PRE-ADVANCED TEEN 1 GRAMMAR CLINIC CARDS … · PRE-ADVANCED TEEN 1 GRAMMAR CLINIC CARDS INDEX ... Card 1_06 Phrasal verbs Card 1_07 Phrasal verbs ... Put the adverbials in …
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Directions: Complete the sentences using one of the adverbials in the box.
never – always –frankly – really – generally speaking – unfortunately – lately – seriously – for many years – probably – by the time – extremely – a lot
1. Kevin will __________ buy a car if he saves enough money. 2. I have ________ traveled abroad. When I go to Paris next month, it will be my first
time on a plane. 3. My mother has been a. _________ busy b. ________. She doesn’t even have time to
prepare our dinner. 4. ___________, Mike won’t go to the party today. His grandfather is sick and he will
have to take care of him. 5. ___________, women are more sensitive than men. But there are some men who cry for
everything. 6. With so many cars on the streets and industries expelling pollutants, the environment
will be a.___________ damaged b.___________ my kids are grown up. 7. I a. _________ see Peter running in the park. He’s been exercising b._______ these
days. He will get in shape soon. 8. I a. _________ don’t know what David is talking about. b._________, I think he is
making up excuses to save his face. 9. Mrs. Williams has lived in that house __________. It’s obvious that she doesn’t want to
Directions: Match the sentences with the phrasal verbs that best substitute the words in
bold. 1. Helen is going through difficult moments but it’s hard to help her. She is the kind of
person who doesn’t show her feelings and pretends everything is OK. 2. I didn’t have time to read the book for the test. I just took a quick and superficial look
at it. 3. When Sally moved to New York, all the girls in her school despised her just because
she came from the countryside. 4. The demonstrators were arrested by the police and they couldn’t communicate their
message. 5. In a relationship, it is extremely important that the man and the woman discuss their
problems. 6. Did you know that James and Sophia split up? She couldn’t tolerate his jealousy
anymore. 7. Everybody should reflect on the mistakes they made and learn from them. 8. Watching the news always depresses me. It seems that there are only tragic things
happening in the world. a. get across b. think through c. bottles up d. gets me down e. talk over f. flipped through g. looked down on h. put up with
(The correction of the sentences will vary. Check your answers with a Grammar Clinic
teacher.)
1. NS – The police are looking into the murder of the millionaire man. 2. S 3. NS – The president was happy because he got his message across. Everybody
understood what he had to say. 4. S 5. NS – Kathy looks up to her mother. They get along very well and they never fight. 6. NS – Maggie’s classmates don’t like her very much. She looks down on everybody. 7. S 8. S 9. NS – Kevin bottles up his feelings. He doesn’t talk to anybody about his problems. 10. NS – Ashley did very badly on the test because she just flipped through the books.
Directions: Complete the sentences with the right word in the box.
touchy – foreigners – pride himself in – perceived – accomplishment – goals – issues – handle my problems – gadgets and gizmos – required
1. Being the first woman of her family to get into a university was Sandra’s greatest
_______________. 2. The director scheduled a meeting because he has some ________ to discuss with his
employees. 3. Lisa is very __________. You need to be careful when talking to her. She might be
easily upset. 4. It is ________ that the athletes do an anti-doping exam in order to compete in the
Olympic Games. 5. Everybody needs to establish ________ in life. People need something to go after. 6. In general, __________ are very welcome in Brazil. Brazilians are hospitable and
always ready to help. 7. If I’m in trouble I can ___________. I don’t ask for anybody’s help. 8. Josh can _________ his ability to persuade people. It’s amazing how he always gets
what he wants. 9. The way the world is ________ varies from person to person. That’s why people have
different views. 10. Nowadays, most children only play with these _____________. Video games,
computers are all they ask for. The old toys are no longer part of their childhood.
Directions: Match the sentences with the words that best complete them.
1. Ryan and Tracy told me I behave like a spoiled girl. But I ___________ about their
opinions. They don’t know me well enough to say something like that. 2. Schools need to make students find their main ___________ so they can develop what
they do best. 3. There are people who only _________ about their perfect lives but they don’t do
anything to achieve their dreams. 4. We need to find our ___________ so we can deal with our problems in a better way. 5. Most men complain that women’s frequent ___________ are hard to put up with.
Sometimes they are nice, but sometimes they get angry for no reason. 6. Teenagers want freedom to do whatever they want but most of them are not responsible
enough to have such ____________. 7. Sarah can’t _________ so many bad feelings towards her ex-boyfriend. She needs to
forgive him and move on with her life. a. mood changes b. fantasize c. autonomy d. competence e. nurture f. couldn’t care less g. sense of self
Directions: Complete the sentences with the words in parentheses putting them in the
right order.
1. Ann bought a _____________ car. (new / beautiful / blue) 2. My mother always cooks ___________ meals. (healthy / delicious / vegetarian) 3. Peter has just moved in to that ____________ house. (old / big / French style) 4. A: I’m looking for my son. Did you see him?
B: Is it a ___________ boy? (blond / short / very talkative) 5. There’s a ____________ briefcase inside the classroom. Someone must have forgotten
there. (square / worn / leather) 6. The father gave his daughter an __________ doll. (expensive / Japanese / delicate) 7. That _____________ woman is about to become the director of the company. (tall /
good-looking / young) 8. Stephanie was wearing a _______________ hat the last time I saw her. (cotton / yellow
/ tiny / gorgeous) 9. I don’t want to have classes with that _____________ teacher. (boring / math / bald) 10. The child was fascinated by that ___________ dog. (large / friendly / gray)
Directions: Complete the sentences with the right past tense form in parentheses. 1. Jason ____________ (was jogging / jogged) when he __________ (was running into /
ran into) an old friend of his. They _________ (had studied / used to study) French together.
