scientist 3961S3B Scientist 86
4H031 Cardiopulmonary Laboratory 564H051 Cardiopulmonary Laboratory 1744H071 Cardiopulmonary Laboratory 1254H091 Cardiopulmonary Laboratory 34N000 Medical Service Manager 324N011 Medical Service 3264N031 Medical Service 1,3324N031A Medical Service 24N051 Medical Service 2,4494N051A Medical Service 774N051B Medical Service 124N071 Medical Service 2,4474N091 Medical Service 834N111 Surgical Service 384N131 Surgical Service 2834N151 Surgical Service 3694N151B Surgical Service 114N151C Surgical Service 594N151D Surgical Service 314N171 Surgical Service 2964N171B Surgical Service 264N171C Surgical Service 454N171D Surgical Service 214N191 Surgical Service 34R000 Diagnostic Imaging Manager 34R011 Diagnostic Imaging Helper 1004R031 Diagnostic Imaging Apprentice 1144R031B Diagnostic Imaging 14R051 Diagnostic Imaging Journeyman 4264R051A Diagnostic Imaging 104R051B Diagnostic Imaging 314R051C Diagnostic Imaging 104R071 Diagnostic Imaging Craftsman 2584R071A Diagnostic Imaging 414R071B Diagnostic Imaging 644R071C Diagnostic Imaging 224R090 Diagnostic Imaging 174T000 Medical Laboratory Manager 74T011 Medical Laboratory 1034T012 Histopathology 114T031 Medical Laboratory 2724T032 Histopathology 234T051 Medical Laboratory 6224T052 Histopathology 474T053 Cytotechnology 44T071 Medical Laboratory 4624T072 Histopathology 374T073 Cytotechnology 19
MOC MOC Title Personnel35B1 Band 435B3 Band 1735B4 Band 53N100 Regional Band Manager 63N131A Regional Band 163N131B Regional Band 63N131C Regional Band 53N131D Regional Band 33N131E Regional Band 73N131F Regional Band 113N131G Regional Band 163N131H Regional Band 33N131J Regional Band 113N131K Regional Band 53N131L Regional Band 163N131M Regional Band 43N131N Regional Band 83N131P Regional Band 23N131R Regional Band 133N131S Regional Band 63N131V Regional Band 23N151A Regional Band 213N151B Regional Band 183N151C Regional Band 53N151D Regional Band 53N151E Regional Band 83N151F Regional Band 123N151G Regional Band 193N151H Regional Band 13N151J Regional Band 143N151K Regional Band 73N151L Regional Band 183N151M Regional Band 63N151N Regional Band 93N151P Regional Band 13N151R Regional Band 73N151S Regional Band 133N151V Regional Band 33N171A Regional Band 15
Air Force Occupations by Occupational Cluster 163
3N171B Regional Band 283N171C Regional Band 53N171D Regional Band 63N171E Regional Band 63N171F Regional Band 103N171G Regional Band 333N171H Regional Band 63N171J Regional Band 223N171K Regional Band 73N171L Regional Band 133N171M Regional Band 133N171N Regional Band 63N171P Regional Band 63N171R Regional Band 163N171S Regional Band 113N171V Regional Band 153N190 Regional Band 193N200 Premier Band Manager 213N231 Premier Band 13N271 Premier Band 2133N291 Premier Band 44
28 Nondestructive Testers
MOC MOC Title Personnel2A712 Nondestructive Inspection 182A732 Nondestructive Inspection 862A752 Nondestructive Inspection 3312A772 Nondestructive Inspection 192
29 Ordnance Specialists
MOC MOC Title Personnel3E811 Explosive Ordnance Disposal 1993E831 Explosive Ordnance Disposal 1643E851 Explosive Ordnance Disposal 1553E871 Explosive Ordnance Disposal 4233E891 Explosive Ordnance Disposal 21
30 Nurses and Physical Therapists
MOC MOC Title Personnel40C0E Medical Commander 942B1 Physical Therapist 4142B3 Physical Therapist 13042B4 Physical Therapist 142T1 Occupational Therapist 1042T3 Occupational Therapist 2146A1 Nursing Administrator 1646A3 Nursing Administrator 159
MOC MOC Title Personnel3V000 Visual Information Manager 133V011 Visual Information 313V012 Still Photographic 323V013 Visual Information Production-Documentation 133V031 Visual Information 1143V032 Still Photographic 1073V033 Visual Information Production-Documentation 523V051 Visual Information 2033V052 Still Photographic 3043V053 Visual Information Production-Documentation 1203V071 Visual Information 2083V072 Still Photographic 2793V073 Visual Information Production-Documentation 883V090 Visual Information Services 28
45S3J Surgeon 145U3A Urologist 145U3B Urologist 147S1 Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon 147S3 Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon 3647S4 Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon 148A1 Aerospace Medicine Specialist 248A3 Aerospace Medicine Specialist 10648A4 Aerospace Medicine Specialist 1748E3 Occupational Medicine Specialist 548E4 Occupational Medicine Specialist 248F1 Family Practice Specialist 1048F3 Family Practice Specialist 4248F4 Family Practice Specialist 148G1 Aerospace Medicine Physician 5948G3 Aerospace Medicine Physician 30548G3P Aerospace Medicine Physician 148G3R Aerospace Medicine Physician 148G4 Aerospace Medicine Physician 2348P1 Preventive Medicine Specialist 248P3 Preventive Medicine Specialist 948P4 Preventive Medicine Specialist 1
34 Pilots and Ship/Submarine Operators
MOC MOC Title Personnel10C0P Operations Commander 1310C0S Operations Commander 110C0U Operations Commander 110C0W Operations Commander 5211A1A Airlift Pilot 1211A1B Airlift Pilot 911A1C Airlift Pilot 111A1D Airlift Pilot 811A1E Airlift Pilot 211A1F Airlift Pilot 1711A1K Airlift Pilot 6111A1L Airlift Pilot 311A1M Airlift Pilot 3511A1R Airlift Pilot 111A1S Airlift Pilot 511A1T Airlift Pilot 511A1V Airlift Pilot 311A1W Airlift Pilot 211A1Y Airlift Pilot 2511A1Z Airlift Pilot 411A2A Airlift Pilot 7711A2B Airlift Pilot 3811A2C Airlift Pilot 1
Air Force Occupations by Occupational Cluster 169
11A2D Airlift Pilot 4911A2E Airlift Pilot 2211A2F Airlift Pilot 4111A2H Airlift Pilot 311A2J Airlift Pilot 211A2K Airlift Pilot 21711A2L Airlift Pilot 111A2M Airlift Pilot 8711A2N Airlift Pilot 111A2Z Airlift Pilot 411A3A Airlift Pilot 30211A3B Airlift Pilot 9811A3C Airlift Pilot 3311A3D Airlift Pilot 13711A3E Airlift Pilot 4211A3F Airlift Pilot 27911A3G Airlift Pilot 711A3H Airlift Pilot 411A3J Airlift Pilot 2111A3K Airlift Pilot 65611A3L Airlift Pilot 6311A3M Airlift Pilot 53211A3N Airlift Pilot 2111A3P Airlift Pilot 1811A3R Airlift Pilot 811A3S Airlift Pilot 17711A3T Airlift Pilot 16211A3U Airlift Pilot 611A3V Airlift Pilot 3011A3W Airlift Pilot 511A3Y Airlift Pilot 11111A3Z Airlift Pilot 6411A4A Airlift Pilot 611A4D Airlift Pilot 311A4F Airlift Pilot 211A4K Airlift Pilot 5511A4M Airlift Pilot 1711A4R Airlift Pilot 111A4T Airlift Pilot 111A4U Airlift Pilot 111A4V Airlift Pilot 1511A4W Airlift Pilot 911A4Y Airlift Pilot 19611A4Z Airlift Pilot 211B1A Bomber Pilot 2111B1B Bomber Pilot 711B1C Bomber Pilot 3411B1N Bomber Pilot 5
170 Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
11B1S Bomber Pilot 311B1Y Bomber Pilot 1211B2A Bomber Pilot 4311B2C Bomber Pilot 4411B3A Bomber Pilot 20411B3B Bomber Pilot 4211B3C Bomber Pilot 20911B3N Bomber Pilot 1811B3P Bomber Pilot 311B3R Bomber Pilot 411B3S Bomber Pilot 4311B3T Bomber Pilot 5211B3U Bomber Pilot 111B3Y Bomber Pilot 3611B3Z Bomber Pilot 211B4A Bomber Pilot 811B4B Bomber Pilot 311B4C Bomber Pilot 1111B4S Bomber Pilot 111B4U Bomber Pilot 211B4Y Bomber Pilot 7611E1A Experimental Test Pilot 111E1B Experimental Test Pilot 711E1Z Experimental Test Pilot 211E3A Experimental Test Pilot 3211E3B Experimental Test Pilot 5711E3C Experimental Test Pilot 411E3Q Experimental Test Pilot 111E3Z Experimental Test Pilot 611E4A Experimental Test Pilot 211E4B Experimental Test Pilot 111E4C Experimental Test Pilot 111F1A Fighter Pilot 111F1B Fighter Pilot 2411F1C Fighter Pilot 211F1D Fighter Pilot 211F1E Fighter Pilot 211F1F Fighter Pilot 5611F1G Fighter Pilot 3811F1H Fighter Pilot 23111F1K Fighter Pilot 911F1L Fighter Pilot 111F1M Fighter Pilot 211F1N Fighter Pilot 211F1Q Fighter Pilot 311F1R Fighter Pilot 111F1S Fighter Pilot 311F1T Fighter Pilot 3
Air Force Occupations by Occupational Cluster 171
