Predicting effects of continued deforestation on small mammals: a ...

Predicting effects of continued deforestation on small mammals: a multi-assemblage

approach in the Atlantic Forest of Paraguay

Noé U. De La Sancha1,2, and Sarah Boyle3

[email protected]@csu.edu

(1) Chicago State University, Chicago, IL, EEUU(2) The Field Museum, Chicago, IL, EEUU(3) Rhodes College, Memphis TN, EEUU

[email protected]

https://chicagostate.academia.edu/NoeDeLaSanchahttps://www.researchgate.net/profile/Noe_De_La_Sancha

Questions

• What are the consequences of the current deforestation?

• What will happen in the future?

• H1: Test Species Area Relationships in Paraguay.

• H2: Species loss in remnants is proportional to area loss.

Species-Area Relationship (SAR)

Methods

-# Spp-Patch Size-Trapping Effort

Forest Remnants Used

Shapefile created by Oscar Rodas de Guyra Paraguay with Landsat of 2008.

2013 Expedition Reserva Tapytá, Dept. Caazapá

Remnants from 2008

46,000+ remnants in shapefileCreated by Guyra Paraguay

Why Mice and Marsupials?

• Small

• High Diversity

• High Reproductive Rates

• Limited Dispersal (Pires et al., 2002; Pardini, 2004; Umetsu and Pardini, 2007; Umetsu et al., 2008)

• Sensitive to Deforestation

• Endemics

Summary Trapping

• 4 traps each station

• 24 stations per line

• 4 lines per grid

• 8 night of trapping

• 10 grids

• 30,720 trapnights/remnant

• 11x8x10= 880 pitfall trapnights

• TOTAL= 31,600 per remnant

Species Identification

• Morphology

eg. Akodon

Species Identification

• Morphology

eg. Akodon

• Cytochrome b gene ~ 800 pb

New Species Records for Paraguay

• Marsupials (de la Sancha et al. 2007, 2012; Voss et al. 2009, de la Sancha and D’Elia 2015).

• Rodents (D’Elía et al. 2008; de la Sancha et al. 2009a, 2011; Percequillo et al. 2008, Timm et al. 2016).

• Bats (Stevens et al. 2010).

• Lagomorphs (de la Sancha et al. 2009b).

• Armadillo (Smith et al. 2011).

• Among others in press or preparation.

Datasets

• Entire Assemblage

• Endemic Species

• Forest Species

Results

Conclusions

• There is hope! Small forest remnants are valuable.

• We did not see complete mass extinctions of small mammal fauna.

• Perhaps we have not found the critical minimum remnant size. However, it is small.

• Largest forest remnants are the most sensitive to deforestation.

• Our methods is valuable to finding richness "hotspots" in the region.

• BUT... 2013 data showed small remnants -> high stress -> high parasite load -> zoonotic disease potential

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Questions?Answers

Suggestions!

Advice!

Acknowledge: Texas TechJorge Salazar-BravoRobert Baker and Heath GardnerTina DelaHuntyJane Bell

LA LATIN MAFIAHugo MantillaCarlitos Dick Nicte Ordonez Juan Pablo CarreraBryan ReeceDavid RodriguezFaisal AnwaraeliMolly and Adam FergusonRaquel MarchanJohn HartingCibeli CiaoLiz SilesBecky RoperSergio SolariChris HigginsChris BlockTyla HolsombachMatt Campbell Cody ThompsonMyriam Venegas

Every member or Dr. Baker and Bradley’s lab for the past 6 years

Pat Moore Judy EasterwoodLanita LaddCarol Espinoza

Richard StevensCelia Lopez-GonzalezSteve Presley

Paraguayoite: Todos los voluntariosPastor PérezMaría Luisa (Malu) Ortiz Lourdes ValdezJulio TorresCarlos MolinaMario MaldonadoNatha MujicaFlavia NettoMirta Ruiz

Fundacion Moises BertoniFredy Ramirez Sixto Fernandez Myriam VelasquezRene PalaciosDon Tito Guardaparques Mbaracayu

Guyra ParaguayAlberto YanoskyOscar RodasPepe CartesGuardaparques San Rafael

Reserva MorombiVictor VeraAbilio RamirezDerlis

Itaipu BinacionalNelson PerezGuardaparques Limoy

Special thanks to:John Zak Richard StraussNancy McIntyreBruce PattersonGuillermo D’EliaTom Husband (URI)

Funding/Support:FulbrightFord Foundation Post Doc Mary Rice FoundationField MuseumLewis and Clark FoundationTTU Biological Department:Michelle Knapp AwardKnox Jones AwardDepartmental RAAmerican Society of MammalogistsUniversity of Rhode Island’s Regional Conservation Genetics labRhode Island Genomics and Sequencing Center

Mis Padres, Lalo, y Anais

Shaynita Harris