Predicting Extension Professionals' Climate Change Perceptions

Pine Integrated Network: Education, Mitigation, and Adaptation project (PINEMAP) is a Coordinated Agriculture Project funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture

Predicting Extension Professionals’ Climate Change Perceptions The Six Americas of Extension

Waste to Worth: Spreading Science and Solutions. Denver, CO. April 1-5, 2013

Damian Adams, Martha Monroe, and Richard Plate

Pine Integrated Network: Education, Mitigation, and Adaptation project (PINEMAP) is a Coordinated Agriculture Project funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture

The Problem

• Climate is changing – 97% of climate scientists agree; models are robust and

improving• American public is polarized

– 16% doubtful that global warming is happening – 9% actively fighting any activity that would address

climate change. Leiserowitz et al. 2012

• Climate change a huge challenge to educators:– Issue is complex; causes are invisible– Implications are distant & uncertain; feedback weak– Effective campaign to increase confusion and mistrust Moser

2010

Pine Integrated Network: Education, Mitigation, and Adaptation project (PINEMAP) is a Coordinated Agriculture Project funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture

PINEMAP

• Regional research and Extension project• Improving capacity of Southern pine landowners to

mitigate against and adapt to climate changes• Conveying research results and recommended

management practices will use Extension Service

• Developing materials for Extension agents requires us to know more about their perceptions and beliefs about climate change

Pine Integrated Network: Education, Mitigation, and Adaptation project (PINEMAP) is a Coordinated Agriculture Project funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture

The Questions

• How do Extension professionals in the SE perceive the issue of climate change?– Does their perception vary with program area? State?

Position?• What are the perceptions of limitations to delivering

programs on climate change?• What is needed to implement climate programs?

Pine Integrated Network: Education, Mitigation, and Adaptation project (PINEMAP) is a Coordinated Agriculture Project funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture

Public Perceptions

• Yale and George Mason Universities conducted several national studies on public perceptions of climate change, grouping the respondents into Six Americas:

Pine Integrated Network: Education, Mitigation, and Adaptation project (PINEMAP) is a Coordinated Agriculture Project funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture

Developing Survey

• Used Six Americas questions at the core– Able to compare results; Cannot change wording– Included their definitions of global warming and climate change

• Included questions on Extension programming• Pilot test (n=32) in 4 states. Added comment boxes.• Worked with state Extension Directors• Four reminders to boost response rate• Non-response contacts to assess bias. None.

Pine Integrated Network: Education, Mitigation, and Adaptation project (PINEMAP) is a Coordinated Agriculture Project funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture

State Cooperators

• Fall 2011:– Alabama (Auburn, Alabama A&M, Tuskegee)– Florida (UF and FAMU)– Georgia (UGA)– Mississippi (MSU and Alcorn)– North Carolina (NCSU and NCAT)– Texas (TAMU and Prairie View)– Virginia (VA Tech and VSU)

• Spring 2012:– Louisiana (LSU and Southern University)

Pine Integrated Network: Education, Mitigation, and Adaptation project (PINEMAP) is a Coordinated Agriculture Project funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture

Response Rates

Study Area Total Response Total Population Response Rate

AL 234 375 62.4%

FL 489 764 64.0%

GA 296 372 79.6%

LA 340 574 59.2%

MS 331 428 77.3%

NC 444 637 69.7%

TX 354 570 62.1%

VA 270 413 65.4%

All 8 States 2,758 4,133 66.7%

Pine Integrated Network: Education, Mitigation, and Adaptation project (PINEMAP) is a Coordinated Agriculture Project funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture

We Are Six Americas, Too

Alarmed Concerned Cautious Disengaged Doubtful Dismissive0

5

10

15

20

25

30

U.S. (n=1000)

Southeast Extension (n=2589)

Delivery-Yes (n=2372)

As a whole, Extension professionals mirror the general public in perceptions of climate change.

