PRACTICE PAPER 4

PRACTICE PAPER4

1Practice Paper From

www.thesatgym.com* SAT is a registered trademark of the College Board, which was not involved in the production of, and does not endorse, this product.

Practice Paper From www.thesatgym.com

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Test InstructionsUsing This BookletPlease print this PDF & only use the test pages for rough work.

SectionsThere are 10 sections in this paper. Each section is of variable time. Please stick to thetime limit. You must work on only one section at a time. Work as quickly & as accuratelyas possible.

EssayYou must get another person to score your essay. They must score you out of a maximumpossible score of twelve (12).Follow the instruction at the end of this booklet forintegrating this score with the writing section.

CalculatorThe use of calculator is permitted. However, please make sure that your calculator is inaccordance with the regulations of the College Board.

AnswersBe sure to mark your answer sheet accurately for the question under consideration. Youmust fill the circle completely. You must use a No. 2 pencil only. Carefully mark only oneanswer for each question. Do not make any stray marks on your answer sheet. If youerase, do so completely. Incompletely erasures may be scored as indented answers.

Grid-In’sAll the questions on this paper are MCQ in nature – except, the essay & “grid-ins”. Thesequestions come without any answer choices. Please enter your final answer in the spaceprovided in the answer sheet. You do not loose any point for an incorrect answer forthese category of questions.

ScoringFor each correct answer, you receive 1 point. For each skipped answer, you receive 0point. For each incorrect answer, you receive negative 0.25 point (that’s -0.25). Youranswer sheet must be scored by another person (eg: parent, teacher) and they shouldfollow the instructions at the end of this booklet. Finally, you must receive a total score &its category wise break-up.

* SAT is a registered trademark of the College Board, which was not involved in the production of, and does not endorse, this product.


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Section 1Time – 25 minutes

Essay Topic

Most people believe that others are driven by selfish motives. They believe that desire formaterial comforts, pleasures, power and/or fame drive us all. Do you agree with thisbelief? How important is it to balance the selfish and selfless that exists within us tohappily live in society? Plan and write an essay in which you develop your point of view onthis issue. Support your position with reasoning and examples taken from your reading,studies, or observations.



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Essay Answer Sheet 1_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________



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Section 2Time – 25 minutes25 Questions

DirectionsFor each question in this section, select the best answer from among the choice given and fill in the corresponding circle on the answer sheet.

Please NoteEach sentence below has one or more blanks, each blank indicating that something has beenomitted. Beneath the sentence are five words or set of words labeled A through E. Choose theword or set of words that, when inserted in the sentence, best fits the meaning of the sentenceas a whole.

1. The _______________ of appeasement was the agreement reached in Munich, Germanyprior to the Second World War; most historians concur that this is the most striking example ofthe policy.A. TroughB. pinnacleC. VestibuleD. DormitoryE. Foyer

2. His policy of _____________ his political competitors to assemble made some consider him abenevolent leader.A. suppressingB. repressingC. collaboratingD. piecingE. permitting

3. They didn't care for the home's ______________ style; they preferred a sleeker and morecontemporary look.A. temporalB. ecclesiasticC. archaicD. mundaneE. pointed

4. His ___________________ included a constant twitching of his eyes and a seemingly unstoppable quivering.A. affectionsB. concoctionsC. meritsD. idiosyncraciesE. corrections



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Section 2


5. She grossly _______________ the operation and as a result we will need to re-complete those jobs.A. awardedB. completedC. mismanagedD. enamouredE. conducted

6. The sceptical observer ____________ the clairvoyant's ability to _____________ between fact and fiction.

A. scorned ... chooseB. assisted ... dismantleC. distrusted ... discernD. questioned ... profligateE. arraigned ... Decide

7. I cannot _____________ the count of hairs on my head.A. procreateB. paradeC. fathomD. pinnacleE. pre-empt

8. Many were _____________ by the warm actor's wit and charisma.A. inundatedB. capitulatedC. beratedD. captivatedE. irritated

9. Many people believe that Adolf Hitler was not as _____________ as historians have made him out to be; in fact, he may had once been a champion of the people.A. tyrannicalB. cunningC. amorousD. qualifiedE. canonical


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Section 2Please NoteQuestions 10 and 11 are based on the following passage.

How did the term “spam” come to mean unsolicited commercial e-mail? Flash back to 1937,when Hormel Foods creates a new canned spiced ham, SPAM. Then, in World War II, SPAMluncheon meat becomes a staple of soldiers’ diets (often GIs ate SPAM two or three times aday). Next, SPAM’s wartime omnipresence perhaps inspired the 1987 Monty Python skit inwhich a breakfast-seeking couple unsuccessfully tries to order a SPAM-free meal while a chorusof Vikings drowns them out, singing “Spam, spam, spam, spam . . . .” To computer usersdrowning in junk e-mail, the analogy was obvious. “Spam,” they said, “it’s spam.”

10. The tone of the above passage can best be characterized as(A) nostalgic(B) sardonic(C) detached(D) chatty(E) Didactic

11. The parenthetic remark in lines 3 and 4 (“often . . . day”) serves mainly to(A) establish the soldiers’ fondness for SPAM(B) provide evidence of SPAM’s abundance(C) refute criticisms of wartime food shortages(D) illustrate the need for dietary supplements(E) point out the difference between military and civilian diets

Please NoteQuestions 12–23 are based on the following passage.In this excerpt from an essay on the symbolic language of dreams, the writer Erich Frommexplores the nature of symbols.One of the current definitions of a symbol is that it is “something that stands for somethingelse.” We can differentiate between three kinds of symbols: the conventional, the accidental,and the universal symbol.The conventional symbol is the best known of the three, since we employ it in everydaylanguage. If we see the word “table” or hear the sound “table,” the letters t-a-b-l-e stand forsomething else. They stand for the thing “table” that we see, touch, and use. What is theconnection between the word “table” and the thing “table”? Is there any inherent relationshipbetween them? Obviously not. The thing table has nothing to do with the sound table, and theonly reason the word symbolizes the thing is the convention of calling this particular thing by aname. We learn this connection as children by the repeated experience of hearing the word inreference to the thing until a lasting association is formed so that we don’t have to think to findthe right word. There are some words, however, in which the association is not onlyconventional. When we say “phooey,” for instance, we make with our lips a movement ofdispelling the air quickly. It is an expression of disgust in which our mouths participate. By thisquick expulsion of air we imitate and thus express our intention to expel something, to get it outof our system. In this case, as in some others, the symbol has an inherent connection with thefeeling it symbolizes. But even if we assume that originally many or even all words had theirorigins in some such inherent connection between symbol and the symbolized, most words nolonger have this meaning for us when we learn a language.


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Section 2Words are not the only illustration for conventional symbols, although they are the mostfrequent and best known ones. Pictures also can be conventional symbols. A flag, for instance,may stand for a specific country, and yet there is no intrinsic connection between the specificcolors and the country for which they stand. They have been accepted as denoting thatparticular country, and we translate the visual impression of the flag into the concept of thatcountry, again on conventional grounds.The opposite to the conventional symbol is the accidental symbol, although they have one thingin common: there is no intrinsic relationship between the symbol and that which it symbolizes.Let us assume that someone has had a saddening experience in a certain city; when he hearsthe name of that city, he will easily connect the name with a mood of sadness, just as he wouldconnect it with a mood of joy had his experience been a happy one. Quite obviously, there isnothing in the nature of the city that is either sad or joyful. It is the individual experienceconnected with the city that makes it a symbol of a mood.The same reaction could occur in connection with a house, a street, a certain dress, certainscenery, or anything once connected with a specific mood. We might find ourselves dreamingthat we are in a certain city. We ask ourselves why we happened to think of that city in oursleep and may discover that we had fallen asleep in a mood similar to the one symbolized by thecity. The picture in the dream represents this mood, the city “stands for” the mood onceexperienced in it. The connection between the symbol and the experience symbolized is entirelyaccidental.The universal symbol is one in which there is an intrinsic relationship between the symbol andthat which it represents. Take, for instance, the symbol of fire. We are fascinated by certainqualities of fire in a fireplace. First of all, by its aliveness. It changes continuously, it moves allthe time, and yet there is constancy in it. It remains the same without being the same. It givesthe impression of power, of energy, of grace and lightness. It is as if it were dancing, and had aninexhaustible source of energy. When we use fire as a symbol, we describe the inner experiencecharacterized by the same elements which we notice in the sensory experience of fire—themood of energy, lightness, movement, grace, gaiety, sometimes one, sometimes another ofthese elements being predominant in the feeling. The universal symbol is the only one in whichthe relationship between the symbol and that which is symbolized is not coincidental, butintrinsic. It is rooted in the experience of the affinity between an emotion or thought, on theone hand, and a sensory experience, on the other. It can be called universal because it is sharedby all men, in contrast not only to the accidental symbol, which is by its very nature entirelypersonal, but also to the conventional symbol, which is restricted to a group of people sharingthe same convention. The universal symbol is rooted in the properties of our body, our senses,and our mind, which are common to all men and, therefore, not restricted to individuals or tospecific groups. Indeed, the language of the universal symbol is the one common tonguedeveloped by the human race, a language which it forgot before it succeeded in developing auniversal conventional language.

