Ppt of tursuperbocharger

Presented by: ARVIND KUMAR YADAV

U.ROLL-1105640025

HISTORY OF RDSO

INTRODUCTION

WHAT IS A TURBOCHARGER

WORKING PRINCIPLE

COMPARING TURBOCHARGER AND SUPERCHARGER

TURBOCHARGER IN LOCOMOTIVES

ADVANTAGES

DISADVANTAGES

APPLICATIONS

CONCLUSION

• The Research Designs and Standards Organisation (RDSO) is an organisation under the Ministry of Railways of India.

• Its first named Railway Testing and Research Centre (RTRC) & it was set up in 1952 at Lucknow

• Its functions as undertaking intensive investigation of railway problems, providing basic criteria and new concepts for design purposes

• In 1957, its named Research Designs and Standards Organisation (RDSO)

It is derived from Greek turbin’, which means mixing,(also from Latin "turbo" ("spinning top").

Turbochargers were originally known as turbo superchargers.

It is invented by Swiss engineer Alfred Büchi in 1905 and the turbocharger in locomotives began in 1920s.

Nowadays aircrafts like P-47 thunderbolt,P-38 lightening and automobile cars are using this for greater efficiency.

It is a turbine-driven forced induction device that increases an engine's efficiency and power by forcing extra air into the combustion chamber.

It is a device to increase the volumetric efficiency above that value which can be obtained by natural aspiration.

It increases the pressure or density of air supplied to an internal combustion engine. This gives each intake cycle of the engine more oxygen, letting it burn more fuel and do more work, thus increasing power.

A turbocharger consists of a turbine and a compressor on a shared shaft.

The turbine converts exhaust to rotational force, which is in turn used to drive the compressor.

The compressor draws in ambient air and pumps it in to the intake manifold at increased pressure, resulting in a greater mass of air entering the cylinders on each intake stroke.

In some instances, compressed air is routed through an intercooler before introduction to the intake manifold.

Turbo Cycle

Turbine section :

The gas has passed through

the blades of the wheel it

leaves the turbine housing

via the exhaust outlet area.

Compressor section :

The compressor wheel is

connected to the turbine

by a forged steel shaft

A typical turbocharger showing its interior design

VARIOUS PARTS OF A LOCOMOTIVE TURBOCHARGER

ROTOR COMPRESSOR

BLOWER CASING

TURBINE CASING

Supercharger is the mechanically driven by the engine, often through a belt connected to the crankshaft, whereas a turbocharger is driven by the engine's exhaust gas.

Compared to a mechanically driven supercharger, turbochargers tend to be more efficient, but less responsive.

turbochargers often producing 15% to 30% more adiabatic efficiency.

Provides better air-fuel mixture to the locomotive engine.

As the air is compressed, the fresh charge always have a high temperature. So, less engine load is applied to compress the charge in combustion chamber.

No extra driving power requirement as it’s turbine is driven by the exhaust gases of the locomotive engines.

Gain more power and increase engine efficiency without enlarging the power-plant.

It is less responsive than supercharger.

Cost and complexity.

Detonation.

Space.

Turbo lag or spool time.

Mechanical damage of vane wheels.

So avoid these problems a combination of turbocharger and supercharger can mitigate the weaknesses of both.

This technique is called twin-charging.

Locomotives

Cars

Motorcycles

Trucks

Aircrafts

Marine and land-based Diesel turbochargers