Top Banner
Abigail Dwire
25

Predator/Prey Dynamics: Methodology for surveying the coyote population on the Smith Island Complex

Jul 18, 2015

Download

Science

BHIConservancy
Welcome message from author
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
Page 1: Predator/Prey Dynamics: Methodology for surveying the coyote population on the Smith Island Complex

Abigail  Dwire  

Page 2: Predator/Prey Dynamics: Methodology for surveying the coyote population on the Smith Island Complex

¡  Important  to  our  predator/prey  monitoring  program  

¡  Start  watching  for  population  trends  

¡  Interested  in  movement  between  islands  in  the  Complex  

¡  Effects  of  coyotes  on  other  predator  species  

Page 3: Predator/Prey Dynamics: Methodology for surveying the coyote population on the Smith Island Complex

¡  Historically  occupied  the  Midwest  

 ¡  Expansion  into  NC  and  arrival  at  the  SIC  

 

Page 4: Predator/Prey Dynamics: Methodology for surveying the coyote population on the Smith Island Complex
Page 5: Predator/Prey Dynamics: Methodology for surveying the coyote population on the Smith Island Complex

¡  Approx.  2  ft.  at  the  shoulder,  20  to  45  lbs.  ¡  Travel  up  to  ~12  mi/day  

§  Solo  or  in  family  groups  § Mate  for  life  

¡  Nocturnal  ¡  Territorial  ¡  Diet:  Omnivorous  

§  Rodents,  rabbits,  woodchucks,  birds,  deer,  lizards,  snakes,  insects,  and  fruit  

Page 6: Predator/Prey Dynamics: Methodology for surveying the coyote population on the Smith Island Complex

¡  Invasive  ¡  Noninvasive  

Noninvasive  sampling  techniques:  ¡  Scent-­‐tracking  dogs  ¡  Track  plates  ¡  Scat  surveys  ¡  Remote  cameras  ¡  Hair  snares  

Page 7: Predator/Prey Dynamics: Methodology for surveying the coyote population on the Smith Island Complex
Page 8: Predator/Prey Dynamics: Methodology for surveying the coyote population on the Smith Island Complex

 ¡  Choosing  sites:  

§  Looking  for  game  trails,  tracks,  and  other  evidence  

§  Google  earth    ¡  12  hair  snare  sites  total  §  8  of  these  with  cameras  

Page 9: Predator/Prey Dynamics: Methodology for surveying the coyote population on the Smith Island Complex
Page 10: Predator/Prey Dynamics: Methodology for surveying the coyote population on the Smith Island Complex

Tracks  

Scat   Dens  

Kills  

Page 11: Predator/Prey Dynamics: Methodology for surveying the coyote population on the Smith Island Complex
Page 12: Predator/Prey Dynamics: Methodology for surveying the coyote population on the Smith Island Complex

360°  DESIGN   TOP  VIEW  

Page 13: Predator/Prey Dynamics: Methodology for surveying the coyote population on the Smith Island Complex

¡  Sprayed  posts  with  coyote  urine  every  4  days  

¡  After  initial  spraying,  checked  posts  for  hair  before  spraying  again  §  Spraying  depended  largely  on  weather  

Page 14: Predator/Prey Dynamics: Methodology for surveying the coyote population on the Smith Island Complex

¡  Placed  game  cameras  approx.  8  to  15  feet  from  hair  snares  

¡  ReconyxTM  HyperFireTM’s  HC550  White  Flash  LED  Digital  Game  Camera  §  Flash  range:  30  feet  §  Day-­‐time  color  images  §  Took  3  instant  pictures  every  time  it  sensed  movement  

Page 15: Predator/Prey Dynamics: Methodology for surveying the coyote population on the Smith Island Complex
Page 16: Predator/Prey Dynamics: Methodology for surveying the coyote population on the Smith Island Complex