12. The author contends in lines 55-57 that the language of the universal symbol(A) antedates the development of everyday conventional language(B) restricts itself to those capable of comprehending symbolism(C) should be adopted as the common tongue for the human race(D) grew out of human efforts to create a universal conventional language(E) developed accidentally from the human desire to communicate


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Section 2

13. The passage is mainly concerned with(A) refuting an argument(B) illustrating an axiom(C) describing a process(D) proving a thesis(E) refining a definition

14. The term “stand for” in line 5 means(A) tolerate(B) represent(C) withstand(D) endorse(E) rise

15. According to lines 6–15, “table” and “phooey” differ in that(A) only one is a conventional symbol(B) “table” is a better known symbol than “phooey”(C) “phooey” has an intrinsic natural link with its meaning(D) children learn “phooey” more readily than they learn “table”(E) only one is used exclusively by children

16. It can be deduced from the passage that another example of a word with both inherent andconventional associations to its meaning is(A) hiss(B) hike(C) hold(D) candle(E) telephone

17. The author contends that conventional symbols(A) are less meaningful than accidental ones(B) necessarily have an innate connection with an emotion(C) can be pictorial as well as linguistic(D) are less familiar than universal symbols(E) appeal majorly to conventionally minded People

18. Which of the following would the author of the passage most likely categorize as aconventional symbol?(A) a country road(B) a patchwork quilt(C) a bonfire(D) the city of London(E) the Statue of Liberty



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Section 219. As per the author’s argument, a relationship between the city of Paris and the mood of joy can best be described as(A) innate(B) dreamlike(C) elemental(D) coincidental(E) immutable

20. A main factor distinguishing a universal symbol from conventional and accidental symbols is(A) its origins in sensory experience(B) its dependence on a specific occasion(C) the intensity of the mood experienced(D) its unmemorable nature(E) its appeal to the individual

21. By saying “Take . . . the symbol of fire” (lines 41), the author is asking the reader to(A) grasp it as an element(B) consider it as an example(C) accept it as a possibility(D) prefer it as a category(E) assume it as a standard

22. Which one of the given choices would the author most likely classify as a universal symbol?(A) the letters f-i-r-e(B) the letters p-h-o-o-e-y(C) a red dress(D) an American flag(E) water in a stream

23. The word “properties” in line 54 means(A) possessions(B) attributes(C) investments(D) titles(E) Grounds

Please NoteQuestions 24 and 25 are based on the following passage.How does an artist train his eye? “First,” said Leonardo da Vinci, “learn perspective; then drawfrom nature.” The self-taught eighteenth century painter George Stubbs followed Leonardo’sadvice. Like Leonardo, he studied anatomy, but, unlike Leonardo, instead of studying humananatomy, he studied the anatomy of the horse. He dissected carcass after carcass, peeling awaythe five separate layers of muscles, removing the organs, baring the veins and arteries andnerves. For 18 long months he recorded his observations, and when he was done he could painthorses muscle by muscle, as they had never been painted before. Pretty decent work, forsomeone self-taught.



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Section 224. The use of the phrase “pretty decent” (line 7)conveys(A) grudging enthusiasm(B) tentative approval(C) ironic understatement(D) bitter envy(E) fundamental indifference

25. The main point of the passage is to(A) explain a phenomenon(B) describe a process(C) refute an argument(D) urge a course of action(E) argue against a practice



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Please Note All numbers used are real numbers. Figures that accompany problems in this test are indented to provide information useful in solving the problems. They are drawn as accurately as possible EXCEPT when it is stated in a problem that the figure is not drawn to scale. All figures lie in a plane unless otherwise stated. Unless otherwise specified, the domain of any function f is assumed to be the set of all real numbers x for which f(x) is a real number.

1. If 20% of a number is 8, what is 25% of the number?(A) 2(B) 10(C) 12(D) 11(E) 15

2. If x + 3 is a multiple of 3, which of the following is not a multiple of 3?(A) x(B) x + 6(C) 6x + 18(D) 2x + 6(E) 3x + 5

3. In the figure below, AB = AC. Then x =

(A) 40°(B) 80°(C) 100°(D) 60°(E) 90°



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Section 3


4.

(A) − 1/10(B) − 1/7(C)19/15(D) 1/5(E) 1

5. The toll on the Islands Bridge is $1.00 for car and driver and $.75 for each additional passenger.How many people were riding in a car for which the toll was $3.25?(A) 2(B) 3(C) 4(D) 5(E) none of these

6. If y3 = 2y2 and y ≠ 0, then y must be equal to(A) 1(B) 1/2(C) 2(D) 3(E) –1

7. If x and y are negative integers and x – y = 1, what is the least possible value for xy?(A) 0(B) 1(C) 2(D) 3(E) 4

8. A park is in the shape of a square, a triangle, and a semicircle, attached as in the diagram below. Ifthe area of the square is 144 and the perimeter of the triangle is 28, find the perimeter of the park.(A) 52 + 12π(B) 52 + 6π(C) 40 + 6π(D) 34 + 12π(E) 32 + 6π

9. An oil tank has a capacity of 45 gallons. At the beginning of October it is 80% full. At the end ofOctober it is 1/3 full. How many gallons of oil were used in October?(A) 21(B) 25(C) 41(D) 27(E) 30


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Section 3


10. AB and CD are diameters of circle O. The number of degrees in angle CAB is

(A) 50(B) 100(C) 130(D) 12.5(E) 25

11. If , then x must equal

(A) a/e(B) e/a(C) e(D) 1/a(E) none of these

12. If the sum of x and y is z and the average of m, n, and p is q, find the value of x + y + m + n + p in termsof z and q.(A) 2z + 3q(B) z + 3q(C) z + z + q/3(D) (z/2) + (q/3)(E) none of these

13. Isosceles triangle ABC is inscribed in square BCDE as shown. If the area of square BCDE is 4, theperimeter of triangle ABC is

(A) 8(B) 2 + √5(C) 2 + 2 √5(D) 2 + √10(E) 12

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Section 3


14. If a is not 0 or 1, a fraction equivalent to is,

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

(E)

15. At 3:30 P.M. the angle between the hands of aclock is(A) 90°(B) 80°(C) 75°(D) 72°(E) 65°

16. A clerk’s weekly salary is $320 after a 25% raise. What was his weekly salary before the raise?(A) $256(B) $260(C) $300(D) $304(E) $316

17. The figure below is composed of 5 equal squares. If the area of the figure is 125, find its perimeter.

(A) 60(B) 100(C) 80(D) 75(E) 20

18. Which of the following is equal to ½ of 3/5 ?(A) 3%(B) 33 %

(C) 30%(D) 83 %

(E) 120%


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Section 3


19. The length of an arc of a circle is equal to 1/5 of the circumference of the circle. If the length ofthe arc is 2π, the radius of the circle is(A) 2(B) 1(C) 10(D) 5(E) √10

20. If two sides of a triangle are 3 and 4 and the third side is x, then(A) x = 5(B) x > 7(C) x < 7(D) 1 < x < 7(E) x > 7 or x < 1

21. The smallest integer that, when squared, is less than 5 is(A) 0(B) 1(C) 2(D) 3(E) none of these

22. Mr. Prince takes his wife and two children to the circus. If the price of a child’s ticket is ½ theprice of an adult ticket and Mr. Prince pays a total of $12.60, find the price of a child’s ticket.(A) $4.20(B) $3.20(C) $1.60(D) $2.10(E) $3.30

23. If is defined as being equal to ab – c, then is equal to

(A) 30(B) 40(C) 11(D) 6(E) 15

24. The diameter of a circle is increased by 50%. The area is increased by(A) 50%(B) 100%(C) 125%(D) 200%(E) 250%


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Please NoteThe following sentences test correctness and effectiveness of expression. Part of each sentenceor entire sentence is underlined; beneath each sentence are five ways of phrasing theunderlined material. Choice A repeats the original phrasing; other four are different.In making your selection, follow the requirements of standard written English; that is grammar,choice of words, sentence construction and punctuation. Your selection should result in themost effective sentence-clear and precise, without awkwardness or ambiguity.