11F1U Fighter Pilot 311F1Y Fighter Pilot 2211F1Z Fighter Pilot 511F3B Fighter Pilot 32311F3C Fighter Pilot 2711F3D Fighter Pilot 1011F3E Fighter Pilot 311F3F Fighter Pilot 63911F3G Fighter Pilot 34711F3H Fighter Pilot 1,18711F3K Fighter Pilot 4211F3L Fighter Pilot 2511F3M Fighter Pilot 11011F3N Fighter Pilot 6311F3P Fighter Pilot 311F3Q Fighter Pilot 10511F3R Fighter Pilot 411F3S Fighter Pilot 6811F3T Fighter Pilot 25811F3U Fighter Pilot 1411F3Y Fighter Pilot 13011F3Z Fighter Pilot 2511F4B Fighter Pilot 1911F4C Fighter Pilot 311F4E Fighter Pilot 311F4F Fighter Pilot 5111F4G Fighter Pilot 911F4H Fighter Pilot 5611F4K Fighter Pilot 611F4L Fighter Pilot 111F4M Fighter Pilot 411F4N Fighter Pilot 111F4Q Fighter Pilot 211F4U Fighter Pilot 2611F4Y Fighter Pilot 31111F4Z Fighter Pilot 211G3 Generalist Pilot 2611G4 Generalist Pilot 8211H1B Helicopter Pilot 111H1C Helicopter Pilot 411H1D Helicopter Pilot 311H1E Helicopter Pilot 211H1Y Helicopter Pilot 211H2A Helicopter Pilot 111H2B Helicopter Pilot 111H2C Helicopter Pilot 3211H2E Helicopter Pilot 5011H3A Helicopter Pilot 14
172 Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
11H3C Helicopter Pilot 13411H3D Helicopter Pilot 311H3E Helicopter Pilot 11811H3T Helicopter Pilot 711H3Y Helicopter Pilot 711H3Z Helicopter Pilot 511H4C Helicopter Pilot 711H4D Helicopter Pilot 311H4E Helicopter Pilot 411H4Y Helicopter Pilot 2911K1A Trainer Pilot 211K1C Trainer Pilot 1511K1D Trainer Pilot 411K1Y Trainer Pilot 111K1Z Trainer Pilot 111K3A Trainer Pilot 1011K3B Trainer Pilot 111K3C Trainer Pilot 17411K3D Trainer Pilot 4911K3N Trainer Pilot 411K3Y Trainer Pilot 311K3Z Trainer Pilot 511K4C Trainer Pilot 111K4D Trainer Pilot 311K4U Trainer Pilot 111K4Y Trainer Pilot 711R1A Reconnaissance/Surveillance/Electronic Warfare Pilot 811R1B Reconnaissance/Surveillance/Electronic Warfare Pilot 211R1C Reconnaissance/Surveillance/Electronic Warfare Pilot 711R1D Reconnaissance/Surveillance/Electronic Warfare Pilot 111R1G Reconnaissance/Surveillance/Electronic Warfare Pilot 1111R1H Reconnaissance/Surveillance/Electronic Warfare Pilot 111R1J Reconnaissance/Surveillance/Electronic Warfare Pilot 411R1Y Reconnaissance/Surveillance/Electronic Warfare Pilot 111R2A Reconnaissance/Surveillance/Electronic Warfare Pilot 4011R2C Reconnaissance/Surveillance/Electronic Warfare Pilot 3111R2D Reconnaissance/Surveillance/Electronic Warfare Pilot 711R2F Reconnaissance/Surveillance/Electronic Warfare Pilot 1011R2G Reconnaissance/Surveillance/Electronic Warfare Pilot 1811R2H Reconnaissance/Surveillance/Electronic Warfare Pilot 311R3A Reconnaissance/Surveillance/Electronic Warfare Pilot 14211R3B Reconnaissance/Surveillance/Electronic Warfare Pilot 1711R3C Reconnaissance/Surveillance/Electronic Warfare Pilot 5511R3D Reconnaissance/Surveillance/Electronic Warfare Pilot 2111R3F Reconnaissance/Surveillance/Electronic Warfare Pilot 3611R3G Reconnaissance/Surveillance/Electronic Warfare Pilot 7011R3H Reconnaissance/Surveillance/Electronic Warfare Pilot 311R3J Reconnaissance/Surveillance/Electronic Warfare Pilot 91
Air Force Occupations by Occupational Cluster 173
11R3L Reconnaissance/Surveillance/Electronic Warfare Pilot 1511R3P Reconnaissance/Surveillance/Electronic Warfare Pilot 111R3R Reconnaissance/Surveillance/Electronic Warfare Pilot 111R3S Reconnaissance/Surveillance/Electronic Warfare Pilot 1811R3T Reconnaissance/Surveillance/Electronic Warfare Pilot 2211R3Y Reconnaissance/Surveillance/Electronic Warfare Pilot 511R3Z Reconnaissance/Surveillance/Electronic Warfare Pilot 511R4A Reconnaissance/Surveillance/Electronic Warfare Pilot 411R4D Reconnaissance/Surveillance/Electronic Warfare Pilot 311R4G Reconnaissance/Surveillance/Electronic Warfare Pilot 511R4J Reconnaissance/Surveillance/Electronic Warfare Pilot 611R4T Reconnaissance/Surveillance/Electronic Warfare Pilot 111R4Y Reconnaissance/Surveillance/Electronic Warfare Pilot 1711R4Z Reconnaissance/Surveillance/Electronic Warfare Pilot 111S1C Special Operations Pilot 211S1D Special Operations Pilot 111S1E Special Operations Pilot 311S1F Special Operations Pilot 111S1Y Special Operations Pilot 311S2C Special Operations Pilot 1211S2D Special Operations Pilot 811S2E Special Operations Pilot 1011S2F Special Operations Pilot 411S3C Special Operations Pilot 3011S3D Special Operations Pilot 1811S3E Special Operations Pilot 7411S3F Special Operations Pilot 2911S3S Special Operations Pilot 211S3T Special Operations Pilot 311S3W Special Operations Pilot 1811S3Y Special Operations Pilot 4311S4E Special Operations Pilot 111S4U Special Operations Pilot 111S4W Special Operations Pilot 811S4Y Special Operations Pilot 4611T1A Tanker Pilot 1111T1B Tanker Pilot 4511T1L Tanker Pilot 111T1R Tanker Pilot 111T1S Tanker Pilot 511T1T Tanker Pilot 311T1Y Tanker Pilot 311T1Z Tanker Pilot 111T2A Tanker Pilot 8011T2B Tanker Pilot 26311T2Z Tanker Pilot 111T3A Tanker Pilot 27211T3B Tanker Pilot 775
174 Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
11T3L Tanker Pilot 311T3N Tanker Pilot 411T3P Tanker Pilot 811T3R Tanker Pilot 611T3S Tanker Pilot 11811T3T Tanker Pilot 13111T3Y Tanker Pilot 4411T3Z Tanker Pilot 111T4A Tanker Pilot 1211T4B Tanker Pilot 3211T4Y Tanker Pilot 7412R3L Reconnaissance/Surveillance/Electronic Warfare Navigator 6
36 Precision Equipment Repairers
MOC MOC Title Personnel1A500 Airborne Missions System Manager 21C600 Space Systems Operations Manager 71C611 Space Systems Operations 721C631 Space Systems Operations 1761C651 Space Systems Operations 3021C671 Space Systems Operations 3641C691 Space Systems Operations 162A000 Avionics Systems Manager 642A011A Avionics Test Station and Components 812A011B Avionics Test Station and Components 512A031A Avionics Test Station and Components 1122A031B Avionics Test Station and Components 1422A051A Avionics Test Station and Components 2992A051B Avionics Test Station and Components 1472A071A Avionics Test Station and Components 4052A071B Avionics Test Station and Components 2252A090 Avionics Test Station and Components 732A113 Communication and Navigation Systems 342A114 Airborne Surveillance Radar Systems 222A117 Electronic Warfare Systems 2062A133 Communication and Navigation Systems 1002A134 Airborne Surveillance Radar Systems 292A137 Electronic Warfare Systems 3942A153 Communication and Navigation Systems 1722A154 Airborne Surveillance Radar Systems 942A157 Electronic Warfare Systems 5352A173 Communication and Navigation Systems 2772A174 Airborne Surveillance Radar Systems 852A177 Electronic Warfare Systems 8972A190 Conventional Avionics 1502A300 Aircraft Manager 2742A311A F-15/F-111 Avionic Systems 552A311B F-15/F-111 Avionic Systems 28
Air Force Occupations by Occupational Cluster 175
2A311C F-15/F-111 Avionic Systems 362A312A F-16 Avionic Systems 482A312B F-16 Avionic Systems 662A312C F-16 Avionic Systems 532A313A Tactical Aircraft Maintenance 3092A331A F-15/F-111 Avionic Systems 1362A331B F-15/F-111 Avionic Systems 1042A331C F-15/F-111 Avionic Systems 1082A332A F-16 Avionic Systems 1472A332B F-16 Avionic Systems 1442A332C F-16 Avionic Systems 1642A333A Tactical Aircraft Maintenance 8102A351A F-15/F-111 Avionic Systems 2492A351B F-15/F-111 Avionic Systems 1832A351C F-15/F-111 Avionic Systems 1922A352A F-16 Avionic Systems 1942A352B F-16 Avionic Systems 1122A352C F-16 Avionic Systems 1592A353A Tactical Aircraft Maintenance 1,2232A371 F-15/F-111 Avionic Systems 7172A372 F-16 Avionic Systems 6282A373A Tactical Aircraft Maintenance 1,6252A390 Tactical Aircraft 5862A411 Aircraft Guidance and Control Systems 1382A412 Aircraft Communication and Navigation Systems 1332A431 Aircraft Guidance and Control Systems 4132A432 Aircraft Communication and Navigation Systems 4532A451 Aircraft Guidance and Control Systems 6032A452 Aircraft Communication and Navigation Systems 4472A471 Aircraft Guidance and Control Systems 9602A472 Aircraft Communication and Navigation Systems 9082A490 Aircraft Avionics 872A513A Bomber Avionics Systems 422A513B Bomber Avionics Systems 292A513C Bomber Avionics Systems 382A533A Bomber Avionics Systems 752A533B Bomber Avionics Systems 632A533C Bomber Avionics Systems 452A553A Bomber Avionics Systems 1062A553B Bomber Avionics Systems 782A553C Bomber Avionics Systems 492A573A Bomber Avionics Systems 1872A573B Bomber Avionics Systems 702A573C Bomber Avionics Systems 892A590 Aerospace Maintenance 4772E011 Ground Radar Systems 952E031 Ground Radar Systems 1582E051 Ground Radar Systems 454