Note: US data from Leiserowitz et al. (2012)

Pine Integrated Network: Education, Mitigation, and Adaptation project (PINEMAP) is a Coordinated Agriculture Project funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture

MS (n=279)

TX (n=339)

AL (n=215)

LA (n=243)

GA (n=279)

All (n=2372)

VA (n=233)

NC (n=353)

FL (n=431)

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

DismissiveDoubtfulDisengagedCautiousConcernedAlarmed

Perceptions Differ by State

Pine Integrated Network: Education, Mitigation, and Adaptation project (PINEMAP) is a Coordinated Agriculture Project funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture

And by Political Identity

V. Cons. (n=194) Cons. (n=843) Neutral (n=843) Liberal (n=301) V. Lib. (n=50)0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

DismissiveDoubtfulDisengagedConcernedCautiousAlarmed

Note: All groups are different from all others—chi-square p<0.05

Pine Integrated Network: Education, Mitigation, and Adaptation project (PINEMAP) is a Coordinated Agriculture Project funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture

And by Primary Program Area

Ag_Live (n=253)

Ag_Crops (n=369)

Sup/ Admin

(n=121)

All (n=2372)

FH_Lead, FH_Oth (n=471)

Hort_Com, Hort_Oth (n=374)

NR_Mar, NR_For,

NR_Wood, Aqua

(n=141)

ComEcDev, FCS_Oth

(n=203)

FCS_FNH (n=324)

NR_Fresh, NR_EE, NR_Oth (n=98)

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

DismissiveDoubtfulDisengagedCautiousConcernedAlarmed

Pine Integrated Network: Education, Mitigation, and Adaptation project (PINEMAP) is a Coordinated Agriculture Project funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture

Regression Model ResultsSE AL FL GA LA MS NC TX VA

Constant Constant +*** +*** +*** +*** +*** +*** +*** +*** +***Gender Female -*** -*** -*** -*** -*Age 21-30 +*** +*** +*

31-40 +** +** +**51-60 +***61-70 and 70 or older -* -**

Education Bachelor's -** -* -*Doctoral -**

Politics V. Conservative +*** +*** +*** +** +*** +*** +*** +*** +***Conservative +*** +*** +*** +*** +** +*** +*** +** +***Liberal -*** -*** -** -** -*** -** -***V. Liberal -*** -** -** -***

Years in Ext. < 1 -*** -* -**1-5 -*** -***6-10 -*** -**11-15 -**26-30 -** -**> 30 -** -*

Role XAdminXFac +* +*XProg +***NXAdminNXOther +**

Pine Integrated Network: Education, Mitigation, and Adaptation project (PINEMAP) is a Coordinated Agriculture Project funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture

Regression Model Results – cont’d

SE AL FL GA LA MS NC TX VAScale County/Parish -* -**

State -*** -** -** -***

Mult States/Other -*** -** -** -*** -**

Density All rural

More rural -*

More urban +*** +***

All urban -*

Location Coastal -*** -* -** -* -**

Inland -*** -** -* -** -*** -*** -***

CC program involvement

Developed -*** -*** -*** -** -*** -**

Participated in -*** -*** -*

Primary area Ag crops and business/mgt -** -* -*

Nat Res - marine, wildlife, forestry, wood, aquaculture

-*

Nat Res - env ed, fr water, other -*** -** -*** -*

4H -*** -** -**Family Comm - nutrition/health -*** -*** -** -**

Comm Econ Dev, Family Comm – other

-*

Hort - cmrl & other, Ag - other, Pests -*** -*

Program support/admin -** -*

Sub area* role Nat Res - forestry, wood - all roles +** +*

Pine Integrated Network: Education, Mitigation, and Adaptation project (PINEMAP) is a Coordinated Agriculture Project funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture

Regression Model ResultsSE AL FL GA LA MS NC TX VA

Constant Constant 3.93*** 4.02*** 3.63*** 4.43*** 4.41*** 4.02*** 3.91*** 4.7*** 3.0***Gender Female -0.39*** -0.36*** -0.69*** -0.52*** -0.41*Age 21-30 0.34*** 0.8*** 0.64*