1. This year’s legislative council being more involved than last year’s.(A) being more involved than last year’s(B) was more involved than last year’s.(C) which was more involved than last year’s.(D) that was more involved than last year’s.(E) having been more involved than last year’s.

2. Writing a fiction novel takes nine to twelve months; depending upon the author’s experience, knowledge, and speed.(A) months; depending(B) and depending(C) months, depending(D) months depending(E) months. Depending

3. John played football with power; Hakeem finesse.(A) John played football with power; Hakeem finesse.(B) John played football with power; Hakeem, finesse.(C) John played football with power, and Hakeem played it with finesse.(D) John played football with power Hakeem finesse.(E) John played football with power— Hakeem finesse.

4. The moon cast white light on the beach the storm had finally passed the island.(A) on the beach the storm had finally passed(B) on the beach, the storm had finally passed(C) on the beach and the storm had finally passed(D) on the beach the storm was finally passed(E) on the beach; the storm had finally passed



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Section 4


5. Rarely did Lily come to work late, on Saturday she arrived late because her car broke down.(A) come to work late, on Saturday she arrived late(B) come to work late but on Saturday she arrived late(C) come to work late on Saturday she arrived late(D) come to work late, but on Saturday she arrived late(E) come to work late on Saturday she had arrived late

6. Ling hopes to visit Rio this summer, and she has not applied for her visa yet.(A) Ling hopes to visit Rio this summer, and she has not applied for her visa yet.(B) Ling hopes to visit Rio this summer; she has not applied for her visa yet.(C) Ling hopes to visit Rio this summer, and she hasn’t yet applied for her visa.(D) Ling hopes to visit Rio this summer, but a visa has not been applied for by her.(E) Ling hopes to visit Rio this summer, but she has not applied for her visa yet.

7. When he was 75 years old, Mr. Combs’ son taught him to fly.(A) When he was 75 years old, Mr. Combs’ son taught him to fly.(B) Mr. Combs’ son taught him to fly when he was 75 years old.(C) When Mr. Combs was 75 years old, his son taught him to fly.(D) At 75 years old, Mr. Combs’ son taught him to fly.(E) When he was 75 years old, his son taught him to fly.

8. To go to the premier of the new movie, seats must be reserved.(A) To go to the premier of the new movie, seats must be reserved.(B) Going to the premier of the new movie, seats must be reserved.(C) To attend the premier of the new movie, seats must be reserved.(D) To go to the premier of the new movie, you must reserve seats.(E) To go to the premier of the new movie, seats must be reserved ahead of time.

9. I relaxed while lying in the couch, and soon I fell asleep.(A) I relaxed while lying in the couch, and soon I fell asleep.(B) I relaxed while lying in the couch, falling asleep.(C) I relaxed while lying in the couch, soon I fell asleep.(D) Lying in the couch, soon I fell asleep. (E) I relaxed while lying in the couch, yet soon I fell asleep.

10. Although she is a young, vigorous female, my dog Bravo is a golden retriever.(A) Although she is a young, vigorous female, my dog Bravo is a golden retriever.(B) My dog Bravo, a golden retriever, she being young and vigorous and female.(C) Young, vigorous female, I have a golden retriever, Bravo.(D) My dog Bravo is a golden retriever, and she is a young, vigorous female.(E) Being a young, vigorous female, my dog Bravo is a golden retriever.


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Section 4Please NoteThe following sentences test your ability to recognize grammar and usage errors. Each sentencecontains either a single error or no error at all. No sentence contains more than one error. Theerror, if there is one, is underlined and lettered. If the sentence contains an error, select the oneunderlined part that must be changed to make the sentence correct. If the sentence is correct,select choice E. In choosing answers, follow the requirements of standard written English.

11. Sarah and Johanna were enjoying the hike up the mountain until she felt ill and they had to A B C D

turn back for home. No error .E

12. The achievements and also the failures of the British empire has been important issues A B

in the discussion regarding the continuation of that institution. No errorC D E

13. From the drivers’ point of view, the new speed limits proposed by the state were moreA B C

stricter than the old laws. No errorD E

14. Every evening of his adult life, the old man put on a pair of glasses, shuffled overA B C

to his easy chair, he turned on the light, and opened the old classical novels. No errorD E

15. Abandoning reason and defying fear, the refugees dashed toward the border line and A B C

freedom. No error .D E

16. Outside of John, there was no one interested in going skiing at Mammoth over the A B C

weekend. No errorD E

17. More than once, José thought of stepping on the ugly monster, but the thought of touching A B

such a dangerous hard-shelled beast with his bare foot was too revolting. No error. C D E

18. I walked along a narrow lane through dark pines; beside a brook swollen withA B

melting snow I found the old man I came to see, sitting silent and alone before hisC D

deteriorating cottage. No error .E



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Section 6


19. I exercised regularly for two months, running, lifting weights, and skipping rope, and for the first timeA B C D

I made the varsity boxing team. No error . E

20. When it comes to unpleasant stuff to do, I hate weeding and raking as much as having to eat A B C D

brussels sprouts upsets me. No errorE

21. If the operator of the JCB would have checked the control levers before beginningA B

the heavy roadwork, the machine might never have rolled and the driver would not be lyingC D

in the hospital. No error.E

22. In last Friday night’s performance, Allison was the strongest of the singers who entertainA B C

for the children’s ward of the hospital. No error. D E

23. The article in the local magazine that circulated last Sunday accuses corruption by the mayor.A B C D

No error . E

24. The tourists thought Corbett was more beautiful than any national park theyA B C D

visited. No error . E

25. When Jorgé met the members of the community, he was aggravated by their rude manners.A B C D

No error.


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Section 5Section Time – 20 minutes15 Questions


Please NoteEach sentence below has one or more blanks, each blank indicating that something has beenomitted. Beneath the sentence are five words or set of words labeled A through E. Choose theword or set of words that, when inserted in the sentence, best fits the meaning of the sentenceas a whole.

1. My family has watched the big event on TV every year and so it would be a ________________ if I were to skip watching it.A. sacrilegeB. precipitateC. constructD. adorationE. peril

2. The king lacked a truly _____________ charisma and was instead seen as commoner on the throne.A. regalB. sacredC. pillagingD. quaintE. baseborn

3. Some have ______________ the _______________ violence in today's media and entertainment; these critics claim it is just "over the top.“A. applauded ... sickeningB. questioned ... minisculeC. diminished ... augmentedD. denounced ... gratuitousE. celebrated ... Overwhelming

4. Because of the pastor's _____________ moral precepts, some considered him a ________________.A. daunting ... parasiteB. evil ... pariahC. doubtful ... hypocriteD. considerable ... liarE. destructive ... bridge-builder



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Section 5


5. Joe didn't seek to _________ the waiter, but he quietly mentioned that the service was quite ____.A. compensate ... pourousB. terrify ... commensurateC. offend ... lackingD. condemn ... maniacalE. ponder ... reflexive

6. She _______________ the mysteries of the Universe on her favorite hammock, pondering theexistence of alien life and the nature of a singularity.A. consoledB. piratedC. contemplatedD. controlledE. moved

7. The discovery of Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle contributed to the already____________________ mood of the volatile interwar phase.A. clearB. relevantC. precipitousD. crassE. indeterminate

8. All in all, one must see his _____________ in choosing to carry out such a ________ course of action.A. brilliance ... immatureB. audacity ... insolentC. solublity ... crassD. bravery ... trepidE. courage ... nonchalant

9. There was no reason to believe that she would _________________ us; she had proved to be atrustworthy buddy in the past.A. beseechB. betrayC. berateD. circumventE. delapidate

Please NoteQuestions 10–15 are based on the following passage.In the following excerpt from Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice, the members of the Bennet family reactto news of the marriage of Lydia, the youngest Bennet daughter, to Mr. Wickham. Elizabeth, oldest ofthe Bennet daughters and the novel’s heroine, is in love with Mr. Darcy and worries how this unexpectedmarriage may affect her relationship with him.A long dispute followed this declaration; but Mr. Bennet was firm: it soon led to another; and Mrs.Bennet found, with amazement and horror, that her husband would not advance a guinea1 to buyclothes for his daughter. He protested that she should receive from him no mark of affection whatever,on the occasion of her marriage. Mrs. Bennet could hardly comprehend it. That his anger could becarried to such a point of inconceivable resentment, as to refuse his daughter a privilege, without which

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Section 5


her marriage would scarcely seem valid, exceeded all that she could believe possible. She wasmore alive to the disgrace, which the want of new clothes must reflect on her daughter’s nuptials,than to any sense of shame at her eloping and living with Wickham, a fortnight before they tookplace.