176 Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
2E071 Ground Radar Systems 6422E091 Ground Radar Systems 382E111 Satellite and Wideband Communications Equipment 1932E112 Meteorological and Navigation Systems 642E113 Ground Radio Communications 2752E114 Visual Imagery and Intrusion Detection Systems 722E131 Satellite and Wideband Communications Equipment 3842E132 Meteorological and Navigation Systems 1172E133 Ground Radio Communications 5482E134 Visual Imagery and Intrusion Detection Systems 752E151 Satellite and Wideband Communications Equipment 7172E152 Meteorological and Navigation Systems 1922E153 Ground Radio Communications 9342E154 Visual Imagery and Intrusion Detection Systems 1832E171 Satellite and Wideband Communications Equipment 1,0302E172 Meteorological and Navigation Systems 3002E173 Ground Radio Communications 1,5072E174 Visual Imagery and Intrusion Detection Systems 3322E190 Communications Systems 1992E211 Electronic Computer and Switching Systems 912E211A Electronic Computer and Switching Systems 452E211B Electronic Computer and Switching Systems 52E211C Electronic Computer and Switching Systems 172E231 Electronic Computer and Switching Systems 2962E231A Electronic Computer and Switching Systems 362E231B Electronic Computer and Switching Systems 332E231C Electronic Computer and Switching Systems 372E251 Electronic Computer and Switching Systems 5032E251A Electronic Computer and Switching Systems 492E251B Electronic Computer and Switching Systems 1082E251C Electronic Computer and Switching Systems 892E271 Electronic Computer and Switching Systems 9862E291 Electronic Computer and Switching Systems 532E311 Secure Communications Systems 822E331 Secure Communications Systems 2082E351 Secure Communications Systems 5312E371 Secure Communications Systems 7162E391 Secure Communications Systems 502E411 Space Systems 132E431 Space Systems 152E451 Space Systems 1302E471 Space Systems 1452E491 Space Systems 62E611 Communications Antenna Systems 182E612 Communications Cable Systems 482E613 Telephone Systems 732E631 Communications Antenna Systems 672E632 Communications Cable Systems 176
Air Force Occupations by Occupational Cluster 177
2E633 Telephone Systems 3362E651 Communications Antenna Systems 1462E652 Communications Cable Systems 2782E653 Telephone Systems 4982E671 Communications Antenna Systems 1812E672 Communications Cable Systems 3152E673 Telephone Systems 5532E800 Instrumentation and Telemetry Systems Manager 22E811 Instrumentation and Telemetry Systems 282E831 Instrumentation and Telemetry Systems 632E851 Instrumentation and Telemetry Systems 1322E871 Instrumentation and Telemetry Systems 1632E891 Instrumentation and Telemetry Systems 122M000 Missile and Space Systems Maintenance Manager 302M011A Missile and Space Systems Electronic Maintenance 432M011B Missile and Space Systems Electronic Maintenance 352M012A Missile and Space Systems Maintenance 422M013 Missile and Space Facilities 12M013A Missile and Space Facilities 322M031 Missile and Space Systems Electronic Maintenance 52M031A Missile and Space Systems Electronic Maintenance 1692M031B Missile and Space Systems Electronic Maintenance 992M032 Missile and Space Systems Maintenance 62M032A Missile and Space Systems Maintenance 732M033 Missile and Space Facilities 52M033A Missile and Space Facilities 972M051 Missile and Space Systems Electronic Maintenance 3772M052 Missile and Space Systems Maintenance 3332M053 Missile and Space Facilities 2082M071 Missile and Space Systems Electronic Maintenance 5372M072 Missile and Space Systems Maintenance 4452M073 Missile and Space Facilities 2112M090 Missile and Space Systems Maintenance 1012P000 Precision Measurement Equipment Laboratory Manager 142P011 Precision Measurement Equipment Laboratory 1812P031 Precision Measurement Equipment Laboratory 2552P051 Precision Measurement Equipment Laboratory 4272P071 Precision Measurement Equipment Laboratory 6332P091 Precision Measurement Equipment Laboratory 302W000 Munitions Maintenance Manager 402W011 Munitions Systems 2622W031 Munitions Systems 1,5682W051 Munitions Systems 2,2232W071 Munitions Systems 2,5372W091 Munitions Systems 1492W100 Aircraft Armament Manager 622W111C Aircraft Armament Systems 352W111E Aircraft Armament Systems 88
178 Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
2W111F Aircraft Armament Systems 1442W111K Aircraft Armament Systems 322W111L Aircraft Armament Systems 192W111Z Aircraft Armament Systems 172W131C Aircraft Armament Systems 2022W131E Aircraft Armament Systems 5352W131F Aircraft Armament Systems 6612W131K Aircraft Armament Systems 962W131L Aircraft Armament Systems 982W131Z Aircraft Armament Systems 452W151 Aircraft Armament Systems 2,5992W171 Aircraft Armament Systems 3,2742W191 Aircraft Armament Systems 2772W200 Nuclear Weapons Manager 72W211 Nuclear Weapons 582W231 Nuclear Weapons 2432W251 Nuclear Weapons 2572W271 Nuclear Weapons 3262W291 Nuclear Weapons 293E800 Explosive Ordnance Disposal Manager 74A200 Biomedical Equipment Manager 34A211 Biomedical Equipment 344A231 Biomedical Equipment 874A251 Biomedical Equipment 1804A271 Biomedical Equipment 2284A291 Biomedical Equipment 138S000 Missile Facility Manager 22
37 Preventive Maintenance Analysts
MOC MOC Title Personnel2A531A Aerospace Maintenance 1842A531B Aerospace Maintenance 1882A531C Aerospace Maintenance 1672A531D Aerospace Maintenance 1562A531E Aerospace Maintenance 1672A531F Aerospace Maintenance 1612A531G Aerospace Maintenance 4422A531H Aerospace Maintenance 1962A551J Aerospace Maintenance 2,3292A551K Aerospace Maintenance 5622A551L Aerospace Maintenance 9862R000 Maintenance Data Systems Analysis Manager 72R011 Maintenance Data Systems Analysis 332R031 Maintenance Data Systems Analysis 962R051 Maintenance Data Systems Analysis 1902R071 Maintenance Data Systems Analysis 2982R091 Maintenance Data Systems Analysis 172R100 Maintenance Scheduling Manager 8
MOC MOC Title Personnel16A1 Air Attaché 116A4 Air Attaché 2216A4W Air Attaché 1116P1 International Politico-Military Affairs 4216P3 International Politico-Military Affairs 4316P4 International Politico-Military Affairs 13535P1 Public Affairs 4635P3 Public Affairs 20435P4 Public Affairs 1233H000 Historian Manager 83H031 Historian 23H051 Historian 143H071 Historian 433H091 Historian 33N000 Public Affairs Manager 73N090 Public Affairs 1384H0 Historian 286P0 Command and Control 22588P0 Protocol 39
39 Radar and Sonar Operators
MOC MOC Title Personnel1C511A Aerospace Control and Warning Systems 51C511C Aerospace Control and Warning Systems 191C531A Aerospace Control and Warning Systems 11C531B Aerospace Control and Warning Systems 141C531C Aerospace Control and Warning Systems 781C571D Aerospace Control and Warning Systems 1001C591 Aerospace Control and Warning Systems 27
180 Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
40 Recruiting Specialists
MOC MOC Title Personnel3S291 Education and Training 5283R0 Recruiting Service 168R000 Recruiter 627
41 Scientists and Engineers