31-40 0.19** 0.44** 0.52**51-60 0.66***61-70 and 70 or older -0.89* 0.98**

Education Bachelor's -0.37** -0.5* -1.0*Doctoral -0.37**

Politics V. Conservative 1.45*** 1.51*** 1.78*** 0.72** 0.78*** 1.58*** 1.34*** 1.05*** 1.28***Conservative 0.89*** 1.12*** 1.2*** 0.73*** 0.36** 0.81*** 0.84*** 0.46** 0.91***Liberal -0.71*** -0.57*** -0.83** -0.74** -0.5*** -0.88** -0.97***V. Liberal -0.97*** -0.73** -1.97** -1.16***

Years in Ext. < 1 -0.59*** -0.71* -0.88**1-5 -0.33*** -0.58***6-10 -0.3*** -0.48**11-15 -0.18**26-30 -0.24** -0.55**> 30 -0.31** -0.75*

Role XAdminXFac 0.5* 0.72*XProg 0.74***NXAdminNXOther 0.76**

Pine Integrated Network: Education, Mitigation, and Adaptation project (PINEMAP) is a Coordinated Agriculture Project funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture

Regression Model Results – cont’d

SE AL FL GA LA MS NC TX VAScale County/Parish -0.46* 0.49**

State -0.44*** -0.63** -0.79** -1.59***

Mult States/Other -0.74*** -0.65** -1.01** -2.29*** -0.94**

Density All rural

More rural 0.46*

More urban -0.73*** 1.1***

All urban -0.66*

Location Coastal -0.45*** -0.3* -0.56** -0.5* -0.73**

Inland -0.36*** -0.6** -0.26* -0.68** -0.74*** -0.48*** -0.52***

CC program involvement

Developed -0.52*** -0.88*** -0.69*** -0.65** -0.96*** -0.5**

Participated in -0.26*** -0.82*** -0.4*

Primary area Ag crops and business/mgt -0.23** -0.52* -0.51*

Nat Res - marine, wildlife, forestry, wood, aquaculture

-0.27*

Nat Res - env ed, fr water, other -0.56*** -1.96** -1.13*** -1.17*

4H -0.42*** -0.9** -0.61**Family Comm - nutrition/health -0.58*** -1.42*** -0.85** -0.69**

Comm Econ Dev, Family Comm – other

-0.23*

Hort - cmrl & other, Ag - other, Pests -0.35*** -0.61*

Program support/admin -0.35** -1*

Sub area* role Nat Res - forestry, wood - all roles 0.28** 0.79*

Pine Integrated Network: Education, Mitigation, and Adaptation project (PINEMAP) is a Coordinated Agriculture Project funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture

Convert a barrier to opportunity

• Homophily – the tendency to listen to people who share your values and beliefs – restricts the flow of new information– People confirm what they already know, and reject what doesn’t

match – Moser 2010

– Network of change agent/educators who match the American public and can convey climate information across these audiences?

• Educators reflect the American public, deliver science-based programs in every county, are trusted by their audiences, in part because they are similar

• Could effective in-service training and institutional support enable them to become effective climate educators for their portion of the public?

Pine Integrated Network: Education, Mitigation, and Adaptation project (PINEMAP) is a Coordinated Agriculture Project funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture

Review of Respondent Comments: Concerned and Alarmed

• Likely to be heard only by other concerned and alarmed people

• Can use the few conservatives to reach across gaps• Need to learn how to communicate with people who are

not as concerned by understanding their perspectives• Can address mitigation and adaptation with other

concerned folks

Pine Integrated Network: Education, Mitigation, and Adaptation project (PINEMAP) is a Coordinated Agriculture Project funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture

Comments: Cautious, Disengaged, Doubtful

• Need to see the relevance to their program area• Need to see there are some solutions and reasonable

actions• Can they overcome personal beliefs and doubts and be

effective communicators to other cautious and disengaged people?