Elizabeth was now most heartily sorry that she had, from the distress of themoment, been led to make Mr. Darcy acquainted with their fears for her sister; for since hermarriage would so shortly give the proper termination to the elopement, they might hope toconceal its unfavorable beginning, from all those who were not immediately on the spot.

She had no fear of its spreading farther, through his means. There were fewpeople on whose secrecy she would have more confidently depended; but at the same time, therewas no one, whose knowledge of a sister’s frailty would have mortified her so much. Not,however, from any fear of disadvantage from it, individually to herself; for at any rate, thereseemed a gulf impassable between them. Had Lydia’s marriage been concluded on the mosthonorable terms, it was not to be supposed that Mr. Darcy would connect himself with a family,where to every other objection would now be added, an alliance and relationship of the nearestkind with the man whom he so justly scorned.

From such a connection she could not wonder that he should shrink. The wish ofprocuring her regard, which she had assured herself of his feeling in Derbyshire, could not inrational expectation survive such a blow as this. She was humbled, she was grieved; she repented,though she hardly knew of what. She became jealous of his esteem, when she could no longerhope to be benefitted by it. She wanted to hear of him, when there seemed the least chance ofgaining intelligence. She was convinced that she could have been happy with him, when it was nolonger likely they should meet.

1 A British coin.

10. All of the following statements about Mrs. Bennet may be deduced from the passage EXCEPT(A) She finds a lack of proper attire more shameful than a lack of proper conduct.(B) She is ready to welcome home her newly married daughter.(C) She is sensitive to the nature of her husband’s scruples about the elopement.(D) She is unable to grasp the degree of emotion her daughter’s conduct has aroused.(E) She is primarily concerned with external appearances.

11. The “privilege” that Mr. Bennet refuses to grant his daughter (line 5) is the privilege of(A) marrying Mr. Wickham(B) buying a new wardrobe(C) running away from home(D) seeing her mother and sisters(E) having a valid wedding ceremony

12. According to the passage, Elizabeth Bennet currently (A) has ceased to crave Darcy’s affection(B) regrets having told Darcy of her sister’s elopement(C) no longer desires to conceal Lydia’s escapade(D) fears Darcy will spread the word about the sudden elopement(E) cares more for public opinion than for her family’s welfare

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13. The expression “a sister’s frailty” (line 16) refers to Elizabeth’s sister’s(A) delicate health since birth(B) embarrassing lack of proper wedding garments(C) reluctant marriage to a man whom she disdained(D) fear of being considered an old maid(E) moral weakness in running away with a man

14. According to lines 19-21, Mr. Darcy feels contempt for(A) Lydia’s hasty marriage(B) secrets that are entrusted to him(C) Elizabeth’s confession to him(D) Lydia’s new husband(E) Mr. Bennet’s harshness

15. This passage can best be described as (A) a description of the origins of a foolish and intemperate marriage(B) an account of one woman’s reflections on the effects of her sister’s runaway marriage(C) an analysis of the reasons underlying the separation of a young woman from her lover(D) a description of a conflict between a young woman and her temperamental parents(E) a discussion of the nature of sacred and profane love


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Please Note All numbers used are real numbers. Figures that accompany problems in this test are indented to provide information useful insolving the problems. They are drawn as accurately as possible EXCEPT when it is stated in aproblem that the figure is not drawn to scale. All figures lie in a plane unless otherwise stated. Unless otherwise specified, the domain of any function f is assumed to be the set of all realnumbers x for which f(x) is a real number.

1. A musical instrument depreciates by 20% of its value each year. What is the value, after 2years, of a piano purchased new for $1200?(A) $768(B) $912(C) $675(D) $48(E) $1152

2. Which of the following has the largest numerical value?(A) 3/5

(B)

(C) √.25(D) (.9)2

(E) 2/0.3

3. ¼ % written as a decimal is(A) 25(B) 2.5(C) .25(D) .025(E) .0025

4. Which of the following fractions is equal to ¼ %?(A) 1/25(B) 4/25(C) 1/4(D) 1/400(E) 1/40



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5. Roger receives a basic weekly salary of $80 plus a 5% commission on his sales. In a week in which hissales amounted to $800, the ratio of his basic salary to his commission was(A) 2:1(B) 1:2(C) 2:3(D) 3:2(E) 3:1

6. The value of is

(A) 6(B) 1/6(C) 1(D) 3(E) 3/2

7. The sum of Alan’s age and Bob’s age is 40. The sum of Bob’s age and Carl’s age is 34. The sum of Alan’sage and Carl’s age is 42. How old is Bob?(A) 18(B) 24(C) 20(D) 16(E) 12

8. On a map having a scale of 1/4 inch : 20 miles, how many inches should there be between towns 325miles apart?

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

(E)

9. In Simon’s General Score, there are m male employees and f female employees. What part of the staff is men?(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

(E)


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10. If the angles of a triangle are in the ratio 2:3:4, the triangle is(A) acute(B) isosceles(C) right(D) equilateral(E) Obtuse

11. If the length and width of a rectangle are each multiplied by 2, then(A) the area and perimeter are both multiplied by 4(B) the area is multiplied by 2 and the perimeter by 4(C) the area is multiplied by 4 and the perimeter by 2(D) the area and perimeter are both multiplied by 2(E) the perimeter is multiplied by 4 and the area by 8

12. Paul needs m minutes to mow the lawn. After he works for k minutes, what part of the lawn is still unmowed?(A) k/m(B) m/k

(C)

(D)

(E)

13. Mr. Marcus earns $250 per week. If he spends 20% of his income for rent, 25% for food, and 10% for savings, how much is left each week for other expenses?

(A) $112.50(B) $125(C) $137.50(D) $132.50(E) $140

Please NoteFor Student-Produced Response questions 14-18, write the answers in the blank spaceprovided in the answer-sheet.

14. When a certain number is divided by 2, there is no remainder. If there is a remainder whenthe number is divided by 4, what must the remainder be?

15. If there are 30 students at a meeting of the Forum Club, and 20 are wearing white, 17 arewearing black and 14 are wearing both black and white, how many are wearing neither blacknor white?


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16. A drawer contains 4 red socks and 4 blue socks. Find the least number of socks that must be drawn from the drawer to be assured of having a pair of red socks.

17. How many 2-inch squares are needed to fill a border around the edge of the shaded square with a side of 6" as shown in the figure below?

18. If ab = 10 and a2 + b2 = 30, what is the value of (a + b)2?


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Please NoteThe following sentences test correctness and effectiveness of expression. Part of each sentenceor entire sentence is underlined; beneath each sentence are five ways of phrasing theunderlined material. Choice A repeats the original phrasing; other four are different.In making your selection, follow the requirements of standard written English; that is grammar,choice of words, sentence construction and punctuation. Your selection should result in themost effective sentence-clear and precise, without awkwardness or ambiguity.

1. At her brother’s birthday party, Tina’s job was to set the table, to vacuum the living roomcarpet, and running errands for her dad.(A) to set the table, to vacuum the living room carpet, and running errands(B) to set the table to vacuum the living room carpet and running errands(C) to set the table, to vacuum the living room carpet, and to run errands(D) setting the table, vacuuming the living room carpet, and to run errands(E) to set the table, to vacuum the living room carpet, and having run errands

2. The islands out at ocean from the ship looked very small.(A) The islands out at ocean from the ship looked very small.(B) Out at ocean the islands from the ship looked very small.(C) Very small were the way the islands out at ocean looked from the ship.(D) Out at ocean from the ship the islands looked very small.(E) The islands out at ocean looked very small from the ship.

3. Maggie did not do well on the exam, and it was very easy.(A) Maggie did not do well on the exam, and it was very easy.(B) Maggie did not do well on the exam even though it was very easy.(C) Maggie did not do well on the exam, but it was very easy.(D) Maggie did not do well on the exam; it was very easy.(E) It was a very easy exam and Maggie did not do well.