MOC MOC Title Personnel13A3W Astronaut 813S1A Space and Missile Operations 5813S1B Space and Missile Operations 1213S1C Space and Missile Operations 16713S1D Space and Missile Operations 1013S1E Space and Missile Operations 1813S1S Space and Missile Operations 113S2C Space and Missile Operations 31713S3A Space and Missile Operations 44413S3B Space and Missile Operations 11913S3C Space and Missile Operations 1,50413S3D Space and Missile Operations 14913S3E Space and Missile Operations 23213S4 Space and Missile Operations 57821M1A Space and Missile Maintenance 2521M1B Space and Missile Maintenance 521M3 Space and Missile Maintenance 621M3A Space and Missile Maintenance 9921M3B Space and Missile Maintenance 221M4 Space and Missile Maintenance 2932E1A Civil Engineer 1732E1B Civil Engineer 232E1C Civil Engineer 4632E1E Civil Engineer 532E1F Civil Engineer 2732E1G Civil Engineer 12832E1H Civil Engineer 232E1J Civil Engineer 1932E1K Civil Engineer 132E1V Civil Engineer 132E1W Civil Engineer 132E3A Civil Engineer 5032E3B Civil Engineer 932E3C Civil Engineer 19132E3D Civil Engineer 1532E3E Civil Engineer 6932E3F Civil Engineer 7132E3G Civil Engineer 52932E3H Civil Engineer 8
2 Administrative, Personnel, and Supply Specialists
MOC MOC Title Personnel0100 Basic Administrative Marine 1610121 Personnel Clerk 1,3980131 Unit Diary Clerk 1,4360151 Administrative Clerk 3,8930161 Postal Clerk 3650193 Personnel/Administrative Chief 1,8640400 Basic Logistics Marine 620431 Embarkation/Logistics and Combat Service Support
(CSS) Specialist 1,0230451 Air Delivery Specialist 1500481 Landing Support Specialist 7863000 Basic Supply Administration and Operations Marine 1083043 Supply Administration and Operations Clerk 4,2413044 Purchasing and Contracting Specialist 1073051 Warehouse Clerk 2,8083052 Packaging Specialist 1903361 Subsistence Supply Clerk 3483400 Basic Auditing, Finance, and Accounting Marine 173441 NAF Audit Technician 393451 Fiscal/Budget Technician 3684100 Basic Marine Corps Exchange Marine 114133 Morale, Welfare, Recreation (MWR) Specialist 1246042 Support Equipment Asset Manager 2676600 Basic Aviation Supply Marine 346672 Aviation Supply Clerk 1,4617041 Aviation Operations Specialist 7487300 Basic Air Traffic Controller/Enlisted Flight Crew Marine 69991 Sergeant Major of the Marine Corps 19999 Sergeant Major-First Sergeant 1,220
186 Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
3 Aircraft, Automotive, and Electrical Maintenance Specialists
Marine Corps Occupations by Occupational Cluster 187
6112 Helicopter Mechanic, CH-46 6016113 Helicopter Mechanic, CH-53 5466114 Helicopter Mechanic, U/AH-1 5466122 Helicopter Power Plants Mechanic, T-58 1536123 Helicopter Power Plants Mechanic, T-64 1656124 Helicopter Power Plants Mechanic, T-400/T-700 1416152 Helicopter Airframe Mechanic, CH-46 2896153 Helicopter Airframe Mechanic, CH-53 4226154 Helicopter Airframe Mechanic, A/UH-1 5086331 Aircraft Electrical Systems Technician-Trainee 536333 Aircraft Electrical Systems Technician, EA-6 786335 Aircraft Electrical Systems Technician, AV-8 2056336 Aircraft Electrical Systems Technician, KC-130 1036337 Aircraft Electrical Systems Technician, F/A-18 3206431 Aircraft Electrical Systems Technician-Trainee 216432 Aircraft Electrical/Instrument/Flight Control Systems
Technician, Fixed Wing, IMA 2046433 Aircraft Electrical/Instrument/Flight Control Systems
Technician, Helicopter/OV-10, IMA 1996434 Advanced Aircraft Electrical/Instrument/Flight Control
Systems Technician IMA 80
4 Air Traffic Controllers
MOC MOC Title Personnel5950 Air Traffic Control Systems Maintenance Officer 217251 Air Traffic Controller-Trainee 1987252 Air Traffic Controller-Tower 1177253 Air Traffic Controller-Radar 2247291 Senior Air Traffic Controller 158
MOC MOC Title Personnel2500 Basic Operational Communicator 2112512 Field Wireman 1,3092513 Construction Wireman 1782531 Field Radio Operator 3,6732532 Multichannel Equipment Operator 6792534 High Frequency Communication Central Operator 672535 Fleet SATCOM Terminal Operator 172536 Ground Mobile Forces SATCOM Operator 1352537 Radio Chief 6792542 Communication Center Operator 9252549 Communication Center Chief 1732591 Operational Communication Chief 4042621 Communications Intelligence Intercept Operator/Analyst 6292629 Signals Intelligence Analyst 22631 Electronic Intelligence (ELINT) Intercept Operator/Analyst 1687381 Airborne Radio Operator/Inflight Refueling
Observer/Loadmaster-Trainee (ARO/IRO/LM) 15
8 Computer Systems Specialists
MOC MOC Title Personnel4000 Basic Data Systems Marine 1094010 Data Systems Software Officer 134010 Data Systems Software Officer 284066 Small Computer Systems Specialist (SCSS) 1,2384067 Programmer, ADA 3704099 Data Processing Chief 145970 Data Systems Maintenance Officer 146673 Automated Information Systems (AIS) Computer Operator 148
9 Construction and Engineering Operators
MOC MOC Title Personnel1171 Hygiene Equipment Operator 7711181 Fabric Repair Specialist 1081300 Basic Engineer, Construction, and Equipment Marine 2171345 Engineer Equipment Operator 1,3361371 Combat Engineer 2,5346060 Flight Equipment Marine 746
10 Combat Arms
MOC MOC Title Personnel0300 Basic Infantryman 867
Marine Corps Occupations by Occupational Cluster 189
0301 Basic Infantry Officer 330302 Infantry Officer 2,0460311 Rifleman 12,1480313 LAV Crewman 6810321 Reconnaissance Man 2800331 Machinegunner 2,9250341 Mortarman 2,9370351 Assaultman 2,0190352 Antitank Assault Guided Missileman 1,3790369 Infantry Unit Leader 2,5490800 Basic Field Artillery Man 640801 Basic Field Artillery Officer 280802 Field Artillery Officer 8340811 Field Artillery Cannoneer 2,0070844 Field Artillery Fire Control Man 4890848 Field Artillery Operations Man 1810861 Fire Support Man 4371800 Basic Tank and Amphibious Vehicle Crewman 621801 Basic Tank and Amphibious Vehicle Officer 71801 Basic Tank and Assault Amphibious Vehicle Officer 71802 Tank Officer 1901803 Assault Amphibious Vehicle (AAV) Officer 1471812 M1A1 Tank Crewman 5252120 Weapons Repair Officer 452305 Explosive Ordnance Disposal Officer 142305 Explosive Ordnance Disposal Officer 227200 Basic Air Control/Air Support/Anti-Air Warfare Marine 597201 Basic Air Control/Anti-Air Warfare Officer 27201 Basic Air Control/Anti-Air Warfare Officer 27204 Surface-to-Air Weapons Officer 817212 Low Altitude Air Defense (LAAD) Gunner 5489901 Basic Officer 7779906 Colonel, Ground 305
13 Emergency Management and Laboratory Specialists
MOC MOC Title Personnel5700 Basic Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical Marine 25711 Nuclear Biological and Chemical Defense Specialist 629
15 Finance and Accounting Managers
MOC MOC Title Personnel3401 Basic Auditing, Finance, and Accounting Officer 163404 Financial Management Officer 2593410 NAF Auditing Officer 103410 NAF Auditing Officer 17
190 Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
16 Firefighters
MOC MOC Title Personnel7051 Aircraft Firefighting and Rescue Specialist 968
17 Flight Engineers
MOC MOC Title Personnel6030 Aircraft Flight Mechanic, KC-130 876031 Aircraft Flight Engineer, KC-130-Trainee 256032 Aircraft Flight Engineer, KC-130 856172 Helicopter Crew Chief, CH-46 5006173 Helicopter Crew Chief, CH-53 2897314 Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) Air Vehicle Operator 40
18 Functional Specialty Managers
MOC MOC Title Personnel0180 Adjutant 3230401 Basic Logistics Officer 210402 Logistics Officer 8790430 Embarkation Officer 691390 Bulk Fuel Officer 312102 Ordnance Officer 312340 Ammunition Officer 262340 Ammunition Officer 373001 Basic Supply Administration and Operations Officer 243002 Ground Supply Officer 5673010 Ground Supply Operations Officer 293102 Traffic Management Officer 123102 Traffic Management Officer 213300 Basic Food Service Marine 1093302 Food Service Officer 183302 Food Service Officer 273381 Food Service Specialist 2,8483501 Basic Motor Transport Officer 113502 Motor Transport Officer 2303510 Motor Transport Maintenance Officer 904130 Marine Corps Exchange Officer 135801 Basic Military Police and Corrections Officer 75803 Military Police Officer 1595804 Corrections Officer 165805 Criminal Investigation Officer 176001 Basic Aircraft Maintenance Officer 26002 Aircraft Maintenance Officer 2286004 Aircraft Maintenance Engineer Officer 506004 Aircraft Maintenance Engineer Officer 816302 Avionics Officer 476302 Avionics Officer 80