• Focus on adaptation solutions to climate uncertainty—sea level and agriculture challenges

Pine Integrated Network: Education, Mitigation, and Adaptation project (PINEMAP) is a Coordinated Agriculture Project funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture

Comments: Dismissive

• Most challenging because they are convinced the science is wrong, and have a lot of facts to support their opinions

• May also take a faith in God as a reason to avoid responsibility

• Need to find trusted scientists• Need institutional leadership• May need a process that engages them in exploration to

empower understanding• Focus on energy conservation, renewable resources,

stewardship, vulnerable populations

Pine Integrated Network: Education, Mitigation, and Adaptation project (PINEMAP) is a Coordinated Agriculture Project funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture

Some Suggestions

• Could launch state programs that– Make clear their leadership and support– Engage teams of faculty to develop ISTs that answer their

questions– Provide information on local impacts and practical

solutions• Will need to develop a training program that

– Provides a solid foundation about climate – Builds skills in communication and facilitation– Acknowledges values and beliefs– Rebuilds trust in science

Pine Integrated Network: Education, Mitigation, and Adaptation project (PINEMAP) is a Coordinated Agriculture Project funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture

Thank YouDamian C. [email protected] C. [email protected]

Pine Integrated Network: Education, Mitigation, and Adaptation project (PINEMAP) is a Coordinated Agriculture Project funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture

Summary Statistics Category Variable SESix Am. Segment 3.19 (1.48)

Gender Female 0.49 (0.48)

Age 21-30 0.09 (0.27)

31-40 0.22 (0.4)

51-60 0.35 (0.46)

61-70 and 70 or older 0.09 (0.28)

Education Bachelor's 0.06 (0.22)

Doctoral 0.25 (0.42)

Politics V. Conservative 0.09 (0.27)Conservative 0.37 (0.46)

Liberal 0.13 (0.32)

V. Liberal 0.02 (0.14)

Years in Ext. < 1 0.04 (0.18)

1-5 0.22 (0.4)

6-10 0.18 (0.37)

11-15 0.17 (0.37)

26-30 0.08 (0.26)

> 30 0.07 (0.25)

Role XAdmin 0.06 (0.24)

XFac 0.22 (0.41)

XProg 0.08 (0.27)

NXAdmin 0.03 (0.16)

NXOther 0.07 (0.26)

Category Variable SEScale County/Parish 0.54 (0.5)

State 0.23 (0.42)

Mult States/Other 0.06 (0.23)

Density All rural 0.26 (0.43)

More rural 0.35 (0.46)

More urban 0.14 (0.33)

All urban 0.05 (0.21)

Location Coastal 0.15 (0.26)

Inland 0.66 (0.35)

CC program involvement

Developed 0.13 (0.33)

Participated in 0.22 (0.41)

Primary area Ag crops and business/mgt 0.15 (0.36)

Nat Res - marine, wildlife, forestry, wood, aquaculture

0.06 (0.23)

Nat Res - env ed, fr water, other 0.04 (0.19)

4H 0.19 (0.39)Family Commun - nutrition/health

0.13 (0.34)

Community Econ Dev, Family Commun - other

0.08 (0.28)

Hort - commercial & other, Ag - other, Pests

0.15 (0.35)

Program support/admin 0.09 (0.29)

Sub area*role Nat Res - forestry, wood - all roles

0.06 (0.21)

Pine Integrated Network: Education, Mitigation, and Adaptation project (PINEMAP) is a Coordinated Agriculture Project funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture

Summary Statistics SE AL FL GA LA MS NC TX VA

Six Am. Segment 3.19 (1.48) 3.47 (1.62) 2.55 (1.44) 3.29 (1.53) 3.29 (1.31) 3.74 (1.58) 3.04 (1.42) 3.58 (1.55) 2.94 (1.48)

Gender Female 0.49 (0.48) 0.43 (0.5) 0.47 (0.5) 0.4 (0.49) 0.51 (0.5) 0.5 (0.5) 0.66 (0.47) 0.46 (0.5) 0.45 (0.5)

Age 21-30 0.09 (0.27) 0.06 (0.24) 0.05 (0.22) 0.08 (0.27) 0.08 (0.27) 0.1 (0.3) 0.1 (0.31) 0.14 (0.35) 0.08 (0.28)

31-40 0.22 (0.4) 0.18 (0.39) 0.2 (0.4) 0.19 (0.39) 0.18 (0.39) 0.29 (0.46) 0.2 (0.4) 0.26 (0.44) 0.25 (0.44)

