Prabhava- The ultimate action of a dravya

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WELCOME

Please occupy your seats

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Good Afternoon

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Ayurveda- Compendium of Wisdom

Authentic concepts & theories

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Acquired knowledge

Traditional

Academic- Samhitas,

Commentaries

Practical

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Is this knowledge enough???

Do we have to explore & revive the intricacies of the basic knowledge we possess…..

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Do question, even the basics!You will be a fool for once!If you don't, you will be, for a lifetime..” ― Himmilicious

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Reviving the concept ofPrabhava

Department of Dravyagunavijnana

VPSV Ayurveda College,Kottakkal

Dr. Praseetha P G Dr.N.Manojkumar

I MD Scholar Reader

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Contents of Discussion

Review of Prabhava

Reanalyzing Prabhava

Reviving Prabhava

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Prabhava- A Review

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1. Origin of the concept

2. Defining Prabhava

3. Concept in detail

4. Authenticity

5. Importance of Prabhava

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Human-The Supreme Explorer

• First Physician wandered in Jungle

• Critical Observations

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Discovery of Dravya

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Chikitsa

Dravya Chikitsa

Adravya Chikitsa

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द्रव्यमा�श्रयलक्षणं पञ्चा�ना�मा�(र.वै�.सू�.१/१६६)

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DRAVYA

Rasa

Guna

Veerya

Vipaka

Prabhava

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Prabhava

प्र + भू� + घञ्�

(वै�चास्पत्यमा�)“ प्रकृ� ष्टो भू�वै प्रभू�वै:”

प्रभूवैति" सू�मात्य#तिवैशि%ष्टो भूवैति" द्रव्य अना'ना इति" प्रभू�वै: I

(चाक्रप�णिणं)

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More Powerfull

Dominant

Excelling

Distinguished

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Other contexts

Vedas & Puranas

Power

Influence

Manifestation

Of material existence

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Defining Prabhava

रसूवै+य#तिवैप�कृ�ना� सू�मा�न्य यत्र लक्ष्य"' I तिवै%'ष: कृमा#णं� चा�वै प्रभू�वैस्"स्य सू स्मा�":II

(चा.सू�-२६)

रसूवै+य#तिवैप�कृ�ना� परस्परसू�म्य' अतिप यद्� तिवैशि%ष्टो कृमा# दृश्य"' ""� प्रभू�वैजं तिवैद्धि9 I

(इन्दु)

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सूवै�#ति"%�यिय द्रव्यस्वैभू�वै: प्रभू�वै:(अ.सू.सू�-१७)

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Concept of Prabhava

  प्रभू�वै अशिचान्त्य: कृ=दृकृ� कृद्� कृ> "स्य इति" ज्ञा�"> ना %क्य"'

सूद्तिप "त्कृ�रणं माहा�भू�"तिवै%'षपरिरणं�मा�ख्यअस्मातिDधै�: "त्र�यिधैगन्"> ना %क्य": इत्यर्थ#:

(इन्दु)

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Various terminologies

रसूग>णंभू�"सूमा>द्�य�श्च एष� अनावैधै�रणं+य "र्थ�रसूभू�"सूमा>द्�य�ना� अन्य'ष� अन्यर्थ�वै+य#त्वै�"�

(ना�ग�जं>#ना)

अमा+मा�स्य�न्यशिचान्त्य�तिना प्रशिसू9�तिना स्वैभू�वै":

आगमा'ना पय ज्य�तिना भू'षजं�तिना तिवैचाक्षणं�:(सू>.सू�-४०)

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प्रत्यक्षलक्षणंफल�: प्रशिसू9�श्च स्वैभू�वै":

नाOषधै+हाP">णिभूर्विवैR9�ना� पर+क्ष'" कृद्�चानाI

सूहास्रे'णं�तिप हा'"�ना� ना�म्बष्टो�दिद्र्विवैRर'च्य"' "स्मा�णिWष्ठे'W> माति"मा�ना� आगमा' ना "> हा'">ष>II

(सू>.सू�-४०)

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Different interpretation

Cakrapani:

Veerya-

Chintya sakthi

Achintya sakthi

"त्द्र�व्यमा�त्माना� तिकृञ्चिञ्चा"� Prabhava

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Is it a final word????...Or a clue to something

more…..

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Passing time & changing theories

Hallmark of many systems of medicine

Certain levels of uncertainty

What to believe? What to forget ?

Approximate or Accurate?