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4. The students sought to matriculate at the forums of higher education, for they realized theinnate value of education.(A) The students sought to matriculate at the forums of higher education, for they realized theinnate value of education.(B) The students sought to matriculate at the forums of higher education realizing the innate valueof education.(C) Because the students realized the innate value of education, they sought to matriculate at theforums of higher education.(D) The students tried to get into college because they knew the value of education.(E) Matriculating at their choice of college was important to the students.

5. Because of accepting more responsibility at work was a stressful time for Jerome.(A) Because of accepting more responsibility at work was a stressful time for Jerome.(B) Accepting more responsibility at work caused stress for Jerome.(C) By accepting more responsibility at work, was a stressful time for Jerome.(D) Accepting more responsibility at work totally stressed Jerome out.(E) A stressful time for Jerome because he accepted more responsibility at work was.

6. As long as steak was not served, anything that the caterers suggested for the al fresco buffet wasalright with the host and hostess.(A) anything that the caterers suggested for the al fresco buffet was alright with the host andhostess.(B) anything the caterers suggested for the al fresco buffet was alright with the host and hostess.(C) anything that the caterers suggested for the al fresco buffet was alright with the host andhostess.(D) anything that the caterers suggested for the al fresco buffet was cool with the host and hostess.(E) anything that the caterers suggested for the al fresco buffet was all right with the host andhostess.

7. Although the group was not professional, the entire audience was mesmerized by thempantomiming and dancing.(A) Although the group was not professional, the entire audience was mesmerized by thempantomiming and dancing.(B) Although the group was not professional, the entire audience was mesmerized by theirpantomiming and dancing.(C) The entire audience was mesmerized by them pantomiming and dancing although the groupwas not professional.(D) The entire audience was mesmerized by their pantomiming and dancing although the groupwas not professional.(E) Although the group was not professional, the entire audience was mesmerized by theirpantomiming and the way they danced.


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8. The witness stated that, on the night in question, he heard shooting while watching the 9 o’clocknews on television.(A) The witness stated that, on the night in question, he heard shooting while watching the 9 o’clocknews on television.(B) While watching the 9 o’clock news on television, the witness stated that, on the night in question,he heard the shots.(C) The witness stated that, on the night in question, while watching the 9 o’clock news on television,he heard shooting.(D) The witness stated that on the night in question, he heard shooting, he was watching the 9 o’clocknews on television.(E) The witness stated that, on the night in question, he heard shooting, watching the 9 o’clock news ontelevision.

9. Learning to parallel park was frightening to Lisa, and she mastered the technique on her second try.(A) Learning to parallel park was frightening to Lisa, and she mastered the technique on her second try.(B) Although learning to parallel park was frightening to Lisa, she mastered the technique on hersecond try.(C) Learning to parallel park was frightening to Lisa; and she mastered the technique on her second try.(D) Because learning to parallel park was frightening to Lisa, she mastered the technique on her secondtry.(E) Mastering the technique on her second try, learning to parallel park was frightening to Lisa.

10. Margaret, who loves to dance, enjoys tap dancing, ballet, and jazz.(A) who loves to dance, enjoys tap dancing, ballet, and jazz.(B) who loves dancing, enjoys tap dancing, ballet, and jazz.(C) who loves to dance—enjoys tap dancing, ballet, and jazz.(D) enjoys tap dancing, ballet, and jazz.(E) who enjoys dancing and loves tap dancing, ballet, and jazz.


Please NoteThe following is an early draft of an essay. Some parts of the passage need to be rewritten.Read the passage and select the best answers for the questions that follow. Some questions are aboutparticular sentence or parts of sentences and ask you to improve sentence structure or word choice.Other questions ask you to consider organization and development. In choosing answers, follow therequirements of standard written English.

The questions 11-15 are based on the following essay about environmental pollutants.(1) What causes a normal human cell to mutate and become a menace to its body? (2) Scientists founda connection over two hundred years ago. (3) A major culprit, they discovered, is environmentalagents—chemicals in the air you breathe, the food they eat, and the water we drink. (4) Today, theWorld Health Organization estimates that 60 to 90 percent of all cancers are associated withenvironmental pollutants.(5) Carcinogens are those cancer-producing agents. (6) They are predominantly hydrocarbons. (7) Suchcancer-producing agents are found in cigarettes. (8) Scientific data disclosed by the Surgeon Generalof the United States support a strong link betweensmoking and lung cancer. (9) Of all lung cancer patients, 90 percent are smokers.


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(10) Another environmental carcinogen is radiation. (11) The ultra-violet rays of the sun can cause geneticmutations in the cells of the skin. (12) Such mutations can lead to cancer.(13) In fact, extensive exposure to the sun makes skin cancer a common type of malignancy for light-skinned people.(14) Emissions, from radioactive materials, can trigger wild growth of cancerous cells. (15) The tragiccases of deadly cancers after the Chernobyl reactor accident illustrate this danger. (16) Certainly survivorsof Hiroshima and Nagasaki have extremely elevated cancer rates.(17) Environmental factors contribute to cancer. (18) While people cannot avoid all of them, theycertainly can take precautions. (19) Eliminating use of tobacco products, apply sun screens, and if youavoid dangerous situations, individuals will help to curtail their risk of contracting cancer.

11. Which sentence contains the thesis statement of this passage?(A) Sentence 1(B) Sentence 2(C) Sentence 3(D) Sentence 4(E) Sentence 17

12. What is the best modification of sentence 3 for clarity and style?(A) A major culprit, they discovered, is environmental agents—chemicals in the air we breathe, the foodwe eat, and the water we drink.(B) They discovered a major culprit, environmental agents; for example, chemicals in the air you breathe,the food they eat, and the water we drink.(C) A major culprit, they discovered, are environmental agents—chemicals in the air you breathe, thefood you eat, and the water you drink.(D) They discovered environmental agents are a major culprit; chemicals in the air you breathe, the foodthey eat, and the water we drink.(E) Environmental agents are a major culprit, scientists discovered. Chemicals in the air you breathe areone. The food that you eat is one. The water you drink is another.

13. What is the best way to rephrase and combine sentences 5, 6, and 7?(A) Carcinogens are those cancer-producing agents, are predominantly hydrocarbons, and such cancer producing agents are found in cigarettes.(B) Carcinogens, cancer-producing agents, are predominantly hydrocarbons, such as those found in cigarettes.(C) Carcinogens, cancer-producing agents, are predominantly hydrocarbons; they are cancer-producing agents and are found in cigarettes.(D) Carcinogens, those cancer-producing agents that are predominantly hydrocarbons found in cigarettes.(E) Carcinogens, those cancer-producing agents, are predominantly hydrocarbons, such cancer-producing agents are found in cigarettes.


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14. Which rephrase of sentence 13 is the best for increasing coherence?(A) Emissions from radioactive materials can trigger wild growth of cancerous cells.(B) A third environmental factor, emissions from radioactive materials, can trigger wild growth of cancerous cells.(C) Also, emissions, from radioactive materials, can trigger wild growth of cancerous cells.(D) Emissions, chemicals from radioactive materials, can trigger wild growth of cancerous cells.(E) Emissions from radioactive materials, triggering wild growth of cancerous cells, another factor of environmental pollution.

15. What organizational method does this passage employ?(A) Order of importance(B) Spatial order(C) Chronological(D) Compare and contrast(E) Descriptive order

Please NoteQuestion 16-20 are based on the passage below.(1) In Egyptian culture and society, painting is its people’s history. (2) It makes its first appearance inprehistory; its last phase belongs to the Greco-Roman period. (3) The paintings of Fayum, for instance,came under Egyptian, Greek, and Roman influences, and are described in many art books under all threedifferent civilizations.(4) As is also true in Greek painting, much Egyptian painting is on reliefs. (5) These are almost alwaysmade of hard limestone rather than the harder marble. (6) Art from the tomb of Seti at Thebes serves asexamples. (7) Examples of Greek friezes are found in Athens and at the British Museum in London. (8)More common are the paintings on papyrus, especially in The Book of the Dead; these were placed intombs where they have been discovered in great numbers.(9) The Egyptians had a remarkable, lively sense of color. (10) They loved to juxtapose contrasting color.(11) Egyptian paintings were unique in color and that was a reflection of their vivid environment. (12)They demonstrated an understanding of color. (13) The artists succeeded in painting works of art thathad both original character and creative character.(14) Apart from their artistic value, the paintings provide an almost inexhaustible variety of scenes fromthe life of the Egyptian people. (15) In minute detail the paintings capture the humble activities ofworkmen, brick layers, and peasants, as well as the ceremonies and actions of the Pharaohs and otherdignitaries in peace and war. (16) Taken together, these paintings provide a visual history of this long-lasting civilization.(17) All this indicates that Egyptian painters truly understood their mission. (18) The artists adapted theirwork to the demands made upon them by their individual environment, sensitivity, race, culture, andhistorical and geographical situation. (19) The result was paintings of great beauty and historicalrelevance.