Marine Corps Occupations by Occupational Cluster 191
MOC MOC Title Personnel5800 Basic Military Police and Corrections Marine 1715811 Military Police 2,9415821 Criminal Investigator 1745831 Correctional Specialist 670
192 Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
23 Legal Specialists and Court Reporters
MOC MOC Title Personnel4400 Basic Legal Services Marine 224421 Legal Services Specialist 5074429 Legal Services Reporter (Stenotype) 36
25 Machinists, Technicians, and Cargo Specialists
MOC MOC Title Personnel1100 Basic Utilities Marine 1531169 Utilities Chief 1461316 Metal Worker 2761391 Bulk Fuel Specialist 1,2482161 Machinist 1424615 Combat Lithographer 1066075 Cryogenics Equipment Operator 163
27 Musicians and Media Directors
MOC MOC Title Personnel4602 Training and Visual Information Support Officer 54602 Training and Visual Information Support Officer 145500 Basic Musician 515502 Band Officer 125519 Enlisted Bandleader 125519 Enlisted Bandleader 125521 Band Drum Major 115523 Instrument Repair Specialist 115526 Musician, Oboe/English Horn 75528 Musician, Bassoon 85534 Musician, Clarinet 805536 Musician, Flute and Piccolo 495537 Musician, Saxophone 595541 Musician, Cornet/Trumpet 1235543 Musician, Baritone Horn/Euphonium 335544 Musician, French Horn 525546 Musician, Trombone 755547 Musician, Tuba and String Bass/Electric Bass 465548 Musician, String Bass/Electric Bass 195563 Musician, Percussion (Drums, Tympani, and Mallets) 635565 Musician, Piano or Guitar 115566 Musician, Guitar 99802 Director/Assistant Director, The President’s Own, U.S.
Marine Band 29803 Staff Officer, The President’s Own, U.S. Marine Band 19803 Staff Officer, The President’s Own, U.S. Marine Band 19805 U.S. Marine Drum & Bugle Corps Officer 19805 U.S. Marine Drum & Bugle Corps Officer 1
Marine Corps Occupations by Occupational Cluster 193
9811 Member, The President’s Own, United States Marine Band 1449812 U.S. Marine Drum & Bugle Corps Member 78
29 Ordnance Specialists
MOC MOC Title Personnel2100 Basic Ordnance Marine 1672131 Towed Artillery Systems Technician 2012181 Senior Ground Ordnance Weapons Chief 362300 Basic Ammunition and Explosive Ordnance Disposal Marine 912311 Ammunition Technician 1,1592336 Explosive Ordnance Disposal Technician 2846500 Basic Aviation Ordnance Marine 96511 Aviation Ordnance Trainee 2606531 Aircraft Ordnance Technician 1,2466541 Aviation Ordnance Systems Technician 9166591 Aviation Ordnance Chief 59
32 Photographic and Audiovisual Specialists
MOC MOC Title Personnel4600 Basic Training and Visual Support Marine 324611 Graphics Specialist 754641 Combat Photographic Specialist 1774671 Combat Motion Media Photographer 1204691 Visual Information Chief 17
34 Pilots and Ship/Submarine Operators
MOC MOC Title Personnel7208 Air Support Control Officer 1397210 Air Defense Control Officer 1227501 Pilot VMA 17507 Pilot VMA 537509 Pilot VMA 3347521 Pilot VMFA 637522 Pilot VMFA 17523 Pilot VMFA 4687541 Pilot VMAQ/VMFP 47543 Pilot VMAQ/VMFP 567545 Pilot VMAQ/VMFP 17556 Pilot VMGR 1237557 Pilot VMGR 1417558 Pilot HMH/M/L/A 97560 Pilot HMH/M/L/A 217561 Pilot HMH/M/L/A 337562 Pilot HMH/M/L/A 7847563 Pilot HMH/M/L/A 2597564 Pilot HMH/M/L/A 1557565 Pilot HMH/M/L/A 416
194 Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
7566 Pilot HMH/M/L/A 4147567 Pilot HMH/M/L/A 177568 Pilot HMH/M/L/A 277598 Basic Fixed Wing Pilot 107599 Flight Student (TBS) 1,087
36 Precision Equipment Repairers
MOC MOC Title Personnel2111 Small Arms Repairer/Technician 1,2472171 Electro-Optical Ordnance Repairer 3972515 ULS Central Office Operator/Maintainer 2732519 Wire Chief 2562800 Basic Data/Communications Maintenance Marine 6562811 Telephone Technician 3392813 Cable Systems Technician 742818 Personal Computer (PC)/Tactical Office Machine Repairer 3702821 Computer Technician 1582822 Electronic Switching Equipment Technician 1162823 Technical Controller 572826 AN/MSC-63A Maintenance Technician 12831 Multichannel Equipment Repairer 2162832 Multichannel Equipment Technician 562834 Ground Mobile Forces SATCOM Technician 492841 Ground Radio Repairer 1,1242861 Radio Technician 3562871 Test Measurement and Diagnostic Equipment Technician 562874 Metrology Technician 442881 Communication Security Equipment Technician 2522885 Artillery Electronic System Repairer 192887 Counter Mortar Radar Repairer 152889 Ground Radar Technician 232891 Data/Communications Maintenance Chief 1125900 Basic Electronics Maintenance Marine 2405942 Aviation Radar Repairer 1305948 Aviation Radar Technician 725952 Air Traffic Control Navigational Aids Technician 1415953 Air Traffic Control Radar Technician 1585954 Air Traffic Control Communications Technician 1625959 Air Traffic Control Systems Maintenance Chief 225962 Tactical Air Command Central Repairer 565963 Tactical Air Operations Central Repairer 855974 Tactical Air Command Central Technician/Systems
Administrator 365979 Tactical Air Operations Central Technician 395993 Electronics Maintenance Chief 86300 Basic Avionics Marine 4406311 Aircraft Communications/Navigation/Electrical/Weapon
Systems Technician-Trainee, OMA 191
Marine Corps Occupations by Occupational Cluster 195
Systems Technician, F/A-18 2806322 Aircraft Communications/Navigation/Electrical
Systems Technician, CH-46 3646323 Aircraft Communications/Navigation/Electrical
Systems Technician, CH-53 4196324 Aircraft Communications/Navigation/Electrical/
Weapon Systems Technician, U/AH-1 4416386 Aircraft Electronic Countermeasures Systems
Technician, EA-6B 796391 Avionics Maintenance Chief 1236412 Aircraft Communications Systems Technician, IMA 1166413 Aircraft Navigation Systems Technician, IFF/RADAR/TACAN,
IMA 2076423 Aviation Electronic Microminiature/Instrument and
Cable Repair Technician, IMA 1046462 Avionics Test Set (ATS) Technician, IMA 756463 Radar Test Station (RTS)/Radar Systems Test Station
(RSTS) Technician, IMA 596464 Aircraft Inertial Navigation System Technician, IMA 476465 Hybrid Test Set Technician, IMA 776466 Aircraft Forward Looking Infrared/Electro-Optical
Technician, IMA 626467 Consolidated Automatic Support System (CASS) Technicians,
IMA 926468 Aircraft Electrical Equipment Test Set (EETS)/Mobile
Electronic Test Set (METS) Technician, IMA 646469 Advanced Automatic Test Equipment Technician, IMA 966482 Aircraft Electronic Countermeasures Systems
Technician, Fixed-Wing, IMA 786483 Aircraft Electronic Countermeasures Systems
Technician, Helicopter, IMA 1326484 Aircraft Electronic Countermeasures Systems/RADCOM/CAT
IIID Technicians, IMA 876485 Advanced Aircraft Electronic Countermeasures
and Repair Technician, IMA 2916493 Aviation Meteorological Equipment Technician, OMA/IMA 52
196 Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
6494 Aviation Logistics Tactical Information Systems (ALTIS)Specialist 92
37 Preventive Maintenance Analysts
MOC MOC Title Personnel0411 Maintenance Management Specialist 9186046 Aircraft Maintenance Administration Clerk 4916047 Aircraft Maintenance Data Analyst/Administrator 5266411 Aircraft Communications/Navigation Systems
Technician-Trainee, IMA 1286414 Advanced Aircraft Communications/Navigation Systems
Technician, IMA 185
38 Public Information Managers and Journalists
MOC MOC Title Personnel4300 Basic Public Affairs Marine 424301 Basic Public Affairs Officer 34302 Public Affairs Officer 1084341 Combat Correspondent 3565702 Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical (NBC) Officer 1037002 Expeditionary Airfield and Emergency Services Officer 37
39 Radar and Sonar Operators
MOC MOC Title Personnel0842 Field Artillery Radar Operator 787234 Air Command and Control Electronics Operator 1327236 Tactical Air Defense Controller 1067242 Air Support Operations Operator 220