2. Lisa ___________ (had broken up / broke up) with her boyfriend before learning about
his affairs. 3. David __________ (bought / was going to buy) a car but he realized he ___________
(didn’t have / hadn’t had) enough money. 4. Melissa ________ (was / had been) mad at her brother because he ___________ (lost /
had lost) her jacket. 5. Sarah __________ (was playing / used to play) the guitar when she was younger. 6. I __________ (was waiting / had been waiting) for my mother for many hours when I
___________ (decided / had decided) to go shopping by myself. 7. Tom got angry with Sarah because while he _________ (was cleaning / had cleaned),
she _____________ (was going to talk / was talking) on the phone. 8. Cindy would have sold her house if she _____________ (received / had received) a
good offer. 9. The teacher ________ (had been telling / told) me I __________ (hadn’t handed in /
didn’t hand in) my last composition. 10. Vicky ___________ (cooked / was cooking) dinner when her husband _____________
1. was driving 2. saw 3. panicked 4. realized 5. called 6. arrived 7. had already gathered 8. wanted 9. had happened 10. was 11. went 12. had broken 13. was losing 14. was / could be 15. was asking 16. got 17. couldn’t understand 18. had suffered 19. drove 20. told 21. was 22. had had 23. was 24. recovered 25. promised 26. would never give
Directions: Choose the alternative that best completes the sentences below. 1. When I was a little kid, I __________ when my mother ________ me to eat vegetables.
a. used to cry / asked b. cried / had asked c. used to cry / was asking
2. Laura __________ to cheat on the test when the teacher _______ her.
a. tried / caught b. was trying / had caught c. was trying / caught
3. Before Keanu Reeves ________ a famous movie star, he _________ as a theater actor.
a. became / already worked b. became / had already worked c. had become / already worked
4. When Jennifer __________ to move to another country, she ___________ a tempting
job offer. a. had finally decided / received b. finally decided / was receiving c. had finally decided / had received
5. Thomas __________ articles in newspaper for many years when he _______ the award
for best journalist. a. was writing / won b. had written / was winning c. had been writing / won
Directions: Complete the short texts about what some celebrities used to do before they
started their careers with the verbs in parentheses using a past form.
1. Before moving out to California, Brad Pitt a._________ (start) studying Journalism at
the University of Missouri. He b.________ (drop out) of college and in Los Angeles he c._________ (drive) strippers around in limos in order to make some money. He also d._______ (work) in a restaurant called “El Pollo Loco” in which he e.______ (have) to dress as a giant chicken.
2. Madonna a.________ (work) as a housekeeper. According to her, that b._______ (be)
her worst job. But while she c.________ (live) in New York, she also d._______ (have) several low-paying jobs, including working as a nude model.
3. Sean Connery a.________ (work) as a truck driver, a laborer, an artists’ model, a
weight lifter and even a life guard. But before that he b.___________ (work) as a milkman. He c._________ (compete) in the Mr. Universe competition when another contestant d.________ (suggest) he audition for the stage production of South Pacific. That’s when his TV and film career e._________ (start).
4. When Jennifer Aniston a.________ (leave) school. she b.______ (try) to establish a
career off Broadway. She c.__________ (develop) the desire of being an actress in high school. But as acting work d._____ (be) scarce during that time, she e._______ (support) herself with several part time jobs, including working as a telemarketer, waitress and bike messenger.
1. a. had started b. dropped out c. used to drive / drove d. worked e. had 2. a. used to work / worked b. was c. was living d. had 3. a. worked b. had worked c. was competing d. suggested e. started 4. a. left b. tried c. had developed d. was e. supported
1. Helen got rich after opening a __________ (successful) business. Today she owns the
biggest cosmetic company in the country. 2. Thomas is a great chef who loves the _________ (delicious, refined) French cuisine. 3. When my family and I traveled to Bahia, we stayed in a ________ (cozy and homelike)
little hotel. It was not expensive but very comfortable. 4. Our neighbors throw parties every weekend. It’s hard to sleep with the stereo
_________ (to make unpleasant loud noise) that horrible electronic music. 5. Although Ashley doesn’t earn a good salary, she always buys __________ (expensive)
clothes. 6. Vincent succeeded in life especially because he was a very innovative __________
(someone who starts a business which involves risks). He took some risks and started a new business.
7. Sheila was in her bedroom listening to her favorite song and lost in sweet ________
(dreams) when her mother called her to clean the house. 8. The __________ (group of clients) of the restaurant increased when the managers
changed the menu. 9. Rachel didn’t know if she wanted to move to a bigger city. She enjoyed living in those
pleasant natural __________ (a place where a person lives and the conditions they live in).
Directions: Match the sentences with the words that best substitute the words in bold. 1. When Lucy is sad, she likes to walk around the neighborhood and think about her life 2. The accident brought the traffic on the main avenue to a stop. 3. Uninteresting paintings were all we could find in that museum. 4. People got together around the street singer and they excitedly applauded him after the
presentation had finished. 5. I could see the perspiration in John’s hands before the seminar he was going to
present. 6. When Brian got home and saw that his kids hadn’t arrived yet, he got a little worried. 7. Sarah is known for her refined taste. 8. Harry loves waking up with the sunlight reflecting through the window. a. sweat b. shining c. gathered d. wander e. slightly f. exquisite g. unremarkable h. halt
Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verbs in parentheses. Use the Simple
Present, Simple Past, Present Progressive or Present Perfect). Then, circle the time
expressions.
