NUTRITION Nutrition is the science of food, the study of nutrients and other substances they are in, their actions, interactions, and balance in relationship to health and diseases. It is the process by which the organism ingests, digests, absorbs, transports, and utilizes the nutrients and disposes off end products. NUTRIENTS These are the constituents in food that must be supplied to the body in required amounts (carbohydrates, fats, proteins, minerals, water), these are the chemical substances obtained from food and used in the body as: It provides energy. It maintains the structural integrity. Regulating agent to support the growth. It maintains the hormonal balance Helps in repair of body tissue. FOOD Food is the vital source of energy that is utilized and is essential for human existence. They are assimilated
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NUTRITION
Nutrition is the science of food, the study of nutrients and other substances they are in, their actions, interactions, and balance in relationship to health and diseases.
It is the process by which the organism ingests, digests, absorbs, transports, and utilizes the nutrients and disposes off end products.
NUTRIENTS
These are the constituents in food that must be supplied to the body in required amounts (carbohydrates, fats, proteins, minerals, water), these are the chemical substances obtained from food and used in the body as:
It provides energy. It maintains the structural integrity. Regulating agent to support the growth. It maintains the hormonal balance Helps in repair of body tissue.
FOOD
Food is the vital source of energy that is utilized and is essential for human existence. They are assimilated substances that are used for growth of body in maintenance of tissue and cells.
CLASSIFICATION OF FOOD SOURCES:
I. Classification by origin:
a. Foods sources of animal origin.b. Food sources of vegetable origin.
II. Classification by chemical composition:
a. Carbohydrates.b. Proteins.c. Fats.d. Vitamins.e. Minerals.
III. Classification by predominant function:
a. Energy giving foods Eg: Cereals, sugars, roots, tubers, fats, and oils.
b. Body building foods. Eg: Protein.
c. Protective foods.Eg: Milk, fruits, vegetables.
IV. Classification by nutritive value:
a. Cereals and millets.b. Pulses and legumes.c. Vegetables.d. Fruits.e. Nuts and oil seeds.f. Animal food.g. Fat and oilsh. Sugars and jaggery.i. Condiments and spices.j. Other foods ( coffee, tea, tobacco, alcohol, and
Gives us energy. Aminoacids in rice are essential for building muscles and
are required for antibodies, enzymes, hormones. It is the easiest and quickest food to digest. It is the food ideal for those who are weak and require easy
assimilation and quick energy. Because of lower fiber content, it soothens the digestive
system. Rice with buttermilk helps for digestive disorders
(diarrhea, dysentery etc..).
DISADVANTAGES:
It has high glycemic index, which can cause blood glucose levels to shoot up.
It may increase the risk of type II diabetes mellitus. Does not aid bowel movements.
Controls obesity. Improves body metabolism. Prevents type II diabetes mellitus. Reduces chronic inflammation. Prevent gallstone. Reduce risk of breast cancer. Protect against coronary heart disease (heart attacks).
DISADVANTAGES:
Gluten in wheat can cause severe sensitivities and allergic reactions.
Processed wheat product rises blood sugar level, increases obesity, creates paste in the intestine like glue causing constipation.
ESSENTIAL AMINOACIDS: 1.78 gmDEFICIENCY: Tryptophan and Lysine.
ADVANTAGES:
Helps in control of cholesterol levels and reduces the risk of colon cancer.
Helps the generation of new cells especially important before and after pregnancy.
Good for anemia. Helps in kidney problems including renal dysfunction. Good for health of lungs and prevent from cancer. It contains insoluble fiber, helps in common digestive
ailments (constipation, hemorrhoids).
DISADVANTAGES:
Excessive intake of maize can lead to pellagra because of deficiency in niacin.
ESSENTIAL AMINOACIDS: 1.86 gmDEFICIENCY: Lysine and threonine.
ADVANTAGES:
It is easily digestible and being gluten free, so it is good for coeliac diseases.
Recommended for severe constipation and stomach ulcer. Helping in lowering the cholesterol level. Good for diabetes. Supporting weight loss. Helping in maintaining cardiovascular health and in acidic
problems.
DISADVANTAGES:
Excessive intake can cause uric acid deposits in systems. Contraindicated to people with kidney disease and
Controls blood sugar and cholesterol level. Shows high antioxidant activity. Free from gluten. Decrease triglycerides and C-reactive protein. Beneficial against breast cancer for postmenopausal
women. Magnesium reduces frequency of migraine attacks. Useful for atherosclerosis and diabetic heart disease.