¡  Recorded  time,  location  of  post,  location  of  sample  on  post,  how  much  hair  per  sample,  and  other  notes  i.e.  noticeable  tracks  

¡  Collected  samples  with  tweezers,  placed  into  plastic  bag  

¡  Send  samples  to  lab  

Page 17: Predator/Prey Dynamics: Methodology for surveying the coyote population on the Smith Island Complex

¡ Looked  at  SD  cards  after  4  days  

Page 18: Predator/Prey Dynamics: Methodology for surveying the coyote population on the Smith Island Complex

¡  Collected  8  samples  total  

Page 19: Predator/Prey Dynamics: Methodology for surveying the coyote population on the Smith Island Complex

SHOAL’S  POINT  7/23/14   NEAR  BLUFF  POND  7/28/14  

Page 20: Predator/Prey Dynamics: Methodology for surveying the coyote population on the Smith Island Complex

Deer   Rodents  

Raccoon  

Page 21: Predator/Prey Dynamics: Methodology for surveying the coyote population on the Smith Island Complex

¡  Challenges:    § Weather  matters  §  Very  time  consuming  and  labor  intensive  §  Time  constraint  §  Lack  of  samples  §  Coyotes  are  notoriously  difficult  to  study    

Page 22: Predator/Prey Dynamics: Methodology for surveying the coyote population on the Smith Island Complex

¡  Future  goals:  §  Try  different  bait  §  Add  more  study  sites  §  Extend  data  collection  period  

§  Continue  researching  survey  techniques  

§  Contact  experts  ¡  Continuation  is  

important  

Page 23: Predator/Prey Dynamics: Methodology for surveying the coyote population on the Smith Island Complex

¡ Courtney  ¡ David  ¡ Jaymie  ¡ Nicki  

Page 24: Predator/Prey Dynamics: Methodology for surveying the coyote population on the Smith Island Complex

¡  Kendall  K.C.,  McKelvey  K.S.  2008.  “Hair  Collection.”  Noninvasive  Survey  Methods  for  North  American  Carnivores.  Ed.  Long,  R.A.  et  al.  Washington  D.C.:  Island  Press,  2009.  135-­‐176.  

¡   Gompper  Et.  Al.  "A  Comparison  of  Noninvasive  Techniques  to  Survey  Carnivore  Communities  in  Northeastern  North  America."  Wildlife  Society  Bulletin  (2006):  1142-­‐151.  

¡  Hinton,  Joseph  W.,  Michael  J.  Chamberlain,  and  Frank  T.  Van  Manen.  "Long-­‐Distance  Movements  of  Transient  Coyotes  in  Eastern  North  Carolina."  The  American  Midland  Naturalist  168.2  (2012):  281-­‐88.    

¡  Lawrence,  Shannon  E.,  and  Paul  R.  Krausman.  "Reactions  of  the  Public  to  Urban  Coyotes  (Canis  Latrans)."  The  Southwestern  Naturalist  56.3  (2011):  404-­‐09.  

¡  Bogan,  D.  (2014).  RISE  OF  THE  EASTERN  COYOTE.  New  York  State  Conservationist,  68  (6),  20-­‐23  

¡  http://media.oregonlive.com/pacific-­‐northwest-­‐news/photo/coyotejpeg-­‐a8a247fae9c82811.jpeg  ¡  http://farm6.static.flickr.com/5501/13848483303_de3cc99718_m.jpg  ¡  http://yipps.files.wordpress.com/2011/04/img_130604051.jpg  ¡  http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-­‐zHdu3LgaKsY/Te2aEmR0tfI/AAAAAAAAFac/5zPy-­‐s2OiAI/s1600/Coyote_scat.jpg  ¡  http://rising.blackstar.com/wp-­‐content/uploads/2012/06/Coyote-­‐family1.jpg  

Page 25: Predator/Prey Dynamics: Methodology for surveying the coyote population on the Smith Island Complex

Questions?