1. Todd ____ (go) to the bookstore now because his wife ____ (need) a disk for her
computer. 2. Every morning all the children ____ (come) to school on the school bus. 3. Tom and Pam ____ (not, have) any children yet. 4. The Marks family usually ____ (travel) to Canada for their summer vacation. 5. Ann and her husband ____ (live) in Chicago before they ____ (move) to Cleveland,
Ohio. 6. My family ____ (invite) all their relatives for a family reunion last weekend. 7. Last night, my children ____ (help) me clean the house. While I ____ (wash) the
dishes, they ____ (clean) their bedrooms. 8. My parents ____ (never, take) a trip outside the US. However, last summer, they
____ (fly) to Europe for a month-long vacation. 9. I ____ (just, read) a newspaper story about my country, and I ____ (be) very angry
Write the appropriate question to complete the conversations. A: Chuck !? I can’t believe it! ____________ (1. do) in New York? B: Daniel ! It’s so good to see you. Well, I live here now.
A: You’re kidding. ________________________ (2. when / move)? B: About a month ago. I was going to call you sooner, but you know, it takes a while to
find the telephone book after moving. But tell me about you, _________________ (3. be / here / long)?
A: Oh, yes. I’ve been in Manhattan for a long time. After I graduated I decided to stick around. In fact, I moved out of here for a short period of time.
B: ______________________________ (4. where / live), then?
A: I lived in Boston. Great city, _____________ (5. ever / be) there?
B: No, no yet. __________________________ (6. work) there?
A: Sure. It was my first job as a lawyer. But enough about me. _____________ (7. What / do) recently - studying, working?
B: A little of both. I’ve been trying to have some fun, too. But I still have trouble moving around Manhattan.
A: I know what you mean. Listen, ________ (8. What / do) next weekend? B: Nothing special, But if I can get tickets I’ll go to the theater. I haven’t seen Chicago
yet. _______ (9. why / go / neg.) together? A: Great. But I can only make it on Friday night. On Saturday and Sunday I will be in
Massachusetts visiting old friends.
B: That’s fine ! ______________ (10. where / want / meet)? A: Let’s plan to meet at the theater.
B: _______________________ (11. would like / eat) first ? A: I’m afraid we won’t have time because I will go straight from work. Time will be really
short if we decide to eat before the play.
B: You’re right. __________ (12. can / have / phone number)? A: Oh, I almost forgot. Here you are. There’s the address too. B: I’ll give you a call on Thursday. A: OK. Take care.
Unit 2 - SIMPLE PAST / PAST PROGRESSIVE / SIMPLE PRESENT
Situation: You are reading an article about how chaotic family life is nowadays, and
how housewives try to keep things organized.
Directions: Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verbs.
A Day in the Life of a Traditional Housewife
She ____ (1.arise) early, before dawn, in order to fix breakfast and to wake her family. She ____ (2.nudge), ____ (3.prod), and ____ (4.yell) until everybody ____ (5.be) finally out of bed. While everyone else ____ (6.shower), ____ (7.shave), and ____ (8.dress) ,she ____ (9.fry) eggs, ____ (10.make) coffee, and ____ (11.prepare) packed lunches. One by one, the family members ____ (12.come) down to the kitchen. When each person ____ (13.sit) down, she ____ (14.serve) breakfast. She ____ (15.hustle) and ____ (16.bustle), making sure that everyone ____ (17.be) awake to face the day. After everyone had gone, she ____ (18.begin) her day’s work.. During the day, she ____ (19.mop), ____ (20.sweep), ____ (21.do) dishes, ____ (22.vacuum), ____ (23.mend) clothes, _____ (24.wash), ____ (25.iron), ____ (26.scrub).
And today’s mother? She ____ (27.do) everything that mothers used to do and more. Over one-half of mothers in United States today ____ (28.maintain) their homes while also managing to hold down eight-hour-a-day, forty-hour-a-week jobs.
We can use SHOULD or OUGHT TO + have + past participle to express expectations
about the past. It’s okay to call Darryl. He should have woken up by now. The package you sent her ought to have arrived already. I bet she will call you any minute now to thank you. Change the following sentences.
1) I think all the students have already finished their final exams. 2) We expect Tim to have filed all the documents by now. 3) We expect Dan to have already left the hospital he was operated in. 4) Call the Lost and Found. It’s probable that your wallet has already been found by
someone. 5) Let’s go out for a walk. I think the rain has already stopped. 6) Kristen and Stanley started dating 8 years ago. It’s probable that they have already got
married. Do you know if they have? 7) Scientists say they expect life on Mars to have been found by 2050. 8) The results have probably come out by now. Call and check if your name is on the list.
9) Harriet’s gone bankrupt. I think they have already closed the store.
1) All the students should have finished their final exams. 2) Tim should have filed all the documents by now. 3) Dan should have left the hospital he was operated in. 4) Call the Lost and Found. Your wallet should already have been found by someone. 5) Let’s go out for a walk. It should have stopped raining. 6) Kristen and Stanley started dating 8 years ago. They should have gotten married by
now. Do you know if they have? 7) Scientists say life on Mars should have been found by 2050. 8) The results should have come out by now. Call and check if your name is on the list.
9) Harriet’s gone bankrupt. They should have closed the store already.
Unit 3 - SHOULD/OUGHT TO (Present/Future - Expectations)
We can use SHOULD or OUGHT TO + base form to express expectations about the
present and future. We can also use SHOULD or OUGHT TO + be + present participle. It’s 4:30. I expect Bill to be home by now. Let’s call him. It’s 4:30. Bill should be home by now. Let’s call him.
If it doesn’t rain, many people will probably go away for the weekend. If it doesn't rain, many people ought to go way for the weekend.
Let’s clean up the house. I think Mom and Dad will arrive any minute now. Let’s clean up the house. Mom and Dad should be arriving any minute now.
Change the following sentences. 1. We studied hard, so I expect us to get good grades on the test. 2. Let’s not go in. The show is most probably finished by now. 3. Congratulations! It’s a great CD. I think it’ll be a sure hit. 4. Sue expects to be living in New York in a couple of months. 5. I don’t think the turkey is ready yet. Let’s wait some more. 6. Here is $50 for the book. It probably won’t cost more than $ 25. 7. We expect Stan to be enjoying his survival course right now. 8. The play starts in about 20 minutes. The actors are probably getting ready at the
moment. 9. A: I need to buy some aspirin, but there are no drugstores nearby.