16. Considering the main theme of the whole essay, which of the following is the best revision of sentence1?(A) Egyptian painting and culture is as great as its people’s history.(B) Egyptian art and culture, so totally cool, is as impressive as its people’s history.(C) Egyptian painting follows the sweep of its people’s history.(D) Some experts may argue that Egyptian painting is the most sweepingly impressive in history.(E) Egyptian painting follows its people’s history, but we know that some will be destroyed because of flood control on the Nile River.


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17. Which is the best revision of the underlined segment of sentence 8 given below?More common are the paintings on papyrus, especially in The Book of the Dead; these were placed intombs where they have been discovered in great numbers.(A) these pictures were placed in tombs where they have been discovered in great numbers.(B) these were placed in tombs where they have been discovered in great numbers. More common arethe paintings on papyrus.(C) they placed them in tombs where they have been discovered in great numbers.(D) placed in tombs where they have been discovered in great numbers.(E) archaeologists found them in tombs where they have been discovered in great numbers.

18. To improve the coherence of paragraph 2, which of the following is the best sentence to omit?(A) Sentence 4(B) Sentence 5(C) Sentence 6(D) Sentence 7(E) Sentence 8

19. With regard to the essay, which of the following best explains the writer’s intention in paragraphs 2, 3& 4?(A) To compare and contrast Egyptian and Greek art(B) To provide evidence that there is a relationship between Egyptian painting and Egyptian history(C) To convince the reader that Egyptian painting is timeless(D) To describe the beauty and the expertise of Egyptian paintings(E) To analyze the subtle changes in Egyptian painting throughout history

20. In the context of the essay, which is the best combination for sentences 11, 12, and 13 in paragraph 3?(A) Egyptian painters were unique, they demonstrated an understanding of color that reflected theirenvironment, and succeeded in paintingworks of art that had both original character and creative character.(B) Unique Egyptian painters demonstrated an understanding of color, which succeeded, through theefforts and talents of the artists, as works of art that had both original character and creative character,while reflecting the colors of the environment.(C) Egyptian painters were unique with an understanding of color that reflected their environment. Thisallowed the artists to be successful painting works of art that had both original character and creativecharacter.(D) Egyptian painters demonstrated uniqueness in their understanding of environmental color, and thussucceeding in painting works of artthat had both original character and creative character.(E) With their unique understanding of the colors of their environment, artists succeeded in paintingworks of art with original and creative character.

Section 8 Time – 25 minutes20 Questions



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Please NoteQuestions 1-9 are based on the following passage.The following passage is taken from a classic study of tarantulas published in Scientific American in1952.A fertilized female tarantula lays from 200 to 400 eggs at a time; thus it is possible for a singletarantula to produce several thousand young. She takes no care of them beyond weaving a cocoonof silk to enclose the eggs. After they hatch, the young walk away, find convenient places in whichto dig their burrows and spend the rest of their lives in solitude. Tarantulas feed mostly on insectsand millipedes. Once their appetite is appeased, they digest the food for several days before eatingagain. Their sight is poor, being limited to sensing a change in the intensity of light and to theperception of moving objects. They apparently have little or no sense of hearing, for a hungrytarantula will pay no attention to a loudly chirping cricket placed in its cage unless the insecthappens to touch one of its legs.

But all spiders, and especially hairy ones, have an extremely delicate sense of touch.Laboratory experiments prove that tarantulas can distinguish three types of touch: pressure againstthe body wall, stroking of the body hair and riffling of certain very fine hairs on the legs calledtrichobothria. Pressure against the body, by a finger or the end of a pencil, causes the tarantula tomove off slowly for a short distance. The touch excites no defensive response unless the approach isfrom above, where the spider can see the motion, in which case it rises on its hind legs, lifts its frontlegs, opens its fangs and holds this threatening posture as long as the object continues to move.When the motion stops, the spider drops back to the ground, remains quiet for a few seconds, andthen moves slowly away.The entire body of a tarantula, especially its legs, is thickly clothed with hair. Some of it is short andwoolly, some long and stiff. Touching this body hair produces one of two distinct reactions. Whenthe spider is hungry, it responds with an immediate and swift attack. At the touch of a cricket’santennae the tarantula seizes the insect so swiftly that a motion picture taken at the rate of 64frames per second shows only the result and not the process of capture. But when the spider is nothungry, the stimulation of its hairs merely causes it to shake the touched limb. An insect can walkunder its hairy belly unharmed.The trichobothria, very fine hairs growing from disklike membranes on the legs, were once thoughtto be the spider’s hearing organs, but we now know that they have nothing to do with sound. Theyare sensitive only to air movement. A light breeze makes them vibrate slowly without disturbing thecommon hair. When one blows gently on the trichobothria, the tarantula reacts with a quick jerk ofits four front legs. If the front and hind legs are stimulated at the same time, the spider makes asudden jump. This reaction is quite independent of the state of its appetite.These three tactile responses—to pressure on the body wall, to moving of the common hair, and toflexing of the trichobothria—are so different from one another that there is no possibility ofconfusing them. They serve the tarantula adequately for most of its needs and enable it to avoidmost annoyances and dangers. But they fail the spider completely when it meets its deadly enemy,the digger wasp Pepsis.


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1. According to the writer, which of the following attributes is (are) characteristic of female tarantulas?I. Maternal instinctsII. Visual acuityIII. Fertility(A) I only(B) II only(C) III only(D) I and III only(E) II and III only

2. Lines 3-4 primarily suggest that the female tarantula(A) becomes apprehensive at sudden noises(B) is better able to discern pressure than stroking(C) must consume insects or millipedes daily(D) constructs a cocoon for her young(E) is reclusive by nature

3. The word “excites” in line 14 most nearly means(A) irritates(B) delights(C) stimulates(D) exhilarates(E) infuriates

4. The author’s attitude toward tarantulas would mainly be described as(A) fearful(B) sentimental(C) approving(D) objective(E) incredulous

5. The primary purpose of the passage is to(A) report on controversial new discoveries about spider behavior(B) summarize what is known about the physical and social responses of tarantulas(C) challenge the findings of recent laboratory experiments involving tarantulas(D) explain the lack of social organization in the spider family(E) discuss the physical adaptations that make tarantulas unique

6. The description of what happens when one films a tarantula’s reaction to the touch of a cricket (lines21-23) chiefly is intended to convey a sense of the tarantula’s(A) omnivorous appetite(B) photogenic appearance(C) graceful movement(D) quickness in attacking(E) lack of stimulation


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7. The word “independent” in line 31 most nearly means(A) individualistic(B) self-governing(C) affluent(D) regardless(E) detached

8. In the given passage, the author does all of the following EXCEPT(A) deny a possibility(B) describe a reaction(C) correct a misapprehension(D) define a term(E) pose a question

9. In the paragraphs following this passage, the author most likely will -(A) explain why scientists previously confused the tarantula’s three tactile responses(B) demonstrate how the tarantula’s three tactile responses enable it to meet its needs(C) point out the weaknesses of the digger wasp that enable the tarantula to subdue it(D) report on plans for experiments to explore the digger wasp’s tactile sense(E) describe how the digger wasp goes about attacking tarantulas

Please NoteQuestion 10-20 are based on the below passageThe following passages describe the settling of the American West during the nineteenth century.The first was written by a social historian and scholar. The second comes from a widely usedtextbook in American history.Passage 1The populating of nearly one billion acres of empty land west of the Mississippi occurred in a seriesof peristaltic waves, beginning in the 1840s and continuing for the rest of the century. First to arrivewas the advance guard, the trailblazers—explorers, trappers, and mountain men, hide and tallowtraders, freelance adventurers, the military. Then the settlers in their wagon trains lumbering overthe Oregon Trail to the lush meadows of the Oregon Territory and the inland valleys of California.Next, the gold-seekers, bowling across the plains and deserts pell-mell in 1848, working up anddown the California mountain ranges, then backtracking to the gold and silver country in theRockies and the Southwest. And finally, a last great wave, first by wagons, then by railroads, to mopup the leapfrogged Great Plains. By 1890 the great movement west was over, ending in a finalhurrahing stampede of boomers into Oklahoma Territory, a rush of humanity that created entiretowns in an afternoon.