Marine Corps Occupations by Occupational Cluster 197
42 Ship Engineers and Air Crew Members
MOC MOC Title Personnel7000 Basic Airfield Services Marines 1197372 First Navigator 717382 Airborne Radio Operator/Inflight Refueling
Observer/Loadmaster ARO/IRO/LM 92
43 Surveyors and Mappers
MOC MOC Title Personnel0261 Topographic Intelligence Specialist 1251361 Engineer Assistant 139
44 Transportation Specialists
MOC MOC Title Personnel0491 Combat Service Support Chief 3313100 Basic Traffic Management Marine 143112 Traffic Management Specialist 545
45 Vehicle Drivers
MOC MOC Title Personnel3500 Basic Motor Transport Marine 3763531 Motor Vehicle Operator 5,1763533 Logistics Vehicle System Operator 1,3653537 Motor Transport Operations Chief 789
46 Weather Personnel
MOC MOC Title Personnel0847 Artillery Meteorological Man 596800 Basic Weather Service Marine 86802 Weather Service Officer 96802 Weather Service Officer 96802 Weather Service Officer 196802 Weather Service Officer 196821 Weather Observer 2046842 Weather Forecaster 104
199
Appendix J
DEFENSE CIVIL SERVICE OCCUPATIONS BYOCCUPATIONAL CLUSTER
2 Administrative, Personnel, and Supply Specialists
MOC MOC Title Personnel21 Community Planning Technician Series 11119 Economics Assistant Series 3203 Personnel Clerical and Assistance Series 3,505204 Military Personnel Clerical and Technician Series 7,325299 Personnel Management Student Trainee Series 30302 Messenger Series 22303 Miscellaneous Clerk and Assistant Series 21,242304 Information Receptionist Series 197305 Mail and File Series 2,708309 Correspondence Clerk Series 52312 Clerk-Stenographer and Reporter Series 41313 Work Unit Supervising Series 9318 Secretary Series 26,739319 Closed Microphone Reporting Series 128322 Clerk-Typist Series 383326 Office Automation Clerical and Assistance Series 8,147342 Support Services Administration Series 1,311344 Management and Program Clerical and Assistance Series 4,069350 Equipment Operator Series 349356 Data Transcriber Series 140357 Coding Series 52359 Electric Accounting Machine Operation Series 1361 Equal Opportunity Assistance Series 166503 Financial Clerical and Assistance Series 2,173525 Accounting Technician Series 10,850530 Cash Processing Series 730540 Voucher Examining Series 1,460544 Civilian Pay Series 829545 Military Pay Series 2,257
200 Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
561 Budget Clerical and Assistance Series 2,790669 Medical Records Administration Series 122675 Medical Records Technician Series 1,186679 Medical Clerk Series 3,6291101 General Business and Industry Series 6,3751106 Procurement Clerical and Technician Series 3,8841107 Property Disposal Clerical and Technician Series 3161152 Production Control Series 4,4691521 Mathematics Technician Series 161530 Statistician Series 1231670 Equipment Specialist Series 6,4282001 General Supply Series 3,2372005 Supply Clerical and Technician Series 12,9062010 Inventory Management Series 4,5542032 Packaging Series 2592050 Supply Cataloging Series 1182091 Sales Store Clerical Series 6,1554754 Cemetery Caretaking 236902 Lumber Handling 26903 Coal Handling 166904 Tools and Parts Attending 2,2246907 Materials Handling 10,8106910 Materials Expediting 8226912 Materials Examining and Identifying 2,4936914 Store Working 4,7156941 Bulk Money Handling 17304 Laundry Working 977305 Laundry Machine Operating 217306 Pressing 277307 Dry Cleaning 57603 Barbering 347641 Beautician 2
3 Aircraft, Automotive, and Electrical Maintanence Specialists
MOC MOC Title Personnel1601 General Facilities and Equipment Series 2,1552805 Electrician 3,8402810 High Voltage Electrician 1,2942854 Electrical Equipment Repairing 7182892 Aircraft Electrician 2,3363725 Battery Repairing 644371 Plaster Pattern Casting 34716 Railroad Car Repairing 134737 General Equipment Mechanic 1644742 Utility Systems Repairing-Operating 8614805 Medical Equipment Repairing 1494806 Office Appliance Repairing 144808 Custodial Equipment Servicing 2
Defense Civil Service Occupations by Occupational Cluster 201
4812 Saw Reconditioning 84819 Bowling Equipment Repairing 224840 Tool and Equipment Repairing 1314844 Bicycle Repairing 34851 Reclamation Working 44855 Domestic Appliance Repairing 195306 Air Conditioning Equipment Mechanic 1,7775309 Heating and Boiler Plant Equipment Mechanic 5835310 Kitchen/Bakery Equipment Repairing 645312 Sewing Machine Repairing 75313 Elevator Mechanic 225323 Oiling and Greasing 595330 Printing Equipment Repairing 45334 Marine Machinery Mechanic 1,6585335 Wind Tunnel Mechanic 25350 Production Machinery Mechanic 5565352 Industrial Equipment Mechanic 1,0715364 Door Systems Mechanic 345365 Physiological Trainer Mechanic 155378 Powered Support Systems Mechanic 2,0795803 Heavy Mobile Equipment Mechanic 9,5055806 Mobile Equipment Servicing 1655823 Automotive Mechanic 4,6535876 Electromotive Equipment Mechanic 837006 Preservation Servicing 1747009 Equipment Cleaning 3428255 Pneudraulic Systems Mechanic 1,5528268 Aircraft Pneudraulic Systems Mechanic 1,4668602 Aircraft Engine Mechanic 4,1028610 Small Engine Mechanic 678675 Liquid Fuel Rocket Engine Mechanic 278810 Aircraft Propeller Mechanic 1428840 Aircraft Mechanical Parts Repairing 7058852 Aircraft Mechanic 11,5548862 Aircraft Attending 3278863 Aircraft Tire Mounting 14
4 Air Traffic Controllers
MOC MOC Title Personnel2152 Air Traffic Control Series 9972154 Air Traffic Assistance Series 219
5 Airplane Navigators
MOC MOC Title Personnel2183 Air Navigation Series 342
202 Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
6 Communications Managers
MOC MOC Title Personnel391 Telecommunications Series 3,975
7 Communications Operators
MOC MOC Title Personnel382 Telephone Operating Series 684390 Telecommunications Processing Series 463392 General Telecommunications Series 556394 Communications Clerical Series 172
8 Computer Systems Specialists
MOC MOC Title Personnel332 Computer Operation Series 1,591334 Computer Specialist Series 24,321335 Computer Clerk and Assistant Series 3,0721550 Computer Science Series 2,536
9 Construction and Engineering Operators
MOC MOC Title Personnel3103 Shoe Repairing 63105 Fabric Working 1,0053106 Upholstering 703111 Sewing Machine Operating 893422 Power Saw Operating 43502 Laboring 2,7573508 Pipeline Working 93546 Railroad Repairing 363602 Cement Finishing 993603 Masonry 3003604 Tile Setting 593605 Plastering 393606 Roofing 1243609 Floor Covering Installing 343610 Insulating 7943611 Glazing 273653 Asphalt Working 333872 Metal Tube Making, Installing, and Repairing 534102 Painting 3,0524103 Paperhanging 64104 Sign Painting 1114204 Pipefitting 3,0594206 Plumbing 9744351 Plastic Molding Equipment Operating 144352 Plastic Fabricating 3554360 Rubber Products Molding 394361 Rubber Equipment Repairing 39
Defense Civil Service Occupations by Occupational Cluster 203
4604 Wood Working 7454605 Wood Crafting 3094607 Carpentry 1,5484616 Patternmaking 494618 Woodworking Machine Operating 44639 Timber Working 434654 Form Block Making 104717 Boat Building and Repairing 514741 General Equipment Operating 144749 Maintenance Mechanic 4,9464816 Protective and Safety Equipment Fabricating and Repair 864818 Aircraft Survival Flight Equipment Repairing 5835210 Rigging 1,6215220 Shipwright 3275221 Lofting 425317 Laundry and Dry Cleaning Equipment Repairing 75318 Lock and Dam Repairing 4685423 Sandblasting 3815704 Fork Lift Operating 6205716 Engineering Equipment Operating 1,4415725 Crane Operating 8935729 Drill Rig Operating 995738 Railroad Maintenance Vehicle Operating 265767 Airfield Clearing Equipment Operating 2015788 Deckhand 2717010 Parachute Packing 7
11 Dental and Pharmacy Specialists
MOC MOC Title Personnel661 Pharmacy Technician Series 457680 Dental Officer Series 49681 Dental Assistant Series 1,438682 Dental Hygiene Series 205683 Dental Laboratory Aide and Technician Series 180