51-60 0.35 (0.46) 0.34 (0.48) 0.4 (0.49) 0.34 (0.47) 0.4 (0.49) 0.32 (0.47) 0.38 (0.48) 0.25 (0.44) 0.31 (0.46)

61-70 and 70 or older 0.09 (0.28) 0.13 (0.34) 0.14 (0.35) 0.06 (0.24) 0.12 (0.32) 0.06 (0.24) 0.07 (0.26) 0.06 (0.24) 0.09 (0.29)

Education Bachelor's 0.06 (0.22) 0 (0) 0.06 (0.24) 0 (0) 0.12 (0.33) 0.01 (0.08) 0.16 (0.37) 0.04 (0.18) 0.02 (0.13)

Doctoral 0.25 (0.42) 0.31 (0.47) 0.44 (0.5) 0.26 (0.44) 0.28 (0.45) 0.28 (0.45) 0.09 (0.29) 0.06 (0.24) 0.31 (0.46)

Politics V. Conservative 0.09 (0.27) 0.1 (0.3) 0.05 (0.22) 0.12 (0.32) 0.08 (0.27) 0.17 (0.37) 0.06 (0.23) 0.1 (0.29) 0.04 (0.2)

Conservative 0.37 (0.46) 0.34 (0.48) 0.22 (0.41) 0.44 (0.5) 0.46 (0.5) 0.44 (0.5) 0.34 (0.48) 0.5 (0.5) 0.29 (0.45)

Liberal 0.13 (0.32) 0.12 (0.33) 0.25 (0.44) 0.09 (0.29) 0.1 (0.29) 0.08 (0.26) 0.17 (0.37) 0.06 (0.25) 0.14 (0.35)

V. Liberal 0.02 (0.14) 0.03 (0.18) 0.04 (0.2) 0.01 (0.08) 0.01 (0.12) 0.01 (0.1) 0.02 (0.15) 0.01 (0.1) 0.04 (0.19)

Years in Ext. < 1 0.04 (0.18) 0.04 (0.19) 0.03 (0.18) 0 (0) 0.03 (0.18) 0.06 (0.24) 0.04 (0.18) 0.03 (0.18) 0.06 (0.24)

1-5 0.22 (0.4) 0.16 (0.36) 0.24 (0.43) 0.16 (0.37) 0.25 (0.43) 0.26 (0.44) 0.21 (0.4) 0.27 (0.44) 0.17 (0.38)

6-10 0.18 (0.37) 0.13 (0.34) 0.21 (0.41) 0.15 (0.35) 0.15 (0.36) 0.15 (0.36) 0.19 (0.4) 0.19 (0.39) 0.25 (0.43)

11-15 0.17 (0.37) 0.17 (0.38) 0.16 (0.36) 0.2 (0.4) 0.13 (0.33) 0.2 (0.4) 0.17 (0.38) 0.19 (0.39) 0.18 (0.38)

26-30 0.08 (0.26) 0.09 (0.29) 0.08 (0.27) 0.14 (0.35) 0.08 (0.26) 0.06 (0.24) 0.08 (0.28) 0.06 (0.24) 0.05 (0.21)

> 30 0.07 (0.25) 0.13 (0.34) 0.1 (0.29) 0.06 (0.24) 0.16 (0.37) 0.03 (0.17) 0.04 (0.19) 0.06 (0.24) 0.03 (0.18)

Role XAdmin 0.06 (0.24) 0.08 (0.27) 0.06 (0.23) 0.04 (0.19) 0.04 (0.19) 0.08 (0.27) 0.14 (0.35) 0.01 (0.08) 0.03 (0.17)

XFac 0.22 (0.41) 0.3 (0.46) 0.32 (0.47) 0.27 (0.44) 0.22 (0.42) 0.25 (0.44) 0.08 (0.28) 0.01 (0.11) 0.32 (0.47)

XProg 0.08 (0.27) 0.03 (0.18) 0.06 (0.23) 0.01 (0.08) 0.09 (0.29) 0.1 (0.3) 0.14 (0.35) 0.08 (0.27) 0.07 (0.25)