The vast, empty land demanded new tools, new social organizations, new men andwomen. And it produced a new canon of myths and heroes—the stuff of countless dime novels,Wild West shows, movies, and television series for later generations. The heroes are familiarenough—the cowboys, the lawmen, the gamblers, the gold-hearted dancehall girls, the bad mentoo, for heroes need evil to conquer. The western town played a part, too, mainly as backdrop andchorus, before which the central figures enacted their agon (struggle; contest). The fictionalwestern town was as rigidly formalized as the set for a Japanese No play—the false-front stores on adusty street lined with hitching rails, the saloons with bar, gambling tables, and stage for thedancers, the general store, the jail, and the church. The people of the chorus had a stereotypicalform—women in crinolines and the men in frock coats and string ties, their striped pants tuckedinto boots. Their lives were projected as dim, ordinary, law-abiding shadows, against which were

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contrasted the bold-hued dramas of the principals. These were the “decent folk,” whom the heroiclawmen died for; they were the meek who would inherit the set after the leading actors left and thelast wild cowboy was interred in Boot Hill. Colorless, sober, conservative, salt-of-the-earth, theyrepresented the future—and a dull one it was. Occasionally, as in the film High Noon, their passivevirtues were transmogrified into hypocrisy and timidity, mocking the lonely courage of the marshalthey had hired to risk his life for them. The implication was: Are these dull, cautious folk really theworthy heirs of the noble cowboys? In Steven Crane’s short story The Bride Comes to Yellow Sky, thelast cowboy is a drunken anachronism, wearing his nobility in tatters, yet not to be scorned.

Passage 2It was the miners who established the first outposts of the Far West. The discovery of gold inCalifornia had transformed that commonwealth from a pastoral outpost of New Spain to a thrivingAmerican state and had opened up new and varied economic activities— farming, shipping,railroading, and manufacturing. That experience was to be repeated again and again in the history ofthe mining kingdom; in the rush to Pike’s Peak country in 1859, to Alder Gulch and Last Chance inMontana and the banks of the Sweetwater in Wyoming in the middle sixties, to the Black Hills of theDakota country in the seventies. Everywhere the miners opened up the country, established politicalcommunities, and laid the foundations for more permanent settlements. As the gold and silverplayed out or fell into the hands of eastern corporations and mining fever abated, the settlers wouldperceive the farming and stock-raising possibilities around them or find work on the railroads thatwere pushing in from the East and West. Some communities remained almost exclusively mining, butthe real wealth of Montana and Colorado, Wyoming and Idaho, as of California, was in their grassand their soil. Even in mineral wealth the value of the precious metals which had first luredadventurers was shortly exceeded by that of the copper and coal and oil which were so abundant. . . .Even while the miners were grubbing in the hills of Nevada and Montana, a new and more importantchapter was being written in the history of the West. This was the rise of the cattle kingdom. Thephysical basis of the kingdom was the grasslands of the West, stretching unbroken from the RioGrande to the northern frontier, from Kansas and Nebraska into the Rocky Mountain valleys. Heremillions of buffaloes had roamed at will, but within two decades the buffalo was tobecome almost extinct and its place taken by even more millions of Texas longhorns and Wyomingand Montana steers. . . .The cattle kingdom, like the mining, had its romantic side, and the remembrance of this has persistedin the American consciousness after the cattle kingdom itself has vanished. The lonely life on theplain, the roundup, the hieroglyphic brands, the long drive, the stampede, the war with cattlerustlers, the splendid horsemanship, the picturesque costume designed for usefulness, not effect—the wild life of the cow towns like Abilene and Cheyenne, all have found their way into Americanfolklore and song. Children array themselves now in imitation cowboy suits, moving-pictureranchmen shoot down rustlers with unerring aim, and the whole country sings what was reputed tobe President Franklin Roosevelt’s favorite song:

Home, home on the range,Where the deer and the antelope playWhere seldom is heard, a discouraging word,And the skies are not cloudy all day.

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10. The writer of Passage 1 believes that after the westward migration the settlers were portrayed as people who(A) settled into routine lives(B) yearned for a return to the romantic days of the past(C) turned into hypocrites(D) failed to do what was expected of them(E) recreated their past in books, movies, and TV shows

11. The allusion to the cowboy in The Bride Comes to Yellow Sky (lines 29) is meant to show that(A) the people rejected the heroes of the Old West(B) many of the myths of the Old West were false(C) the legendary heroes of the Old West became obsolete(D) drunkenness and reckless behavior tarnished the image of the heroic cowboys of theOld West(E) all glamorous and romantic eras eventually die out

12. The center of the so-called “mining kingdom” (lines 33-39), as described in Passage 2,(A) was located in California(B) stretched from the Mississippi River to the western mountains(C) shifted from place to place(D) began in the Far West and then jumped to the East(E) drifted west throughout the second half of the nineteenth century

13. As per Passage 2, when the gold and silver ran out, the miners switched to(A) working on the land(B) searching for oil and other fuels(C) cattle rustling(D) their previous occupations(E) digging for other minerals

14. According to the author of Passage 2 believes that the defining event in the history of the West was(A) the founding of new cities and towns(B) the discovery of precious metals(C) the growth of the cattle industry(D) the development of the mining kingdom(E) the coming of the railroad

15. Passage 2 implies that the buffalo were almost extinct in the Great Plains because(A) they roamed westward(B) their land was fenced off for agriculture(C) the land could no longer support hugebuffalo herds(D) they were killed to make room for cattlegrazing(E) they were driven north to Canada and south to Mexico


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Section 8


16. In Passage 2, the cowboy of the Old West is remembered today for all of the following EXCEPT his(A) distinctive clothing(B) ability to ride horses(C) law-abiding nature(D) fights with cattle thieves(E) rugged individualism

17. Both the passages suggest that settlers were attracted to California because of its(A) gold(B) mountains(C) seacoast(D) scenic splendor(E) fertile valleys

18. The authors of both the passages seem to have a common interest in(A) defining the American dream(B) political history(C) mining(D) American folklore and legend(E) the social class structure in America

19. Compared to the account of the westward movement in Passage 1, Passage 2 pays more heed to the role of(A) pioneer families(B) miners(C) politicians(D) entrepreneurs(E) outlaws discussion of the miner.

20. According to Passage 1, the settling of the West happenned(A) during a steady migration that lasted for 60 years(B) intermittently as people went farther and farther west(C) in two waves, the first during the 1840s, the last in the 1890s(D) in no discernible order(E) sometimes slowly and sometimes rapidly during a 50-year period


44



Please Note All numbers used are real numbers. Figures that accompany problems in this test are indented to provide information useful insolving the problems. They are drawn as accurately as possible EXCEPT when it is stated in aproblem that the figure is not drawn to scale. All figures lie in a plane unless otherwise stated. Unless otherwise specified, the domain of any function f is assumed to be the set of all realnumbers x for which f(x) is a real number.

1. What is the area of the shaded portion if the perimeter of the square is 32? (The four circlesare tangent to each other and the square, and are congruent.)

(A) 32 – 16π(B) 64 – 16π(C) 64 – 64π(D) 64 – 8π(E) 32 – 4π

2. 15. How far is the point (–3, –4) from the origin?(A) 2(B) 2.5(C) 4 √2(D) 4 √3(E) 5

3. The product of 3456 and 789 is exactly(A) 2726787(B) 2726785(C) 2726781(D) 2726784(E) 2726786

4. Susan got up one morning at 7:42 A.M. and went to bed that evening at 10:10 P.M. Howmuch time elapsed between her getting up and going to bed that day?(A) 18 hrs. 2 min.(B) 14 hrs. 18 min.(C) 15 hrs. 18 min.(D) 9 hrs. 22 min.(E) 14 hrs. 28 min.



45

Section 9


5. Find the perimeter of right triangle ABC if the area of square AEDC is 100 and the area of squareBCFG is 36.

(A) 22(B) 24(C) 16 + 6 √3(D) 16 + 6 √2(E) cannot be determined from information given

6. Find the number of degrees in angle 1 if AB =AC, DE = DC, angle 2 = 40°, and angle 3 = 80°.

(A) 60(B) 40(C) 90(D) 50(E) 80

7. If p pencils cost 2D dollars, how many pencils can be bought for c cents?

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

(E) 200pcD

8. Two trains start from the same station at 10 A.M., one traveling east at 60 m.p.h. and the other west at 70 m.p.h. At what time will they be 455 miles apart?(A) 3:30 P.M.(B) 12:30 P.M.(C) 1:30 P.M.(D) 1 P.M.(E) 2 P.M.