B: Try the convenience store at the corner. You will probably find some there.
Unit 3 - SHOULD/OUGHT TO (Present/Future - Expectations)
ANSWER KEY:
1. We studied hard, so we should / ought to get good grades on the test. 2. Let’s not go in. The show should be finished already. 3. Congratulations! It’s a great CD. It should / ought to be a sure hit. 4. Sue should / ought to be living in New York in a couple of months. 5. The turkey shouldn’t be ready yet. Let’s wait some more. 6. Here is $50 for the book. It shouldn’t cost more than $25. 7. Stan should/ought to be enjoying his survival course right now. 8. The play starts in about 20 minutes. The actors should / ought to be getting ready at the
moment. 9. A: I need to buy some aspirin, but there are no drugstores nearby. B: Try the convenience store at the corner. You should / ought to find some there.
Directions: Match the adjectives to their correspondent nouns. Some adjectives may be
placed with more than one noun. 1. haphazard 2. awe-inspiring 3. tacky 4. grubby 5. clogged 6. bustling 7. soaring 8. in-your-face a. _________clothes b. _________town c. _________ plan d. _________ pipe e. _________ advertising campaign f. _________ decoration g. _________ view h. _________ skyscraper i. _________ street j. _________ method k. _________ tree l. _________ music
1. New York is one of the most _________ cities I’ve ever visited. You have thousands of
activities to do during the day and night. 2. If you travel to Greece, you will find a spectacular and _________ natural beauty. I’m
sure you will enjoy the trip. 3. Jim couldn’t solve the company’s problems because he acted in a _____________
manner. He didn’t organize the plans beforehand. 4. The marketing department decided to launch an__________ poster campaign. Although
it shocked some people, it helped to promote the new product. 5. When Mike arrived with those ________ sneakers at home after playing soccer the
whole afternoon, his mother told him to take them off immediately. 6. __________ skyscrapers are part of Tokyo’s scenery. 7. My aunt always buys me _________ clothes, dresses and T-shirts that I would never
wear. But I have to smile and say that I loved the gift. 8. The doctor tried to open the patient’s _______ artery but it was impossible.
Directions: Complete the sentences using the expressions from the box. Don’t forget to
make the necessary changes.
live on the top of one another– get your bearings – fall prey to - work its magic – put a finger on - make way for the new
1. The president promised to _________ to make this country a better place to live. 2. I know there’s something wrong in this situation but I can’t quite ____________ it. 3. The new mayor of the town wants to ____________. Many old buildings are being
replaced by modern shopping malls. 4. Sandra easily _________ when she went to live in Spain. She said the place was
wonderful, people were very friendly and the weather was nice. 5. Brazilian people are tired of ________ high interest rates. 6. It’s interesting to see that in some big cities, people ___________ and yet they don’t
Directions: Using the words in the box, complete the sentences below. Don’t forget to
make the necessary changes.
harmless – endless – to appeal – to run out of – though – to be mugged – chill – within – tough – lack of
1. Moving out to Italy was a ______ decision for Janet. She had to change her whole life. 2. Zack acted as _______ he was hiding something from me. 3. Lisa doesn’t like to stay out until late at night because she is afraid of __________. The
city is very dangerous. 4. I realized that I had ____________ coffee only when my guests arrived. I had to serve
tea. 5. Sam’s classmates were making ________ jokes about him but he got offended and
complained to the teacher. 6. When Karen left home she felt a _______ so she got back in to get a coat. 7. __________ attention in children may be a disorder and the case must be examined by a
doctor. 8. Literature has always __________ to me. For this reason, I decided to take an
undergraduate course in this area. 9. When the police started investigating the case, it seemed an __________ search since
they didn’t have any clues. Luckily, the witnesses helped a lot. 10. Sarah, hurry up! The train leaves _________ 10 minutes.
Directions: Answer the questions below in a way that shows you understand the words in
bold. 1. How would you react if a person in your group gave a daft idea for a school project
you’re doing? 2. What do you like to do with your mates? 3. Do you think hugging is a Brazilian custom? How do you like that? Do you usually
hug your friends and family? 4. What should be the punishment for people who are caught joyriding? 5. What would you do if a guest entered your house in extremely mucky shoes? 6. Has anybody ever pinched your things in school? 7. Have you ever booted something so hard that you got hurt? 8. What would you do if somebody nicked your wallet while you were walking on the
street? 9. Which of your things would you flog if you desperately needed money? 10. Have you ever remained mute because you were too nervous?
Directions: Complete the sentences with the verbs in parentheses using the passive with
modals.
1. Children ______________ (pick up) at school in the afternoon. 2. Students ______________ (teach) ethics lessons. 3. The fish ____________ (feed) at least once a day. 4. The plants ___________ (water) every day. 5. Some books __________ (keep) in the library. 6. Remember that you ___________ (neg. - catch) cheating on the test. 7. These kids know how to behave. They ___________ (leave) alone for a while. 8. Some people believe that the criminals ___________ (punish) severely but they
__________ (neg. - treat) so aggressively. 9. I think our test __________ (postpone) for next week because there are lot of things to
study. 10. Mr. Meyer is selling the house for a very low price. It _________ (buy) soon. 11. Some dogs __________ (scare) by very loud noises.
Situation: Kellie is giving some instructions to the new maid. Directions: Complete the dialogue using the passive modals with the verbs in
parentheses.