13 Emergency Management and Laboratory Specialists
MOC MOC Title Personnel458 Soil Conservation Technician Series 21311 Physical Science Technician Series 1,1475427 Chemical Plant Operating 705454 Solvent Still Operating 7
14 Environmental Health and Safety Specialists
MOC MOC Title Personnel29 Environmental Protection Assistant Series 320640 Health Aide and Technician Series 2,077698 Environmental Health Technician Series 82
204 Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
895 Industrial Engineering Technician Series 1,2535026 Pest Controlling 367
15 Finance and Accounting Managers
MOC MOC Title Personnel110 Economist Series 276501 Financial Administration and Program Series 4,586505 Financial Management Series 593510 Accounting Series 5,427511 Auditing Series 6,628560 Budget Analysis Series 8,8831160 Financial Analysis Series 61163 Insurance Examining Series 27
16 Firefighters
MOC MOC Title Personnel81 Fire Protection and Prevention Series 8,877
18 Functional Specialty Managers
MOC MOC Title Personnel25 Park Ranger Series 1,62880 Security Administration Series 3,617105 Social Insurance Administration Series 1142 Manpower Development Series 6201 Personnel Management Series 4,344205 Military Personnel Management Series 1,838212 Personnel Staffing Series 1,048221 Position Classification Series 579222 Occupational Analysis Series 29223 Salary and Wage Administration Series 52230 Employee Relations Series 702233 Labor Relations Series 338235 Employee Development Series 513246 Contractor Industrial Relations Series 31260 Equal Employment Opportunity Series 993340 Program Management Series 1,555341 Administrative Officer Series 2,036343 Management and Program Analysis Series 17,138346 Logistics Management Series 10,946360 Equal Opportunity Compliance Series 161102 Contracting Series 19,4981103 Industrial Property Management Series 5761104 Property Disposal Series 6841105 Purchasing Series 2,1141130 Public Utilities Specialist Series 291144 Commissary Store Management Series 1,4211170 Realty Series 1,151
Defense Civil Service Occupations by Occupational Cluster 205
1171 Appraising Series 1401173 Housing Management Series 2,3131176 Building Management Series 1151382 Food Technology Series 381510 Actuary Series 131630 Cemetery Administration Series 51640 Facility Management Series 7161658 Laundry and Dry Cleaning Plant Management Series 141667 Steward Series 541811 Criminal Investigating Series 1,6402003 Supply Program Management Series 4,0942030 Distribution Facilities and Storage Management Series 5562130 Traffic Management Series 1,5162150 Transportation Operations Series 5447402 Baking 567404 Cooking 9607405 Bartending 17407 Meatcutting 1,5227408 Food Service Working 1,9247420 Waiter 16
20 Health, Education and Welfare Workers
MOC MOC Title Personnel60 Chaplain Series 53101 Social Science Series 2,122102 Social Science Aide and Technician Series 103160 Civil Rights Analysis Series 1180 Psychology Series 975181 Psychology Aide and Technician Series 26184 Sociology Series 8185 Social Work Series 877186 Social Services Aide and Assistant Series 400187 Social Services Series 282190 General Anthropology Series 31405 Pharmacology Series 32630 Dietitian and Nutritionist Series 70660 Pharmacist Series 494665 Speech Pathology and Audiology Series 132670 Health System Administration Series 15671 Health System Specialist Series 729673 Hospital Housekeeping Management Series 35904 Law Clerk Series 7905 General Attorney Series 2,3391040 Language Specialist Series 1161046 Language Clerical Series 231221 Patent Adviser Series 111222 Patent Attorney Series 781410 Librarian Series 775
206 Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
1411 Library Technician Series 1,3851412 Technical Information Services Series 3541420 Archivist Series 411421 Archives Technician Series 481701 General Education and Training Series 16,6151702 Education and Training Technician Series 8,2811710 Education and Vocational Training Series 3,2901712 Training Instruction Series 4,0921720 Education Program Series 331740 Education Services Series 1,1491750 Instructional Systems Series 1,465
21 Intelligence Specialists
MOC MOC Title Personnel132 Intelligence Series 2,806134 Intelligence Aide and Clerk Series 224
22 Law Enforcement Specialists
MOC MOC Title Personnel19 Safety Technician Series 17283 Police Series 3,26785 Security Guard Series 2,30186 Security Clerical and Assistance Series 1,1661801 General Inspection, Investigation, and Compliance Series 4341802 Compliance Inspection and Support Series 3911810 General Investigating Series 1,2911812 Game Law Enforcement Series 211890 Customs Inspection Series 81897 Customs Aid Series 8
23 Legal Specialists and Court Reporters
MOC MOC Title Personnel945 Clerk of Court Series 3950 Paralegal Specialist Series 554962 Contact Representative Series 813963 Legal Instruments Examining Series 75967 Passport and Visa Examining Series 8986 Legal Clerical and Assistance Series 743990 General Claims Examining Series 219992 Loss and Damage Claims Examining Series 116995 Dependents and Estates Claims Examining Series 26998 Claims Clerical Series 222999 Legal Occupations Student Trainee Series 61202 Patent Technician Series 1
Defense Civil Service Occupations by Occupational Cluster 207
24 Life Scientists
MOC MOC Title Personnel401 General Biological Science Series 1,666403 Microbiology Series 240408 Ecology Series 139410 Zoology Series 7413 Physiology Series 109414 Entomology Series 45415 Toxicology Series 36430 Botany Series 17435 Plant Physiology Series 1437 Horticulture Series 4454 Rangeland Management Series 11455 Range Technician Series 2457 Soil Conservation Series 14460 Forestry Series 112462 Forestry Technician Series 113470 Soil Science Series 7471 Agronomy Series 32480 General Fish and Wildlife Administration Series 14482 Fishery Biology Series 59486 Wildlife Biology Series 121487 Animal Science Series 2701 Veterinary Medical Science Series 151306 Health Physics Series 310
25 Machinists, Technicians, and Cargo Specialists
MOC MOC Title Personnel351 Printing Clerical Series 682144 Cargo Scheduling Series 502161 Marine Cargo Series 403414 Machining 3,6233416 Toolmaking 4803417 Tool Grinding 313428 Die Sinking 53431 Machine Tool Operating 5073543 Stevedoring 993702 Flame/Arc Cutting 93703 Welding 2,7573707 Metalizing 1143708 Metal Process Working 123711 Electroplating 4653712 Heat Treating 923720 Brazing and Soldering 33722 Cold Working 23727 Buffing and Polishing 113735 Metal Phototransferring 14
208 Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
3741 Furnace Operating 63769 Shot Peening Machine Operating 743802 Metal Forging 393806 Sheet Metal Mechanic 6,6683807 Structural/Ornamental Iron Working 683808 Boilermaking 2983809 Mobile Equipment Metal Mechanic 3983816 Engraving 123818 Springmaking 33819 Airframe Jig Fitting 33820 Shipfitting 1,0323830 Blacksmithing 13858 Metal Tank and Radiator Repairing 613869 Metal Forming Machine Operating 204005 Optical Element Working 44010 Prescription Eyeglass Making 244255 Fuel Distribution Systems Mechanic 1904402 Bindery Working 1664405 Film Assembly-Stripping 104406 Letterpress Operating 24413 Negative Engraving 14414 Offset Photography 404416 Offset Platemaking 54417 Offset Press Operating 1784419 Silk Screen Making and Printing 144602 Blocking and Bracing 2914845 Orthopedic Appliance Repairing 24848 Mechanical Parts Repairing 774850 Bearing Reconditioning 755205 Gas and Radiation Detecting 625384 Gas Dynamic Facility Installing and Repairing 115402 Boiler Plant Operating 1,3165403 Incinerator Operating 185406 Utility Systems Operating 3955407 Electric Power Controlling 5095408 Wastewater Treatment Plant Operating 4055409 Water Treatment Plant Operating 4345413 Fuel Distribution System Operating 1,0205415 Air Conditioning Equipment Operating 785419 Stationary-Engine Operating 215433 Gas Generating Plant Operating 55486 Swimming Pool Operating 116968 Aircraft Freight Loading 1417002 Packing 1,839