NXAdmin 0.03 (0.16) 0.03 (0.18) 0.03 (0.16) 0.02 (0.14) 0.03 (0.16) 0.02 (0.15) 0.01 (0.12) 0 (0) 0.07 (0.26)

NXOther 0.07 (0.26) 0.02 (0.13) 0.07 (0.25) 0.01 (0.08) 0.16 (0.37) 0.1 (0.3) 0.14 (0.34) 0.01 (0.12) 0.02 (0.15)

Pine Integrated Network: Education, Mitigation, and Adaptation project (PINEMAP) is a Coordinated Agriculture Project funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture

Summary Statistics – cont’dSE AL FL GA LA MS NC TX VA

Scale County/Parish 0.54 (0.5) 0.21 (0.41) 0.52 (0.5) 0.5 (0.5) 0.42 (0.49) 0.31 (0.46) 0.84 (0.36) 0.91 (0.28) 0.35 (0.48)

State 0.23 (0.42) 0.33 (0.47) 0.27 (0.44) 0.24 (0.43) 0.32 (0.47) 0.38 (0.49) 0.08 (0.27) 0.01 (0.08) 0.32 (0.47)

Mult States/Other 0.06 (0.23) 0.08 (0.27) 0.11 (0.32) 0.06 (0.25) 0.04 (0.21) 0.05 (0.23) 0.01 (0.12) 0 (0) 0.08 (0.27)

Density All rural 0.26 (0.43) 0.24 (0.43) 0.13 (0.33) 0.37 (0.48) 0.22 (0.41) 0.21 (0.41) 0.32 (0.47) 0.38 (0.49) 0.29 (0.45)

More rural 0.35 (0.46) 0.42 (0.49) 0.31 (0.46) 0.27 (0.44) 0.36 (0.48) 0.5 (0.5) 0.37 (0.48) 0.27 (0.45) 0.34 (0.48)

More urban 0.14 (0.33) 0.11 (0.31) 0.24 (0.43) 0.13 (0.33) 0.14 (0.34) 0.06 (0.24) 0.13 (0.34) 0.13 (0.34) 0.12 (0.33)

All urban 0.05 (0.21) 0.03 (0.16) 0.06 (0.24) 0.08 (0.28) 0.06 (0.23) 0.01 (0.08) 0.02 (0.14) 0.07 (0.25) 0.06 (0.23)

Location Coastal 0.15 (0.26) 0.05 (0.21) 0.39 (0.49) 0.02 (0.16) 0.16 (0.36) 0.02 (0.15) 0.11 (0.31) 0.1 (0.3) 0.18 (0.39)

Inland 0.66 (0.35) 0.66 (0.47) 0.34 (0.48) 0.78 (0.42) 0.68 (0.47) 0.61 (0.49) 0.84 (0.37) 0.89 (0.31) 0.59 (0.49)

CC program involvement

Developed 0.13 (0.33) 0.14 (0.34) 0.2 (0.4) 0.13 (0.34) 0.12 (0.32) 0.08 (0.28) 0.1 (0.31) 0.13 (0.34) 0.15 (0.35)

Participated in 0.22 (0.41) 0.26 (0.44) 0.33 (0.47) 0.32 (0.47) 0.17 (0.38) 0.16 (0.37) 0.15 (0.35) 0.17 (0.37) 0.22 (0.41)

Primary area Ag crops and business/mgt 0.15 (0.36) 0.13 (0.34) 0.15 (0.36) 0.27 (0.44) 0.15 (0.36) 0.14 (0.34) 0.1 (0.31) 0.15 (0.36) 0.13 (0.34)

Nat Res - marine, wildlife, forestry, wood, aquaculture

0.06 (0.23) 0.12 (0.32) 0.09 (0.29) 0.01 (0.08) 0.08 (0.27) 0.08 (0.26) 0.01 (0.08) 0.02 (0.15) 0.07 (0.26)