DISADVANTAGES:
It contains oxalates, which can lead to kidney stone formations.
Used for lowering blood sugar, blood pressure and cholesterol, promoting weight loss.
Used for digestive complaints (Diarrhea, stomach pain, and IBS).
Prevents cancer and used in treatment of lung problems (Bronchitis).
It controls appetite. It is applied to skin for treating boils. It is also used in the preparation of alcoholic beverages
because it contains natural sweetner.
DISADVANTAGES:
Barley flour can sometimes cause asthma. Contraindicated during pregnancy and breast feeding. It may cause coeliac disease because it contains gluten. Surgical patients should not consume at least 2 weeks
ADVANTAGES: Helps in bone development. Promoting weight loss. Act as a relaxant. Reduce high glucose level in blood. Lower the cholesterol level in blood. Prevents and treats anemia.
DISADVANTAGES:
Excess use of ragi preparation increases oxalic acid, hence it is contraindicated for persons suffering from urinary calculi.
Acts as diuretic and astringent Used as prescription for rheumatism, worm removal,
conjunctivitis, and pilse. Hleps to remove phlegm. Horse gram liquid is used to regulate fever. It has phenol that helps for reducing weight. Helps in lowering cholesterol level. Helps in peptic ulcer, reduces flatulence. Helps in regulating menstruating problems.
DISADVANTAGES: Can cause excess bile production. Contra indicated to pregnant women and also people with
It contains folic acid, which is required by pregnant women to prevent neural tube defects in new born.
It acts as an antioxidant. Helps to lower cholesterol level. Promotes osteotrophic activity in bones. Prevents Alzheimer’s disease by limiting neural tube
dysfunction. Vitamin A content in peas helps in maintaining health of
mucus membranes, skin, and eyesight. Helps in losing weight.
DISADVANTAGES: Excess intake may increase the risk of gout because of
ESSENTIAL AMINOACIDS: 3.52 gmDEFICIENCY: Tyrosine and cystine
ADVANTAGES:
Phytochemicals in onion improve immunity. Regulates blood sugar. Reduce inflammation. Helps in production of good cholesterol Quercetin in onion prevents cancer Onion juice reduce pain and burning sensation of honey
bee bitten parts Reduces the risk of gastric ulcer Can reduce mucous blockage. Can act as diuretic.
DISADVANTAGES: They release sulfur and cause itchy or watery eyes. Can cause bad breath after eating.
Reduces high blood pressure because on nitrites present in it and is converted into nitric oxide. They help in vasodilation.
It contains soluble fibers, flavanoids and becayaniods, they are powerful antioxidants. Sot hey help reduce in oxidation of LDL, cholesterol, and does not allow it to get deposited, prevents from heart attack and stroke.
Folic acid present in it helpful for pregnant mothers and it gives extra energy boost required during pregnancy.
Treats anemia. Helps to relieve fatigue. Improve sexual health and stamina. Protects from cancer. Beats constipation and boosts brain power.
DISADVANTAGES: Excess intake can cause pink or red color urine and feces. It has oxalic acid that can interfere with absorption of
Improves vision due to carotenes, prevents cancer. Reduces risk of lung cancer, breast cancer and colon cancer. Flacarindiol has anticancer properties.
It contains soluble fibers, flavanoids and becayaniods, they are powerful antioxidants. So they help reduce in oxidation of LDL, cholesterol, and does not allow it to get deposited, prevents from heart attack and stroke.
Folic acid present in it helpful for pregnant mothers and it gives extra energy boost required during pregnancy.
Treats anemia. Helps to relieve fatigue. Improve sexual health and stamina. Protects from cancer. Beats constipation and boosts brain power.
DISADVANTAGES: Excess intake can cause yellow color in urine and
They are good sources of energy, they raise blood sugar levels rather very strongly, so recommended as low glycemic index healthy food.
The vitamin content in the yam helps in various metabolic processes and reduces bad cholesterol.
Vitamin C helps in antiaging, immune function, wound healing, bone growth.
Vitamins and beta carotene level, antioxidants, and maintaining healthy mucus membrane and vision. Growth and protection from lung and oral cavity infection.