Maid: At what time should I pick up the kids at school? Kellie: They leave at 1, so they 1. ___________ (pick up) around this time, because I
don’t want to keep them waiting for so long. Maid: All right. And after lunch? Do they have something to do? Kellie: They usually do their homework. Then, they 2. _________ (leave) alone in the
room watching TV. They are nice kids. Maid: Really? That’s good. Kellie: After that, the kitchen and the office 3. __________ (clean). But don’t forget that
the books 4. __________ (neg. – remove) from the shelf. They 5. ____________
(keep) the way they are. Maid: OK. I won’t forget that. Kellie: Around 6 o’clock, Rex, our dog, 6. __________ (feed). As Rex doesn’t know you
very well, he 7. ___________ (scare), but he won’t bite you. Maid: Don’t worry. I’m used to dogs. Kellie: Good. After that, the dinner for the kids 8. __________ (prepare). And that’s it.
Any doubt you can call me at work. Maid: OK. No problem.
1. Jim and Susan hadn’t seen each other for a long time. They met by chance in the
supermarket and they talked for hours about everything they could. They were very happy to see each other again.
2. Ann talked to her boss to see if she could have a raise in her salary but the boss denied
her request. 3. Andrew’s aunt visited him and she started talking about a lot of uninteresting stories.
He couldn’t help yawning many times during the conversation. 4. Laura and David sat down to discuss the problems in their marriage. But as usual, none
of them admitted their mistakes. They ended up fighting and got to no solution. 5. Tom was passing by Linda’s room and accidentally he heard her and her friends talking
about a party which he was not invited to. 6. Sarah was talking to a Turkish guy who had thousands of amazing stories to tell. 7. Peter, Lucy and Gabby were discussing about their school project but there was no
interaction between them. Lucy was the only who spoke and gave her opinions. The others only listened and accepted what she said.
1. Brazilian fans will never forget the U2 concert in the country. It was a ___________
performance. 2. Some of us in the meeting were tired of that _______ discussion that would lead
nowhere. It was almost night when we left the room. 3. Nowadays, many people have difficulties finding true friends and establishing
__________ relationships. 4. The film I’ve just watched was ____________. It’s amazing how the director made an
_________ analysis of the human being in a simple way. 5. Jay Leno’s talk show is _________. You laugh from the beginning to the end. 6. Did you hear about the Austrian girl who managed to escape after 8 years she had been
kidnapped? It’s a ________ story. I read it in the newspaper last week.
Directions: Complete the sentences with the right preposition.
1. Karl has always been good _____ drawing and painting. 2. Usually, children are afraid _____ sleeping in the dark but my little brother never had
problems with that. 3. Myrian is fed up ______ her father because he didn’t let her go out with her friends. 4. Leslie loves cats although she is allergic _____ them. 5. Paul told me he is interested _____ taking an English course abroad and asked me for
suggestions. 6. Laura fell on the middle of the dance floor and she was completely embarrassed ______
it. All those people were looking at her as if they were about to laugh! 7. At the end of the spectacle, parents were very proud ____ their children. They
enthusiastically applauded their performances. 8. I’m useless ____ playing sports. I always hated practicing any kind of physical exercise. 9. Keith was very late _____ school and he left home in such a hurry that he forgot to
comb his hair. 10. Rachel seems to be serious _______ moving to her fiancé’s house. I just don’t know if
Directions: Match the sentences with what best complete them.
1. Susan is dependent... 2. Brenda is mad... 3. Nick was annoyed... 4. Monica is usually late... 5. My brother has never been very serious... 6. Victoria is interested... 7. Many people are allergic... 8. The boss said he was very proud...
a. with the noise. b. to seafood. c. about his studies. d. of all his staff. e. in practicing yoga. f. at her boyfriend. g. for work. h. on sleeping pills.
Directions: Complete the sentences below with information about yourself. Don’t forget
to use the right preposition.
1. I am good ________________. 2. Last year, I was interested __________________. 3. I am always late _________________. 4. When I was a kid, I was afraid ______________. 5. I am fed up _____________. 6. I am allergic ______________. 7. I am very serious ______________. 8. My parents are very proud ____________. 9. I hate to be dependent _____________. 10. I am useless ______________. 11. I always get annoyed _____________. 12. I get very embarassed _______________. 13. Today, I was mad ________________.
ANSWER KEY:
(Answers will vary. See a Grammar Clinic teacher for correction)
4. afraid of 5. fed up with 6. allergic to 7. serious about 8. proud of 9. dependent on 10. useless at 11. annoyed by / with 12. embarassed by 13. mad at
Directions: Match the words in bold with their definitions. 1. Mary and I were just chatting aimlessly when Kate angrily walked into the room
asking if we were talking about her. 2. Jim went out on a date with a girl but he is so shy that an awkward silence was all they
had during the first minutes. 3. When Rose started her classes in her new school she tried to befriend all her classmates
but they simply ignored her. 4. Leo gets angry when we call him a mumbler but we never understand a word he says. 5. Nobody could get a word in edgewise during the meeting because only Linda was
talking. 6. It’s hard to work with Peter. He is an overbearing person. 7. I hate those pushy salesmen who spend hours trying to convince you to buy their
products. 8. What made Tom get his promotion was his assertiveness. a. be friendly towards someone b. a person who tries hard to make someone do something c. when you are not able to say anything because someone else is talking continuously d. talking about nothing in particular e. confidence and self-assurance f. someone who doesn’t speak clearly g. a person who is too confident and too determined to tell other people what to do, in a
way that is unpleasant h. when neither person knows what to say, so no one says anything
Directions: Complete the sentences with WILL or WOULD and the verbs in parentheses. 1. You can turn up or turn down the air conditioning. People __________ (complain)
about the temperature anyway. 2. Laura _______ (go jogging) every day some time ago. Now she doesn’t have time to
practice any physical exercise. 3. Sally ________ (give up) attending the course at the first difficulty she finds. 4. The teacher ___________ (discuss) yesterday’s news before starting the class. He
always does that. 5. My mother _________ (sing) lullabies to make me sleep when I was a kid. 6. When Taylor was in kindergarten, he ________ (cry) every time a classmate called him
chubby. 7. Don’t be upset with Charlie. He may be rude when he is angry but he ________ (regret)
everything later and he __________ (apologize). 8. Julie _________ (drive) her brothers to parties when they were younger. 9. When my grandpa was alive, he _________ (go fishing) with me every weekend. 10. Sarah tries to go on a diet every week but she ________ (eat) all the chocolate bars in
Directions: Which of the following sentences in the Simple Past can be replaced with
WOULD? Find these sentences and rewrite them.