Nat Res - env ed, fr water, other 0.04 (0.19) 0.02 (0.13) 0.09 (0.28) 0.03 (0.18) 0.04 (0.21) 0.03 (0.18) 0.01 (0.12) 0.02 (0.15) 0.04 (0.21)

4H 0.19 (0.39) 0.2 (0.4) 0.13 (0.34) 0.2 (0.4) 0.24 (0.42) 0.18 (0.39) 0.19 (0.39) 0.19 (0.39) 0.24 (0.43)

Family Commun - nutrition/health 0.13 (0.34) 0.1 (0.3) 0.08 (0.26) 0.1 (0.31) 0.14 (0.35) 0.08 (0.27) 0.16 (0.37) 0.31 (0.46) 0.08 (0.27)

Community Econ Dev, Family Commun - other

0.08 (0.28) 0.16 (0.37) 0.06 (0.24) 0.03 (0.18) 0.03 (0.17) 0.18 (0.38) 0.11 (0.31) 0.03 (0.17) 0.09 (0.29)

Hort - commercial & other, Ag - other, Pests

0.15 (0.35) 0.11 (0.31) 0.24 (0.42) 0.18 (0.39) 0.09 (0.28) 0.09 (0.29) 0.19 (0.39) 0.06 (0.25) 0.16 (0.37)

Program support/admin 0.09 (0.29) 0.08 (0.27) 0.1 (0.3) 0.05 (0.22) 0.11 (0.32) 0.12 (0.32) 0.19 (0.39) 0.01 (0.11) 0.05 (0.21)

Sub area*role Nat Res - forestry, wood - all roles 0.06 (0.21) 0.09 (0.29) 0.04 (0.19) 0.04 (0.21) 0 (0) 0.13 (0.34) 0.05 (0.21) 0.01 (0.08) 0.05 (0.22)

Pine Integrated Network: Education, Mitigation, and Adaptation project (PINEMAP) is a Coordinated Agriculture Project funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture

Coastal Location Matters

All (n=2372) Serving Coastal (n=208)

Serving Inland (n=894) Serving Both (n=268)0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

DismissiveDoubtfulDisengagedCautiousConcernedAlarmed

* Different from all other categories; Chi-square, p<0.01

Pine Integrated Network: Education, Mitigation, and Adaptation project (PINEMAP) is a Coordinated Agriculture Project funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture

All (n=237

2)

21-30 (n=217)

31-40 (n=538)

41-50 (n=585)

51-60 (n=792)

>60 (n=199)

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Dismissive

Doubtful

Disengaged

Concerned

Cautious

Alarmed

Six Americas by Age and Education for Program Deliverers

Less

than

Bac

helo

r's (n

=71)

Bache

rs o

r Mas

ter's

(n=16

78)

Beyon

d Mas

ter's

(n=58

7)0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

DismissiveDoubtfulDisengagedCautiousConcernedAlarmed

* Different from all other categories; Chi-square, p<0.01

Pine Integrated Network: Education, Mitigation, and Adaptation project (PINEMAP) is a Coordinated Agriculture Project funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture

Agents and Specialists Differ

All Ext. Agent (n=1448)

Ext. Spec. (n=545)

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

DismissiveDoubtfulDisengagedCautiousConcernedAlarmed

Pine Integrated Network: Education, Mitigation, and Adaptation project (PINEMAP) is a Coordinated Agriculture Project funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture

Natural Resources Ag Livestock and Crops

NR and Ag program faculty differ

• Respondents are significantly different from all other groups

• More likely to be Alarmed and Concerned

• More likely to have PhD, work on coast, be liberal, be state specialist

• Respondents are significantly different from other groups

• More likely to be Dismissive, Doubtful

• More men, more agents, more conservative, fewer PhDs, work inland

Pine Integrated Network: Education, Mitigation, and Adaptation project (PINEMAP) is a Coordinated Agriculture Project funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture

FL Example: And yet…

• 65% have never attended an IST on climate

• But 53% are somewhat willing; 32% are very willing to do so

• 18% don’t know if global warming is happening (76 respondents)

• 41% agree “the scientific community has a political agenda” (145 respondents/358)

• 82% need more information to make up their minds (352/431)