46

Section 9


9. If x < 0 and y < 0, then(A) x + y > 0(B) x = –y(C) x > y(D) xy > 0(E) xy < 0

10. Which of the following is the product of 4327 and 546?(A) 2362541(B) 2362542(C) 2362543(D) 2362546(E) 2362548

11. 24. If a classroom contains 20 to 24 students andeach corridor contains 8 to 10 classrooms, whatis the minimum number of students on onecorridor at a given time, if all classrooms areoccupied?(A) 200(B) 192(C) 160(D) 240(E) 210

12. If the area of each circle enclosed in rectangle ABCD is 9π, the area of ABCD is(A) 108(B) 27(C) 54(D) 54π(E) 108π

13. Of the students at South High, 1/3 are seniors. Of the seniors, ¾ will go to college next year.What percent of the students at South High will go to college next year?(A) 75(B) 25(C) 33.33(D) 50(E) 45

Please NoteFor Student-Produced Response questions 14-18, write the answers in the blank space provided in the answer-sheet.

14. Marion is paid $24 for 5 hours of work in the school office. Janet works 3 hours and makes $10.95. How much more per hour does Marion make than Janet?


47

Section 9


15. If the outer diameter of a cylindrical oil tank is 54.28 inches and the inner diameter is 48.7inches, what is the thickness of the wall of the tank, in inches?

16. What number added to 40% of itself is equal to 84?

17. A plane flies over Denver at 11:20 A.M. It passes over Coolidge, 120 miles from Denver, at11:32 A.M. Find the rate of the plane in miles per hour.

18. In May, Carter’s Appliances sold 40 washing machines. In June, because of a special promotion,the store sold 80 washing machines. What is the percent of increase in the number of washingmachines sold?


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Please NoteThe following sentences test your ability to recognize grammar and usage errors. Each sentencecontains either a single error or no error at all. No sentence contains more than one error. Theerror, if there is one, is underlined and lettered. If the sentence contains an error, select the oneunderlined part that must be changed to make the sentence correct. If the sentence is correct,select choice E. In choosing answers, follow the requirements of standard written English.

1. The committee, made up of several women, are deciding on the event budget next week.A B C D

No error.E

2. We enjoyed the brilliant sunshine of the beach so much that morning that when we leftA B

there was only one couple and one lifeguard still there. No error.C D E

3. A smart tennis player such as Nadal is someone who knows how to move around the court,A B C

can hit winners at the net, and controls their emotions. No error.D E

4. In a survey of the school’s sixth graders, playing in gym class, painting in artA

class, participating in science labs and lunch time were all mentioned repeatedly asB C

favorite activities in school. No error.D E

5. The teacher asked Shawn and I if we could, due to the upcomingA B

exams, attend her review class after school. No error.C D E

6. The two coaches decided not to pick the team right after practiceA B

that day, but they do talk on the phone and made the final decisions that night. No error.C D E



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Section 10


7. Marvin felt extremely confident going into the final round of interviews, because his list ofA B

credentials was far more impressive than his competitor. No error.C D E

8. When the opera finally came to a conclusion at ten, we still had not eaten dinnerA

and wanted to decide quick what type of food everyone would be happy with. No error.B C D E

9. The reason for the poor attendance at today’s annual meeting is because the weather has beenA B C

highly unpredictable all week. No error.D E

10. The travel tour through Germany is intended for families with a young child. No error.A B C D E

11. The Army of the Cumberland operated primarily in the states of Georgia, Tennessee,A B C

and Kentucky during the Civil War. No error .D E

12. According to psychologists and consultants, a message conveyed by telephone is less effective thanA B C

in person. No error .D E

13. Mr. Smith was torn because he both wanted to keep his job in New York and to move to a farmingA B C D

community. No error .E

14. Because he dreams of playing professional basketball, John wishes that he was a few inches taller.A B C D

No error .E

15. As hurricane Katrina stormed along the predicted path up the mid-Atlantic coast, it leftA B C

record-breaking destruction in her path. No error .D E


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Answer Sheet Practice Test # 4



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Writing Score

(A) Total (Correct) in Section 4,7 and 10=______

(B) Total Incorrect in Section 4,7 and 10 =_____

Raw Score = (A) – (B/4)______________________

Total Rounded Raw Score(rounded to the nearest whole number)

_________________

Essay Score ___

Scaled Score(see table 3 on next page)

_______


53

Scoring SheetReading Math Writing

Section 2 5 8 3 6 9 4 7 101 B A C B A B B C C2 E A E E E E D E C3 C D C C E D C B D4 D C D E D E E D B5 C C B C A B D B A6 C C D C A C E E C7 C E D C D B C B D8 D B E C A C D C B9 A B E A D D A B C

10 D C A E A B D D D11 B B C B C C C C E12 A B C B D A A A D

13 E E A C A B C B B

14 B D C A 2 1.15 D B D15 C B D C 7 2.79 E A D16 A C A 6 60 A C17 C A A 16 600 E A18 E D C 50 100 E D19 D B D C B20 A E D D E21 B E A22 E D C23 B A B24 C C D25 B C

Total (Correct)Total (Wrong)

Total (Skipped)

Reading Score

(A) Total (Correct) in Section 2,5 and 8 =_______

(B) Total Incorrect in Section 2,5 and 8 =______

Raw Score = (A) – (B/4)______________________


_________________


_______

Math Score

(A) Total (Correct) in Section 3,6 and 9 =_______

(B) Total Incorrect in Section 3,6 and 9 =______

Raw Score = (A) – (B/4)______________________Note No negative marking for grid-in’s


_________________


_______



54

Raw Score Scaled Score-15 to 0 210

1 2202 2303 2404 2505 2606 2707 2808 2909 300

10 31011 32012 33013 34014 35015 36016 37017 38018 39019 40020 41021 42022 43023 44024 45025 46026 47027 48028 49029 50030 51031 52032 53033 54034 55035 56036 57037 58038 59039 60040 61041 62042 63043 64044 65045 66046 67047 68048 69049 70050 71051 72052 73053 74054 75055 76056 77057 78058 790

59, 60 800

Raw Score Scaled Score-15 to 0 210

1 2202 2303 2404 2505 2606 2707 2808 2909 300

10 31011 32012 33013 34014 35015 36016 37017 38018 39019 40020 41021 42022 43023 44024 45025 46026 47027 48028 49029 50030 51031 52032 53033 54034 55035 56036 57037 58038 59039 60040 61041 62042 63043 64044 65045 66046 67047 68048 69049 70050 71051 72052 73053 74054 75055 76056 77057 78058 790

59, 60 800

Table 1 (Reading) Table 2 (Math)



55

Table 3 (Writing)

Essay ScoreRaw Score 0 to 3 4 to 6 7 to 9 10 to 12

-15 to 0 230 240 250 2901 230 240 250 3002 240 250 260 3103 240 250 260 3204 250 260 270 3305 250 260 270 3406 260 270 280 3507 260 270 280 3608 270 280 290 3609 270 280 290 370

10 280 290 300 37011 280 290 300 38012 290 300 310 38013 290 300 310 39014 300 310 320 39015 300 310 320 40016 310 320 330 40017 310 320 330 41018 320 330 340 41019 320 330 340 42020 330 340 350 42021 330 340 350 43022 340 350 360 43023 340 350 360 44024 350 360 370 44025 350 360 370 45026 360 370 380 45027 360 380 390 46028 370 390 400 46029 380 400 410 47030 390 400 410 48031 400 410 420 49032 410 420 430 50033 420 430 440 51034 430 440 450 52035 440 450 460 53036 450 460 470 54037 460 470 480 55038 470 480 490 56039 480 490 500 57040 490 500 510 58041 500 510 520 59042 510 520 530 60043 520 530 540 61044 530 540 550 62045 540 550 560 63046 550 560 570 64047 560 570 580 65048 560 570 590 66049 570 580 600 67050 570 580 610 68051 580 590 620 69052 580 590 630 72053 590 600 640 74054 590 610 660 75055 600 620 670 76056 610 630 680 77057 620 640 700 78058 630 650 710 790

59, 60 640 660 720 800



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