1. Cindy wrote letters to her friends when she had just moved to California. Now they
communicate by e-mail. 2. Rick traveled with his friends to the beach yesterday. 3. When we were younger, my father took my brother and me to the park every Sunday
morning. 4. Before Sandra started working in a company, she helped her mother with the household
every day. 5. Jim drank too much at the party on Saturday. 6. Alice woke up very early when she was a child. 7. Susan attended a lecture about Ecology last week. 8. Pearl Jam did a great performance in their concert in Los Angeles last weekend. 9. Dana prepared dinner for Brad every night when they were still married. 10. Gabriel went to the museum with his kids last Sunday.
1. Cindy would write letters to her friends when she had just moved to California. Now they communicate by e-mail.
3. When we were younger, my father would take my brother and me to the park
every Sunday morning. 4. Before Sandra started working in a company, she would help her mother with
the household every day. 6. Alice would wake up very early when she was a child. 9. Dana would prepare dinner for Brad every night when they were still married.
Directions: Complete the sentences with one of the expressions from the box. One of
them is used more than once.
talking about – talking point – talkative – talk of – give a talk on – talks – small talk – talk to
1. Karen is a very _________ person. In a conversation, she doesn’t let anyone else speak. 2. ______ with the terrorists were an unsuccessful attempt to ask for peace. 3. Melanie has been the ________ the neighborhood since she arrived. People say she is
going out with a famous actor. 4. The __________ of the class today will probably be the elections. 5. Dan Brown will _________ his most famous book, The Da Vinci Code, next week. 6. Linda enjoys __________ her kids. She seems to be very proud of them. 7. All that _________ higher salary was just another rumor. 8. Sheila wants to _______ her boss because she will quit her job. 9. I met a co-worker yesterday but we didn’t discuss anything important. We just made
Directions: Complete the sentences with the verbs in parentheses in the correct tense.
1. Kelly _________ (prepare) a more sophisticated dinner if her husband _________ (tell)
her he would bring some friends. 2. If Aaron ________ (visit) Tokyo, he _________ (spend) all his money on those weird
gadgets. 3. I ___________ (not buy) the wrong medicine if the doctor ________ (write) the
prescription with clearer handwriting. 4. If the record company ___________ (offer) a better deal, the singer _______ (sign) the
contract. 5. The TV news program _________ (show) the shocking images of the accident if the
authorities _________ (not forbid) it to do so. 6. If Carol _________ (read) the whole book, she _________ (explain) the story in more
details. 7. If Tom _______ (enter) university right after leaving high school, he _______ (finish)
his undergraduate course last year. 8. Victoria _______ (win) the beauty contest if she __________ (participate). 9. Josh’s life ____________ (change) completely if he _________ (move) to Africa. 10. If Patsy ________ (leave) her house some minutes earlier, she ___________ (not miss)
Directions: Rewrite the unreal conditional sentences omitting if.
Ex: If Mathew had traveled with his friends, he would have had a great time.
Had Mathew traveled with his friends, he would have had a great time.
1. If Alice had quit her job, she would have had problems finding another one. 2. If the doctor hadn’t prescribed the medicine, the patient would have certainly died. 3. There would not be so much poverty today if our government hadn’t been so corrupt. 4. If Sheila had developed the project the way she wanted, the directors would have
bought her ideas. 5. The students wouldn’t have complained if the university had postponed the beginning
of the classes. 6. If the TV news had warned the population about the violent attacks on the street, many
people wouldn’t have left home. 7. If the scientist had given a lecture to the children, they would have enjoyed it. 8. Lady Di would have been much happier if she hadn’t married Prince Charles. 9. If the boys had realized the danger, they wouldn’t have taken the risk. 10. Carmen would have been hired by that big company if she had studied other languages.
1. Had Alice quit her job, she would have had problems finding another one. 2. Hadn’t the doctors prescribed the medicine, the patient would have certainly died. 3. Hadn’t our government been so corrupt, there would not be so much poverty today. 4. Had Sheila developed the project the way she wanted, the directors would have bought
her ideas. 5. Had the university postponed the beginning of the classes, the students wouldn’t have
complained. 6. Had the TV news warned the population about the violent attacks on the street, many
people wouldn’t have left home. 7. Had the scientist given a lecture to the children, they would have enjoyed it. 8. Hadn’t Lady Di married Prince Charles, she would have been much happier. 9. Had the boys realized the danger, they wouldn’t have taken the risk. 10. Had Carmen studied other languages, she would have been hired by that big company.
1. Mandy wouldn’t be angry if she hadn’t hit the car. 2. If David had slept well last night, he would not feel tired today. 3. I would have handed in my essay to the teacher if I had had time to prepare it. 4. My brother wouldn’t work for an international company if he hadn’t studied abroad for
4 years. 5. Daisy wouldn’t have taken the wrong bus if she hadn’t been lost in her thoughts. 6. If Ryan had passed the exam, he would be taking a university course this year. 7. Victoria wouldn’t go to the gym every day if the doctor hadn’t told her to do so. 8. Joey wouldn’t have missed many classes if he hadn’t gotten a terrible cold. 9. Paul wouldn’t have traveled to Europe if his godfather hadn’t paid for the plane the
tickets. 10. If the company hadn’t fired half of their staff, they wouldn’t be seeking new
Directions: Complete the following sentences. 1. Monica is short. She wishes ________________________. 2. Peter failed the exam. He wishes __________________. 3. My friend suffered a car accident. I wish ______________. 4. Lisa works more than 8 hours a day. She wishes ________. 5. My father smokes three packs of cigarettes a day.