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Ayurveda- The Eternal Science

Time tested science of life

Time-tested theories

Accept defeat rather than fake win

Reasoning beyond one’s logic

Prabhava

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अप्रधै�ना�: प�र्थकृ� "स्मा�द्� रसू� द्या�: सूणिश्र"�स्"> "' I प्रभू�वै�श्च य" द्रव्य' द्रव्य श्र'ष्ठेमा" मा"मा�II

(अ.सू.सू�-१७)

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Importance of Prabhava

Acintya

Daivapratighata

Visapratighata

Darsanat

Sravanat

Tulyarsagunesu Visesata

Adhbuta Karma

Agama

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Prabhava- A Re-analysis

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1. Re-analysis of the Examples

2. Drug Researches

3. Site specificity of Drugs

4. Yoga Prabhava

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Prabhavaja Karmas

• Aushadikarma - Pharmacological• Agadiyakarma – Toxic & Antitoxic• Rakshoghnakarma- Antimicrobial• Bhautikakarma – Physical • Manasakarma -

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Virecana karma of Danti

Danti & Chitraka

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Anthraquinines & Carbohydrates

• Pharmacognostic Studies on the Roots of Baliospermum

Raziana keshav Et Yog. G.V.R. Joseph , CCRAS,Kerala

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Virecana karma of Draksha

Draksha & Madhuyashti

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Medhya Karma

• Sankhupushpi • Brahmi• Guduci• Madhuyashti

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Tikta RasaT2Rs- T2R4, T2R107 and T2R38 expressed in multiple regions of the rat brain-brain stem,

cerebellum, cortex and nucleus accumbens. Functional bitter taste receptors are expressed in brain cells.• Singh N, Vrontakis M, Parkinson F, Chelikani P

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Sweet Taste

• The heterodimeric sweet taste receptor has multiple

potential ligand binding sites.

Cui M et.al, Mount Sinai School of Medicine,Newyork

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Visaghna karma of Sireesa

Universal Antidote

Multitude of Poisons

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Rakshoghna karma

Anti-microbial activity

• Antimicrobial Activity of Clitoria ternatea (L.) Extracts

L. Kamilla et.al

• In vitro assessment of potenial of Commiphora whighti(Arn) gum extract

Kalpesh.B et.alo

• n

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Salyaharana Karma

Magnetism

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Manidharana & MantrasPsychologicalColourVibrationsAsterism & Chatoyancy• Rendering gems with aterism or

chatoyancy S Yokoi, K Kurashige, J Toriwaki - The Visual Computer, 1986 – Springer

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Site Specificity – Is it Prabhava ?

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Asoka- Saraca asoca

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Garbhasaya Rasayana

Active principles-

one stimulating and the other relaxing

Stimulate the uterus, making the contraction more frequent and prolonged.

Crystalline glycoside stimulate uterine contraction

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• Oxytocic activity of a pure phenolic glycoside (P2) from Saraca indica Linn (Ashoka): a short communication.

Satyavati GV et al• Ashoka (Saraca indica) increase estrogen

levels and normalize the endometrium during menstruation (The Antiseptic, Vol.95, October 1998, p.329).

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Arjuna- Terminalia arjuna

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• Mechanistic clues in cardioprotective effect of Terminalia arjuna bark extract in isoprotrenol -induced chronic heart failure in rats.

Parveen A, Babbar R, Agarwal S, Kotwani A

Department of Physiology, Maulana Azad Medical College, University of Delhi, India

• Antianginal and cardioprotective effects of Terminalia arjuna, an indigenous drug, in coronary artery disease.

Dwivedi S, Agarwal MP.

Department of Medicine, UCMS, Delhi

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Yoga Prabhava

Sahacaradi Kashayam

Prasaranyadi Kashayam

Pathyakshadhatryadi Kashayam

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?Deepanakarma of Ghrtha

Pumsavana

Sadya sukrakarana

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Reviving Prabhava

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1. Proposed Theories

2. Interpreting Prabhava

3. Conclusion

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Isomerism

Active constituents

Receptor-Effector Theory

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Isomerism

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Receptor- Effector Theory

• Receptor:

Macromolecule/ Binding site on or inside effector cell

To recognise the signal molecule/ drug

Initiate response

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Lock & Key mechanism

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Types

Type 1 : Channel-linkedType 2 : G-protien-coupledType 3 : Kinase-linkedType 4 : Gene transcription

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Channel linked

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G-protein-coupled

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Kinase-linked

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Gene transcription regulators

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Induced Fit

• A situation where the receptor changes shape as it binds to a ligand so that its binding site more closely conforms to the shape of the ligand.

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Active Chemical Constituents

That performs the intended chemistry or biochemisrty

Inducing specific response

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Affinity

Potency

Efficacy

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द्रव्य�णिणं तिहा द्रव्यप्रभू�वै�द्� ग>णंप्रभू�वै�द्� द्रव्यग>णंप्रभू�वै�च्च "स्मिस्माना� "स्मिस्माना� कृ�ल' "त्त्द्यिधैकृरणंमा�सू�द्या� "� "� चा

य>शि^मार्थ_ चा " "माणिभूप्र'त्य य"� कृ> वै#न्तिन्" ""� कृमा# I (चा.सू�-२६)

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Conclusion

Indication for further Research

Substitution

Use of single drugs

Identification of specific chemical constituents

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What is known is a drop of knowledge

What is unknown is a deep ocean

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Reference

• Rendering gems with aterism or chatoyancy

S Yokoi, K Kurashige, J Toriwaki - The Visual Computer, 1986 – Springer