PQ Chapter 1.ppt

8/10/2019 PQ Chapter 1.ppt

1/14

1

1. INTRODUCTION TO POWER QUALITY

POWER QUALITY DEFINITION

Power Quality is a set of electrical boundariesthat

allows a piece of equipment to function in its intended

manner without significant loss of performance or life

expectancy.

BPB 44103: POWER QUALITY

Electrical boundaries:

Voltageurrent

!requency


2/14

"

1. INTRODUCTION TO POWER QUALITYBPB 44103: POWER QUALITY

WHY STUDY POWER QUALITY ?

1. #he e$olution of electrical power systems


3/14

%



". &oad criticality


4/14

'



%. ost of (nterruption


5/14

)



'. #ypes of &oad

CRITICAL LOADS

NON- CRITICAL LOADS

SENSITIVE LOADS

NON- SENSITIVE LOADS

LINEAR LOADS

NON- LINEAR LOADS

HIGH

MEDIUM

LOW


6/14

*



). +eregulation of ,tility (ndustry


7/14

-


TYPES OF LOADS

1. SENSITIVE LOADS

&oad that ha$e !"tolerance for changes in electrical

power supply e.g.: $oltage/ frequency de$iations0

rains of all computers 2 integrated circuit (0 chips

( 2 source of load sensiti$ity3 used to be transistor

4anufacturer to increase the density electrical

components in ( 2 causing more PQ problem


8/14

5


TYPES OF LOADS

#. NON-SENSITIVE LOADS

&oad that ha$e $%&$tolerance for changes in electrical

power supply e.g.: $oltage/ frequency de$iations0


9/14

6


TYPES OF LOADS

3. LINEAR LOADS

&oad in which $oltage and current signals follow one

another $ery closely.

Example: Voltage drop across a constant resistance

cable07 $aries depending on the current flowing through

it.


10/14

18


TYPES OF LOADS

3. LINEAR LOADS 'C!().*

!ollow 9hms &aw ( ) ( )R

tvti =


11/14

11

TYPES OF LOADS

4. NON-LINEAR LOADS

&oad/ equipment that increases or reduces its consumption

of electricity in a non;linear fashion.


urrent < Voltage do not follow each other linearly.

=a$eshape of steady;state current does not follow

wa$eshape of the applied $oltage.

>ot a pure resistance7 capacitance or inductance.


12/14

1"

TYPES OF LOADS

4. NON-LINEAR LOADS 'C!().*


>on; linearity results in generation of harmonics.

(t contains electronic components to control the function of

equipment to meet the requirements of the loads.


13/14

1%

TYPES OF LOADS

4. NON-LINEAR LOADS 'C!().*

Examples: ?d@ustable Apeed +ri$es ?A+07 Electronic

balast for flourescent light7 arc welder.



14/14

1'


WHO INVOLVED IN PQ INDUSTRY?

R + D

ORGANISATIONS

CONSULTANTSSTANDARD

ORGANISATIONS

MONITORING

EQUIPMENTMANUFACTURERS

POWERCONDITIONING

EQUIPMENTMANUFACTURERS

UTILITIESEND-USERS LAWYERS

END-USEREQUIPMENT

MANUFACTURERS

PQ Chapter 1.ppt

Documents