I wish __________________. 6. Martha can’t speak English very well. She wishes ______. 7. Politicians never keep their promises. I wish ___________. 8. Andrew had his car stolen. He wishes _______________. 9. Phil forgot his wife’s birthday and didn’t buy any gift.
He wishes ___________________. 10. It is raining a lot now. I wish ______________________.
Directions: Complete the sentences with the verbs in parentheses in the correct form. 1. Sam regrets __________ (move) to New York. He is not happy there. 2. I regret ________ (tell) you that your time to finish the test is over. 3. We wish __________ (thank) you for all the support you’ve been giving us. 4. Mary wishes she ________ (have) enough money to buy a car, but she still can’t afford
one. 5. If only I ___________ (start) college when I was younger! 6. Karen regrets__________ (not – travel) to the beach with her girlfriends. 7. We regret __________ (announce) that the president will not be able to come to this
event. 8. If only I __________ (call) him last night! 9. I wish __________ (inform) you that your project was approved and the company is
very pleased to hire you. 10. Joey regrets _________ (buy) an apartment near Paulista Avenue. He thinks it’s too
Directions: Complete the sentences with one of the words from the box.
needy – more likely – realize – hire – stray dog – stray bullets – tremble – tale – yawn – regret
1. Alice will ________ a private detective to spy on her husband. 2. Many people in Brazil are killed by ___________ every day. 3. I _______ not having accepted that job offer in Germany. 4. There are students who ________ all the time during the class. Some teachers think this
is disrespectful. 5. The auction to be held next week intends to help ________ people in town. 6. We _________ how dangerous this situation is but this is the only way out. 7. Charlie’s hands __________ every time we tell ghost stories. 8. My sister ran into a ____________ near our house and she brought it home. It’s so cute! 9. My grandpa used to tell me fascinating _________ about his childhood. 10. Kathy is planning what she will do on her vacation. It is ___________ that she will
Directions: Match the sentences with the words that best complete them.
1. Peter’s bossy way ________________. I hope he never works with me again. 2. During a ___________, Dana hit her car, broke up with her boyfriend and she was
robbed. Everything happened in the same week. 3. In order to win the competition, the competitors have to ___________ 1000 points. 4. Gary is such a __________ boss that some employees try to take advantage of his
kindness. 5. The criminals had an _____________ plan to escape from prison. Luckily, the police
found out about it before it happened. 6. Susan trained hard to win the __________. 7. The _________ new fall collection designed by that famous stylist was influenced by
elements of African culture. 8. Before heading home, Karl wants to ________ his car near the park to take some
pictures of the frozen lake. 9. Be careful with Fred. He is still _________ his mother’s death. a. pull up g. outrageous b. rack up h. gets on my nerves c. softhearted i. jackpot d. streak of misfortune e. grieving f. snazzy
Directions: Complete the sentences with one of the verbs from the box in the correct
tense. Some verbs are used more than once.
see – feel – hear – smell – taste – look at – touch – watch – listen to
1. The cake ________ good. I can’t wait to try it! 2. The girl _______ a strange noise while she was walking by an abandoned building. 3. The kids __________ the teacher’s instructions and quickly followed her orders. 4. Yesterday, I ___________ the floor and I ________ 50-dollar bill. 5. Howard __________ a soccer game on TV when he ________ the sound of a car crash. 6. Daniel ___________ a bit dizzy because of his headache. He’d better take some
medicine. 7. The mysterious man simply _______ the girl’s shoulder and asked her to follow him. 8. You must _________ this salad. It’s delicious! 9. Has anybody ______ my book? I think I’ve lost it somewhere. 10. We have to be careful with Lucy. She likes to ___________ everybody’s conversation
Directions: Check whether the sentences are correct (C) or not (I). Rewrite the wrong
ones.
1. Michelle is seeing her boyfriend in front of her house. 2. Lucy is feeling much better now that she quit her job. 3. The neighbors are hearing extremely loud music. 4. The sommeliers are tasting the wine to see if it is good. 5. The house is smelling of roses. Did you buy any essence? 6. Nick is seeing the dentist tomorrow morning. 7. I’ve been hearing that U2 will make another concert in Brazil. 8. Keyla is feeling the gun pointed at her head. 9. This dessert is tasting incredibly good. 10. The dog is smelling the clues left by the criminals.
1. I – Michelle sees/can see her boyfriend in front of her house. 2. C 3. I – The neighbors are listening to extremely loud music. 4. C 5. I – The house smells of roses. 6. C 7. C 8. I – Keyla feels the gun pointed at her head. 9. I – This dessert tastes incredibly good. 10. C
Directions: Complete the sentences with the right alternative in parentheses.
1. Stephanie __________ (looked at / saw) at the sky and ________ (looked / saw) a
rainbow. 2. People __________ (were watching / were seeing) the soccer game when a pouring rain
made them leave the stadium. 3. We have to _________ (hear / listen to) the teacher’s explanations in order to do well
on the test. 4. The girl who has just come into the classroom __________ (smells / is smelling) bad. 5. This apple pie ___________ (is tasting / tastes) too sweet for me. 6. My grandmother can’t _________ (listen / hear) very well. We have to speak loudly. 7. Jason went to the beach and got a terrible sunburn. You can’t even _________ (touch /
feel) him. 8. I __________ (am hearing / hear) a strange noise coming from the kitchen. I think we
must check what it is. 9. Sometimes, talking to my sister gives me the creeps. Out of the blue, she says she
_________ (sees / is seeing) a strange woman waving at her. 10. Your food __________ (smells / is smelling) extremely good. It must be delicious.