26 Medical Service and Medical Care Technicians
MOC MOC Title Personnel404 Biological Science Technician Series 292
Defense Civil Service Occupations by Occupational Cluster 209
603 Physician’s Assistant Series 203621 Nursing Assistant Series 755622 Medical Supply Aide and Technician Series 155625 Autopsy Assistant Series 5642 Nuclear Medicine Technician Series 41644 Medical Technologist Series 903645 Medical Technician Series 585646 Pathology Technician Series 125647 Diagnostic Radiologic Technologist Series 527648 Therapeutic Radiologic Technologist Series 25649 Medical Instrument Technician Series 336704 Animal Health Technician Series 43511 Laboratory Working 173515 Laboratory Support Working 1
27 Musicians and Media Directors
MOC MOC Title Personnel1051 Music Specialist Series 121071 Audiovisual Production Series 551
28 Nondestructive Testers
MOC MOC Title Personnel3705 Nondestructive Testing 8675439 Testing Equipment Operating 57
29 Ordnance Specialists
MOC MOC Title Personnel6502 Explosives Operating 7356505 Munitions Destroying 776511 Missile/Toxic Materials Handling 2836517 Explosives Test Operating 846641 Ordnance Equipment Mechanic 1,0396652 Aircraft Ordnance Systems Mechanic 1,409
30 Nurses and Physical Therapists
MOC MOC Title Personnel188 Recreation Specialist Series 1,314189 Recreation Aide and Assistant Series 2,310610 Nurse Series 4,025620 Practical Nurse Series 1,594631 Occupational Therapist Series 47633 Physical Therapist Series 51636 Rehabilitation Therapy Assistant Series 41638 Recreation/Creative Arts Therapist Series 13651 Respiratory Therapist Series 145664 Restoration Technician Series 1667 Orthotist and Prosthetist Series 41
210 Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
32 Photographic and Audiovisual Specialists
MOC MOC Title Personnel1008 Interior Design Series 811020 Illustrating Series 3811054 Theater Specialist Series 81056 Art Specialist Series 961060 Photography Series 5961386 Photographic Technology Series 143910 Motion Picture Projection 83911 Sound Recording Equipment Operating 53919 Television Equipment Operating 63940 Broadcasting Equipment Operating 93941 Public Address Equipment Operating 89003 Film Assembling and Repairing 59004 Motion Picture Developing/Printing Machine Operating 4
33 Physicians, Surgeons, Optometrists
MOC MOC Title Personnel602 Medical Officer Series 734662 Optometrist Series 22668 Podiatrist Series 12
34 Pilots and Ship/Submarine Operators
MOC MOC Title Personnel1815 Air Safety Investigating Series 81825 Aviation Safety Series 22181 Aircraft Operation Series 2,0195782 Ship Operating 1045784 Riverboat Operating 1135786 Small Craft Operating 152
36 Precision Equipment Repairers
MOC MOC Title Personnel856 Electronics Technician Series 6,6221910 Quality Assurance Series 7,8472502 Telecommunications Mechanic 5492504 Wire Communications Cable Splicing 1182508 Communications Line Installing and Repairing 182602 Electronic Measurement Equipment Mechanic 1,3532604 Electronics Mechanic 7,1412606 Electronic Industrial Controls Mechanic 8402608 Electronic Digital Computer Mechanic 6002610 Electronic Integrated Systems Mechanic 4,0973314 Instrument Making 283359 Instrument Mechanic 8253736 Circuit Board Making 214157 Instrument Dial Painting 1
Defense Civil Service Occupations by Occupational Cluster 211
4804 Locksmithing 2134807 Chemical Equipment Repairing 206605 Artillery Repairing 3616606 Artillery Testing 386610 Small Arms Repairing 3536656 Special Weapons Systems Mechanic 28
37 Preventive Maintenance Analysts
MOC MOC Title Personnel3306 Optical Instrument Repairing 3003364 Projection Equipment Repairing 74839 Film Processing Equipment Repairing 5
38 Public Information Managers and Journalists
MOC MOC Title Personnel20 Community Planning Series 23923 Outdoor Recreation Planning Series 64130 Foreign Affairs Series 152131 International Relations Series 77170 History Series 3591001 General Arts and Information Series 6301010 Exhibits Specialist Series 1221015 Museum Curator Series 1101016 Museum Specialist and Technician Series 1461035 Public Affairs Series 1,6421082 Writing and Editing Series 5911083 Technical Writing and Editing Series 7421084 Visual Information Series 9891087 Editorial Assistance Series 4591654 Printing Management Series 236
39 Radar and Sonar Operators
MOC MOC Title Personnel5235 Test Range Tracking 14
41 Scientists and Engineers
MOC MOC Title Personnel18 Safety and Occupational Health Management Series 2,36528 Environmental Protection Specialist Series 2,377688 Sanitarian Series 7690 Industrial Hygiene Series 622803 Safety Engineering Series 308804 Fire Protection Engineering Series 68806 Materials Engineering Series 723807 Landscape Architecture Series 130808 Architecture Series 936809 Construction Control Series 1,757
212 Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
810 Civil Engineering Series 7,360819 Environmental Engineering Series 2,950828 Construction Analyst Series 1830 Mechanical Engineering Series 8,461840 Nuclear Engineering Series 1,338850 Electrical Engineering Series 2,232854 Computer Engineering Series 1,307855 Electronics Engineering Series 19,094858 Biomedical Engineering Series 45861 Aerospace Engineering Series 3,513871 Naval Architecture Series 738873 Ship Surveying Series 72881 Petroleum Engineering Series 4892 Ceramic Engineering Series 17893 Chemical Engineering Series 664894 Welding Engineering Series 43896 Industrial Engineering Series 1,3461150 Industrial Specialist Series 1,3831310 Physics Series 1,9741313 Geophysics Series 1001315 Hydrology Series 651320 Chemistry Series 1,6231321 Metallurgy Series 871330 Astronomy and Space Science Series 1381360 Oceanography Series 3391515 Operations Research Series 2,7671520 Mathematics Series 1,1641529 Mathematical Statistician Series 741531 Statistical Assistant Series 124
42 Ship Engineers and Air Crew Members
MOC MOC Title Personnel2185 Air Crew Technician Series 1001
43 Surveyors and Mappers
MOC MOC Title Personnel150 Geography Series 70817 Surveying Technician Series 255818 Engineering Drafting Series 2021021 Office Drafting Series 21361 Navigational Information Series 161370 Cartography Series 641371 Cartographic Technician Series 1161372 Geodesy Series 81373 Land Surveying Series 231374 Geodetic Technician Series 17
Defense Civil Service Occupations by Occupational Cluster 213
44 Transportation Specialists
MOC MOC Title Personnel2101 Transportation Specialist Series 8552102 Transportation Clerk and Assistant Series 3,8112131 Freight Rate Series 5322135 Transportation Loss and Damage Claims Examining Series 1362151 Dispatching Series 3885736 Braking-Switching and Conducting 94
45 Vehicle Drivers
MOC MOC Title Personnel5703 Motor Vehicle Operating 4,4125705 Tractor Operating 5575706 Road Sweeper Operating 25
46 Weather Personnel
MOC MOC Title Personnel1340 Meteorology Series 2741341 Meteorological Technician Series 246
215
Appendix K
INDEX OF MILITARY/CIVILIAN SERVICEOCCUPATIONAL CODES AND RAND
OCCUPATIONAL CLUSTERS
This appendix provides cross-reference tables for the military anddefense civil service occupations and occupational clusters we con-structed for this study. The sequence of the index is Army, Navy, AirForce, Marine Corps, and civil service. The first entry in each pair isthe military or civil service occupation code and the second entry isthe code for the corresponding RAND occupational cluster. This in-dex can be used in conjunction with Appendices F through J to findthe cluster containing a specific occupation.
Table K.1
Army Occupational Codes and RAND Occupational Clusters
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246 Characterizing the Future Defense Workforce
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