Directions: Complete the sentences with one of the expressions in the box.
don’t mind me – mind you – come to mind – of two minds about – change my mind – make up my mind – never mind – do you mind – speak your mind – bear in mind
1. Sometimes you have to __________. You have to tell him your opinion even though it
hurts. 2. I can’t ___________ whether to travel to Europe or to Asia. 3. I can’t think of any solution to your problem right now but something will
____________ soon. 4. Old people must ___________ they have to practice a physical activity in order to be
healthy. 5. ____________! I’m sure I’ll find the way back home easily. 6. ___________ washing the dishes today? I’m overloaded with homework to correct. 7. My parents are ___________ moving to another city. They are not sure if it is the best
thing for us. 8. Couldn’t you find the documents I asked for? _________! I’ll look for them myself
later. 9. Marcia assured me I will ___________ about Argentineans when I meet some.
Unit 6 – SIMPLE PAST / PAST PERFECT / PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS
Directions: Complete the sentences using the simple past, past perfect or past perfect
continuous.
1. She ________ (to suffer) from flu for a few days when she ________ (to be) interviewed, so she ____ (to do – neg.) very well .
2. I ________ (to finish) some work in the garden and hadn’t seen Susan come home. 3. Bill ________ (to save) since Christmas to buy a new bike. 4. Mara ________ (to work) hard so I ________ (to feel) that she ________ (to deserve)
a vacation. 5. After three years Suzanne ________ (to save) enough money to buy the car she
________. (to want) 6. My mother and my father ________ (to travel) for about 36 hours when they finally
____ (to reach) their destination. 7. My boyfriend and I ________ (to look) at the painting for about tem minutes before
we ________ (to realize) who the artist ________ (to be). 8. They ________ (to own) the car for six months before they ________ (to discover) it
Situation: Alice and Gina are talking about their graduation party. Directions: Complete the dialogue with the verbs in parentheses in the correct tense. Alice: I’m really excited about our graduation party. Gina: What 1. ______ you ___________ (wear)? Alice: I’m not sure yet. I 2. ________ (buy) a red dress and I 3. __________ (wear) it.
But my mother 4. ________ (burn) part of the dress when she 5. __________ (iron) it.
Gina: Really? The party is tomorrow. You 6. ________ (have) to hurry up! Alice: I know. Probably, a friend of mine 7. __________ (lend) me a beautiful dress she
has. Gina: Good. Oh, I 8. ______ (forget) to tell you. Pete 9. _________ (invite) me to go to
the party with him. Alice: Hmm, that’s terrific! He is cute and a very nice guy. But I 10. ________ (see –
neg) him for a long time as we 11. ________ (study – neg) together anymore. Gina: He 12. _______ (tell) me he 13. ______ me ______ (pick up) at 8. What time 14.
______ you________ (go)? Alice: Probably around this time too. Well, I have to go now. My grandma 15.
_____________ (feel – neg.) well lately and I have to take her to the doctor. Gina: OK. So, see you at the party. Alice: See you.
1. are you going to wear? / are you wearing? 2. had bought / bought 3. was going to wear 4. burnt 5. was ironing 6. have 7. will lend 8. forgot 9. (has) invited 10. haven’t seen 11. don’t study 12. told 13. would pick me up 14. are you going? 15. haven’t been feeling
Directions: Match the verbs in bold with their meanings.
1. I met an ex-student in a restaurant but I didn’t recognize him at first. 2. Smart people recognize their mistakes. 3. I see your point but I still think that being short on staff is not the best solution. 4. Have you seen Daniel around? I need to talk to him. 5. The science project involves observing the plants growing for one week. 6. I observed they were lying since the beginning. 7. “Gary always brings creative ideas,” the director observed. 8. Jimmy was nervous so he darted from one side of the room to another. 9. Brian spent the whole class gazing at the beautiful view outside the room. 10. The police scanned the house but they couldn’t find any clue about the thieves. a. to watch b. to move quickly c. to meet d. to look carefully to obtain information e. to know someone you’ve met before f. to notice g. to understand h. to look steadily at something for a long time i. to admit, to acknowledge j. to comment
Directions: Complete the sentences below about the Red Hot Chili Peppers with the right
tense of the verbs in parentheses. 1. Red Hot Chili Peppers _________ (form) in Los Angeles, California in 1983. 2. Since then, they _________ (become) one of the most popular rock band in the world. 3. The members of the band _________ (take) drugs, but today it is believed they are
sober. 4. Anthony Kids and Flea a. ________ always ________ (be) the vocalist and the bassist,
respectively. But there b.__________ (be) many changes on guitar and on drums. 5. Hillel Slovak a. _____ (be) the first guitarist and he b. ______ (die) of a heroin
overdose in 1988. 6. Before John Frusciante a.___________ (rejoin) the band he b. ___________ (sell) all
his guitars to buy drugs. 7. So far, they _________ (sell) over 60 millions records worldwide. 8. In 1998, they a. _______ (release) Californication, which b. _________ (become) the
band’s most successful album. 9. Many critics say Anthony Kiedis’ voice __________ (improve) since the beginning of
his career. 10. Next month, two of their songs, “Higher Ground” and “Around the World” _________
Situation: Jordan is in a small town in France studying French. He wrote an e-mail to
his mother telling her how his first week in the city has been.
Directions: Read the e-mail and put the words in bold in the right column of the chart
below. Then complete the chart according to the example.
Hi mom, how are you doing? I’m having a great time. Some people here are not
very friendly but I was lucky because my host family is really nice and they are helping me a lot. I’ve already been through some embarrassing moments because I still have trouble with the language and the cultural difference is huge. But I’m getting used to living here and I’m not so scared as I was before.
Since I got here it’s been very cold but today it’s slightly warmer so I could go to school by bike. I enjoy the city exactly because you can go everywhere easily by bike or on foot.